Tesi sul tema "Sociologie des champs"
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Streicher, Frédérique. "Métiers de sociologues dans des champs extra-universitaires : identités, transactions et stratégies de professionnalisation". Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN21038.
This research based on the inductive and qualitative perspective of comprehensive sociology and on the structural analysis of biographical narratives, aims at showing how the socials professional identities of graduates in sociology are transformed by their jobs. The building of sociologists' identities proceeds from a double transaction both biographical and relationship based which they elaborate during the processes of scientific and then professional socialisation. The transformation of initial skills is made through a process of acculturation when it contact with socio-professionnal milieus whose expectations in terms of roles and knowledge are different from scientific references : new statuses and skills are elaborated through an inter-penetration of qualifications and jobs. The building of the professional skills of non academic sociology leads to social transactions producing transactional objects. The professionalisation process ultimately leads to the development of the hybrid scientific skills of expertise and the diffusion of an operational type of the sociology. These strategies of professionalisation are here studies in the light of the sociology of professions and strategic analysis. It appears that sociologists open negotiations in actor systems so as to accumulate a cultural and social capital enabling them to open margins of autonomy in the production of applied sociological knowledge. Yet they situate themselves in social positions defined on the basis of stereotyped professional classifications even if these socially constructed categories are not determined by an established profession. Yet, while referring to the professional ethics of academic sociology and to the social ethos of intellectual middle-classes, the sociologists of the sample nonetheless have “cosmopolitan” professional itineraries so as to accumulate experience and in order to knowledge to increase their transactional power
Lacroix, Stéphane. "Les champs de la discorde : une sociologie politique de l'islamisme en Arabie Saoudite (1954-2005)". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0061.
This thesis is the result of a dual ambition : first, my aim was to write, on the basis of primary sources, a history that had never been written, that of islamism in Saudi Arabia since the symbolic date of 1954, which marked the beginning of the Muslim Brotherhood’s exodus to Saudi Arabia. Second, I have tried, using political science’s toolbox, to produce an analytical framework capable of accounting for the evolutions which this islamism has gone through from the days of its emergence to the current period. To this aim, I have drawn inspiration from the sociology of social movements, while relying on the paradigm of social differentiation put forward by Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Dobry. I have therefore distinguished between three phases that have marked the development of the Sahwa, i. E. The main entity within the Saudi “islamist family”, and which correspond to the three parts of this study: a pre-mobilization phase (1954-1985), characterized by the predominance of sectorial logics, and during which the Sahwa builds its ideology and interpretation frames, on the one hand, and its mobilizing structures, on the other hand; a mobilization phase (1985-1995), during which sectorial boundaries fade, letting the Sahwa, now transfigured as a contentious movement, gain unity, which leads to a political crisis; and a “post-islamist” demobilization phase (1995-2005), marked by the decline of contention and the return to sectorial logics
Yuan, Wei. "La traduction des romans français en Chine (1993-2017) :Champs, agents et paysages littéraires". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/314399/3/Contrat.pdf.
This work addresses the place of French literature in China by tracing the translation routes of contemporary French novels. The translation process was transformed at the end of 1992, when China signed two important international conventions of copyright. Inspired by the sociological approach of Translation Studies, this thesis adopts the conceptual tools of Pierre Bourdieu and proposes a study based on field research and quantitative analysis of first-hand statistics. The goal is thus to illustrate the translation mechanism shaped by the social structure, to identify the agents and to understand who translates what in this conditioned process. In the first section which traces the history of literary translation in China with Bourdieu's tools, we note that no matter who dominates the translation - writers, translators, the State or academics - the French literature conveys usually a rich symbolic capital in China. We argue in the second part that the introduction of a market economy in 1993 has reshaped the power relation between the various agents, and pushed the editors and publishers to play a relatively decisive role - even if still under state control. Therefore, commercial production is greatly enhanced. In this landscape, the situation of French novels seems out of step. We reveal in the third part that in terms of working process, French novels mobilize special agents trained by the academic field whose vocation lies in the literature of small-scale production rather than the large-scale production, and this observation is testified by analyzing the catalog of the most active publisher in the field (Shanghai 99). The fourth part presents a panorama of contemporary French authors who’s been translated, and realizes the presumption that French translated works are concentrated in the restricted pole: French bestsellers are also translated, but they do not sell well in China. However, we still observe that French authors with a limited readership have been able to find a Chinese publisher who corresponds to their literary genre and have their works translated systematically. In short, we argue that in China today, French novels are no less translated, but they are rather managed by agents who are located in the sub-field of small-scale production, in a balance of power between academic field and economic field.
Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Idier, Antoine. "Les vies de Guy Hocquenghem : Sociologie d'une trajectoire à l'intersection des champs politiques, culturels et intellectuels français des années 1960 aux années 1980". Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0038/document.
Brun, Éric. "Guy Debord et l'Internationale situationniste : sociologie d'une avant-garde « totale »". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0076.
At the crossing of the intellectual's sociology, political sociology and the sociology of artistic movements, this PhD dissertation analyzes the evolution of a group named "Situationist International" (S. I. ) and of its leader, Guy Debord (1931-1994). It was founded in 1957 from the merging of some small groups of "avant-garde" artists, it became a "revolutionnary" political movement during the 1960s. The core of this dissertation is to understand this "reconversion" by studying the social properties, the positions and the stands taken by the situationnists, such a reconversion, wich can also be considered as the decompartmentalization of the different social sectors of activity, is an opportunity to test a new object of the concept of field forged by Pierre Bourdieu. It also sheds a new light on the relationships artists and intellectuals maintain with politics. In keeping with its work on redefining the conceptions of creation and selflessness, the S. I. Is led to take some distance from the artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for literary and artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionnary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for litterary and artistic avant-gardes in the 1950s. As well as to a transformation of the space of political possibles at the beginning of the 1960s. Lastly, it brings out internal struggles within the movement, the study of wich reveals the mechanisms that control the forming of avant-garde groups as well as the obstacles to the their becoming international
Magrou, Marthe. "Technique et nature cultivée : entre symbolisme et pratiques agraires : approche anthropo-sociologique des épouvantails dans les champs : études en nord Nouvelle-Aquitaine". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20022/document.
Today's farmers are « ultra-modern » gear and machine users. But in their fields, which are at the heart of what makes the economic strength of France (the second biggest cereal exporter in the world), they still use traditional scarecrows. This is the study of what seemed like a set of paradoxes in terms of appearance and symbolism. Purposefully distancing itself from the usual explanations about the agricultural social, and basing itself on a body of previous anthropological works, this study is about practices, their social origins and their consequences. The result is a set of analysis and findings allowing a reinterpretation of agricultural realities. Looking at it this way, the french agriculture appears flourishing, ingenious, inventive, reactive and adaptable. Which is rarely said about it. But it also seems to manage it at the cost of an ancient and powerful social mechanics: the disqualification and the elimination of what maid the ancestral peasantry. Thus we end up encountering what seems like a systemic cause of the “suicides” of struggling farmers. Indeed, one of the specificities of their activity is that by shutting down, they make available agricultural lands that others need to thrive
Sedel, Julie. "La banlieue comme enjeu de lutte symbolique : contribution à l'analyse des relations entre médias et champs sociaux". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0074.
