Bibliografie tematiche / Solar cells – Materials

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 31 gennaio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Lara-Padilla, E., Maximino Avendano-Alejo e L. Castaneda. "Transparent Conducting Oxides: Selected Materials for Thin Film Solar Cells". International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, n. 7 (5 luglio 2022): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22628033513.

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Mathew, Xavier. "Solar cells and solar energy materials". Solar Energy 80, n. 2 (febbraio 2006): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2005.06.001.

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Singh, Surya Prakash, e Ashraful Islam. "Intelligent Materials for Solar Cells". Advances in OptoElectronics 2012 (10 aprile 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/919728.

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Mellikov, E., D. Meissner, T. Varema, M. Altosaar, M. Kauk, O. Volobujeva, J. Raudoja, K. Timmo e M. Danilson. "Monograin materials for solar cells". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 93, n. 1 (gennaio 2009): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.04.018.

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Mathew, X. "Solar cells & solar energy materials: Cancun 2003". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 82, n. 1-2 (1 maggio 2004): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.028.

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MATHEW, X. "Solar cells & solar energy materials—Cancun 2004". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 90, n. 6 (14 aprile 2006): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2005.04.001.

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Tousif, Md Noumil, Sakib Mohamma, A. A. Ferdous e Md Ashraful Hoque. "Investigation of Different Materials as Buffer Layer in CZTS Solar Cells Using SCAPS". Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 6, n. 4 (luglio 2018): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2018.6.4.477.

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Smestad, Greg P., Frederik C. Krebs, Carl M. Lampert, Claes G. Granqvist, K. L. Chopra, Xavier Mathew e Hideyuki Takakura. "Reporting solar cell efficiencies in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 92, n. 4 (aprile 2008): 371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.01.003.

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Jung, Hyun Suk, e Nam-Gyu Park. "Solar Cells: Perovskite Solar Cells: From Materials to Devices (Small 1/2015)". Small 11, n. 1 (gennaio 2015): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201570002.

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Smestad, Greg P. "Topical Editors in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 92, n. 5 (maggio 2008): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.02.001.

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Tesi sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Søiland, Anne Karin. "Silicon for Solar Cells". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-565.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis work consists of two parts, each with a different motivation. Part II is the main part and was partly conducted in industry, at ScanWafer ASA’s plant no.2 in Glomfjord.

The large growth in the Photo Voltaic industry necessitates a dedicated feedstock for this industry, a socalled Solar Grade (SoG) feedstock, since the currently used feedstock rejects from the electronic industry can not cover the demand. Part I of this work was motivated by this urge for a SoG- feedstock. It was a cooperation with the Sintef Materials and Chemistry group, where the aim was to study the kinetics of the removal reactions for dissolved carbon and boron in a silicon melt by oxidative gas treatment. The main focus was on carbon, since boron may be removed by other means. A plasma arc was employed in combination with inductive heating. The project was, however, closed after only two experiments. The main observations from these two experiments were a significant boron removal, and the formation of a silica layer on the melt surface when the oxygen content in the gas was increased from 2 to 4 vol%. This silica layer inhibited further reactions.

Multi-crystalline (mc) silicon produced by directional solidification constitutes a large part of the solar cell market today. Other techniques are emerging/developing and to keep its position in the market it is important to stay competitive. Therefore increasing the knowledge on the material produced is necessary. Gaining knowledge also on phenomenas occurring during the crystallisation process can give a better process control.

Part II of this work was motivated by the industry reporting high inclusion contents in certain areas of the material. The aim of the work was to increase the knowledge of inclusion formation in this system. The experimental work was divided into three different parts;

1) Inclusion study

2) Extraction of melt samples during crystallisation, these were to be analysed for carbon- and nitrogen. Giving thus information of the contents in the liquid phase during soldification.

3) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)-measurements of the substitutional carbon contents in wafers taken from similar height positions as the melt samples. Giving thus information of the dissolved carbon content in the solid phase.

The inclusion study showed that the large inclusions found in this material are β-SiC and β-Si3N4. They appear in particularly high quantities in the top-cuts. The nitrides grow into larger networks, while the carbide particles tend to grow on the nitrides. The latter seem to act as nucleating centers for carbide precipitation. The main part of inclusions in the topcuts lie in the size range from 100- 1000 µm in diameter when measured by the Coulter laser diffraction method.

