Tesi sul tema "Soutiens publics"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-31 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Soutiens publics".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Rossignol, Alexandre. "Stockage d'électricité et système électrique en mutation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLD043.
Testo completoIn addition to facilitating the development of renewable energies, electricity storage helps to strengthen the security of electricity supply. By shifting electricity consumption over time, storage makes it possible to better correlate demand with supply. It also contributes to the diversification of flexibilities, necessary due to the intermittency, variability and decentralized nature of renewable electricity production. Until 2019, there was no legal framework governing the electricity storage activity. For convenience, the public authorities qualified the storage operator as both a producer and an end consumer of electricity. But the energy policy choices, mainly focused on the development of intermittent renewable electricity production, gave renewed interest to electricity storage from the mid-2010s, which led the European legislator to create a legal framework specific to the storage activity within the framework of the fourth energy “package”. Although the new European legislative framework for the internal electricity market has introduced several provisions referring to electricity storage, the current French legal framework remains insufficient, with certain European provisions also being insufficient
Croizier, Isabelle. "La Communauté européenne et le soutien public des entreprises en difficulté". Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10402.
Testo completoIn order to be approved by the European Commission, the granting of state aids to firms in difficulty implies the implementation of a restructuring program capable of restoring their viability in the long term. However, the member States often refuse to integrate the principle of restructuring thoroughly into their conception of a national policy regarding aids to firms in difficulty and into its implementation. That is the reason why the thesis favors a public law specialist’s approach to the question and, more specifically, consideration about the sharing out of competences between the European Commission and the member States. The thesis, straightaway, sets out to adopt the perspective of a situation of conflict and gives the elements that enable us to understand the repressive policy implemented by the Commission, with the unfailing support of the Court of justice, with regard to aids meant to ensure the mere preservation of the firms. The ever increasing number of recovery injunctions, especially after the Single European Act, is the very epitome of that tendency (1st part of the thesis). However, the persistent tendency of the member States to fail to comply with the requirements of the Commission challenges the relevance of the repressive approach (2nd part of the thesis). The Commission should indeed encourage the member States to systematically restructure firms in difficulty that benefit from aids, while promoting a framework for industrial restructuring that could be socially acceptable. Among other things, the Commission should put forward its favorable approach to national aids meant to cover the social costs of restructuring and make people more aware of the coordination of national aids with the system of Community aids, without overlooking, beyond the existing laws, a more forward-looking approach to industrial mutations
Houbé-Masse, Marie-Liesse. "La cee et le financement des exportations beneficiant d'un soutien public. L'integration en question". Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN11013.
Testo completoOn the eve of the 31 12 92, the article 113 of the eec treaty relative to the construction of official export credits programs is a breakeven point in the execution of the treaty. From this wiewpoint, my research directs one's choise towards the value of eec's actions as regards the introduction of this subject in the european community's legal system. On the one hand, there is the autonomous action and on the other hand the conventionnal action as far as different results. It's the consequence of those two actions on community integration. The failure of the autonomous action is divided from progress close of the community's participation to an international agreement, the consen sensus "whose the text regulates the conditions of official export credits are the first principles of the article 113 eec in this area. However, the progress by conventionnal way doesn't permit to identify the community like holder of a autonomous policy in area of 113. The retention of eec abilities by members states regards to interest and, their absence of cohesion on the community's object. In fine, this thesis contemplate the limits of the community integration
Sander, Anne. "Les Politiques de soutien à l'innovation, une approche cognitive : le cas des Cortechs en Alsace". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/SANDER_Anne_2005.pdf.
Testo completoOur investigation spans two fields of study, knowledge economics and regional economics, which are both interested in innovation and which often evolve in a parallel way without necessarily completing each other. We shed new light on the concept of innovation as a process which implies an interaction between these two fields of studies while taking the following into account: - creation of knowledge and competences, which concerns firms, institutions and the territory as a whole (Territory which is defined as a Learning Region), - its cumulative character in firms, institutions and on a given territory, - its interactivity between individuals, firms, but also institutions,- its localization in cognitive communities. By analyzing innovation policies implemented in France over the last fifty years, it appeared that the Cortechs (Research Agreements for high-level technicians) proved unique in Alsace, as it integrated in its operation, the various characteristics we proposed above. However, we also observed that the Cortechs had evolved after it was launched in 1988. These positive assets were largely underlined. For some evolutions, following the results of our research, we proposed to improve the tool, a renewal device (or set up), mainly to support the training of technicians and employees of institutions, while insisting on the sharing of experience, best practices, thus in fine, the creation of knowledge and competences within cognitive communities. These communities become communities engaged in the processes of innovation of firms and public and private institutions, in a grid of networks within a territory
Pothet, Jessica. "Le soutien à la parentalité : élaboration institutionnelle, éclectisme de ses mises en oeuvre professionnelles, réception par ses publics". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH008/document.
