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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 21 dicembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

1

Zaheer, Muhammad, Hadayat Ullah, Saad Ahmed Mashwani, Ehsan ul Haq, Syed Husnain Ali Shah e Fawaz Manzoor. "SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODELLING IN LOW-PERMEABILITY HOMOGENEOUS AND SATURATED SOIL MEDIA". Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, n. 2 (2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.2.3.

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Fickian and non-Fickian behaviors were often detected for contaminant transport activity owed to the preferential flow and heterogeneity of soil media. Therefore, using diverse methods to measure such composite solute transport in soil media has become an important research topic for solute transport modeling in soil media. In this article, the continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model was applied to illustrate the relative concentration of transport in low-permeability homogeneous and saturated soil media. The solute transport development was also demonstrated with the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and Two Region Model (TRM) for comparison. CXTFIT 2.1 software was used for CDE and TRM, and CTRW Matlab Toolbox v.3.1 for the CTRW simulation of the breakthrough curve. It was found that higher values of determination coefficient (R2) and lower values of root mean square error (RMSE) concerning the best fits of CDE, TRM, and CTRW. It was found that in the comparison of CDE, TRM, and CTRW, we tend to use CTRW to describe the transport behavior well because there are prevailing Fickian and non-Fickian transport. The CTRW gives better fitting results to the breakthrough curves (BTCs) when β has an increasing pattern towards 2.00. In this study, the variation of parameters in three methods was investigated and results showed that the CTRW modeling approach is more effective to determine non-reactive contaminants concentration in low-permeability soil media at small depths.

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2

Applegate, David, e Pete Appleyard. "Capability for Hydrogeochemical Modelling within Discrete Fracture Networks". Energies 15, n. 17 (26 agosto 2022): 6199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176199.

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A new method for simulating solute transport and geochemical interactions within fractured rock is presented. This will be an important capability for assessing the safety of radioactive waste disposal facilities that are located within fractured crystalline bedrock. Specifically, the discrete fracture network (DFN) module within the ConnectFlow groundwater flow and transport software has been updated to: (i) simulate the advection and diffusion of more than one solute species (with the flow and transport equations coupled by the evolving density and viscosity); (ii) model the diffusion of solutes into the rock matrix between fractures; and (iii) utilise the iPhreeqc library to model chemical reactions involving solutes, minerals on fracture/pore surfaces and rock minerals. The performance of ConnectFlow’s DFN module has also been significantly improved via parallelisation which allows more complex calculations to be attempted. These developments are significant because hydrogeochemistry within fractured rock is more accurately represented in an explicit DFN, rather than using more approximate equivalent continuous porous medium (ECPM) methods. Illustrative calculations have been completed for the disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel at Olkiluoto in Finland, and the former candidate site for spent fuel disposal, Laxemar, in Sweden. These calculations show that DFN simulations provide results that are qualitatively similar to results from ECPM calculations. However, because the ECPM is a less direct approach, notable differences exist when compared to the DFN approach.

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3

Bonanno, Enrico, Günter Blöschl e Julian Klaus. "Exploring tracer information in a small stream to improve parameter identifiability and enhance the process interpretation in transient storage models". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 26, n. 23 (2 dicembre 2022): 6003–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6003-2022.

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Abstract. The transport of solutes in river networks is controlled by the interplay of processes such as in-stream solute transport and the exchange of water between the stream channel and dead zones, in-stream sediments, and adjacent groundwater bodies. Transient storage models (TSMs) are a powerful tool for testing hypotheses related to solute transport in streams. However, model parameters often do not show a univocal increase in model performances in a certain parameter range (i.e. they are non-identifiable), leading to an unclear understanding of the processes controlling solute transport in streams. In this study, we increased parameter identifiability in a set of tracer breakthrough experiments by combining global identifiability analysis and dynamic identifiability analysis in an iterative approach. We compared our results to inverse modelling approaches (OTIS-P) and the commonly used random sampling approach for TSMs (OTIS-MCAT). Compared to OTIS-P, our results informed about the identifiability of model parameters in the entire feasible parameter range. Our approach clearly improved parameter identifiability compared to the standard OTIS-MCAT application, due to the progressive reduction of the investigated parameter range with model iteration. Non-identifiable results led to solute retention times in the storage zone and the exchange flow with the storage zone with differences of up to 4 and 2 orders of magnitude compared to results with identifiable model parameters respectively. The clear differences in the transport metrics between results obtained from our proposed approach and results from the classic random sampling approach also resulted in contrasting interpretations of the hydrologic processes controlling solute transport in a headwater stream in western Luxembourg. Thus, our outcomes point to the risks of interpreting TSM results when even one of the model parameters is non-identifiable. Our results showed that coupling global identifiability analysis with dynamic identifiability analysis in an iterative approach clearly increased parameter identifiability in random sampling approaches for TSMs. Compared to the commonly used random sampling approach and inverse modelling results, our analysis was effective at obtaining higher accuracy of the evaluated solute transport metrics, which is advancing our understanding of hydrological processes that control in-stream solute transport.

