Tesi sul tema "Simulations de rupture ductile"
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Buljac, Ante. "Compréhension, observation et quantification des mécanismes de rupture ductile par imagerie 3D". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN036/document.
Testo completoIn the last few decades significant efforts have been made in modeling ductile failure processes resulting in substantial progress. However, the full understanding of ductile failure mechanisms under specific stress states still remains an open question. This is partly due to missing experimental data and validation of models for such loading conditions.In this work, data acquisitions are mainly obtained by using laminography, which makes the imaging of regions of interest in flat samples possible. The use of large (and thin) specimens allows various stress states and engineering-relevant boundary conditions to be generated, which could not be assessed in three dimensions and in-situ at micrometer scales before. Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) is used for measuring displacement fields in the bulk of samples by registering 3D laminography images. Two material classes that are representative of two generic modes of ductile failure have been examined, namely, Al-alloys (failure by instability) and cast iron (failure by void growth and coalescence). The observation of microstructure and strain-damage interactions at micrometer resolution for various specimen geometries and associated levels of stress triaxiality are studied for Al-alloys. Additionally, a combined computational-experimental (DVC-FE) framework is introduced to validate numerical simulations at the microscopic scale for nodular graphite cast iron. Finite Element (FE) simulations, which account for the studied material microstructure, are driven by Dirichlet boundary conditions extracted from DVC measurements.Last, the DVC-FE framework is upgraded to an integrated identification procedure to probe elasto-plastic constitutive law of the cast iron ferritic matrix not only in terms of kinematic fields induced by the random microstructure but also by overall load levels
Forster, Charles. "Contribution à l'étude de la rupture ductile des structures élastoplastiques". Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD784.
Testo completoTaherzadehboroujeni, Mehrzad. "Lifetime Estimation for Ductile Failure in Semicrystalline Polymer Pipes". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91901.
Testo completoDoctor of Philosophy
The use of plastic pipes to carry liquids and gases has greatly increased in recent decades, primarily because of their moderate costs, long service lifetimes, and corrosion resistance compared with materials such as corrugated steel and ductile iron. Before these pipes can be effectively used, however, designers need the capability to quickly predict the service lifetime so that they can choose the best plastic material and pipe design for a specific application. This capability also allows manufacturers to modify materials to improve performance. The aim of this study is to develop a combination of experiments and models to quickly predict the service lifetime of plastic pipes. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was chosen as the plastic material on which the model was developed. Several characterization tests are planned and conducted on as-manufactured HDPE pipe segments. The yielding behavior of the material is modeled and the lifetime predictions are evaluated. The predictions are validated by experimental data captured during pipe burst tests conducted in the lab. The results indicate that the method allows the accurate prediction of pipe service lifetimes in excess of 50 years using experiments conducted over approximately 10 days instead of the traditional 13 months, resulting in significant savings in time (and consequently costs) and making it possible to introduce new materials into production more rapidly.
Chen, Youbin. "Modélisation de la rupture ductile par approche locale : simulation robuste de la déchirure". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM038/document.
Testo completoThe major goal of this work is to establish a robust, reliable and efficient modeling technique so as to describe ductile tearing over a distance of several centimeters in industrial cases. The GTN damage model expressed in the context of finite strains is chosen to model ductile damage. Generally, the model leads to strain localization in agreement with experimental observations. The characteristic length scale of this phenomenon is introduced into the constitutive equations through the use of a nonlocal formulation.On a numerical ground, the nonlocal model controls the width of the localization band as soon as the mesh is sufficiently refined. Besides, the issue of volumetric-locking associated with plastic incompressibility is handled using a mixed finite element formulation. Finally, the distortion of broken elements (i.e. without any stiffness), which may affect the computational convergence of numerical simulations, is treated using a viscoelastic regularization.The improved GTN model is applied to simulate crack propagation under small-scale yielding conditions, so as to establish a relation with the global (J-Δa) approach. Crack tip blunting, crack initiation and (large) crack propagation are well captured. The model is also applied to a full-scale metallic pipe in the framework of the UE project Atlas+. After a phase of parameter calibration based on the experimental results on some small specimens, the global and local responses of other small specimens and of the full-scale pre-cracked pipe are compared with the experimental results. The results illustrates the robustness, the reliability and the efficiency of the current model
Benzerga, Ahmed Amine. "Rupture ductile des tôles anisotropes. Simulation de la propagation longitudinale dans un tube pressurisé". Paris, ENMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1067.
Testo completoBude, Jérémie. "Ductile fracture simulation using the strong discontinuity method". Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2243/document.
