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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Spacers gate"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 12 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Spacers gate"

Weng, Chun Jen. "Etching Effects of Nanotechnology Fabrication on CMOS Transistor Gate Wafer Manufacturing Process Integration". Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (ottobre 2010): 938–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.938.

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As wafer nanotechnology gate is scaling down, the fabrication technology of gate spacer for transistor becomes more critical in manufacturing processes. Because wafer fabrication technologies, sidewall spacers play an important role in the control of short channel effects by offsetting ion implantation profiles from the edge of the gate. The present study is to overcome the fabrication processes limitations and proposed modified feasible etching processes integration on the formation processing for complementary metal oxide semiconductor nanofabrication process of gate spacer technology and electrical characteristics.

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Weng, Chun Jen. "Etching Process Effects of CMOS Transistor Gate Manufacturing Nanotechnology Fabrication Integration". Applied Mechanics and Materials 83 (luglio 2011): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.83.91.

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As the nanotechnology gate is scaling down, the fabrication technology of gate spacer for CMOS transistor becomes more critical in manufacturing processes. For CMOS technologies, sidewall spacers play an important role in the control of short channel effects by offsetting ion implantation profiles from the edge of the gate. A sidewall spacer patterning technology yields critical dimension variations of minimum-sized features much smaller than that achieved by optical Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes integration. The present study is to overcome the fabrication limitations and more particularly focus on etching processes integration on structural and formation processing for complementary metal oxide semiconductor nanofabrication process on gate spacer technology and electrical characteristics performance of nanotechnology gate structure were included. Based on the investigation of the etching effect and interface film variation on the electrical characteristics of the gate oxide on etching profile and their impacts on the sidewall transistor gate structure, a novel etching integration process for optimal controlled sidewall gate spacer fabrication was developed.

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Wylie, Ian W., e N. Garry Tarr. "A new approach to gate/n− overlapped lightly doped drain structures: added gate after implantation of n− (AGAIN)". Canadian Journal of Physics 69, n. 3-4 (1 marzo 1991): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p91-027.

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A new lightly doped drain (LDD) metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor structure is presented that provides substantial overlap of the gate over the n− region independent of the n− junction depth. This structure uses polysilicon spacers to replace the oxide sidewall spacers used in a conventional LDD device. The structure has been given the acronym "AGAIN," for added gate after implantation of n−.

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Kumar, Padakanti Kiran, Bukya Balaji e Karumuri Srinivasa Rao. "Design and analysis of asymmetrical low-k source side spacer halo doped nanowire metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, n. 3 (1 giugno 2023): 3519. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i3.pp3519-3529.

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In this paper, we propose a low-k source side asymmetrical spacer halo-doped nanowire metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) design and analysis. High-k spacer materials are now being researched extensively for improving electrostatic control and suppressing short-channel effects in nanoscaled electronics. However, the high-k spacers' excessive increase in fringe capacitance degrades the dynamic circuit performance. Surprisingly, this approach achieves a significant reduction in gate capacitance by maximizing the use of high-k spacer material. Three different structures, symmetrical dual-k spacer, low-k drain side asymmetrical spacer, low-k source side asymmetrical spacer halo doped nanowire MOSFET architectures are simulated and among them low-k source side asymmetrical spacer halo doped nanowire MOSFET architecture giving lower gate capacitance. After doing 3D simulations in Silvaco technology computer-aided design (TCAD) we observed that the gate capacitance and intrinsic delay are 1.23x10<sup>-17</sup> farads and 1.11x10<sup>-12</sup> seconds respectively for low-k source side asymmetrical spacer architecture and these are less as compared to high-k spacer architecture. So, the proposed structure is highly recommended for digital applications.

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Wostyn, Kurt, Karine Kenis, Hans Mertens, Adrian Vaisman Chasin, Andriy Hikavyy, Frank Holsteyns e Naoto Horiguchi. "Low Temperature SiGe Steam Oxide - Aqueous Hf and NH₃/NF₃ Remote Plasma Etching and its Implementation as Si GAA Inner Spacer". Solid State Phenomena 282 (agosto 2018): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.282.126.

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For horizontally stacked nanowires or-sheets to compete with finFET, the development of a robust inner spacer module is essential. These inner spacers are required to reduce the parasitic capacitance due to the overlap between the source/drain and gate regions. Here we propose an inner spacer integration scheme for Si gate-all-around (GAA) taking advantage of the selective oxidation and oxide removal of SiGe versus Si. Compared to thermal oxide, we found a very high SiGe-oxide etch rate in aqueous HF solutions. When using an NH3/NF3remote plasma, a reduction in etch rate was found for SiGe-oxide versus thermal oxide. We show Si0.75Ge0.25-oxide meets inner spacer requirements for leakage current and electrical breakdown field and finally demonstrate the proposed inner spacer integration scheme using a fin-shaped SiGe/Si multilayer topological-test-structure.