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4

Van Rooy, Dirk. "Stochastic Modelling of a Contaminated Aquifer". Hydrology Research 17, n. 4-5 (1 agosto 1986): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1986.0023.

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A stochastic solute transport model is applied to a groundwater contamination case. The contamination is caused by leachate from an unprotected landfill situated in a highly-permeable unconfined aquifer. The stochastic model combines the geostatistical techniques of semivariogram analysis and kriging with a numerical solute transport model. A Monte Carlo approach that utilizes the turning bands technique to genereate transmissivity fields is used. Here some preliminary results of the unconditional stochastic simulations are presented. The contaminant plume is characterized by expected concentrations of chloride and standard deviations.

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5

Li, L., D. A. Barry e K. J. L. Stone. "Centrifugal modelling of nonsorbing, nonequilibrium solute transport in a locally inhomogeneous soil". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, n. 4 (1 agosto 1994): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-056.

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This paper presents results of centrifugal modelling of physical nonequilibrium transport of nonsorbing solute in a locally inhomogeneous soil. Mathematical modelling of this class of transport process is restricted by the difficulties in determining the model parameters. The modelling results suggest that physical modelling on a geotechnical centrifuge may offer another approach to tackle this problem under certain conditions. Key words : tracer transport, centrifuge, physical modelling, heterogeneous soil, two-region model, scaling.

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6

., A. A. Siyal, A. G. Siyal . e Z. A. Abro . "Modelling of Solute Transport from Single Soil Aggregate". Journal of Applied Sciences 2, n. 4 (15 marzo 2002): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2002.470.473.

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7

GEENS, J., K. BOUSSU, C. VANDECASTEELE e B. VANDERBRUGGEN. "Modelling of solute transport in non-aqueous nanofiltration". Journal of Membrane Science 281, n. 1-2 (15 settembre 2006): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.03.028.

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8

Kulasekera, Priyantha B., e Gary W. Parkin. "Influence of the shape of inter-horizon boundary and size of soil tongues on preferential flow under shallow groundwater conditions: A simulation study". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 91, n. 2 (maggio 2011): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss10079.

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Kulasekera, P. B. and Parkin, G. W. 2011. Influence of the shape of inter-horizon boundary and size of soil tongues on preferential flow under shallow groundwater conditions: A simulation study. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 211–221. Detailed studies of the impact of soil tongues at soil horizon interfaces are very important in understanding preferential flow processes through layered soils and in improving the accuracy of models predicting water and solute transport through the vadose zone. The implication of having soil tongues of different shapes and sizes created at the soil horizon interface on solute transport through a layered soil horizon was studied by simulating water and solute transport using the VS2DI model. This 2-D simulation study reconfirmed that soil tongues facilitate preferential flow, and the level of activeness of tongues may depend on the number of soil tongues, their spacing and distribution. Also, the size of the soil tongues (length and diameter at the interface between the soil horizons) and their shape influence the rate of preferential flow. Increasing tongue length consistently resulted in an increase in solute velocity across the entire soil profile regardless of the tongue shape; for example, a soil tongue of 0.25 m length increased solute velocity by about 1.5 times over a soil profile without tongues, but this increase might be different for soil types and groundwater conditions other than those considered in this study. Narrowing of tongues increased solute velocity, whereas increasing the number of tongues in a wider soil profile decreased the solute-front's velocity. As tongue length increased, the area containing solutes at prescribed elapsed times decreased. An implication of this study is that soil horizon tongue shape and spacing reduce pollutant residence times, hence inter-horizon boundary morphology should be considered when modelling transport through the vadose zone. As well, since the solute velocity behaviours of a triangular- and a wider rectangular-shaped tongue were nearly identical, simply measuring solute velocity in the field will reveal little information on the shape of a soil tongue.

