Articoli di riviste: "Social sciences – methodology – moral and ethical aspects"

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Zhila, Rahmanikhalilelahi. "MORAL DILEMMAS AND ETHICAL CONFLICTS IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE 20TH CENTURY AND IN THE PROSE OF F. ISKANDER". Kavkazologiya 2023, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2023): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-4-373-384.

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This article is an exploration of moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts in Russian literature of the 20th century and their influence on shaping public consciousness and dialogue on moral issues. The article actively engages in a deep analysis and discussion of various moral aspects present in Russian literature of the 20th century. Key themes such as freedom, justice, identity, collectivism, and individuality take center stage. The article examines these ethical questions through the prism of well-known literary works of that time, including those by B. Pasternak, M. Bulgakov, Y. Za-myatin, and the Abkhazian writer F. Iskander. Particular emphasis is placed on how these moral issues materialize in the characters and stories of literary works. The analysis explores the mean-ings, dilemmas, and conflicts presented by authors through their characters. This approach adds depth to the article, enriching the discussion of moral issues not only in the abstract but also in literary works. The study methodology is founded on an examination of the socio-cultural back-drop, the impact of historical events on social and moral standards, and a thorough examination of genres and major works. The novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts presented in Russian literature of the 20th century. The arti-cle’s findings can be valuable in literary studies, philosophy, ethics, education, social sciences, and cultural studies. They can be used to debate and examine moral concerns, the impact of litera-ture on public opinion, and to spark public debate and shape public consciousness. The article un-derscores the importance of Russian literature of the 20th century in exploring moral dilemmas and ethical conflicts, as well as its role in shaping public consciousness and dialogue on moral is-sues.

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Bailey, Lucy, e Simon John Williams. "The ethical challenges of researching refugee education". Qualitative Research Journal 18, n. 4 (12 novembre 2018): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-d-17-00010.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the authors’ experiences of conducting research with refugees and asylum seekers in Malaysia over multiple research projects in order to identify limitations to current procedures for receiving ethical approval for a study. It argues that the moral complexity of working with marginalized and excluded groups is not reflected in existing approaches. Design/methodology/approach Ensuring that research is ethical is integral to any empirical study, using any research design. Procedures for ensuring ethics have been developed by professional bodies across many academic fields, predominantly drawing on western legal frameworks and conceptions of agency. However, these procedures may not have applicability to certain cultural, social and political settings. The discussion in this paper focuses on devising ethical approaches for research participants from marginalized and excluded communities in diverse parts of the world, including those with no possibility of legal recourse. Findings Problems with the use of established procedures for four aspects of ethical research are identified, namely, access and gatekeepers; consent; reciprocity; and confidentiality. Originality/value The paper develops a framework for continuous ethical reflexivity. It argues that this framework should replace the established procedural approach to ethics, approved by an Institutional Review Board or ethics committee. Instead, the IRB should assign an ethical mentor who is jointly responsible with the researcher for ensuring research ethics through the use of the framework.

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Katselidis, Ioannis, George Daflos e Stelios Fetanis. "The markets' evaluation triangle". International Journal of Social Economics 47, n. 12 (11 novembre 2020): 1499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2019-0580.

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PurposeThe main goal of this paper is to provide us with a more systematic framework for examining the moral background of markets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper makes an attempt to put forward a way of market evaluation relying upon the three major moral theories of utilitarianism, deontology (Kantianism) and virtue ethics. Specifically, by using these three basic pillars, an “evaluation triangle” is constructed in order to examine various crucial moral aspects of markets' functioning.FindingsThe paper examines some significant distortions with respect to the three above-mentioned triangle's sides, using also examples from the real world. The paper also discusses the main findings from the previous analysis, stressing also emphasis on some crucial factors with respect to the triangle's functioning, such as the role of culture and time.Originality/valueMainstream economic theory, with a very few exceptions, does not acknowledge the interwovenness of economic behavior and morality, adopting the fact/value dichotomy underlying modern science. Accordingly, most economists usually avoid answering questions concerning ethical topics. The market system, however, has a direct effect on our everyday lives, so it is crucial that a systematic method of moral assessment can be proposed. Thus, this paper seeks to promote the dialogue with respect to the interconnection between economic and moral issues.

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Arefiev, Mikhail A., Antonina G. Davydenkova e Anastasija A. Vasilenkova. "The Phenomenon of Volunteerism as a Reflection of the Traditional Value of Mutual Assistance and Support (to the 100th Anniversary of the Passing of P. A. Kropotkin)". Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 21, n. 3 (11 ottobre 2021): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.055.021.202103.262-272.

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Introduction. Philosophy of culture one of the aspects of the subject field has an understanding of real cultural practice, based on multivariate reassessments of cultural traditions. The axiological component of the philosophy of culture affects the fundamental moral and ethical values of a person and society that contribute to social activity. The purpose of the article is to show the continuity of the ideological and practical volunteer movement, the importance of social activity of young people. Materials and Methods. In the article, the authors used the methodology of cultural and comparative analysis, the historical and philosophical approach to the problem, and the method of comparative studies. Among the historical foundations of axiology, there is a distinction between what is due and what is, concepts that unite ideas about ethics, human activity itself and its evaluation. The anarcho-communitarian construction of Prince Kropotkin’s ethics makes a significant contribution to this outline of reasoning, sets the guidelines for healthy human relations. The results of the Study. The principles of the evolutionary development of mutual assistance and support, solidarity and altruism, developed by the ethical philosopher and natural scientist Kropotkin in natural science and ethical works, in fact, were not only the theoretical basis of the philosophy of culture, but can also serve as guidelines for the practical activities and axiology of modern volunteers of the XXI century. Discussion. The article considers volunteerism as a continuation of a significant value tradition of mutual assistance and support, which has its historical incarnations. Solidarity, justice, altruism, instinct and the moral sense of a person – these are the main concepts of Kropotkin ethics as a doctrine of morality in its broadest sense. This year, the Russian scientific community is celebrating the centenary of the passing of P. A. Kropotkin. In this regard, it is particularly relevant to develop the principles of mutual assistance and support, which are practically in demand in the context of the cornavirus pandemic. Conclusions. The principles of the evolutionary development of mutual assistance and support, solidarity and altruism, developed by the ethical philosopher and natural scientist Kropotkin in natural science and ethical works, in fact, were not only the theoretical basis of the philosophy of culture, but also the practical activity of the axiology of modern volunteers of the XXI century, a manifestation of human social activity.

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Franek, Juraj. "Methodological Consilience of Evolutionary Ethics and Cognitive Science of Religion". Journal of Cognition and Culture 16, n. 1-2 (24 febbraio 2016): 144–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342173.

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For the larger part of modern western intellectual history, it has been assumed that the study of morality and religion requires special methodology, insulated from, and in some important aspects incongruent with, the scientific method commonly used in the realm of natural sciences. Furthermore, even if it would be granted that moral and religious behavior is amendable to scientific analysis, the prospects of using evolutionary theory in particular to do the heavy lifting in explanation of these phenomena have been bleak, since many scholars doubted that a biological theory could possibly offer any valuable contribution. Recent advances in the fields of Evolutionary Ethics and Cognitive Science of Religion disprove both claims, emphasizing empirically founded explanations, demonstrating extraordinarily high degree of methodological consilience, and revealing utmost importance of the application of evolutionary theory in fields of study once deemed to be exclusive domains of social sciences and philosophy.

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Thompson, Phillip. "Seeking Common Ground in a World of Ethical Pluralism: A Review Essay of Moral Acquaintances: Methodology in Bioethcs by Kevin Wm. Wildes, S.J." HEC Forum 16, n. 2 (giugno 2004): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:hecf.0000037122.94096.78.

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ÁRNASON, VILHJÁLMUR. "Nonconfrontational Rationality or Critical Reasoning". Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, n. 2 (25 marzo 2011): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180110000873.

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Rationality and the Genetic Challenge by Matti Häyry is a well-written and thoughtful book about important issues in the contemporary ethical discussion of genetics. The book is well structured around seven practical themes that the author takes to exemplify “the genetic challenge.” He also refers to them as “seven ways of making people better,” which the subtitle of the book already puts into question form: Making People Better? In the first chapter of the book, Häyry introduces these seven themes and he discusses each of them in Chapters 3–9. In the remaining two chapters, 2 and 10, he describes the main normative positions analyzed in the book and clarifies his own methodology and position. He chooses six authors, or three pairs of authors, whom he takes to “represent the three normative doctrines of Western Moral philosophy” (p. 27) in order to demonstrate six “divergent rationalities” or “methods of genethics.” In this way, Häyry both summarizes the main prescriptive positions in contemporary bioethical debate and contrasts them with his own “nonconfrontational notion of rationality,” which aims to show that there is a variety of divergent, not mutually exclusive normative views, the justification of which “depends ultimately on the choice of worldviews, attitudes, and ideas about the foundation of moral worth” (p. 47).

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Monshipouri, Mahmood. "Political Science". American Journal of Islam and Society 14, n. 4 (1 gennaio 1997): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i4.2222.