Testo completoIn the context of loadings criticality analysis, the thesis work have the following objectives : to take into account the underlying phenomena to ductile fracture : the volumetrie (plasticity and damage) and surfacic (fracture) dissipativ mechanisms. We also aim at regularizing the solution with regards to meshing, predicting the transition from a straigh crack propagation to a slant fracture mode observed for certain tests. The chosen method relies on the stron discontinuity method. One of the major challenges of this work is to extend its framework to the ductile fractur modeling framework, by accounting for plasticity and damage in the bulk. The first part of this work is dedicated to th establ'ishment of a model in small strain hypothesis, with a material model that takes into account coupied plasticity an damage in the QUik and a damageable model for the cohesive surfacic behavior. Both modes 1 and Il have been taken int) account in thnumerical examples. Results attesting the regularizing capabilities of the method are presented fo different tests. The second part of this work is dedicated to the formulation of a finite strain mode!, and results showin the good regularizing capabilities of the method are also shown. Both elements have been implemented in FEAP (Finit Element Analysis Program), an academie software developed at UC Berkeley by Taylor, and more recently in the finit element software Abaqus
Bron, Frédéric Charles André. "Déchirure ductile des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium 2024 pour application aéronautique". Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1207.
Testo completoThe purpose of this work is to develop a finite element simulation of ductile tearing of thin sheets in 2024 aluminum alloy. The method is based on the local approach to fracture. Metallurgical observations indicate two rupture mechanisms. If hydrostatic pressure is high, rupture arises by internal necking. In the opposite case, rupture arises by localization of deformation into a 45 degree slanted band. In Kahn and M(T) cracking samples, rupture mechanisms are identical. The simulations are based on an extension of the Rousselier model which includes the description of plastic anisotropy and void nucleation. A new anisotropic yield function is specifically developed. It is an extension of the yield function of Karafillis and Boyce (1993). The model is applied to two grades which have different volume fractions of intermetallic particles. The parameters are adjusted in the case of the high purity material on small specimens. The transferability is checked on large M(T) panels. The transfer to the material containing the highest amount of intermetallic particles is made by modifying the mesh size according to the ratio of the particle mean spacing. The model is used as a numerical tool to investigate the effects of plastic hardening, prestraining and plastic anisotropy on crack growth resistance. It is then possible to give guidelines for material improvement
Dorothy, Hannah Lois. "Modélisation numérique de la rupture ductile dynamique par cisaillement adiabatique et micro-endommagement couplés". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30176/document.
Testo completoHigh strength metallic materials, notably steel and light-weight titanium and aluminium alloys, are widely used in aeronautical and other structures. In case of accidental overload involving high strain rates and quasi adiabatic conditions, these materials are often susceptible to adiabatic shear banding. The adiabatic shear bands (ASB) are intense shear localisation zones resulting from thermomechanical instability and provoking premature material failure. At an advanced stage of the localisation process, the ASBs have been shown to contain micro-voids (MV) which may coalesce to form cracks and ultimately lead to the fracture of the structure. Thus the coupled mechanisms of ASB+MV act as a precursor to catastrophic failure and it is consequently crucial to numerically model their formation and effects when dealing with structures submitted to high loading rates. The ASBs are also observed in industrial applications such as high speed machining where their formation favours the chip serration. A large scale postulate is used herein to obtain a global insight into the structural material response. The shear band cluster is indeed contained/ embedded within the representative volume element (RVE), and not the opposite as usually considered. The objective here is to enrich a model describing the ASB effects by taking into account the consequences of the micro-voiding within the progressive failure process. The effects of ASB and MV initiation and evolution on the RVE (material point) response are double: kinematic, namely a progressive deviation of the plastic flow in the band plane described via specific ASB and MV induced velocity gradients; and material, namely a progressive anisotropic degradation of the elastic and plastic moduli described via ASB and MV induced second order tensor deterioration variables. The ASB onset criterion is derived from the linear perturbation analysis and the MV is activated using a critical value for the local energy release rate. The interest of this advanced constitutive model is emphasised by comparison with an application oriented (1-D) model where D is a scalar damage variable. [...]
Douziech, Jean-Luc. "Comportement et rupture d'un alliage d'aluminium silicium, AS7G03 : application : modélisation du comportement dynamique de support moteur,simulation de crash test". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0638.
Testo completoServeaux, Jérémy. "Rupture ductile d’un conteneur de déchets radioactifs HA soudé et soumis à une corrosion généralisée". Thesis, Troyes, 2019. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03180078.
Testo completoAndra, the French national radioactive waste management agency, is in charge of studying the possibility of disposal of High Level activity Wastes (HLW) in deep geological repository. Andra has planned to encapsulate HLW in non-alloy P285NH steel overpacks before inserting them into horizontal steel cased micro-tunnels called HLW disposal cells. The objective of this PhD is to study the long-term behavior of a welded steel overpack subjected to mechanical loading and generalized corrosion. Several tensile tests have been performed on smooth and notched specimens taken from both base material and welded material. For these materials, an elastoplastic behavior model with mixed nonlinear hardening strongly coupled with ductile isotropic damage and weakly coupled with generalized corrosion is developed. It is formulated based on the classical thermodynamics of irreversible processes framework with state variables at the macroscopic scale assuming the large plastic strains and small elastic strains. The comparisons between numerical and experimental results allow us to be confident in the capability of numerical simulations performed on P285NH to simulate the initiation and propagation of cracks. Finally, the addition of corrosion allows performing multiple simulations on overpacks, subjected to different mechanical loading conditions and corrosion conditions
Xenos, Sokratis. "Porous materials : constitutive modeling and computational issues". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX040.
