Bibliografie tematiche / Spatial behavior – england

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Spatial behavior – england"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 25 luglio 2024
Ultima modifica: 26 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Spatial behavior – england"

1

Apostolopoulou, Evangelia. "Biodiversity offsetting in England: governance rescaling, socio-spatial injustices, and the neoliberalization of nature". Web Ecology 16, n. 1 (1 marzo 2016): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-16-67-2016.

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Abstract. In this paper, I use primary empirical data obtained through interviews in selected case studies around England to shed light on the neoliberal character of biodiversity offsetting, its interrelationship with governance rescaling processes, and the way the latter influences the distribution of the costs and benefits of biodiversity offsetting policies. My results show that biodiversity offsetting in England has been a reactionary neoliberal policy whose implementation has so far been characterized by important deficits from an environmental and socio-spatial justice perspective.
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Sebens, Kenneth P. "Spatial Relationships among Encrusting Marine Organisms in the New England Subtidal Zone". Ecological Monographs 56, n. 1 (febbraio 1986): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2937271.

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Holland, Daniel S. "A bioeconomic model of marine sanctuaries on Georges Bank". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, n. 6 (1 giugno 2000): 1307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-061.

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An empirically estimated fleet dynamics model for New England trawlers is integrated with spatial, age-structured models of primary groundfish species on Georges Banks, southern New England, and the Gulf of Maine. This bioeconomic model is used to explore how permanent marine sanctuaries on Georges Bank might affect catches, revenues, and spawning stock of principal groundfish species in New England. The simulations explore how the location of sanctuaries relative to major ports and their orientation relative to seasonal movement patterns of fish stocks impact their effectiveness and the distribution of benefits across groups of fishers from different ports. The simulation results also demonstrate that the impacts of sanctuaries can vary greatly across species, sometimes increasing yields for some while decreasing yields for others. While the specific results from the simulations reflect the characteristics of the New England groundfish fishery, the modeling methodology and some general conclusions are applicable to other fisheries.
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Wyatt Oswald, W., Edward K. Faison, David R. Foster, Elaine D. Doughty, Brian R. Hall e Barbara C. S. Hansen. "Post-glacial changes in spatial patterns of vegetation across southern New England". Journal of Biogeography 34, n. 5 (24 gennaio 2007): 900–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01650.x.

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Langan, Joseph A., M. Conor McManus, Adena J. Schonfeld, Corinne L. Truesdale e Jeremy S. Collie. "Evaluating Summer Flounder Spatial Sex-Segregation in a Southern New England Estuary". Marine and Coastal Fisheries 11, n. 1 (febbraio 2019): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10065.

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Ward, Thomas, Mitzi Morris, Andrew Gelman, Bob Carpenter, William Ferguson, Christopher Overton e Martyn Fyles. "Bayesian spatial modelling of localised SARS-CoV-2 transmission through mobility networks across England". PLOS Computational Biology 19, n. 11 (13 novembre 2023): e1011580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011580.

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In the early phases of growth, resurgent epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 incidence have been characterised by localised outbreaks. Therefore, understanding the geographic dispersion of emerging variants at the start of an outbreak is key for situational public health awareness. Using telecoms data, we derived mobility networks describing the movement patterns between local authorities in England, which we have used to inform the spatial structure of a Bayesian BYM2 model. Surge testing interventions can result in spatio-temporal sampling bias, and we account for this by extending the BYM2 model to include a random effect for each timepoint in a given area. Simulated-scenario modelling and real-world analyses of each variant that became dominant in England were conducted using our BYM2 model at local authority level in England. Simulated datasets were created using a stochastic metapopulation model, with the transmission rates between different areas parameterised using telecoms mobility data. Different scenarios were constructed to reproduce real-world spatial dispersion patterns that could prove challenging to inference, and we used these scenarios to understand the performance characteristics of the BYM2 model. The model performed better than unadjusted test positivity in all the simulation-scenarios, and in particular when sample sizes were small, or data was missing for geographical areas. Through the analyses of emerging variant transmission across England, we found a reduction in the early growth phase geographic clustering of later dominant variants as England became more interconnected from early 2022 and public health interventions were reduced. We have also shown the recent increased geographic spread and dominance of variants with similar mutations in the receptor binding domain, which may be indicative of convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Boulieri, Areti, James E. Bennett e Marta Blangiardo. "A Bayesian mixture modeling approach for public health surveillance". Biostatistics 21, n. 3 (25 settembre 2018): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxy038.