This PHD analyses the media coverage of poor districts through the study of lower-class urban neighbourhoods and of the work of journalists'. The first part shows the combined effects of the transformations of poor areas (through monographs realized in two social-housing areas in the suburb of Paris) and of the journalistic field on the production of a dominant representation of « trouble-spot ». The second part looks at how the journalists work in these areas and the way their sources (policemen, sociologists, municipalities, associative actors, social workers, and so forth) attempt to become part of the production process of news items. The third part deals with the different procedures implemented in two council block areas, in the aftermath of journalistic scandals in which they are involved. In order to deal with journalists, the reactions range from creation of communication cells by the local municipalities, attempt at controlling the speech of the young generation through the elder brothers, local associations' concerted endeavours at offering a unified vision to the media, and even cases of physical aggressions against journalists in order to forbid their access to the area. It is because the media provide powerful instruments in the making of reputations that such controlling reactions occur ; such a phenomenon illustrates the-paradox according to which the more media coverage a domain receives, the less journalists themselves produce the information
Russczyk, Jaqueline. "Práxis pedagógica : modo de vida da juventude rural e ensino de sociologia". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79124.
O tema central deste estudo é o ensino de sociologia no ensino médio direcionado aos jovens do campo. Deste modo, tem-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: em que medida a práxis pedagógica do ensino de sociologia considera o modo de vida dos jovens rurais e, especialmente, dos jovens rurais assentados, e contribui para o desenvolvimento humano? Para responder a esta questão, foram pesquisadas três escolas no município de Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, uma escola em área urbana e duas escolas no assentamento do MST. Foi aplicado um questionário para 36 jovens rurais e 36 jovens rurais assentados. O estudo teve abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, juntamente com o método das representações sociais. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram: inquérito por questionário, entrevista, observação, pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram usados os seguintes instrumentos de coleta de dados: questionário, roteiro de questões, diário de campo, gravador, máquina fotográfica, bibliografias. Conclui-se que os jovens ainda não conseguem transpor a fronteira entre conhecimento de senso comum e conhecimento científico, mesmo que em nível de ensino médio. Compreende-se que, para que o ensino de sociologia contribua ao desenvolvimento rural, além dos pontos sobre formação docente, currículo, participação, acessos e recursos voltados à educação e demais serviços, a práxis pedagógica em sociologia necessita ser resultante da utilização da teoria para analisar a própria prática docente, ou seja, pesquisar o próprio ensino de sociologia e as características dos sujeitos que fazem parte da mediação pedagógica, sem estereotipar seu modo de vida e potencializando o engajamento, a liberdade de ser e de fazer.
The central theme of this study is the teaching of sociology in secondary education targeted at rural young students. Thus, we have the following research problem: to what extent the pedagogical praxis of sociology teaching considers the way of life of rural youth, and especially young rural settlers, and contributes to human development? In order to answer this question, three schools in the city of Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, a school in an urban area and two schools in the MST settlement were surveyed. A questionnaire was administered to 36 young men and 36 settled rural youths. The study was quantitative and qualitative approach, together with the method of social representations. The research techniques used were: questionnaire survey, interview, observation, literature. The following instruments were used to collect data: questionnaires, question script, field journal, tape recorder, camera, bibliographies. It is concluded that young people are still unable to cross the border between common-sense knowledge and scientific knowledge, even at high school. It is understood that, in order to make the teaching of sociology contribute to rural development, besides the points on teacher training, curriculum, participation, access and resources devoted to education and other services, the pedagogical praxis in sociology needs to be resulting from the use of theory to analyze the own teaching practice, i.e. it needs to research the teaching of sociology and the characteristics of the subjects that are part of the pedagogical mediation without stereotyping their way of life and enhancing their engagement, the freedom to be and do.
Dieudonne, Maël. "Une société pathogène ? : les hypersensibilités environnementales au prisme de la sociologie cognitive". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2134/document.
For about two decades, the number of people claiming to suffer from multiple chemical sensitivity or electromagnetic hypersensitivity has been steadily increasing in France.T hese persons experience various and sometimes quite disabling somatic symptoms, which they attribute to exposure either to chemicals or to anthropogenic electromagnetic fields. The definition, and even the existence of these diseases are controversial. They are not legally recognized and their victims resort to self-diagnosis. However, this is not a cognitively easy task. Its implications are also far-reaching: it results in a radical change in their views of themselves, their environment and their community, as well as significant alterations in their daily lives and behaviour. It is thus an interesting phenomenon to explain for a cognitive sociology concerned with how mental representations evolve and influence conduct. Such is the purpose of this thesis. The analysis relies mostly on ethnographic materials and is conducted in a comprehensive and ecological perspective. It falls into three stages. The first one is devoted to an exploration of the controversies aroused by environmental sensitivities, so as to clarify their lack of legitimacy. The second one deals with the subjective experience and biographical trajectories of environmentally sensitive persons. The last one tries to explain the appearance and persistence of their conviction that they are hypersensitive with a utilitarian model in which emotions play a prominent role. To conclude, a comparison is outlined with other epidemics of medically unexplained symptoms
Saura, Bruno. "Champ religieux, champ politique : les fondements d'une sociologie des pouvoirs en Polynésie française". Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX32024.
This thesis deals with the respective autonomy of the religious and the political fields in french polynesia. The first part is an historical summary of their evolutions, from the ancient society unto second world war. Then is examined the slow decline of protestantism, the emergence of new peripheral churches and the reinforcement of roman catholicism. Following this, the religious influence inpolitical life is analysed en 3 points: des it exist "religious votes" in french polynesia? De we see the appearence of religious culture in politics? And dees a religious status cefere to semeome an advantage in gainging political mandats? The last part of this thesis deals with churches as political entities (or witnesses?) In the political field in tahiti and ether countries of oceania. In conclusion, the attention focuses en the concept of crisis in both the political and the religious fields
Mangin, Maïlys. "La conversion de l'AIEA à la lutte contre la prolifération nucléaire : une internationalisation tactique des jeux gouvernementaux nord-américains, d'Atoms for peace aux sanctions contre les « Atomic ayatollahs »". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILD024.
