Bibliografie tematiche / Soil absorption

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Soil absorption"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 21 febbraio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Kozlowski, T. T. "Soil Moisture and Absorption of Water by Tree Roots". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 13, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1987): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1987.007.

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Abstract (sommario):
Shade trees undergo periodic dehydration because the rate of absorption of soil water lags behind the rate of transpirational water loss from tree crowns. The rate of absorption of water from wet, warm, and well-aerated soil is controlled largely by the rate of transpiration. However, absorption of water often is impeded by low soil moisture content, a small or slow-growing root system, poor soil aeration, low soil temperature, a high concentration of the soil solution, or combinations of these. As the soil dries down from field capacity, the rate of absorption of water is reduced because of increased resistance to water movement in the soil and within the tree as well as loss of soil-root contact. Poor soil aeration in compacted or flooded soils decreases water absorption by inhibiting root growth, inducing decay of roots, and suppressing development of mycorrhizae. Low soil temperature reduces absorption of water by decreasing the permeability of roots, increasing the viscosity of water, and inhibiting root growth. High concentrations of deicing salts and fertilizers in the soil solution may reduce absorption of water by osmotic effects.
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2

Shikhamany, S. D., J. N. Kalbhor, T. S. Shelke e T. S. Mungare. "Variation in the Interactions among soil K+, Ca++, Mg++ and Na+ ions as influenced by the variety and rootstock in grape". Journal of Horticultural Sciences 13, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2018): 178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2018.v13i02.009.

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A nutritional survey was conducted to study the influence of variety and rootstock on interactionamong K+, Ca++, Mg++and Na+ ions in grape during 2012-14. Soil cation contents did not correlatewith their respective contents in petioles indicating a strong antagonism among them. Quadraticrelationship of soil cations with the absorption (ratio of petiole content to soil content) of otherions revealed that the antagonism among cations was observed in case of soil K+ with Ca++ andNa+ absorption on 110R and Dog Ridge rootstocks, soil Ca+ with K+ and Mg++ and Na+ in Sonakavariety and Na+ in own rooted vines, soil Mg++ with Ca++ and Na+ also in own rooted vines; andNa++ with Ca++ and Mg++ respectively in 2A clone and Dog Ridge. Contrarily, increased absorptionof K+ by soil Ca++ on 110R, Na+ and K+ by soil Mg++ respectively in Sonaka and 110R, and Ca++by soil Na+ on Dog Ridge was also observed. All the soil cations together influenced K+ absorptionmost in Sonaka followed by Mg++ absorption in 2A clone, but Ca++ absorption on Dog Ridgefollowed by K+ on 110R.
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3

Sayyed, Mohammed I., Ferdi Akman, Veysel Turan e Aslı Araz. "Evaluation of radiation absorption capacity of some soil samples". Radiochimica Acta 107, n. 1 (19 dicembre 2018): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2018-2996.

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Abstract The aim of the present work is to investigate the radiation absorption capacity of different soil samples in Turkey. For this purpose, we used a γ ray transmission geometry to measure the mass attenuation coefficients of eight soil samples collected between Bingöl city and Solhan district, Turkey at different γ-ray energies in the range of 13.94–88.04 keV. The radioactive sources utilized in the experiment were 241Am, 109Cd and 133Ba. FFAST and WinXCOM programs were used to evaluate the theoretical mass attenuation coefficients values of the selected soil samples. There is a good agreement between experimental and theoretical results. Additionally, the mass attenuation coefficients values used to evaluate different radiation shielding parameters such as effective atomic number, half value layer and mean free path. The variation of shielding parameters was examined for soil composition and photon energy. The obtained results revealed that S6 soil sample is the best soil in terms of shielding effectiveness among all the collected soils due to lower values for half value layer and mean free path. The effective removal cross-section (ΣR) of fast neutrons for the collected soils was also computed to examine neutrons shielding properties of the soil samples. It is found that the ΣR values for the soil samples are almost constant and lie within the range (0.04286–0.04949 cm−1).
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4

