Tesi: "Sociology of health"

1

Clouston, Sean. "Partnered for health: How health interacts with partnership and how policy manages health inequality". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97018.

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Abstract (sommario):

Marriage may benefit individuals as much as smoking harms their health. Men, in particular benefit from a gain of as much as 10 years in life expectancy; for women the gain is 4 years. While we know that these inequalities exist between those who are single and those who live in partnerships (marital or cohabitating), we do not know why they exist. Here are four hypotheses that suggest why there may be a relationship: Partnership Benefits, Positive Selection, Cleaning Up, and Negative Selection. However, the impact of each is related to policy context and gender over the life course. This dissertation uses longitudinal data from panel studies in Canada and the U.S. in order to consider the variable impact of gender and policy in changing the incentives involved in partnering and partnership type. We focus on the transition into partnership as a highly selective event that is followed, in theory, by a period of health and social benefits. We use smoothed non-linear adjusted health curves surrounding the transition into partnership in order to determine who partners, along with when and how much benefits accrue. All analyses are separated by gender to understand the role that gender has in finding partners and benefiting from partnerships. Findings suggest first partnership benefits dominate in Canada, and positive selection dominates in the U.S., that differences in social benefits and healthcare policy determine the importance of health selection. We also show that partnership type plays a role that depends on policy regime and that gender modifies the role that benefits and selection play. This dissertation therefore highlights the unintended impact that social policies have in determining who partners and when. Put simply, 'marriage matters' only when being 'not married' (i.e. single or cohabiting) is risky.
Le mariage peut être avantageux pour les gens, tout autant que le tabagisme nuit à leur santé. Les hommes, en particulier, bénéficient d'une augmentation de dix ans de leur espérance de vie; pour les femmes, cette augmentation est de quatre ans. Bien que nous soyons conscients que ces inégalités existent entre les personnes célibataires et celles qui vivent en partenariat (mariage ou concubinage), il existe quatre hypothèses qui semblent indiquer en partie ce qui se passe et pourquoi il en est ainsi : les avantages du partenariat, la sélection positive, la responsabilisation et la sélection négative. Cependant, l'incidence de chacune est liée au sexe des personnes et au contexte politique au cours de leur vie. La présente dissertation s'appuie sur des données longitudinales provenant d'études par panel réalisées au Canada et aux États-Unis, afin d'examiner l'incidence variable du sexe et des politiques dans la modification des incitations en cause dans les partenariats et les types de partenariats. Nous nous concentrons sur la transition vers le partenariat comme un événement hautement sélectif qui est suivi, en théorie, par une période d'avantages sur les plans social et de la santé. Nous utilisons des courbes de santé non linéaires ajustées lissées pour illustrer la transition vers un partenariat en vue de déterminer les personnes qui entrent en partenariat, le moment qu'elles choisissent pour le faire, ainsi que les avantages que ce partenariat leur procure. Toutes les analyses sont séparées par sexe pour comprendre le rôle variable que le sexe exerce sur la découverte d'un partenaire et les avantages que procure le partenariat. Les résultats semblent indiquer que les politiques publiques, surtout celles touchant les soins de santé, déterminent l'importance de la sélection relative à la santé, et que le sexe modifie le rôle que jouent les avantages et la sélection. La présente dissertation met donc en évidence les effets non intentionnels que les politiques sociales produisent dans la détermination des personnes qui entrent en partenariat et du moment qu'elles choisissent pour le faire. En d'autres termes, le « mariage est important » seulement lorsque le fait de n'être « pas marié » (c.-à-d., célibataire ou en concubinage) est risqué.

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2

GYASI, Razak Mohammed. "Ageing, health and health-seeking behaviour in Ghana". Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2018. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/otd/41.

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Rapid ageing of populations globally following reductions in fertility and mortality rates has become one of the most significant demographic features in recent decades. As a low- and middle-income country, Ghana has one of the largest and fastest growing older populations in sub-Saharan Africa, where ageing often occurs ahead of socioeconomic development and provision of health and social care services. Older persons in these contexts often face greater health challenges and various life circumstances including role loss, retirement, irregular incomes and widowhood, which can increase their demand for both formal and informal support. This thesis addresses the effects of the socio-political structure, informal social support and micro-level factors on health and health-seeking behaviour among community-dwelling older persons in Ghana. The theoretical perspectives draw on political economy of ageing, social convoy theory and Andersen5s behavioural model. Using multi-stage stratified cluster cross-sectional survey data of older cohorts (N= 1,200) aged 50 years and older, multivariate generalised Poisson and logit regression models estimated the associations among variables and interaction terms. Although Ghana’s national health insurance scheme (NHIS) enrollment was significantly associated with increased log count of healthcare use (β = 0.237), the relationship was largely a function of health status. Moreover, the NHIS was related with improved time from onset of illness to healthcare use (β = 1.347). However, even with NHIS enrollment, the intermediate (OR = 1.468) and richer groups (OR = 2.149) had higher odds of seeking healthcare compared with the poor. In addition, features of meaningful informal social support including contacts with family and friends, social participation and remittances significantly improved psychological wellbeing and health services utilisation. Somewhat counter-intuitively, spousal cohabitation was associated with decreased health services use (OR = 0.999). Whilst self-rated health revealed a strong positive association with functional status of older persons (fair SRH: β = 1.346; poor SRH: β = 2.422), the relationship differed by gender and also was moderated by marital status for women but not men. The employed and urban residents somewhat surprisingly had lower odds of formal healthcare use. The findings support the hypotheses that interactive impacts of aspects of structural and functional social support and removal of catastrophic healthcare costs are particularly important in older persons’ psychological health and health service utilisation. Nevertheless, Ghana’s NHIS currently apparently lacks the capacity to improve equitable attendance at health facility between poor and non-poor. In contributing to the public health and social policy discourse, this study proposes that, whilst policies to ensure improved health status of older people are recommended, multidimensional social support and NHIS policy should be properly resourced and strengthened so they may act as critical tools for improving health and health services utilization of this marginalized and vulnerable older people in Ghana. Moreover, policies targeting and addressing economic empowerment including universal social pensions and welfare payments should be initiated and maintained to complement the NHIS for older people. The achievement of age-relevant policies and Universal Health Coverage (UCH) as advocated by WHO could be enhanced by adopting some of these suggestions.

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3

Chrysanthou, Marc. "Mapping health in a (post)modern landscape : fragments towards a sociology of public health". Thesis, University of Salford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365954.

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4

Brown, Sally Rachael. "Men's health beliefs and behaviour in relation to heart attacks". Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342972.