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Adopting an issue-oriented approach toward understanding Islamic andWestern political thought, Professor Abdul Rashid Moten places these two tradition'swithin historical and contemporary contexts. Moten's book thereby providesa comparative analysis of key issues, including Islamic research methodology,Islamic law, Islamic political and social order, strategies and tactics ofvarious Islamic movements, and the link between Islam and politics.In chapter 1, Moten examines the secular domination of Muslim thought andculture, arguing that secularism was imported into the Muslim world throughthe efforts of a Westernized elite. He adds that no such secular state had everexisted in the Muslim world. This owes much to the fact that there was (is) nocommon ground between Islam and secularism (p. 7). With secularism camenationalism, liberal political institutions, and the pursuit of a capitalist economicsystem. Nationalism, Moten notes, wedged its way into the Muslim world,dividing it into new nation-states and client states (p. 12). Since independence,secularism has failed to meet the socioeconomic and political needs of Muslimsocieties. The rising tide of Islamic revivalism against secular regimes inAlgeria and Turkey demonstrates disenchantment with the shattered secularistdreams in the Muslim world (p. 16).Chapter 2 attempts to scrutinize the inherent link between Islam and politics.The pillars of Islam, Moten writes, go beyond moral and spiritual upliftment;they entail both practical and symbolic significance in all aspects of life. InIslam, ethics sets the tone for politics, and the rules of political behavior originatefrom ethical norms. Political life cannot be separated from the broaderframework of the religious and spiritual life (p. 21 ). Islamic rulers have hardly,if ever, emphasized the separation of religion and politics. Since the nineteenthcentury, Islamic modernists and revivalists have debated the nature of this separation.The reemergence of Islam in Muslim politics and societies in the lastquarter of the twentieth century has pointed to a distinct Islamic order and thereawakening of Muslim identity. Moten cites, among others, Iran and Pakistanas examples of such a renaissance (p. 30). However, he fails to examine the divisiveeffects of lslamization programs in Pakistan (under Zia al-Haqq) and othercountries such as Sudan.The comparison between Western and Islamic methods of political inquiry isthe subject of close scrutiny in chapter 3. Moten maintains that the Islamic conceptionof polity is based on profound religious-cultural grounds and that religionand polity form an organic unity (p. 37). Likewise, ethics and politics are ...

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Aitalieva, Tolkun, Kaliia Kulalieva e Nurjan Sartbekova. "National specificity of the conceptual foundation of the epic poem “Manas”". Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics, n. 55 (29 gennaio 2024): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.27so5.

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Relevance. The relevance of exploring the conceptual space and the artistic implementation of national elements in epic works is conditioned upon the need to establish international communication about the cultural heritage of the Kyrgyz people and the consolidation of its state status. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to explore the national identity of the Kyrgyz people through the analysis of the conceptual space of the heroic poem “Manas” with the consideration of conceptual categories and nomination of key concepts. Methodology. The following methods are used in this research: analytical-synthetic, selective artistic, conceptual, intertextual, cultural studies, structural, historical and contextual. Results. Using the above methods, the conceptual structure of the heroic epic “Manas” was considered and the following categories were identified: religious, mythological, historical, philosophical, educational and folk and everyday life. In addition, the concepts included in each of these categories were indicated. The research analyzed plots, motifs and images appearing in the text of a work of fiction to develop the national identity of the Kyrgyz people. The moral and ethical values of the nation and the specifics of Kyrgyz’s upbringing and mentality were emphasised. Attention was focused on the historical context of the work and closely related philosophical categories. The results of conceptual modelling are presented in the table. Based on the analysis of Manas, an idea of the cultural, social and literary context of Kyrgyzstan was developed. Conclusions. This work can be used for comparative research of different aspects: cultural, mythopoetic, religious, and historical based on the analysis of the heroic epic, to develop an idea of the national mental core of the peoples of Central Asia, to consider the key concepts actively used in the oral and written literary traditions of Kyrgyzstan.

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Kazantseva, Larisa. "Methodological issues related to the formation of preschool children’s ecological culture within the coordinates of the modern educational ideas". Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, n. 3 (128) (31 ottobre 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2019-3-4.

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The planet’s ecological situation demands an immediate change of mankind’s, each country communities’ and each person’s attitude to the natural environment, to the saving of the natural resources, to the necessity to form an active position which would deal with the renovation and withstand the loss of the nature’s elements, which might lead to the destruction of the ecological balance. The radical change of the situation towards people’s destroying activities can be stopped on condition that all social institutions consolidate, specialists in all fields and branches of life undertake common actions, efforts in the fields of science, economics, politics and culture are integrated. In our opinion, the most responsible mission facilitating the solution of the ecological problem belongs to education, since it is to educate a personality who is able to radically change the ecological trends, to build a personality possessing a new type of thinking, new moral orientations, ecological consciousness and culture (being typical of this personality). Preschool education has a great responsible for raising person’s ecological consciousness and culture. During the preschool period, when fundamentals of the future adult life are formed, the child masters those values, ethical norms, knowledge which will allow him / her to develop his / her own new style of interacting with the surrounding world, to develop the ecologically expedient models of behaviour. We consider the widening of the connections between preschoolers’ ecological education and natural sciences, philosophy and psychology to be the way to increase its efficiency. The content-based and technological aspects of the ecological education methodology should be grounded, in great extent, on the fundamentals of the philosophy of eco-centrism. They must recreate the natural knowledge of the out-ecology (individual attitude to ecology) and synecology about living organisms, their interconnection with the environmental habitat, about organisms’ adaptation to environment, about ecosystem, biocenosis, etc. The process of ecological education is to be developed as the real practice of child’s contacting with the elements of nature during which psychological feeling, as if being involved into the natural environment and being part of nature, is formed; a subject attitude to all nature elements as to important and equal ones in their rights is built; the demand for non-pragmatic interaction with nature is cultivated. Keywords: ecological consciousness, ecological culture, eco-centrism, ecological involvement, subjective attitude, non-pragmatic interaction.

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Kucharczyk, Emilia, Tomasz Busłowicz, Michał Puła, Natalia Kucharczyk e Martyna Zakrocka. "Xenotransplantation - current social, ethical, religious, and legal aspects". Journal of Education, Health and Sport 43, n. 1 (15 agosto 2023): 242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.43.01.019.

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Introduction: Xenotransplantology, the field of transplantation involving organs or tissues between different species, holds great promise for addressing the global organ shortage crisis. However, the development of new technologies without proper legislative preparation raises significant moral and ethical considerations. This paper provides an overview of the current state of xenotransplantology, highlighting its revolutionary potential alongside the moral dilemmas it entails. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to assess current social, ethical, religious, and legal trends regarding the issue of xenotransplantation. Materials and methods: To obtain up-to-date information concerning trends in xenotransplantation, a review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, along with the latest legislative reports in both Europe and Poland, was performed. Conclusions: Firstly, the authors briefly report on the current situation concerning transplantology and the widely spread organ donor crisis. Next, the issue of species boundaries and the moral status of non-human animals is addressed. The assessment of ethical implications of utilizing animals as organ donors is examined, along with the legal acts regulating this issue. Moreover, the authors attempt to evaluate the cultural and religious differences related to this concern. Furthermore, this study discusses the allocation and distribution of xenotransplants, considering issues of justice, fairness, and access to this innovative medical technology. Lastly, the paper delves into the risks and uncertainties associated with xenotransplantation, including the possibility of cross-species disease transmission and intensified course of organ rejection disease.

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Choudhury, Masudul Alam. "Religion and social economics (a systemic theory of organic unity)". International Journal of Social Economics 43, n. 2 (8 febbraio 2016): 134–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-04-2014-0066.

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Purpose – A methodological study of religion including moral, ethical, and social values and economics takes us into the search, discovery, and establishment of a formal epistemological premise. Social economics is now studied as a methodological investigation of evolutionary and embedded systems integrating the moral, social, and economic systems. Thus an integrated theory of religion representing the realm of moral and social values and economics is formalized. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The author writes on the conjoint methodological perspective of the integrated domain of religion and economics. A formal ontology of the unified field of religion and economics is established in such an inter-causal and organically unified realm of moral, social, and economic values. A phenomenological model of the unified worldview that applies to a systemic concept of “everything” emerges. This methodology and the immanent phenomenological model relating to it convey the principle of inter-systemic organic symbiosis by a unique and universal worldview. Findings – The systemic integration between religion and economics is formally studied within the immanent system methodology that formalizes inter-disciplinary symbiosis. The result is a new formal model of integration between religion and social economics. Research limitations/implications – Empirical work can further expand the scope of the paper. Practical implications – Immense social, ethical, and cross-cultural implications emanate from the study. Social implications – The morality and ethical implications of religious values are imputed in the formal model and implications of the social economy. Originality/value – The paper is of an original nature in establishing the episteme and formalism of integration between ethical and moral values of religion into the structure of the social economy. From this both a theoretical rigor as well as logical formalism can be drawn.

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Asgari, Sharareh, Vida Shafipour, Zohreh Taraghi e Jamshid Yazdani-Charati. "Relationship between moral distress and ethical climate with job satisfaction in nurses". Nursing Ethics 26, n. 2 (18 luglio 2017): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017712083.