KUPATADZE, Ketevan. "INVESTIGATION OF PHOSPHATE-ION RETENTION STRENGHT IN SOME TYPES OF KAKHETI SOILS". SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 27, n. 27 (20 dicembre 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v27.n27.2019.7_2019.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):
The presented article describes the soil types existing in east Georgia, particularly in several villages of Gurjaani Municipality-Vazisubani, Kalauri, Mukuzani, Shashiani. Meadow-brown and brown soils represent good soil types for viticulture development in Kakheti. The vineyards cultivated on these soils produce such wellknown wines as Tsinandali, Vazisubani, Mukuzani, Akhasheni, Gurjaani, Manavi. The study explores brown carbonate and meadow-brown soil lab tests to examine the absorption of phosphate ions by them. The study showed that the amount of phosphorus deposited through soils is sufficiently absorbed under various conditions, having a positive effect on the amount of crop. Was compared the rates of phosphate absorption in these soils with the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers, which showed that the higher the absorption of phosphorus, the lower the amount of phosphorus available to the plant and the lower the yield, and the lower the strength of phosphorus retention, the higher the amount of phosphorus to be consumed by the plant and the higher the yield. But under the conditions of high cultivation degree, the strength of phosphorus absorption became weak, resulted in a large amount of exchangeable and movable phosphates already existing in the soil, which is available to the plant. So, the efficacy of phosphorus fertilizers on such soil is weak. The speed of phosphorus absorption in the soil of Gurjaani municipality villages is satisfactory. However, in case of a high degree of cultivation (or in case of excess fertilization), the degree of phosphorus retention decreases. Accordingly, phosphorus-containing fertilizers should be used within strictly controlled limits.
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Kupatadze, Ketevan. "Investigation of phosphate-ion retention strenght in some types of Kakheti soils". Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 27, No. 27, 2019 27, n. 27 (22 aprile 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37633/sbjc.27(27)2019.1-7.

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Abstract (sommario):
The presented article describes the soil types existing in east Georgia, particularly in several villages of Gurjaani Municipality-Vazisubani, Kalauri, Mukuzani, Shashiani. Meadow-brown and brown soils represent good soil types for viticulture development in Kakheti. The vineyards cultivated on these soils produce such wellknown wines as Tsinandali, Vazisubani, Mukuzani, Akhasheni, Gurjaani, Manavi. The study explores brown carbonate and meadow-brown soil lab tests to examine the absorption of phosphate ions by them. The study showed that the amount of phosphorus deposited through soils is sufficiently absorbed under various conditions, having a positive effect on the amount of crop. Was compared the rates of phosphate absorption in these soils with the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers, which showed that the higher the absorption of phosphorus, the lower the amount of phosphorus available to the plant and the lower the yield, and the lower the strength of phosphorus retention, the higher the amount of phosphorus to be consumed by the plant and the higher the yield. But under the conditions of high cultivation degree, the strength of phosphorus absorption became weak, resulted in a large amount of exchangeable and movable phosphates already existing in the soil, which is available to the plant. So, the efficacy of phosphorus fertilizers on such soil is weak. The speed of phosphorus absorption in the soil of Gurjaani municipality villages is satisfactory. However, in case of a high degree of cultivation (or in case of excess fertilization), the degree of phosphorus retention decreases. Accordingly, phosphorus-containing fertilizers should be used within strictly controlled limits.
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6

Malik, Usman, Indra Gunawan e Juandi M. "ANALISA TINGKAT RESAPAN TANAH BERDASARKAN PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS TANAH (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Tampan Kota Pekanbaru)". Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia 15, n. 1 (30 aprile 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jkfi.15.1.51-55.