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5

Wiltshire, Gareth. "A sociology of physical activity and health for young people". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17161.

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Background. Much research suggests that physical activity has important health benefits, yet many young people are disengaged with various forms of exercise. In light of this claim, various policies and interventions have been implemented to promote physical activity but, to date, have been largely unsuccessful and the target of some criticism. Reasons why many young people are relatively physically inactive are not well understood and current explanations rarely attend to sociological issues. Aims. The aims of this study were twofold; (1) to investigate the social processes which influence physical activity and health for young people, (2) to investigate ways to better promote physical activity and therefore reduce health inequalities. Methods. Twenty-nine participants aged 13-14 from 4 different schools in England took part in the study. Purposeful recruitment ensured sufficient diversity across gender, ethnicity, social class, ability, body shape, and self-reported physical activity. Over a seven-month period, various qualitative methods were used including focus groups, ethnomethodology and visual methods. Salient social theories were used to interpret the data. Findings. The interpretation of data resulted in four main findings; (1) health is a socially constructed concept that young people understand through particular structures of language, visual imagery and knowledge; (2) physical activity is sometimes seen as a purposeful practice aimed at increasing physical capital through burning calories and turning fat into muscle; (3) engagement in physical activity is often contingent on whether specific activities are directly endorsed/rejected by peers as socially acceptable/unacceptable activities; (4) physical activities and sedentary activities can be seen as social practices that young people take part in as part of a system of habitual dispositions. Implications. In order to reduce health inequalities, physical activity promoters might better account for these social processes. Suggestions for policy and practice include (1) using intervention strategies that move beyond individualistic conceptions of behaviour, (2) introducing a new vocabulary and imagery to the understanding of health, (3) reducing physical capital disparities in spaces where physical activity takes place, (4) encouraging and accommodating friendship groups in intervention designs, and (5) providing activities and spaces where young people s habituses can be enacted. Conclusions. Various social processes affect the extent and type of physical activity that young people engage in. Strategies to promote physical activity ought to account for these social processes. Sociologically informed qualitative research methods can contribute to knowledge in the field of physical activity and health.

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6

Howson, Alexandra. "Sisterhood is cervical : a sociology of the body, gender and health". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26626.

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This thesis addresses the sociology of the body and of governance by presenting empirical material, in the form of both textual and interview data, drawn from a case study of cervical screening. This material is used to examine women's experiences and their sense of embodiment in the context of cervical screening participation. The thesis argues that cervical screening, as a form of prevention, represents a new type of social regulation in late modernity. This argument challenges current understandings of the relationship between the body, gender and health. First, the thesis poses a distinction between the body and the concept of embodiment and argues that conflation of these two concepts obscures social processes and experiences. Second, the thesis addresses tensions between notion of citizenship and surveillance in the literature which focuses on bodily regulation and issues of health. Third, the thesis reveals previously obscured aspects of this experience, such as risk, obligation, trust and entitlement.

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7

Bates, Charlotte. "Vital bodies : a visual sociology of health and illness in everyday life". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2011. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6373/.

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This thesis addresses theoretical and methodological concerns to embody sociology. It offers an account of the body, health and illness in everyday life that uses a sensorially attentive research practice to take the body seriously and make it audibly, visibly and viscerally present. The thesis is based on empirical research conducted over a year using a multi-method approach to unlock everyday bodily experiences. Thirteen participants aged between twenty-three and forty-three were interviewed about their experiences of living with a long-term physical or mental health condition (asthma, bi-polar disorder, chronic pain, depression, type 1 diabetes, epilepsy, joint hypermobility syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and rheumatoid arthritis) and asked to make a video diary and/or keep a journal to show and tell about their body and their condition. In addition Polaroids and hand-drawn questionnaires were used to add dimensionality. The accounts that were made are presented in this written thesis and in the film that accompanies this text, with the aim of conveying a sociological analysis of illness that keeps the vitality of bodies alive. In doing so, the thesis offers an account of illness that is not based on anguish, isolation and powerlessness but on the embodied activity of living.

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8

Hipwell, Michele. "Models of health enhancing and illness provoking factors in mental health". Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2005. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7351.

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The aim of this study is to increase understanding about the causes of dysphoria, depression and anxiety by identifying the psychological factors that predict the development or protect the individual from developing mental health problems. A quantitative study, it is conducted over a period of a year and utilises a 3 wave observational longitudinal cohort design to investigate the relationship between the psychological variables and processes leading to mental health or ill health in a community group of female undergraduate students (N=183). Data is collected at 6 montly intervals for a period of a year from 183 female students. The participants are first year undergraduate students at a college of higher education. Characteristics from the students are collected using a battery of paper and pencil self report questionnaires in a group administration for the first wave of data and two postal questionnaires for follow up. Conceptual models are developed and tested statistically using structural equation modelling to explore the relationship between the elements identified for each model retrospectively and prospectively over a period of 12 months. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses are conducted for anxiety and depression separately. The elements of the models include positive and negative life events and protective and vulnerability factors for depression and dysphoria. Results from the cross-sectional and logitudinal analysis demonstrate that psychological factors have a significant effect on the development of depression and anxiety, with illness provoking factors explaining between 33-55% of the variance of depression in longitudinal analyses and 59-42% of the variance in cross-sectional analyses. They explain 45-57% of the variance in anxiety in longitudinal analyses and 28-50% in cross-sectional analyses. Health enhancing factors explain 18-19% of the variance in deprssion in longitudinal analyses and 47-49% of the variance in cross-sectional analyses. They explain 15-20% of the variance in anxiety in longitudinal analyses and 12-=20% of the variance in cross-sectional analyses. Health enhancing and illness provoking characteristics for depression and anxiety are identified in this study. They include enduring personality characteristics, cognitive styles and coping strategies and act as predictors for mental health outcomes or mediate or moderate the relationship between predictors and mental health outcomes.

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9

Husk, Norma Jean. "Info-Santé: A Case Study Of A Disembodied Health Care Service". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104520.

