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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Sirex noctilio Control"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 8 febbraio 2022

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1

Ipinza Carmona, Roberto, e María Paz Molina Brand. "Control integrado de Sirex noctilio". Ciencia & Investigación Forestal 5, n. 1 (6 luglio 1991): 96–150. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/0718-4646.1991.149.

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El desarrollo actual y futuro de la actividad forestal exhibe una marcada dependencia de la especie pino insigne, esto obliga a extremar las medidas de seguridad en torno a la sanidad de esta especie forestal. Todo programa de protección sanitaria debe estar basado en un profundo conocimiento tanto de los agentes bióticos como abióticos causantes de daños, y particularmente de aquellos agentes bióticos exóticos que no poseen enemigos naturales. El insecto Sirex noctilio F. o avispa de la madera se incluye dentro de este grupo, pudiendo transformarse en una plaga de extraordinaria gravedad, como lo demuestran los niveles de ataque alcanzado en países donde se ha introducido. Uno de ellos es Australia, en el que debido a la similitud de características climáticas y de crecimiento del pino insigne con respecto a Chile, merece una especial atención. A pesar de que las características climáticas y de crecimiento del pino en Chile son similares a las de Australia, es difícil predecir el impacto económico que causaría el comportamiento epidémico de Sirex noctilio. En virtud de lo anterior se ha creído conveniente realizar una revisión de los antecedentes bibliográficos relacionados con Sirex noctilio, de modo que estos puedan contribuir al conocimiento de esta plaga, y así estar en condiciones de enfrentar adecuadamente su accionar epidémico.

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Lanfranco L., Dolly, e Angelica Aguilar V. "Opciones de control para Sirex noctilio: una revisión * (Hymenoptera - Siricidae)". Bosque 11, n. 2 (1990): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4206/bosque.1990.v11n2-02.

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3

Cameron, N. L., A. J. Carnegie, T. Wardlaw, S. Lawson e T. Venn. "Economic appraisal of Sirex Wood Wasp (Sirex noctilio) control in Australian pine plantations". Australian Forestry 81, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2018): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2018.1430436.

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4

Dodds, Kevin J., Robert R. Cooke e Daniel W. Gilmore. "Silvicultural Options to Reduce Pine Susceptibility to Attack by a Newly Detected Invasive Species, Sirex noctilio". Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 24, n. 3 (1 settembre 2007): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/24.3.165.

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Abstract A nonnative woodwasp of Eurasian origin, Sirex noctilio F., was detected recently in Oswego, New York, infesting Scots, red, and white pine. S. noctilio has caused periodic widespread losses of pine timber resources in several Southern Hemisphere countries and may cause significant damage in pure even-aged stands and overstocked plantations in North America. However, stand management and biological control programs have successfully managed S. noctilio populations in other countries and similar programs are being developed for North America. Until the primary biological control agent, Beddingia siricidicola, a parasitic nematode, is established in North America, forest owners will have to rely solely on silvicultural treatments to reduce the susceptibility of at-risk pine stands to S. noctilio attack. Silvicultural treatments including precommercial thinning, promoting optimal growing conditions for pines on a given site, reducing numbers of susceptible hosts, and consistent monitoring of stands are suggested activities to help protect pine stands from invasion by S. noctilio.

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Penteado, Susete Do Rocio Chiarello, Edilson Batista de Oliveira e Edson Tadeu Iede. "Sample size for monitoring sirex populations and their natural enemies". Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira 36, n. 87 (30 settembre 2016): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.4336/2016.pfb.36.87.788.

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The woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) was introduced in Brazil in 1988 and became the main pest in pine plantations. It has spread to about 1.000.000 ha, at different population levels, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Control is done mainly by using a nematode, Deladenus siricidicola Bedding (Nematoda: Neothylenchidae). The evaluation of the efficiency of natural enemies has been difficult because there are no appropriate sampling systems. This study tested a hierarchical sampling system to define the sample size to monitor the S. noctilio population and the efficiency of their natural enemies, which was found to be perfectly adequate.

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Wang, Lixiang, Chunchun Li, Juan Shi, Chengcheng Li, Jiale Li, Lili Ren e Youqing Luo. "Incidental Fungi in Host Trees Disrupt the Development of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) Symbiotic Fungus and Larvae". Journal of Economic Entomology 113, n. 2 (3 dicembre 2019): 832–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz314.

