Bibliografie tematiche / Social polymorphism

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 12 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Guo, Lei, Yanan Liu, Lijun Liu, Shixiu Shao, Yanwei Cao, Jiaming Guo e Haitao Niu. "The CYP19A1 (TTTA)n Repeat Polymorphism May Affect the Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis". American Journal of Men's Health 15, n. 3 (maggio 2021): 155798832110170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15579883211017033.

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Abnormal aromatase (CYP19A1) expression may participate in prostate cancer (PCa) carcinogenesis. However, the results of studies on the CYP19A1 gene polymorphisms and PCa are conflicting. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the associations between the CYP19A1 Arg264Cys polymorphism and the (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism and PCa. Electronic databases (PubMed, EmBase, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library) were comprehensively searched to identify eligible studies. The strength of the association between the Arg264Cys polymorphism and PCa was assessed by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in allelic, dominant, recessive, homozygous, and heterozygous genetic models. To analyze the impact of the (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism, we sequentially took the N-repeat allele (where N equals 7,8,10,11,12, and 13) as the minor allele and the sum of all the other alleles as the major allele. The ORs and 95% CIs were calculated in the allelic model; this analysis was performed individually for each repeat number. Pooled estimates of nine studies addressing the Arg264Cys polymorphism indicated that this polymorphism was not associated with PCa risk in the overall population or in the Caucasian or Asian subgroups. The 8-repeat allele in the (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism increased PCa risk in the overall population (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.14–1.58, p = .001) and in the subgroup with population-based (PB) controls (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.13–1.74, p = .002) as well as in the subgroup using capillary electrophoresis to identify this polymorphism (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09–1.65, p = .006).The meta-analysis indicated that the CYP19A1 (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism, but not the Arg264Cys polymorphism, may affect PCa risk.

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Carver, Charles S., Sheri L. Johnson e Youngmee Kim. "Mu opioid receptor polymorphism, early social adversity, and social traits". Social Neuroscience 11, n. 5 (24 novembre 2015): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2015.1114965.

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M. khadhim, Manal, Ali T. AL-Damerchi e Meraim A. Kazaal. "Evaluation of A Disintegrin and Metalloprotein33 Gene Polymorphism in Bronchial Asthma". AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL 11, n. 19 (24 luglio 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.28922/qmj.2015.11.19.1-9.

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Background: A disintegrin and metalloprotein 33 (ADAM33) gene is the first asthma candidate gene identified by positional cloning, may be associated with lung function decline and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. However, replication results have been inconclusive in smaller previous study populations probably due to inconsistence in asthma phenotypes or yet unknown environmental influences. This study aimed to further elucidate the role of ADAM33 polymorphisms (SNPs) in a genetic analysis of our case- control. Materials and methods: One polymorphic sites (V4) of ADAM33 gene was genotyped in 69 patients with bronchial asthma, and 20 healthy controls. Genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and SPSS version 20 computer software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) in association with Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The single nucleotide polymorphisms V4 G/C, of the ADAM33 gene may be participate in the susceptibility of bronchial asthma in the Iraqi population. Conclusion: Although ADAM33-V4 polymorphism not associated with asthma in many population, our study confirmed significant correlation between ADAM33-V4 and asthma .

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Cardoso, Jessica Vilarinho, Daniel Escorsim Machado, Renato Ferrari, Mayara Calixto da Silva, Plínio Tostes Berardo e Jamila Alessandra Perini. "Polymorphisms in VEGF and KDR genes in the development of endometriosis: a systematic review". Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 16, n. 3 (settembre 2016): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042016000300002.

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Abstract Objectives: to review studies that used case-control design to verify the association of polymorphisms in VEGF and KDR genes in the development of endometriosis. Methods: the systematic review selected articles published until September 1, 2015 from PubMed, MEDLINE, BVS, SciELO databases, considering the following key words: endometriosis and ("polymorphism" or "SNP" or "genetic polymorphism") and ("VEGF" OR "Vascular endothelial growth factor" or "VEGFR-2" or "Vascular endothelial growth factor-2" or "KDR" or "Kinase Insert Domain Receptor"). Results: 106 articles were identified, only 11 were eligible. Discrepant results were observed regarding polymorphisms in VEGF gene in the development of endometriosis, which can be explained by methodological differences, sample size, eligible control type, using the unadjusted risk estimates and the heterogeneity of the studied population. Only one study investigated polymorphisms in KDR gene in the development of endometriosis, however it was ineligible for this review. Conclusions: to avoid discrepancy in the results, we suggest that the ideal control group should be formed by fertile women and free of gynecological diseases. Multicentric studies with adequate design, involving different population besides the combined analysis on polymorphisms in VEGF and KDR genes are still necessary to contribute in the understanding of this disease, which are social, clinical and economical problems.

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BARGUM, K., H. HELANTERÄ e L. SUNDSTRÖM. "Genetic population structure, queen supersedure and social polymorphism in a social Hymenoptera". Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20, n. 4 (luglio 2007): 1351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01345.x.

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Harpur, Brock A., e Sandra M. Rehan. "Connecting social polymorphism to single nucleotide polymorphism: population genomics of the small carpenter bee, Ceratina australensis". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 132, n. 4 (12 febbraio 2021): 945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blab003.

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Abstract How do social insects expand and adapt to new ranges and how does sociality per se contribute to their success (or failure)? These questions can become tractable with the use of population genomics. We explored the population genomics of the socially polymorphic small carpenter bee, Ceratina australensis, across its range in eastern and southern Australia to search for evidence of selection and identify loci associated with social nesting. We sampled and sequenced fully the genomes of 54 socially and solitarily nesting C. australensis within Queensland, Victoria and South Australia, yielding 2 061 234 single nucleotide polymorphisms across the genome. We found strong evidence of population-specific selection and evidence of genetic variants associated with social nesting behaviour. Both the sets of associated loci and differentially expressed ‘social’ genes had evidence of positive selection, suggesting that alleles at genes associated with social nesting might provide different fitness benefits.