Testo completoThis work is concerned with the development, calibration, and numerical implementation of a novel fully explicit isotropic, rate-independent, elasto-plastic model for porous metallic materials. The microstructure is assumed to consist of a random, with uniform probability, distribution of randomly oriented spheroidal voids of the same shape. The proposed model is based on earlier homogenization estimates that use a Linear Comparison Composite (LCC) theory. The resulting expressions exhibit the simplicity of the well known Gurson model and, thus, its numerical implementation in a finite element code is straightforward. To assess the accuracy of the analytical model, we carry out detailed finite-strain, three-dimensional finite element (FE) simulations ofrepresentative volume elements (RVEs) with the corresponding microstructures. Properparameter calibration of the model leads to fairly accurate agreement of the analytical predictions with the corresponding FE average stresses and porosity evolution. We show, both analytically and numerically, that the initial aspect ratio of the voids has a significant effect on the homogenized effective response of the porous material leading to extremely soft responses for flat oblate voids (e.g., aspect ratio less than 0.5) especially at high stress triaxialities.Next, we examine the computational issues related to the numerical implementation of rate-independent constitutive models that lead to softening behavior. It is shown analytically that elastic-plastic models based on ``local'' continuum formulations that do not incorporate a characteristic length scale may lead to loss of ellipticity of the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) and mesh-dependent numerical solutions. To remedy the associated numerical problems, we propose an implicit non-local version of the porous model developed in this work which is based on the introductionof a non-local porosity variable determined from the solution of an additional PDE. We show both analytically and numerically that the regularized version of the model allows for preservation of the elliptic properties of the governing equations yielding mesh-independent, converged solutions in the post-bifurcation regime. The bifurcation point (i.e., strain-to-localization) is found to be highly dependent on the micro-void's shape, with very flat voids (e.g., aspect ratio less than 0.3) leading to lower localization strains. The material length introduced by the non-local formulation is found tohave minimal effect on the predicted bifurcation point, only affecting the post-bifurcation gradient of the macroscopic stress-strain curve and the size of the highly strained zone in the structure.In the last part of this study, both the local and the non-local versions of the model are efficiently implemented in a commercial finite element code (ABAQUS). The models are used for the numerical solution of boundary value problems (BVPs) related to forming and ductile fracture processes under both quasi-static and dynamic conditions. In particular, the industrially relevant problems of Hole expansion (HET) and Charpy impact (CVN) test, the cup-and-cone fracture phenomenon as well as ductile fracture of a specimen with complex geometry and comparison with corresponding experimentalresults are analyzed in detail. Numerical predictions in all cases indicate that ductility is an increasing function of the void shape parameter and materials comprising flat oblate voids of low aspect ratio exhibit early macroscopic crack initiation and propagation compared to materials with spherical/almost spherical voids. Finally, the model's capability to reproduce experimental results with sufficient accuracy suggests that it can be utilized to provide predictions with only a small amount of parameters that may be calibrated from either micromechanics calculations or experimental data
Bron, Frédéric. "Déchirure ductile des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium 2024 pour application aéronautique". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00161432.
Testo completoUn nouveau critère de plasticité anisotrope est spécifiquement développé. Il s'agit d'une extension du critère de Karafillis et Boyce (1993). Le modèle est appliqué à deux nuances dont la teneur en particules intermétalliques est différente. Les paramètres sont ajustés sur de petites éprouvettes pour le matériau à haute pureté. La transférabilité est vérifiée sur les grands panneaux M(T). Le transfert vers le matériau ayant la plus forte teneur en particules intermétalliques est fait en modifiant la taille de maille dans le même rapport que l'espacement inter-particules. Le modèle est utilisé comme un outil numérique afin d'étudier les effets de la loi d'écrouissage, d'une pré-traction ou de l'anisotropie plastique sur la résistance à la propagation de fissure. Il est alors possible de proposer des voies d'amélioration du matériau.
Ling, Chao. "Simulation de la rupture ductile intragranulaire des aciers irradiés. Effets de l'anisotropie cristalline et du gradient de déformations". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM018/document.
Testo completoIrradiation causes drastic modifications of mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels and a decrease in the fracture toughness with irradiation has been observed. Ductile fracture due to void growth and coalescence remains one dominant fracture mechanism for doses in the range of 0-10 dupa. Voids may have different origins : nucleated at inclusions or irradiation-induced precipitates during mechanical loading, or produced directly by irradiation. The present work is to investigate ductile fracture of irradiated steels due to growth and coalescence of intragranulaire voids. Based on continuum crystal plasticity theory, FE simulations are performed on unit cells for studying effects of lattice orientation and stress triaxiality on void growth and coalescence. The influence of post-irradiation hardening/softening on void growth ans coalescence is evaluated with a physically based crystal plasticity model. Besides, an elastoviscoplastic model at finite strains is proposed to describe void growth up to coalescence in single crystals, and is assessed based unit cell simulations. The model is then applied to simulate ductile damage in single crystals ans polycrystals. As voids in irradiated steels may have different origins, they may have different sizes, which potentially have an influence on ductile fracture process and fracture toughness of irradiated steels. In order to assess the size effect, a micromorphic crystal plasticity model is proposed and applied to simulate growth and coalescence of intragranular voids of different sizes
Kahziz, Mouhcine. "Étude expérimentale et numérique des mécanismes d'endommagement ductile et rupture des bords découpés des aciers avancés pour l'automobile". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0051/document.