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Abstract The woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, is an exotic pest of Pinus L. in the southern hemisphere and North America, and it is an emerging threat in northeastern China. Adult woodwasps have numerous insect competitors for oviposition substrates, and developing larvae must compete for resources with other subcortical invaders. Its mutualistic fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Fr.) Boidon, is less competitive than many other fungal colonists present in pine ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of incidental, host-colonizing fungi on the growth and development of woodwasp larvae and A. areolatum. Fungi were isolated from dead S. noctilio larvae within galleries (primarily Trichoderma Pers, Ophiostoma Sydow, and Sphaeropsis Sacc.), and effects of these fungi on woodwasp brood survival were investigated via inoculations of S. noctilio-infested logs. Larval mortality was significantly increased in sample logs inoculated with Ophiostoma minus (Hedgc.) Sydow Phlebiopsis gigantea (Fr.) Jülich, Trichoderma atroviride Bissett, Trichoderma viride Pers, and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. Inoculation of logs with O. minus resulted in the highest mortality and greatest reductions in wood moisture content. When grown on artificial media, these fungi grew faster than and inhibited growth of A. areolatum mycelium. We propose that the adverse effects of incidental fungi on the survival of S. noctilio larvae may be caused at least in part by an indirect mechanism involving inhibition of the fungal symbiont. The findings provide potentially valuable information for suppressing S. noctilio populations using microbial control agents.

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7

Leal, I., B. Foord, C. Davis, P. de Groot, X. O. Mlonyeni e B. Slippers. "Distinguishing isolates of Deladenus siricidicola, a biological control agent of Sirex noctilio, from North America and the Southern Hemisphere using PCR–RFLP". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, n. 6 (giugno 2012): 1173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-058.

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The woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius, along with its obligate symbiotic fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Chaillet ex Fr.) Boidin, is amongst the most damaging invasive species to many commercial pine plantations. The most effective biocontrol agent for management of this woodwasp has been the nematode Deladenus siricidicola Bedding. Before this agent can be used in North America, answering key questions about its interaction with native siricids and other strains of the nematode is essential, as would be the need to track its spread after release. The aim of this study was to develop tools to differentiate between the North American D. siricidicola isolates and the Southern Hemisphere Kamona strain of this species. We sequenced a region from ribosomal DNA and the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and developed a PCR–RFLP method based on a single nucleotide polymorphism flanking a microsatellite sequence. These markers will be useful for science-based operational biocontrol of S. noctilio.

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8

Fu, Ningning, Jiaxing Li, Ming Wang, Lili Ren e Youqing Luo. "Genes Identification, Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Analysis of Laccases from Amylostereum areolatum Provides Molecular Basis of Laccase Bound to Lignin". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, n. 22 (22 novembre 2020): 8845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228845.

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An obligate mutualistic relationship exists between the fungus Amylostereum areolatum and woodwasp Sirex noctilio. The fungus digests lignin in the host pine, providing essential nutrients for the growing woodwasp larvae. However, the functional properties of this symbiosis are poorly described. In this study, we identified, cloned, and characterized 14 laccase genes from A. areolatum. These genes encoded proteins of 508 to 529 amino acids and contained three typical copper-oxidase domains, necessary to confer laccase activity. Besides, we performed molecular docking and dynamics simulation of the laccase proteins in complex with lignin compounds (monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers). AaLac2, AaLac3, AaLac6, AaLac8, and AaLac10 were found that had low binding energies with all lignin model compounds tested and three of them could maintain stability when binding to these compounds. Among these complexes, amino acid residues ALA, GLN, LEU, PHE, PRO, and SER were commonly present. Our study reveals the molecular basis of A. areolatum laccases interacting with lignin, which is essential for understanding how the fungus provides nutrients to S. noctilio. These findings might also provide guidance for the control of S. noctilio by informing the design of enzyme mutants that could reduce the efficiency of lignin degradation.

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9

Hurley, Brett P., Bernard Slippers e Michael J. Wingfield. "A comparison of control results for the alien invasive woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in the southern hemisphere". Agricultural and Forest Entomology 9, n. 3 (agosto 2007): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00340.x.

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Mlonyeni, X. Osmond, Brenda D. Wingfield, Michael J. Wingfield, Rodrigo Ahumada, Paula Klasmer, Isabel Leal, Peter de Groot e Bernard Slippers. "Extreme homozygosity in Southern Hemisphere populations of Deladenus siricidicola, a biological control agent of Sirex noctilio". Biological Control 59, n. 3 (dicembre 2011): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.09.009.

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11

Yousuf, Fazila, Geoff M. Gurr, Angus J. Carnegie, Robin A. Bedding, Richard Bashford, Catherine W. Gitau e Helen I. Nicol. "The bark beetle,Ips grandicollis,disrupts biological control of the woodwasp,Sirex noctilio,via fungal symbiont interactions". FEMS Microbiology Ecology 88, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2013): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12267.

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12

Williams, David W., e Ann E. Hajek. "Biological control of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in the northeastern United States using an exotic parasitic nematode". Biological Control 107 (aprile 2017): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2017.01.008.