Testo completoL'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais
Wu, Jianjun. "Le financement des PME et le soutien des pouvoirs publics : I'établissement d'un système de garantie de crédit en Chine". Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0070.
Testo completoInformation asymmetry and lack of collateral are two major reasons that prevent SMEs to access credit markets. Therefore, banks ration credit to SMEs. Given that the contribution of SMEs to economic growth, job creation and innovation, we try to prove the need of public intervention in favor of SMEs' access to bank credit. We analyze the market failure and the benefits of credit guarantee agency for resolution of information asymmetry and lack of collateral. The results show that the credit guarantee system, which is at the centre of the policy of intervention, is an effective way that can solve both problems encountered by SMEs. Thus, in the context of the difficult access of Chinese SMEs to bank credit, the intervention policy in favor of their financing is implemented in China since 1999. The Chinese credit guarantee system is compared with those of other countries to assess the Chinese system. We also carry out the comparison between the performance of the public credit guarantee agency and the commercial credit guarantee agency on taking the establishment of the credit guarantee system in Chengdu as an example
Alfano, Nicolas. "De l'autorité au soutien : rôles et usages des rôles dans le commandement en gendarmerie départementale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0595.
Testo completoThe Gendarmerie nationale is a military institution and one of the two French national police forces, with responsibilities regarding population security in rural and suburban areas. Due to public management reforms and several social movements, this institution is currently experiencing important changes in people management. As a result, the set of game rules that applies to command itself is subject to modifications. The gendarme condition – meaning the entire scale of rights, obligations and missions attached to the position – is evolving and traditional postures, based on disciplinary attitudes and availability standards, are weackened. This study focuses on the day-to-day work of officers in command positions and how these chiefs handle their new situation. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research process analyzes chief-work throught a set of roles, which are discused as means for action in a strategy-based approach. It shows how certain officers in command position choose to reshape the way they make use of their roles, adopting a support based posture rather than a more traditional authority based posture
Gibert, Romain. "Coopération en R&D et politiques publiques de soutien à l'innovation". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR054/document.
Testo completoObserving a lack of academic consensus about R&D public supports efficaciency, we focus on public R&D funding policies by considering R&D cooperation and proximity between firms and a public research sector. In a first way, we introduce how economic literature studies incentives to promote R&D efforts. In addition, we decide to illustrate our theorotical approach through french cluster policy called « politique des pôles de compétitivité ». In a second way, we develop an original theorotical modelisation able to evaluate the efficacity of three public instruments that promote R&D efforts and innovation : promote R&D cooperation, subsidizing private R&D sector and funding to public research sector. Our theorotical results lead us to make some recommandations to the policy makers. First, we conclude to an additionality effect of public policies on R&D efforts, that means we reject all crowding-out effect of public intervention. Moreover, we show that funding a public research sector (SPU policy) leads to better performance than the policy consisting to subsidize private R&D efforts (SPR policy) but only if the level of public spillovers is strong enough. Then, about the distribution of public fundings between public and private sector (SPM policy), we conclude that the proportion allocated to private sector always increases with the level of inter-firm spillovers and with the concentration of the industry if and only if the level of inter-firm spillovers is high enough. In the opposite, this proportion allocated to private sector decreases with the level of public knowledge externalities to the private sector, due to a closer proximity between public and private bodies, regardless of whether firms cooperate or not in R&D
Korzilius, Pierre. "Soutien public et programmation de musique contemporaine en France, en Allemagne, au Royaume-Uni et aux Etats-Unis". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0100.
Testo completoAlfano, Nicolas. "De l'autorité au soutien : rôles et usages des rôles dans le commandement en gendarmerie départementale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0595.
Testo completoThe Gendarmerie nationale is a military institution and one of the two French national police forces, with responsibilities regarding population security in rural and suburban areas. Due to public management reforms and several social movements, this institution is currently experiencing important changes in people management. As a result, the set of game rules that applies to command itself is subject to modifications. The gendarme condition – meaning the entire scale of rights, obligations and missions attached to the position – is evolving and traditional postures, based on disciplinary attitudes and availability standards, are weackened. This study focuses on the day-to-day work of officers in command positions and how these chiefs handle their new situation. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research process analyzes chief-work throught a set of roles, which are discused as means for action in a strategy-based approach. It shows how certain officers in command position choose to reshape the way they make use of their roles, adopting a support based posture rather than a more traditional authority based posture
Le, Cotty Tristan. "La coordination multilatérale des politiques agricoles en présence de biens non marchands". Montpellier SupAgro, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSAM0002.
Testo completoPiquée, Céline. "Gérer les inégalités de réussite à l'école primaire : public, modes de fonctionnement et efficacité pédagogique des dispositifs d'accompagnement scolaire". Dijon, 2001. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1f9550ee-ce7e-453d-b888-2e8446849604.