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Summary Spatial monitoring of trends in health data plays an important part of public health surveillance. Most commonly, it is used to understand the etiology of a public health issue, to assess the impact of an intervention, or to provide detection of unusual behavior. In this article, we present a Bayesian mixture model for public health surveillance, which is able to provide estimates of the disease risk in space and time, and also to detect areas with unusual behavior. The model is designed to deal with a range of spatial and temporal patterns in the data, and with time series of different lengths. We carry out a simulation study to assess the performance of the model under different scenarios, and we compare it against a recently proposed Bayesian model for short time series. Finally, the proposed model is used for surveillance of road traffic accidents data in England over the years 2005–2015.
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Manderson, John P. "The spatial scale of phase synchrony in winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) production increased among southern New England nurseries in the 1990s". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, n. 3 (1 marzo 2008): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-169.

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The spatial scales at which the dynamics of subpopulations are synchronized affect regional population persistence and reflect the operational spatial scales of factors regulating populations. I examined phase synchrony in the fluctuations of age-0 winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) production among 19 southern New England (SNE), USA, coastal nurseries. From 1990 to 2004, nursery production was synchronized at scales up to ~200 km based on spatial trends in cross-correlations of first-differenced age-0 abundance time series. However, sliding window analysis of 1975–2005 time series collected in six nurseries ≤55 km apart in northern SNE indicated that synchrony increased from low to high values in the early 1990s. Synchrony in production also increased among three nurseries ≤65 km apart in southern SNE from 1984 to 2004. Thus, interannual fluctuations in nursery production appeared to become synchronized at coarser spatial scales throughout SNE during the 1990s. This coarsening of the spatial scale of control of winter flounder nursery production was coincident with an increase in the frequency of springs with warm temperatures believed to negatively affect early life history processes. Spatial synchronization of winter flounder nursery ground production could destabilize the age-class structure and population dynamics in the region.
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Goethel, Daniel R., Christopher M. Legault e Steven X. Cadrin. "Testing the performance of a spatially explicit tag-integrated stock assessment model of yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) through simulation analysis". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, n. 4 (aprile 2015): 582–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0244.

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In any stock assessment application, the implicit assumptions regarding spatial population structure must be carefully evaluated. Tag-integrated models offer a promising approach for incorporating spatial structure and movement patterns in stock assessments, but the complexity of the framework makes implementation challenging and the appraisal of performance difficult. A flounder-like fishery was simulated to emulate the metapopulation dynamics of the three yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) stocks off New England, and the robustness of spatially explicit tag-integrated models were compared with closed population assessments. Different movement parametrizations and data uncertainty scenarios were simulated, while the ability of the tag-integrated model to estimate reporting rate and time-varying movement were also evaluated. Results indicated that the tag-integrated framework was robust for the simulated fishery across a wide range of connectivity levels and that tag reporting rates were accurately estimated. Closed population models also demonstrated limited error. Therefore, spatially explicit approaches may not always be warranted even when regional connectivity is occurring, but tag-integrated models can provide improved parameter estimates when reliable tagging data are available. Tag-integrated models also serve as valuable tools for informing spatially explicit operating models, which can then be used to evaluate the assumptions and performance of closed population models.
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Lehuta, Sigrid, Daniel S. Holland e Andrew J. Pershing. "Investigating interconnected fisheries: a coupled model of the lobster and herring fisheries in New England". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, n. 2 (febbraio 2014): 272–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0185.

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Ostensibly separate fisheries are often linked through ecological, environmental, and human mediated processes that can impact their productivity, profitability, and resilience; however, managers rarely explicitly account for these linkages. We present a coupled bioeconomic model of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) and Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) fisheries in the northeast United States. The model builds upon existing stock assessment models and includes key characteristics of both fisheries including size- or age-structured populations, seasonal patterns of lobster exploitation, and seasonal-spatial patterns of herring exploitation. The lobster and herring models are linked through a bait market module that drives behavior of the herring fleet and affects catches, costs, and revenues in both fisheries. The model illustrates how changes in management or ecosystem conditions in one fishery can propagate to another. The model suggests that the lobster fishery is robust to declines in herring recruitment and limited changes in the spatial allocation of the herring total allowable catch. However, herring catches and stocks are affected by changes in lobster management that impact effort levels.
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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Spatial behavior – england"

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Brown, Curtis. "Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Predation on the American Lobster, Homarus americanus, across New England's Biogeographic Transition Zone". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BrownC2007.pdf.

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Clement, Claire. "Mapping Women's Movement in Medieval England". VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/367.

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This thesis investigates women’s geographical movement in medieval England from the perspective of mobility and freedom. It uses pilgrimage accounts from medieval miracle story collections and to gather information about individual travel patterns. The study uses GIS to analyze gendered mobility patterns, and to investigate whether there were noticeable differences in the distance which men and women traveled and the geographical area of the country they originated. It also analyzes the nearness of men’s and women’s respective origin towns to alternative pilgrimage locations, as a means of examining the factors determining gendered travel mobility. The study finds that women’s travel distances were less than men’s, especially in the later medieval period, but that they were in fact more likely than men to come from areas proximate to alternative pilgrimage sites. This suggests the existence of higher mobility capacity for women living in areas with greater contact with other travelers.
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Baily, Brian. "Analysis of beach mapping techniques and their application to the investigation of the spatial and temporal variations in the morphological behaviour of the shingle beaches of southern Central England". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343332.