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Maliza, Rita, Lalu Muhammad Irham, Jaka Pradika, Kharisma Pratama, Haafizah Dania, Bramadi Arya e Dyah Aryani Perwitasari. "Genetic polymorphism and the risk of diabetic foot: a bibliometric analysis from 2011-2021". International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 12, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2023): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v12i4.23028.

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Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) has been associated with genetic and environmental factors, which could potentially have a role in DFU development. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes linked to DFU, including inflammation. Bibliometric studies on the SNP on genes affecting DFU still have not been evaluated. This study aims to depict bibliographically and understand the topic trend of genetic polymorphism and the risk of DFU publications. A bibliometric methodology was applied in this study. The data were extracted through the Scopus database from 2011 to 2021. VOS viewer was used to classify and summarize Scopus articles. The 35 articles were evaluated. India topped the list of countries with the most publications, and Tehran University of Medical Sciences was the primary institution. Singh K and his team were the first contributing authors with 44 citations. Keywords analysis indicated that the research hotspots were DFU, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic foot ulcers, polymorphisms, hypoxia, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), diabetic foot, diabetes mellitus, and oxidative stress. This study summarizes the current state, trends in genetic polymorphism and risk with DFU research. It may provide researchers with insight into the genetic polymorphism and risk associated with DFU research, as well as useful information for identifying possible collaborators and partner institutions.

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Brock, Kinsey M., Simon Baeckens, Colin M. Donihue, José Martín, Panayiotis Pafilis e Danielle L. Edwards. "Trait differences among discrete morphs of a color polymorphic lizard, Podarcis erhardii". PeerJ 8 (5 novembre 2020): e10284. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10284.

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Color polymorphism defies evolutionary expectations as striking phenotypic variation is maintained within a single species. Color and other traits mediate social interactions, and stable polymorphism within a population is hypothesized to be related to correlational selection of other phenotypic traits among color morphs. Here, we report on a previously unknown throat color polymorphism in the Aegean Wall Lizard (Podarcis erhardii) and examine morph-correlated differences in traits important to social behavior and communication: maximum bite force capacity and chemical signal profile. We find that both sexes of P. erhardii have three color morphs: orange, yellow, and white. Moreover, orange males are significantly larger and tend to bite harder than yellow and white males. Although the established color polymorphism only partially matches the observed intraspecific variation in chemical signal signatures, the chemical profile of the secretions of orange males is significantly divergent from that of white males. Our findings suggest that morph colors are related to differences in traits that are crucial for social interactions and competitive ability, illustrating the need to look beyond color when studying polymorphism evolution.

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Yang, Chaeyeon, Aeran Kwon, Bori Jung, Hyun Seo Lee, Hyang Sook Kim e Seung-Hwan Lee. "Risk and Protective Factors for Childhood Physical Abuse and Suicidal Ideation: The Effect of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Polymorphism and Social Support". Psychiatry Investigation 19, n. 10 (25 ottobre 2022): 857–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0189.

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Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood physical abuse and suicidal ideation considering the effects of genetic and environmental factors in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by focusing on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphism and social support, respectively.Methods One-hundred fourteen patients with PTSD and 94 healthy controls (HCs) were genotyped with respect to BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. All participants underwent psychological assessments. The hierarchical regression analysis and the simple slope analysis were conducted.Results As for patients with PTSD, the moderation effect of BDNF polymorphism was significant but not for social support. Specifically, the BDNF Val/Val genotype worked as a risk factor and strengthens the relationship between childhood physical abuse and suicidal ideation. As for the HCs, the significant moderation effect was found only in social support, but not for BDNF polymorphism. The relationship between childhood physical abuse and suicidal ideation was weakened for the HCs with high social support.Conclusion This study demonstrated a significant BDNF genetic vulnerability for suicide in patients with PTSD who experienced childhood physical abuse. Our results suggested that social support provided a mitigating effect on the relationship between childhood physical abuse and suicidal ideation only in the HCs.

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Troisi, A. "S12-03 Individual differences in social affiliation: The role of the A118G polymorphism of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1)". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzo 2011): 2055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73758-0.

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IntroductionMost of us find social encounters rewarding, especially when we encounter those with whom we are familiar and have built up a relationship. From an evolutionary point of view, this is not surprising considering that human beings are fundamentally social organisms. Considering that endogenous opioids mediate hedonic responses to a variety of natural rewards, the common A118G polymorphism in the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) might also modulate individual differences in the capacity to experience social reward.AimsIn the present study, we hypothesized that, compared to individuals with the A118A genotype, individuals expressing the minor 118G allele had an increased need for affiliation and an increased capacity to experience social reward.MethodsIn a mixed sample (N = 214) of adult healthy volunteers and psychiatric patients, we analyzed the association between the A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 and two different psychological constructs reflecting individual differences in the capacity to experience social reward.ResultsCompared to individuals expressing only the major allele (A) of the A118G polymorphism, subjects expressing the minor allele (G) had an increased tendency to become engaged in affectionate relationships, as indicated by lower scores on a self-report measure of avoidant attachment, and experienced more pleasure in social situations, as indicated by lower scores on a self-report measure of social anhedonia.ConclusionsThe results reported here are in agreement with the brain opioid hypothesis of social attachment and raise several questions about the maintenance of the A118G polymorphism in the evolution of human social behavior.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Hahn, Patrick Daniel. "Social control of polymorphism in Zootermopsis". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185916.