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AbstractThis study offers an investigation into the history and practice of a teletriage nursing service, Info-Santé. An overview of the Info-Santé service's historical evolution amid cut-backs to the Quebec health care system in the early-to-mid 1990s, with resulting structural changes to health care delivery situates the study within the wider social and political context. The division of labour within the health care system and the place of the Info-Santé nursing service within the health care network are also discussed with a resulting inquiry into an ‘ideal type,' that of ‘Real Nurse.' Two focus groups and in-depth open-ended interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of twenty nurses working in an Info-Santé call center in Sherbrooke, Quebec. In addition, participant observation took place over a period of several months at the same site. Foucault's notion of the clinical gaze is transformed in the absence of a physical ‘patient' in this exploratory case study. Results reveal that these nurses have developed a number of key strategies aimed at ‘hearing' the caller's health problem. In particular, various qualities of the voice as well as the ambient sounds available through the telephone are critical components in the nurses' constructions of the callers and their problems, resulting in the creation of a ‘disembodied' clinical gaze.
RésuméCette étude constitue une exploration de l'histoire et de la pratique d'un service infirmier de télétriage, Info-Santé. Un aperçu de l'évolution historique du service Info-Santé à la suite des coupures faites dans le système de soins de santé québécois vient situer l'étude dans les contextes social et politique élargis. Ce regard porte sur la période des coupures qui s'étend du début au milieu des années 1990; il prend en considération les changements structuraux qui en ont découlé sur le plan de la prestation des soins de santé. Il est aussi question de la division du travail dans le système des soins de santé et du rôle du service infirmier Info-Santé dans le cadre du réseau de soins. De cette discussion naît une réflexion sur le concept du « type idéal », c'est-à-dire de la « vraie infirmière ». Deux groupes de discussion et des entrevues ouvertes et approfondies ont été réalisés. L'étude portait sur un échantillon au jugé comportant vingt infirmières travaillant dans un centre d'appel Info-Santé de Sherbrooke, au Québec. De plus, l'observation participante s'est déroulée dans un même site sur une période de plusieurs mois. Dans cette étude de cas exploratoire, la notion de regard clinique définie par Foucault se transforme en l'absence d'un « patient physique ». Les résultats révèlent que ces infirmiers et infirmières ont développé nombre de stratégies clés visant à être « à l'écoute » du problème de santé de l'appelant. En particulier, les diverses qualités de la voix et les bruits ambiants audibles par l'entremise du téléphone sont des éléments essentiels permettant au personnel infirmier de se représenter les appelants et leur problème. Il en résulte la création d'un regard clinique « désincarné ».

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10

Hsu, Tze-Li. "HEALTH INEQUALITY: TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING PEOPLE'S HEALTH BY STUDYING LIVING ARRANGEMENTS". MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07082008-153914/.

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Promoting population health is an essential task for sustainable development. This study explores the association between socioeconomic status and perceived health in the United States, with special attention on the influence of living arrangements. It also improves the existing explanations of causal mechanisms underlying the impact of SES on health among Americans over 50. Using the first and seventh waves of Health and Retirement Study to run ordered logistic regression, this research addresses the importance of living arrangements and social capital on self-reported health. Income and education are both important predictors of self-reported health. In addition, living arrangements and household social capital also affects self-reported health after controlling individuals characteristics and SES indicators. These effects do not appear to mediate the socioeconomic effects on self-reported health. Future research should highlight better measures of living arrangements and social capital, as well as explore longitudinal analyses.

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11

Spiker, Russell L. Jr. "Shared Lives, Shared Health: Sexual Minority Status, Gender, and Health in Couple Relationships". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522337550313109.

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12

Pevalin, David J. "Social influences on health over the lifecourse". Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272504.

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13

Thor, Thorvardarson Haukur. "Fatique or Failure : An Investigation Into Youth-Centric Sexual and Reproductive Health Program". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1278.

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Today there is increasing pressure on NGOs in Tanzania who are working with sexual and reproductive health programs (SRHP) from foreign donors because the HIV/AIDS epidemic has taken on emergency proportions. The risk of increasing interference into the policy shaping of domestic SRHP is that the programs lose their

local relevance as they get too involved in pleasing foreign donor agendas in order to ensure donor funding. The aim of this study is to analyze the cooperation of The Tanzanian Family Planning Association (UMATI) UMATI and The Swedish Association for Sexuality Education (RFSU), who have jointly worked together to form the project Young Men as Equal Partners (YMEP). I argue that the YMEP project has failed to meet the needs of the adolescents with the peer-to-peer

methodology as the needs of the adolescents are not being met. The reasons for this are twofold: the Eurocentric post-colonialist nature of the project planning and the local exclusion of adolescents in the project planning process as their sexual and reproductive rights are not being addressed in formal or informal education programs because of traditionalist values. This study is a qualitative study, which uses semi-structured interviews conducted in secondary schools in Manyara Region in Tanzania as a method of data collection. The theory used in this study is a literature review wherein empirical results from both individual and group interviews will be compared

to other theoretical views. The conclusion of this study is that adolescents must be incorporated into the NGO programs as well as other stakeholders as this will perhaps challenge their traditionalist values and produce a sustainable behavioral change that will improve the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in The United

Republic of Tanzania.

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14

Baej, Khalifa Ali. "Social structure, health orientation and health behavior". PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3426.

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An attempt has been made to examine the relationship between social structure and medical factors in a framework which links cosmopolitanism to health orientation and behavior. Specifically, this study has attempted to investigate the variations in health knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behavior among individuals whose social structure varies in terms of cosmopolitanism.

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15

Maxwell, Jennifer. "The social construction of work and occupations : health visiting as a case study of women's health and welfare work". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297759.

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16

Shobe, Bennie. "Determinants of use of Health Care by Black Males". TopSCHOLAR®, 1997. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/356.

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The purpose of this research was to find the differences in the use of medical care between black males and white males and between young black males and older black males. A combination of the conflict perspective, formal-rationality, sick roles, and social learning perspective was used to understand what black males think about using medical care. Secondary analysis was performed on data from the 1992 National Health Interview Survey. ANOVA, t tests, correlation analyses, and multiple regressions were performed to determine the differences in the use of medical care and what factors influenced visiting a doctor. Results indicate no difference in the number of doctor visits per year for black and white males. Differences in the number of doctor visits were found to be associated with place of residency and age. Education, employment, and number of conditions were the three factors that had the most influence on the number of doctor visits.

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17

Clark, Pamela Michelle. "The body matters : understanding social differences in mental health". FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2377.