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13

Bittner, Tonya D., Ann E. Hajek, Laurel Haavik, Jeremy Allison e Helen Nahrung. "Multiple introductions of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in northeastern North America based on microsatellite genotypes, and implications for biological control". Biological Invasions 19, n. 5 (17 gennaio 2017): 1431–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1365-1.

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14

Bittner, Tonya D., Nathan Havill, Isis A. L. Caetano e Ann E. Hajek. "Efficacy of Kamona strain Deladenus siricidicola nematodes for biological control of Sirex noctilio in North America and hybridisation with invasive conspecifics". NeoBiota 44 (4 aprile 2019): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.44.30402.

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Sirexnoctilio is an invasive woodwasp that, along with its symbiotic fungus, has killed pine trees (Pinus spp.) in North America and in numerous countries in the Southern Hemisphere. We tested a biological control agent in North America that has successfully controlled S.noctilio in Oceania, South Africa, and South America. Deladenussiricidicola nematodes feed on the symbiotic white rot fungus Amylostereumareolatum and can switch to being parasitic on S.noctilio. When parasitic, the Kamona nematode strain can sterilise the eggs of S.noctilio females. However, in North America, a different strain of D.siricidicola (NA), presumably introduced along with the woodwasp, parasitises but does not sterilise S.noctilio. We tested the sterilising Kamona biological control strain of D.siricidicola against S.noctilio in North America. Interactions between the biological control strain and the NA strain could include competitive exclusion, co-infection within hosts or hybridisation. We reared D.siricidicola Kamona on an A.areolatum strain native to North America (IGS-BE) and another strain (IGS-BDF) used commercially to mass-produce the nematode in Australia. We inoculated Kamona reared on either strain of A.areolatum into logs infested with S.noctilio larvae and compared parasitism rates against control logs. Individual nematodes were isolated from S.noctilio hemocoels and from sterilised eggs and were genotyped with eight microsatellite loci. A high rate of parasitisation of S.noctilio by D.siricidicolaNA was found for all treatments and we found evidence of both co-infection and hybridisation. Surprisingly, sterilisation rates were not related to the rates of parasitisation by D.siricidicola Kamona.

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Pawson, S. M., C. M. Romo, J. Kerr, M. K.-F. Bader e E. G. Brockerhoff. "Developing an ecological riskbased approach to manage phytosanitary pest risks on export Pinus radiata logs from New Zealand". New Zealand Plant Protection 66 (8 gennaio 2013): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5704.

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New Zealand currently exports 47 billion of wood products including more than 127 million m3 of logs (almost all Pinus radiata) Currently all logs are treated to eliminate infestation by phytosanitary pests with these treatments being specified by the import requirements of trading partners The most common treatment used at present is fumigation with methyl bromide or in the case of China phosphine which is permitted on the basis of an experimental use permit The primary pests of concern are two species of bark beetles (Hylurgus ligniperda and Hylastes ater) two species of wood borers (Arhopalus ferus and Prionoplus reticularis) and Sirex noctilio Sirex is rare in New Zealand due to the combination of a successful biological control programme and improved forest management practices However trading partners are sensitive to Sirex due to its impact in other countriesScion has just embarked on a 4year programme of research to evaluate the necessity of current mandatory end point phytosanitary treatments such as fumigation As an alternative we propose an ecologicallybased assessment process that determines actual phytosanitary risk so that the need for preexport treatments can be evaluated This concept uses ecological information eg pest phenology habitat requirements developmental biology and dispersal capabilities to determine if the potential pest pressure at a given time and place warrants the need for the application of an end point phytosanitary treatmentThis programme is adopting a Bayesian Network approach to model infestation risk both spatially and temporally The models rely heavily on (1) quantifying the thermal development of pest species so that phenology can be predicted from current and future meteorological conditions (2) understanding the influence of landscape context on pest abundance and (3) accurate estimates of pest dispersal abilities throughout the landscape The programme is supported by a national Quarantine Pest Trapping Network (QPTN) that will provide 4 years of pest abundance data from sites in both forests and ports The QPTN data will be used to make an initial case for a winter pestfree area of production contribute to the validation of the Bayesian Network models and provide the backbone of a future official assurance monitoring programme to support the adoption of an ecologicallybased assessment of phytosanitary risks to reduce the need for treatments of export logs

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Gitau, C. W., A. J. Carnegie, H. I. Nicol, R. Bashford, C. Poynter e G. M. Gurr. "Incidence of Ips grandicollis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) in trap trees prepared for biological control of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Australia: Influence of environment and silviculture". Forest Ecology and Management 310 (dicembre 2013): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.035.

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Penteado, Susete Do Rocio Chiarello, Edílson Batista de Oliveira e Edson Tadeu Iede. "Utilização da amostragem seqüencial para avaliar a eficiência do parasitismo de Deladenus (Beddingia) siricidicola (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae) em adultos de Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)." Ciência Florestal 18, n. 2 (30 giugno 2008): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/19805098459.