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Background: Moral distress and ethical climate are important issues in the workplace that appear to affect people’s quality of work life. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship of moral distress and ethical climate to job satisfaction in critical care nurses. Materials and methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 142 critical care nurses, selected from five social security hospitals in north Iran through census sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, the Olson’s Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, and the Brayfield and Rothe Job Satisfaction index. Ethical considerations: The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and the Medical Deputy of the Social Security Organization. Findings: The mean scores obtained by the critical care nurses for moral distress, ethical climate, and job satisfaction were 87.02 ± 44.56, 3.51 ± 0.53, and 62.64 ± 9.39, respectively. Although no significant relationships were observed between moral distress and job satisfaction, the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Identifying ethical stressors in the workplace and giving proper feedback to the authorities to eliminate these factors and improve the ethical climate in these workplaces can help enhance job satisfaction in nurses and lead to higher quality care.

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Paulo, Norbert. "Moral Consistency Reasoning Reconsidered". Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 23, n. 1 (1 novembre 2019): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10677-019-10037-3.

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Abstract Many contemporary ethicists use case-based reasoning to reach consistent beliefs about ethical matters. The idea is that particular cases elicit moral intuitions, which provide defeasible reasons to believe in their content. However, most proponents of case-based moral reasoning are not very explicit about how they resolve inconsistencies and how they abstract principles from judgments about particular cases. The aim of this article is to outline a methodology—called Consistency Reasoning Casuistry—for case-based reasoning in ethics. This methodology draws on Richmond Campbell and Victor Kumar’s naturalistic model for the resolution of inconsistencies between the content of intuitions about particular cases. I argue that reasons similar to those that motivate their model also support a more abstract form of moral reasoning that goes beyond mere resolutions of inconsistencies between case judgments and demands the formulation of more abstract moral norms. Consistency Reasoning Casuistry, it is argued, is a good candidate for a methodology for case-based moral reasoning that is in harmony with paradigms of contemporary moral psychology and that can accommodate the methodology implicit in the work of many contemporary ethicists.

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Pettit, Philip. "SUBSTANTIVE MORAL THEORY". Social Philosophy and Policy 25, n. 1 (20 dicembre 2007): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052508080011.

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Philosophy can serve two roles in relation to moral thinking: first, to provide a meta-ethical commentary on the nature of moral thought, as the methodology or the philosophy of science provides a commentary on the nature of scientific thought; and second, to build on the common presumptions deployed in people's moral thinking about moral issues, looking for a substantive moral theory that they might support. The present essay addresses the nature of this second role; illustrates it with substantive theories that equate moral obligations respectively with requirements of nature, self-interest, benevolence, reason and justifiability; and outlines a novel competitor in which the focus is shifted to requirements of co-reasoning and respect.

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Zadroga, Adam. "Professional Ethics of Social Entrepreneurs: The Perspective of Christian Personalist Ethics". Verbum Vitae 39, n. 2 (30 giugno 2021): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vv.11462.

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The aim of the article is to indicate and describe the normative assumptions of the professional ethics of social entrepreneurs. The innovative nature of the proposed concept consists in taking into consideration the perspective of Christian personalist ethics. It is a theory of morality which includes considerations for the biblical and theological view of man, emphasizing above all their personal dignity. Referring to the principal axioms of this ethical doctrine allows for a presentation of a proposal of ethical principles and moral virtues – adequate to the mission, tasks, and vocation of social entrepreneurs. The article discusses the following issues: the essence of Christian personalist ethics, the mission and tasks of social entrepreneurs, the motivation and vocation of social entrepreneurs, ethical aspects of leadership in social enterprises, as well as the ethical principles and moral virtues of social entrepreneurs. A methodology characteristic of normative philosophical ethics and moral theology was applied. The results of the analysis of the methodically selected literature on the subject were processed by means of conceptual work, which allowed us to describe the professional ethics of social entrepreneurs from the point of view of Christian personalist ethics. Christian personalist ethics makes a valuable and original contribution to the description of the normative determinants of social entrepreneurship. The analysis of the mission and tasks of social entrepreneurs shows that they create social structures and processes that affirm the dignity of marginalized people and restore their capacity to participate in social and economic life.

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Wright, Darryl F. "EVALUATIVE CONCEPTS AND OBJECTIVE VALUES: RAND ON MORAL OBJECTIVITY". Social Philosophy and Policy 25, n. 1 (20 dicembre 2007): 149–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052508080060.

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Those familiar with Ayn Rand's ethical writings may know that she discusses issues in metaethics, and that she defended the objectivity of morality during the heyday of early non-cognitivism. But neither her metaethics, in general, nor her views on moral objectivity, in particular, have received wide study. This article elucidates some aspects of her thought in these areas, focusing on Rand's conception of the way in which moral values serve a biologically based human need, and on her account of moral values as both essentially practical and epistemically objective in a sense fundamentally continuous with the objectivity of science. The bearing of her epistemological writings on her ethical thought is emphasized throughout, and her epistemology is defended against a line of criticism inspired by John McDowell's criticism of the so-called “myth of the given.”

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Nyamori, Divine. "Exploring the Relationship between Moral Decision-Making and Emotional Intelligence". International Journal of Philosophy 3, n. 1 (3 maggio 2024): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijp.1866.

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Purpose: The general objective of the study was to explore the relationship between moral decision- making and emotional intelligence. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the relationship between moral decision- making and emotional intelligence. Preliminary empirical review revealed that emotional intelligence significantly influences individuals' ability to make ethically sound decisions, as evidenced by positive correlations between emotional intelligence and various aspects of moral decision-making. It found that individuals with higher emotional intelligence demonstrated superior emotional awareness, regulation, and empathy, enabling them to navigate moral dilemmas more effectively. The study highlighted the practical implications of these findings, suggesting that interventions aimed at enhancing emotional intelligence could promote ethical behavior in educational, organizational, and societal contexts. Overall, the research provided valuable insights into the intricate interplay between emotional intelligence and morality, informing strategies for fostering ethical leadership and social responsibility. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning theory, Cognitive Developmental theory and Dual Process theory may be used to anchor future studies on moral decision- making and emotional intelligence. The study offered recommendations that contributed significantly to theory, practice, and policy. It suggested further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between moral decision-making and emotional intelligence. Practical implications included integrating emotional intelligence training into educational curricula and organizational practices, fostering ethical leadership and decision-making. Policy-wise, the study advocated for the integration of emotional intelligence and ethical education initiatives into broader societal frameworks. Collaboration among stakeholders was recommended to design evidence-based interventions promoting moral development and emotional competence, ultimately contributing to positive social change. Keywords: Moral Decision-Making, Emotional Intelligence, Education, Leadership, Ethical Dilemmas, Interventions, Stakeholders, Collaboration

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Stoliarenko, О. V., e О. V. Stoliarenko. "Сonceptual Anthropological Approaches to Defining the Methodology of Humanistic Education and Spiritual-Intellectual Development of Youth". Spiritual and intellectual upbringing and teaching of youth in the XXI century, n. 6 (1 giugno 2024): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.58962/2708-4809.siuty.2024.01.

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The article examines the conceptual scientific-methodological anthropological aspects of spiritual-intellectual development of a personality. The philosophical-ethical content of anthropological-methodological concepts of humanization of education in the overall strategy of personality development is analyzed. It is argued that the problem of spiritual-intellectual education of the individual is determined by the complexity, universal and multi-level character of its solution (natural-scientific, anthropological, sociological, culturological, moral-ethical aspects). Anthropological, biological, socio-psychological, philosophical-cultural, moral-ethical, and pedagogical researches are carried out, aimed at an objective, multifaceted analysis of the dialectics of natural and social factors influencing the individual and their spiritual-moral education. The necessity of substantiating the philosophical principles and comprehending the practice of spiritual-intellectual, humanistic education necessitates scientific inquiry. The achievements of humanistic pedagogy and psychology, which have a rich potential for personality development, are analyzed. In the concept of development within the "individual - society" system, the process of transitioning from the external to the internal plane is called ascent to individuality. Anthropological-methodological concepts of humanistic education in the stream of pedagogical anthropology are characterized. Depending on the philosophical concept that determines the principles and features of the education system, models of pragmatic, anthropological, social, liberal, and other types of education are distinguished. The anthropocentric model of education is based on understanding the essence of a person as an open system, and education as the creation of an environment fostering self-development. Liberal education (a variant of democratic style) aims to create conditions for choosing life values; teaching to be free. The model of humanistic education in pedagogical concepts defines scientific searches based on spirituality, human dimension, achievements of national culture, and adequacy to global humanistic trends.