Testo completoThe mechanical properties of automotive structures made of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) is often seen reduced by the presence of cut edges. Here this phenomenon is investigated for ferrite-bainite steel (FB600) and martensite ferrite steel (DP600), the latter having higher work hardening and phase hardness gradient than FB600.Damage micromechanisms for these two base materials were assessed using in situ synchrotron tomography, in situ SEM and SEM on cross sections. It was revealed for the DP600 steel that damage nucleated from particles and ferrite-martensite interfaces. In addition, needle shaped voids, that are consistent with the presence of segregation lines, were seen. For the FB steel, the same observations hold true except that the decohesion on interfaces sets in at higher strains. Quantitative image analysis also showed that the initial number of voids and the number of nucleating voids was higher for DP steel than for FB steel which was also seen to be more damage tolerant.Punched and machined edges made of DP600 and FB600 steel were mechanically loaded during in situ laminography testing. It was found that the fracture zone of the punched edge was rough and that needle-shape voids at the surface and in the bulk followed material flow lines. During mechanical in situ testing the needle voids grew from the fracture zone surface and coalesced with the sheared zone. In contrast, for the machined edge the damage started away from the edge (~ 800 microns) where substantial necking has occurred. Three-dimensional image analysis was performed to quantify the initial damage and its evolution. The FB600 was more resistant to cut edges than the DP600 steel.3D elasto-plastic FE calculations were carried out to investigate mechanical fields, potentially affected by the edge profile and pre-hardening profile. These parameters were not found to substantially modify the mechanical fields. Finally, axisymmetric 2D simulations for hole expansion were carried out for different sheet thicknesses using a post-treated damage evaluation calibrated on in-situ tomography data
Davaze, Valentin. "Modélisation numérique de l'amorçage et la propagation des fissures dans les tôles métalliques ductiles pour les simulations de crash". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM060.
Testo completoIn the event of a car crash, parts made of metal sheets are subjected to failure. Failure of ductile materials is currentlynot reliably predicted in an industrial context, involving additional costs and delays in the design process. This issue isthen addressed in this Ph.D thesis work of the PSA Group carried out in collaboration with Onera and the Centre des Matériaux. The aim of this work is to develop and implement a reliable numerical strategy for crack prediction using the Finite Element Method (FE) in automotive crash simulations. A first part of this work consists in characterizing and then modelling the plastic and fracture behavior of a representative ductile material: the DP450 steel sheets. To do so, tests are performed over a wide range of loading rates, stress triaxialities, and at different temperatures. From the obtained results,a numerical constitutive model is built by taking into account the different observed phenomena influencing crack initiationand propagation: plasticity, strain-rate effects and damage. The constitutive model thus enables to take into account mostof the observed phenomena. However, the use of softening models for modelling damage and thermal effects at highloading rate leads to a pathological dependence of the results on the mesh size and the mesh orientation. This problem issolved by the implementation of a non-local regularization method adapted to dynamic explicit computations. A non-localvariable is then computed through the enrichment of finite elements (continuum and shell). It is therefore treated as a new degree of freedom, which facilitates the exchange of data between the elements while preserving the parallelizationof the code. This variable is then introduced into the constitutive equations, allowing to obtain mesh independent results.The validation of the proposed approach is finally realized through the simulation of experimental results
Chen, Jianqiang. "Déchirure ductile des tôles en alliages d'aluminium-lithium 2198 pour application aéronautique". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657028.
Testo completoMbarek, Imen Asma. "Étude dynamique pour définition d'aciers de blindage innovants contre les explosions". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0189.
Testo completoThe main aim of this PhD thesis is to develop a comprehensive study of the dynamic behavior of three armor steels subjected to ballistic impact. In order to have better understanding of the phenomena which take place during the thin targets perforation process, characterization experiments allowing to describe of the thermo-viscoplastic behavior and fracture were carried out. The identification of the constitutive relations and the failure criteria parameters allow to establish a numerical model simulating the perforation test. The ballistic response of armor steels subjected to the impact of conical projectiles was then assessed using perforation testing. This experimental investigation aims at endorsing the implementation of the behavior and fracture models in the calculation software. An experimental set-up for perforation forces measurements was specially developed during the thesis. It has been found that this dynamic force measurement is not intrinsic to the target material. It is rather dependent on the structural response of the used set-up support-target during impact and perforation. The numerical results from the Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) were compared to the experimental data and good agreement was found in terms of ballistic curves, failure patterns, impact forces and energy balance. Numerical investigations show that only an accurate description of the mechanical behavior and the fracture allows a good prediction of the ballistic performances of armor steels. Close attention was paid to the influence of local stress triaxiality induced by the projectile nose shape, strain rate and temperature on the strain to fracture threshold. In the future, these investigations can be used in the behavior analysis of armor steels subjected to blast loading
Lin, Jian. "Modélisation numérique de l’endommagement des matériaux poreux ductiles et application aux géomatériaux". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10143/document.