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Guo, Mengxue, Weifeng Lü, Ziqiang Xie, Mengjie Zhao, Weijie Wei e Ying Han. "Effects of Symmetric and Asymmetric Double-Layer Spacers on a Negative-Capacitance Nanosheet Field-Effect Transistor". Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, n. 6 (1 giugno 2022): 873–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3266.

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The effect of three double-layer spacers (corner/selective/dual) on the performance of a negative-capacitance nanosheet field-effect transistor (NC-NSFET) was investigated for the first time. Sentaurus technology computer-aided design simulations revealed that the NC-NSFET with corner spacer will be significantly improved in transfer and high frequency characteristics due to the increase of ferroelectric layer thickness, and the NC-NSFET with a selective spacer structure exhibits better gate controllability. Compared with the ordinary dual-k spacer structure, the switching current ratio is doubled, and its subthreshold swing and drain-induced barrier lowering are reduced by 3.0% and 48%, respectively. In addition, by introducing a selective spacer at the source side and a corner spacer at the drain side, the NC-NSFET has a smaller intrinsic delay and exhibits better capacitance matching and stronger gate controllability than that with a symmetric spacer. For the double-layer spacer, the extension of the high-k spacer in the horizontal direction is more beneficial to the improvement of the device performance than that in the vertical direction, which provides a more comprehensive reference for the spacer application in NC-NSFET.

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Durfee, Curtis, Ivo Otto IV, Subhadeep Kal, Shanti Pancharatnam, Matthew Flaugh, Toshiki Kanaki, Matthew Rednor et al. "Epi Source-Drain Damage Mitigation During Channel Release of Stacked Nanosheet Gate-All-Around Transistors". ECS Transactions 112, n. 1 (29 settembre 2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11201.0045ecst.

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Nanosheet gate-all-around devices have demonstrated several advantages in device performance and area scaling over finFET devices with higher device density and improved electrostatic control. Robust inner spacer (IS) and channel formation is critical for high performance, reduced variability and good yield. An isotropic dry etch of the sacrificial SiGe layer with extremely high selectivity to gate spacer, IS and Si channels is necessary for high-quality channel formation over a wide range of sheet widths. Furthermore, the nFET Si:P and pFET SiGe:B source-drain (S/D) epitaxy must be isolated using inner spacers or buffers to prevent damage during Channel Release (CR). The damage can be further mitigated with optimized CR etch chemistry, enabling IS scaling. We highlight S/D damage mechanisms during CR, then demonstrate reduced S/D damage by co-optimization of the IS, CR chemistry and S/D epitaxy.

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Convertino, Clarissa, Cezar Zota, Heinz Schmid, Daniele Caimi, Marilyne Sousa, Kirsten Moselund e Lukas Czornomaz. "InGaAs FinFETs Directly Integrated on Silicon by Selective Growth in Oxide Cavities". Materials 12, n. 1 (27 dicembre 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010087.

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III-V semiconductors are being considered as promising candidates to replace silicon channel for low-power logic and RF applications in advanced technology nodes. InGaAs is particularly suitable as the channel material in n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), due to its high electron mobility. In the present work, we report on InGaAs FinFETs monolithically integrated on silicon substrates. The InGaAs channels are created by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) epitaxial growth within oxide cavities, a technique referred to as template-assisted selective epitaxy (TASE), which allows for the local integration of different III-V semiconductors on silicon. FinFETs with a gate length down to 20nm are fabricated based on a CMOS-compatible replacement-metal-gate process flow. This includes self-aligned source-drain n+ InGaAs regrown contacts as well as 4 nm source-drain spacers for gate-contacts isolation. The InGaAs material was examined by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and the epitaxial structures showed good crystal quality. Furthermore, we demonstrate a controlled InGaAs digital etching process to create doped extensions underneath the source-drain spacer regions. We report a device with gate length of 90 nm and fin width of 40 nm showing on-current of 100 µA/µm and subthreshold slope of about 85 mV/dec.

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Li, Junjie, Yongliang Li, Na Zhou, Wenjuan Xiong, Guilei Wang, Qingzhu Zhang, Anyan Du et al. "Study of Silicon Nitride Inner Spacer Formation in Process of Gate-all-around Nano-Transistors". Nanomaterials 10, n. 4 (20 aprile 2020): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040793.

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Stacked SiGe/Si structures are widely used as the units for gate-all-around nanowire transistors (GAA NWTs) which are a promising candidate beyond fin field effective transistors (FinFETs) technologies in near future. These structures deal with a several challenges brought by the shrinking of device dimensions. The preparation of inner spacers is one of the most critical processes for GAA nano-scale transistors. This study focuses on two key processes: inner spacer film conformal deposition and accurate etching. The results show that low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) silicon nitride has a good film filling effect; a precise and controllable silicon nitride inner spacer structure is prepared by using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) tool and a new gas mixtures of CH2F2/CH4/O2/Ar. Silicon nitride inner spacer etch has a high etch selectivity ratio, exceeding 100:1 to Si and more than 30:1 to SiO2. High anisotropy with an excellent vertical/lateral etch ratio exceeding 80:1 is successfully demonstrated. It also provides a solution to the key process challenges of nano-transistors beyond 5 nm node.