Testo completoZaitseva, Valériia. "Le harcèlement moral en milieu professionnel : le cas du service public hospitalier ukrainien". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF10491/document.
Testo completoThe main objective of this doctoral thesis is to clarify the existing relations between organisational factors and mobbing in the Ukrainian public sector so to formulate the prevention measures of psychological harassment in the organisational area. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first research that shed light into the psychological harassment as well as on its factors in Ukraine, where the legislation to that matter is inexistent. This thesis has also the ambition to test the impact of individual characteristics of the victim with psychological harassment. To that end, we conducted a research in three steps. Firstly, an analysis of 450 articles has been realised. The aim of that step was to grasp the main organisation factors that influence psychological harassment in a company environment using a precise definition: a minimal harassment length of at least 6 months and a notion of repeatability of the act weekly or monthly. It appeared that five types of factors contribute to the explanation of psychological harassment, namely: work organisation, leadership, the organisational culture and social climate, the compensation and benefit system and organisation changes. Secondly, we led a qualitative exploratory research aiming to refine the results of the literature review with elements that are specific to the Ukrainian area. Twelve semi-structured interviews have been conducted with medical specialists working in obstetrics hospitals located in Kharkiv (Ukraine). The goal of this step resulted in the construction of the research model. Finally, a confirmatory quantitative study helped us to test statistically correlations between fourteen organisational factors and three dimensions of mobbing. Mobbing has been measured through a behavioural method (NAQ, Einarsen et al., 1994). In order to measure the organisation variables, we structured our own survey by inspiring us from several measuring scales tested and validated in previous studies. The transcultural validation steps of one survey of Vallerand (1989) have been applied. Through this quantitative research, 243 participants have been surveyed. Among those, 35% are regular harassment victims during 6 months preceding the research. The analysis brings out that the fact of being a man increases the likelihood of being harassed. When it comes to organisational factors, it turns out that role conflict, work conflict, social support and decision authority are all major determinants in moral harassment in the Ukrainian context
Ciekanski, Maud. "L'accompagnement à l'autoformation en langue étrangère : contribution à l'analyse des pratiques professionnelles : étude des dimensions langagières et formatives des pratiques dites "de conseil" dans des systèmes d'apprentissage autodirigé en langue étrangère". Nancy 2, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc201/2005NAN21009_1.pdf.
Testo completoDevelopments in life-long learning, autonomy and ICT have given fresh impetus to the discussion of learning without teaching. This study concerns modifications to the relationship between learner and trainer which occur in self-directed schemes. In such schemes, the learners are responsible for their own learning, but they have the possibility of seing a resource person, called an advisor, to help them in their task. In order to delineate the nature of advising as a specific professional genre, the study focuses on the linguistic practices and guidance which characterize advising sessions, calling on a variety of disciplinary approaches. The research aims at identifying the defining features of guidance towards self-direction which is provided by the advisor and at examining the fundamental ideas on which they are based
Liu, Zeting. "L’évolution des politiques du soutien l’innovation dans les PME en France : le cas de l'Anvar". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0780/document.
Testo completoFrance, like other countries, seeks to promote its scientific excellence and to increase the competitiveness of its small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by taking full advantage of innovation to sustain economic growth and employment. In France as in other countries, there is no specific policy to support innovation in SMEs but both science and industrial research policies, especially for small businesses, and innovation policies, in which can be identified specific measures to promote technological development and innovation in SMEs. This study focuses on "how", in France, such public policies are defined and organized through different periods and it questions the effectiveness and impact of public interventions aimed at developing French SMEs’ innovation capacity. The study is divided in three parts, following a historical chronology corresponding to major stages of political evolution from the years 1960-1970 till now. These three analytical parts are enriched by a case analysis of the French National Agency for Valorisation of the Research (Anvar). At the end of this study, we suggest that France is now entering a critical phase in which structural reforms have to be undertaken in order to ensure French SMEs’ innovation and competitiveness
Doustaly, Cécile. "Le soutien public à l'art en Angleterre du XIXe siècle à la fin des années 1960 : de la démocratisation de la culture à la démocratie culturelle?" Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030151.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to trace the evolution of the discourse and the objectives for public support in the arts and to analyse the role played by other actors such as artists, trades unions, voluntary associations, think-tanks, the local and national press and the public. The artistic fields under study are the visual and the live arts which came to be funded after 1945 by the Arts Council. The source of this intervention is studied to understand the British model which administers the arts at arm’s length. This phd shows that the origins of today’s instrumentalisation in the arts to answer other policy objectives are more wide-ranging and older than is generally assumed by academic studies which overlook the fact that the evolution was not continuous. In 1945 the Arts Council was created to carry out government’s policy at arm’s length. Democratisation of the arts wasn’t necessarily a way to offer the right to culture, it was a means to an end : education, social cohesion or control were the targets of governmental intervention. The impact of this on the type of culture that was being subsidized deserves analysis, as well as the the ideal of cultural democracy based on an inclusion of popular and amateurs arts. Most of the democratisation agenda concentrated on support for the regions. Policies, depending on the period, prioritized the artists, the public or the arts. If Jennie Lee’s new Ministry for the Arts in 1965 was a golden age in the field, expectations for cultural democracy were not satisfied. The consequences of structural reform on the autonomy of the Arts Council appears in the gradual increase of instrumentalisation and politicization
Liu, Zeting. "L’évolution des politiques du soutien l’innovation dans les PME en France : le cas de l'Anvar". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0780.