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The sex-specific effects of reproductives and of soldiers on the reproductivity (i.e., tendency to develop into replacement reproductives) of pseudergates of Zootermopsis nevadensis were studied. Reproductives inhibit reproductivity in pseudergates of their own sex only. Reproductives neither inhibit nor stimulate reproductivity in pseudergates of the opposite sex. Reproductives do not require the presence of a reproductive of the opposite sex to stimulate them to inhibit reproductivity in pseudergates. Soldiers had no effect on the reproductivity of pseudergates. The effects of group size and of the presence or absence of reproductives on the development of last-stage nymphs of Z. nevadensis were studied. The size of experimental groups had no effect on the rates of stationary molts or alate molts, suggesting that the correlation between colony size and the onset of alate production in nature may be spurious. The presence or absence of reproductives had no effect on the rate of stationary molts or alate molts, suggesting that in Z. nevadensis neither group size nor the presence of reproductives has any direct effect on alate determination. It is suggested that in Z. nevadensis a form of nutritional castration can delay the onset of alate development; that is to say, that the onset of alate development is determined by the ratio of nutrient-gathering castes to nutrient-receiving castes in the colony. I have found what I believe to be an extraordinary example of deception in Z. nevadensis and Zootermopsis angusticollis. This is the first reported example of caste mimicry in a social insect, and may explain why supernumerary replacement reproductives are common in Z. nevadensis and Z. angusticollis but not in Zootermopsis laticeps. The compositions of 41 field-collected colonies of Zootermopsis were given and the data were analyzed for trends. Most notably, supernumerary replacement reproductives were common in Z. nevadensis and in Z. angusticollis but have never been found in Z. laticeps, by us or by anybody else. These findings are in accordance with our hypothesis of "caste mimicry" in Z. nevadensis and Z. angusticollis.

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Davison, Paul James. "Social polymorphism and social behaviour in sweat bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61422/.

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I use field observations, experiments and molecular techniques to describe the social biology of the sweat bee Lasioglossum calceatum, and to investigate the mechanisms underlying social polymorphism and body size in this species. I also investigate environmental constraints on sociality, and the impact that workers have on productivity, in the obligate social species L. malachurum. Chapter 1 introduces sweat bees as a study system, and reviews social behaviour within the group. I then provide concise introductions to the study species. In Chapter 2 I show that L. calceatum exhibits latitudinal social polymorphism in the UK, with only bees in the south expressing primitive eusociality. I then describe the social life cycle from continuous field observations, with reference to genetic data. In Chapter 3 in I examine environmental and genetic components of social phenotype in L. calceatum by conducting a field transplant of bees from the north of the UK to the south. Social phenotype is likely to be predominantly determined by fixed genetic differences between social and solitary populations. Chapter 4 examines whether the transition between social and solitary nesting results in saw-tooth size clines in L. calceatum and Halictus rubicundus. Overall, both species exhibit converse-Bergmann clines but not saw-tooth clines. In Chapter 5 I transplant the obligate social sweat bee L. malachurum to the north of the UK, to test whether sociality is constrained by season length. Phenology was considerably delayed such that the life cycle could not be completed. In Chapter 6 I investigate queen quality, productivity and costs of worker production in L. malachurum, by manipulating the number of workers per nest. I show that queens probably incurs costs from producing more workers, and that a possible mechanism is that workers from larger groups may be of lower quality. In Chapter 7 I bring together key findings of the thesis, and comment on future directions.

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Taupenot, Antoine. "Implication de supergènes dans l'expression de traits complexes chez la fourmi socialement et morphologiquement polymorphe Myrmecina graminicola". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS201.pdf.

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Les supergènes, des régions génétiques où des loci coadaptés sont transmis comme une seule unité mendélienne, jouent un rôle crucial dans la mise en place des polymorphismes complexes mais démêler la complexité de leur évolution et de leur maintien reste un défi de taille. Les fourmis offrent un contexte unique pour mettre en évidence de nouveau supergènes et étudier les principes généraux régissant leur mise en place et leur évolution puisqu'elles présentent de grandes variations inter et intra-espèces dans tous les aspects de leur organisation sociale et qu'un nombre inhabituellement élevé de supergènes a déjà été mis en évidence dans différentes espèces. Notamment, dans cinq lignées différentes un supergène en lien avec l'organisation sociale des colonies, c'est-à-dire le nombre de reines accouplées par colonie, a été mis en évidence. Cependant, son origine et son maintien restent à élucider clairement et de nouveaux modèles sont nécessaires. L'espèce de fourmi Myrmecina graminicola suscite un intérêt particulier pour l'étude des supergènes chez les insectes sociaux puisqu'elle présente à la fois un polymorphisme social (présence de colonies monogynes et de colonies polygynes) et un polymorphisme alaire (présences de reines ailées et de reines aptères).Dans cette thèse, nous avons exploré la présence de supergènes chez M. graminicola, en lien notamment avec ces deux polymorphismes. Dans le premier chapitre, à l'aide de données de reséquençage, nous avons mis en évidence la présence d'un supergène lié au polymorphisme social (~10 Mb) daté de ~1 Ma en déséquilibre de liaison avec un supergène lié au polymorphisme alaire (~110 kb) apparu plus récemment (~ 0,4 Ma). Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous avons étudié les liens entre les traits d'histoire de vie des deux principaux types de colonies retrouvés dans cette espèce, à savoir les colonies monogynes avec des reines ailées et les colonies polygynes avec des reines aptères. Nous avons montré que ces deux types de colonies ne différaient pas quant au nombre d'ouvrières et de larves au moment de l'échantillonnage. Une fois élevées en laboratoire, nous avons observé que ces deux types de colonies produisaient un nombre similaire de nymphes et d'adultes mais que les colonies polygynes produisaient plus d'œufs et de nouvelles larves que les colonies monogynes. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous avons exploré la possibilité qu'il existe dans cette espèce d'autres supergènes non liés directement à la socialité ou à la présence/absence d'ailes. Nous avons identifié un troisième supergène (~7 Mb) et démontré qu'il n'était pas associé au sex ratio des colonies. Dans l'ensemble, cette thèse révèle la présence de trois supergènes chez la fourmi M. graminicola, dont un lié au polymorphisme social, un autre au polymorphisme alaire, et propose des pistes sur les mécanismes contribuant au maintien de ces polymorphismes
Supergenes, genetic regions where coadapted loci are inherited as a single Mendelian unit, play a crucial role in establishing complex polymorphisms. However, unraveling the complexity of their evolution and maintenance remains a significant challenge. Ants offer a unique context to identify new supergenes and study the general principles governing their establishment and evolution due to their extensive inter- and intra-species variations in all aspects of social organization. Notably, in five different lineages, a supergene related to colony social organization, specifically the number of mated queens per colony, has been identified. However, its origin and maintenance remain to be clearly elucidated, and new models are needed. The ant species Myrmecina graminicola is of particular interest for studying supergenes in social insects as it exhibits both social polymorphism (presence of monogynous and polygynous colonies) and wing polymorphism (presence of winged and apterous queens).In this thesis, we explored the presence of supergenes in M. graminicola, particularly in relation to these two polymorphisms. In the first chapter, using resequencing data, we identified a supergene associated with social polymorphism (~10 Mb) dating back to ~1 Mya, in linkage disequilibrium with a supergene linked to wing polymorphism (~110 kb) that appeared more recently (~0.4 Mya). In the second chapter, we examined the life history traits of the two main types of colonies found in this species, namely monogynous colonies with winged queens and polygynous colonies with apterous queens. We showed that these two colony types did not differ in the number of workers and larvae at the time of sampling. When reared in the laboratory, we observed that both types of colonies produced a similar number of nymphs and adults but that polygynous colonies produced more eggs and new larvae than monogynous colonies. In the third chapter, we explored the possibility of other supergenes in this species not directly linked to sociality or wing presence/absence. I identified a third supergene (~7 Mb) and demonstrated that it was not associated with colony sex ratio. Overall, this thesis reveals the presence of three supergenes in the ant M. graminicola, one linked to social polymorphism, another to wing polymorphism, and provides insights into the mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of these polymorphisms

