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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Sleep timing"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 31 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Sleep timing"

Yan, Li-Ming, Hai-Jun Li, Qi Fan, Yi-Dong Xue e Tao Wang. "Chronobiological perspectives: Association between meal timing and sleep quality". PLOS ONE 19, n. 8 (1 agosto 2024): e0308172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308172.

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Background Meal timing has been associated with metabolism and cardiovascular diseases; however, the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality remains inconclusive. Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality from a chronobiological perspective. Methods This study utilized data from the NHANES for the years 2005–2008, including a cohort of 7,023 participants after applying exclusion criteria. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Meal timing was analyzed based on two 24-hour dietary recalls from each individual, considering the timing of the initial and final meals, meal duration, and frequency of meal occasions. Multiple linear regression models and hierarchical analyses were employed to examine the relationship between meal timing and PSQI scores, adjusting for various demographic and habitat covariates. Results Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between delayed meal timings, increased meal occasions, and elevated PSQI scores, indicating that later meal timing are intricately linked with diminished sleep quality. Both later meal timings and more frequent meal occasions were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality. Compared to the first tertile, the β (95%CI) values of the third tertile were 0.545 (0.226, 0.864) for first meal timing, 0.586 (0.277, 0.896) for midpoint meal timing, 0.385 (0.090, 0.680) for last meal timing, and 0.332 (0.021, 0.642) for meal occasions in the adjusted models. Conclusion These findings suggest that late initial, midpoint, and final meal timing, as well as more frequent meal occasions, are chrono-nutrition patterns associated with poor sleep quality.

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Wescott, D. L., K. D. Dickman, P. L. Franzen, B. P. Hasler e K. A. Roecklein. "1091 The Effects Of Sleep Duration, Timing, And Depressed Mood On Daily Eating Patterns". Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (aprile 2020): A415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1086.

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Abstract Introduction Insufficient sleep, circadian misalignment, and altered eating patterns are linked to depression. Despite the temporal association between the sleep/wake and feed/fast cycles, it is unclear how depression severity influences this relationship. Methods Sixty-eight participants ages 18-65 years across the depression continuum wore an Actiwatch for 5-17 nights and reported daily meal times (730 nights total). Multilevel models tested previous night’s sleep timing and duration as predictors of the length of the next day’s eating window. Within-person sleep duration and timing were entered as Level 1 predictors to account for nightly variation in sleep. Between-person sleep duration and timing were entered as Level 2 predictors. A three-way interaction between depression severity and Level 2 sleep duration/timing was entered. Covariates included age, gender, and day (weeknight/weekend). Results Across participants, average later sleep timing predicted a longer eating window (Β= -.222; p =.005). Earlier sleep timing (Β= -.186; p < .001) and shorter sleep duration(Β= -.103; p < .001) relative to a person’s average each predicted a longer next-day eating window. A three-way interaction was found between sleep duration, timing, and depression (Β= -.159; p = .002). At shorter sleep durations, individuals with higher depression severity had a positive relationship between sleep timing and eating window length, and individuals with low depression had a negative relationship between sleep timing and eating window length. Conclusion At shorter sleep durations (< 6.5 hr), individuals with high depression and later sleep timing or low depression and early sleep timing had the longest eating windows, which have been linked to adverse metabolic health. Future experiments should test short sleep duration, sleep timing, and depression as potential causes of lengthened eating windows to determine if targeting sleep duration and timing could improve adverse metabolic markers in depression. Support NIMH K.A.R. MH103303

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Kelly, Rachael M., John H. McDermott e Andrew N. Coogan. "Differences in Sleep Offset Timing between Weekdays and Weekends in 79,161 Adult Participants in the UK Biobank". Clocks & Sleep 4, n. 4 (22 novembre 2022): 658–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep4040050.

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Variability in the timing of daily sleep is increasingly recognized as an important factor in sleep and general physical health. One potential driver of such daily variations in sleep timing is different work and social obligations during the “working week” and weekends. To investigate the nature of weekday/weekend differences in the timing of sleep offset, we examined actigraphy records of 79,161 adult participants in the UK Biobank who wore an actiwatch for 1 week. The time of sleep offset was found to be on average 36 min later on weekends than on weekdays, and when this difference was expressed as an absolute value (i.e., irrespective of sleep offset being either later or earlier on weekends), it was 63 min. Younger age, more socioeconomic disadvantage, currently being in employment, being a smoker, being male, being of non-white ethnicity and later chronotype were associated with greater differences in sleep offset between weekdays and weekend days. Greater differences in sleep offset timing were associated with age-independent small differences in cardiometabolic health indicators of BMI and diastolic blood pressure, but not HbA1c or systolic blood pressure. In a subset of participants with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, weekday/weekend sleep offset differences were associated weakly with BMI, systolic blood pressure and physical activity. Overall, this study demonstrates potentially substantive differences in sleep offset timings between weekdays and weekends in a large sample of UK adults, and that such differences may have public health implications.

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von Gall, Charlotte, Leon Holub, Amira A. H. Ali e Simon Eickhoff. "Timing of Deep and REM Sleep Based on Fitbit Sleep Staging in Young Healthy Adults under Real-Life Conditions". Brain Sciences 14, n. 3 (6 marzo 2024): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14030260.