Testo completoFrance, like other countries, seeks to promote its scientific excellence and to increase the competitiveness of its small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by taking full advantage of innovation to sustain economic growth and employment. In France as in other countries, there is no specific policy to support innovation in SMEs but both science and industrial research policies, especially for small businesses, and innovation policies, in which can be identified specific measures to promote technological development and innovation in SMEs. This study focuses on "how", in France, such public policies are defined and organized through different periods and it questions the effectiveness and impact of public interventions aimed at developing French SMEs’ innovation capacity. The study is divided in three parts, following a historical chronology corresponding to major stages of political evolution from the years 1960-1970 till now. These three analytical parts are enriched by a case analysis of the French National Agency for Valorisation of the Research (Anvar). At the end of this study, we suggest that France is now entering a critical phase in which structural reforms have to be undertaken in order to ensure French SMEs’ innovation and competitiveness
Mathieu, Ilinca. "La question du sens de l'action dans les opérations extérieures : décision politique, soutien public et motivation militaire dans le cadre de la participation française à la FIAS et à la FINUL renforcée". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10452.
Testo completoMany studies have determined that democracies perform better in war. Through our analysis of the relationship that links the pillars of today’s clasewitzian trinity – political leaders, people and soldiers – our study seeks to highlight the importance, to this regard, of defining the « meaning of the action ». In spite of a complex conceptualization, this object can be apprehended by analyzing the interactions of the three pillars, within the frame of a military intervention abroad. This interactional dynamic’s origin lies in the meaning given by the political discourse to the decision to use force. This political meaning leans on national interests (as perceived by policymakers), but also on public preferences (as perceived by policymakers), due to democratic constraint. Public support appears essential to underpin the political will during a conflict, but it also affects soldiers’ morale in the field. Secondly, our study thus seeks to analyse the components of the meaning given by soldiers to their mission,in order to determine to what extent an uncleared or blurred political meaning might affect public support and ultimately provoke a loss of meaning among the military. This multiscale approach aims to answer to the ultimate question of knowing why are we fighting, by deepening two case studies : the French Army contribution to ISAF (in Afghanistan) and UNIFIL II (in Lebanon). It can more broadly come within the framework of previous researchs studying strategic and battlefield effectiveness, by underlying that democracies might have a weakness in this regard
Langlois, Barbara. "Incitations économiques pour la régulation de la fourniturede bouquets de services écosystémiques dans les agroécosystèmes". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA010/document.
Testo completoAgroecosystems show a decline in regulating, non-marketed ecosystem services (ES). We interpret this decline through two economic concepts: public goods, which call for regulation, and joint production, which underlines the role of interactions among ecosystem services in their regulation.This thesis studies how to increase the provision of non-marketed ES through the implementation of economic incentives, while accounting for their multiplicity and the complex interactions among them.We first study the regulation of joint public goods with microeconomic theory. We then carry an applied analysis with simulated agroecological data and numerical methods to define cost-efficient solutions and simulate the implementation these solutions with economic incentives. We especially compare result-based and action-based incentives.We show theoretically that interactions among ES make their regulation more complex, especially with result-based incentives and when the production cost varies among bundles of ES. In the applied analysis, we show that accounting for the cost is crucial to maximise ES with a limited budget. We show that result-based incentives select cost-efficient bundles of ES but lead to higher policy budgets than action-based ones, due to interactions among ES. Eventually, we show that considering the landscape scale and heterogeneity plays on the solutions maximising ES, but not on the comparison between result-based and action-based incentives.Our results underline that agri-environmental policies need to target ES in a integrative way, at the farm or landscape scale, and consider the cost of providing non-marketed ES. Result-based incentives don’t solve all issues of agri-environmental policies
Codo, Sylvie. "Le stress professionnel des managers intermédiaires et des managers de proximité : une application au secteur public". Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR1010/document.