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Huang, Ming Hua. "Extreme Worker Polymorphism in the Big-headed Pheidole Ants". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/247257.

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Polymorphism is the existence of multiple phenotypes within a given species in a population. In social insects, worker polymorphism plays a key role in maximizing the effectiveness of the division of labor. Some ants have an extreme form of worker polymorphism where workers have a broad size range and multiple size modes. Pheidole ants, for example, consist of both highly polymorphic species as well as those with relatively low polymorphism. Here, we examined why different Pheidole species have different degrees of polymorphism and how polymorphism is produced. We thoroughly characterized the worker caste systems of P. spadonia, P. rhea, P. obtusospinosa, and P. tepicana. There were significant differences among the four species in size range, number of size modes, caste ratios, allometry, and caste biomass allocation. An examination of worker caste traits of P. spadonia, P. rhea, and P. obtusospinosa revealed that as head size increased for all three species: (1) mandibles became broader and less serrated, (2) head muscle volume increased, and (3) bite force increased. These traits of large supersoldiers are likely adapted for crushing while those of small minors are likely for cutting. Foraging experiments showed that P. spadonia, P. rhea, and P. obtusospinosa used their workforce in different ways for food processing outside the nest. For P. rhea, the frequency of supersoldiers involved in food processing increased as the processing level required increased. However, P. obtusospinosa supersoldiers were rarely found processing food outside the nest and P. spadonia soldiers assisted in processing dead prey but did not help at all in processing live prey. P. obtusospinosa and P. spadonia workers may be more involved with other colony tasks. This hypothesis was confirmed when field observations of P. obtusospinosa showed supersoldiers participating in head-blocking at their entrance to fend off invading army ants; no other castes exhibited this behavior. Lastly, we tested genetic influences on worker polymorphism. We found that as colony genetic diversity increased (via polyandry), the degree of polymorphism increased. We also showed evidence of paternal genes influences on the development of worker castes in the highly polymorphic P. rhea.

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Philippe, Anne-Sophie. "Etude de la variation génétique et de la plasticité des comportements sociaux chez la drosophile". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112089/document.

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La variation des comportements sociaux est une problématique très importante pour appréhender l’évolution de la socialité dans le règne animal. Par l’étude des interactions entre les paramètres génétiques et environnementaux sur les comportements sociaux de la drosophile (Drosophila melanogaster), cette thèse s’inscrit dans cette problématique et cherche à mettre en évidence les paramètres déterminants pour la expliquer la variation des comportements sociaux des individus. Au cours de ce travail de recherche, on a pu étudier et mettre en évidence l’existence de comportements sociaux chez la drosophile tels que l’apprentissage et l’utilisation des informations sociales dans un contexte de recherche spatiale, le comportement d’agrégation et l’établissement de nombreuses interactions. Ces comportements sont les premiers pas vers plus de socialité et leur étude est indispensable pour comprendre l’évolution vers plus de coopération et de communication entre les individus. L’utilisation de deux lignées issues du polymorphisme génétique du gène foraging (phénotypes Rover et Sitter) a permis de mettre en évidence des différences de comportements entre les individus et d’étudier les interactions entre paramètres génétiques et environnementaux. Les individus de phénotype Sitter témoignent d’un comportement plus social que les individus Rover, utilisant préférentiellement l’information sociale, ils forment aussi des agrégats plus importants semblant attirés par le plus grand nombre. On note aussi que la variation de la composition génétique du groupe entraine une modification du comportement d’agrégation du groupe. Ainsi, les variations interindividuelles influencent le comportement collectif. Le dernier volet de cette thèse s’intéresse aux interactions entre les individus au sein de 12 populations différentes de l’espèce Drosophila melanogaster. Cette approche a permis de révéler une grande variation de l’organisation sociale des individus au sein d’une même espèce et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour étudier l’évolution de la socialité.Ce travail de recherche permet d’apporter de nouveaux éléments sur les facteurs influençant la variation des comportements sociaux et de mettre en avant de nouvelles perspectives pour l’étude de leur évolution
The social behavior variation is a very important issue for understanding evolution of sociality in animal kingdom. By studying genetic and environmental interactions influence on social behavior in Drosophila melanogaster, this thesis fits with this problematic and focus on the parameters which could explain the social behavior variations. In this research work, we studied and highlighted the existence of social behavior in Drosophila like learning and using social information in a spatial learning task, aggregation behavior and numerous social interactions. These behaviors are the first step before more sociality and their study with no-social species is essential to understand the evolution toward more sociality. The use of two lines from genetic polymorphism of the foraging gene (Rover and Sitter phenotypes) reveals differences in behavior between individuals and enable us to study the influence of genetic and environment parameters. Sitter individuals show more social behavior than Rover ones, using more social information and adopting more aggregation behavior. Variation of the genetic composition of the group influence the aggregation level of Rover individuals. They show more gregarious behavior with majority of Sitter individuals. These observations raise the question of the effects of the information source variations on the social behavior and their implication in interactions variations. The last part of this thesis focuses on the interactions between individuals in 12 different populations of Drosophila melanogaster. This approach revealed an important variation in social organization within species and opens new perspectives to study the evolution of sociality.This research bring new elements on factors influencing the change in social behavior and highlight new perspectives for the study of their evolution

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Kamhi, J. Frances, Wulfila Gronenberg, Simon K. A. Robson e James F. A. Traniello. "Social complexity influences brain investment and neural operation costs in ants". ROYAL SOC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621590.