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Bacquié, Valentin, Aurélien Tavernier, François Boulard, Olivier Pollet e Nicolas Possémé. "Gate spacers etching of Si3N4 using cyclic approach for 3D CMOS devices". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 39, n. 3 (maggio 2021): 033005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0000871.

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Tesi sul tema "Spacers gate"

Jaffal, Moustapha. "Développement de Dépôt Sélectif Topographique 3D par combinaison de procédés PE(ALD) et ALE en microélectronique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT046.

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Au cours des dernières décennies, l’industrie des semi-conducteurs a connu une augmentation spectaculaire de la performance des circuits intégrés. La photolithographie, un procédé indispensable à la fabrication des circuits intégrés, requiert désormais une séquence d'étapes de plus en plus complexes, comprenant de nombreux traitements successifs tels que le Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) et le Self-Aligned Quadruple Patterning (SAQP). Au-delà de leur complexité et de l’augmentation des coûts associés, les étapes de patterning engendrent des erreurs d’alignement (Edge Placement Error (EPE)) qui affectent le bon fonctionnement des dispositifs. L’objectif de la thèse est de développer un nouveau procédé de dépôt sélectif topographique (TSD) par une approche en super-cycle « Dépôt/Gravure ». Les avantages d’un dépôt TSD est de réaliser latéralement et directement des espaceurs sur les flancs latéraux des architectures 3D telles que les grilles des transistors CMOS à l’échelle du nanomètre. Cette nouvelle stratégie de fabrication permet tout d’abord d’envisager une réduction du nombre des étapes et d’équipements nécessaires à la structuration, limitant ainsi les EPE potentiellement induites par la photolithographie. Ainsi, elle offre la possibilité de réduire la consommation des surfaces horizontales des transistors 3D, qui est un des éléments critiques à prendre en compte lors de réalisation des espaceurs dans l’intégration des nœuds technologiques avancés. Une preuve de concept du dépôt TSD a fait l’objet de ma thèse grâce à une approche en super-cycle reposée sur l’alternance d’un procédé de dépôt conforme par PE(ALD) suivi par différents procédés de gravure plasma anisotrope dans un seul et même équipement, en utilisant les propriétés physiques et chimiques d’interactions des plasmas avec les matériaux
Over the past decades, the semiconductor industry has witnessed a remarkable increase in the performance of integrated circuits. Photolithography, a crucial process in the manufacturing of integrated circuits, requires an increasingly complex sequence of steps, including various successive treatments such as Self-Aligned Double Patterning (SADP) and Self-Aligned Quadruple Patterning (SAQP). Beyond their complexity and the associated cost escalation, patterning steps can result in alignment errors, known as Edge Placement Error (EPE), which can impact the proper functioning of devices such as transistors. The objective of this thesis is to develop a novel topographical selective deposition (TSD) process using a "Deposition/Etching" super-cycle approach. The advantages of this TSD process include the lateral and direct formation of spacers on the sidewalls of 3D architectures, such as CMOS transistor gates at the nanoscale. This innovative manufacturing approach paves the way for reducing the number of steps and equipment required in the fabrication process, minimizing the potential EPE introduced by photolithography. Consequently, it offers the opportunity to reduce the consumption of horizontal surfaces in 3D transistors, a critical factor in the integration of advanced technological nodes during spacer creation. This work offers a proof of concept of the TSD deposition, using a super-cycle approach that alternates between a conformal deposition process by PE(ALD) and various anisotropic plasma etching processes in the same tool. This approach leverages the physical and chemical properties of plasma interactions with materials

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Bertram, David. "Game-Space". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31140.

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Game-space presents the development of a student game-hall on the campus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia. The architectural theory that guided the development asserts that an intelligent translation of a building's physical and conceptual needs into a matrix of well defined layers provides a strong foundation for the creation of a cultivated space.
Master of Architecture

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Calderon, Ana C. M. A. "Understanding game semantics through coherence spaces". Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580675.

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Balog, Michael Rosen Warren A. "The automated compilation of comprehensive hardware design search spaces of algorithmic-based implementations for FPGA design exploration /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1770.

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Bendele, Rigby L. "NEGOTIATING MASCULINITY IN TABLETOP ROLEPLAYING GAME SPACES". VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5805.

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As video games and other gaming has become a popular media form, with 60% of Americans playing games daily (Entertainment Software Association [ESA], 2018), gaming communities have increased in size and participation. While scholarly research has consistently found that women are marginalized in these communities, little research has looked at how men see these communities. Research on homosociality shows that men use communities and relationships with other men to access masculinity (Bird, 1996; Dellinger, 2004; Houston, 2012). Building on game studies and masculinity studies, this research looks at the way men in tabletop roleplaying game communities understand their involvement and the ways their involvement connects with masculinity. Tabletop gaming communities give men access to a form of masculinity they may be denied, primarily by providing access to other ways of building social capital and relationships with other men.