Testo completoThis study is devoted to the numerical modeling of damage for ductile porous materials and its applications to geomaterials. We first recall and analyze in chapter 1 different approaches of ductile damage. We then propose in chapter 2 a model based on the isotropic Gurson-type macroscopic criterion established by Monchietet al.(2007). This model is implemented numerically in ABAQUS Finite Element software. The good performance of this new model is checked by comparing its numerical predictions with the ones provided by other Gurson-type models. In chapter 3, numerical modelings are performed for geomaterials by implementing an appropriate model (based on Guo et al.(2008) criterion) in ABAQUS. The adequacy of the considered model to geomaterials is demonstrated through the study of a chalk. The numerical implementation and analysis of an anisotropic model based on the anisotropic version of the criterion proposed by Monchiet et al.(2007) are presented in chapter 4. The numerical results derived from this implementation are discussed with the results of others existing models. They appear to be quite satisfactory
Do, Xuan Nam. "Localized failure in dynamics for brittle and ductile materials". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2356.
Testo completoFailure of engineering materials and structures can be considered as a result of a complex interplay between different physical phenomena such as nucleation of cavities, microcracks,microvoids and other irreversible processes. These micro-defects eventually coalesce into one or more macro-cracks leading to a decrease in the load-bearing capability and finally, to failure of the structure under consideration. Prevention of failure of structures and structural parts has always been a critical subject and a major concern in engineering. This thesis aims to represent localized failure in non linear materials without mesh dependency. Of special interest will be the case of dynamic strain-softening. Localized phenomena are taken into account by using the embedded strong discontinuities approach in which the displacement field is enhanced to capture the discontinuity. Based upon this approach, a one-dimensional model for elasto-plastic bar capable of representing failure for ductile materials with combined hardening in FPZ-fracture process zone and softening with embedded strong discontinuities was first developed. Results comparing the proposed one-dimensional model to (semi-) analytical works are presented. It was shown that the proposed strategy provides mesh independent solutions. Strain increases in the softening domain with a simultaneous decrease of stress. The problem unloads elastically outside the strain softening region. The strain energy is found to vanish. The model was also compared with a one dimensional damage model capable of representing the dynamic fracture for elasto-damage bar with combined hardening in fracture process zone - FPZ and softening with strong embedded discontinuities to find a good agreement between two models. A two-dimensional finite element model was developed, capable of describing both the diffuse damage mechanism accompanied by initial strain hardening and subsequent softening response of the structure. The results of several numerical simulations, performed on classical mechanical tests under slowly increasing loads such as Brazilian test or three-point bending test were analyzed. The proposed dynamics framework is shown to increase computational robustness. It was found that the final direction of macro-cracks is predicted quite well and that influence of inertia effects on the obtained solutions is fairly modest especially in comparison among different meshes. This two-dimensional model was expanded further into the two dimensional continuum viscodamage-embedded discontinuity model to help briefly explore the implementation of the second order mid-point scheme that can provide improved results under limitation of viscous regularization of localized failure damage model
Benabbes, Anouar. "Approches micromécaniques de la compaction de poudres et de la rupture ductile des matériaux incluant le 3me invariant des contraintes". Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001118.pdf.
Testo completoThe thesis encompasses two research topics, namely, the micromechanical modeling of powder compaction and the local approach of ductile fracture of materials. The former part of the report is dealing with the kinematic approach of the yield design homogenization method which is used to obtain upper bounds of macroscopic strength criteria for powder compact. To this end, the granular medium is considered as a medium consisting of a periodic assembly of hexagonal cells. Firstly, a « primitive» unit cell consisting of a circular cylinder in which a grain is circumscribed is used in finite element analysis that provides insight into modes of deformation of grain. Secondly, eight relevant failure mechanisms for unit cells with appropriate geometries allow to obtain external estimates of macroscopic yield surfaces. The calculations are performed for both isostatic and closed die compression. The results thus obtained are compared with those provided by finite element calculations. The later part of the report, an elastoplastic constitutive model for porous materials based on the criterion of McElwain et al. (2006) is successfully implemented in Abaqus. This criterion has the peculiarity to account of the third invariant of stress. The necking of a cylindrical smooth bar, the tensile notched bar and the shear plane strain problem have been numerically simulated using this recent model and the results are compared with those derived from GTN model
Gachet, Jean-Marie. "Intégration de la phase de mise en forme dans le dimensionnement de flasques de sièges automobile". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00907736.
Testo completoNguyen, Thai Ha. "Prédiction de la non-rupture fragile dans un joint soudé en acier C-Mn dans le domaine de la transition fragile/ductile". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578811.
Testo completoRen, Sicong. "Mesures de champs et simulations par élément finis de l'interaction entre vieillissement dynamique et endommagement dans les alliages métalliques". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM001/document.