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O nematóide Deladenus (Beddingia) siricidicola (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae) é o principal agente de controle de Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), vespa-da-madeira. ao esterilizar as fêmeas do inseto, atinge níveis de parasitismo próximos a 100%, com média de 70%. o monitoramento da eficiência do nematóide tem sido realizado pela avaliação da sua presença no aparelho reprodutor de machos e fêmeas do inseto. porém, esse processo é exaustivo e antieconômico quando aplicado a amostras muito grandes. o objetivo desta pesquisa foi testar a técnica da amostragem seqüencial para avaliação da eficiência do parasitismo de Deladenus (Beddingia) siricidicola em adultos de Sirex noctilio, a qual se mostrou como uma alternativa viável, pois se baseia em um tamanho variável de amostra, definido em função dos resultados obtidos durante os levantamentos amostrais, resultando em redução do tamanho da amostra, dos custos da atividade e precisão nos resultados. foram também abordados aspectos do parasitismo por Deladenus (Beddingia) siricidicola.

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Gaiad, Débora Cristina Machado, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, Edilson Batista De Oliveira e Susete do Rocio Chiarello Penteado. "EVOLUÇÃO DA INFESTAÇÃO POR Sirex noctilio EM FUNÇÃO DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DIAMÉTRICA EM PLANTIOS DE Pinus taeda". FLORESTA 33, n. 1 (30 aprile 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v33i1.2276.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a evolução do ataque de Sirex noctilio (vespa-da-madeira), em função da distribuição diamétrica em plantios de Pinus taeda desbastados e não desbastados. Os dados utilizados no estudo foram provenientes de um experimento com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições, instalado em três áreas da empresa Klabin-Celucat no estado de Santa Catarina, em parceria com a Embrapa Florestas. Os tratamentos foram aplicados em sub-áreas de 3600 m2 com parcelas amostrais de 400 m2 (20 x 20 m) instaladas no centro de cada sub-área. O delineamento experimental usado foi blocos ao acaso. Foram testados os seguintes tratamentos: (a) T1 - testemunha (sem desbaste); (b) T2 - 25% (4a linha) desbaste sistemático e 10% seletivo nas remanescentes; (c) T3 - 25% sistemático e 20% seletivo; (d) T4 - 25% sistemático e 30% seletivo; (e) T5 - 25% sistemático e 40% seletivo. No desbaste seletivo foram retiradas, preferencialmente, as árvores atacadas, bifurcadas e dominadas. Foram coletadas informações sobre DAP (diâmetro à altura do peito), h (altura total) e condição fitossanitária (sadia ou atacada) das árvores de cada parcela, antes e depois da aplicação de cada tratamento a fim de relacionar a infestação da vespa-da-madeira com o vigor das árvores. Neste estudo concluiu-se que: (a) o desbaste retarda o ritmo de ataque da vespa-da-madeira e pode ser utilizado como medida adicional de controle em um programa de manejo integrado de pragas; (b) o ataque da vespa-da-madeira inicia-se pelas árvores de menor diâmetro e atinge as de maior diâmetro com o aumento da infestação, ocorrendo um deslocamento ascendente no pico de ataque das classes de menor para as de maior diâmetro. EVOLUTION OF Sirex noctilio INFESTATION IN REALTION TO DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION ON Pinus taeda Abstract This paper aimed to analyze the evolution of Sirex noctilio (woodwasps) attack in relation to diameter distribution in thinned and unthinned Pinus taeda stands. The data were collected at Klabin-Celucat Company on a partnership with the National Center of Forest Research from Embrapa. The treatments were set up at 3600 m2 sub-plots with a 400 m2 (20 x 20) sampling area at the center of each sub-plot. The experimental design was randomized blocks. The following treatments were tested: (a) T1 - control (no thinning); (b) T2 - 25% systematic thinning followed by a 10% selective thinning; (c) T3 - 25% systematic thinning followed by a 20% selective thinning; (d) T4 - 25% systematic thinning followed by a 30% selective thinning; T5 - 25% systematic thinning followed by a 40% selective thinning. At the selective thinning were withdraw the attacked, forked and dominated trees. It were taken data on DBH (diameter at breast height), h (total height) and health condition (attacked or not attacked) of trees before and after the treatments implantation, aiming to establish relationship between the woodwasp infestation and tree vigor. It was concluded that: (a) thinning operations delay the rhythm of woodwasp attack and can be used as additional measure of control on an integrated pest management program; (b) the woodwasp attack starts by the trees with smaller diameters and reach the trees with bigger diameter as the infestation rises moving up the peak of attack from smaller classes of diameter towards the higher classes.

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