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9

Moradi, G., e B. Mehdinejadiani. "Modelling solute transport in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media using spatial fractional advection-dispersion equation". Soil and Water Research 13, No. 1 (24 gennaio 2018): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/245/2016-swr.

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This paper compared the abilities of advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and spatial fractional advection-dispersion equation (sFADE) to describe the migration of a non-reactive contaminant in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils. To this end, laboratory tests were conducted in a sandbox sizing 2.5 × 0.1 × 0.6 m (length × width × height). After performing a parametric sensitivity analysis, parameters of sFADE and ADE were individually estimated using the inverse problem method at each distance. The dependency of estimated parameters on distance was examined. The estimated parameters at 30 cm were used to predict breakthrough curves (BTCs) at subsequent distances. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that average pore-water velocity and dispersion coefficient were, respectively, the most and least sensitive parameters in both mathematical models. The values of fractional differentiation orders (α) for sFADE were smaller than 2 in both soils. The scale-dependency of the dispersion coefficients of ADE and sFADE was observed in both soils. However, the application of sFADE to describe solute transport reduced the scale effect on the dispersion coefficient, especially in the heterogeneous soil. For the homogeneous soil, the predicting results of ADE and sFADE were nearly similar, while for the heterogeneous soil, the predicting results of sFADE were more satisfactory in comparison with those of ADE, especially when the transport distance increased. Compared to ADE, the sFADE simulated somewhat better the tailing parts of BTCs and showed the earlier arrival of tracer. Overall, the solute transport, especially in the heterogeneous soil, was non-Fickian and the sFADE somewhat better described non-Fickian transport.

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10

Sternagel, Alexander, Ralf Loritz, Wolfgang Wilcke e Erwin Zehe. "Simulating preferential soil water flow and tracer transport using the Lagrangian Soil Water and Solute Transport Model". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, n. 10 (22 ottobre 2019): 4249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4249-2019.

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Abstract. We propose an alternative model concept to represent rainfall-driven soil water dynamics and especially preferential water flow and solute transport in the vadose zone. Our LAST-Model (Lagrangian Soil Water and Solute Transport) is based on a Lagrangian perspective of the movement of water particles (Zehe and Jackisch, 2016) carrying a solute mass through the subsurface which is separated into a soil matrix domain and a preferential flow domain. The preferential flow domain relies on observable field data like the average number of macropores of a given diameter, their hydraulic properties and their vertical length distribution. These data may be derived either from field observations or by inverse modelling using tracer data. Parameterization of the soil matrix domain requires soil hydraulic functions which determine the parameters of the water particle movement and particularly the distribution of flow velocities in different pore sizes. Infiltration into the matrix and the macropores depends on their respective moisture state, and subsequently macropores are gradually filled. Macropores and matrix interact through diffusive mixing of water and solutes between the two flow domains, which again depends on their water content and matric potential at the considered depths. The LAST-Model is evaluated using tracer profiles and macropore data obtained at four different study sites in the Weiherbach catchment in southern Germany and additionally compared against simulations using HYDRUS 1-D as a benchmark model. While both models show qual performance at two matrix-flow-dominated sites, simulations with LAST are in better accordance with the fingerprints of preferential flow at the two other sites compared to HYDRUS 1-D. These findings generally corroborate the feasibility of the model concept and particularly the implemented representation of macropore flow and macropore–matrix exchange. We thus conclude that the LAST-Model approach provides a useful and alternative framework for (a) simulating rainfall-driven soil water and solute dynamics and fingerprints of preferential flow as well as (b) linking model approaches and field experiments. We also suggest that the Lagrangian perspective offers promising opportunities to quantify water ages and to evaluate travel and residence times of water and solutes by a simple age tagging of particles entering and leaving the model domain.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

1

Mollee, Thomas. "Mathematical modelling of solute transport through stratum corneum /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18923.pdf.

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2

Kettle, Helen Rosalind. "Modelling solute dispersion in natural channels using fuzzy exchanges". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250615.