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Harjoto, Maretno Agus. "Corporate social responsibility and corporate fraud". Social Responsibility Journal 13, n. 4 (2 ottobre 2017): 762–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-09-2016-0166.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of corporate culture, measured by corporate social responsibility (CSR), on the likelihood and severity of corporate fraud. CSR literature indicates that corporate managers are moral actors and are obliged to exercise their discretionary decisions according to their moral standards. Based on the moral development theory, this study argues that higher managers’ ethical values reflected by higher CSR activities are less likely to commit fraud and have lower severity of fraud. Design/methodology/approach This study argues that at the firm level, corporate culture can be measured by firms’ CSR activities. Using probit, match-pair, propensity matching and Heckman regressions on a sample of 152 criminal corporate fraud cases in the USA from the US Department of Justice (DOJ) during 2000 and 2010, this study empirically examines the impact of CSR, CSR strengths and concerns scores on the likelihood and the severity of corporate fraud. Findings Firms with higher CSR and CSR strengths (concerns) scores have lower (higher) likelihood and lower (higher) severity of corporate fraud. This study finds that firms with higher community, employee, environment and product-related CSR have lower likelihood of fraud, and firms with higher diversity, employee, environment and product-related CSR have lower fraud severity. Practical implications Establishing a positive corporate ethical culture is essential to curb the outbreak of corporate fraud that threatens our societal norms. The findings also shed some light for investors, corporate board of directors and regulators to consider CSR as a reflection of top managers’ moral values that is negatively related to the occurrence and severity of corporate fraud. Social implications Strengthening moral values among top executives and employees in corporations by encouraging CSR activities aid our society to alleviate future outbreak of epidemic problem for corporate fraud. Originality/value This study brings a new perspective that there is a relationship between corporate ethical culture within an organization, measured by CSR activities, and corporate fraud based on the cognitive moral development theory in organization.

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Шекелета, Владислав, Vladislav Shekeleta, Ирина Дмитриева, Irina Dmitrieva, Наталья Кустова e Natalya Kustova. "Business reputation of organisation in the context of the notion “social responsibility”: moral and ethical dimensions of management". Servis Plus 9, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2015): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14570.

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The article is devoted to ethical aspects of reputation management. The authors, bringing together different research methodology such as categorical and phenomenological analysis, examine the moral categories associated with the concept of reputation. Therefore, the concept of “image”, “goodwill” reveals its importance in the context of the ethical categories and moral manifestations of consciousness, such as authority, social responsibility, honesty, integrity, respect for the interests of another. In the future human dimensions of management, such as corporate ethics, corporate culture, as well as the position subjectivist approach to research of the image of the organization is ethical-oriented concept of reputation management. The author defends the position according to which it’s necessary to examine social entrepreneurship in all its dimensions, which is designed to assess the activity of the enterprise by connecting scientists, as well as components of civil society, from the perspective of human values – moral and ethical categories. In this understanding, social expertise acts as “ethical expertise”. In conjunction with the notion and phenomenon of corporate ethics there are generalizations in the context of General ethical categories. The authors show that corporate ethics is the basis, the Foundation for formation of business reputation, corporate image and other ethical components of corporate reputation. In connection with the concept of ethically-oriented management protected in the article there are the prospects for use of this methodological approach for its application not only to build a successful business reputation of the organization, but also in the process of creating a brand, developing a content marketing strategy.

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Siregar, M. Ali Akbar, e Sori Monang. "IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN ORGANISASI HMI (HIMPUNAN MAHASISWA ISLAM) DALAM MEWUJUDKAN MAHASISWA YANG INOVATIF DAN BERAKHLAK DI KOMISARIAT FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UIN SUMATERA UTARA". Jurnal Indonesia : Manajemen Informatika dan Komunikasi 4, n. 3 (10 settembre 2023): 1154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35870/jimik.v4i3.346.

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The development of the internet has had a major impact on moral behavior, many generations are easily influenced by negative behavior in their social environment, Indonesia's moral generation in modern times faces many significant challenges. In line with this, it is hoped that the HMI organization will produce innovative and moral students within the commissariat of the Faculty of Social Sciences, UIN North Sumatra. The aims of this research are: (1) To determine the Implementation of Innovative and Moral Education Organizations; (2) Bringing Up Factors Supporting and Hindering the Implementation of Innovative and Moral Organizational Education; and (3) Assessing the Impact of Implementing Innovative and Moral Education Organizations. This research uses qualitative research with data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation. While data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman methodology, it also includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the findings of research conducted by the research organization HMI Commissariat of the Faculty of Social Sciences, it can be concluded that (1) Implementation of innovative and moral organizational education, namely admonishing fellow members, politeness in speaking, time discipline, mutual respect internally and externally (2) Factors supporters in the implementation of innovative and ethical organizational education, namely interest, sincerity, loyalty in realizing HMI organizations in realizing innovative and ethical students. And the inhibiting factors for the implementation of the HMI organization in realizing innovative and moral students at the Faculty of Social Sciences Commissariat are inconsistent student attendance and different student characteristics.

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Bagrationi, Irma. "On the Risks of Ethical Decision-Making from the History of the Political Thought". Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2021): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.21.4.9.

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Introduction: We are interested in the theoretical considerations of the actual pragmatic questions about ethical worldview meaning of understanding of the innovation dealings world, the nature of its conceptual risk dilemmas and problems and sententious thinking in the sphere of political business industry. Our viewpoint is dedicated to the most important aspects of the essence and peculiarities of the social moral standards of innovation approaches in the context of a political solution through methodology of modern mental technology - especially: cognitive methods with gnostic wisdom research and utilitarian creative knowledge and axiological methodology with overestimation ethical values and demonstrating intellectual concepts. Into the framework of the main goal of the research are reviewed the basic theoretical paradigms on the background of ethical worldview analysis (through comparative historical technique of thinking) of the leading-edge conceptual theories of the famous contemporary Russian, American and European thinkers. The purpose of the article is to prove, substantiate and confirm the following thesis. In order for the ethical of timely paroemiac responsibility and political freedom to be able to fulfill its axiological tasks, it is necessary to reach some worldview ideas: ??to create an universal model of moral consciousness and high valuable behavior; overcome mental and sociocultural biases regarding the debatable assessment of the convincingness of events and determine the relevant logical reaction of society not only to a certain risk of eatable technical thinking, but also to uncertainty regarding their intellectual decision in relation to approved ethical, operational, empirical and principled notions, proposals, expression views and suggestions. The results. Scientific conceptual alternatives of optimization of practical and urgent ethical valuable dilemmas are given. The issues of the possibility of formation of a worldview system through practical ethical requirements that standard regulates the reactionary politics of intellectual reality to probabilistic hazards are discussed. The ethical standards of universal prohibitions, the moral responsibility of human nature and the ethics of virtue make a conflict of social and political interests through insurmountable cognitive, discussible, reviewable and discursive difficulties are demonstratively shown. Conclusions. Taking into dominant the essence of the main backgrounds of the existential specific theoretical approaches for worldview methods solving moral political problems is integrated some innovation decisions through valuable considerations. The fundamental ethical concepts of utilitarian thought of historical reminiscences synthesize the possibility problematic circumstances into the logical model of making morally important and useful decisions much easier are analyzed, but through in the valuating pragmatic context needs a main transformation in mental formation of ideological metric and social-political structure. Keywords: ethical worldview decision, political industry, innovation approaches, moral values, mental technologies, risk decision methods, conceptual risk dilemmas.

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Yazdimoghaddam, Hamideh, Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi e Roghayeh Zardosht. "Ethical Care: Nurses’ Experience of Moral Judgment in Intensive Care Units". Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences 12, n. 1 (30 marzo 2023): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.03.

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Background: Ethical care is concerned with aspects of work that may influence nurses’ ethical behavior. Intensive care units might expose nurses to moral judgment while caring. This qualitative study aimed to explain the nurses’ experience of moral judgment in intensive care units. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method. The participants of the study included 23 nurses working in the intensive care units (ICU, CCU, NICU) of four hospitals affiliated with Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences who were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The questions asked in the interviews included, "Would you please describe one working day of yours caring in the intensive care units?" and "While caring, did you have to hesitate to make a decision ethically? If yes, would you describe that situation?" The Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: Data collection and analysis led to the identification of 1 theme, 6 categories, and 23 subcategories. The identified theme was "intensified tension and conflict following ethical patient care in the intensive care units" and the categories were "repeated exposure to stress in ethical patient care in the intensive care units", "ethical care originated from the nurses’ beliefs", "moral judgment in care affected by the patient’s clinical condition", "moral judgment as a consequence of clinical judgment", "ethical care based on organizational and legal conditions in the moral environment", and "requirements of ethical care". Conclusion: The nurses in the intensive care units deal with ethical issues and are under a lot of stress. The results of this study can help nursing authorities pay more attention to developing ethical knowledge and ethical considerations in hospitals and provide organizational support to identify the moral tensions of nurses in intensive care units.

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Ciappei, Cristiano, Anna Marrucci, Giacomo Mininni e Marina Gallucci. "Political Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility: Enhancing the Role of the Moral dimension". CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, n. 2 (gennaio 2022): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cgrds2-2021oa12558.