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Meldgaard, Betty Li. "Perception, action, and game space". Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2462/.

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This paper examines the use of the ecological approach to visual perception in relation to action in game spaces. By applying the ecological approach it is believed that we can gain new insights into the mechanisms of perceiving possibilities for action.

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Brown, Eric L. "A quadratic partial assignment and packing model and algorithm for the airline gate assignment problem". Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-040541/.

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Gingold, Chaim. "Miniature gardens and magic crayons : games, spaces and worlds". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17671.

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Ebert, Dean A. "Design and development of a configurable fault-tolerant processor (CFTP) for space applications". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FEbert.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Herschel H. Loomis, Alan A. Ross. Includes bibliographical references (p. 219-224). Also available online.

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Humberd, Caleb J. "A compression algorithm for field programmable gate arrays in the space environment". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10623.

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The focus of this thesis is a lossy Fourier-transform-based compression algorithm for implementation on field programmable gate arrays in the space environment. The algorithm computes the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of a real input signal, determines the energy in user-defined time and frequency ranges of interest, and transmits only those frequency domain portions of the signal that exceed the predefined thresholds. Error detection against single event upsets for the FFT is implemented by comparing the sum of the squares of the input to the scaled sum of the squares of the FFT output, which should be equal according to Parseval's Theorem. Error correction is implemented by duplicating the FFT calculation and error detection and choosing the output of the FFT that is not in error.

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Libri sul tema "Spacers gate"

Linda, Evans, a cura di. Hell's gate. Riverdale, NY: Baen, 2006.

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Marroquin-Burr, Kristina. Learn to draw Angry Birds space. [Irvine, Calif.]: Walter Foster Pub., Inc., 2013.

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Champion, Jill. The official guide to Roger Wilco's space adventures. 2^a ed. Greensboro, N.C: Compute Books, 1993.

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C, Leinecker Richard, a cura di. The official guide to Roger Wilco's space adventures. Greensboro, N.C: Compute Books, 1991.

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John, Peel. Where in space is Carmen Sandiego? Racine, Wis: Western Pub. Co., 1993.

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Barham, Pamela. Winning space: Game strategies for netball. [U.K.]: Network Coaching International, 1994.

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1959-, Maas Winy, MVRDV (Firm), Delft School of Design, Berlage Instituut, Massachusetts Institute of Technology e cThrough (Firm), a cura di. Space fighter: The evolutionary city (game:). Barcelona: Actar, 2007.

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Kahn, Charles M. The good, the bad, and the ugly: Coalition proof equilibrium in games with infinite strategy spaces. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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Erikson, Steven. Deadhouse gates. New York: Tor, 2005.

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Erikson, Steven. Deadhouse Gates. London: Transworld, 2009.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Spacers gate"

Jungkeit, Steven R. "The Infinite Gaze". In Spaces of Modern Theology, 41–81. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137269027_2.

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Kaushik, Brajesh Kumar, Sudeb Dasgupta e Pankaj Kumar Pal. "Tri-Gate FinFET Technology and Its Advancement". In Spacer Engineered FinFET Architectures, 11–36. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315191089-2.

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Caracciolo, Marco. "Game Space". In On Soulsring Worlds, 26–41. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032684024-3.

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Riviere, Alex. "Space". In Game Audio Mixing, 110–20. London: Focal Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003351146-10.

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Sanliturk, Cagri. "Game of being state". In Civic Spaces and Desire, 68–81. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351184137-5.

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Young, Anthony. "Game Changer: SpaceX". In The Twenty-First Century Commercial Space Imperative, 15–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18929-1_2.

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Espinola-Arredondo, Ana, e Felix Muñoz-Garcia. "Nash Equilibria in Games with Continuous Action Spaces". In Game Theory, 77–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37574-3_4.

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Leeney, Cathy, e Deirdre McFeely. "Social Class, Space, and Containment in 1950s Ireland". In The Golden Thread, 233–56. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800859463.003.0018.

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Maura Laverty wrote her first play, Liffey Lane (1951), for Dublin’s Gate Theatre at the suggestion of Hilton Edwards that she adapt her 1946 novel,Lift Up Your Gates, for the stage. She went on to write two further plays, both also for the Gate, Tolka Row (1951) and A Tree in the Crescent (1952). In Part 1, this chapter explores Laverty’s portrayal of Dublin life in light of the social and moral politics of 1950s Ireland. Part 2 considers how Laverty’s trilogy tests the uses of theatrical space to represent social and personal experiences of urban class structures and aspirations in 1950s Ireland.

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"Video/Game". In Architectonics of Game Spaces, 71–84. transcript-Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839448021-005.