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The metabolic expense of producing and operating neural tissue required for adaptive behaviour is considered a significant selective force in brain evolution. In primates, brain size correlates positively with group size, presumably owing to the greater cognitive demands of complex social relationships in large societies. Social complexity in eusocial insects is also associated with large groups, as well as collective intelligence and division of labour among sterile workers. However, superorganism phenotypes may lower cognitive demands on behaviourally specialized workers resulting in selection for decreased brain size and/or energetic costs of brain metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we compared brain investment patterns and cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity, a proxy for ATP usage, in two ant species contrasting in social organization. Socially complex Oecophylla smaragdina workers had larger brain size and relative investment in the mushroom bodies (MBs)-higher order sensory processing compartments-than the more socially basic Formica subsericea workers. Oecophylla smaragdina workers, however, had reduced COX activity in the MBs. Our results suggest that as in primates, ant group size is associated with large brain size. The elevated costs of investment in metabolically expensive brain tissue in the socially complex O. smaragdina, however, appear to be offset by decreased energetic costs.

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Faria, Vanda. "Mind really does matter : The Neurobiology of Placebo-induced Anxiety Relief in Social Anxiety Disorder". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-181548.

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The placebo effect, a beneficial effect attributable to a treatment containing no specific properties for the condition being treated, has been demonstrated in a variety of medical conditions. This thesis includes four studies aimed at increasing our knowledge on the neurobiology of placebo. Study I, a review of the placebo neuroimaging literature, suggested that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) may be a common site of action for placebo responses. However, because placebo neuroimaging studies in clinical disorders are largely lacking, the clinical relevance of this needs further clarification. The subsequent three empirical studies were thus designed from a clinical perspective. Using positron emission tomography (PET) these studies investigated the underlying neurobiology of sustained placebo responses in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD), a disabling psychiatric condition that nonetheless may be mitigated by placebo interventions. Study II demonstrated that serotonergic gene polymorphisms affect anxiety-induced neural activity and the resultant placebo phenotype. In particular, anxiety reduction resulting from placebo treatment was tied to the attenuating effects of the TPH2 G-703T polymorphism on amygdala activity. Study III further compared the neural response profile of placebo with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), i.e the first-line pharmacological treatment for SAD. A similar anxiety reduction was noted in responders of both treatments. PET-data further revealed that placebo and SSRI responders had similar decreases of the neural response in amygdala subregions including the left basomedial/basolateral (BM/BLA) and the right ventrolateral (VLA) sections. To clarify whether successful placebo and SSRI treatments operate via similar or distinct neuromodulatory pathways, study IV focused on the connectivity patterns between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex that may be crucial for normal emotion regulation. In responders of both treatment modalities, the left amygdala (BM/BLA) exhibited negative coupling with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the rostral ACC as well as a shared positive coupling with the dorsal ACC. This may represent shared treatment mechanisms involving improved emotion regulation and decreased rumination. This thesis constitutes a first step towards better understanding of the neurobiology of placebo in the treatment of anxiety, including the neural mechanisms that unite and segregate placebo and SSRI treatment.

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Trakadis, John. "The vervet regulator of G protein signaling 4 (RGS4) gene, a candidate gene for quantifiable behavioral dimensions associated with psychopathology : sequence, bioinformatic analysis, and association study of a novel polymorphism with social isolation". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84101.

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Regulators of G-protein coupled signaling (RGS) accelerate GTP hydrolysis and consequently influence signal termination. The RGS-4 gene has recently been reported to be implicated in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and addictions.
In this study, the vervet RGS-4 gene was sequenced on a CEQ 8000 genetic analysis system (Beckman Coulter) and characterized using molecular and bioinformatic tools. The obtained vervet sequence overall showed 95.3% sequence identity with the human RGS4 gene.
Thereafter, SNPs in the region encompassing the proximal promoter, exon 1 and the first 450 bp of intron 1 were identified by direct sequencing of 8 unrelated individuals. One of the identified SNPs, +35 [A/G], was genotyped in 155 juvenile vervets previously phenotyped for personality traits, including social isolation. Although preliminary association analysis fails to attain statistical significance (p=0.074), the sample size is small. Additional genotyping of phenotypically defined individuals needs to be undertaken.

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Macario, Alessandro. "Ontogenetic environments and female mate choice in guppies, Poecilia reticulata". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14288.

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Theoretical models of sexual selection assume that female mating preferences are fixed and variation found between individuals resulting solely from allelic variation at specific loci coding for sexual preferences. For the last decade, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that individual phenotypic variation in preferences was common across a wide range of taxa and induced by the environmental context and the females’ condition. Further, developmental stages of life are crucial in the formation of behaviours in general and have proven to be determinant to learn sexual preferences in some species that dispense care for their young. However, very little studies have analysed how the early social and physical environments shape female mate choice in species that lack parental care. In this thesis, I used guppies (Poecilia reticulata), firstly, to investigate the influence of various aspects of the social environment provided by males during two ontogenetic phases. Secondly, I explored whether learned preferences in a foraging context during development could be transferred into a mating context. Considering the early social environment, I explored three distinctive features potentially displayed by males and that females might experience while growing. Females were reared with different values of a sexual trait not genetically preferred in the population (orange colour) and different values of a trait for which they had innate predisposition (total colour area). In both cases, females were exposed to the different treatments for the whole developmental period or for its later phase. My results indicated that females changed their sexual behaviours in response to both type of traits experienced, reversing sometimes their genetic preferences. Moreover, the timing of exposure seemed to be a key factor in the acquisition of preferences as females exposed only to the later part of development with different values of total colour didn’t rely anymore on colour patterns to discriminate among males. In a third body of experiment, I examined whether the overall phenotypic variance exhibited by males during whole development, independently of the values of a specific sexual cue, mediated female’s behaviours. In a context of high variance, female became choosier relatively to those experiencing less variance. As a response, males switched mating tactics and attempted more forced copulations. In its final part, my thesis searched for a link that might have arisen, owing to developmental conditions, between preferences using the same sensory modality in two behavioural contexts. Maturing females were given food that was associated to a certain colour and subsequently tested for both their coloured preference in a foraging and a sexual context. Although no foraging preference for the corresponding colour was detected, females that experienced a yellow stimulus preferred yellower males compared to females with other experiences. Taken together these results suggest that developmental conditions and especially the social environment play a pivotal role in the process of mate choice. Under some circumstances, learned mate preferences override genetically-based preferences highlighting the importance of non-genetic mechanisms. Accordingly, it is urgent to integrate in the study of sexual selection and reproductive isolation this dimension. In guppies, for instance, the effect of early social life might contribute to the maintenance of colour pattern polymorphism found in males.