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Society is currently facing profound crises which threaten the stability, development, and individuals' well-being. Specifically, health, environmental, and social crises have become topics of great interest among academics and scholars of Governance.  In this transformative environment, companies fulfill a vital role: they need to be responsible to the community by rethinking the maximization of interests. Indeed, businesses should operate by maximizing stakeholder interests and respecting social development. Failure to achieve these priority objectives can have major implications for society.  In achieving these ethical goals, Governance covers a crucial role. However, the debate on Governance and management has focused on purely control and administrative aspects. The present research offers a reinterpretation of Governance through a political lens. By examining Shareholder Theory and Stakeholder Theory, it emerges how in corporate management the political approach is superordinate to the ethical approach. This relationship between politics and ethics is analyzed in the context of Corporate Social Responsibility. Indeed, the research argues that Corporate social Responsibility is political and not ethical fact. The ethical roots of Corporate Social Responsibility can only be rediscovered through the enhancement of the moral dimension of management. In addition to Shareholder theory and Stakeholder Theory, the research explores Easton's model of political systems.  

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Нифаева, Ольга, e Olga Nifayeva. "ETHICAL BASES OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE METHODOLOGY". Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, n. 5 (30 dicembre 2016): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_58f9c4d9de9942.12572376.

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Now theoretical scientific knowledge, including economic is at post-non-classicism stage which is cha-racterized by actualization of the interdisciplinary ap-proach, strengthening of an ethical role and attracting attention to the study of difficult systems and non-linear processes. However not all currents of an eco-nomic thought correspond to post-non-classicism stage. The mainstream economics is described by some scientists in terms of crisis, super formality, unrealistic basic prerequisites and stalling. In many respects it is connected with the fact that basic outlines of an economic mainstream are based on outdated philosophical prerequisites of two centuries ago. Overcoming restrictions of economic science requires reconsideration of its methodological bases and the research object, the appeal to other social sciences and humanities achievements. Today in the methodology of economic science there are essential revolutionary changes connected with formation of a humanistic paradigm, studying of the heterogeneous economic subjects behavior having different moral qualities. According to the author, overcoming the crisis phenomena in the economic theory and increase of the practical significance of economy as a science can be connected with a return to dialectic logic, ontological bases of economic knowledge, ethical rationality, and consideration of relationship between humans.

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Wynder, Monte, e Kirsty Dunbar. "Ethical values in the evaluation of corporate social performance". Managerial Auditing Journal 31, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2016): 180–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-09-2014-1092.

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Purpose – This paper aims to explore two factors that may moderate the relation between an individual’s ethical values and their evaluation of competing ethical and financial outcomes. It is argued that distance (i.e. low proximity) attenuates moral intensity, thereby inhibiting ethical decision-making (EDM). In contrast, it is argued that presenting outcomes in a separate social and environmental perspective in the balanced scorecard (BSC) increases EDM. Design/methodology/approach – In an experiment, participants evaluated social outcomes presented in a BSC. Proximity and scorecard format were manipulated in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Findings – The results indicate that physical and social proximity increase the extent to which performance evaluation is influenced by the ethical values of the evaluator. Contrary to expectations, BSC format did not influence the EDM of the evaluator. Research limitations/implications – Participants were undergraduate students which may limit the generalisability of the results. Further research should be conducted with practicing managers. The study focused on a particular ethical issue, hiring and training from the local community. Further research is necessary to consider the effect of personal ethical values on other aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Practical implications – This study indicates that ethical values will be less salient when the outcomes relate to distant locations. There are important implications for multinational corporations seeking to avoid the liability of foreignness in their distant operations. Originality/value – Previous CSR research has focused on the institutional level. The focus of the authors on the individual’s decision-making process increases our understanding of the biases that can affect EDM.

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Han Fan, Ying, Gordon Woodbine e Glennda Scully. "Guanxi, a two-edged sword! How Australian accounting professionals view the process within a moral framework". Managerial Auditing Journal 29, n. 8 (26 agosto 2014): 695–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-11-2013-0957.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine how Western business practitioners, specifically Australian accounting professionals, identify with the Chinese value concept of guanxi and the impact of their perceptions of guanxi on their ethical decision-making. This objective is predicated by a belief that aspects of guanxi are similar to the Western concepts of social networking and would be identified by practitioners as an organizational process providing positive benefits to those associated with its application. Further, it is anticipated that concepts of guanxi influence the way Australian accountants form ethical judgements and intentions, precursors to acceptable moral behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional questionnaire based on a survey of 111 usable Australian accounting professionals was completed during 2012. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate each construct of guanxi before a path analysis was performed. Findings – Australian accounting professionals associate well with the favour-seeking aspects of guanxi, suggesting an affiliation with Western concepts of social networking. Both groups (i.e. public accountants and private accountants) reject rent-seeking guanxi as clearly unethical. Rent-seeking guanxi is seen to directly influence ethical judgement and intention; however, their favour-seeking guanxi attitudes do not influence ethical judgement or intention, regardless of employment type. Public and private accountants apply guanxi in a differential manner when determining moral intention. Public accountants are viewed as acting spontaneously without adequately considering the consequences (via the judgement phase), which appears to be a function of the nature of their personal association with the case study applied in this research. Originality/value – The research provides evidence that Australian accounting professionals relate to favour-seeking guanxi as representative of a broader notion of social networking. In this context, the guanxi instrument appears to be amenable to cross-cultural evaluations of group behaviour. Significant differences of opinion exist compared to the prior Chinese studies when unethical practices are considered. The guanxi instrument proves to be a useful tool when examining the group interactions involving Western professionals and also helps establish differences in moral constructions based on employment types.

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Skrypnyk, Nadiia, Valentina Sinelnikova, Sviatoslav Ovcharenko, Tetyana Shnurenko, Andriy Ivanish e Pelaheia Pavliuchenko. "Public Morality as a Mental, Social and Determinative Phenomenon: Neuroethical Aspects". BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 13, n. 3 (30 settembre 2022): 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/13.3/362.

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Under the conditions of a rich transformation of the Ukrainian society the national morality’s problem acquires contradictions in today's information society, therefore interaction researches of its aspects in social regulation have always been and are important. Modern neuroethics is formed as an academic disciplinary, asserting to be a variety of overlay ethical issues, apologetic and morality by the natural models established on new neurobiology’s notes and cognizable sciences. The aim of the article is to explore the essence of folk morality as a mental, social and determinative phenomenon, its neuroethical aspects particularly. In previous eras, education aimed to instill personal virtues and shape character, so ideas about moral life are in all cultures over time. In centuries-old religious teaching, the commandments have been used as the basis for moral behavior. They were given by God Moses himself on Mount Sinai after a forty-day conversation (Yakuhno I., 2019). In modern philosophy, where the ideals of democracy, for example, embrace the fundamental concepts of freedom, equality, respect and dignity for all, people have the right to determine for themselves what moral life is. Such a conversation covers different points of view among observers and scholars who think deeply about these issues. Therefore, folk morality has become the subject of our study, because it is not just a basic model to follow, but fundamental.

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Sokolov, Roman, Anton Melnikov, Igor Ryzhov e Evgeniya Mikhailovna Rogozhina. "Moral and ethical aspects of the activities of private military companies. Part 2." Конфликтология / nota bene, n. 4 (aprile 2023): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2023.4.39632.

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As part of the continuation of the study of the moral and ethical aspects of the activities of private military companies, the authors in this work study the internal factors of PMC activities that form their perception by society. The work becomes particularly relevant in the context of the special military operation of the Russian Armed Forces on the territory of Ukraine, where, according to official media reports, private military companies of Russia played a significant role in achieving the goals of the SVO. The rhetoric of the media about PMC fighters on the side of Russia changed to the opposite after the demarche of PMC "Wagner". The focus of this study is made on the causes and patterns in the operational activities of PMC concerning the formation of a staff to the use of various tactics of armed operations, which are the greatest triggers of negative perception. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach that allows to fully explore the directions of the relationship between individual criteria in recruitment, management methods and principles in the activities of PMCs and their representation in the public consciousness. Content analysis of publications in the media and social networks was used as a basis for the study of public perception. The consideration of private military companies from the point of view of their corporate culture is unique. The image of the company is formed by its actions and those who work for it and those for whom they work. The authors establish a system of relationships between these factors and the attitude to these companies on the part of society, systematize the directions of influence of these factors and draw a general and private conclusion about what role they play and how to reduce negative manifestations.

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Borhani, Fariba, Abbas Abbaszadeh, Elham Mohamadi, Erfan Ghasemi e Mohammad Javad Hoseinabad-Farahani. "Moral sensitivity and moral distress in Iranian critical care nurses". Nursing Ethics 24, n. 4 (28 settembre 2015): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015604700.

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Background: Moral sensitivity is the foremost prerequisite to ethical performance; a review of literature shows that nurses are sometimes not sensitive enough for a variety of reasons. Moral distress is a frequent phenomenon in nursing, which may result in paradoxes in care, dealing with patients and rendering high-quality care. This may, in turn, hinder the meeting of care objectives, thus affecting social healthcare standards. Research objective: The present research was conducted to determine the relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress of nurses in intensive care units. Research design: This study is a descriptive-correlation research. Lutzen’s moral sensitivity questionnaire and Corley Moral Distress Questionnaire were used to gather data. Participants and research context: A total of 153 qualified nurses working in the hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were selected for this study. Subjects were selected by census method. Ethical considerations: After explaining the objectives of the study, all the participants completed and signed the written consent form. To conduct the study, permission was obtained from the selected hospitals. Findings: Nurses’ average moral sensitivity grade was 68.6 ± 7.8, which shows a moderate level of moral sensitivity. On the other hand, nurses also experienced a moderate level of moral distress (44.8 ± 16.6). Moreover, there was no meaningful statistical relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress (p = 0.26). Discussion: Although the nurses’ moral sensitivity and moral distress were expected to be high in the intensive care units, it was moderate. This finding is consistent with the results of some studies and contradicts with others. Conclusion: As moral sensitivity is a crucial factor in care, it is suggested that necessary training be provided to develop moral sensitivity in nurses in education and practical environments. Furthermore, removing factors that contribute to moral distress may help decrease it in nurses.