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Binotto, Johannes. "Video/Game". In Architectonics of Game Spaces, 71–84. transcript Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783839448021-005.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Spacers gate"

Dhiman, Gaurav, e Rajeev Pourush. "Analysis on Variations of Metal Gate Work Function on Junctionless Double Gate MOSFET with High-k Spacers". In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Communication, Control and Computing (ICONC3). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconc345789.2020.9117425.

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Kola, Sekhar Reddy, Yiming Li- e Narasimhulu Thoti. "Characteristics of Gate-All-Around Silicon Nanowire and Nanosheet MOSFETs with Various Spacers". In 2020 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/sispad49475.2020.9241603.

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Sachid, Angada B., Roswald Francis, Maryam Shojaei Baghini, Dinesh K. Sharma, Karl-Heinz Bach, Reinhard Mahnkopf e V. Ramgopal Rao. "Sub-20 nm gate length FinFET design: Can high-κ spacers make a difference?" In 2008 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iedm.2008.4796790.

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Malviya, Abhishek Kumar, e R. K. Chauhan. "Optimizing performance of dual metal gate modified source FDSOI using symmetric and asymmetric oxide spacers". In 2017 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies (ICETCCT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetcct.2017.8280327.

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Miyashita, T., K. Ookoshi, A. Hatada, K. Ikeda, Y. S. Kim, M. Nishikawa, T. Sakoda, K. Hosaka e H. Kurata. "Design and Optimization of Gate Sidewall Spacers to Achieve 45nm Ground Rule for High-performance Applications". In 2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2008.b-5-1.

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Gong, Jun-Wei, Yeh-Chang Fang, Ta-Yung Wang, Jia-Rui Hu, Chung-I. Chang, Shih-Jung Lee e Jon Opsal. "Thickness and Topography of Dielectric Dual-Sidewall Spacers on Metal Gate of DRAM Extracted by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry". In 2007 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asmc.2007.375115.

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Yang, Z. Y., Y. A. Huang, H. C. Lin, P. W. Li, K. M. Chen e G. W. Huang. "Radio-frequency Superiority of Poly-Si TFTs with T-Shaped Gate and Air Spacers for IoT Applications". In 2018 IEEE 2nd Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edtm.2018.8421455.

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You, W. X., e P. Su. "Investigation of Gate-Length Dependence of Memory Window for 2D Ferroelectric-FET NVMs Considering the Impact of Spacers". In 2019 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2019.m-4-04.

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Kaur, Prabhjot, Sandeep Singh Gill e Navneet Kaur. "Performance Analysis of Junction Less Accumulation Mode (JAM) Bulk FinFETs Using Dual- K Spacers at 15nm Gate Length". In 2018 2nd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoei.2018.8553706.

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Huang, Po-Yen, Xue-Han Chen, Haoran Wang, Shawn S. H. Hsu e Roy K. Y. Wong. "Comprehensive Study of Human-Body-Model Electrostatic Discharge on p-GaN Gate Power HEMT with AlGaN Barrier Spacers". In 2024 36th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and ICs (ISPSD). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispsd59661.2024.10579584.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Spacers gate"

Aleksandrov, Pavlo. NEWS GAMES IN THE UKRAINIAN MEDIA SPACE DURING THE FULL-SCALE RUSSIAN INVASION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12140.

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The phenomenon of news games on the topic of the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022-2023 has been explored in the article. During the research, a number of gaming projects from this period were analyzed, their genre and thematic specificity were determined, examples of gaming products were provided, and our own concept of a news game on the topical subject of wartime was presented. In 2022-2023, many game projects on the theme of the war in Ukraine appeared, which can be fully or partially classified as news games, conditionally dividing them into “civilian” ones, where the game character is a volunteer, an immigrant, a peaceful resident of the occupied territory, etc. and “combat”, in which the character is a Ukrainian soldier or combat unit. These games are primarily developed by gaming studios or individual game developers, rather than journalistic editorial teams, and they target an international audience (almost all the analyzed games have an English version). We categorize these news games as “entertainment” (those primarily oriented towards humor, boosting morale, and using current information or media images) and “serious” (those attempting to explain, reveal the essence, and show the war through the eyes of witnesses). According to the level of technical implementation, these games can be divided into “simple” ones (browser-based, requiring no download or payment) and “complex” ones that offer extended gameplay and are available only through subscription. Almost all gaming projects encourage donations to the Armed Forces of Ukraine and charitable funds, and the authors of paid games always emphasize that a portion of the proceeds will go towards supporting Ukrainian military personnel. Despite their significant potential, news games currently occupy a small niche in the Ukrainian media landscape. At the same time, in our opinion, the creative possibilities offered by the gaming mechanism of this interactive narrative are quite promising for explaining and revealing various socially important topics related to the Russian-Ukrainian war. Keywords: gamification; news games; game format; game research.