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Sleep timing is controlled by intrinsic homeostatic and circadian components. The circadian component controls the chronotype, which is defined by the propensity to sleep at a particular clock time. However, sleep timing can be significantly affected by external factors such as the morning alarm clock. In this study, we analysed the timing of deep and REM sleep as well as the composition of REM sleep using Fitbit sleep staging in young healthy adults (n = 59) under real-life conditions. Sleep stage percentiles were correlated with the timing of total sleep in time after sleep onset for the homeostatic component and in clock time for the circadian component. Regarding the circadian component, the phase of total sleep is most strongly associated with the phases of early deep sleep and REM sleep. Furthermore, a stronger phase relationship between deep and REM sleep with total sleep is associated with greater consolidation of REM sleep. Chronotype-dependent sleep loss correlates negatively with the strength of the phase relationship between deep sleep and total sleep. In conclusion, the interaction of the circadian component of sleep timing with the timing of sleep stages is associated with REM sleep quality. In particular, the interaction of the circadian component of sleep timing with deep sleep seems to be more vulnerable to external factors.

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Jeon, Bomin, e Eileen Chasens. "661 Chronotype, Mood, and Diabetes-Related Distress in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes". Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (1 maggio 2021): A258—A259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.659.

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Abstract Introduction Chronotype refers to an individual’s preferred timing of sleep and wakefulness, which can be classified as ‘normal’ or ‘late’ chronotypes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether late sleep timing was associated with impaired mood and diabetes-related distress in persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods The study is a secondary analysis of pooled cross-sectional baseline data from two studies of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (R01-DK96028) and insomnia (K24-NR016685) in persons with T2D. Sleep timing was measured by the bedtime from a 7-day sleep diary. “Normal” sleep timing was defined as bedtime between 9PM to 12AM ≥ 85% per week. “Late” sleep timing as bedtime after 12AM with normal sleep timing < 85% per week. Other sleep variables evaluated were sleep duration, daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]), and OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]). The Profiles of Mood States measured Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) and the subscales of Tension-Anxiety (T-A), Depression-Dejection (D-D), Anger-Hostility (A-H), Vigor-Activity (V-A), Fatigue-Inertia (F-I), and Confusion-Bewilderment (C-B). Diabetes-related distress was measured by the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID). Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to determine whether sleep timing was associated with mood and diabetes-related distress. Results The sample (N=296) had 61% with late sleep timing (n=181). Persons with normal vs late sleep timing were similar in age, sex, race, and education (p >.05). Persons with late sleep timing were less likely to be partnered, had shorter sleep duration and greater mood impairment (TMD and T-A, D-D, A-H, C-B subscales) than those with normal timing (all p values <.05); there was no significant difference by sleep timing in PAID scores (p=.256). Hierarchical regression analyses adjusting for demographics (age, sex, race, marital status, education level), clinical (HbA1c, BMI), and sleep variables (sleep duration, ESS, AHI) revealed that late sleep timing was not significantly associated with impaired mood (TMD and subscales) or PAID. However, ESS was statistically significant in predicting greater TMD (β=.310, p <.001), mood subscales (all p-values <.05) and PAID (β =.222, p <.001). Conclusion Daytime sleepiness, not late sleep timing, is a significant sleep-related symptom for increased mood impairment and diabetes-related distress in persons with T2D. Support (if any):

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Chaput, Jean-Philippe, Caroline Dutil, Ryan Featherstone, Robert Ross, Lora Giangregorio, Travis J. Saunders, Ian Janssen et al. "Sleep timing, sleep consistency, and health in adults: a systematic review". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, n. 10 (Suppl. 2) (ottobre 2020): S232—S247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0032.

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The objective of this systematic review was to examine the associations between sleep timing (e.g., bedtime/wake-up time, midpoint of sleep), sleep consistency/regularity (e.g., intra-individual variability in sleep duration, social jetlag, catch-up sleep), and health outcomes in adults aged 18 years and older. Four electronic databases were searched in December 2018 for articles published in the previous 10 years. Fourteen health outcomes were examined. A total of 41 articles, including 92 340 unique participants from 14 countries, met inclusion criteria. Sleep was assessed objectively in 37% of studies and subjectively in 63% of studies. Findings suggest that later sleep timing and greater sleep variability were generally associated with adverse health outcomes. However, because most studies reported linear associations, it was not possible to identify thresholds for “late sleep timing” or “large sleep variability”. In addition, social jetlag was associated with adverse health outcomes, while weekend catch-up sleep was associated with better health outcomes. The quality of evidence ranged from “very low” to “moderate” across study designs and health outcomes using GRADE. In conclusion, the available evidence supports that earlier sleep timing and regularity in sleep patterns with consistent bedtimes and wake-up times are favourably associated with health. (PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42019119534.) Novelty This is the first systematic review to examine the influence of sleep timing and sleep consistency on health outcomes. Later sleep timing and greater variability in sleep are both associated with adverse health outcomes in adults. Regularity in sleep patterns with consistent bedtimes and wake-up times should be encouraged.

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Duffy, Jeanne F., Jamie M. Zeitzer, David W. Rimmer, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Derk-Jan Dijk e Charles A. Czeisler. "Peak of circadian melatonin rhythm occurs later within the sleep of older subjects". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 282, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2002): E297—E303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00268.2001.

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We investigated the relationship between sleep timing and the timing of the circadian rhythm of plasma melatonin secretion in a group of healthy young and older subjects without sleep complaints. The timing of sleep and the phase of the circadian melatonin rhythm were earlier in the older subjects. The relationship between the plasma melatonin rhythm and the timing of sleep was such that the older subjects were sleeping and waking earlier relative to their nightly melatonin secretory episode. Consequently, the older subjects were waking at a time when they had higher relative melatonin levels, in contrast with younger subjects, whose melatonin levels were relatively lower by wake time. Our findings indicate that aging is associated not only with an advance of sleep timing and the timing of circadian rhythms but also with a change in the internal phase relationship between the sleep-wake cycle and the output of the circadian pacemaker. In healthy older subjects, the relative timing of the melatonin rhythm with respect to sleep may not play a causal role in sleep disruption.