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Mahon, J. "Moral matters: ethical issues in medicine and the life sciences". Journal of Medical Ethics 22, n. 1 (1 febbraio 1996): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.22.1.61-a.

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Sule, Muhammad Maga, e Attahir Shehu Mainiyo. "IMPACT OF QUR’ANIC MORAL EXCELLENCE ON THE LIVES OF MUSLIM SOCIETY: AN EXPOSITION". Spektra: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Sosial 6, n. 1 (19 aprile 2024): 65–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34005/spektra.v6i1.3637.

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The Glorious Qur’an, as the central religious text of Islam addresses various aspects of human life and provides guidance for personal and societal development. It also outlines the moral excellence for individuals and communities, focusing on spiritual, moral and social dimensions. The Glorious Qur’an recognizes the challenges faced by humanity and encourages efforts towards global human development. It however harps on the cultivation of moral virtues and ethical behavior thereby promoting justice, honesty, compassion, humility, patience and generosity. Principles of social justice and equality and the calls for eradication of discrimination based on race, gender as well as social status have aptly been captured in a plethora of Qur’anic verses. It is thus in line with this backdrop that this article intends to assess the impact of Qur’anic moral excellence on the lives of Muslim society towards human moral development. However, to achieve the objectives of the research, the article attempts to answer some basic questions. How did the Qur’an emphasize the need for social cohesion and working together to address societal challenges? What efforts are necessary for enhancing human moral development? What are the contributing factors toward promoting justice, peace and well-being of human society? What are the principles the Qur’an provides for effective navigation towards a better future for all? The article adopts analytical methodology.

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Bidabad, Bijan, e Mahshid Sherafati. "Operational ethical banking in Rastin Banking". International Journal of Law and Management 58, n. 4 (11 luglio 2016): 416–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-07-2015-0037.

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss some of the operational Islamic banking features considered in ethical banking as the aspects of Rastin Banking. Ethical banking is a branch of “ethic economics” and a narrow expression of a number of Islamic banking aspects. Design/methodology/approach These features are often involved in the discussions under the topic of internal control and describe the operational characteristics of ethical banking within the framework of Rastin Banking. Findings This study refers to the principles of Rastin Banking, including operational, financial, economic, ethical, social, legal, international and organizational principles. Additionally, it takes into account some of the internal control systems. Research limitations/implications Converting ethical codes into executable laws and regulations needs sophistication, and the art of codification in this subject can be observed in the present paper. Practical implications As far as the ethical behaviour of the assessor and trustee is concerned, the necessities of honesty, belief, virtuosity, rectitude and compliance with moral values, as well as reward and punishment mechanisms, are operationally examined. Transparency, governance and disclosure of information are the other components. The methods of auditing, accounting, inspection and preservation of Rastin Banking achievements are amongst the other matters of concern. Social implications An assiduous attention to the operational details of each of the above-said discussions revealed that the Islamic banking components are capable of covering the topics and discussions beyond ethical banking. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to solve the practical ethical problem in operational banking.

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Mainuddin, Mainuddin, Tobroni Tobroni e Moh Nurhakim. "Pemikiran Pendidikan Karakter Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg dan Thomas Lickona". Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 6, n. 2 (16 agosto 2023): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54069/attadrib.v6i2.563.

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This paper aims to find out how Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg, and Thomas Lichona think about character education in contemporary Islam. The benefits for the government and educators make the educational ideas of Al-Ghazali, Lawrence Kolberg, and Thomas Lichona an inspiration in upholding quality Indonesian education. This research method is qualitative with descriptive analysis techniques using library research (library research). Through this literature review, researchers try to describe existing phenomena, which are currently taking place or in the past, and are sourced from various sources that have theoretical depth from experts. This study examines the perspective of character education according to Al-Ghazali, Thomas Lickona, and Lawrence Kolberg by examining the theories put forward. The results of this paper are that according to Al-Ghazali educational thinking is religious-ethical in nature, al-Ghazali's educational goals cover three aspects, namely cognitive aspects, affective aspects, and psychomotor aspects. Al-Ghazali mentioned four scientific classification categories, namely; classification of science syar'iyah (religion) and 'aqliyah (reason); theoretical and practical sciences; knowledge is presented (hudhûri) and acquired (hushûli); The knowledge of fardhu 'ain and fardhu kifayah. Meanwhile, Thomas Lickona stated that the notion of character education is a deliberate effort to help someone understand, pay attention to, and carry out core ethical values. And more broadly, he stated that character education is a deliberate (conscious) effort to realize virtue, namely objectively good human traits, not only good for individuals but also good for society as a whole. According to Lawrence Kolberg, Kohlberg offers fictional moral issues, so that for the context of the Indonesian nation, it is necessary to prioritize contemporary moral issues that actually occur in everyday life. In this case, what needs to be emphasized is that children have diverse experiences in social problems. Children must also be confronted with moral problems from a different perspective. Thus the diversity of moral problems and various perspectives in solving moral problems will encourage children's moral development to a higher stage.

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Hatta, Koji. "Equalisation and civic duty in Keynesian social democracy". International Journal of Social Economics 43, n. 9 (12 settembre 2016): 931–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2015-0175.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse Charles Anthony Raven Crosland and Thomas Humphrey Marshall’s respective theories of equalisation and civic duty, and assesses the ethical criticisms made against these theories. Many of the ethical criticisms levelled against Crosland and Marshall argue that their theories focused exclusively on equalisation and social rights. In taking a morally neutral position, they neglected the duties that should be performed by citizens. This paper assesses the force of these ethical criticisms. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins by identifying the cardinal points of Crosland and Marshall’s theories of equalisation and the duties that should be performed by citizens. The author ask whether it is reasonable to conclude that they took morally neutral positions and neglected these duties. The author then explore and assess the critique levied against Crosland and Marshall. Findings Crosland took a passive stance on the intervention of the government in civic morality and did not develop a discussion of the duties that ought to be performed by citizens. Thus, in some respects, he cannot avoid the ethical criticism that he took a morally neutral position and neglected civic duty. Marshall did not discuss only equalisation and social rights, but also considered the duties that ought to be performed by citizens. Consequently, it is concluded that the ethical criticism of his theory is not valid. Originality/value The paper makes an original contribution in the understanding of three areas: Crosland’s moral neutrality, Marshall’s discussion on civic duty, and the ethical criticism of Keynesian social democracy.

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Arli, Denni, Fandy Tjiptono e Warat Winit. "Consumer ethics among young consumers in developing countries: a cross national study". Social Responsibility Journal 11, n. 3 (3 agosto 2015): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-05-2013-0059.

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Purpose – The present study aims to examine the similarities and differences between young consumers in Indonesia and Thailand based on actionable and strategy-yielding marketing variables (e.g. Machiavellianism, ethical orientations, trust, opportunism and materialism) and, second, it examined the impact of these variables on consumer ethics. Design/methodology/approach – A convenience sample of university students from a large private university in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) and a large public university in Chiang Mai (Thailand) were asked to complete a survey that incorporated scales to measure consumers’ ethical beliefs, specifically, Machiavellianism, ethical orientation, opportunism, trust and materialism, as well as demographic classification questions. Findings – The findings showed that young Indonesian and Thai consumers display similarities on most of the constructs. Moreover, the study found that personal moral philosophies (i.e. idealism and relativism) and trust strongly influence their judgment in ethically intense situations in both countries. Research limitations/implications – The current study has several limitations, especially the use of convenience sampling that may limit the generalizability of the findings. Students in Indonesia and Thailand may behave differently from general consumers or other cohorts with regards to their ethical judgments. Practical implications – Because personal ethical positions are developed over a lifetime of experiences in dealing with and resolving moral issues, schools and universities should intervene and educate youth on acting in ways that are consistent with moral rules. Currently, universities and schools in Indonesia and Thailand and many other countries in developing countries do not promote this knowledge to students. Originality/value – This is one of the first studies exploring consumer ethics in Indonesia and Thailand.

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Jarmużewski, Mateusz. "Natural Sciences and/in Moral Theology: The Case of Free Will". Studia Nauk Teologicznych PAN, n. 17 (28 novembre 2022): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/snt.13799.