This thesis analyzes the transformations of the IAEA's (International Atomic Energy Agency) nuclear non-proliferation missions and the uses to which they are put, from its creation during the Cold War to the Iranian nuclear crisis. It exposes the social foundations of a process of politicization of the IAEA, characterized by the intensification and conflictualization of exchanges of blows between the social actors and sectors that mobilize the institutional resources of this IO. Drawing on a variety of interviews and archives, the thesis sheds light on the constraints that this politicization context exerts on the perceptions and practices of actors both inside and outside the IAEA's institutional boundaries. The thesis first traces how the bipolar system, and then its collapse, influenced the way in which North American foreign policy actors addressed the problem of nuclear proliferation, and structured the ways in which the IAEA was mobilized in this respect. After having been a by-product of the United States' civilian nuclear export policy, the IAEA's non-proliferation activities were called into question as part of US struggles to restructure post-Cold War foreign policy in the Middle East. This thesis then analyzes how this politicization process, as a logic of situation, structures the way in which the IAEA's expertise is produced and mobilized in the context of the Iranian dossier. It shows that the IAEA's investigation in Iran, from 2003 onwards, is as much an autonomous technical process as a fuel for the competition to define (un)acceptable Iranian nuclear activities. In this respect, this thesis proposes an alternative to “circulatory” sociology, substituting the study of import-export logics between national spaces with that of tactical interdependence between social spaces with no geographical proximity. Going beyond the opposition between instrumental uses and legitimizing virtues of IOs, this approach helps to renew the analysis of the strategic uses of IOs and their effects
Morel, Stanislas. "L'échec scolaire en France (1960-2010) : sociologie d'un champ d'intervention professionnelle". Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0049.
This thesis deals with the "social problem" of school failure from the space of the profession al groups involved in its definition and / or remediation. This space is approached as a "field of professional intervention". We study its genesis during the 1960s, its structuration in the 1970s and its changes to the present day. The purpose is not only to consider epistemological controversies on the causes of the phenomenon and ways to solve it, but also competition between different professional groups or institutions whose activity is related to the care of children in trouble at school. Historically changing, such competition between practitioners nevertheless stabilize in multidisciplinary work organisation (educational, psychological, medical and "social") supposed to avoid corporatism and to permit the implementation of an appropriate response because global and concerted. After tracing the genesis of this type of work organization, the thesis analyze its effects on profesionnal issues, on the basis of a series of case studies conducted in three institutions for pupils academically deviant (an elementary school, a child guidance center and an hospital ward specialised in "Iearning disorders"). The ethnography of work (observations / interviews) allows also to display the plurality of responses to school failure as well as the technical and moral division of work of remediation in each of the three institutions studied
Macdonald, Kevin. "De l'informatisation à la constitution d'un champ culturel : enjeux pour une sociologie postclassique". Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0005.
Villain, Victor. "Sociologie du champ de la construction en terre crue en France (1970-2020)". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2067.
The development of green building contributes to the legitimation of the use of construction materials that can take part in the fight against climate change. Among these materials, raw earth remains little invested in comparison with bio-based materials such as wood or straw. While the use of land was historically widespread in France, the construction processes incumbent on it (cob, rammed earth, mud, adobe) were removed during the 19th and 20th centuries. However, for about five decades, a field of earthen construction has been involved in promoting this material. In this research, it’s about to show how the field of earthen construction has taken shape and what form it has taken by analyzing the historically variable forms of interest for earthen construction that the field requires and that the agents invest, that is to dialectize the history of the field and the incorporated social history of the agents who invest themselves in maintaining and updating the reified social history of earthen construction. This also makes it possible to analyze the social conditions of possibility of a development of earthen construction in France, in particular to measure the social conditions of possibility of a transformation of conventional construction to participate in a transformation of the social world favorable to the fight against climate change. This thesis is based on different empirical materials (interviews, archives, ethnographic observations, statistics) and mobilizes the sociology of fields to analyze the objective relationships between the fields and the agents involved in the field of earthen construction, which vary according to internal and external struggles in the field, in particular through public action which participates to define its autonomy and its relations of subordination. This research hypothesizes that the field of earthen construction is a field of forces which is at the base of economic and political struggles to maintain or transform it, in particular by orienting public action, so that the agents who are there committed can, according to what is in their power, actualize or create the most favorable conditions for their accomplishment, that is to say for the adjustment of their dispositions to their conditions of existence. The first part of the thesis is interested in the genesis of the field of earthen construction by showing how, from the emergence to the social dissolution of the cob in the Breton rural space and the rammed earth in the urban space of Lyon, earthen construction was reinvested nationally from the 1970s and led to the autonomy of the field in the 1980s. The second part attempts to describe the economic activity of earthen construction. The focus is, on the one hand, in the structure of earth construction professionals and their economic strategies and, on the other hand, in socially characterizing the agents who live in a earthen house built in recent decades through their social position, their residential trajectory and the residential strategies they implement. The third part focuses more particularly on the political struggle of the agents engaged in the field to maintain or transform its principle of vision. By approaching the institutionalization of ecological construction as a category of public action, it’s about of studying the appropriation of this category by the agents through the struggle they lead to make see and assert their principle of vision within the field
Guirimand, Nicolas. "Entre la réparation des corps mutilés et la correction des imperfections physiques : une chirurgie en quête de légitimité : Analyse sociohistorique de la construction de la chirurgie esthétique en France". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030165.
To analyze the construction of platic surgery, it is necessary to understand what conditions of possibility enabled this "futile" surgery to be practiced and to answer the question of what made operations on healthy bodies socially acceptable. Our work had to widen its object to the sociohistorical analysis of construction of the specialty using the matrix of aesthetic surgery : plastic surgery. Also, it was necessary for us to work on the history of the relation of cosmetic surgery to its matrix and on the fights of competition between plastics surgeons and aesthetics surgeons whose goal is the definition of the legitimate practice, on the basis of its contours, of its teaching and the construction of an esthetics market with its various components. Finally, the "futile" object became an analyzer of the transformations of the surgical space which makes it possible to observe the struggles and competitions between surgeons and doctors
Walther, Matthias. "Careers Upon Repatriation : comparing the Re-Entry into the German and French Labor Markets Based on Bourdieu's Theory of Practice". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30051.
Repatriation from an external labor market perspective is a largely under-researched topic. Applying Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice and reconciling the culturalist and institutionalist approach in comparative research, this thesis compares the repatriation of German and French career agents into the external labor markets of their parent country career fields. We found that the German and French career agents’ career capital and habitus develops during expatriation, which has an important impact on the re-integration into the parent country career field. Based on our developed critical portfolio of elements for the successful return into the German and French career fields and resulting from our emerged German and French repatriation models, we found that the re-entry conditions into the German and French career fields are in some parts similar, but more strongly differ. While this indicates the existence of national borders of career fields, our results also show that in an international career mobility context, the rules of the game change compared to the rules in a pure national career context, which challenges the pertinence of national career models in understanding repatriation in our Franco-German context. Our research especially contributes to the existing literature by clarifying the rules of the game in a Franco-German repatriation context and by providing empirical evidence for the only partially autonomous nature of Bourdieuian career fields that must be viewed in interaction with the economic and educational field for creating a complete understanding of the return-mechanisms
Duval, Julien. "Un journalisme en expansion : contribution à une sociologie du journalisme économique et des relations entre le champ économique et le champ journalistique". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0076.