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AKERSTEDT, TORBJORRN, KEN HUME, DAVID MINORS e JIM WATERHOUSE. "Good sleep - its timing and physiological sleep characteristics". Journal of Sleep Research 6, n. 4 (dicembre 1997): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.1997.00221.x.

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Randler, Christoph. "Sleep, sleep timing and chronotype in animal behaviour". Animal Behaviour 94 (agosto 2014): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.05.001.

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Yoshitake, Rikako, Insung Park, Hitomi Ogata e Naomi Omi. "Meal Timing and Sleeping Energy Metabolism". Nutrients 15, n. 3 (2 febbraio 2023): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030763.

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There is a physiological link between sleep and eating. Insufficient sleep is a risk factor for overeating and excess body weight gain, and molecules such as orexin and insulin play a role in the control of sleep and energy intake. The effects of dietary timing on sleep and energy metabolism were examined in this review. First, we examined sleep energy metabolism and sleep quality under time-restricted eating, including skipping breakfast or dinner. Second, the mechanisms, benefits, and translational potential of the effects of time-restricted diets on sleep were discussed. Time-restricted eating under controlled conditions, in which daily caloric intake was kept constant, affected the time course of energy metabolism but did not affect total energy expenditure over 24 h. In free-living conditions, time-restricted eating for extended durations (4–16 weeks) decreased energy intake and body weight, and the effects of early time-restricted eating were greater than that of midday time-restricted eating. Although assessment of sleep by polysomnographic recording remains to be performed, no negative effects on the subjective quality of sleep have been observed.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Sleep timing"

Porcheret, Kate L. "Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887.

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Sleep is a complex process: the timing of sleep is regulated by two systems (the sleep homeostat and the circadian clock) and there are many potential functions of sleep. The aim of this thesis was to investigate: the impact of light on the regulation of sleep timing (study 1) and the role of sleep in emotional processing (study 2). Study 1 used natural variations in environmental light levels at different geographical locations, to examine the influence of daily light irradiance on sleep timing and chronotype using the Munich chronotype questionnaire (MCTQ). 6443 students were included in this study from six universities from the northern and southern hemispheres. Students in southern hemisphere cities had earlier sleep timings than those in the northern cities. Daily irradiance was higher in the southern hemisphere cities. The amount of time spent outside, age and sex, but not daily irradiance, influenced sleep timings. Study 2 explored the impact of an analogue traumatic event (trauma film) in students who were either sleep deprived or not sleep deprived on intrusive memories ("flashbacks"), sleep physiology and the impact of an increased risk of a mood disorder on this relationship. In this study the sleep deprived participants (n=19) reported fewer intrusive memories to the trauma film than those not sleep deprived (n=22). A change in sleep physiology was observed in the first sleep period following the trauma film, which was more pronounced in the sleep deprived group: increased levels of arousal, REM density and activity in the occipital region. Only three participants at-risk of a mood disorder completed study 2: their data are presented as case studies. In conclusion this research has demonstrated that differences in sleep timings exist between cities in the southern and northern hemispheres and has confirmed that many factors can influence sleep timing. It has also been demonstrated that following a highly emotional event not sleeping may have a beneficial effect, which has implications for the treatment of people after trauma.

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Schreiber, Dana R. "PATHWAYS LINKING SLEEP TIMING TO OBESITY IN MIDLIFE WOMEN". VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4678.

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Midlife women are vulnerable to developing obesity. Both sleep timing and negative emotion are risk factors, yet limited research has explored their role on weight outcomes in this population. The current investigation explored the association of sleep timing (i.e., mean sleep time, sleep time variability) and obesity (i.e., BMI, waist circumference) in midlife women, considering emotional pathways (i.e., depressive symptoms, anger) that might mediate this association. PROCESS parallel mediation models assessed direct and indirect pathways. In follow-up analyses, sleep duration was explored as an indirect pathway linking sleep timing to obesity. Results demonstrated that sleep timing does not directly predict obesity. Emotion was also not a significant indirect pathway. Conversely, sleep duration emerged as an indirect link in the sleep timing and obesity association. Future work is needed to further disentangle the impact of sleep on weight in midlife women using prospective, well-controlled studies, implementing daily assessments of sleep behavior.

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Dietch, Jessica R. "Accuracy of Three Assessments of Sleep Timing, Duration and Efficiency Compared to a Single-Channel EEG Device". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538787/.

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Poor sleep measured across many dimensions has been linked to adverse physical and mental health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, increased mortality, depression, and anxiety. Current research typically relies upon brief, subjective, inadequately validated methods to assess limited dimensions of sleep, resulting in inaccurate measurements and possibly faulty conclusions. Specifically, research validating objective (e.g., actigraphy) and subjective (e.g., sleep diaries, retrospective surveys) measurement methods against the gold standard of polysomnography (PSG, an overnight sleep study) is primarily limited by a) a lack of reliability based on too short (e.g., 24 or 48 hours) of an assessment period to capture night-to-night variability, b) a lack of ecological validity (e.g., full PSG in a laboratory setting), and c) a lack of generalizability due to limited or special populations (e.g., individuals with insomnia). Barriers such as prohibitive cost, extensive setup time, and personnel training requirements diminish the ability of researchers to conduct measurement comparison studies using gold standard measures like traditional PSG. These barriers can be circumvented with the use of low-cost, minimally invasive single-channel EEG devices (e.g., Zmachine), but to date few studies have employed these devices. The current study evaluated the accuracy of retrospective surveys, sleep diaries, and actigraphy compared to a single-channel EEG device for assessment of sleep timing, duration, and efficiency in participants' homes over one week using a broad community sample (N = 80). Actigraphy generally demonstrated the best agreement with Zmachine across sleep variables, followed by diary and then survey. Circadian midpoint was the most consistent across measures, followed by sleep duration and then sleep efficiency. Implications and future directions are discussed.