Testo completoThe objective of this research is to study the organizational and individual factors who affect manager’s stress in the public sector. The results reveal the role of age, type of organization and hierarchical level in stress perception. Then, the result confirm, on the one hand, the direct influence of role tension, perceived social support from superiors and subordinate and work engagement on perceived stress. They show, on the other hand, inequality of stress perception depending on the size of these variables. Finally, they reveal that the role of perceived stress attenuator attributed to perceived social support under role tensions is not fully validated. It plays this role only for the local managers and in some specific situations. The exacerbation of the role of perceived stress assigned to the emotion-focused coping strategy of self accusation under role tensions is partially verified among public managers
Avril, Sophie. "A multidisciplinary approach to the introduction of the solar photovoltaic technologies in the energy mix". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECAP0057.
Testo completoThe energetic issue is on the top of the political agenda in many countries, for environmental reasons, for its driving role in all the economic sectors, as well as for the energetic independency concerns. This problematic is stressed by the increasing weight of renewable intermittent power sources in the global energy mix. In particular, due to its high potential and the strong national policy support it beneficiated, solar photovoltaic energy is now a key player in the world energy mutation, and the way it is integrated into the global mix should be carefully performed. To deeply understand the way solar energy can penetrate and transform the forthcoming energy framework, we adopted a three-level strategy with an multidisciplinary approach to provide some answers to the following questions: i/ how can we situate the photovoltaic power role in future energy mixes?; ii/ due to its main drawback, intermittency, could we provide an optimal design of a system combining storage devices?; iii/ what is the efficiency of the incentive policies that are or have been implemented to accelerate its deployment?That is why, in a first chapter, the peculiar position of the solar photovoltaic energy in the energy mix is analyzed. After recalling the general issue of future global energetic mixes, we propose a brief description of the different photovoltaic technologies and their promising evolutions in terms of technical improvements and cost reductions. Then, we describe the fast growing photovoltaic market and its consequences both on the electricity mix and the industry sector.In the second chapter we investigate the issue of integrating such an intermittent energy in the electricity mix, by developing a multicriteria evaluation methodology and a multicriteria under constraint optimization tool which simulates a system composed of photovoltaic panels and storage devices. Applications on a real case in the Cirque de Mafate (L’île de la Réunion, France) are presented to illustrate the interest of our method.Finally, in chapter three, we question the efficiency of different public support policies to the photovoltaic technologies in the most relevant countries. We focus on correlating the installed power capacity with the spent public money and the electricity prices
Ndayirata, Serge. "L’influence des perceptions des pratiques de GRH et des facteurs de contexte organisationnel sur la fidélité des employés : cas des médecins du secteur public au Burundi". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30044/document.
Testo completoIn the context of the human resources for health crisis, the development of healthcare professionals’ loyalty is an important challenge for healthcare organizations in the Sub-Saharan African Region. To overcome the crisis, the existing researches have suggested the relevance of focusing on and developing adequate HR policies (Lucas, 2005). Thus, our study examines the influence that HRM practices perceptions and the organizational context’s factors might have on employees’ loyalty toward their organization. The social exchange theory (Blau, 1964) was mobilized and two studies were undertaken. First, 27 semi-structured interview were conducted in the qualitative phase and data were analyzed using NVIVO 11 software. A questionnaire was then designed and filled in by a sample of 225 physicians; data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 software. The main results reveal firstly, the existence of the direct positive effects of HRM practices on the perceived organizational support (POS) and on the perceived procedural justice, both affect positively the affective commitment and negatively the voluntary leaving intention. It can be concluded that the physician’s individual performance is neither associated with their perceived organizational support (POS) nor with their perceived procedural justice, at the other hand. The respondents indicate that internal organizational context’s factors (the satisfaction towards the hospital’s work equipment, the satisfaction towards the physical working environment) influence positively the perceived organizational support (1), are associated to their affective commitment and their voluntary leaving intention (2) and that the external context’s factors (the satisfaction towards the healthcare access of the population visiting public hospitals and the physicians’ satisfaction towards the socioeconomic living conditions) are associated to the voluntary leaving intention of the doctors (3). Finally, the tests of the indirect effects based on bootstrap analysis (Preacher & Hayes, 2008; Hayes, 2013) reveal that the effects the career management practices have on the affective commitment are mediated by the POS as well as by the perceived procedural justice (1) whereas the POS mediates the effects the reward practices and the internal organizational context’s factors have on the affective commitment and the voluntary leaving intention (2)
Ait, Belhoucine Mariam. "Evaluation des partenariats public-privé appliqués à la production cinématographique au Maroc entre 2004 et 2013". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA048/document.