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3

Osei-Twumasi, Anthony. "Integrated modelling studies of solute transport in river basin systems". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54991/.

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Surface water and groundwater systems are linked dynamically in reality as the one generally impacts directly on the other. Traditionally, however, these two water bodies have more often than not been treated as different entities by water managers and other professionals. The issue of the compartmentality of these two resources is the main focus of the study described herein. In this study, an existing 1D-2D hydro-environmental surface water model that includes a groundwater model (DIVAST-SG) has been extended to 2-D and refined through testing against three laboratory studies. A surface water-groundwater system model using foam to replicate groundwater material was created in the laboratory and the results of the hydrodynamic processes (i.e. water elevations and flowpaths) were compared with the numerical model predictions. On the whole the comparisons showed good agreement. However, dye studies for replicating pollutant transport did not show such good agreement and this discrepancy was thought to be due to a number of reasons. In the second series of studies, the groundwater material was then replaced with the more traditional sand embankment and again results for both hydrodynamic and solute transport processes (by way of dye studies) from the laboratory set up were compared with the numerical predictions which were in almost perfect agreement. In the same tidal basin, a Severn Estuary model was then designed and set up. Although there were differences from the prototype owing to space and scaling difficulties, the results showed good agreement for both tidal amplitudes and tidal currents with the predictions from the numerical model and particularly the tidal amplitudes were found to compare favourably with field studies. Tracer results from the physical model also showed consistency with simulations from previous researchers in the main estuary. Overall, the purpose of this study, which was to investigate the manner in which flow and solute (conservative tracer) fluxes interacted between surface and sub-surface flows, for simulated riverine and tidal conditions, has been achieved. These experiments and the corresponding datasets are thought to be unique.

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4

Amarah, Ali Ahmed Amarah. "Mathematical modelling of solute transport across stratum corneum: A compartmental approach". Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/402246.

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According to published statistics regarding pharmaceutical industries, there has been a significant increase in the demand for cosmetics and skincare products. As a result, there has also been an increase in interest by researchers to conduct experimental and theoretical studies on these industries. The outermost layer of the skin, which is the stratum corneum, plays a key role in determining the skin permeability. This layer represents the first and main barrier against dehydration and screening from external elements and pathogens. Research efforts have been made to better understand skin permeability. Experimental methodologies play a key role in pharmaceutical and dermatology studies. However, ethical standards of using animal and human models in in-vitro permeability studies are very strict in their admission process and approval time. Furthermore, the lack of available material and financial resources for setting up, operating and repeating experiments has also limited the required progress. These problems can be addressed by developing better mathematical models on skin permeability. Progress, regarding the mathematical modelling of solute transport in skin, has been achieved in the last decades. The mathematical modelling strategy is used as a skin permeability predictor tool based on common physicochemical properties of the skin and penetrated solute molecules. Many factors play an important role in the formulation of a mathematical model and in determining how reliable the predicted results are. Therefore, the more skin physiological details are included in the model, the more computational efforts are required to interpret the solute permeation mechanisms in the dermal region and simulate a drug transport in the transdermal administration. The mathematical complexities associated with formulating a mathematical model of drug transport in skin significantly limit the utilities of such models in practice. Thus, a balance between the model’s complexity and how realistic it is in describing the solute transport processes in skin has to be achieved. Therefore, a mathematical model formulated on principles familiar to the pharmaceutical scientific community could be of value. In this thesis, we have developed a novel mathematical model using a compartmental approach. The proposed model enables for simulating solute transport across the stratum corneum (SC) in a variety of exposure scenarios in percutaneous drug delivery systems. The obtained results were compared with the diffusion model outcomes – which can be considered the current ‘golden standard’ for modelling skin transport – and showed a good agreement. The mathematical foundations of the model are relatively simple and better aligned with the physiology of the stratum corneum. In addition, this work shows that performing a numerical simulation using the compartmental model is less demanding than using the diffusing model, especially for complex exposure scenarios, and can be performed using free software, such as Python. The research findings of this thesis contribute towards a better understanding of transport phenomena across the skin. Also, the compartmental model proposed in this work can be used to describe transport phenomena in the membrane. Due to the similarity between the governing equations of diffusion and heat transfer, the proposed approach also offers a mathematical framework for studying heat transfer problems in biomaterials with minimum model development or computational efforts.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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5

Jackson, Bethanna Marie. "Modelling water and solute transport within vegetated soils using a stochastic framework". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/1287.