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McNeil, Jessica. "Examining the Acute Effects of Sleep Restriction and Timing on Energy Balance, Satiety Efficiency and Food Reward in Adults". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34242.

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The main objective of this thesis was to examine the independent effects of sleep duration and timing on appetite, food reward and energy balance. Study 1 investigated the associations between satiety quotient (SQ) with habitual, self-reported sleep duration, quality and timing. No significant associations were noted between SQ and sleep parameters. Short-duration sleepers had a lower mean SQ vs. those with ≥7h sleep/night (P=0.04). Study 2 evaluated associations between changes in sleep duration, efficiency and timing with changes in next day food reward. Greater sleep duration and earlier wake-times were associated with greater food reward (P=0.001). However, these associations were no longer significant after controlling for elapsed time between awakening and completion of the food reward task. Study 3 examined the effects of 50% sleep restriction (SR) anchored during the first (delayed bedtime) or second (advanced wake-time) half of the night on appetite, SQ, food reward, energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Greater appetite ratings and explicit high-fat food reward were noted following SR with an advanced wake-time vs. control and SR with a delayed bedtime (P=0.03-0.01). No difference in SQ was noted between sessions. Energy and carbohydrate intakes were greater on day 2 and over 36h in the delayed bedtime vs. control session (P=0.03). Activity EE and moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) time were greater following delayed bedtime vs. control and advanced wake-time on day 1, whereas vigorous-intensity PA time was greater following advanced wake-time vs. delayed bedtime on day 1 (P=0.01-0.04). Greater sleep quality and slow-wave sleep duration between SR sessions were associated with lower EI and increased vigorous-intensity PA time, respectively (P=0.01-0.04). Collectively, these findings suggest that appetite, SQ and food reward are influenced by sleep parameters, but these changes may not alter EI. These findings also suggest that individuals with greater sleep quality in response to SR had greater vigorous-intensity activity time and lower EI.

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Staples, Victoria Lydia Shana. "Diurnal preference in older men and women : relationship with light,PER3 genotype and sleep wake timing". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510369.

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Reid, Morgan P. "Social Jetlag, Depressive Symptoms, and Longitudinal Outcomes in College Students". VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5737.

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Social jetlag refers to the chronic shift in sleep timing between work and free days and has been associated with a variety of negative physical and psychological outcomes. Existing research on social jetlag has relied heavily on cross-sectional studies, preventing researchers and practitioners from assessing the effects of social jetlag over time. The current study used longitudinal data to explore the directionality of the association between social jetlag and depressive symptoms as well as the longitudinal associations between social jetlag, academic performance, and wellbeing in college students. Gender and race were also assessed as potential moderators of these associations. Cross-lagged panel analysis using Amos for SPSS revealed that social jetlag predicted depressive symptoms both concurrently adjusting for covariates and longitudinally in unadjusted models. This finding suggests that sleep disturbances may precede mood concerns, although causality cannot be proven due to the design of the current study. PROCESS moderation analyses indicated that social jetlag did not significantly predict academic performance or wellbeing over time, and neither gender nor race moderated these associations. Future research is needed to further assess the short- and long-term outcomes of social jetlag using prospective, well-controlled studies and objective measures of sleep timing.

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Zerón, Rugerio Maria Fernanda. "Living against the biological clock: The role of sleep, meal timing and circadian patterns in adiposity and dietary intake in young adults". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671452.

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Our daily lives are controlled by three clocks: the sun clock, the biological clock, and the social clock (local time). The sun clock gives our daily life a 24h periodicity (mainly through light- dark cycles), while the biological clock (a popular name for the circadian system) orchestrates physiology and behavior based on the sun clock. In this regard, the biological clock prepares the body to eat, stay awake and physically active during the day (sunlight), while it prepares the body to sleep and fast at night (darkness). Therefore, the synchrony between clocks is essential for health. However, with the introduction of electric lighting, humans can select their light-dark cycles and usually prolong wakefulness far into the night. This allows people to eat, stay awake, or even work when they would normally be sleeping, altering the synchrony between the biological clock and the sun clock (also known as circadian misalignment). Interestingly, as people have begun to live against the biological clock, the prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide, suggesting that circadian misalignment can also play a role in obesity. As such, the evidence has made it clear that sleep and meal timing are determinants of body weight and dietary intake. Furthermore, recent studies are beginning to reveal that the synchrony between sleep and meal timing could be even more relevant and influential in obesity and dietary intake. Therefore, in this Thesis we aimed to study the influence of sleep and meal timing on body weight and adherence to healthy dietary patterns in young adults. Additionally, we investigated whether the alterations of the circadian pattern of temperature and energy intake were associated with body weight and adiposity in young adults. It is worth noting that young adults are very likely to suffer from circadian misalignment, and in addition, the transition between adolescence and adulthood has been identified as a period of increased risk for development of overweight, sedentary lifestyle and poor diet quality. Therefore, studying this population is of special interest since the findings contribute to future recommendations for the prevention of obesity in young adults, which certainly also apply to the general population. Overall, our results suggested that in young adults i) discrepancy in sleep and/or meal timing on weekends vs. weekdays, ii) misalignment between sleep and meal timing, iii) poor sleep quality, as well as iv) alterations in the circadian pattern of temperature and v) low fragmentation of the circadian pattern of energy intake were determinant factors in obesity and unhealthy dietary intake. According to our findings, maintaining regular sleep and meal schedules during the week, and matching sleep timing behavior with dinner timing could contribute to align behavior with circadian physiology. This, in the long run, could have a beneficial impact on weight and adiposity, which is especially important for young people who are susceptible to have a late chronotype and thus, are more prone to suffer from circadian misalignment. However, these results could also be useful among other collectives, such as teenagers, adults with a greater tendency of obesity or those who live in countries where late-dinner is common.