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Research was conducted to analyze the soil absorption level based on measurements of soil permeability in District Tampan Pekanbaru City, by taking soil samples for 16 units in four villages namely Simpang Baru, Delima, Tuah Karya, and Sidomulyo Barat which consists of four research blocks. Data inputted into the surfer’s software 11 to be processed so as to produce a contour map of soil absorption level. The results that highest soil absorption of the land in Tuah Karya Village of 108,090.50 m3/year whereas lowest soil absorption of the land in Simpang Baru Village of 91,149.35 m3/year. High soil absorption level caused by open spaces area was large and the amount of rainfall that absorbed into the soil and soil absorption coefficient was high. While the low soil absorption level caused by open spaces area was small and the least rainfall that absorbed into the soil and the soil absorption coefficient is low.
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7

Camargo, Mônica Sartori de, Hamilton Seron Pereira, Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer, Angélica Araújo Queiroz e Caroline Borges dos Reis. "Soil reaction and absorption of silicon by rice". Scientia Agricola 64, n. 2 (2007): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000200011.

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The solubility and availability of silicon can be influenced by soil reaction. A pot experiment with a clayey textured Rhodic Acrustox was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the effect of soil reaction on silicon availability to rice plants. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, using a factorial scheme (4 x 4) with four materials (calcitic lime, calcium and magnesium silicate, pure silicic acid, and wollastonite), four rates (0, 2500, 5000 and 7500 mg per 5 kg-pot) and four replicates. After 60 days, dry matter yield and silicon absorption by the rice shoot plants, pH CaCl2, and soluble silicon (0.5 mol L-1 acetic acid and 0.01 mol L-1CaCl2) in the soil were evaluated. The materials increased soil pH as the applied rates increased, except silicic acid. Soluble silicon extracted by 0.5 mol L-1 acetic acid also increased with applied rates. For calcium chloride, soluble silicon increased in the soil only with wollastonite and calcium and magnesium silicate, agreeing with its total content. Silicon absorption by the above-ground part of the rice plants was linearly correlated with rates of wollastonite, followed by calcium and magnesium silicate, silicic acid and calcitic lime. Soil pH increase with lime was not sufficient to provide silicon to the rice. The 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl2 soluble silicon had the best correlation with silicon absorption by plants. More studies are necessary under field conditions and other soils to corroborate the presented results.
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Bonomelli, Claudia, Pilar M. Gil e Bruce Schaffer. "Effect of Soil Type on Calcium Absorption and Partitioning in Young Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Trees". Agronomy 9, n. 12 (3 dicembre 2019): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120837.

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A two-year study was conducted to determine how soil texture affects calcium (Ca) absorption and partitioning in potted ‘Hass’ avocado trees. Trees were planted in 200 L pots in one of four soil types: clay (C), clay loam (CL), sandy loam (SL) or sand (S). Prior to planting, Ca content in each soil was in the normal range of availability, although the Ca concentration was highest in C soil. After two years of tree development, dry weights of shoots and roots were significantly higher in the SL and S soils than in C soil. Trees in the C soil had higher wood dry weight than trees in SL or S soils. The Ca contents (absolute quantities, not concentrations) in the roots, shoots and whole tree were significantly lower in the C soil than in the SL or S soils. The K/Ca ratio of trees in the C soil (K/Ca = 1.5) was significantly higher than that in the other soil types. Stem water potential was significantly lower for trees in the C soil compared to the other soils. These results indicate that Ca absorption and partitioning in young avocado trees varies with soil texture, probably associated with soil effects on root growth and/or plant water status.
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Mátyás, Bence, Maritza Elizabeth Chiluisa Andrade, Nora Carmen Yandun Chida, Carina Maribel Taipe Velasco, Denisse Estefania Gavilanes Morales, Gisella Nicole Miño Montero, Lenin Javier Ramirez Cando e Ronnie Xavier Lizano Acevedo. "Comparing organic versus conventional soil management on soil respiration". F1000Research 7 (2 marzo 2018): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13852.1.