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Ptsuty, Norbert, Andrea Habeck e Christopher Menke. Shoreline position and coastal topographical change monitoring at Gateway National Recreation Area: 2017–2022 and 2007–2022 trend report. National Park Service, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299536.

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This trend report summarizes the results of shoreline position and coastal topography monitoring conducted at Gateway National Recreation Area (GATE) in 2007 through 2022. The data collection and report were completed by Rutgers University for the National Park Service, Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network, Inventory and Monitoring Program. Gateway National Recreation Area (GATE) is made up of three units: Sandy Hook Unit, Jamaica Bay Unit (Breezy Point, Plumb Beach), and Staten Island Unit (Great Kills, Miller Field, Fort Wadsworth). Shoreline position change results include a spatial depiction and statistical analysis of annual changes and 5-year changes in shoreline position as well as a longer-term trend analysis incorporating the full shoreline analysis of 2007 through 2022, all following the model presented in Psuty et al. (2022a). Coastal topography datasets include profiles of survey data collected annually, annual change metrics, net change metrics, as well as an alongshore depiction of net change, following the model presented in Psuty et al. (2012). This 2007–2022 trend report is the third GATE trend report to incorporate both shoreline position and coastal topographical change data. Due to the variable exposure to incident waves influencing inputs of sediment to the alongshore transport system in the various units from updrift sources, there was no common direction of shoreline displacement or profile change throughout the GATE park units. Engineering structures along the beach and adjacent to inlets altered the shoreline position and coastal topography responses in much of GATE. Generally, the largest vectors of shoreline position change and changes in coastal topography were produced by natural impacts such as storms and by anthropogenic impacts such as dredging or beach nourishment at an updrift location. All of the park units in GATE displayed the impacts of an absence of a source of sediment to counter the erosional impacts of the coastal storms. All of the units had a net inland displacement of shoreline position over the survey period, with some short term recovery associated with local pulses of sediment transfer. Sites with ocean exposure were more heavily eroded (Sandy Hook Oceanside, Breezy Point Oceanside, and Great Kills Oceanside), than sheltered sites (Sandy Hook Bayside, Breezy Point Bayside, Great Kills Bayside, Plumb Beach, Miller Field, Fort Wadsworth). A comparison of the shoreline position and profile data from this survey period with those from the previous trend reports highlights the impacts of Hurricane Sandy and the variety of recovery episodes throughout GATE (Psuty et al. 2018). The trend lines for the sites are often divided into pre-Hurricane Sandy (2012) and post- Hurricane Sandy because of the magnitude of the changes to the shoreline position (1D) and coastal topography (2D) metrics. There was considerable resilience in the system to re-establish the dune-beach system, although not in its original location. The continuing negative sediment budget and the increasing rate of relative sea-level rise will result in episodic inland migration of the dune-beach system and will necessitate a concomitant review of the allocation of space for visitor use and recreation.

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Datsyshyn, Chrystyna. FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF ANTHROPONYM AS ONE OF THE VARIETIES OF FACTUAL MATERIAL IN THE MEDIA TEXT. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12169.

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The main objective of the study is to reveal the functional parameters of anthroponyms in the media texts. Methods of investigation: the method of media texts monitoring, the comparative method; the method of contextual analysis, the methods of functional analysis. Results. Anthroponyms in media texts contribute to the exact reproduction of facts, the display of a certain time-space. The use of an anthroponym in the media gives its bearer greater social significance; silencing an anthroponym demonstrates a desire to remove its bearer from the public agenda. Anthroponyms can reflect person’s social connections, inform about a belonging to a certain national, ethnic, age, social group. Conclusions Anthroponyms give media text more credibility, because they inform about a specific person in specific realities, personalize information. Anthroponyms are capable to mark time-space, therefore the actualization of proper names can be a means of transferring to another time, informing about forgotten historical facts and persons. Given the ability of anthroponyms – the names of famous persons – to be reduced, the journalist should take into account the possible difficulties of identifying such a person in a different time-space or under the condition of insufficient recognition. Entering the language game, anthroponyms are actualizing simultaneously meanings associated with different time-spaces, such ability can be effectively used to draw historical or cultural parallels, create an expressive load. Given the ability of anthroponyms to increase or decrease social status, journalists should be responsible in the selection of proper names as part of the factual material of the media text. Marking through anthroponyms the connection with national, social, age groups makes these words unique identifiers of the division into “own” or “strangers”, demonstrates the attitude of the speaker towards the bearer of his own name. Significance. The revealed functional parameters of anthroponyms as part of the actual material of the media text provide journalists with ample opportunities for the implementation of various communicative tasks. Key words: media text, anthroponym, factual material, language picture of the world, time-space, social communications.

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Kourkoutas, Konstantinos, Begonya Saez, Veronica Junjan, Anders Riel Müller, Wiro Kuipers, Fabio Hernández Palacio, Kristiane Marie Fjær Lindland, Tina-Simone Neset e Sara Malmgren. ECIU Position Paper on Living Labs and Experimentation Spaces: Recommendations and insights about the potential of Living Labs as innovation and learning platforms in the ECIU University. University of Stavanger, aprile 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.276.