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Fifel, Karim. "Alterations of the circadian timing system in rodent and non human primate models of Parkinson’s disease". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10031/document.

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Depuis sa première description par James Parkinson dans son essai sur la paralysie agitante, la maladie de Parkinson (PD) a été reconnue comme une maladie du système moteur identifié par une tétrade de symptômes, à savoir : akinésie, rigidité musculaire, tremblement au repos et instabilité posturale. Ces symptômes sont liés à la perte de la dopamine (DA) dans le striatum après la dégénérescence neuronale dans la substance noire (SN). Il est de plus en plus reconnu que les symptômes non moteurs et peut-être non dopaminergiques inévitablement émergent et s'aggravent au cours de la progression de la maladie. Les perturbations du sommeil sont parmi les principaux symptômes non moteurs et ont été reconnus comme marqueurs précliniques de la maladie. Les modèles de régulation du sommeil ont insisté sur deux processus distincts : un mécanisme de contrôle du sommeil, ou homéostat sommeil, et un oscillateur circadien. L'oscillateur circadien, basé dans le noyau suprachiasmatique (NSC) est responsable de la tendance à dormir pendant certaines phases du cycle de 24 heures et la consolidation du sommeil et de réveil en épisodes distincts. L'homéostat sommeil est chargé de surveiller et de réagir à la nécessité pour le sommeil, provoquant l'envie de dormir à dépendre sur les montants avant du sommeil ou de l'éveil. Alors que les perturbations dans les circuits et les processus homéostatiques impliqués dans la régulation du sommeil-éveil comportement sont documenté dans la maladie de Parkinson, l'implication potentielle des altérations du système circadien n'ont pas été étudiés en détail. Le but de ma thèse est d'étudier les modifications dans le système circadien en utilisant deux modèles animaux de PD : la souris et le primate non-humain
Since the first description by James Parkinson in his essay on the shaking palsy, Parkinson’s disease (PD) was recognized as a motor disease identified by a tetrad of symptoms, namely; akinesia, muscular rigidity, resting tremor and postural instability. These symptoms are known to be related to loss of dopamine (DA) in the striatum following neural degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). It is increasingly recognized that non-motor and perhaps non-dopaminergic related symptoms inevitably emerge and worsen during disease progression. Sleep disruption is one of the major non-motor symptoms and has been suggested as a preclinical marker of the disease. Models of sleep regulation have emphasized two distinct processes: a sleep-control mechanism, or sleep homeostat, and a circadian oscillator. The circadian oscillator, based in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), is responsible for the tendency to sleep during certain phases of the 24-hour cycle and the consolidation of sleep and wake into distinct episodes. The sleep homeostat is responsible for monitoring and reacting to the need for sleep, causing the urge to sleep to depend on prior amounts of sleep or wakefulness. While disruptions in the circuitry and the homeostatic processes involved in the regulation of sleep-wake behaviour is will documented in PD, the potential involvement of alterations of the circadian system have not been studied in detail. The aim of my thesis is to investigate alterations in the circadian timing system using two animal models of PD: the mouse and the non-human primate. Taken together, the studies show that disturbances of circadian functions occur after MPTP treatment in the non-human primate but not in the mouse model of PD. These results emphasize the limitations of the MPTP-treated mouse model of PD for the study of non-motor symptoms, and reinforce previous studies that question the adequacy of this model to replicate cardinal motor features of the disease. In contrast, results in the non-human primate model stress the importance of dopaminergic degeneration in the circadian organisation of behavioral sleep wake cycle in PD

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Melone, Marie-Anne. "Diagnοstic and therapeutic strategies οf circadian and sleep/wake rhythm disοrders in at-risk pοpulatiοns". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR023.