A method for sampling of the melt during crystallisation under reduced pressure was developed, giving thus the possibility of indicating the bulk concentration in the melt of carbon and nitrogen. The initial carbon concentration was measured to ~30 and 40 ppm mass when recycled material was employed in the charge and ~ 20 ppm mass when no recycled material was added. Since the melt temperature at this initial stage is ~1500 °C these carbon levels are below the solubility limit. The carbon profiles increase with increasing fraction solidified. For two profiles there is a tendency of decreasing contents at high fraction solidified.

For nitrogen the initial contents were 10, 12 and 44 ppm mass. The nitrogen contents tend to decrease with increasing fraction solidified. The surface temperature also decreases with increasing fraction solidified. Indicating that the melt is saturated with nitrogen already at the initial stage. The proposed mechanism of formation is by dissolution of coating particles, giving a saturated melt, where β-Si3N4 precipitates when cooling. Supporting this mechanism are the findings of smaller nitride particles at low fraction solidified, that the precipitated phase are β-particles, and the decreasing nitrogen contents with increasing fraction solidified.

The carbon profile for the solid phase goes through a maximum value appearing at a fraction solidified from 0.4 to 0.7. The profiles flatten out after the peak and attains a value of ~ 8 ppma. This drop in carbon content is associated with a precipitation of silicon carbide. It is suggested that the precipitation of silicon carbide occurs after a build-up of carbon in the solute boundary layer.

FTIR-measurements for substitutional carbon and interstitial oxygen were initiated at the institute as a part of the work. A round robin test was conducted, with the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) and the University of Milano-Bicocci (UniMiB) as the participants. The measurements were controlled against Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer analyses. For oxygen the results showed a good correspondence between the FTIR-measurements and the SIMS. For carbon the SIMS-measurements were significantly lower than the FTIR-measurements. This is probably due to the low resistivity of the samples (~1 Ω cm), giving free carrier absorption and an overestimation of the carbon content.

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Musselman, Kevin Philip Duncan. "Nanostructured solar cells". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609003.

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Velusamy, Tamilselvan. "Quantum confined materials for solar cells". Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.694653.

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The main objective of this thesis work is to synthesis quantum-confined structures, tailor their properties and investigate their applicability to photovoltaics. In this context, quantum-confined silicon nanocrystals (SiNes) are synthesized and surface engineered to tailor and understand their properties. Also a synthesis method for copper (Cu) oxide nanomaterials is developed with control over band energy diagram and optical properties. Finally these engineered quantum-confined nanostructures are successfully implemented in all-inorganic third generation photovoltaic devices with various device architectures. One of the important finding of this work is the dopant-dependant surface chemistry of doped SiNes and found that their optoelectronic properties and Fermi level are influenced by the different surface chemistries of the SiNCs. Secondly, the functionality of tailored SiNCs and Cu-oxide nanomaterials is demonstrated by fabricating all-inorganic solar cells. Some of these devices result in the highest open circuit voltage all-inorganic solar cells devices based on SiNCs. Devices that utilize SiNCs and CuO NPs were therefore presented for the first time in all-inorganic third generation architectures, which also made used of highly novel atmospheric pressure plasma processes.

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Cattley, Christopher Andrew. "Quaternary nanocrystal solar cells". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:977e0f75-e597-4c7a-8f72-6a26031f8f0b.