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Models predicting the fate of water and dissolved chemicals in vegetated soils are required for a wide range of applications. Substantial uncertainty is present due to measurement errors, parametric uncertainty, and structural issues related to model con- ceptualisation. Due to the costs and intrusiveness of subsurface measurements there are limited datasets available to interrogate models against. Furthermore, the models are typically computationally intensive, making it di±cult to fully explore parametric and other uncertainty spaces. Hence there are two pressing needs which must be met to improve the utility of models: more data and constraints are required to quantify the impacts of uncertainty, and e±cient methodologies to explore sensitivities and uncer- tainties are also needed. This dissertation presents and applies a stochastic framework addressing the above concerns. Approaches and underlying assumptions to modelling water °ow and solute transport within soils and plants are examined, and two ex- isting models extended. The problem of uncertainty is investigated, and appropriate approaches suggested. Monte-Carlo techniques, including Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, are developed for application to the models, and tested using a comprehen- sive hydrological and radiological dataset from a plot-scale lysimeter experiment. The integrity of the experimental data is examined. Sensitivity analysis and calibration of the hydrological and radiological data sets is performed, with the ability of the model and framework to recover parameters interrogated. Structural uncertainty and e®ects of erroneous inputs are discussed. Results demonstrate the power of the methods to generate insights into process response and quantify uncertainties. The e±ciency of Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques is demonstrated, but the advantages of retain- ing simple set search methodologies are also clear. Consideration of model structure also signi¯cantly reduces the uncertain parametric space. However, despite the unusu- ally comprehensive experimental dataset, major issues of uncertainty remain, of which data issues are a dominant component.

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6

Diiwu, John Yaw. "Transfer function modelling of drainage and solute transport through layered macroporous soil". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ27449.pdf.

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7

Xu, Linlin. "Modelling solute transport in porous media with spatially variable multiple reaction processes". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187262.

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In this dissertation, a new numerical method is developed for the simulation of nonideal solute transport in porous media, and a first order semi-analytical solution is derived for solute transport in porous media with spatially variable multiple reaction processes. The Laplace transform is used to eliminate the time dependency and the transformed transport equations are solved both numerically and analytically. The transport solution is ultimately recovered by an efficient quotient-difference inversion algorithm. By introducing complex-valued artificial dispersion in the weighting functions, characteristics of transport solutions have been successfully addressed. The optimum of the complex-valued artificial dispersion has been derived for one dimensional problems. In multidimensional cases, the streamline upwind scheme is modified by adding complex-valued artificial dispersion along the streamline. Within this numerical scheme, the grid orientation problems have been successfully treated. The limitations on the cell Peclet number and on the Courant number were greatly relaxed. Both one dimensional and two dimensional numerical examples are used to illustrate applications of this technique. The analysis has been made for solute transport in systems with spatially variable multiple reaction processes. Specific reaction processes include reversible sorption and irreversible transformations (such as radioactive decay, hydrolysis reactions with fixed pH, and biodegradation). With the assumptions of solute transport in a system with constant hydraulic conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersion and spatially variable multiple reaction processes, a first-order semi-analytical solution is derived for an arbitrary autocovariance function, which characterizes the spatial variation of the multiple reaction processes. Results indicate that spatial variation of the transformation constants for the solution phase and the sorbed phase decreases the global rate of mass loss and enhances solute transport. If the transformation constant for the sorbed phase is spatially uniform but not zero, a similar effect is observed when there is spatial variation of the equilibrium sorption coefficient. The global rate of mass loss and apparent retardation are decreased when the spatial variability of the sorbed-phase transformation constant is positively correlated with the spatial variability of the equilibrium sorption coefficient, and increased for a negative correlation. Spatial variation of the sorption rate coefficient had minimal effect on transport.

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8

Mousavi, Nezhad Mohaddeseh. "Stochastic finite element modelling of flow and solute transport in dual domain system". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/111704.