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Soil management has great potential to affect soil respiration. In this study, we investigated the effects of organic versus conventional soil management on soil respiration. We measured the main soil physical-chemical properties from conventional and organic managed soil in Ecuador. Soil respiration was determined using alkaline absorption according to Witkamp. Soil properties such as organic matter, nitrogen, and humidity, were comparable between conventional and organic soils in the present study, and in a further analysis there was no statically significant correlation with soil respiration. Therefore, even though organic farmers tend to apply more organic material to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher CO2 production in their soils in the present study.
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Kim, Hyesu, Jaehyung Yu, Lei Wang, Yongsik Jeong e Jieun Kim. "Variations in Spectral Signals of Heavy Metal Contamination in Mine Soils Controlled by Mineral Assemblages". Remote Sensing 12, n. 20 (9 ottobre 2020): 3273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203273.

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This paper illustrates a spectroscopic analysis of heavy metal concentration in mine soils with the consideration of mineral assemblages originated by weathering and mineralization processes. The mine soils were classified into two groups based on the mineral composition: silicate clay mineral group (Group A) and silicate–carbonate–skarn–clay mineral group (Group B). Both soil groups are contaminated with Cu, Zn, As, and Pb, while the contamination level was higher for Group A. The two groups exhibit different geochemical behaviors with different heavy metal contamination. The spectral variation associated with heavy metal was highly correlated with absorption features of clay and iron oxide minerals for Group A, and the absorption features of skarn minerals, iron oxides, and clay minerals for Group B. It indicates that the geochemical adsorption of heavy metal elements mainly occurs with clay minerals and iron oxides from weathering, and of skarn minerals, iron oxides, and clay minerals from mineralization. Therefore, soils from different secondary mineral production processes should be analyzed with different spectral models. We constructed spectral models for predicting Cu, Zn, As, and Pb in soil group A and Zn and Pb in soil group B using corresponding absorptions. Both models were statistically significant with sufficient accuracy.
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Tesi sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Ward, Philip R. "Generation of water repellence in sands, and its amelioration by clay addition /". Adelaide, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw262.pdf.

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Gusli, Sikstus. "Effect of methods of wetting and rainfall characteristics on crusting and hardsetting of a red-brown earth". Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg982.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references. The beneficial effects of tillage are often negated in Australian soils by poor aggregate structural stability. If irrigation or rain falls on exposed freshly tilled soil, crusting or harsetting often develops on drying. Rainfall intensity, kinetic energy, rate of wetting, antecedent water content and soil management history have been implicated in aggregate breakdown.
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3

Sandhu, Harjinder. "Sorption of lead and arsenic on soil components and effectiveness of phosphates for remediating lead and arsenic contaminated soils". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1923.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 170 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Park, Gi-hyeon. "Spatial and temporal patterns in soil moisture variations in Oklahoma and its comparison with ETA Model". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0057_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Ward, Philip R. "Generation of water repellence in sands, and its amelioration by clay addition / Philip R. Ward". Thesis, Adelaide, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21659.

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Fu, Yong 1948. "Solid activity coefficients of phosphate adsorbed by soil". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276722.

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The data of 14 soils were used to compute the ion activity product (IAP), the ratio of the ion activity product and to the solubility product (Ksp) of the pure minerals (IAP/Ksp) and to estimate the solid activity coefficients (SAC) of the soil components. The value of IAP and SAC of AlPO4 differs from soil to soil and increases with increasing P added to soil in acid soils and for calcium phosphate in basic soils. Magnesium apparently did not cause P adsorption or precipitation in the soils studied. The SAC of aluminum phosphate ranged from 10 to 10000 in acid soils. The mole fraction of the total phosphate in soil seemed to be a more satisfactory basis for calculating the concentration of the solid phase than was measurements of the available phosphate.
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Xiao, Baohua. "The effects of soil organic matter heterogeneity on equilibrium sorption by soils and sediments /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/305.

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Killen, Mark Albert. "A physically based analytical model to predict infiltration under surge irrigation". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184379.