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Teboul, Annabelle. "Le polymorphisme du héros réaliste-naturaliste chez Balzac, Flaubert, Maupassant et Zola ou le parcours initiatique d'un être oxymorique". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935884.

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Ce travail de thèse interroge la représentation du héros au sein des mouvements réaliste et naturaliste du XIXe siècle. Il s'agit, au travers d'un corpus de six romans et nouvelles, de mettre en lumière la tension inhérente à la figure héroïque chez Honoré de Balzac, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant et Émile Zola. Malgré un refus apparent du modèle classique antique qui se signe par une banalisation du personnage principal, les romanciers réalistes-naturalistes n'échappent finalement pas à la tentation héroïque; en proposant un parcours initiatique et des formes originales de sacralisation, ils fabriquent un nouveau type de héros, à la fois plus proche des préoccupations de la société de l'époque et traversé par des représentations mythiques, éternelles (qu'elles soient issues du domaine mythologique, biblique, littéraire, psychanalytique ou religieux). La dialectique entre temporalité sociétale et permanence du légendaire se donne alors à lire. Cette thèse de doctorat cherche donc à démontrer l'exécution immuable d'une symphonie héroïque au sein de la poétique réaliste et naturaliste tout en rappelant la nature spécifique du héros chez chaque auteur étudié.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Kiaris, Hippokratis. Genes, polymorphisms, and the making of societies: How genetic behavioral traits influence human cultures. Boca Raton: Universal-Publishers, 2012.

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Bhasin, M. K. People of India: An investigation of biological variability in ecological, ethno-economic, and linguistic groups. Delhi, India: Kamla-Raj Enterprises, 1994.

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Gephart, Werner; Witte, a cura di. The Sacred and the Law: The Durkheimian Legacy. Klostermann, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783465142942.

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There is little doubt about the importance of Emile Durkheim’s work and the influence it had on the social sciences. His insights into the realms of normativity in particular remain an inspiring mine of information for theoretical reflection and empirical analyses. While his strengths, as we know nowadays, might not have always laid in systematic arguments, his main concerns have shaped the development of social thought in fundamental ways: the question of changing social bonds and the problem of integration; belief and unbelief in societal values; acceptance and rejection of the law, obligation and rights; inner tensions of normative orders; the problem of aligning the polymorphism of normativities with the polymorphic structures of society – and, hence, the project of normative and social pluralism. The Sacred occupies an important dual position in this context: marking an autonomous sphere of the Holy, endangered and upstaged by processes of modernization, and at the same time a fundamental trait of sociality, culture and normativity in general, thus providing the basis even still for modern, ‘secularized’ forms of collective beliefs. The current volume is comprised of contributions from a variety of disciplinary perspectives dealing with a wide range of topics in the realm of normativity in order to recall these important issues and demonstrate the influence and moment of Durkheim’s thinking on matters of the Sacred and the law.

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Burton, Derek, e Margaret Burton. Special adaptations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785552.003.0013.

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Within the considerable diversity of fish there are less-usual attributes of some species which facilitate survival in particular habitats or in response to selective pressures. The intense competition in warm, shallow water results in polymorphism in colour and size and complex social structure in some reef-fish and in different dentitions in cichlids with trophic specializations. Fish in the light-less deep sea are typically dark with large eyes and mouth; often they possess light-emitting photophores. In contrast, dark-dwelling cavefish lack melanin pigmentation, are usually pink, lack photophores and generally have poor eyesight. Adaptations to other limited habitats such as desert springs or temporary pools and water margins favour small fast-growing fish and air-breathing fish adapted to terrestrial habitats. The range of special adaptations is considerable, including burrowing fish, sound-producing fish, electric fish and even ‘flying’ fish. While parasitic fish are rare, special symbiotic relationships occur, as does hermaphroditism.

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Westberg, Lars, e Hasse Walum. Oxytocin and Vasopressin Gene Variation and the Neural Basis of Social Behaviors. A cura di Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.011.

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Experimental studies in rodents and humans show that the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin are important regulators of behaviors related to social interactions. Evidence for positive effects of oxytocin treatment on symptoms of psychiatric disorders characterized by impaired social functioning has emerged. Numerous studies report associations between various social behaviors, the risk of autism, and polymorphisms inOXTRandAVPR1A. This chapter provides an overview of these genetic association studies. Although many of the published findings are inconclusive and need replication in independent samples, the chapter concludes that variants ofOXTRandAVPR1Aseem to moderate individual variation in different aspects of social behavior. The challenges for future studies include replication of current findings, identification of the functional variants, and characterization of the neural mechanisms mediating the gene-behavior associations, as well as exploration of the pharmacogenetic potential ofOXTRandAVPR1Ain future clinical trials.

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Kiaris, Hippokratis. Genes, Polymorphisms, and the Making of Societies: A Genetic Perspective of the Divergence Between East and West. Universal Publishers, 2021.

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Troisi, Alfonso. Detachment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199393404.003.0003.