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Hydrological processes are greatly influenced by the characteristics of the domain through which the process occurs. It is generally accepted that earth materials have extreme variations from point to point in space. Consequently this heterogeneity results in high variation in hydraulic properties of soil. In order to develop a reliable predictive model for transport processes in soil, the effects of this variability must be considered. Soil heterogeneity due to presence of macropores (micro-) and to spatial variability in hydraulic properties (macro-heterogeneity) coexists in the real field conditions. The challenge is to incorporate the effects of both types of soil heterogeneity in simulation models. This thesis presents development and application of a 2D/3D numerical model for simulation of advection and diffusion-dispersion contaminant transport considering both types of soil heterogeneity. Stochastic finite element approach is used to incorporate the effects of the spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties on contaminant fate. The soil micro heterogeneity effects are modelled with a dual domain concept in which a first order kinetic expression is used to describe the transfer of the solute between the two domains. Also, the capability of the model in 3D simulation of field problems improves the accuracy of the results, since it is possible to avoid the generally applied assumption in 2D simulations. From comparison of the model results with experimental and analytical results, it is concluded that the model performs well in predicting contaminant fate and the incorporation of the both types of micro- and macro- heterogeneity in the simulation models improves the accuracy of the prediction. Also, capability of the model in evaluation of the concentration variation coefficient as an index of reliability of the model outputs makes it possible to estimate a probable interval (mean concentration minus and plus standard deviation) for the range of oscillations of possible realizations of solute distribution. Moreover, comparison of the results of the proposed method with the results obtained using the Monte Carlo approach yields a pronounced reduction in the computation cost while resulting in virtually the same response variability as the Monte Carlo technique.

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9

Woollard, Hannah. "Multi-scale modelling of solute transport and uptake in a wavy-walled channel". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495584.

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The small intestine is the foremost site of nutrient absorption in the body. Although many attempts have been made at modelhng absorption through the small intestine, few account explicitly for its small-scale geometry. In this thesis we consider a model of the small intestine as a wavy-walled channel, where the wavelength and amplitude of the waves are comparable to each other but are small in relation to the channel width.

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10

Bennett, Jeremy [Verfasser], e Olaf [Akademischer Betreuer] Cirpka. "Applying fluvial depositional concepts in solute transport modelling / Jeremy Bennett ; Betreuer: Olaf Cirpka". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1168904692/34.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

1

David, Burton. Modelling of solute and sediment transport in the Ribble estuary. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1995.

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2

Falconer, Roger Alexander. Modelling of flow and solute transport in coastal, estuarine and inland waters. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1991.

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3

Nakka, B. W. A particle-tracking code (TRACK3D) for convective solute transport modelling in the geosphere: Description and user's manual. Pinawa, Manitoba: Whiteshell Laboratories, 1994.

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4

Solute transport modelling: An introduction to models and solution strategies. Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, 2005.

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5

Stachowska-Pietka, Joanna, Jacek Waniewski e Bengt Lindholm. Peritoneal dialysis. A cura di Jonathan Himmelfarb. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0264.

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The principles of peritoneal dialysis are based on the physiological processes and their driving forces which permit the exchange of water (by ultrafiltration and fluid absorption) and solutes (by diffusion and convective transport) between the peritoneal microvasculature and the dialysate. In peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneal transport system—mesenchymal cells, interstitium, microvasculature, and lymphatics—is repeatedly exposed to high concentrations of an osmotic agent, and a volume load, leading to increased intraperitoneal hydrostatic and osmotic pressure. This results in immediate as well as long-term structural and functional changes of the peritoneal transport system. Clinical tests supplemented with mathematical modelling have been developed to monitor the quantitative characteristics of the peritoneal transport system, allowing detection and diagnosis of various problems and guidance when predicting consequences of changes in prescription.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

1

Loiskandl, Willibald. "Modelling Approaches for Water Flow and Solute Transport through a Porous Medium". In Process Modelling, 457–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60120-0_31.

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2

Uffink, Gerard J. M. "Modeling of Solute Transport with the Random Walk Method". In Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling, 247–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2889-3_16.

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3

Benson, K. D., e R. J. Mitchell. "Physical and numerical modelling of solute transport in unsaturated soils". In Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 349–54. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203743362-64.

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4

Novák, Viliam, e Hana Hlaváčiková. "Modelling of Water Flow and Solute Transport in Soil". In Applied Soil Hydrology, 319–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01806-1_21.