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Les recommandations en matière de santé du sommeil préconisent 7 à 9 heures de sommeil par nuit pour la population générale. Pourtant, la dette chronique de sommeil persiste et présente des risques importants pour la santé, notamment en termes de maladies métaboliques, cardiovasculaires et neurocognitives. Cette dette chronique de sommeil est souvent attribuée au conflit entre le mode de vie moderne - l'éclairage artificiel et les obligations sociales - et nos rythmes circadiens endogènes, ce qui conduit à une perturbation appelée le désalignement circadien. Les rythmes circadiens sont les oscillations naturelles des processus physiologiques. Ces rythmes sont essentiels pour aligner nos processus physiologiques et comportementaux sur le temps solaire afin d'anticiper les changements dans notre environnement. Le désalignement circadien est de plus en plus souvent incriminé dans divers états pathologiques. Le diagnostic des troubles des rythmes circadiens ou rythmes veille/sommeil reste difficile en pratique, car sa définition repose en partie sur des évaluations subjectives de la qualité du sommeil. Les questionnaires et les agendas de sommeil bien qu’ils soient des outils validés établissent des mesures indirectes de notre chronotype et des rythmes veille/sommeil. Le gold standard pour l’évaluation de notre rythmicité circadienne est la mesure biologique de la sécrétion de la mélatonine. Ceci souligne la nécessité d'améliorer les méthodes de diagnostic afin de mieux identifier la prévalence de ces troubles et ainsi pouvoir proposer des mesures thérapeutiques adaptée. Ceci pourrait contribuer à prévenir le développement de pathologies en liens avec ce désalignement circadien. Dans ce contexte, notre travail s’intéresse à la prévalence, les facteurs de risque et les conséquences des désalignements circadiens, chez des populations particulièrement à risque comme les étudiants-sportifs et les patients de soins intensifs, où les donneurs de temps sont perturbés ; générant des conséquences en termes d’altération des performances et du pronostic. Ce travail comprend les résultats de trois études et une revue de littérature sur la prévalence des troubles des rythmes veille/sommeil, leurs facteurs de risque, les conséquences et les traitements potentiels dans les populations des étudiants-sportifs et des patients de soins intensifs
Sleep health guidelines advocate for 7 to 9 hours of nightly sleep for the general population, yet sleep debt persists, presenting significant health risks, including metabolic, cardiac, mental, and neurocognitive diseases. This widespread sleep debt is often attributed to the conflict between modern lifestyles—characterized by artificial lighting, shift work, and social obligations—and our innate circadian rhythms, leading to a condition known as circadian dysrhythmia. Circadian rhythms are the natural oscillations in physiological processes that are essential for aligning genetic, physiological, and behavioral patterns with solar time to anticipate changes in our environment. The misalignment of these rhythms is increasingly linked to various health disorders. Diagnosing circadian rhythms and sleep/wake disorders poses challenges, as part of its definition relies on subjective assessments and clinical evaluations of sleep quality. Moreover, sleep/wake timing or chronotype questionnaires, although validated, may not accurately reflect individual circadian clocks. While melatonin measurement is considered the gold standard, its practical implementation is difficult, making actigraphy and sleep logs more common tools for identifying circadian rhythms and sleep/wake disorders. This highlights the need for improved diagnostic methods. Potential therapeutic interventions could help improve circadian dysrhythmias related health outcomes. In this context, this manuscript delves into the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of circadian rhythms and sleep/wake disorders, particularly focusing on at-risk populations like student-athletes and critically ill patients, where misaligned zeitgebers exacerbate health risks. This work includes three studies’ findings and one narrative review on circadian rhythm and sleep/wake disorders, their risk factors, consequences, and potential treatments in populations prioritizing performance (student-athletes) and recovery (critically ill patients)

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Weidenauer, Corina [Verfasser], e Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Randler. "Circadian Preference and Amplitude - “Under Consideration of Physiological Markers, Activity and Sleep/Wake Timing as well as References to Attention, Mood and Motivation in Everyday School Life” / Corina Weidenauer ; Akademischer Betreuer: Christoph Randler". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1203726201/34.

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Libri sul tema "Sleep timing"

Lewis, Marc D. Bed timing: The "when-to" guide to helping your child to sleep. Toronto, Ont: Collins, 2009.

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Carskadon, Mary A., e Leila Tarokh. Developmental Changes in Circadian Timing and Sleep. A cura di Amy Wolfson e Hawley Montgomery-Downs. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199873630.013.0006.

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Bed Timing: The When-To Guide to Helping Your Child to Sleep. HarperCollins Canada, Limited, 2010.

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Enright, J. T. Timing of Sleep and Wakefulness: On the Substructure and Dynamics of the Circadian Pacemakers Underlying the Wake-Sleep Cycle. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Okun, Michele L. Sleep and pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0013.

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Pregnant women experience a greater degree of sleep disturbance than their non-pregnant counterparts. Complaints range from sleep maintenance issues to excessive daytime sleepiness. Emerging evidence suggests that there is variability in sleep patterns and complaints which manifest differently among pregnant women. Moreover, it is well accepted that sleep disturbance can dysregulate normal immune and endocrine processes that are critically important to the health and progression of gestation. A possible consequence of sleep disturbance is an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Then again, many endogenous and exogenous factors, including pregnancy-related physiological, hormonal, and anatomic changes, as well as lifestyle changes, can impact the degree and chronicity of sleep disturbance. Alas, there is still much to learn in terms of what women can/should expect with regard to the timing, degree, frequency, and/or severity of a specific pregnancy-related sleep disturbance(s), despite the number of published studies evaluating what sleep during pregnancy encompasses.

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The Impact of Altered Timing of Eating, Sleep and Work Patterns on Human Health. MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03842-760-5.

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Cohen, Daniel A., e Asim Roy. Sleep and Neurological Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0010.

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Scientific investigation of the relationships between sleep and neurological disorders is at a relatively early stage. Damage to the nervous system or impaired neural development can cause a wide array of sleep disorders. In turn, sleep disruption may impair neuroplastic processes that are important for functional recovery after nervous system insults. Sleep disorders in patients with neurological disease can negatively affect quality of life for both the patients and the caregivers. Cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune process changes associated with sleep disorders may exacerbate the underlying neuropathological changes in neurological disease. Early intervention for sleep disorders in these patients may substantially improve neurological outcomes. More randomized, controlled treatment trials will ultimately help to determine the optimal timing and treatment modalities for the sleep disorders in these patients and the impact this will have on improving neurological health, enhancing neurological function, and reducing the care burden for this population.

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Innominato, Pasquale F., e David Spiegel. Circadian rhythms, sleep, and anti-cancer treatments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0016.