Johansson, Emmy, e Stina Olén. "Implementing CSR in Supply Chains". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5928.
Abstract
Title: Implementing CSR in Supply Chains
Authors: Emmy Johansson and Stina Olén; Supervisor: Glenn Sjöstrand
Date of submission: May 30, 2009
For decades there has been a debate about the environmental and social responsibilities of companies. The work conducted by corporations to meet the increasing demands from wider society to take responsibility is all summed up in the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Pressured to take responsibility also in the supply chains of their businesses, the corporations have increasingly integrated suppliers in their CSR strategies.
In this thesis the obstacles and possibilities with implementing CSR in supply chains are assessed, through a case study. The thesis is written on commission by a large Swedish industrial company that is working with implementing its CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations, and through using a theoretical framework based on institutional theory and CSR theory that implementing process is studied. Having understood that the process is affected by the norms, values et cetera that are inherent in the company, the aims of this thesis have been to understand and explain how the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the company’s CSR strategy in its supplier evaluations.
The thesis applies qualitative research methods with emphasis on primary sources. The main empirical data was gathered through ten interviews with employees at different levels in the company, but corporate documents with relevance for the implementation were also studied.
The results of this study indicate that the institutional embeddedness affects the implementation of the CSR strategy in supplier evaluations both positively and negatively. Firstly, it makes the reactive approach of the company, the unclear objectives and guidelines, the lack of commitment from the managers, and the lack of cooperation appear problematic for the implementation. Secondly, we conclude that the institutional embeddedness creates opportunities for an improved implementing process, as there are elements in the institutional identity that correspond with the strategy, but also that there are individual actors with much institutional resources that have potential to change the institution and create commitment towards the implementation.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, supplier evaluations, implementing strategy, institutional theory, institutional embeddedness
Waldvogel, Carole. "Enjeux et stratégies autour de l'environnement dans le champ associatif". Strasbourg 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20054.
This work shows the often-evoked existence of a “field” of associations, which deals with environment. This field, historically built, is not simply summarized with the opposition between “environmentalists” and “naturalists”. It is organized in a complex way, around, at the same time, social and environmental stakes, defended by agents invested in the field, with (the) positions, trajectories, and social representations sociologically rooted and differentiated from the meaning of “(the) environment” and the way of defending it. To show it, the first chapter firstly draws up the contours of the field and the manner of apprehending it. The second chapter focuses its analysis on the process of construction of the field and its current structure. The third chapter stresses the stake “environment” and in which way these oppositions are related to a differentiated environmental “habitus” of class. Then, the fourth chapter deals with the formation of this habitus of class. The fifth chapter analyses the sociological profile of the agents invested in the respectively committed field and social stakes. Finally, the last chapter approaches the elaborate strategies – also in terms of associative network – in order to defend its vision of the environment and the good way of defending it inside and outside the field
Deforge, Quentin. "La fabrique transnationale du politique : Une sociologie historique du champ réformateur de la "gouvernance" (1961-2019)". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2019PSLED016.
Researches from different social science disciplines have brought to light the transnationalization of politics in southern countries, ie the participation of international actors in areas such as, for example, the organization and observation of elections. Based on these researches, in an approach of historical sociology, this thesis shows how international "experts", under the label of "governance", have managed to impose themselves in the national political spaces to carry out activities considered as pertaining to the internal affairs of states (elections, parliaments, constitutions, etc.). Based on a survey made of the study of archives, observations, and interviews among the three poles that structure this form of transnational public action (UN, World Bank, USAID), we look more specifically at the processes by which these activities led to the production and mobilization of government knowledge. In contrast to an approach that would focus on "democracy promotion", we show that this legal, administrative, economic and political knowledge, all mark different frontiers between "administration" and "politics". Taking an interest in professional and academic struggles as to the uses of this knowledge then makes it possible to show how the same object of transnational public action (for example parliaments) is the subject of different and sometimes quite opposite problematization. During the first period studied, from 1961 to 1989, these activities remain limited and confined to distinct social spaces. But from 1989, the collapse of the Soviet bloc, ending diplomatic competition towards “third world” countries, opens the possibility of carrying out large-scale activities aimed at reforming state institutions and gathers these social spaces. A transnational field of "governance" reforms then emerges between more stabilized transnational social spaces, such as human rights, development, and international economic cooperation. The rapid increase in funding in the 1990s has led this field of reforms to differentiate itself into sectors ("electoral assistance", "parliamentary strengthening", "public financial management", etc.) within which the professionals of the various organizations collaborate, despite different professional and disciplinary habitus that oppose them on the object and form of interventions. These different activities of "governance" are institutionalized internationally and are imposed within national spaces on a fuzzy border between "administration" and "politics". The thesis then shows how it is a logic of professionalization that brings "experts" from different sectors to produce knowledge, norms and models of public action with universal vocation, to reaffirm permanently their authority in the field of reforms as in national spaces. The thesis shows, finally, how this form of public action which consists in sending international "experts" within the States is devalued by the arrival in the years 2010 of activities based on organizations local non-governmental organizations that conduct campaigns for the "transparency" of state institutions
Knobloch, Karell. "L'urbaniste et ses métiers, délimitation d'un champ, légitimité des pratiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00463808.
Gubernat-Rammelt, Ruxandra. "L’existence du champ journalistique roumain après la crise économique de 2008". Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100187/document.
This study aims to analyze the developments that led to the current state of the Romanianjournalistic field, after the financial crisis of 2008, by which this professional environment fails to convince its actors of the viability of its principles. My main hypothesis is that the collision between two divergent value systems - the intersection of the neoliberal allogeneic model with local values and necessities - establishes a hybrid field integrating elements of both cultures without incorporating the sum of their elements. This hybrid field, characterized by a high degree of openness towards renegotiation, reinterpretation and restoration of the principles that guide journalism, also creates a certain anomic dimension of its actors. In order to establish the existence of the journalistic field in Romania after 2008, an analysis based on three main dimensions was envisaged: a first dimension would be the political rupture which imposed a reflection on the directions and choices of models in the new pluralist media market;; a second dimension identified is the profound technological change superimposed on this stage of understanding journalistic acts;; third, the financial crisis which began in 2008, which destabilized the journalistic environment in Romania. Our main discovery is that of the existence of double standards in the practice and in the evaluation of Romanian journalism by its actors:• An ideological contradiction at the macro level, i.e. institutions adhere to the model, but this is not the guiding principle of their approaches, which are mainly guided by the realities in place ;• At the micro level, the contradiction between the understanding of the model and the waythis model is enacted: a discrepancy between the argumentative level - with theunderstanding that the Western model is highly attractive - and the mode of action whereindividuals must comply with local customs and values, which are not in accordance with thesystem of reference to which they adhere
Boullier, Dominique. "Du rapport de génération(s) dans le champ résidentiel : la construction des groupes d'âges adolescents". Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0032.