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This thesis studies quaternary chalcogenide nanocrystals and their photovoltaic applications. A temperature-dependent phase change between two distinct crystallographic phases of stoichiometric Cu₂ZnSnS₄ is investigated through the development of a one pot synthesis method. Characterisation of the Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals was performed using absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). An investigation was conducted into the effects of using hexamethyldisilathiane (a volatile sulphur precursor) in the nucleation of small (<7nm), mono-dispersed and solution-stable quaternary Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals. A strategy to synthesize high quality thermodynamically stable kesterite Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals is established, which subsequently enabled the systematic study of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystal formation mechanisms, using optical characterization, XRD, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. Further studies employed scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) mapping to examine the elemental spatial distributions of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals, in order to analyse their compositional uniformity. In addition, the stability of nanocrystals synthesised using alternative ligands is investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, without solution based ligand substitution protocol is used to replace aliphatic reaction ligands with short, aromatic pyridine ligands in order to further improve Cu₂ZnSnS₄ colloid stability. A layer-by-layer spin coating method is developed to fabricate a semiconductor heterojunction, using CdS as an n-type window, which is utilised to investigate the photovoltaic properties of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals. Finally, three novel passivation techniques are investigated, in order to optimise the optoelectronic properties of the solar cells to the point where a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.00±0.04% is achieved. Although seemingly modest when compared to the performance of leading devices (PCE>12%) this represents one of the highest obtained for a Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystal solar cell, fabricated completely under ambient conditions at low temperatures.

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Moore, Jennifer Rose. "New materials for solution-processible solar cells". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609301.

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Wang, Hongda. "Porphyrin-based materials for organic solar cells". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/200.

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A series of novel porphyrin materials with pushpull framework were designed and synthesized for organic solar cells (OSCs). To start with, a brief overview on the background of OSC, including dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, and the porphyrin based materials for OSC applications was presented in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, an efficient panchromatic light harvesting was demonstrated by the co-adsorption of a porphyrin molecule HD18 or HD19 and N719 in dye-sensitized solar cells. It is apparent that the porphyrin sensitizers show strong absorption in the Soret (400500 nm) and Q bands (600700 nm), while N719 shows efficient spectral response in the 500600 nm (between the Soret and Q bands), and the combination of these two kinds of dye molecules might display strong spectral response in the full-colour region. Mechanistic investigations were carried out by various spectral and electrochemical characterizations. The best co-sensitized device based on HD18 + N719 shows considerably enhanced power conversion efficiency of 8.27%, while those individually sensitized by HD18 and N719 display efficiencies of 6.74% and 6.90%, respectively. Subsequently, an optimized co-sensitized device based on the porphyrin HD18 and organic dye PT-C6 was fabricated by a stepwise adsorption of HD18 and PT-C6. The best performance of JSC/mA cm-2 =19.61, VOC/V = 0.74, FF = 0.69 and η = 10.1%, is superior to that of the individual device made from either HD18 (η = 7.4%) or PT-C6 (η = 8.2%) under the same conditions of fabrication. The post-adsorption of PT-C6 on the porphyrin-sensitized TiO2 anode surface not only enhances the spectral response of solar cells, but also greatly retards the back reaction between conduction-band electrons in TiO2 and the oxidized species ( I_3^-) in the electrolyte. In Chapter 3, a series of new donor-π-acceptor (DπA) porphyrin sensitizers with extended π-conjugation units were designed and synthesized for DSSC applications. Appending a phenothiazine (PTZ) donor moiety to the well-investigated porphyrin core and a variety of acceptors with electron deficient property at the opposite side can significantly red shift the absorption spectra to 700 nm in dyes (24). These different acceptor groups exert a significant influence on the electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of these sensitizers. These dyes have been evaluated in dye-sensitized solar cells, showing efficiencies of 0.90~7.29% with I^-/I_3^- based electrolytes. A detailed investigation on their physical, photophysical and electrochemical properties provided some important information on the factors affecting the main photovoltaic parameters. In Chapter 4, we designed and synthesized another series of dyes based on the rigid 2-aryl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]porphyrin donors, in which an electron-accepting group was incorporated at the position 2 of imidazo unit via an aromatic spacer. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties, theoretical calculations and dye-sensitized solar cell performances have been investigated. The spectroelectrochemical data suggests the 1H imidazo unit can extend the conjugation length and lower the optical gap. As expected, the π conjugated substituents in all these dyes produced panchromatic absorption spectra over a wide range of wavelengths and IPCE spectra featuring a broad plateau in the region 430650 nm. In addition, both DFT computational and electrochemical data indicate a smaller HOMOLUMO energy gap for HD31Zn than that for dye 1, suggesting that a slightly more facile conjugation between the porphyrin core and the diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) unit through the 1H imidazo unit in HD31. Both Dye 1 and HD31Zn exhibited strong solvation effect in different solvents. The effects of solvents and their structures on the photophysical and photochemical properties and device performance have been studied in detail. The results indicate that porphyrin fused heterocycle as an effective electron donor and a suitable spacer between the donor and the acceptor can reduce the molecular aggregation through solvation effects. In Chapter 5, a series of conjugated DπA small molecules (YJ1YJ6, YJ13YJ15 and YJ16YJ19) for bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJSCs) were prepared by the Sonogashira cross coupling of the electron rich porphyrin units with electron deficient benzothiadiazole (BT), DPP, or 3-ethylrhodanine moieties. The peripheral side chains on the porphyrin units like alkoxyl phenyl, alkyl, and (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl (TIPS) can alter the solubility, conformation, and electronic properties of the obtained DπA small molecules, allowing the tuning of their photovoltaic properties when blended with fullerene derivatives. The presence of these side chains groups on porphyrin donor units affects the torsion angles between the side chains and the conjugated main chain, but resulting in only slightly different energy levels for the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) for these molecules. Their performance in solution-processed solar cells is under studying. In Chapter 6, we reported the synthesis, electrochemical properties, and optical properties of seven novel BODIPY based π-conjugated materials. These dyes were synthesized via the Stille coupling reactions between the BODIPY units and electron donating groups (EDGs), such as 4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2- yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT), 9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene (FL) or thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TH). These donors were rationally chosen based on their gas phase ionization potential (IP) values estimated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Cyclic voltammetry of these dyes in dichloromethane solutions reveals that HOMOs of the resulting dyes correlated well with the ionization potentials (donor strength) of the donors. On the contrary, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of all dyes are fairly invariant, independent of the donors used. This suggests that the BODIPY moiety provides the primary influence on the LUMO levels of the materials. Two series of YJ9YJ11 and YJ21YJ23 show strong visible absorption in the red region. In addition, we presented the first example of a donor-acceptor BODIPY- containing conjugated copolymers, HDP6 and HDP7, with absorption over the entire spectrum of visible light and part of near infrared region (300900nm) making them suitable as additive for light-harvesting antenna. These dyes provide us with a toolset to tune the frontier molecular orbital energy levels, while retaining the low band gap and broad absorption of these dyes. Overall, these BODIPY molecules exhibited appropriate lower lying LUMO levels (3.70 ~ 3.86 eV) when compared with that of the P3HT, indicating their potential as acceptors for many donor materials in BHJSCs.