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This doctoral dissertation illuminates the salience of body image to sociological investigations of mental health. It is argued that concerns over body-appearance evident in America embody a dimension of distress over the physical self that may be appropriately considered a mental health outcome, called body dysphoria. Using cross-sectional data from a sample of 1,183 young adults comprising Hispanic, African American, and non-Hispanic white males and females of varying social classes, a valid and reliable measure of body dysphoria is developed and demonstrated to be a distinct dimension of psychological distress. From the standpoint of the sociology of mental health, the social distribution of body dysphoria makes known individual consequences of the stratified arrangements of society based on gender, race/ethnicity, and social class. Results reveal significant social differences in body dysphoria that are both consistent with and contrary to clinical studies attributing eating disorders to white, upper-class females. Body dysphoria is substantially greater among females supporting that unrealistic cultural ideals and standards of body- appearance remain disproportionately targeted at females in the development and presentation of self. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics exhibit higher average levels of body dysphoria while African Americans exhibit lower levels of comparable proportion. The question is addressed whether identification with the dominant (white) culture influences distress over body-appearance among racial/ethnic minorities. A small inverse association is revealed between social class origin and body dysphoria suggesting that individuals from lower social class backgrounds are as greatly affected by body image concerns generally presumed to preoccupy upper social classes. The stress process is a widely used theoretical paradigm for explaining structurally driven social differences in mental health outcomes. New evidence is introduced that the stress process may contribute to understanding body image problems. Regression analyses reveal that stress exposure has a significant positive association with body dysphoria that is mediated by varying psychosocial resources. Overall, the stress process explains the effects of social class origin and African American race/ethnicity on body dysphoria but does not account for the larger effects of being female or Hispanic.

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18

Rechel, Maggie E. "Pregnancy Intentions and Maternal Health Behaviors Reexamined: A Multidimensional Analysis". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243535056.

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19

Rouleau, Tanya. "Do Prior Attitudes Matter for Mental Health after Teen Childbirth?" The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1395682324.

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20

Zhang, Yun. "Influence of Spouses’ Health Status on the Health Behavior of Older Adults". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338316694.

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21

Dembeck, Terri L. "Dynamics of Collective Sensemaking and Social Structuring Action Nets| An Organizational Ethnography Within the Military Health System's Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557559.

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Organizational perception and conception of interactions and relationships vary over time and space. This study focused on the capacity within and between healthcare organizations to collectively make sense of ambivalent and ambiguous environments in the context of social structuring actions (Czarniawska, 2008; Johnson, 2009; Weick, 1995). The purpose was to develop narrative frames from which a deeper understanding could be developed of how collective sensemaking is enacted through reciprocal and reflective interorganizational relationships during the final phases of an intended multiorganizational integration endeavor (Barki & Pinsonneault, 2005; Oliver, 1990). This study explored and described collective sensemaking as recognizable patterned social structuring actions that surfaced during integration efforts within the Military Health System's Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury.

A narrative approach illustrated emergent social processes. In the process of collaboration, ongoing generative conversations (Taylor & Van Every, 2000; Hardy, Lawrence, & Grant, 2005; Weick, 2004) affected the relationships between collective sensemaking and social structuring. An interpretive constructionist perspective revealed practices involving the interplay of assignment of meaning (signification), reducing equivocality and integration; formation of a sense of community, establishing structures and norms (legitimation); and the effects of collaboration and power (domination) distribution (Giddens, 1984; Weick, Sutcliffe, & Obstfeld, 2005).

More than 24 months of embedded observation aided the researcher's awareness of ongoing narrative dynamics of collaborative actions setting the conditions for the emergence of interorganizational relationships (Harquail & King, 2010; Hatch, 1997; Hatch & Schultz, 2002) and embodied practices (Varela, Thompson, & Rosch, 1991). Throughout experiences of collective sensemaking, organizations interpose mini-narratives as evidence of reciprocal patterns of social structuring revealing cooperative behaviors interweaving coordinated actions and setting conditions for the structuring of collaborative integrating nets of collective action. This supports both Carniawska's (2008) and Weick's (1995) theory of organizing during collective sensemaking as enacted processes within relational conceptualizations and perceptions. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of collective sensemaking and social structuring; moreover, they incorporate the new paradigm of enaction (Kuhn, 1996; Stewart, Gapenne, & Di Paolo, 2010) as embodied sensemaking into organizational theory.

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22

Toivanen, Susanna. "Working Conditions, Income Differences, and Sense of Coherence in Relation to Ill Health". Licentiate thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Sociology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1010.

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The licentiate thesis explored the relationship between working conditions and wage income, and the relationship between working conditions and sense of coherence in relation to ill health, focusing on cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal pain, and psychological distress among the working population in Sweden. The studies were based on cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data (ULF and LNU), and on the Swedish census (FoB90) linked to the national cause of death registry. The samples included employed men and women residing in Sweden, aged 18-64.

The main results show that working conditions contributed to income differences in CVD prevalence as well as CVD mortality irrespective of study design or way of assessing working conditions. Further, sense of coherence moderated, yet not consistently, the impact of working conditions on musculoskeletal pain and psychological distress. The moderating role seemed to vary by work exposure, gender and health outcome. Hence, the results do not support the hypothesis that sense of coherence is a global health-protective factor.

The findings stress that future research into working conditions and employees’ health would benefit from including income in the analyses since wages are closely related to working conditions and to people’s position on the labour market. In addition, focusing on individual resources such as sense of coherence increases our undertanding of how individual differences in coping with adverse working conditions may affect health. Since the results also revealed considerable gender differences, suggesting that the factors that determine future work-related health are different for men and women, it is important to study men and women separately.

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23

Tumin, Dmitry. "Multiple Marital Dissolutions and Midlife Health". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1296507240.

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24

Murphy, Lee P. "Influencing Successful Organizational Change Through Improving Individual and Organizational Dimensions of Health". Thesis, Benedictine University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3583435.

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Abstract (sommario):

In both academic and management literature it has been often stated that 70% of change efforts are not successful (Kotter, 1995; Smith, 2002). And while this failure rate may not be empirically tested, it points to a reality that most change efforts are not only difficult, but they are often unsuccessful (Hughes, 2011). When an organization undergoes a major organizational change process, the expected impacts include increased employee stress and overall productivity dips in the midst of the change (Dahl, 2011; Elrod II & Tippett, 2002). Measuring the impacts of change on employees and on organizational effectiveness during the change can add value and help increase the chances for change initiative success by allowing necessary adjustments and identifying and leveraging additional business improvement predictors along the way.

In this dissertation, I answer the question “What is the impact of going through a major organizational change on business outcomes and employee and organizational health?” My results suggest that an organization can transform the expected negative effects of a major change effort to positive effects by focusing on three things: 1) Improving employee mental health; 2) Increasing positive practices, including leadership’s impact on the organization; and 3) Improving employee involvement, communication, and teamwork. Finally, the results also show that improved employee mental health and improved positive practices are significantly related to improved business outcomes. Organizational change outcomes can be successfully informed by linking business outcomes with change impact measures.