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The issue of free will, supporting moral responsibility in various accounts of Catholic moral theology, is in a particular way situated at the crossroads of theological and non-theological disciplines. Because of its connection to philosophy, as well as to natural and empirical sciences, the topic enjoys growing interdisciplinary attention. Early studies in cognitive neuroscience of volition, inspired by the experiment of Libet (1983), suggest that free will is an illusion because our conscious intentions do not cause corresponding actions: these are initiated earlier by the unconscious brain processes. While this seems to conflict with fundamental anthropological and ethical assumptions, a closer look renders such a worry immature. The more traditional, pre-modern notion of what willing, intending and choosing actually means – and how does it relate to us having free will or not – proves largely intact by the Libet-style argumentation. At the same time, new developments within a multidisciplinary science of volition highlight several aspects of freedom and agency that could be central to the way humans produce actions and control their lives. Implications from these studies might provoke some reformulations on the side of theological ethics. They might also set forth some particular schools and traditions, such as Christian virtue ethics, as theologically preferable. All this on the condition that a kind of knowledge coming from natural sciences – which often already contains a measure of (theological) interpretation– can be seen as both relevant and integrable in theological methodology and insight. Anthropological and ethical realms strike as particularly suitable for such integration: the essential embodiment of personal agency definitely deserves more attention, also for clarifying its free and indeed moral predicate.

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Kirichenko, I. "Finland's Innovation Policy: Sociohumanitarian Aspects". World Economy and International Relations 65, n. 12 (2021): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-12-61-67.

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Modern society faces large-scale challenges associated with the digitalization of economic and social processes, especially at its new stage – the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The point is that the use of AI entails great ethical risks, since creates an opportunity for non-observance of human rights to privacy. In Finland, a country that has been pursuing an innovation policy closely linked to socio-economic policies that responds to social challenges for several decades, this problem is widely discussed and strives to minimize and even eliminate the above risks in decisions on research and development (R&D) policy. Therefore, R&D in the field of AI technologies is carried out in Finland at the intersection of computer, mathematical and humanitarian sciences, since one of the most important issues of its application is the question of how moral and ethical its results will be. In this regard, the analysis and understanding of Finland’s experience in this area is important and necessary. Finland has traditionally in recent decades prioritized the humanitarian component in the formation of innovation policy. The technological component was viewed through the prism of social problems that should be resolved in the course of economic development, the main driver of which is innovation processes. This approach is determined by the country’s social development model. The openness of public administration, the high role of the country’s citizens in making the most important strategic decisions, the social responsibility of business, taking into account the opinion of the expert community leads to a balanced promotion of technologies in the economy. Of course, opportunities for innovative development “with a human face” from time to time run into economic constraints – which was clearly manifested, for example, during a pandemic. Nevertheless, when it comes to digitalization and the use of AI, the Finnish state and society continue to strive to ensure the presumption of morality and ethics in the implementation of these technologies. The country is conducting humanitarian and sociological research in this area, as well as developing mechanisms for managing the ethics and morality of AI. The country strives to become a leader not only in AI technologies, but also in developing the principles of preserving the humanitarian and moral values that Finland shares with Europe.

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van Heugten, Kate. "Social Workers who Move into Private Practice: Ideological Considerations as a Factor in the Transition". Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 83, n. 5 (ottobre 2002): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.65.

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Various aspects of a recent and unprecedented upsurge in private-practice social work in New Zealand were examined in research conducted from 1993 to 1999. A qualitative methodology was employed to try to reveal new information about a field of practice that has been extensively canvassed using quantitative methods. The findings reported here concern the importance of ethical dilemmas. These dilemmas were a surprisingly common motivating factor in respondents' decision to leave salaried agency social work. Most of the 33 respondents had recently left government or quasi-government agencies and less commonly had left private, nonprofit agencies. As expected, ethical dilemmas also arose in the transition to private practice, and respondents related their mostly pragmatic management of these.

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Dunn, Paul, e Barbara Sainty. "Professionalism in accounting: a five-factor model of ethical decision-making". Social Responsibility Journal 16, n. 2 (11 gennaio 2019): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-11-2017-0240.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a model of ethical decision-making that applies to accountants and the accounting profession. Design/methodology/approach This model is an integration of five factors that influence ethical decision-making by accountants: professional codes of conduct; philosophical orientation; religious orientation; culturally derived values; and moral maturity. Findings This model is a synthesis of previous identified factors that influence ethical decision-making and incorporates them into a model that is specific to professional accountants. Research limitations/implications The authors develop a set of propositions and explain how this model can be tested and its implications for both the accounting profession and the teaching of business ethics. Originality/value This model presents a new way of viewing ethical decision-making by accountants that is predicated on the importance of professional codes of conduct that influence both behaviour and decision-making. The external certification of professional accountants provides a layer of accountability not previously incorporated into ethical decision-making models.

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Sugiarto e Ahmad Farid. "Literasi Digital Sebagai Jalan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Di Era Society 5.0". Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 6, n. 3 (20 luglio 2023): 580–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v6i3.2603.

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Character education is an important component in the framework of developing moral and ethical values in students. In the era of Society 5.0, where digital technology has become an important part of everyday life, digital literacy is an important factor in strengthening character education. Digital literacy refers to an individual's ability to use, evaluate, and actively participate in the digital environment. This study aims to explain the role of digital literacy in strengthening character education in the era of Society 5.0. The research method used is a literature study by collecting data from various relevant sources. This study analyzes the relationship between digital literacy and strengthening character education by considering aspects such as technological knowledge, digital skills, responsible online media behavior, and ethical awareness in the digital world. The results show that digital literacy can be an effective way to strengthen character cultivation in the era of society 5.0. Through digital literacy, learners can develop values such as honesty, responsibility, empathy, cooperation, and problem solving. Digital literacy can also help learners understand social, economic, and cultural impacts and promote responsible attitudes in their use. In conclusion, digital literacy has an important role in strengthening character education in the era of Society 5.0. By paying attention to aspects of technological knowledge, digital skills, responsible online behavior, and ethical awareness, digital literacy can help learners develop strong moral and ethical values in the use of digital technology. Collaborative efforts between various parties are needed to overcome challenges and ensure effective integration of digital literacy in character education in the era of Society 5.0.

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Akhmetova, I. A., e Zh O. Galy. "Mediation in Kazakh customs as an institute of volunteerism". Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 107, n. 3 (30 settembre 2022): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022hph3/247-252.

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The concept of “mediation” is a complex system based on the establishment of a compromise in a historical and philosophical context. Volunteering is the implementation of voluntary activities in providing assistance to vulnerable groups in a social strata. The article considers the answers to the questions what is the concept of mediation in the traditional Kazakh society and its connection with voluntariness, what is its essence. This article will not only allow us to scientifically study the relationship of conciliation procedures in Kazakh society with mediation, moral aspects, but also assess the essence of this concept from the point of view of voluntariness, spiritual and moral value as an ethical phenomenon. The authors take a step towards scientific theoretical analysis based on the theses of scientific works of a number of researchers who studied the patterns of mediation in the article. The ethno-cultural aspects of mediation are revealed, based on the fact that the activities of the board members who carried out voluntary mediation activities in the Kazakh steppe to reconcile the conflicting parties are really connected with voluntariness. Although the historical and theoretical foundations of conciliation procedures are considered only in the law of customs, at the present stage it is concluded that research is necessary along with voluntary, ethical principles

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Zapata-Barrero, Ricard, e Evren Yalaz. "Qualitative migration research ethics: a roadmap for migration scholars". Qualitative Research Journal 20, n. 3 (23 giugno 2020): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-02-2020-0013.

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PurposeThis article aims to set a roadmap for an ethical programme, which we call “qualitative migration research ethics” (QMRE). It is a scoping review that maps current ethical challenges that migration scholars often face and provide guidance, while acknowledging the fact that many researchers deal with ethical issues on a case-by-case basis.Design/methodology/approachBy connecting three lines of debates – ethics in social sciences, in qualitative research and in migration studies – this article addresses the following core questions: What are the particular ethical dilemmas in qualitative migration research (QMR)? How do migration researchers deal with these ethical dilemmas? What is the role of universal ethical codes of conduct and case-by-case ethical considerations in dealing with particular situations?FindingsThis review demonstrates that special aspects of migration research context, e.g. participants' mobility, potential vulnerability and migration as a politicized issue as well as the flexible and exploratory nature of qualitative research require particular ethical awareness that cannot be sufficiently addressed by standardized guidelines.Originality/valueIt proposes that efforts to raise ethical awareness must go beyond researchers' ethical confessions or blind adherence to pre-fixed guidance. Researchers must have critical “ethical radar” before, during and after their fieldwork; not only while working on extreme and vulnerable cases but also while doing all kind of research regardless of the level of vulnerability. Last but not least, this article claims the need for including critical ethical consciousness substantially in higher education programmes at the very beginning of the research career.

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Arli, Denni, e Andre Pekerti. "Investigating the influence of religion, ethical ideologies and generational cohorts toward consumer ethics: which one matters?" Social Responsibility Journal 12, n. 4 (3 ottobre 2016): 770–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-08-2015-0112.