The residential field is constructed in the process of communication between actors, during the every day activity required by a common housing area : reserve and autonomy are built as models for the household but unrealizable and replaced by the prosecuting and assisting game, that labelled some actors as a negative pole. Prosecuting and assisting are the local forms of communication shaped by the formal process of person, which operates as categorization and obligation (reciprocity). The generations boundaries are built by the local communication process : teenagers are deeply involved in the age categorization game and in the genealogy that are analyzed as two faces of these generation boundaries. Adolescence, which follows the emergence to the person, requires a generational contract that alter every concerned actor, in each family as well as in the residential field. The adolescents, by the way theylive in groups, prevent the household from closing up, compel families to get in touch with others, have to find compromises with the differentiated social worlds of their parents : the local public sphere still remains difficult to build. The research includes a theoretical discussion of such concepts as residential fields, adolescence, generations boundaries and relations ; it contributes to a theory of the person, drawing from jean gagnepain, and discussing the works of mauss and van gennep, as well as interactionism, ethnomethodology and constructivism. Methods are of ethnographic kind. The field consists in a housing - block within a large high-rise estate area in rennes (france), from 1982 to 1985
Delfolie, David. "État, société et religion en Malaisie : Sociologie historique des dynamiques de l'islam et de leurs implications dans le champ public". Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010017.
Mignot, Leo. "Sociogenèse d’une spécialité médicale : le cas de radiologie interventionnelle". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0902.
Introduced in the 1960s, interventional radiology includes invasive medical procedures for the treatment or diagnosis of a pathology performed under the guidance or control of an imaging device. The aim of the thesis is to develop the sociohistorical analysis of the emergence of a medical specialty – interventional radiology – and to study its legitimization strategies. Three interdependent lines of inquiry are privileged in particular. The first aims to understand how this medical practice was born by establishing the archaeology of the innovations that gave rise to it. In the second, it is a question of analyzing the strategies of valorization and the ways of valuing interventional radiology. The interventional radiologists’ desire for independence has led them to mobilize different registers of legitimacy (scientific legitimacy, professional legitimacy in the medical field, regulatory legitimacy). The third line of inquiry allows for the issue of social demarcation and boundaries to be taken into account. As it is a means of transgressing the established dichotomy between the diagnostic and therapeutic spheres, interventional radiology has in fact led to a reconfiguration of the relations between specialties. The investigation is based on a methodology combining semi-directive interviews, in situ observations (operating theater, multidisciplinary consultation meetings, consultations) and the use of scientometric data. An international perspective on the Canadian situation makes it possible to study the impact of national contexts on the dissemination and recognition of interventional radiology
Vaugrand, Henri. "Constructions d'un champ sociologique : Le sport : analyse de l'espace des pratiques et théorie critique de l'institution". Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30061.
From a cartography of the french sociology of sport, the sporting field theory, based upon pierre bourdieu's works, and the critical theory of sport, introduced by jean- marie brohm, are apprehended from a threefold standpoint. - a formal analysis of their explanatory schema (functional schema, structural schema and dialectical schema for the first paradigm; dialectical schema, fonctional schema and structural schema for the second paradigm); -a thematic evaluation: institutional political and theoretical (the militancy of the journal "quel corps?" on one hand; an orthodoxy in the sciences and techniques of sports and physical activities on the other hand); -a dialectical comparison based upon complementarity, mutual involvement, ambiguousness, polarization, and reciprocity of perspectives
Laurent, Mathieu Olivier. "Les structures non-partisanes dans le champ politique". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020040/document.
The political arena is a field where in various actors confront each other, yet cannot be defined as political parties per se. Although clubs, think tanks, political foundations and institutes all genuinely participate in the political life, political scientists have, for the most part, ignored them. The purpose of this study is to put into perspective non-party structures methods of action, from 1958 to the present day, emphasizing their genesis, morphology and trajectories. As they bring new ideas to the forefront and suggest reforms for the internal functioning of political parties, they thus contribute to the evolution of political debate and even compensate for the parties failure in designing political programs and paying attention to the demands of the civil society. Though they are not to be assimilated to social movements, they do share a form of activism which can be distinguished from classical political commitments, and also use specific methods of intervention. Compared to their foreign counterparts (German foundations, Anglo-American think tanks), and despite meager resources, French non-party structures tend to develop their professionalism and mobilize authentic networks of experts so that their message is heard. Due to an ongoing crisis of political organizations, they will certainly play an increasing role in shaping the “politically conceivable” and in building public policies
Daccache, Michel. "La gestion des risques entre savoir et pouvoir : genèse, structure et fonctionnement du champ de production des discours sur le risque". Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0160.
This work focuses on the genesis, the structure and the workings of the field of knowledge production on the subject of risk. From the standpoint of a historical and sociological study, we show how, over a couple of years the question of risk, the question of risk management has become a major stake within the field of power. Its institutionalization (as a discipline of its own) at top French higher education, schools, comes to prove that. This process has led to the emergence of a new intellectual field, that of "risk theoreticians", wich brings together specialists from various disciplines (engineers, economists, sociologists, philosophers, etc. ) who share a common interest in risk. This thesis aims to provide a sociological construction of this population. We show that it is organized around the distribution of different forms of capital. We also look at the networks formed around risk, networks wich create a continuity among various social, universes. Finally, we analyze the discourse produced by these "risk theoreticians" and we try to objectivate its social function
Saint-Martin, Corinne. "La pratique professionnelle comme champ stratégique : le cas des assistant(e)s de service social". Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20078.
The research concerns the field of social work as an occuptaion. Our aim is to consider the multiple interactions that characterise social work pratice and to analyse the dynamics, differenciations and stability that shape this occupation. In opposition to an over-simplified, functionalist analysis of social work and to and evolutionary vision of occupational change, we prefer to adopt a systemic approach which takes account of the complexities involved. Historical analysis of the occupation clearly indicates the presence of a rationalisation of social work practices from the very beginning along with the survival of a vocational dimension in current occupational forms. A comprehensive analysis of the field-work obsevations of social work practice serve to confirm the rationality and logic of professional action. The specific position of the social worker within the occupation serves tondefine a system effect which determines a series of implicit objectives within professional practice. In broad terms, this thesis is based on an analysis of the relationship between social actors and a complex social system. It inplies a two-fold approach : an analysis of the internal logic of the field under study, considered as an organisational phenomena taken as a system of constraints
Damman, Vial Dominique. "Institutionnalisation des territoires et action publique. Sociologie de dispositifs de coordination dans le champ formation-emploi en Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (2005-2010)". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00753901.