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Dirie, Aliya. "The association between entrepreneurship and health among millennials with ethnic minority backgrounds – an interview study : What are the health effects on millennial entrepreneurs from ethnic minority backgrounds in Europe?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55929.

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Abstract (sommario):

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between entrepreneurship and health amongst millennials with ethnic minority backgrounds. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 8 people from 8 countries in Europe. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings: The content analysis resulted in four categories ‘between despair and hope, ‘the virtues and vices of information technology’, ‘the ethnic background and racial identity as challenge and strength’ and ‘the pressure of being successful’. Conclusion: This study increased the understanding of entrepreneurship in association with health, how millennials from ethnic minority backgrounds face mental health issues due to many factors such as financial difficulties, cultural background, education, race etc. The results indicated the importance of providing safe spaces for millennial entrepreneurs from minority backgrounds to access mental health facilities, guidance, and support in their endeavors.

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26

Brolin, Låftman Sara. "Children's Living Conditions : Studies on Health, Family and School". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutet för social forskning (SOFI), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-31627.

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Abstract (sommario):

The present dissertation includes four empirical studies, each of which focuses on specific aspects of children’s living conditions. Study I analyses the association between young people’s social relations and health complaints using Swedish nationally representative survey data on 10- to 18-year-olds. Both relations with parents and with peers are associated with health complaints. Relational content is more strongly associated with health complaints than is relational structure. With regard to relational content, strained relations are more strongly associated with health complaints than are supportive relations. Study II investigates how effort and reward in school are associated with pupils’ subjective health using data from the Stockholm School Survey. Both effort and reward are shown to be positively associated with subjective health, and in particular pupils who report to put in high effort in school have high levels of subjective health. Contextual variation in health is found for girls but not for boys. Study III is based on Swedish register data and analyses the association between family type and choice of programme in upper secondary school. Children in single-mother households less often choose the natural science/technology (NT) programme compared with children who live with two original parents. Having a resident or a non-resident parent with NT skills is positively associated with choice of the NT programme. Study IV analyses the association between family type and social support, health, and material resources in 24 countries. The data are derived from the international Health Behaviour of School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. In a majority of the countries studied, children in single-mother households report smaller resources compared with children living with two original parents. No clear pattern is found with regard to differences between countries.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 4: Accepted.

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27

Dunlavy, Andrea. "Between Two Worlds : Studies of migration, work, and health". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141188.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis aims to investigate the extent to which work-related factors contribute to the health inequalities often observed between foreign-origin and native-origin persons in Sweden. Four empirical studies using survey data and population-based registers assessed the health impact of different labor market adversities among groups of foreign-origin persons who were both in and outside the labor market relative to native-origin Swedes. Studies I and II examined associations between different measures of working life quality, including adverse psychosocial and physical working conditions and educational mismatch, and self-reported health among the employed. Adverse psychosocial and physical working conditions minimally contributed to the excess risk of poor health found among workers from low- and middle-income countries. Over-education had a stronger association with increased risk of poor health, most notably among foreign-born workers from countries outside of Western Europe. Under-educated women from these countries also demonstrated an elevated risk of poor health. There was no association between educational mismatch and poor health among native-born workers. Studies III and IV focused on the health implications of labor market exclusion, and examined relationships between employment status and risk of all-cause mortality and suicide. The majority of foreign-origin groups that experienced unemployment showed an elevated risk of both mortality and suicide. The magnitude of excess risk varied by generational status and region of origin. Variations in patterns of suicide risk were also evident among migrants by age at arrival and duration of residence. Yet within many foreign-origin groups, health advantages were observed among the employed. The health of migrants is affected by the confluence of several different pre- and post-migration factors. The extent to which health inequalities are found among persons of foreign-origin in Sweden is influenced by the degree to which they experience labor market adversities, as well as differential vulnerability to the negative effects of these adversities across foreign-origin groups.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.

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28

Condon, Katherine Marie. "Health care utilization behavior of elders in a multicultural urban environment". FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2420.

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Abstract (sommario):

The objective of this research is to determine the influences of social, environmental, behavioral, and economic forces on the health care service utilization of four racial/ethnic groups of non-institutionalized elders in a multicultural urban environment. To address these issues this dissertation examines three intertwined themes of culture, aging, and health, using a sample of elders residing in Miami-Dade County, FL in four racial/ethnic groups: white non-Hispanic; black non-Hispanic English speakers; Cuban; and non-Cuban Hispanic. The research questions were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data. Data for the quantitative component uses telephone survey data from the Dade County Needs Assessment. The purpose of this component is to develop a more comprehensive model of elder health care utilization behavior. The qualitative component uses data from focus groups from Dade County Needs Assessment, archival data and a literature review of previous ethnographic research. The purpose of this component is to gain a better understanding of the social construction of the terms "age" and "aging," as well as to place issues of health and health care in the lives of elders.

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Marks, Jennifer. "Living in Sin, In Sickness and In Health? An Investigation of Cohabitation, Marriage, and Health". NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03202009-175559/.

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Abstract (sommario):

The physical and psychological health benefits of marriage have been well-documented in the family and medical sociology literature. Given the recent increases in the prevalence of cohabitation, this research asks whether marriage still confers the same health benefits, and whether cohabitation might do the same. Using two waves of a nationally representative sample, the effects of union type on eleven health outcomes were examined, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally; processual factors such as social support, health behaviors, and socioeconomic status were also examined. Union type was not a consistent predictor of health outcomes: spouses appear somewhat better off than singles, but major differences between cohabitation and marriage were not found. Further, the health benefits of marriage are primarily afforded to men, and the benefits of both union types are more pronounced for younger persons. Social support was a consistent and positive predictor of physical and psychological health, although men may receive greater benefits than women. Health behavior measures were not effective predictors of health outcomes, but this may be due to measurement issues. Socioeconomic status measures were also consistent predictors of physical and psychological health, although an individualâs employment was more often significant than total household income. Additional analyses were conducted to test the âselection hypothesisâ â that healthier people are more likely to enter unions. Results are supportive of selective effects for marriage, but not nearly as much so for cohabitation, implying that perhaps different mate selection processes are at work for the two union types. Theoretical, research, and policy implications are discussed.

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30

Hwong, Alison R. "Social Ties and Health: An Analysis of Patient-Doctor Trust and Network-Based Public Health Interventions Through Randomized Experiments and Simulations". Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493582.