Testo completoSince 2004, the Moroccan government launched public-private partnerships (PPP) to increase the number of film productions, and leverage up the corresponding budgets in the aim for higher film and media quality. Ten years later, the number of films produced has increased, yet the gross income has dropped down, along with the number of movie theaters. In regard to the listed outcomes, reviewing the projects selected to benefit from state financial support, as well as the film release campaigns, and consequently the work of the Moroccan Cinematographic Center (CCM), the state Agency in charge of the selection and financial support of film projects, became an urgent necessity. The present thesis aims to evaluate the films produced in partnership with the State, based on a SWOT analysis method.The commission in charge of the film selection for the PPP support is renewed every two years. The ministry of communication and culture based on different criteria appoints this commission’s members. Among these criteria are the political and ideological beliefs, which indirectly influence the choice of the theme and the movie project to pick and put up front for the PPP sponsorship program.A summary of the two years' period SWOT analysis for the selected films helps evaluate the commission’s work. A more in depth study over the past ten years, yields a synthesis of the SWOT results for each of the movie projects reviewed. This synthesis allowed questioning the criteria, and the process of selection used by the CCM and thus the quality of its work. The present thesis will consequently, investigate the effectiveness of this state agency and highlight the corrective actions implemented by the state to remediate to the actual situation, then conclude with the results of these actions.Evaluating the Strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of each and every film project as whole will certainly enable a better organization of the state funding, and thus help future productions success, making the funding purpose come true. Based on the study of several successful models in different countries, this thesis, suggests a new strategy to restructure the film support fund in Morocco, in order for a better commercial outcome of the film industry in Morocco
Kirsch, Alessandra. "Politique agricole commune, aides directes de l'agriculture et environnement : analyse en France, en Allemagne et au Royaume-Uni". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCG001/document.
Testo completoDoes the CAP direct payment distribution benefit to the most environmentally friendly farms? Following an environmental assessment state of the art, a set of environmental indicators has been created to rank farms on their potential environmental impacts using FADN datas. Then, these classes have been connected with the amounts of direct payments received. Results are processed on three types of farm (specialized in cereals and oilseeds, meat cows and milk cows). Associated with a comprehensive study of the reforms of the CAP since 1992, this empirical study allows to stand back on the consequences of the political decisions. It seems that if the 2nd pillar direct payments are directed in favour of the more environmental friendly farms, their weight remains too low compared with the aids of the 1st pillar, which are higher in the less virtuous farms. This is largely connected to the weight of the DPU in the direct payments, and to the French choice to base their calculation with regard to the history of the farm. That is why the simulations of the redistribution of the subsidies of the 1st pillar on horizon 2019 show that the rebalancing of these payments between the farms by a national harmonization will contribute to level the gap of 1st pillar direct payments by hectare between french farms. The comparison with the United Kingdom and Germany shows the effects of the subsidiarity, in particular during the decoupling: the harmonization of the decoupled payments allows the most environmental friendly farms to get higher direct payments per hectare
Fortin, Isabel. "Violence conjugale et détresse psychologique chez les jeunes couples : analyse de l'effet modérateur du soutien social". Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9771.
Testo completoYoung adults are more likely to experience intimate partner violence (IPV) than older adults but little is known about the effect of confiding to others about the sustained violence on their mental health. The objective of this study was to explore the links between IPV, help-seeking and psychological distress by gender in a sample of 233 young couples. Our findings indicate that for women, the frequency of sustained psychological violence, but not of physical violence, was positively associated to psychological distress and that for these women, seeking help from a greater number of confidents decreased the strength of the association between violence and their level of psychological distress. Secondly, for men, the frequency of physical and psychological violence were both positively linked to psychological distress but unlike women, the more people they talked to about the violence they have sustained, the greater their level of distress was.
Bendaoud, Maroine. "L’État-providence soutient qui et comment? Le logement des ménages à revenu modeste dans trois provinces canadiennes, 1975-2015". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19004.
Testo completoAlthough understudied, low-income housing policy in Canadian provinces have experienced fundamental shifts since the welfare state’s expansion during the post-war era. These shifts relate to who benefits from public monies and how these are spent. Such changes raise important questions for our understanding of the welfare state. This dissertation examines the policy similarity of low-income housing policy in British Columbia, Alberta and Quebec. The resemblance is particularly interesting after the federal government’s disengagement from the low-income housing domain in the mid-1990s. The policy similarity focuses around three fundamental shifts: 1) targeting of vulnerable citizens; 2) construction of new social/affordable housing units through third sector providers rather than government-owned public housing projects; 3) stronger use of private market instruments (housing allowance and rent supplement). How and why did the provinces decide to design similar housing policies? Yet the three provinces are known to have different approaches with regard to social policy. Starting with empirical material collected in archives and through interviews with policy elites, the analysis demonstrates that the three fundamental shifts in each province result from the interaction of two processes. The most important one is the puzzling process with its two learning mechanisms (social and instrumental). They can help us to understand that in a context of cost-containment, decision-makers have made the difficult choice to target the most vulnerable citizens following an equity principle, and to move away from the traditional public housing model for efficiency reasons. Public administrators in the three provinces have mostly financed non-profit housing owned by non-profit groups in the third sector and supported private market instruments. However, the puzzling process meets with the path dependence process and its two mechanisms (policy feedback and increasing returns) in the decision-making phase. Both of these mechanisms are useful to understand why subsidies to third sector groups and the use of housing allowances as well as rent supplements, which have started before the federal withdrawal, were pursued. Therefore the fundamental shifts with regard to policy instruments exhibit a certain form of continuity. In addition to the empirical contribution resulting from the study of three major provinces from the 1970s to the 2010s, the thesis develops an analytical framework around policy learning and the permanent search for the best use of scarce resources. This mechanismic framework furthers our understanding of government decision-making, between innovation and continuity forces, with the objective to maximize social welfare at the lowest possible cost for government. Based on welfare economics premises, this analytical framework relies on traditional cost-benefit evaluation seeking efficiency, but also integrates the normative aspect of equity.