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The circadian timing system temporally regulates biological functions relevant for psycho-physical wellbeing, spanning all the systems related to health. Hence, disruption of circadian rhythms, along with sleep cycles, is associated with the development of several diseases, including cancer. Moreover, altered circadian and sleep functions negatively impact on cancer patients’ quality of life and survival, above and beyond known determinants of outcome. This alteration can occur as a consequence of cancer, but also of anti-cancer treatments. Indeed, circadian rhythms govern also the ability of detoxifying chemotherapy agents across the 24 hours. Hence, adapting chemotherapy delivery to the molecular oscillations in relevant drug pathways can decrease toxicity to healthy cells, while increasing the number of cancer cells killing. This chronomodulated chemotherapy approach, together with the maintenance of proper circadian function throughtout the whole disease challenge, would finally result in safer and more active anticancer treatments, and in patients experiencing better quality and quantity of life.

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Masip, Josep, Kenneth Planas e Arantxa Mas. Non-invasive ventilation. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0025.

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During the last 25 years, the use of non-invasive ventilation has grown substantially. Non-invasive ventilation refers to the delivery of positive pressure to the lungs without endotracheal intubation and plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure and in the domiciliary management of some chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. In the intensive and acute care setting, the primary aim of non-invasive ventilation is to avoid intubation, and it is mainly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, or in the context of weaning, situations in which a reduction in mortality has been demonstrated. The principal techniques are continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel pressure support ventilation. Whereas non-invasive pressure support ventilation requires a ventilator, continuous positive airway pressure is a simpler technique that can be easily used in non-equipped areas such as the pre-hospital setting. The success of non-invasive ventilation is related to the adequate timing and selection of patients, as well as the appropriate use of interfaces, the synchrony of patient-ventilator, and the fine-tuning of the ventilator.

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Masip, Josep, Kenneth Planas e Arantxa Mas. Non-invasive ventilation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0025_update_001.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Sleep timing"

Shahid, Azmeh, Kate Wilkinson, Shai Marcu e Colin M. Shapiro. "Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ)". In STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales, 351–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_86.

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Hilditch, Cassie J., e Dorothee Fischer. "Jet Lag, Sleep Timing, and Sleep Inertia". In The Handbook of Fatigue Management in Transportation, 195–213. New York: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003213154-18.

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Cuesta, Marc, Philippe Boudreau e Diane B. Boivin. "Basic Circadian Timing and Sleep-Wake Regulation". In Sleep Disorders Medicine, 79–102. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6578-6_6.

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Shah, Rasik. "Case 29. Not All Sleep Studies Are the Same, Timing and Teaming Are Essential". In Sleepless and Sleepy, 129–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18374-4_29.

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Kim, Dong Won Thomas, e Seth Blackshaw. "Winding the Clock: Development of Hypothalamic Structures Controlling Biological Timing and Sleep". In Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology, 105–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40002-6_5.

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Lingasubramanian, Karthikeyan, Andrea Calimera, Alberto Macii, Enrico Macii e Massimo Poncino. "Sub-Row Sleep Transistor Insertion for Concurrent Clock-Gating and Power-Gating". In Integrated Circuit and System Design. Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization, and Simulation, 214–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24154-3_22.

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Lydic, R., R. W. McCarley e J. A. Hobson. "Timing Function of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus and the Temporal Organization of the Ultradian Sleep Cycle". In Ultradian Rhythms in Physiology and Behavior, 125–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70483-3_10.

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Scharf, Matthew T., e R. Nisha Aurora. "Case 44. Timing Is Everything". In Sleepless and Sleepy, 197–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18374-4_44.

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Titus, Jonathan A. "Investigate Sleep Modes and Sleep-Mode Timing". In The Hands-on XBEE Lab Manual, 69–76. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-391404-0.00009-0.

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Dautovich, Natalie D., Janna L. Imel e Joseph M. Dzierzewski. "Sleep Duration, Timing, and Napping as Components of Healthy Sleep". In Integrative Sleep Medicine, a cura di Valerie Cacho e Esther Lum, 87–100. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190885403.003.0006.

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Although optimal sleep is essential for overall health and well-being, questions exist regarding the sufficient duration of sleep, appropriate timing of sleep, and whether or not naps are helpful or harmful. Generally speaking, for optimal sleep health, adults should aim to obtain between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day. The optimal timing of this daily sleep is during the nocturnal hours. In regards to napping, evidence is mixed regarding whether napping represents a detriment to optimal sleep behavior. For those who engage in napping, characteristics of napping such as the duration, timing, regularity, and environment are important factors to consider.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Sleep timing"

Velazquez, J., J. E. Orr, C. N. Schmickl, R. Brena, N. O. A. Bosompra, P. N. DeYoung, A. Malhotra, M. Karris, S. Ancoli-Israel e R. L. Owens. "Fatigue in People Living with HIV and Relationship with Sleep Duration, Sleep Timing, and Sleep Disordered Breathing". In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a5001.

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Murray, Ann, Kelsey Klaas, Cynthia Harbeck-Weber, Philip Fischer, Andrea Errthum, Supriya Behl, Noelle Drapeau et al. "Sleep timing and duration in adolescents with debilitating chronic orthostatic intolerance participating in a comprehensive pain rehabilitation program". In ERS Sleep and Breathing 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.sleepandbreathing-2023.39.

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Ramalingam, Anand, Bin Zhang, Anirudh Devgan e David Z. Pan. "Sleep transistor sizing using timing criticality and temporal currents". In the 2005 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1120725.1120832.