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Purpose In the debate whether ethics should be separated from religion or otherwise, few have investigated the impact of religious beliefs and ethical ideologies on consumer ethics. Thus, the purpose of this study to investigate the influence of consumers’ religion, moral philosophy and generational cohort on their perception toward various consumers’ ethical behavior practices. Design/methodology/approach The study uses sample from three different cohorts (Generation Y, Generation X and Baby boomers) in Australia. The final numbers of respondents are 251. Male and female respondents are almost equal in number (52 and 48 per cent, respectively). Most participants are single (56 per cent), and 24 per cent are married. The age cohorts are Gen-Y (70 per cent), Gen-X (16 per cent) and Baby boomers (14 per cent). In terms of religion, 46 per cent of the respondents were identified as Christian or Catholic, whereas 42 per cent reported having no religion. Findings The results show that religiosity had the strongest effect compared to moral ideologies and generation cohorts. It can be assumed that at least for religious consumers, when two ideas collide between religion and ethical ideologies, religious principles may supersede ethical ideologies. The study offers several implications for marketers, educators and public policy makers. Research limitations/implications The current study has several limitations, especially the use of convenience sampling that may limit the generalizability of the findings. Consumers in Australia may behave differently from general consumers or other cohorts with regard to their ethical judgments. Originality/value This is one of the first few studies exploring consumer ethics in Australia. We may conclude that in some ethical situations, religion will supersede ethical ideologies. Accordingly, it is important not to remove religion from ethics education, especially for religious consumers.

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Fomina, Olena, e Nataliya Olentsevych. "Theoretical Aspects of Modern Ukrainian Society Economic Behavior Modeling". Economic journal Odessa polytechnic university 2, n. 16 (23 febbraio 2021): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/ej.02.2021.8.

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Economic behavior, as a goal-rational activity of an entity living in certain conditions, depends on many factors, namely the needs, interests, values, moral and ethical norms, economic consciousness, the level of economic thinking, etc. It was hypothesized the existence of the natural, social and mental type of economic behavior. The characteristic of each type of economic behavior through its purpose, form, characteristic of economy, result activity is given. It is proved that economic behavior of any type has certain signs of rationality, pragmatism of motivation and the desire for equivalence. The modeling method is used to assess the economic behavior of Ukrainian society based on the analysis of indices of human development and economic freedom. An Index of Economic Behavior is proposed and an interpretation of its quantitative values is provided.

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MacGregor Pelikánová, Radka, Robert Kenyon MacGregor e Martin Černek. "New trends in codes of ethics: Czech business ethics preferences by the dawn of COVID-19". Oeconomia Copernicana 12, n. 4 (21 dicembre 2021): 973–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2021.032.

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Research background: The morality and sustainability depend upon the active engagement of all stakeholders. Businesses might have to observe minimum standards via their corporate social responsibility (CSR), but this does not imply any mandatory and enforceable requirements for their internal documents. Crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic magnify differences and might impact the perception and commitment to ethics and modify preferences. Purpose of the article: Since it is up to each and every business whether it will issue Codes of Ethics or Codes of Conduct (Codes) and how they will project ethical principles, values and concerns in them, it is both illuminative and instrumental to conduct a massive theoretical and literature review, to identify five aspects for exploration of Codes: (i) human nature (ii) moral values (iii) ethical principles, (iv) reasoning and (v) sustainability pillars, and to perform such an exploration via a case study at the dawn of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Based on a massive theoretical and literature review, five aspects for exploration have been identified and employed in a case study involving twenty Codes of the largest Czech businesses, while focusing on their preferences. This is to be achieved by a holistic advanced content analysis employing meta-analysis and manual Delphi method with Likert scoring by a panel of experts. Findings & value added: The case study reveals that generally Codes prefer (i) Socrates´ perception of human nature, (ii) respect and responsibility as moral values, (iii) the principle of solidarity, (iv) social contract and deontological reasoning and (v) the sustainability social pillar. These findings demonstrate discrepancies and inconsistencies between and also within these Codes, which often paternalistically reject the multi-stakeholder approach that is needed to overcome COVID-19. This litigates for the appropriateness of this new methodology and encourages further longitudinal case studies entailing more jurisdictions and industries.

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Antipov, A. V. "On the Role of the Ethical Theory in the Structure of Artificial Moral Agents in the Cultural Field of the Information Society". Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 8, n. 2 (26 giugno 2024): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2024-2-30-8-21.

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This study actualizes the ethical and philosophical aspects of creating artificial intelligentsystems and artificial moral agents. The relevance of the study is justified by the need to comprehendthe formation of digital ethics, which in the space of modern culture occupies an increasingly domi-nant position. At the same time, its ambiguous nature and inchoate subject of analysis are shown.Ethical characteristics are a part of the general cultural space of embedding intellectual systems intothe world of people and reflection on this process. The aim of the research is to analyze ethical theoryin the structure of artificial moral agents. For this purpose, the following tasks are realized. Firstly,various strategies of ethical regulation are considered from the point of view of their formalizationfor use in intelligent systems. Special attention is paid to the negative manifestations of the creationof artificial moral agents, and the arguments against their appearance are analyzed. Among the latterare both well-known ones (the problem of malicious use and existential experiences of mankind asa species) and more specificly for philosophy and ethics (such as manipulation of behavior throughemulation of emotions and the problem of remote access and use). Secondly, issues related to theethics of intelligent systems are raised and the controversies surrounding their implementation are presented. Thirdly, deontology and utilitarianism are analyzed as theories suitable for formalizationand use in the structure and architecture of artificial moral agents. The methodology of ethical andhumanitarian expertise and case analysis are used to fulfill the outlined steps. The main material forthe research is theoretical models of realization of artificial moral agents and embedding ethicaltheories such as deontology and utilitarianism into them. Also, based on a case study of a social ro-bot, the differences between deontology and utilitarianism are examined in terms of case resolution.The result of the study is a discussion that the use of utilitarianism as moral arithmetic is better suitedto formalization and the use of artificial moral agents in the architecture, as it is possible to representeach action and its consequences with a quantitative parameter. However, deontology allows theconstruction of a theory of permitted and prohibited actions that can better reflect the actual pro-cess of doing an act. The main difficulty for deontology and its formalization is the correlation of thecategories and the category of permissibility of an action, as it is difficult to identify it as a separateuse case since it is neither a forbidden action nor an obligatory one. Based on this, it is concludedthat it is not enough to simply formalize an ethical theory, but it is necessary to make it possible forartificial agents to construct an ethical model on their own.

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Rohozha, Mariya, e Valentyna Panchenko. "From history of moral culture toward applied ethics: T. G. Abolina's ethical researches at Kyiv university". UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, n. 2 (11) (2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2022.2(11).04.

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The article is focused on the academic legacy of Tetyana G. Abolina (1950–2015), doctor of philosophical sciences, professor of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Ethics as the science paved the way with difficulties at domestic academic environment in the mid of the previous century. It has been transforming from the marxist-leninist propaganda toward moral theory. The ability of a professional ethicist to find one's own path in the field and create personal intellectual niche for academic activity testified the uprise of the worthy of attention theorist. Thus, the 'star' of T. G. Abolina had flared. For 37 years at the University Department of Ethics, Aesthetics and Culture Studies she had come the path from marxist-leninist ethics primarily toward research of history of moral culture in the context of socio-cultural dynamics. Moral culture was comprehended by prof. T. G. Abolina as the system of person's self-affirmation which possessed internal structure and was changing at every level of cultural-historical process in its main and specific characteristics and definite historical forms. Moral culture was understood in integrity of all aspects of practical reason, exposed specifics of historical forms, their internal structure and natural integrity. Last fifteen years of her life, prof. T. G. Abolina came to the theory of applied ethics and ethical expertise in definite fields of social life. She considered applied ethics as the procedure of morally-ethical thinking that is the natural synthesis of theory and practice, immediate usage of theory in practice. The article pays attention to Abolina's understanding of ethical expertise of social projects and practical potentiality of ethical projects in the field of public philosophy as well as ethics application to social practice and her personal 'applied turn' and activities she initiated at that way. The paper deals with the analysis of her personal monograph "Historical Destiny of Morality. Philosophical Analysis of Moral Culture" (1992), her PhD (1982) and doctoral (1999) dissertations. Prof. T. G. Abolina delivered special courses at the faculty of philosophy, which reflected her academic search at each period of time. Main ideas of her courses "Ideas of the New Ethics in the Spiritual Culture of the 20th Century" and "Evil and Fiction" are analyzed in the article.

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Beauchamp, Tom L. "Does Ethical Theory Have a Future in Bioethics?" Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 32, n. 2 (2004): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2004.tb00467.x.

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The last twenty-five years of published literature and curriculum development in bioethics suggest that the field enjoys a successful and stable marriage to philosophical ethical theory. However, the next twenty-five years could be very different. I believe the marriage is troubled. Divorce is conceivable and perhaps likely. The most philosophical parts of bioethics may retreat to philosophy departments, while bioethics continues on its current course toward a more interdisciplinary and practical field.I make no presumption that bioethics is integrally linked to philosophical ethical theory. Indeed, I assume that the connection is contingent and fragile. Many individuals in law, theological ethics, political theory, the social and behavioral sciences, and the health professions carefully address mainstream issues of bioethics without finding ethical theory essential or breathtakingly attractive. This is not surprising. Moral philosophers have traditionally formulated theories of the right, the good, and the virtuous in the most general terms.

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