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A significant advantage attributed to surge flow irrigation is that for the same volume of water applied the stream will advance farther along the furrow than with continuous flow. This potentially will reduce runoff and deep percolation which will improve uniformity and application efficiency where this advance phenomenon holds. The mechanism for improvement in advance time has generally been ascribed to surface sealing and surface layer consolidation. However, these phenomena do not satisfactorily explain improved advance times in sandy soils. Widely used infiltration equations which require the determination of empirical coefficients are unsatisfactory as predictors of infiltration conditions of intermittent wetting. The Green-Ampt model and a simple redistribution model are combined into an analytical model to predict infiltration under surge irrigation. The model results are compared to infiltration tests on soil columns of three soils of different soil textures. Also the model and the experimental results from the soil columns are compared to predictions made by two numerical solutions of the Richard's equation. One of the numerical models includes the effect of hysteresis by the use of Mualem's model to predict the variation of moisture content with potential, the other numerical model neglects the effect of hysteresis. A comparison of the analytical and the numerical models shows good agreement in their predictions for the soils and surge cycles tested. A comparison of predictions made by all three models shows good correlation to the experimental results. Although the number of tests done on the analytical model were limited it appears to be nearly as good a predictor of infiltration as the numerical models. The greatest strength of the analytical model is that while the numerical models took many hours to do a single run, the analytical model took only a few minutes. Both model and experimental results indicate that there was no reduction in infiltration rates or volumes infiltrated with intermittent as compared to continuous wetting. Thus the reduction in hydraulic gradient is not a factor in the reduced infiltration observed by others.
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Don-Pedro, Esther A. "The effects of soil properties and clay minerals on the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pentachlorophenol". Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1126632988.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Geology, 2005.
"August, 2005." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 11/29/2005) Advisor, Annabelle Foss; Committee members, Teresa Cutright, Ira Sasowsky; Department Chair, John Szabo; Dean of the College, Charles B. Monroe; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Sekhon, Bharpoor Singh. "Modeling of soil phosphorus sorption and control of phosphorus pollution with acid mine drainage floc". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2530.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 210 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Mancl, Karen. Septic tank: Soil absorption systems. Corvallis, Or: Extension Service, Oregon State University, 1990.

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2

F, Hudson James. Forecasting onsite soil absorption system failure rates. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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3

S, Orlov D., e Rozanov B. G, a cura di. Opticheskie svoĭstva pochv i pochvennykh komponentov. Moskva: "Nauka", 1986.

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D, Harter Robert, a cura di. Adsorption phenomena. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1986.

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Abramovich, Kovda Viktor, a cura di. Analiz sostava vodnoĭ fazy pochv. Moskva: "Nauka", 1989.

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6

Sokołowska, Zofia. Rola niejednorodności powierzchni w procesach adsorpcji zachodzących na glebach. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1989.

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Westall, John C. The use of cationic surfactants to modify aquifer materials to reduce the mobility of hydrophobic organic compounds / John C. Westall ... [et al.]. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1994.

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Westall, John C. The use of cationic surfactants to modify aquifer materials to reduce the mobility of hydrophobic organic compounds / John C. Westall ... [et al.]. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1994.

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9

Siegrist, Robert L. Large soil absorption systems for wastewaters from multiple-home developments. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Cogger, Craig G. Septic system waste treatment in soil. Pullman, Wash: Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture & Home Economics, Washington State University, 1987.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Jeffrey, David W. "Plants, roots and ion absorption". In Soil~Plant Relationships, 3–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6076-6_1.

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2

Yonemura, S., M. Yokozawa, S. Kawashima e H. Tsuruta. "Trace Gas Absorption by Soil". In Computational Methods for Flow and Transport in Porous Media, 371–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1114-2_25.

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Gardner, W. R. "Soil Water Movement and Root Absorption". In Plant Environment and Efficient Water Use, 127–49. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1966.plantenvironment.c7.

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Alva, A. K., M. E. Sumner e W. P. Miller. "Salt absorption in gypsum amended acid soils". In Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH, 93–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3438-5_10.

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Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Real-Time Element Movement in a Plant". In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis, 109–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_4.