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Wang, Yiwen. "Stability of nonfullerene organic solar cells". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/666.

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The development of nonfullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) has attracted increasing interests because of the intrinsic advantages of nonfullerene acceptors, including their high absorption capability over the long wavelength region, tunable electronic properties, and excellent miscibility with polymer donors. Recently, power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >15 % for single-junction nonfullerene OSCs has been reported. Apart from the rapid progresses made in the cell efficiency, significant improvement in the stability of nonfullerene OSCs is required if the organic photovoltaic technology is to become a viable option for commercialization. The lifetime of OSCs is closely related to the intrinsic properties of the functional photoactive materials, e.g., the acceptors with suitable energy levels, morphology of bulk heterojunction (BHJ), formation of the active layer, interlayer engineering and device configuration. However, the comprehensive study of the impacts of the morphological properties and vertical phase separation in a BHJ on charge transport, built-in potential, charge recombination processes, PCE as well as the lifetime of nonfullerene OSCs has not been reported yet. This work has been focused on unraveling the stability of highly efficient OSCs using different nonfullerene acceptor/polymer blend systems, e.g., 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis (4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (ITIC): poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl)] (PTB7-Th), ITIC:poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl) -benzo[1,2-b:4,5- b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4', 5'-c'] dithiophene-4,8-dione)] (PBDB-T), and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1 -dicyanomethylene)-6,7-difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene(IT-4F):poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-fluorothiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione)] (PBDB-T-2F). The lifetime of the nonfullerene OSCs has been analyzed systematically using a combination of morphology, photoelectron spectroscopy, light intensity-dependent current density-voltage measurements, transient photocurrent and aging studies. The effects of built-in potential (V0), charge extraction, and bimolecular recombination processes on the performance and stability of nonfullerene OSCs with regular and reverse configurations were studied. The results reveal that PTB7-Th:ITIC based OSCs with a reverse configuration are more favorable for efficient operation, due to the advantages of: (1) enhancement of charge collection by avoiding the holes passing through acceptor-rich region, which would otherwise occur in an OSC with a regular configuration, and (2) suppression of bimolecular recombination enabled by a higher V0. It shows that the PTB7-Th:ITIC based OSCs with a reverse configuration possess a slow degradation process, and >29% increase in PCE (8%) as compared to that of an optimized control OSC (6.1%). We found that a gradual decrease in V0 and hence the performance deterioration in the regular configuration PBDB-T:ITIC OSCs are caused mainly by the interfacial reaction between nonfullerene acceptor (ITIC) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole transporting layer (HTL). The reduction in V0, due to the unavoidable interfacial reaction between ITIC and PEDOT:PSS at the BHJ/HTL interface in the OSCs, can be overcome through interfacial engineering, , e.g., introducing a thin molybdenum oxide (MoO3) passivation layer. The effect of the HTL on stability of PBDB-T:IT-4F based OSCs has been analyzed using different HTLs, e.g., a pristine PEDOT:PSS layer, a MoO3-doped PEDOT:PSS layer and a pure MoO3 layer. It shows that MoO3-induced oxidation doping of PEDOT:PSS favors the stable and efficient operation of nonfullerene OSCs. The results suggest that a stable and high V0 across the BHJ is a prerequisite for attaining high efficiency nonfullerene OSCs with long-term stability.