Damman-Vial, Dominique. "Institutionnalisation des territoires et action publique : Sociologie de dispositifs de coordination dans le champ formation-emploi en Provence – Alpes – Côte d’Azur (2005-2010)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3066/document.
This thesis, undertaken together with a professional activity with a regional employment-vocational training observatory, deals with the emergence and functioning of devices aimed at coordinating public policies for education-training, employment and economic development within Provence – Alpes – Côte d'Azur region. Covering the period between 2005 and 2010, the idea is that, based on social learning from passed experiences, these devices would be instrumental in creating new “functional space” de-compartmentalizing these three sections of public action around a common denominator aiming at developing employment accessibility. This perspective would benefit from local initiatives, which from the start, focused on integrating vocational training, employment and economic development. The success of the integration depends on the joint capacity of both the devices instigators and the local actors to build a trusting relationship by interacting and mobilizing their knowledge and expertise in accordance with the specificities of these new tools. Through this process, the issue at hand is the convergence between promoting local “integrated” initiatives and finding a territorial foothold for the actors, who, like the PACA regional council, have none
Martuccelli, Danilo. "La Nouvelle texture du social : vers la reconstruction du champ social : de l'épuisement de la raison à l'agir conflictuel du non-social". Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0007.
Today, the main sociological problem is the unity and orientation of society: the growing cap between a cultural pattern which presents man as the author of history and a more and more precarious form of knowledge absout social reality. That discrepancy leads to the emergence of the representation of disorder, the discours of the end of history and the desocialization. Confornted to these positions one has to reveal and to create a new social structuration. That process requires the reconceptualization of the exhaustion of reason and the analytical construction of the sociological space dealing with the reading of social relantionshipe. At the end of that analysis the new social texture is constituted through social markers of meaning which are still linked to praxis but remote from work, which keep in touch with politics but are no longer constructed through them, which acquire a growing symbolic autonomy while being still rooted in the unfolding of antagonistic action
Amougou-Mballa, Emmanuel. "La renovation de l'habitat : un champ de luttes. analyse sociologique des strategies des agents et de leurs effets sociaux". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR20051.
It is because housing redevelopment has to be considered as an area formed histotically and socially, that it lmerits a sociological investigation. So, to question the redevelopment of old housing (locally, id est strasbourg as well as nationally) as a battlefield, necesarily assumes an in depth examination of the social logic of the undertaking (both and externally) in this social area, what is at stake, the agents invested or involved, the strategies used by these people and the social effects of these strategies. . . , compnents of the social conditions of the existence of this field
Batranu, Raluca. "L’écrivain et la société : le discours social dans la littérature française du XVIIIème siècle à aujourd’hui". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL013/document.
Studying the relationship between arts, especially between literature and sociology it’s very commun nowadays. Sociology is a discipline that developped with the begining of the nineteenth century and reached it’s thoroughness in the twentieth century with the merge of social sciences. In my thesis, I want to stress out the dialogue between literature and sociology, without falling into a sociology of littérature or vice versa. I want to show how sociology inspired from literary works using them as a practical support for its theories on social life, but also how literary works Mirror by their containts the habits of and era, the social environment of writers at that time. In order to do that, I have chosen to base my analysis on some French literary works begining with the eighteenth century untill nowadays. From Montesquieu to Annie Eranux I would like to point out the more fertile interactions between literature and sociology, while analyzing the relations between social sciences and the literary field. My subject gets even more interesting nowadays, especially when universities are reviewing their course of study : literature’s situation as a discipline is at stake here, and also sociology’s, as sociology just like literature has the function of « telling» life
Bazenguissa, Rémy. "Histoire sociale du champ politique congolais : 1946-1991". Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0091.
My sociological study of congolese political practices constitutes a historical account divided in six parts. I strove to show, for each period, how in their fight for power, the actors played differents trumps : the influences which they could prevail over religious circles, as well as military, political, and ethnical, their own capacity in mastering eloquence, and elegance, and finally, the valorization of their scholar diplomas, when they had any
Turkan, Isil. "Le métier de chroniqueur politique en Turquie : sociologie d'une activité professionnelle entre dynamiques générationnelles et retournements politiques, 1980-2014". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1002.
This research aims to define and explain the professional activity of Turkish columnists, whose main specialities are politics. Even though they have existed in the journalistic field fora long time, they have become big reference figures since 1990's. This study with its micro-sociological approach, which is based on columnists, professional members of journalistic field, will reveal, in macro level, the puzzled relations of interdependence between media and politics in Turkey. This research is divided into three main parts. First part concentrates on the state of journalism in Turkey with asocio historical overview on media economy, structures of propriety in order to present our main aim: the evoluation of columnists' carrier within the field. The second part studies the concept of generation and focuses on the generational and sociological characteristics of columnists divided in to two ideological groups: "left-secularist" and "right-conservative" and aims to analyse their social origins, life styles and cultural capital. The third part examines the columnists' approaches regarding the political scandals, chosen according to the research's diachrony, the democratization process in transition and the liberty of opinion. In this thesis we aim to present our theoretical and empirical knowledge upon the last thirty years of socio-political history of Turkey and make a contribution to political sociology of journalism by using the basic concepts: generation, field theory and political engagement
Dussault, Catherine. "Les bioéthiciens et leur projet d'interdisciplinarité : formation d'un groupe social d'un champ et d'une discipline". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34011.
Bioethics is a discipline of a scientific nature aiming to produce systematically norms aimed to intervene on the living. When bioethics acts as an approach dedicated to solving ethical problems requiring a technical and singular decision, it thinks itself as an ethics engaged in the finding of the “good” intervention to be made in a context of care, health or research. Despite its acknowledged heterogeneous nature, bioethics tends to its institutionalization as an “interdisciplinary” discipline, following a pedagogical and scientific organization of its own. This thesis aims to understand how bioethics’ institutionalization is “objectively” and “subjectively” experienced, in other terms, for the institution itself and for the bioethicists. Now, becoming a “bioethicist” – as the title is not clearly defined, nor sanctioned by codified and validated academic and professional experiences – asks sociology the question of its existence. We, therefore, study the symbolic work of the group and the discipline’s social definition, going together with its formation. The analysis of comprehensive interviews conducted with fifteen professors, researchers or ethicists having or having had activities in the field of bioethics reveals that the diversity of situations does not necessarily tally with scissions or divisions within the field: bioethicists share, on different levels, values and experiences corresponding to different ways of initiating – and possibly leaving – the discipline. We then glance through the early process of the group’s unification, the history and the institutionalization of the discipline, going with – what might appear as paradoxical – a critique of the “disciplinary”, denounced as hierarchical, exclusive, and perhaps outmoded. In order to thrive in the academic world whilst staying “pertinent” to problem solving, bioethics and bioethicists try to innovate through rational and interdisciplinary discussion between experts, which, intrinsically, modifies the scientific field in the image of their practices and representations.