Testo completoRecently, in-situ observations by X-ray laminography (at synchrotron) show that the multiple localization bands are the precursors of damage and possibly the slant fracture. These bands can be related to the strain ageing effect (L"uders or Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC)) whose influence on the fracture is still poorly understood. These effects are observed in many industrial alloys such as 2000 or 5000 series aluminium alloys, or, for example, in the C-Mn steels for which a ductility drop is observed in the temperature range where these effects are most pronounced.The aim of the thesis is to characterize the PLC effect and to evaluate its influence on the development of ductile damage and therefore on the final fracture. Firstly, the influence of strain ageing on strain hardening was introduced in a model based on the dislocation density using results from the literature. Secondly, several 2000 series aluminium alloys and a C-Mn steel were investigated by mechanical tests combined with Digital Image Correlation. The premature triggering of localization bands was observed in tensile tests involving relaxation, unloading and strain rate jump for certain aluminium alloys. The bands around the notch in the specimens of C-Mn steel were observed at high temperature. Two different modes of fracture were observed at the two temperatures. These results are compared with those produced with the KEMC model. Thirdly, a constitutive model combining the strain ageing (type KEMC) and damage (type Rousselier) was developed in order to explain the experimentally observed interactions between these two phenomena
Goldspiegel, Fabien. "Simulation numérique du procédé de clouage grande-vitesse pour l'assemblage de matériaux hybrides". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM028/document.
Testo completoLightweigthing structures using mixed material components have become one of the main target of automotive industry’s future. Among the joining processes under exploration, the present work focuses on High-Speed Nailing. Experimental campaigns are conducted under laboratory conditions on layers superposition made of cast aluminium, dual-phase steels DP780 and DP1180. Joining kinematics, sheets fracture modes, reaction the nail insertion and nailed-joint strengths are investigated in various conditions of experiment. Material models are chosen to account for the dynamic and fracture phenomena exhibit by materials in the joining stage. Mechanical tests are performed on nail and sheets materials under different strain-rates and stress-states and used as references for the calibration procedure. A finite element model of the joining stage is built; its sensitivity to mesh size, friction and material formulation is evaluated and its limitations captured by either inappropriate joining pressure setting or nail brittleness. After a new equilibrium is reached, the nailed-joint is tested through cross-tension and sheartension simulations to tackle the prediction of in-service properties
Homsi, Moaz. "Simulation de la découpe des métaux par un modèle de déchirure ductile, à l'aide de techniques de remaillage". Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD850.
Testo completoTanguy, Benoit. "Modélisation de l'essai charpy par l'approche locale de la rupture : application au cas de l'acier 16MND5 dans le domaine de transition". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005651.
Testo completoCette étude contribue à l'établissement du passage résilience-ténacité dans le domaine de transition de l'acier de cuve 16MND5 à partir d'une approche non-empirique basée sur l'approche locale de la rupture. La rupture fragile est décrite par le modèle Beremin (1983), qui permet de décrire la dispersion inhérente à ce mode de rupture. La description de la déchirure ductile est réalisée par le modèle GTN (1984) et le modèle Rousselier (1986). Ce dernier modèle a été modifié afin d'obtenir une description réaliste de l'endommagement ductile dans le cas de sollicitations rapides et d'échauffement locaux.
La méthode proposée pour déterminer les paramètres des modèles d'endommagement s'appuie uniquement sur des essais sur éprouvettes entaillées et les données inclusionnaires du matériau. Le comportement est décrit par une formulation originale paramétrée en température qui permet de décrire l'ensemble des essais réalisés dans cette étude. Avant d'appliquer cette méthodologie, une étude expérimentale du comportement et des modes de rupture de l'acier 16MND5 a été effectuée. A partir des essais de résilience en conditions quasi-statiques et dynamiques, il a été mis en évidence que cet acier ne présentait pas de décalage important de sa courbe de résilience dû à l'effet de vitesse. Dans le domaine de la transition, des échauffements locaux de l'ordre de 150°C ont été mesurés en fond d'entaille, ainsi que des déformations plastiques supérieures à 100 %.
Après une étude fractographique permettant l'identification de la nature des sites à l'origine du déclenchement du clivage, l'étude numérique montre, notamment, l'effet de l'échauffement adiabatique et de la prise en compte de la germination de cavités autour d'une seconde population de particules (carbures) sur la déchirure ductile. L'application de la méthodologie proposée permet de décrire les données de résilience jusqu'à des énergies moyennes de l'ordre de 70 J, englobant les indices TK28 et TK 68. Au delà, il faut introduire une faible dépendance apparente de la contrainte du clivage avec la température. D'autre part, l'évolution de la ténacité peut être décrite jusqu'à des valeurs moyennes de 170 MPa?m sans introduire de dépendance de la contrainte de clivage avec la température.
Delmotte, Joël. "Modélisation numérique de la déchirure ductile en milieu bidimensionnel à l'aide d'une approche locale : simulation des courbes de résistance à la fissuration". Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD451.