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Most of us find social encounters rewarding, especially when we encounter those with whom we are familiar and have built up a relationship. From an evolutionary point of view, this is not surprising; human beings are fundamentally social organisms, and human development and functioning occur within a social context. The origin of individual differences in the capacity to experience social reward is likely to involve a complex interplay of genetic and environmental variables, including genetic variation, early experience and current situational factors. A few individuals seem to lie at the lower extreme of this continuum, experiencing little or no positive feelings during affiliative interactions. This chapter deals with the psychological and behavioral traits that characterize these uncommon individuals and reviews the mechanisms likely to cause their emotional detachment. The chapter then discusses the importance of aversive early experience in promoting an avoidant style of adult attachment and the role of the brain opioid system and genetic polymorphisms in mediating diminished hedonic response to affiliative interactions.

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Fabbri, Chiara, e Alessandro Serretti. The treatment of bipolar disorder in the era of personalized medicine: myth or promise? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748625.003.0031.

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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic disease associated with high personal and socio-economic burden. Genetics accounts for 20–95% of variability in central nervous system drug disposition and pharmacodynamics, thus genetic markers are considered a promising way to develop tailored treatments and improve the prognosis of the disease. Among mood stabilizers, lithium response was the most investigated phenotype and the most replicated genes are involved in synaptic plasticity (BDNF), serotonergic (SLC6A4) and dopaminergic (DRD1) neurotransmission, and second messenger cascades (GSK3B). Relevant pharmacogenetic findings regarding other mood stabilizers are hyperammonaemia (CPS1 gene) and hepatic dysfunction (POLG gene) induced by valproate and immune-mediated cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions (HLA-B*1502) induced by lamotrigine or carbamazepine. Polymorphisms in cytochrome (CYP) P450 genes are expected to provide useful information particularly in case of polypharmacy. Despite few pharmacogenetic tests are currently recommended, the development of pharmacogenetics in other fields of medicine provides an encouraging perspective.

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Phillips, Lynne. Genders, Spaces, Places. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.193.

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The concepts of gender, space, and place have significant social and political implications for the kind of world that people inhabit and the kinds of lives we can lead. That there has been a transformation in thinking about these concepts is indicated in references today to pluralized (and polymorphic) spaces, to the waxing, and waning of distinctions between space and place, and to the idea that gender, space, and place are something produced rather than simply lived in, or ventured into. These subtle shifts hint at a complex history of ideas about what constitutes gender, space, and/or place and how we might understand the connections and disjunctures between and among them. The theoretical roots of space act as the starting point for discussion, since these have a longer historical record than work which also explicitly includes gender. Western conceptions of space have drawn primarily from early Greek philosophers and mathematicians, and these conceptions indicate an early distinction between a philosophy of space and a pre-scientific notion of space. From here, the development of feminist methods has become essential for revealing how spatial thinking informs ideas about gender. These methods include deconstructing canons, asking the profoundly spatial question of “Where are the women?” and “ungendering” space. These methodological strategies reveal the extent to which the central concerns of feminism today have spatial and place-based dimensions.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Molet, Mathieu. "Worker Polymorphism". In Encyclopedia of Social Insects, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_138-1.

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Molet, Mathieu. "Worker Polymorphism: Ants". In Encyclopedia of Social Insects, 1047–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28102-1_138.

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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Infection and colony variability in social insects". In Infection, Polymorphism and Evolution, 43–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0077-6_5.

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Barany, Ernest. "Bifurcation as the Source of Polymorphism". In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 29–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03473-7_3.

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Shia, J. S. K., Cannilia Kerine, K. L. Teh, M. Z. Salleh, S. N. Hussin, I. N. Ismail e N. J. Abdul Wahab. "Genotyping the Exon 10 of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor: Discovery of New Single Nucleotide Polymorphism". In Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014), 541–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0534-3_54.

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Hussin, Siti Nooraishah, e John Kwong Siew Shia. "Screening of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) Gene Polymorphism Using Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (ASPCR) Method". In Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2016), 679–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0074-5_65.

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Roshani, O., M. Z. Mohd Syahril e R. Mohd Hafiz. "Genetic Polymorphisms of Unicellular Green Algae Strains Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA". In Proceedings of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (ICSTSS) 2012, 635–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-077-3_75.

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da Silva, Marjorie, Sidnei Mateus e Fernando Barbosa Noll. "Castes and Polymorphisms in Neotropical Social Wasps". In Neotropical Social Wasps, 99–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53510-0_6.

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Nakata, Junya, Razvan Beuran, Takashi Okada, Ken-ichi Chinen, Yasuo Tan e Yoichi Shinoda. "Polymorphic Ubiquitous Network Testbed RUBIQ". In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 570–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17851-1_44.

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Wang, Minghua, Purui Su, Qi Li, Lingyun Ying, Yi Yang e Dengguo Feng. "Automatic Polymorphic Exploit Generation for Software Vulnerabilities". In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 216–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04283-1_14.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Соловьева, А. Д., Н. В. Бардуков e В. Р. Харзинова. "MITOCHONDRIAL DNA POLYMORPHISM IN DOMESTIC AND WILD REINDEER". In Биотехнология в растениеводстве, животноводстве и сельскохозяйственной микробиологии, 33–34. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48397/arriab.2021.21.xxi.014.

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Северный олень (Rangifer tarandus) имеет важнейшее экономическое, социальное, культурное и экологическое значение для коренных малочисленных народов. Олени являются источником мяса, шкур, а иногда и молока, и их используют в качестве транспортных средств. The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) is of major economic, social, cultural and environmental importance to indigenous peoples. Reindeer are a source of meat, skins, and sometimes milk, and are used as vehicles.

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Mohd Nazif Samat Darawi, Chin Ai-Vyrn, Soraya Kunanayagam, Philip Poi Jun Hua, Habibah Hashim, Mustafar Kamal Hamzah e Abu Bakar Abdul Majeed. "Allele specific polymerase chain reaction for detection of the genetic polymorphism of NMDA receptor". In 2010 International Conference on Science and Social Research (CSSR). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cssr.2010.5773888.