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5

Ghabaee, Khalil, David M. Burley e Charles D. Curtis. "Mathematical Modelling of Solute Transport Affected by Subsurface Geochemical Reactions". In Computational Methods in Water Resources X, 629–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9204-3_77.

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6

Guymer, I., C. A. M. E. Wilson e J. B. Boxall. "Modelling Solute Transport Processes in Free Surface Flow CFD Schemes". In Computational Fluid Dynamics, 51–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470015195.ch3.

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7

Surinaidu, L., V. V. S. Gurunadha Rao e Y. R. Satyaji Rao. "Hydrogeophysics and Numerical Solute Transport Modelling Techniques for Environmental Impact Assessment". In Water Resources and Environmental Engineering I, 157–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2044-6_14.

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8

Carrera, Jesus. "State of the Art of the Inverse Problem Applied to the Flow and Solute Transport Equations". In Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling, 549–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2889-3_31.

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9

Roth, Kurt, Hannes Flühler e Werner Attinger. "Transport of a Conservative Tracer Under Field Conditions: Qualitative Modelling with Random Walk in a Double Porous Medium". In Field-Scale Water and Solute Flux in Soils, 239–49. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9264-3_22.

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10

Severino, Gerardo, Alessandro Santini e Valeria Marina Monetti. "Modelling Water Flow water flow and Solute Transport in Heterogeneous Unsaturated Porous Media". In Springer Optimization and Its Applications, 361–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75181-8_17.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Solute transport modelling"

1

Pasculescu, Vlad Mihai, Marius Cornel Suvar, Marius Simion Morar, Laurentiu Munteanu e Zoltan Vass. "ADDRESSING HYDROGEN SAFETY INSIGHTS AND CHALLENGES BY MEANS OF SOFTWARE TOOLS". In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 11–18. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/2.1/s07.02.

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Abstract (sommario):

Hydrogen is gaining popularity as a fuel source for more and more fields around the globe. The use of hydrogen for transport represents one of the important applications of this chemical substance, in this sense the development of infrastructures, but especially the safety of hydrogen filling stations representing an important element. Using hydrogen to power transportation can reduce harmful ozone-depleting emissions while improving air quality. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles can help improve air quality and solve climate challenges. After all, the only substance that escapes through the tailpipe of a fuel cell vehicle is water. One of the major disadvantages of using hydrogen to fuel vehicles is the high risk of explosion (between 4 and 75% hydrogen mixed with air). Both technical and organizational measures must be taken to prevent and protect against explosions. Technological progress and the development of knowledge in the field of explosion protection have made it possible to develop software tools, open-source and commercial, that can analyze the hazards and adverse consequences that explosion-type events can have. This study presents the applicability of such a software tool, for modeling the hypothetical discharges of untimely hydrogen discharges within a vehicle fueling station, as well as the consequence modelling of such an undesired event.

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2

Dominijanni, Andrea, e Mario Manassero. "Modelling Osmosis and Solute Transport through Clay Membrane Barriers". In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40789(168)19.

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3

"Dispersion in solute transport models: concepts and limitations in simple models". In 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2017.l21.cook2.

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4

"Determination of solute transport parameters for remediation of hydrocarbons from ground water in Antarctica". In 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2011.i1.arora.

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5

Kesserwani, Georges, Xitong Sun e Virginia Stovin. "Hydrodynamic Modelling of Solute Transport Past Rigid Vegetation on the Graphics Processing Unit". In 15th International Conference on Hydroinformatics. Spain, Madrid: The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/iahr-hic2483430201-321.

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6

Siegel, Donald, Edward Hinchey e Hyeong M. Shin. "ONE-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODELLING REVISITED: AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO BROADLY CHARACTERIZE PFAS TRANSPORT THROUGH SOILS TO THE WATER-TABLE". In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-352150.

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7

Kwong, S., e J. Small. "Reactive Transport Modelling of the Interaction of Fission Product Ground Contamination With Alkaline and Cementitious Leachates". In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7334.