Martin-Papineau, Nathalie. "Les familles monoparentales dans le champ politique français : émergence, construction, captations d'un problème, 1968-1988". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0002.
Linking individuals with very different sociocultural characteristics, the one-parent families are not an homogeneous social category. Nevertheless, they constitute a political category. Indeed, the proper structure and functioning of the political field have transformed the social reality of the single-parent family into political object. The politization shows several actions of selection, capture and construction. Moreover, the evolution of the social representations of t family permeated the one-parent family to be taken into account by the politics without any strong sociam cleavage arisi from the very beginning the one-parent family has been linked to the existing family order and has been considered in an ideological way. The French traditional cleavage "droite gauche" which structures the political field about family meant as a single social institution is globally applied to the one-parent family and achieve its integration in that politica later, this cleavage has been partially renewed : centrist parties and Socialist Party have become closer ; the opposition between the Gaullist Party and the French Communist Party has been increased. The Front national however remained absolutely against the one-parent family. After becoming subject of political speech, it has become subject of public po the most accepted definition of this family structure was the result of a bureaucratic process. At the end of this proce the one-parent family was assimilaed to a social and economic precariousness. Now, it is treated like a subject of polic against exclusion and poverty. Despite its efforts, the associative sector, which considered the one-parent family as on the varous forms familly structure, was unable to act on the bureaucratic meaning. The measures applied to the one-parent family have been initiated by few top civil servants very close to the executive power. Despite its little weight in determining legal rumes applicable to the one-parent family, the parliament has yet been involved in the politization process : this is not to overlooked in analysing its actions for legitimization of the political area, which more effect
OLIVEIRA, NETO João Matias de. "Cinzas dos mortais, chamas da imortalidade: Um estudo sobre trajetórias e sucessões na Academia Paraibana de Letras". Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2013. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1732.
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O presente trabalho dissertativo traz uma reflexão sobre trajetórias e sucessões entre intelectuais na Academia Paraibana de Letras. Através de uma revisão histórica do tornar-se e ser acadêmico para, então, chegar às reflexões sobre como se articulam trajetórias e a formação do habitus intelectual para uma efetiva chegada à Academia Paraibana de Letras, nossa pretensão foi entender a que fins, por que meios e vivenciando quais experiências estes intelectuais se sentem motivados a adentrar uma instituição literária. Com uma abordagem contextualista dos grupos, grêmios e acúmulo de capitais específicos de dois intelectuais falecidos no ano de 2012, Ronaldo Cunha Lima e Joacilde Brito Pereira, comparou-se a trajetória de ambos com o objetivo de verificar, nelas, os pontos de confluência no que diz respeito à sua vida social, intelectual e política, bem como destacar, nas obras e nas tomadas de posição assumidas por cada um deles, um induto para refletir sobre quais as motivações destes intelectuais entre os anos de formação da Academia Paraibana de Letras e o de entrada destes acadêmicos nesta instituição. Reflexões, portanto, sobre os marcos institucionais da notabilidade intelectual na Paraíba dos anos de 1940 até 1990, a chamada paraibanidade e o nacionalismo cultural, associados a uma reflexão contextualista sobre academias e grupos literários, somam-se às performances e práticas incorporadas pelos intelectuais em suas estratégias de consagração, inclusive dentro daquilo que então se entende por “imortalidade”.
Cœurdray, Murielle. "Du dévoilement médiatique de la "corruption" à la gestion déontologique des affaires : contribution à une sociologie des effets de l'internationalisation sur le champ du pouvoir économique". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0031.
Our thesis, developed according to Pierre bourdieu's field theory of power struggle analyzes how the question of corruption in France has evolved from eighties to the present day as manifested by media coverage, legal judgements, the reaction of the political, business and institutional establishments. Its three sections analyze how globalization (especially the lifting of border restrictions and the corporate restructuring and subsequent economic crisis of the 80s) has affected relations between state and business. We suggest that the increasing prominence of the corruption debate has forced large business hodings to call on experts in virtue (often recruited from state agencies) to protect them from national or international scandal
Marchetti, Dominique. "Contribution à une sociologie des transformations du champ journalistique dans les années 80 et 90 : à propos d'"événements sida" et du "scandale du sang contaminé"". Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0098.
Through an examination of several events dealing with Aids in the 1980's and 1990's, the author analyses major transformations which have affected the field of national media during this period. The fact that so much media coverage has been given to Aids shows that events concerning activities within a field as autonomous as that of medecine have a tendency today to become events just like any other. In the first part, the author shows that the weight of journalistic (and indeed economic and political) consideration is growing in both the selection and the construction of events in the medical domain. These swing between, on the one hand, the regime of " obligatory events " (scientific announcements) and, on the other, the new regime of the " unexpected events " (scandals or polemics). After demonstrating the slow emergence of media attention to the French " infected blood scandal " cannot be attributed only to the work of a handful of journalists or to the caracteristics of the affair, the author explains in a second part that the specific importance of this affair can be explained by changes in the journalistic field. The " infected blood scandal " enables one to understand the general structure of the field of journalism, which has come to be increasingly dominated by commercial imperatives, as exemplified by the growing role of television in the prioritisation and treatment of events. At a second level, the study of the journalists who covered this affair, analysed, through the changes in recruitment on the one hand and the division of labour in journalism on the other, reveals the effects of professionnal hierarchies on the way the scandal was treated by the press. The form taken by this affair derives substantially from the way in which medical information is treated. Medical information has lost its relatively exceptional status, which is less and less medicalised and more and more competitive. This study shows also that journalistic activity is today less subject to the logic of politics than it is to that of two other logics : those of journalistic value -as recognized by journalists- and of the market, which become ever closer. The third part shows the growing effect that the journalistic field has on the ordinary working of other relatively autonomous social worlds such as the judicical sphere, when it imposes for example a form of " popular justice "
Saliou, Kévin. "La Réception de Lautréamont de 1870 à 1917". Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0013.
Long before Surrealists seized upon Lautréamont in the name of poetic modernity, Les Chants de Maldoror (1869) and Poésies (1870) had been read by a whole literary generation which broached upon them in discussions about decadence and symbolism. But that reception is not obvious : Isidore Ducasse’s work is not a perfect reflection of the era’s aspirations, and the lack of information about its author generates a void to be filled only by a mythic story. It is necessary to parse this half-century of readings, full of ideological hijacks, fantasies about a supposed poète maudit as well as of literary disputes in which what is at stake is the discovery of a new Rimbaud. With the help of analytic tools borrowed from network sociology, our aim is to declineate the literary landscape in the years 1868 to 1917 in order to show how a literary myth took shape, through small journals and circles, at the turn of a century
Mariani, Guillaume. "Les pratiques ludomotrices de glisse dans le champ de vagues : analyse sociologique et praxéologique du domaine d'action motrice des activités de surfs". Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H071.