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Firdausi, Annisa, Rini Puspitaningrum, Chris Adhiyanto, Nurmasari Sartono e Afifah izzati Afifah izzati. "Identification of Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) Gene Polymorphism in Students of Elementary School in Kalideres, Jakarta". In 1st International Integrative Conference on Health, Life and Social Sciences (ICHLaS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichlas-17.2017.17.

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Astaf'eva, E. A., T. A. Tolochko e A. A. Timofeeva. "THE EFFECT OF POLYMORPHISM OF THE MTHFR C677T GENE ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF LYMPHOCYTES DURING DRUG INTOXICATION". In I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-8.

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The prevalence of opioid dependence among the able-bodied population is an important medical and social problem. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a key role in the metabolism of narcotic drugs. A decrease in the enzyme activity in polymorphic variants of the gene encoding it is associated with a decrease in the immunity of opioid addiction patients.

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Syarifah, Siti, Dita Hasni, Tri Widyawati e Dwi Rita Anggraini. "The Association of G2677T Polymorphism in MDR1 Gene with Neutropenia Incidence in Breast Cancer Patients Treated by Doxorubicin based Chemotherapy". In 3rd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Agriculture, Social Science, Health Science, Engineering and Technology. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010044204280431.

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Rahayu, Dwi, Ratih D. Yudhani, Ratna Kusumawati e Dono Indarto. "Iron Deficiency is The Main Cause of Anemia in Female Students of Secondary Schools in Sukoharjo Regency with No Polymorphism of Transferrin Receptor 1". In 1st International Integrative Conference on Health, Life and Social Sciences (ICHLaS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichlas-17.2017.41.

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Ramadhan, Moch Rizki, Chris Adhiyanto e Zeti Harriyati. "Identification of Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) Gene Polymorphism and Its Association with Anemia in Medical Study Programs and Doctor Profession 2012-2014 Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University". In 1st International Integrative Conference on Health, Life and Social Sciences (ICHLaS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichlas-17.2017.19.

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Fathimah, Nurul, Chris Adhiyanto e Hari Hendarto. "The Description of Polymorphism of CYP1A1*2A rs4646903 (TgC) Gene as Colorectal Cancer Risk Factor In Medical Study Programs and Doctor Profession 2012-2014 UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta". In 1st International Integrative Conference on Health, Life and Social Sciences (ICHLaS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichlas-17.2017.21.

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Savostyanov, Alexander, Sergey Lashin, Alexandra Klimenko, Sergey Tamozhnikov, Nataliya Milakhina, Andrey Bocharov, Vadim Efimov et al. "ROLE OF THE ALLELIC POLYMORPHISM OF THE BRAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS SYSTEMS IN A FORMATION OF PERSONALITY FEATURES OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN PEOPLE, LIVING IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF SIBERIA AND MONGOLIA". In XVII INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS NEUROSCIENCE FOR MEDICINE AND PSYCHOLOGY. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2305.sudak.ns2021-17/328-329.

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Киреева, Виктория, Viktoriya Kireeva, Г. Лифшиц, G. Lifshic, Н. Кох, N. Koh, Ю. Усольцев, Yu Usolcev, Константин Апарцин e Konstantin Apartsin. "Advantages of a personalized approach to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the staff of the INC Of the SBRAS". In Topical issues of translational medicine: a collection of articles dedicated to the 5th anniversary of the day The creation of a department for biomedical research and technology of the Irkutsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of RAS. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_58be81ec9ed47.

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Purpose of the study. To test the functional associations of polymorphic variants of genes in the regulation of blood pressure and vascular tone in employees of the ISC SB RAS. Materials and methods. The study involved patients, employees of the ISC SB RAS, being under care of the outpatient clinic of the Hospital of the ISC SB RAS. During routine laboratory testing the patients were taken 2 ml of blood for genetic analysis and further molecular genetic study on “Hypertension”, “Endothelial dysfunction”, “Pharmacogenetics”, “Inflammatory response” panels. Results. In the analysis of 12 genes coding for key proteins of hormonal enzyme blood pressure regulation systems, polymorphism of CYP11B2 showed statistically significant correlation with the presence of arterial hypertension, which makes its further study promising. The presence of allele C showed protective significance in relation to the development of hypertension with OR = 0,247. When checking associations of functional polymorphic variants of genes, the products of which are involved in the regulation of vascular tone, with hypertension in patients younger than 50 years old we found association of T/T rs5443GNB3 genotype with the debut of hypertensive disease under the age of 50. The data obtained allow the doctor to choose the most personalized and effective safe drug from certain groups, as well as its dose for employees having passed molecular genetic testing. These data can reveal predisposition to the most widespread and socially significant diseases in the surveyed subjects and provide specific personalized recommendations for the prevention of these diseases.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Social polymorphism"

Zhao, Zepeng, Fengyuan Zhang e Yijin Li. The Relationship Between Il-1 RN intron 2 (VNTR) rs2234663 Gene Polymorphism and The Progression of Periodontitis: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, marzo 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0100.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies is to find out the association of IL-1 RN intron 2 (VNTR) rs2234663 Gene Polymorphism and the occurrence and progression of periodontitis(including chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis and early-onset periodontitis). Condition being studied: Periodontitis is one of the most common ailments affecting the teeth, leading to the destruction of the supporting and surrounding tooth structure. Periodontitis is originally a disease originating from the gingival tissue which if left untreated results in penetration of inflammation to the deeper tissues, altering the bone homeostasis causing tooth loss. Periodontal disease has a multifactorial origin. The main culprit identified in periodontitis is the bacterial biofilm growing on the tooth surfaces. The deleterious effects of periodontopathogens are not limited to the periodontium, but they also exude their ill effects on the systemic health of the patients. While the host response determines the progression of the disease, genetics, environmental factors, systemic health of the patient, lifestyle habits and various social determinants also play a role. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist encoded by this gene IL-1RN is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This protein inhibits the activities of interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A) and interleukin 1, beta (IL1B), and modulates a variety of interleukin 1 related immune and inflammatory responses, particularly in the acute phase of infection and inflammation. We aim to study their association by conducting a meta-analysis.

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