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Libri sul tema "Spatial behavior – england"

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Baily, Brian. Analysis of beach mapping techniques: And their application to the investigation of the spatial and temporal variations in the morphological behaviour of the shingle beaches of southern central England. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, 2001.

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Massey, Doreen. City Worlds (Understanding Cities (London, England).). Routledge, 2000.

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Massey, Doreen. City Worlds (Understanding Cities (London, England).). Routledge, 2000.

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Conceptions of Space and Place in Strategic Spatial Planning (RTPI Library). Routledge, 2008.

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Newman, Karen. Cultural Capitals: Early Modern London and Paris. Princeton University Press, 2007.

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Furlong, Jamie, e Will Jennings. The Changing Electoral Map of England and Wales. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780191943331.001.0001.

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Abstract This book offers a definitive account of the changing electoral geography of England and Wales over the past half century. Changes in social and economic structure have altered the spatial distribution of voters and combined with changes in the parties’ appeal to those voters (and the behaviour of voters) has led to a gradual, though recently accelerating, realignment in the geographical basis of electoral competition. Constituency-level analysis of voting at general elections between 1979 and 2019 shows a swing from Labour to the Conservatives in demographically left behind areas with largely white, working-class populations and lower levels of educational attainment, while Labour's support has remained stable in places characterized by economic deprivation (economically left behind areas) and insecure employment (precariously left behind areas). Areas with improving socio-economic characteristics—typically cities where Labour have inefficiently stacked up votes—have swung towards Labour, whereas those that have experienced population and economic decline have swung towards the Conservatives. Yet not all areas follow these trends. Spatial analysis reveals clusters of seats where each party has more support than expected based on sociodemographic composition—places where, in short, place matters. In Merseyside, Labour’s vote is much higher than predicted by demographics, while this is likewise the case for the Conservatives in Lincolnshire. Qualitative case studies identify the place-based, contextual factors that help explain the unusual political characteristics in these places. The book argues for the need to recognize the importance of people, places, and parties in shaping the geography of electoral outcomes.
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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Spatial behavior – england"

1

Burns, Alison. "The Mesolithic Footprints Retained in One Bed of the Former Saltmarshes at Formby Point, Sefton Coast, North West England". In Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks, 295–315. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_16.

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AbstractIn the early Holocene period, extensive tracts of coastal land were submerged as the climate warmed and meltwaters flooded into the oceans. As the Irish Sea expanded, coastlines altered and large intertidal zones were created as tracts of low-lying land at the tidal margins were gradually submerged. In these areas, reed swamp and saltmarsh formed which, too, were inundated for varying periods of time. However, in the calmer warmer weather of the late spring and summer, birds and mammals were drawn on to the mudflats where they could feed on molluscs, or new reed and sedge shoots, wallow in the cooling mud, drink the brackish water or, for some predators, hunt. The behavioural tendencies of some species are revealed by their footprints which show their engagement within this environment – some breeds moved on to the marshes while others moved away. The humans who shared this landscape understood the opportunities offered by these predictable behaviours. Their trails run along and across those left by many species, leaving a visible network of human and animal activity preserved in the hardened mud. These will be described through an examination of the footprints recorded in three contexts which formed the stratigraphy of a Mesolithic bed at Formby Point in North West England. The persistent return to the mudflats by generations of people reflects an embodied knowledge of this coastal landscape, learnt in childhood and practiced in adulthood. The ability to modify movements in the landscape, to respond to the daily tides, the changing seasons and a fluctuating environment, all suggest a spatial-temporal relationship which not only encompassed a dynamic environment but also the other life that dwelt within it.
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Mansell, Charmian. "The Home and Beyond". In FEMALE SERVANTS IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND, 221–45. British AcademyOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267585.003.0011.

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Abstract Studies of female servants’ working activities, social experiences, and relationships are firmly bound within the home and its patriarchal structures. This chapter opens out this household-centred framework through a spatial analysis of female service. In analysing the spaces in which female servants are recorded in church court depositions, the chapter challenges our understanding of their interactions with space and people in early modern England. These women weren’t confined to the domestic sphere either in their work or their social interactions: 50 per cent of servants recorded were outside the home. In showing the impossibility of round-the-clock monitoring of servants, as they spent much time away from the home and their masters or mistresses, the chapter destabilises the model of the patriarchal household as a structure of governance. Household patriarchy was just one social system that monitored and regulated servant behaviour; neighbours too could be influential. Further, I argue that female servants’ links to the wider community gave them power and agency – limited perhaps, but significant nonetheless – in a labour relationship predicated on subservience.
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