Fournier, Aude. ""Se sentir vivant" : le regard d’aînés et d’auxiliaires familiaux et sociaux sur le soutien à domicile en contexte d’inégalités sociales". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4910.
Testo completoThis study aims to explore the elder’s home support, more narrowly the experience of people characterized as « in loss of autonomy » in a context where, on one hand, socioeconomic inequalities in this group are important, and, on the other hand, home support services tend toward a standardization and a commoditization. The concept of autonomy has been used to better apprehend the living conditions and the social relations that positively or negatively affect the wellbeing of elders at home, from their own perspective or from those of the visiting caregivers who work with them. The latter are generally mentioned in the literature has having a social and global perspective on the people they visit, as they are closely tied to them and intrude in their own living space. In the gerontology literature and in institutional documents, the dominant discourse related to wellbeing of the elderly (« successful aging » or, in French, « bien-vieillir ») is articulated around a functional conception of autonomy, depriving it of its more social and relational dimensions. This research has developed a social perspective on autonomy grounded in social sciences and based on authors such as Druhle, Sen, McAll, Honneth, Guillemard and Castoriadis. This conceptual framework relies on notions of recognition and social inequality and was used in analyzing our 10 semistructured interviews with caregivers and 14 more with elders receiving homecare. Each of the 10 caregivers were asked to relate their last three visits, adding up to a total of 30 case studies. At the crossroads of these narratives, the results of this research suggest that material and relational living conditions do have a decisive impact on elders’ possibility to « feel alive ». For those most disadvantaged and/or isolated, home support most often translates in situations of containment, of retention at home. With regards to relationships with caregivers, it appears that improvement of elders’ wellbeing receiving home support is related, among other things, to the creation of autonomous relational space where the person exists not only as a « body » with needs, but also as a « spirit ». Beyond the provided services, it is the kind of interaction (careful, mindful, respectful of habits, intentions and projects that fulfill the life of the assisted individuals), that occupies most of their narrative on home care services. According to the elders, from time to time, it seems that the health care system can have more significant positive impact by creating spaces propitious to collective autonomy and with marginal intervention.
Bussières, McNicoll Fannie. "L’impact de l’utilisation d’un budget de référence sur le niveau de générosité du soutien financier minimal dans les pays de l’OCDE". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19184.
Testo completoIn the last two decades, many academics have studied factors that have an impact on the generosity level of minimum income protection in OECD countries. Studies have shown, for example, that benefit generosity was positively linked with high GDP, a high level of centralisation of social assistance schemes, and the presence of universal social insurance programs. Likewise, in recent years, academics have shown a rising interest about the budgetary approach based on beneficiaries’ needs as a mean of determining the minimum social assistance benefit level. However, no important study has verified if the use of reference budgets for determining and adjusting social assistance benefits was correlated with a high or low benefits level. This correlation is what this paper attempts to ascertain. The main conclusion of this research is that the simple use of reference budgets is not directly linked with a high level of benefit generosity. However, if a state uses a budgetary model that allows to achieve a decent and reasonable standard of living, it is very probable that the generosity of assistance to the able-bodied poor will be high. The case of Quebec shows moreover that the use of a reference budget aiming to reach a minimum level of subsistence can contribute to a decrease of benefit generosity. The Swedish case, however, demonstrates that the use of a reference budget allowing a decent living standard and social participation has influenced positively the generosity of social assistance benefits. This study also shows that political and economic concerns and pressures have had important, and generally negative, impacts on the generosity level of social assistance benefits over time.
Leclerc, Bernard-Simon. "Facteurs de risque de chutes chez les aînés vivant dans la communauté et ayant recours aux services de soutien à domicile : covariables dépendantes du temps et événements récurrents". Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4286.