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Abstract (sommario):

Humans are social creatures, bound by relationships. This dissertation investigates the structure and function of such interpersonal ties in two different contexts: patient-doctor trust and the diffusion of public health interventions across social networks. Each chapter of the dissertation focuses on a particular type of relationship: in Chapter 1, the patient-doctor relationship; in Chapter 2, friendship; and in Chapter 3, ties among friends, spouses, and siblings. The hope is that a better understanding of the nature of these ties and the work they do will enable policymakers to develop regulations and programs that promote the benefits and minimize harm in these exchanges. In Chapter 1, I present the results of a randomized controlled lab study on the effects of disclosure of payments that physicians receive from the pharmaceutical and medical device industry on patient-doctor trust. I find that certain dimensions of patient-doctor trust—honesty and fidelity—are lower for individual physicians when participants view payments of over $13,000 compared to lesser or no payments, but ratings of the physician’s competence do not change. In addition, trust in the medical profession and industry are not affected by disclosure. These findings suggest that industry payments to physicians that exceed $13,000 may need to be regulated, or at least carefully monitored. In Chapter 2, I present a sex-stratified analysis of a randomized controlled field experiment on the network-based diffusion of public health interventions. While men and women are more likely to have same-sex friends, they are both more likely to distribute the public health products to women than to men, revealing a contrast between the nominated ties and activated ties. This finding demonstrates that a traditional name generator for friend ties is a poor predictor of behavior regarding the spread of health-related phenomena. Further research is needed to explore alternative ways to elicit social network data to optimize diffusion, or else network-based strategies for the spread of socially beneficial innovations may need to be reconsidered. In Chapter 3, I use simulations based on the Susceptible-Infected (SI) process to explore the generalizability of the Honduras Study findings to other contexts. In particular, I look at the spread of public health interventions in the Karnataka (India) networks and compare the spreading processes to those in Honduras. The simulations reveal underlying network processes that can variably constrain and promote access to health information and products. As a whole, these studies seek to quantify the nature of social ties and related implications for health care providers and public health programming.
Health Policy

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31

Baker, Joseph O., Samuel Stroope e Mark H. Walker. "Secularity, Religiosity, and Health: Physical and Mental Health Differences between Atheists, Agnostics, and Nonaffiliated Theists Compared to Religiously Affiliated Individuals". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5383.

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Abstract (sommario):

Extensive literature in the social and medical sciences link religiosity to positive health outcomes. Conversely it is often assumed that secularity carries negative consequences for health; however, recent research outlining different types of secular individuals complicates this assumption. Using a national sample of American adults, we compare physical and mental health outcomes for atheists, agnostics, religiously nonaffiliated theists, and theistic members of organized religious traditions. Results indicate better physical health outcomes for atheists compared to other secular individuals and members of some religious traditions. Atheists also reported significantly lower levels of psychiatric symptoms (anxiety, paranoia, obsession, and compulsion) compared to both other seculars and members of most religious traditions. In contrast, physical and mental health were significantly worse for nonaffiliated theists compared to other seculars and religious affiliates on most outcomes. These findings highlight the necessity of distinguishing among different types of secular individuals in future research on health.

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32

Yamashita, Takashi. "HEALTH LITERACY AND HEALTH OUTCOMES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, HEALTH DISPARITY AND LEARNING FOR HEALTH OVER THE LIFE COURSE". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1307717893.

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33

Picone, Simone. "Refugees and public health in the Cape Town area : treating the Other". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14805.

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Abstract (sommario):

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-86).
The main focus of my thesis is the role and the faults of the welfare system in promoting public policies for the overall wellbeing of refugees in a South African global perspective; as indicator of such a system a study of the Health Sector has been carried out. The thesis takes into account the main sociological streams developed in migration studies (Karl Marx, Max Weber, Emile Durkheim, Georg Simmel, Robert Ezra Park) and it is focused on the analysis of the more recent pattern of multiculturalism and citizenship (Loren Landau, Alessandro Dal Lago, Francesco Remotti, Jonathan Crush, Francis B. Nyamnjoh, Jeremy Waldron, Etienne Balibar, Catherine Cross); the latter used as unit of analysis to understand the perverse mechanism of inclusion/exclusion from basic necessities, such as healthcare, for citizens and non-citizens.

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Lin, Jielu. "From static to signal: New frontiers in trajectory modeling of health inequalities". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1401892405.

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35

Tumin, Dmitry. "Causation and Selection Perspectives on the Evolution of U.S. Marital Health Gaps". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437659610.