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Li, Xuanhua, e 李炫华. "Plasmonic-enhanced organic solar cells". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197526.

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Organic solar cells (OSCs) have recently attracted considerable research interest. However, there is a mismatch between their optical absorption length and charge transport scale. Attempts to optimize both the optical and electrical properties of the photoactive layer of OSCs have inevitably resulted in demands for rationally designed device architecture. Plasmonic nanostructures have recently been introduced into solar cells to achieve highly efficient light harvesting. The remaining challenge is to improve OSC performance using plasmonic nanotechnology, a challenge taken up by the research reported in this thesis. I systematically investigated two types of plasmonic effect: localized plasmonic resonances (LPRs) and surface plasmonic resonances (SPRs). Broadband plasmonic absorption is obviously highly desirable when the LPR effect is adopted in OSCs. Unfortunately, typical nanomaterials possess only a single resonant absorption peak, which inevitably limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement to a narrow spectral range. To address this issue, I combined Ag nanomaterials of different shapes, including nanoparticles and nanoprisms. The incorporation of these mixed nanomaterials into the active layer resulted in wide band absorption improvement. My results suggest a new approach to achieving greater overall enhancement through an improvement in broadband absorption. I also explored the SPR effect induced by a metal patterned electrode with two parts. Most reports to date on back reflector realization involve complicated and costly techniques. In this research, however, I adopted a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-nanoimprinted method to produce patterned back electrodes in OSCs directly, which is a very simple and efficient technique for realizing high-performance OSCs in industrial processes. Besides, a remaining challenge is that plasmonic effects are strongly sensitive to light polarization, which limits plasmonic applications in practice. To address this issue, I designed three-dimensional patterns as the back electrode of inverted OSCs, which simultaneously achieved highly efficient and polarization-independent plasmonic OSCs. In addition to investigating the two types of plasmonic effect individually, I also investigated their integrated function by introducing both LPRs and SPRs in one device structure. With the aim of achieving high-performance OSCs, I first demonstrated experimentally a dual metal nanostructure composed of Au nanoparticles (i.e. LPRs) embedded in the active layer and an Ag nanograting electrode (i.e. SPRs) as the back reflectors in inverted OSCs, which can generate a very strong electric field, in a single junction to improve the light absorption of solar cells. As a result, the PCE of the OSC reached 9.1%, making it one of the best-performing OSCs reported to date. In addition, as an important extension, I subsequently achieved tremendous near-field enhancement owing to multiple couplings, including nanoparticle-nanoparticle (LPR-LPR) couplings and nanoparticle-film (LPR-SPR) couplings, by designing a novel nanoparticle-film coupling system through the introduction of ultrathin monolayer graphene as a well-defined sub-nanogap between the Ag nanoparticles and Ag film. The graphene sub-nanogap is the thinnest nanogap (in atomic scale terms) to date, and thus constitutes a promising light-trapping strategy for improving future OSC performance.
published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Li, Dai-Yin. "Texturization of multicrystalline silicon solar cells". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64615.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-111).
A significant efficiency gain for crystalline silicon solar cells can be achieved by surface texturization. This research was directed at developing a low-cost, high-throughput and reliable texturing method that can create a honeycomb texture. Two distinct approaches for surface texturization were studied. The first approach was photo-defined etching. For this approach, the research focus was to take advantage of Vall6ra's technique published in 1999, which demonstrated a high-contrast surface texture on p-type silicon created by photo-suppressed etching. Further theoretical consideration, however, led to a conclusion that diffusion of bromine in the electrolyte impacts the resolution achievable with Vallera's technique. Also, diffusion of photocarriers may impose an additional limitation on the resolution. The second approach studied was based on soft lithography. For this approach, a texturization process sequence that created a honeycomb texture with 20 ptm spacing on polished wafers at low cost and high throughput was developed. Novel techniques were incorporated in the process sequence, including surface wettability patterning by microfluidic lithography and selective condensation based on Raoult's law. Microfluidic lithography was used to create a wettability pattern from a 100A oxide layer, and selective condensation based on Raoult's law was used to reliably increase the thickness of the glycerol/water liquid film entrained on hydrophilic oxide islands approximately from 0.2 pm to 2.5 pm . However, there remain several areas that require further development to make the process sequence truly successful, especially when applied to multicrystalline wafers.
by Dai-Yin Li.
Ph.D.