Testo completoCaisso, Camille. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la rupture dans le domaine de la transition ductile-fragile de matériaux tubulaires utilisés dans la fabrication de générateurs de gaz pour airbags". Thesis, Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ENTA0014.
Testo completoThis work deals with the characterization of the ductile and brittle failure mechanisms of tubular materials used for the manufacture of airbag gas generators. During a crash, airbag cushion is inflated in a few milliseconds by a gas generator. In case of gas generator failure, a ductile failure mode must be ensured up to temperatures of -60°C. A Charpy ring test has been proposed to quantify the risk of brittle failure of gas generator materials. However, this modification of the Charpy test raises two issues: to what extent does this test allow to characterize the ductile-fragile transition and how can the risk of brittle failure of an operating gas generator be deduced from the results of the Charpy test? To answer these questions, an approach combining experiments and numerical simulations was implemented. Various experimental configurations were developed in order to characterize material behavior and ductile damage. The ductile failure is modeled with a local approach. Then, ductile to brittle transition was characterized by a Charpy ring test campaign performed for temperatures between -160°C and 23°C. A numerical study of this test was carried out. Coupled with the Charpy tests, it allowed to set up a model of the brittle failure. The risk of gas generators brittle failure is finally evaluated. The influence of the manufacturing process on the risk of brittle failure was also studied
Aslan, Ozgur. "Simulation numérique de la fissuration par fatigue dans les monocristaux de superalliages à base de nickel". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00540893.
Testo completoBarbier, Damien. "Étude de la sensibilité aux gradients thermiques de billettes lors des opérations de réchauffage". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0040/document.
Testo completoAs part of the piercing operations, billets undergo a reheating process from room temperature to a temperature of about 1250°C. During this heating, the thermal gradient in the billet leads to a deterioration of the axial health and is responsible of the initiation ofdefects on the formed tube.A methodology for the analysis of the mechanisms at the origin of these defects has been established. It is based on first, the characterization of the axial health with hot rheological tests to establish some indicators of ductility and second, on metallurgical analyses to identify the internal defects.Then finite element simulations have been performed to study the thermo-mechanical loadings induced by heating. Critical solicitation zones of the product during the processes have been identified.Finally a characterization of the observed defects into the billets has been led coupling cracks growth tests and X-FeM numerical simulations. The implementation of the experimental stress failure criterion, in the simulation of the heating cycle allows to obtain good values of thermal gradient boundary curves and leads to optimal heating curves.The analysis shows that the conditions at the beginning of the reheating process have a strong influence on the axial health of the billets. The results of these studies lead to friendly industrial solutions for improving productivity
Barrioz, Pierre-Olivier. "Rupture ductile des matériaux CFC irradiés". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN001/document.
Testo completoThe failure mode of FCC alloys is generally ductile through nucleation, growth and coalescence of micrometric voids, and can be modified by irradiation. Neutron irradiation of these alloys leads to the creation of crystalline defects that induce hardening, loss of work hardening capability, a very large drop in fracture toughness and a heterogeneous deformation mode at the grain scale. Understanding the elementary physical mechanisms of ductile fracture is essential for the development of quantitative models to predict fracture toughness of irradiated FCC materials. Thus, in this thesis, three different subjects have been studied. (1) Influence of the localization of deformation induced by irradiation on void growth and coalescence: Model experiments of growth and coalescence of micrometric voids in proton-irradiated materials have been performed based on SEM in-situ tests. Results show a limited effect of localization for grain-size voids and a decreasing influence of localization with increasing level of deformation for intragranular voids, so that homogenized models of porous materials developed for unirradiated materials may be used as a first approximation to model the ductile fracture of irradiated materials. (2) The behavior under mechanical loading of nanovoids generated under irradiation and their possible contribution to fracture: The experimental and numerical study of void deformation in a nanoporous material highlights the very strong heterogeneity of the deformation at this scale and the absence of significant size effect for voids of diameter greater than 10 nm under tensile loading. (3) Development of homogenized models for porous materials valid at high porosities: Two new coalescence criteria obtained by limit analysis are proposed and validated by comparison with numerical limit analysis simulations, in the case of penny-shaped cracks and ellipsoidal voids
Delafosse, David. "Couplage thermomécanique et vieillissement : dynamique en rupture ductile". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0399.
Testo completoEnakoutsa, Koffi. "Modèles non locaux en rupture ductile des métaux". Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01492088.
Testo completoIn the first part, one assess the practical hability of two proposals of modolfication of the Gurson model to circumvent the problem of unlimited strain and damage localization in this model. The assessment of the model is based on two criteria, absence of mesh size effect in finish elements computations and agreement of experimental and numerical results for some typical ductile fracture tests. The first proposal consisted of adopting some nonlocal evolution equation for the porosity involving some convolution integral. The second proposal is an extension of Gurson's condition of homogeneous boundary strain rate, to the case of conditions of inhomogeneous boundary strain rate. In the second part, one define a model for porous ductile material containing two "populations" of cavities, extending that of Perrin et al. (2000) to the case where continuous nucleation of secondary small voids is taking into account
Delafosse, David. "Couplage thermodynamique et vieillissement dynamique en rupture ductile /". Châtillon : Office national d'études et de recherches aérospatiales, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35837286v.