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36

Dikweni, Lulama. "An assessment of the health channel broadcasting multimedia for communication and dissemination of information in the health sector". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17349.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study reported on here was conducted between December 2003 and April 2004. The aim of the study was to assess the use of Health Channel Broadcast Multimedia (HCBM) in order to maximise its success. The HCBM is an Information Technology method that was used to disseminate health information in public health facilities. HCBM was installed in health facilities and was used as an education tool. This was done by further developing the clinical skills of the health care workers (HCWs) and to inform the patients, including the community members on HIV/AIDS and related communicable diseases. The study was conducted in eight health facilities in seven provinces where HCBM was piloted. Facilities and forty-nine health professionals (HCWs) were selected conveniently and one hundred and twenty-eight patients were sampled using a systematic random method. The convenient sampling method was relevant since these were key facilities with HCBM. There were very few HCWs who did view HCBM and they were drawn into the study. HCBM used programmes disseminating messages in Afrikaans, English, sePedi, seSotho, siSwati, isiXhosa and isiZulu. The Rapid Assessment Response (RAR) approach was used to give a quick appraisal of the study. The report focuses on the cross-sectional reporting of the quantitative technique of the RAR. Of the HCWs, 86% had viewed the broadcast content, 70% were satisfied with the broadcast mode of service delivery; 56% indicated that the messages were good and added educational value to their professional work, while 52% chose to use the IP box content with HIV/AIDS topics. Ninety-two percent of HCWs stated that HCBM targeted patients and young people, 48% said HCBM had the ability to convey information and 48% said it was capable of addressing health problem. When HCBM was being set up, 62% HCWs engaged in decision making. Patients mentioned that HCBM as a method of information dissemination was educative (62%) and informative (52%). They reported that they did hear messages on HIV/AIDS telling them that medication was available for free to treat within 72 hours after being raped (72%); they had the right to say no to unsafe sex (92%); and 76% said the broadcast had the ability to change people’s behaviour. Respondents reported that the messages were easily understood (44%). The conclusion is that the findings will be useful to inform the government and managers of HCBM programmes on how to maximise the success of HCBM, especially at the implementation phase.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie verslag doen verslag oor die resultate van ’n ondersoek wat tussen Desember 2003 en April 2004 onderneem is. Die doel van die verslag is om die doeltreffendheid van die gebruik van ’n multimedia gesondheidsuitsendingkanaal, Health Channel Broadcast Multimedia (HCBM) te bepaal. Hierdie is nuwe tegnologie wat gebruik word om gesondheidsinligting slegs in die openbare gesondheidsektor te versprei. Die studie is by agt openbare gesondheidsfasiliteite in sewe provinsies waar die HCBM volledig gevestig was, onderneem. Nege-en-veertig gesondheidskundiges (HPW’s) is volgens ’n gerieflikheidsteekproef geselekteer, en 128 pasiënte is met behulp van ’n sistematiese ewekansige steekproef geselekteer. Die HCBM het programme gebruik wat boodskappe in Afrikaans, Engels, sePedi, seSotho, siSwati, isiXhosa en isiZulu uitgesaai het. ’n Benadering bekend as die Rapid Assessment Response (RAR) is gebruik om ’n vinnige evaluering van die studie te maak. Die verslag konsentreer op die deursneerapportering van die kwantitatiewe tegniek van die RAR. Van die HPW’s het 85% na die inhoud van die uitsending gekyk, 70% was tevrede met die uitsendingmodus van dienslewering, 56% het aangedui dat die boodskappe goed was en van opvoedkundige waarde in hulle professionele werk, terwyl 52% verkies het om die Internet Platform-inhoud met MIV/Vigs-temas te gebruik. Twee-en-negentig persent van die HPW’s het te kenne gegee die HCBM is gerig op pasiënte en die jeug, 48% het gesê HCBM het die vermoë om inligting oor te dra, en 48% het gesê dit is geskik om na die gesondheidsprobleem om te sien. Tydens die instelling van die HCBM het 62% HPW’s aan besluitneming deelgeneem. Van die pasiënte met grade 0–6 as opvoedingspeil het 75% verkies om brosjures te gebruik bo enige ander massamedia, en 72% mans en 67% vrouens het na boodskappe oor die behandeling van MIV/Vigs-simptome geluister. Inligting oor vrywillige berading en toetsing voor swangerskap is deur 66% van die vrouens gehoor. Meer as 90% van hulle was bewus van die reg om nee te sê vir seks of onveilige seks. Pasiënte oor die hele residensiële gebied was dit eens dat die taalgebruik in die uitsendings maklik verstaanbaar was. Oor al die opvoedkundige grade heen is saamgestem dat die HCBM die voorgenome boodskap oorgedra het. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die bevindings waardevol is om die regering en bestuurders van die uitsendingsprogram in te lig oor hoe om die ander fases te verbeter. Dit sluit Fase 2 in, wat die uitvoering van die HCBM behels.

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Mardis, Nicole. "The state of health information technology standards: the conflation of the technical and the political in the development of a pan-Canadian electronic health record system". Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67001.

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Abstract (sommario):

The convergence of political and technical challenges is demonstrated in a case study on a collaborative initiative to develop a pan-Canadian Electronic Health Record (EHR) system. It is argued that the juxtaposition of different domains, procedures, knowledge bases, and entities involved in establishing a pan-Canadian EHR has resulted in the development of a new, hybrid form of collaboration.
Cette étude de cas d'un projet collaboratif de développement d'un dossier de santé électronique (DSE) pan-canadien démontre que le déroulement de ce projet a donné lieu à une convergence d'enjeux politiques et techniques. La juxtaposition de différents domaines, procédures, bases de connaissances, et entités impliqués dans l'établissement d'un DSE pancanadien a ainsi abouti à l'élaboration d'une nouvelle forme hybride de collaboration.

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Russell, Richard Lloyd. "In sickness and in health: Elderly men who care for wives with dementia". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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39

Johnson, Danielle. "Quantifying the Effects of Community Health Center Access on Health for Medically-Vulnerable Populations". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/373453.

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Abstract (sommario):

Sociology
Ph.D.
Established in 1965 as a part of President Johnson’s War on Poverty effort, the federal community health center (CHC) program is a primary source of federally-subsidized quality health care services for medically-vulnerable populations in the United States. Despite its current role as a medical safety-net for the nation’s health care system, the CHC program did not begin as a public health program, but rather as a social justice program. Since its formalization, the CHC program has enjoyed relatively consistent Congressional support as a cost-effective means of providing primary healthcare to indigent populations; however, the narrative of the program has shifted overtime from a focus of empowerment and lifting communities out of poverty, to the fortification of the national health care system as a cost-effective provider of quality healthcare care for all. In this manuscript, I argue that this transition from community empowerment and the mitigation of fundamental causes of disease to a more risk-based emphasis on the issue of access, has diminished the urgency around the engagement of the structural effects of poverty on health in favor of a “one size fits all” approach to the provision of basic health care. In an effort to objectively quantify the effects of geographic access on health as a means for evaluating the success of the contemporary program, this research project explores the extent to which proximal access to a CHC is significantly associated with various self-reported indicators of positive health outcomes. My primary research method is multivariable regression utilizing secondary data from the 2012 Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey, the 2008-2012 5-year American Community Survey Estimate, and the Health Resources and Services Administration Data Warehouse. Using statistical modeling, I test the effect of CHC access on three distinct measures of individual health: (1) self-reported health status, (2) the likelihood of having pain lasting 6 months or more, and (3) the likelihood of having a usual source of health care. Within each model, I also test a series of interaction terms through nested sub-models to uncover any conditional effects of access for selected social groups. This statistical design offers the opportunity to explore whether the main association between access to a CHC and health varies based on the social characteristics and/or social environment of the individual. The findings of my analysis suggest that the effect of CHC access varies for different social groups, with less disadvantaged groups, such as poor non-Hispanic whites with high social capital, and poor individuals living in areas of low disadvantage, receiving the greatest benefit from proximal CHC access. However, individuals at the extremes of social disadvantage benefit least from CHC access alone. I argue that while the provision of CHC access is a noble and necessary tactic for fighting the persistence of health disparities in our medically-vulnerable communities, focusing on access alone is insufficient to solve the problem. The pendulum must switch back to community empowerment and the eradication of structural threats to health to initiate real change for medically-vulnerable populations.
Temple University--Theses

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40

Bjornstrom, Eileen E. S. "Local Inequality and Health: The Neighborhood Context of Economic and Health Disparities". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1246394529.

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41

Stewart, Warrick Tremayne. "Authentic Leadership as a Model for Reducing Licensed Mental Health Professional Leader Burnout". Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3680284.