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To accelerate transformations towards just and sustainable future cities across Europe, local and regional projects need to scale up and share sustainability pathways and planning efforts. In this context, Living Labs, and innovation and experimentation spaces in general, have demonstrated great potential in serving as platforms for connecting universities with societal stakeholder, facilitating transdisciplinary collaboration in the innovation process but also as tools for cross-case learning and upscaling innovative solutions. At the same time there is an ever increasing emergence and diversification of these spaces, even within ECIU, that can often create a certain confusion and at the same time reluctance to engage and make use of them or explore their full potential. The ECIU-UTC seed project’s objective was to expand existing research and innovation initiatives of the ECIU by linking established living labs and citizen science projects run by partners and their regional ecosystems. This resulted in an initial Roadmap for the distributed network of a “Living Lab and experimentation and innovation spaces” within ECIU, an effort that will continue in the ULALABS project during the next three years where we will open up the process to the extended ECIU ecosystem. The SMART-ER Conference in Barcelona gave us an initial opportunity to share and reflect the Seed project results together with the broader community but also the objectives and scope of the new project. We envision that the ULALABS project will produce tools, methodologies and experiences that will help the community learn and understand how to make use of these innovative infrastructures to enhance their activity and its impact. At the same time aid with the effort towards the realization of the ECIU 2030 Vision1 by articulating a platform and mechanisms for integrating multi-disciplinary challenge-based research, innovation and learnings; and a distributed network of ECIU physical and virtual collaboration spaces operational and interconnected between the ECIU member universities. In this context, the ECIU consortium in its vision to establish an open, inclusive and collaborative ecosystem should seek to make the existence of the labs visible and promote their active use in teaching, research and innovation activities in future activities.

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Dudoit, Alain. The urgency of the first link: Canada’s supply chain at breaking point, a national security issue. CIRANO, luglio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/cxwf7311.

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The creation of an intelligent supply chain is now an urgent national security priority that cannot be achieved without the joint mobilization of various stakeholders in Canada. It is not, however, an end in itself: the achievement of a single, competitive, sustainable, and consumer-focused domestic market should be the ultimate outcome of the national taskforce needed to collaboratively implement the recommendations of three complementary public policy reports published in 2022 on the state of the supply chain in Canada. The supply chain challenge is vast, and it will only become more complex over time. Governments in Canada must act together now, in conjunction with collaborative efforts with our allies and partners, notably the United States and the European Union, to ensure supply chain resilience in the face of accelerating current and anticipated upheavals, geopolitical conflicts and natural disasters. Québec's geostrategic position is a major asset, and gives it a critical role and responsibility in implementing not only the Final Report of the National Supply Chain Task Force ("ACT"), but also of the recommendations contained in the report published by the Council of Ministers Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety (COMT) and those contained in the report of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities published in Ottawa in November 2022, "Improving the Efficiency and Resilience of Canada's Supply Chains". The mobilizing approach towards a common data space for Canada's supply chain is inspired by Advantage St. Lawrence's forward-looking Smart Economic Corridor vision and builds on and integrates experience gained from various initiatives and programs implemented in Canada, the U.S. and Europe, as appropriate. Its initial implementation in the St. Lawrence - Great Lakes trade corridor will facilitate the subsequent access and sharing of data from across the Canadian supply chain in a reliable and secure manner. The accelerated joint development of a common data space is a game-changer not only in terms of solving critical supply chain challenges, but also in terms of the impetus it will generate in the pursuit of fundamental Canadian priorities, including the energy transition. This Bourgogne report offers a four-part synthesis: - An overview of a background characterized by numerous consultations, strategy announcements, measures, and mixed results. - A cross-analysis of the recommendations of three important and complementary public policy reports at federal level, as well as the Quebec strategy, “l'Avantage Saint-Laurent”. - An analysis of the fundamental issues of mobilization capacity, execution, and under-utilization of data. - Some operational solutions for moving into « Action, Collaboration and Transformation » (ACT) mode.

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Slotiuk, Tetiana. CONCEPT OF SOLUTIONS JOURNALISM MODEL: CONNOTION, FUNCTIONS, FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11097.