This study has for main objective to analyze the driving move practices of the surfer, windersurfer and kitesurfer through an ethnographical and praxeologycal approach. This analysis is based on a statistical study gathering 356 users. A major focus will be given the identity of these users mainly through their social determination and their self-created individual process behaviors resulting from their surf practices. These have to be understood as the core origin of a specific lifestyle. We will demonstrate that the relation created by the wave users with nature, especially with waves, is significant of our post modern time. The sacred having totally disappeared from our society, we now have to deal with the reconstruction -of the anthropological substitute that were understood before as the religious component in this contempory relation to nature
Alam, Thomas. "Quand la vache folle retrouve son champ : une comparaison transnationale de la remise en ordre d’un secteur d’action publique". Lille 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/40/54/39/PDF/ThAlam.pdf.
Based on a comparaison between France and Britain, the thesis studies a sectoral reform that would have been made compulsory after the 1996 BSE crisis. It shows how change is promoted in a policy sector (food safety) and how is contributes to its existence by enhancing its administrative legitimacy. Rather than taking change for granted, change is apprehended through its symbolic dimension, whose shaping highly depends on the struggles over the sector’s dominaion. The latter are an integral part of the crisis building, the policy timing (the rupture) and the nessity of change. Through a transnational brokers, it reasserts that the foreign reference is a weapon as well as an issue of national sectoral struggles. Far from a top down and uniform implementation of an international good practice, its translation is significantly filtered by the singularities of the domestic space
Manirakiza, Désiré. "Sport et société en contexte africain. Analyse des enjeux sociaux du sport-loisir au Cameroun à l'ère de la mondialisation". Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1020.
Meanwhile the dominant sociology assumes that globalization generates astandardization process of sports cultures, in one hand, and that postmodern societies are onlypracticing leisure in a free and disinterested spirit in another hand, this thesis is structuredaround the main idea that such an analytical trends are not adequate in Africa globally and inCameroon in particular for two reasons at least. Firstly, even if the globalization’s effects onCameroonian sports is not to be denied, the study of sports activities in their nationalspecificities and given the singularities of the practices displays the fact that, as a total socialphenomenon, sport always carries the brand of the society where it takes place. Secondly, inless developed countries as in Cameroon case, sport leisure, in the extend that it generates thecontact between numerous actors with different social statuses, can’t be separated from thedaily problems experienced by individuals involved. It is moreover a social resource andcould be totally understood only if it is examined in it outcomes in terms of relations, socialnetworks, exchange of capitals, etc. Taking root in an interactionist perspective, andexploiting both a quantitative and qualitative methodology, observing the Cameroonian sportleisure led to notice that the practice of collective sport, as football, basketball and theweekend race, is not motivated by the mere needs of leisure and entertainment. It is also anarena (in the military and sociological extend) where actors endowed with calculatingrationalities are confronting themselves
Sina, Franck. "Champ de la sécurité et prévention des illégalismes : pour une analyse sociologique des enjeux relatifs aux politiques locales de prévention et de sécurité". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT3005.
Bouchikhi, Hamid. "Eléments d'une approche constructiviste des structures organisationnelles : cas de la structuration d'un champ micro-informatique à la RATP". Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090034.
In the recent years, the constructivist approaches have been widely adopted in numerous fields of social sciences : epistemology, cognitive psychology and sociology. This has not been the case as far as the management science field is concerned - except of some isolated trials. This observation is easily confirmed by the lasting domination of the mechanism and organism models among the works of organizational theorists. The thesis - a result of a more than two years field research in a large organisation - contains a critical discussion of works representative of the mechanism and organism models. It also tries to bring a contribution to the building of a constructivist perspective in the study of organizations. The main ideas of Jean Piaget and Anthony Giddens - two famous representatives of the constructivist paradigm - are presented and used together to state the elements of a constructivist model of organizations. The explaining capability of the constructivist perspective is shown through the analysis of the structuring process of a micro-computing field in the RATP. Different stages of structuring are clearly identified. The factors contributing to the structuring at each stage are analysed as well as the relationship between successive stages
Mondolfo, Philip. "Transformations récentes dans le champ du travail social : l'exemple de l'assistance sociale polyvalente : les conditions de diffusion et d'adaptation au changement". Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100088.
The first goal of this research is to verify, thanks to a socio-historical approach comparing organizational principles and work patterns before and after the introduction of "RMI" (supplementary benefit for people in severe distress) and local decentralization, whether there has been a dramatic change in multi-purpose social relief. With this perspective, the new occupational model currently developing in this sector can be delineated, showing its breaking points and boundaries. The ensuing study of the way this model is actually implemented gives evidence to an uneven propagation according to location. It has been envisaged to explain the phenomenon thanks to the theory of two-step flow. But this theory has shown its limits in a semi-professional context. The combined effect of such parameters as organization, command, skills, group dynamics and environment has been brought to light, so that the resulting interactions and tensions make room for varying degrees of convergence of the factors, the structuring thereof being implemented by mediating cadres. As a conclusion, it may be said that fild effects and the rules which govern the organization of each space have to be taken into account in a sociology of dissemination
Facal, Joseph. "Etude de deux réformes dans le champ de la santé au Québec et aux Etats-Unis à l'aide du modèle de H. Jamous : contribution à une sociologie des décisions politiques". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040202.
This thesis is a study of two reforms in the health care field in Québec (Castonguay reform, 1970-1973) and the U. S. (Medicare, 1965) based on the decision-making model of H. Jamous (1969). We try to identify the social forces, their interactions and the other main factors that account for the outcome in each case, while also appraising the relevancy of the model. On a theoretical level, we conclude to the impossibility of a general theory of political decision-making and plead for less ambitious theoretical models and a heavier emphasis on empirical research
Dean, Jason Richard. "La Représentation du Livre révélé et son rapport à l'organisation du champ religieux, avec référence à l'Islam à l'époque du Prophète". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20049.
The Weberian problem of the routinization of charisma states that, in order to survive, charismatic domination must become rational or traditional. Since either of these evolutions would threaten the monopoly of prophetic power, the prophet must endeavor to conciliate two contradictory demands: the assertion of the autonomy of the religious subject, and the regulation of the religious beliefs and practices. A solution to this dilemma can be found in the religious representation of the Revealed Book whose tradition reaches back to the second millennium BCE. The reception of this representation in Central Arabia in the 7th century by the Prophet Muhammad inaugurates an effort to restructure the religious field, as understood by P. Bourdieu. By selecting salient characteristics of the Muslim group as instituted by the Prophet, we propose a theoretical model of the “Scripture Group”, term by which we identify this particular type of religious group