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AbstractWe developed an imaging method utilizing the available RIs. We developed two types of real-time RI imaging systems (RRIS), one for macroscopic imaging and the other for microscopic imaging. The principle of visualization was the same, converting the radiation to light by a Cs(Tl)I scintillator deposited on a fiber optic plate (FOS). Many nuclides were employed, including 14C, 18F, 22Na, 28Mg, 32P 33P, 35S, 42K, 45Ca, 48V, 54Mn, 55Fe, 59Fe, 65Zn, 86Rb, 109Cd, and 137Cs.Since radiation can penetrate the soil as well as water, the difference between soil culture and water culture was visualized. 137Cs was hardly absorbed by rice roots growing in soil, whereas water culture showed high absorption, which could provide some reassurance after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident and could indicate an important role of soil in firmly adsorbing the radioactive cesium.28Mg and 42K, whose production methods were presented, were applied for RRIS to visualize the absorption image from the roots. In addition to 28Mg and 42K, many nuclides were applied to image absorption in the roots. Each element showed a specific absorption speed and accumulation pattern. The image analysis of the absorption of Mg is presented as an example. Through successive images of the element absorption, phloem flow in the aboveground part of the plant was analyzed. The element absorption was visualized not only in the roots but also in the leaves, a basic study of foliar fertilization.In the case of the microscopic imaging system, a fluorescence microscope was modified to acquire three images at the same time: a light image, fluorescent image, and radiation image. Although the resolution of the image was estimated to be approximately 50 μm, superposition showed the expression site of the transporter gene and the actual 32P-phosphate absorption site to be the same in Arabidopsis roots.
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Braun, Barbu, e Mihaela Baritz. "Low Cost Adaptive Plantar Supporters for Soil Vibration Absorption". In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 181–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69823-6_22.

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Kelly, S. D., D. Hesterberg e B. Ravel. "Analysis of Soils and Minerals Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy". In Methods of Soil Analysis Part 5-Mineralogical Methods, 387–463. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.5.c14.

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Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Water-Specific Imaging". In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis, 3–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_1.

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AbstractOur first target was water, namely, how to obtain a water-specific image nondestructively. Using a neutron beam, we could visualize water-specific images of plants, including roots and flowers, which were never shown before. Each image suggested the plant-specific activity related to water.We briefly present how to acquire the image and what kind of water image is taken by neutron beam irradiation. We present a variety of plant samples, such as flowers, seeds, and wood disks. It was noted that neutrons could visualize the roots imbedded in soil without uprooting. When a spatial image of the root imbedded in soil was created from many projection images, the water profile around the root was analyzed. Then, fundamental questions were raised, such as whether plants are absorbing water solution or water vapor from the soil, because there was always a space adjacent to the root surface and hardly any water solution was visualized there. The roots are in constant motion during growth, known as circumnutation, and it is natural that the root tip is always pushing the soil aside to produce space for the root to grow. If the roots are absorbing water vapor, then the next question is about metals. Are the roots absorbing metal vapor? Since we tended to employ water culture to study the physiological activity of plants, the physiological study of the plants growing in soil was somewhat neglected. Later, when we could develop a system to visualize the movement of element absorption in a plant, there was a clear difference in element absorption between water culture and soil culture.
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Tyler, E. Jerry, James C. Converse e Dale E. Parker. "Soil systems for community wastewater disposal--Treatment and absorption case histories". In Utilization, Treatment, and Disposal of Waste on Land, 147–58. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1986.utlizationtreatmentdisposal.c13.

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Kawasaki, T., e M. Moritsugu. "Effect of calcium on the absorption and translocation of heavy metals in excised barley roots: Multi-compartment transport box experiment". In Plant and Soil Interfaces and Interactions, 21–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3627-0_3.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Petelko, A. I. "Rational use of washed soil". In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.31.