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The article examines the main features, general characteristics and essence of the concept of solutions journalism. The basic principles of functioning of this model of journalism in the western press and in Ukraine are given. The list and features of activity of the organizations, institutes and editorial offices supporting development of journalism of solutions journalism. The purpose of the publication is to describe the Solutions Journalism model: its features, characteristics and features of functioning, to find out the difference in the understanding of the concept of «solutions journalism» and «constructive journalism» in general. The task of the publication was to conceptualize the main trends in the development of solutions journalism in the Western and Ukrainian information space; show the main characteristics, formats of functioning and analyze the features of the concepts of «solutions journalism» and «constructive journalism». Applied research methods: at the stage of research of the history of formation of the concept of Solutions Journalism the historical method is used. The hermeneutic method of research helped in the interpretation of basic concepts, the phenomenological approach was applied in the context of considering the essence of the phenomenon of solutions journalism. At the stage of generalization of the features of the concepts of Solutions Journalism and «constructive journalism» a comparative method was used, which gave an understanding of the common components in their essence. The method of analysis allowed to expand the understanding of the purpose of Solutions Journalism as a type of social journalism and its main tasks. With the help of synthesis it was possible to comprehensively understand the concept of Solutions Journalism and understand its features. In Ukraine, this type of journalism is just emerging, but its introduction into the editorial policy of the media may have a national importance. These are regional and local media that can inform their communities about the positive solution of certain problems in other communities, and thus thanks to this model can save local journalism. In the scientific context, there is a need to outline the main differences in the understanding of the concepts of decision journalism and constructive journalism, to understand the socio-psychological need to create good news.

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Demchenko, Dmytro. DEMASSIFICATION OF SOCIAL PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (TO THE PROBLEM OF THE DICHOTOMY OF “ELITE-MASS” AS A POLITICAL COMMUNICATION PARADOX). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12171.

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The article aims to analyze a complicated process of the society’s main components – elite, mass communication, and masses – in their interaction and interdependence from the historical perspective. Due to industrialization and modernization of the life quality, the social life changes radically, and the essence of every component of the society changes as well. The elite loses its dynastic character. The media stop to play the role of a mediator taking on the obligations of a collective agitator and propagandist, and the mass stops to be cloth for wiping shoes. It starts to form a mass audience and, by that, obtains new forms that must be taken into account by social institutions. Together with that the collective views are substituted by the views which are stronger than the ones of a separate individual. One of the main conclusions of the investigation is as follows. The formation of the “consumer society” and the strengthening of the mass communication role resulted in the appearance of “mediocracy” which factually introduced an absolute elite dependence on it and conferred the right of media to set the social agenda. The mass turned out to be a silent majority, a unity of conformity-oriented people. These people become simultaneously a product of mass communication impact because they dictate what one must read, listen to, and watch from the media menu. They force MMC to satisfy their unassuming needs making the content trivial and commodificated. In other words, the mutual process of the interaction of the media, “impossible independence” and the conscious “communicative consensus” of individuals who are willingly united with the mass audience takes place. The creation of the internet due to “digital anonymity” and the autonomy of the consumer formed the conditions for the self-determined citizens and gave the elite a modest place in the “cyber democracy”. However, the increase in individual self-isolation leads to his gradual loss of “social capital,” and that threatens to replace the direct experience with a virtual environment that will make it very difficult to differentiate reality from fiction. Keywords: elite, mass, media, mass communication, information space, globalization.

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Levantovych, Oksana. COVID 19 MEDIA COVERAGE: AN ANALYSIS OF HEORHII POCHEPTSOV’S VIEW. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, febbraio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11061.

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The article analyses the peculiarities of the coverage of the covid pandemic in the Ukrainian media, the emphasis placed by the media in news, and how the online mode of modern life and social distancing affects the growth of media influence. Special attention is paid to the view of the famous publicist Heorhii Pocheptsov, who does not exclude the possibility that the coronavirus was invented intentionally to control millions of people around the world. Permanently, the world faces numerous challenges of different scales: economic, military, socio-political, environmental, epidemiological ones. In 2020, the largest and the most unexpected event, undoubtedly, was the deadly coronavirus pandemic, which spread from the small Chinese province of Wuhan to the whole world and already took more than one million people’s lives in less than a year. Thus, the media, that in the post-information society actually have an unprecedented impact on people, form a person’s perception of such challenges. As a result, our understanding of the pandemic is directly related to the information we consume from the media. In fact, from the very start of quarantine, the media space began to be captured by analytical materials in which experts from various fields tried to predict what the world would be like after the end of coronavirus. These experts were of two types: some claimed that irreversible changes would deepen the permanent economic and socio-political crisis, and by claiming that they intensified panic, while others argued that any crisis is a chance to restart and grow. The experts put different emphases covering the covid pandemic in the media, but it is important to pay attention to the analysis of the famous publicist, propaganda researcher – Heorhii Pocheptsov, who sees the coronavirus as a tool to influence millions of people. The pandemic will end sooner or later, but no matter whether the virus was artificially invented or not, the processes that have already been launched around the world cannot stop as if nothing had happened. But Heorhii Pocheptsov’s opinion about the possible artificial nature of the virus should make us more vigilant while consuming information from TVs or from the online media, as it is possible that this information might be a part of a great game that we were not warned about.

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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, febbraio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.

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Opening the gate: A resource to support Victorian schools to activate school grounds and open spaces for community use. VicHealth, settembre 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37309/2023.pa1068.

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