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Abstract (sommario):

The fission products Cs-137 and Sr-90 are amongst the most common radionuclides occurring in ground contamination at the UK civil nuclear sites. Such contamination is often associated with alkaline liquids and the mobility of these fission products may be affected by these chemical conditions. Similar geochemical effects may also result from cementitious leachate associated with building foundations and the use of grouts to remediate ground contamination. The behaviour of fission products in these scenarios is a complex interaction of hydrogeological and geochemical processes. A suite of modelling tools have been developed to investigate the behaviour of a radioactive plume containing Cs and Sr. Firstly the effects of sorption due to cementitious groundwater is modelled using PHREEQC. This chemical model is then incorporated into PHAST for the 3-D reactive solute transport modeling. Results are presented for a generic scenario including features and processes that are likely to be relevant to a number of civil UK nuclear sites. Initial results show that modelling can be a very cost-effective means to study the complex hydrogeological and geochemical processes involved. Modelling can help predict the mobility of contaminants in a range of site end point scenarios, and in assessing the consequences of decommissioning activities.

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8

Rule, Toby D., Ben Q. Li e Kelvin G. Lynn. "Modelling of Convective Melt Flow and Interface Shape in Commercial Bridgman-Stockbarger Growth of CdZnTe". In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1587.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract CdZnTe single crystals for radiation detector and IR substrate applications must be of high quality and controlled purity. The growth of such crystals from a melt is very difficult due to the low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of the material, and the ease with which dislocations, twins and precipitates are introduced during crystal growth. These defects may be related to solute transport phenomena and thermal stresses associated with the solidification process. As a result, production of high quality material requires excellent thermal control during the entire growth process. A comprehensive model is being developed to account for radiation and conduction within the furnace, thermal coupling between the furnace and growth crucible, and finally the thermal stress fields within the growing crystal which result from the thermal conditions imposed on the crucible. As part of this effort, the present work examines the heat transfer and fluid flow within the crucible, using thermal boundary conditions obtained from experimental measurements. The 2-D axisymetric numerical model uses the deforming finite element method, with allowance made for melt convection, solidification with latent heat release and conjugate heat transfer between the solid material and the melt. Results are presented for several stages of growth, including a time-history of the solid-liquid interface (1365 K isotherm). The impact of melt convection, thermal end conditions and furnace temperature gradient on the growth interface is evaluated. Future work will extend the present model to include radiation exchange within the furnace, and a transient analysis for studying solute transport and thermal stress.

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9

Thompson, Randi, R. Mooder, Mike Conlan e Tariq Cheema. "Groundwater flow and solute transport modelling of an oil sands mine to aid in the assessment of the performance of the planned closure landscape". In Sixth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1152_107_thompson.

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10

Elakneswaran, Yogarajah. "Modelling the Impact of Surface Charge on Wettability Alteration in Low Salinity Waterflooding". In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209357-ms.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract The wettability alteration is the most prominent mechanism for a favorable effect of low salinity water flooding in enhanced oil recovery. It has been accepted that the surface charge at crude oil/brine and rock/brine interfaces significantly influences the interaction of the crude oil with rock surface and thus wettability changes. In this study, the interface characteristics were coupled with a solute transport model to simulate low salinity waterflooding in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. The ionic transport and two- phase flow of oil and water equations were solved and coupled with IPhreeqc for geochemical calculations. The dissolution and precipitation of minerals were considered thorough thermodynamic equilibrium reactions in IPhreeqc. In addition, a triple layer surface complexation model was employed in IPhreeqc to predict electrokinetic properties of crude oil/brine and rock/brine interfaces. The wettability alteration was calculated based the adsorbed polar components of crude oil on minerals’ surface, which changes the relative permeability. The coupled model able to predict the spatiotemporal variation of ionic profiles, surface and zeta potentials, dissolution and precipitation of minerals, total disjoining pressure, and wettability index in addition to oil recovery for the injection of brines. The validity of the coupled model results was tested against PHREEQC in a single-phase flow without the presence of oil. Moreover, the modelling results were compared with the published experimental data for a single-phase flow in carbonate cores. A very good agreement between experimental data and modelling results was obtained. Furthermore, the coupled model was applied to predict ionic concentration, pH profile, and oil recovery in both carbonate and sandstone cores and verified with experimental data. The modelling results reproduce well the experimental data, suggesting that model captures the geochemical and interface reactions. Finally, the coupled model can be used to optimize brine composition for improved oil recovery in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs.

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