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Integrated agricultural practices contribute to increasing and restoring the fertility of washed lands, reducing water erosion of soils on the slopes. When cultivating eroded soils, it is necessary to introduce organic and mineral fertilizers into the arable layer, enrich it with nutrients and eliminate the acid reaction. To do this, you need to carry out deep plowing up to 30 cm with the simultaneous introduction of organic matter and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is acidic, then liming is necessary. This will help to create a better soil environment and better absorption of fertilizers.
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Tian, Jia, e William D. Philpot. "Relating water absorption features to soil moisture characteristics". In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, a cura di Thomas S. Pagano e John F. Silny. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2188478.

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Radulescu, Hortensia, Isidora Radulov, Laura Smuleac e Adina Berbecea. "IMPACT OF SOIL TREATMENT WITH ZEOLITIC VOLCANIC TUFF". In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s13.32.

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The paper presents the effect of zeolitic volcanic tuff on soil fertility as a consequence of treating soil with zeolitic tuff supplies (clinoptilolite rich tuff). This high silicon tuff type and the essential features of the clinoptilolite has generated in time changes in soil properties like soil reaction, an effective pH buffering, increase of water absorption and cation exchange properties. The effect of using three different doses of zeolitic volcanic tuff, with and without ammonium nitrate addition as fertilizer, on acid soils was assessed by means of physical and chemical soil parameters, biomass and grain yields. The pH increase of soil treated by zeolitic volcanic tuff alone or mixed with ammonium nitrate confirmed the buffering effect and suggested the opportunity of using zeolitic volcanic tuff for conditioning and remedying acid soils. An increase of soil humidity and the enrich of calcium, magnesium and potassium content in soil was also observed. The analysis of extractable mineral content showed the contribution of zeolitic tuff on increasing soil mineral content and fertility. Global soil fertility enhance, particularly in the neighborhood of the rhizosphere, was reflected also by biomass and grain yields increase. The obtained results showed the benefit of using zeolitic volcanic tuff in conjunction with ammonium nitrate to restore the fertility of low fertile soils. The usefulness of this paper is to inform about the zeolitic volcanic tuff features and its action as soil treatment on soil quality. The importance of this research lies in presenting a technology to restore soils with low fertility using a rather cheap natural resource and an alternative for practicing an ecological agriculture.
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Roy, T., e D. Weyand. "396. Effect of Soil Loading and Soil Sequestration on the Percutaneous Absorption of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons". In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763749.

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Oluremi, J. R., A. O. Eberemu, T. S. Ijimdiya e K. J. Osinubi. "Absorption and Diffusion Potential of Waste Wood Ash-Treated Lateritic Soil". In Geo-Chicago 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480168.011.

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"Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization Using Fibres". In Recent Advancements in Geotechnical Engineering. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901618-25.

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Abstract. For pavement constructions such as runway and highway construction, fine-grained soils are not suitable because of their undesirable properties such as grading of particle size, low bearing capacity, and more plasticity, and its ability to swell. To improve these soil properties various soil stabilization methods are needed. The stabilization is done by adding various stabilizing materials with the fine-grained soil. Fibres are one of the materials used in soil stabilization. This experimental study has been carried over to improve the bearing capacity of soft soil (from Sholinganallur, Chennai) by using Natural and Artificial fibres. During this study, the soil samples which has been stabilized with various fibres was prepared i.e., soil with Natural fibres (jute fibre) and soil with artificial fibres. In this experimental study, index properties and engineering properties of soft soil or unreinforced samples and stabilized soil samples with fibres are determined. Samples are subjected to various soil tests which have been used to determine the engineering properties of soil. The soil tests such as the standard proctor compaction test, unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, and Unconfined Compression (UCC) test had been done to determine the characteristics of the samples. To determine the properties of the reinforced materials, the fibres also have undergone various geosynthetic laboratory tests. The results of the study show that the bearing capacity of Shollinganallur fine-grained soil can be improved subsequently and water absorption by soil has been reduced significantly by using fibres.
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Ye, Erlei, Chunxia Shen e Hongjie Nan. "Study on Influencing Factors of Soil Sample Self-Absorption With Monte Carlo Method". In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92792.