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Sathanur, Ashoka, Antonio Pullini, Luca Benini, Alberto Macii, Enrico Macii e Massimo Poncino. "Optimal sleep transistor synthesis under timing and area constraints". In the 18th ACM Great Lakes symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1366110.1366155.

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Dow, Douglas E., Yukio Horiguchi, Yoshiki Hirai e Isao Hayashi. "Monitoring of Respiratory Cycles Utilizing Sensors on Sleeping Mat". In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72240.

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Sleep apnea and other sleeping disorders impair health and quality of life. Polysomnography is the primary method for diagnosis, but involves cost and utilization of medical resources, which limit access for potential patients. The clinical environment and sensors of polysomnography hinder typical sleep patterns in many individuals, thus degrading the analysis. Sensors suitable for at-home monitoring of sleep have recently become available. At-home monitoring of sleep may improve diagnosis due to increased familiarity for sleeping and ability for multiple sleep sessions, as well as lowering the cost. However, more robust algorithms would be needed to partially compensate for the less controlled conditions and sensor systems. A mat with a grid of force sensors has become available. This study was developing a state machine algorithm to analyze the activity at multiple force sensors of a mat while the subject was lying in supine position on the mat and undertaking natural, rhythmic respiration. The algorithm monitored the subset of active sensors to detect potential respiratory cycles. The similarity of the timing of the detected cycles between different sensors was used to determine the overall pattern of respiratory activity for the subject. Reliable detection of timing for respiratory cycles would be useful for detection of sleep apnea events.

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O’Brien, Louise, Anna Olsen, David Kalmbach, Helen Burgess e Leslie Swanson. "41 Depressive symptoms in pregnancy: the role of sleep timing". In BSS Scientific Conference 2021 abstracts book. British Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2021-bssconf.36.

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Rhodes, Beckie, Michael Yanney, Vicki Walker e Lucy Horrocks. "449 Timing and outcome of sleep studies for children with down syndrome". In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.514.

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Brijbassi, Melissa, Luigi Taranto Montemurro e T. D. Bradley. "Differential Timing Of Arousals In Heart Failure Patients With Either Obstructive Or Central Sleep Apnea". In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2214.

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Kitagawa, Masahiro, Benjamin Luke Evans, Nagisa Munekata e Tetsuo Ono. "Mutual Adaptation between a Human and a Robot Based on Timing Control of "Sleep-time"". In HAI '16: The Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2974804.2980502.

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Muzumdar, Neel, Jennifer Buckman, Alexander Sokolovsky, Anthony Pawlak, Andrea Spaeth, Kristina Jackson e Helene White. "Examining the Effects of Cannabis Use on Sleep Using Daily Diary Data". In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.40.

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BACKGROUND: College students in the United States widely report using alcohol and cannabis as a sleep aid. Given the prevalence of sleep problems and insufficient sleep in this population, the high incidence in use and co-use of cannabis and alcohol is unsurprising. Current evidence does not support alcohol as an effective sleep aid and research on the relationship of cannabis to sleep is limited and inconsistent. Furthermore, the majority of current cannabis and sleep studies are limited to retrospective, person-level analyses even though there is a wide range of individual and day-level differences in reactivity to intoxication. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine cannabis and alcohol use and their associations with sleep at both the between-person level (i.e., between-subjects comparison of chronic use behaviors) and within-person level (i.e., day-level comparison of use behaviors). METHOD: This study is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data obtained from a study characterizing the effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use. Participants (n=341) completed surveys up to five times per day during two bursts of 4 weeks (54 days total) that occurred during two consecutive college semesters. Self-reported quantities of cannabis use (as number of uses) and alcohol use (as number of drinks), as well as bedtimes (night) and wake times (morning) were reported. Linear mixed models were conducted in SAS 9.4 to characterize between-person and within-person (person-mean centered) correlations of cannabis or alcohol use and sleep duration. RESULTS: Significant main effects of within-person cannabis (Estimate: 0.019, SE: 0.007, t=2.86, p=0.004) and alcohol (Estimate: -0.0402, SE: 0.0076, t=-5.28, p<0.001) use were found, as was a between-person main effect of average cannabis use (Estimate: 0.038, SE: 0.012, t=3.28, p=0.001) across the full study period. The between-person main effect of average alcohol use was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that generally heavier cannabis users sleep more than their non-using/generally light using counterparts and that they sleep more on nights following heavier use days. Interestingly, the relationship between alcohol and sleep differed between the between-person and within-person levels: alcohol use was dose-dependently associated with reduced sleep duration; however, in this sample, generally heavier alcohol users did not appear to differ in overall sleep duration compared to generally lighter alcohol users. Importantly, this sample included a wide range of substance users, none of whom were in treatment for a cannabis use disorder (CUD) or alcohol use disorder (AUD). Whether these patterns of dose-dependence would be observed over longer time periods or in individuals who meet criteria for CUD or AUD remains to be studied. Future studies will assess the effects of alcohol and cannabis co-use patterns as well as timing of consumption.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Sleep timing"

Bunn, Sarah, e Lev Tankelevitch. Shift Work, Sleep and Health. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, settembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn586.

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A POSTnote that describes how working outside of daytime hours – shift work – affects physical and mental health and performance through its impact on sleep and circadian timing. It highlights the latest research, explains the implications for policy and how research can inform the design of interventions to improve shift workers' sleep and overall health.

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Royette Tavernier, Ph.D., Royette Tavernier, Ph D. Battle of the clocks: Does your biological clock determine whether the timing of exercise impairs or promotes sleep? Experiment, ottobre 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/8234.

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Variable sleep schedules might put preschoolers at risk of academic difficulties. ACAMH, giugno 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.12321.

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