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Almeataq, Mohammed. "Development of new materials for solar cells application". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4863/.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Semiconductors for solar cells. Boston: Artech House, 1993.

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Pizzini, Sergio. Advanced silicon materials for photovoltaic applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

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Paranthaman, M. Parans, Winnie Wong-Ng e Raghu N. Bhattacharya, a cura di. Semiconductor Materials for Solar Photovoltaic Cells. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20331-7.

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Adachi, Sadao. Earth-Abundant Materials for Solar Cells. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119052814.

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K, Das B., Singh S. N. Dr, National Physical Laboratory (India) e Symposium on Photovoltaic Materials and Devices (1984 : New Delhi, India), a cura di. Photovoltaic materials and devices. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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Choy, Wallace C. H. Organic Solar Cells: Materials and Device Physics. London: Springer London, 2013.

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Badescu, Viorel. Physics of nanostructured solar cells. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Fahrner, Wolfgang Rainer. Amorphous Silicon / Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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J, Meyer Gerald, a cura di. Molecular level artificial photosynthetic materials. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997.

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Oku, Takeo. Solar Cells and Energy Materials. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2016.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Wachter, Igor, Peter Rantuch e Tomáš Štefko. "Solar Cells". In Transparent Wood Materials, 59–69. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23405-7_6.

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Bainglass, Edan, Sajib K. Barman e Muhammad N. Huda. "Photovoltaic Materials Design by Computational Studies: Metal Sulfides". In Solar Cells, 123–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36354-3_5.

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Fu, Kunwu, Anita Wing Yi Ho-Baillie, Hemant Kumar Mulmudi e Pham Thi Thu Trang. "Organic Hole-Transporting Materials". In Perovskite Solar Cells, 159–82. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469749-10.

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Fu, Kunwu, Anita Wing Yi Ho-Baillie, Hemant Kumar Mulmudi e Pham Thi Thu Trang. "Inorganic Hole-Transporting Materials". In Perovskite Solar Cells, 183–200. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469749-11.

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Fu, Kunwu, Anita Wing Yi Ho-Baillie, Hemant Kumar Mulmudi e Pham Thi Thu Trang. "Organic N-Type Materials". In Perovskite Solar Cells, 139–56. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469749-8.

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Bashir, Amna, e Muhammad Sultan. "Organometal Halide Perovskite-Based Materials and Their Applications in Solar Cell Devices". In Solar Cells, 259–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36354-3_10.