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Abstract The detection efficiency of soil samples in a cylindrical measuring geometry was calculated using the Monte Carlo method, evaluating the self-absorption corrections in the energy range of 46-2615 keV. By controlling variables, the effects of parameters such as sample density, height and humidity on the self-absorption factor have been studied, and the corresponding correction functions have been obtained. The research results show that: for γ photons of a specific energy, the change of sample density has the greatest impact on self-absorption. For samples whose density is not much different from that of the standard sample, the impact of changes in height and humidity on self-absorption should be considered. In the high-precision measurement of samples containing low-energy γ-photon radionuclides, the errors caused by density, altitude and humidity should be comprehensively considered.
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Zheng, Q. F., e J. Zhao. "Impacts of absorption and desorption of biochar to ammonium in soil clay". In The 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814749916_0050.

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WANG, Y. B., e T. T. WU. "Notice of Retraction: Effect of lanthanum on absorption-desorption of copper in soil". In 2010 2nd Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology (ESIAT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esiat.2010.5567464.

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Duo-xi Yao, Zhi-guo Zhang, Jun Meng e Qing Yang. "Absorption and accumulation characteristics of plants to soil mercury in Huainan mining area". In 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893346.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Soil absorption"

1

Shenker, Moshe, Paul R. Bloom, Abraham Shaviv, Adina Paytan, Barbara J. Cade-Menun, Yona Chen e Jorge Tarchitzky. Fate of Phosphorus Originated from Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Soils: Speciation, Transport, and Accumulation. United States Department of Agriculture, giugno 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697103.bard.

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Beneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levelsBeneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levels that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction.
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2

Schlossnagle, Trevor H., Janae Wallace, e Nathan Payne. Analysis of Septic-Tank Density for Four Communities in Iron County, Utah - Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah. Utah Geological Survey, dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ri-284.

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Iron County is a semi-rural area in southwestern Utah that is experiencing an increase in residential development. Although much of the development is on community sewer systems, many subdivisions use septic tank soil-absorption systems for wastewater disposal. Many of these septic-tank systems overlie the basin-fill deposits that compose the principal aquifer for the area. The purpose of our study is to provide tools for waterresource management and land-use planning. In this study we (1) characterize the water quality of four areas in Iron County (Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah) with emphasis on nutrients, and (2) provide a mass-balance analysis based on numbers of septic-tank systems, groundwater flow available for mixing, and baseline nitrate concentrations, and thereby recommend appropriate septic-system density requirements to limit water-quality degradation. We collected 57 groundwater samples and three surface water samples across the four study areas to establish baseline nitrate concentrations. The baseline nitrate concentrations for Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 1.51 mg/L, 1.42 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, and 1.76 mg/L, respectively. We employed a mass-balance approach to determine septic-tank densities using existing septic systems and baseline nitrate concentrations for each region. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate is one of the principal indicators of pollution from septic tank soil-absorption systems. To provide recommended septic-system densities, we used a mass-balance approach in which the nitrogen mass from projected additional septic tanks is added to the current nitrogen mass and then diluted with groundwater flow available for mixing plus the water added by the septic-tank systems themselves. We used an allowable degradation of 1 mg/L with respect to nitrate. Groundwater flow volume available for mixing was calculated from existing hydrogeologic data. We used data from aquifer tests compiled from drinking water source protection documents to derive hydraulic conductivity from reported transmissivities. Potentiometric surface maps from existing publications and datasets were used to determine groundwater flow directions and hydraulic gradients. Our results using the mass balance approach indicate that the most appropriate recommended maximum septic-tank densities in Newcastle, Kanarraville, Summit, and Paragonah are 23 acres per system, 7 acres per system, 5 acres per system, and 11 acres per system, respectively. These recommendations are based on hydrogeologic parameters used to estimate groundwater flow volume. Public valley-wide sewer systems may be a better alternative to septic-tank systems where feasible.
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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar e Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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