Testo completoFalls in the elderly represent a major problem. It is therefore not surprising that the identification of factors that may increase the risk of falls has received much attention. Frailer seniors who need support to live in the community remained nonetheless poorly documented, although more recently, the Québec authorities have given high priority to interventions that target this population. Risk factors for falls are usually identified by observational prospective studies. Their optimal identification is however complicated by the fact that exposure may vary during the follow-up, and that an individual may experience more than one event. Twenty years ago, some researchers attempted to sensitize their peers in this respect, but their efforts were vain. Researchers continue today to neglect these considerations and to use improper statistical techniques, focusing on the proportion of fallers or the time to first fall. In doing so, we discard a significant amount of relevant information. In this thesis, we review the existing methods and propose a Cox hazards extension. We apply it in the study of potential fall-risk factors associated with 959 community-dwelling seniors using home-care services. Finally, we compare the results of the proposed Wei, Lin, & Weissfeld (WLW) method with those of several other techniques, notably the conventional logistic regression, the pooled logistic regression, the negative binomial regression and the Andersen & Gill regression. At baseline and every six months thereafter, participants were visited at home in order to ascertain information about potential risk factors. Falls were monitored by use of a calendar and monthly phone calls. Baseline exposure variables and updated time-varying exposures include socio-demographic characteristics, BMI, nutritional risk, gait and balance, alcohol consumption, home hazards, and medications. Almost all (99.6%) of participants showed at least one high risk factor. Exposure to multiple risks was frequent, with an average of 2.7 different high-risk factors per participant. The risk factors significantly associated to the risk of falling include male sex, age, history of falling, Berg balance score, BMI, use of benzodiazepines, number of home hazards and residential facility for seniors. Results demonstrate that the usual methods of analyzing risk factors for falling (any sort of fall as well as those leading to medical consultations) are inappropriate, as they produce considerable biases relative to the WLW model using time-dependent covariates. Bias for the considered effect measures comes from the manner in which the observed data (both measured exposures and health outcomes) was measured and defined as well as the way in which the statistical analysis took into account this information. An additional part of the thesis was undertaken to identify risk profiles of subjects regarding the recurrence of falling, defined as participants who reported at least two falls within six months of initial assessment at entry in the study. A classification and regression tree analysis classified the population into five groups differing in risk of recurrent falling, based on history of falls in the three months prior to the initial interview, Berg balance score, type of housing, and usual alcohol consumption in the six months preceding study entry. The relative risks varied from 0.7 to 5.1. A subsequent survival analysis showed that the length of time before becoming a recurrent faller varies among risk profiles. This thesis discusses highly topical subjects about a target population and a fall-risk screening activity which are priorities in the public health sector in Québec. We encourage researchers interested in the identification of risk of falls among the elderly to use the statistical method of Wei, Lin and Weissfeld because it takes into account updated time-varying exposures and multiple events. More research will be necessary to determine the best screening test for a given risk-factor in this setting and population.
Beaudry, Marie-Pier. "Facteurs qui influencent l'intention de quitter d'infirmières praticiennes spécialisées en première ligne travaillant dans le réseau public de santé". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23989.
Testo completoProblematic: In recent years, several studies have outlined the obstacles faced by nurse practitioners (NP) in primary care in their daily practice. The lack of autonomy, the limited scope of practice and the lack of collaboration in care teams are factors that are highlighted in the studies as challenges faced by these nurses. Nurse practitioners in primary care in Quebec are no exception and their deployment has also been difficult for some. These obstacles can give to the NP the intention to leave their work and knowing the factors influencing this intention could therefore help to maintain these indispensable professionals in the health care system. Aim: Identify the factors that influence the intention to leave of NP in primary care working in the Quebec public health care system. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data collected between March and April 2017 using a self-administered questionnaire that lasts approximately 45 minutes. The sample for this study is composed of the 222 NP in primary care who participated. The factors influencing the intention to leave measured are: work rewards, condition of work environment, relationship and support from manager, organizational support and practices, relationships with co-workers, nurse characteristics and external factors. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple regression analyzes were used to meet the aim of the study. Findings: 23% of NP in primary care plan to leave their current establishment within the next three years (n=199), 2% thinks about leaving their profession (n=198) and 10% are thinking about leaving the public health care system in favor of a private organization (n=196). These results are comparable to those obtained by a study published in 2011 where 27.2% of nurse practitioners were thinking about leaving their jobs and 5.5% of them were thinking about leaving the nursing profession (n=254). The factors associated with the intent to leave of the NP in primary care are: the decrease of their salary compared to the net salary before being NP and the lack of flexibility in the work schedules compared to the possibility of having flexibles schedules. Also, the decrease of collaboration with others health professionals and doctors is associated with an increase in the intention to leave. Conclusion: These new informations could assist managers in the development of retention strategies to maintain primary care NP in workplace.
Guertin-Armstrong, Simon. "L’analyse économique des changements climatiques : débat expert, couverture médiatique et influence sur l’opinion publique". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21779.
Testo completo