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Ali, Khuram, Afifa Khalid, Muhammad Raza Ahmad, Hasan M. Khan, Irshad Ali e S. K. Sharma. "Multi-junction (III–V) Solar Cells: From Basics to Advanced Materials Choices". In Solar Cells, 325–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36354-3_13.

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Hu, Lijun, Lijun Hu, Ke Yang, Ke Yang, Kuan Sun, Kuan Sun, Wei Chen et al. "Electrode Materials for Printable Solar Cells". In Printable Solar Cells, 457–512. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119283720.ch14.

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Ekins-Daukes, N. J. "III-V Solar Cells". In Solar Cell Materials, 113–43. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118695784.ch6.

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Hoth, Claudia, Andrea Seemann, Roland Steim, Tayebeh Ameri, Hamed Azimi e Christoph J. Brabec. "Printed Organic Solar Cells". In Solar Cell Materials, 217–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118695784.ch8.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

LeComber, P. G. "Stability of a-Si:H materials and solar cells-closing remarks". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41010.

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Bhat, P. K., D. S. Shen e R. E. Hollingsworth. "Stability of amorphous silicon solar cells". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41008.

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McGehee, Michael. "Nanostructured Solar Cells". In Solar Energy: New Materials and Nanostructured Devices for High Efficiency. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/solar.2008.swa1.

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Brandt, Martin S., e Martin Stutzmann. "Investigation of the Staebler-Wronski effect in a-Si:H by spin-dependent photoconductivity". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41015.

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Redfield, David, e Richard H. Bube. "The rehybridized two-site (RTS) model for defects in a-Si:H". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41016.

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Hata, N., e S. Wagner. "The application of a comprehensive defect model to the stability of a-Si:H". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41017.

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McMahon, T. J. "Defect equilibration in device quality a-Si:H and its relation to light-induced defects". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41018.

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Cohen, J. David, e Thomas M. Leen. "Investigation of defect reactions involved in metastability of hydrogenated amorphous silicon". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41019.

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Street, R. A. "Metastability and the hydrogen distribution in a-Si:H". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41031.

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Bennett, M., e K. Rajan. "Thermal annealing of photodegraded a-SiGe:H solar cells". In Amorphous silicon materials and solar cells. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41007.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Solar cells – Materials"

Bhattacharya, R. N., A. M. Fernandez, W. Batchelor, J. Alleman, J. Keane, H. Althani, R. Noufi et al. Electrodeposition of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 Materials for Solar Cells:. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15002206.

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Rockett, Angus, Sylvain Marsillac e Robert Collins. Novel Contact Materials for Improved Performance CdTe Solar Cells Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), aprile 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1433077.

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Rodriguez, Rene, Joshua Pak, Andrew Holland, Alan Hunt, Thomas Bitterwolf, You Qiang, Leah Bergman, Christine Berven, Alex Punnoose e Dmitri Tenne. Incorporation of Novel Nanostructured Materials into Solar Cells and Nanoelectronic Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1029119.

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Jen, Alex K. Development of Efficient Charge-Selective Materials for Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada616502.

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Sopori, B. L. 17th Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Modules: Materials and Processes; Workshop Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/913592.

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Sellinger, Alan. Perovskite Solar Cells: Addressing Low Cost, High Efficiency, and Reliability Through Novel Hole-Transport Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1559859.

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Brian E. Hardin, Stephen T. Connor e Craig H. Peters. Novel wide band gap materials for highly efficient thin film tandem solar cells. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1042702.

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Keszler, D. A., e J. F. Wager. Novel Materials Development for Polycrystalline Thin-Film Solar Cells: Final Subcontract Report, 26 July 2004--15 June 2008. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/942065.

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Schiff, E. A., Q. Gu, L. Jiang, J. Lyou, I. Nurdjaja e P. Rao. Research on High-Bandgap Materials and Amorphous Silicon-Based Solar Cells, Final Technical Report, 15 May 1994-15 January 1998. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6707.

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Schiff, E. A., Q. Gu, L. Jiang e P. Rao. Research on high-bandgap materials and amorphous silicon-based solar cells. Annual technical report, 15 May 1995--15 May 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/434452.

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