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Abstract (sommario):

A considerable deficit of Licensed Mental Health Professionals (LMHPs) is expected in the United States because of the rapid professional burnout and turnover. Research has related various leadership styles to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and retention. This study focused on authentic leadership theory and the relationship between authentic leadership and burnout. The researcher conducted a causal-comparative study with a convenience sample of 116 licensed mental health professionals to assess the relationship between authentic leadership and LMHP leader burnout in an attempt to identify a solution to the systemic burnout and turnover problems in community mental health centers. The results indicated that authentic leadership was a statistically significant predictor of all three subscales of the MBI. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the subcomponents of authentic leadership had a relationship with the three subscales of the MBI. The transparency sub-component of authentic leadership was particularly important because it was a statistically significant predictor of the emotional exhaustion subscale, while the balanced processing and self-awareness subcomponents were also statistically significant predictors of the depersonalization subscale. The moral sub-component of authentic leadership was a statistically significant predictor of the personal accomplishment subscale, which makes this study useful for development of leadership trainings designed to promote work environments that are able to minimize burnout and turnover in LMHPs.

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Bijou, Christina. "Skin Tone and Mental Health among African Americans and Caribbean Blacks in the U.S". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574437390985803.

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43

Lynch, Jamie L. "Child Health and Cognitive Development at the Onset of the Life Course". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1310147160.

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44

Young, Ruth Marion. "Social rules and health-related behaviour : a study of women in Liverpool". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295832.

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45

Al, Masarweh Luma Issa. "Barriers to Native American Women Veterans’ Health Care Access on TwoReservations: Northern Cheyenne and Flathead". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5236.

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Abstract (sommario):

Little research has addressed the needs of Native American veterans. This study aims to provide a better understanding of Native American women veterans’ experiences using data from the Veteran Administration and Indian Health Services. Fifteen interviews were conducted with special attention to quality and quantity of health and mental health care services available to veterans, the barriers and local contextual factors in accessing and utilizing services, and potential solutions to service gaps for women veterans from two Montana reservations, the Northern Cheyenne and Flathead Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes. American Indians and Alaska Natives serve at a higher rate in the U.S military than any other population. Native American women veterans identified many barriers to accessing care, some of which include lack of information regarding eligibility and the type of services available. Many found the application process to be confusing and difficult. Other barriers included distance, cost of travel, and conflict with their work schedule. This research provides important data about Native American veterans who are often underrepresented in survey research and are a rapidly growing segment of the United States military and veteran population.

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46

Scheu, Linda L. "Household health care expenditure and health services utilization decisions in Honduras". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278809.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study utilizes national household income and expenditure data from Honduras, collected by the Honduran Central Bank in 1998--99, to examine two distinct health issues. First a tobit censored regression model is estimated to identify the variables that affect monthly household expenditures on health. This analysis is then used to examine income elasticities for health goods. Secondly, a nested bivariate probit model is used to study the socio-economic and demographic variables that influence a Honduran household's decision to seek health services attention when a household member is acutely ill and, consequently, how they then choose between public and private health services.

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Toksabay, Burcu. "The Health Right Of Refugees In Turkey". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611661/index.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):

The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the access of refugees to the right of health in Turkey. There are significant problems in the access of refugees to the available health services and there are no special health services designed to meet the needs of the refugees. Through field research in a city where refugees are settled, the problems related with the access to health services by refugees were examined. In a qualitative study design, this piece of research involved in depth interviews with health professionals, representatives of the NGOs working with refugees and refugees to understand the problems associated with the access of refugees to health services and the dynamics of the clinical encounter between the health professionals and refugees. The study has found that refugees cannot reach sufficient and appropriate health services in Turkey and their fundamental right of access to the right to health is not realized in practice. Moreover, it was found that the provision of health services is riddled with many difficulties, such as the lack of professional translators, the stereotypes common among health professionals about refugees. The legislation about health services and health insurance should be revised in a way to cover all asylum-seekers and to provide special health services for refugees such as comprehensive medical screenings on arrival and trauma and psychological counseling.

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Stuart, Gabriella. "The relationship between institutional and interpersonal trust and health information seeking behaviour in Sweden – a quantitative analysis". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-180792.

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Trust for health care professionals (interpersonal trust) and the health care system (institutional trust) is imperative for the performance of health care systems. However, at the same time, contemporary societies today are characterised by decreasing levels of trust and citizens today are increasingly inclined to seek health information from sources beyond health care professionals. Sociologists have argued that societal institutions, such as the health care system, are subject to individuals’ increasing mistrust, which has created a “critical distance” between lay citizens and modern medicine. In this critical distance, the health care system and its representatives are continually questioned why citizens’ trust for the medical institution can not be taken for granted. Because individuals living in the modern society are more inclined to take control over their health by engaging in health information seeking behaviour, the present study aims to examine whether there exists an association between interpersonal and institutional trust and differences in health information seeking behaviour. This study focuses on the Swedish context, where decreasing levels of trust for societal institutions - including the health care system, have been reported. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using data from European Social Survey (2004) was utilised to answer the research questions “Is the degree of trust for the health care system in Sweden associated with individuals' health information seeking behaviours?” and “Is the degree of trust for health care professionals in Sweden associated with individuals' health information seeking behaviours?”. The majority of the results from this study were not statistically significant, why the null hypothesis can not be ruled out. More recently collected data and more representative operationalisations of variables might generate more valid results. The study topic provides a potentially fruitful and valuable route for future scientific research, why it is considered important to further investigate whether mistrust for the healthcare system and its experts motivates individuals to consult alternative sources rather than health care professionals when seeking health information.

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Goldner, Melinda Ann. "Explaining the success of the alternative health care movement : how integrative medicine is expanding western medicine /". The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148795015359997.

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50

Vale, Beth. "From manual to makeshift: the practice of community health work in Wallacedene and Bloekombos informal settlements". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11340.

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Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis investigates community health workers' negotiation between the prescribed 'manual' for care and the lived realities of their field, exploring how prescriptions of public health are reappropriated through the micro-politics of everyday practice. What inventiveness, agency and tactical manoeuvres are woven between abstract ideals and situational demands? And how are these shaping the content of care? Community health work has been established as the model for health service delivery in resource-poor settings, particularly those hard-hit by AIDS. While its outcomes are widely celebrated, what this success looks like in practice remains under-explored. This dissertation investigates the messy application of this abstract model of care within a specific social context, exploring the place of care in the lives of carers, and how circumstantial pressures shape care delivery in unintended ways.

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Tesi sul tema "Sociology of health"

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