Testo completoGologanu, Mihai. "Etude de quelques problemes de rupture ductile des metaux". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066661.
Testo completoBlouin, Arnaud. "Rupture des liaisons bimétalliques dans la transition fragile-ductile". Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs (Saint-Etienne), 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENISE025.
Testo completoThe integrity of a structure is confirmed when, for all the operating conditions, nominal or accidental, the structure is able to achieve its mechanical functions, during its whole life cycle. For the most sensitive components, the nuclear safety authority requires conventional defects such as cracks to be considered within the design phase in order to ensure that these structures are tolerant to large defects. This thesis contributes to the demonstration of the main coolant line integrity of the EPR, the latest generation of reactor developed by AREVA. This piping system is composed of different materials and dissimilar metal welds (DMW) are needed. To demonstrate the fracture resistance of those welds taking into account large defects is part of the design process, as well as its validation and the demonstration of the integrity. To reach this goal, a probabilistic model, handy for industrials, is used. The first interest of this model is that it is possible to determine its parameters with tests on laboratory specimens and apply it directly to a structure case in the brittle to ductile transition. For that purpose, two cracks are considered, one in the ferritic base metal pipe of the main coolant line and another one located at the DMW. First, fracture tests are performed on specimens to better understand the fracture resistance of the weld. Then, based on finite elements analyzes, fracture probability occurrence of the DMW is compared to the one of the ferritic pipe, also sensitive to cleavage because of its metallurgical structure. Finally, this comparison shows that, for an equivalent mechanical loading, the DMW has a much better fracture resistance than the base metal pipe
Barsoum, Imad. "Ductile failure and rupture mechanisms in combined tension and shear". Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4064.
Testo completoTrillat, Malorie. "Analyse limite : application à la rupture ductile des matériaux poreux". Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS045.
Testo completoThis thesis concerns the study of the yield criterion of the porous materials using the homogeneization, the limit analysis and the interior point optimization. The yield criterion of a porous material using Gurson's model, the most widely accepted for such materials in elasto-platic codes, is investigated. The Gurson model idealizes the porous material as a single cavity in a homothetic cell composed of a rigid plastic Mises material, called the Representative Volume Element (RVE) in the following. In this model, the cavities don't have any interactions or coalescence. Then we use the two limit analysis approaches, via a discretization of the model in finite elements. They lead to non-linear optimization problems, solved either by two commercial (???j'ai change le “cormmecial”)codes, XA or MOSEK, both optimization codes based on so-called interior point methods. For porous materials with cylindrical cavities, the Gurson criterion appears to be insufficient. In the generalized plane strain case, an analytical expression of this true criterion must take the form of a function of the loading parameters, at least in a three-dimensional representation. Conversely, for a porous material with spherical cavities, a full 3D model is worked out. The Gurson approach is slightly improved and, for the first time, it is validated by our rigorous static and kinematic approaches. The study of a RVE with 35 cylindrical random cavities confirms a bimodal criterion in generalized plane strain. In plane stress loading, the RVE is not representative. A nonlinear interior point method for solving stress based upper bound problems is proposed. To solve the problem, we used a convex optimizer, written on Matlab, developed at CORE (Centre of Operation Research and Econometrics) of Louvain la Neuve in Belgium. Assuming a linear, continuous or discontinuous virtual velocity field, the method appears to be efficient and general. This method is straightforward, needing only the yield criterion as information on the material
Papasidero, Jessica. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la rupture ductile sous chargement multiaxial". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00945367.
Testo completoShakoor, Modesar. "Modélisation numérique tridimensionnelle des mécanismes de rupture ductile à l'échelle microscopique". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM049/document.
Testo completoThe present PhD thesis aims at a better understanding and modeling of ductile fracture during the forming of metallic materials. These materials are typically formed using series of thermomechanical loads where many parameters such as loading type and direction vary. Predictive numerical tools are necessary to model fracture mechanisms, and then optimize production costs.Ductile fracture in metallic materials is the result of a progressive deterioration of their load carrying capacity due to the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of microscopic voids. In this work, a micromechanical approach is developed in order to conduct realistic full field finite element simulations of ductile fracture at the microscale. Meshing and remeshing methods relying on the use of Level-Set functions are proposed to discretize the microstructure. Thanks to these methods, the geometric properties of Level-Set functions are preserved, as well as the volume and morphology of each component of the microstructure, even at large plastic strains. These numerical methods are extended to account for cracks and model the failure of some components of the microstructure, or interfaces between them. A new contact detection method based on mesh adaptation is also developed.The interest of these numerical developments and micromechanical models is first demonstrated at the scale of representative volume elements with statistically generated microstructures. Then, a new methodology is proposed to conduct simulations of real microstructures observed via in-situ X-ray laminography, with boundary conditions that are measured using digital volume correlation techniques
Iung, Thierry. "Propagation rapide et arrêt des fissures dans les aciers pour gazoducs : rupture par clivage et rupture ductile". Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0496.
Testo completoMarie, Stéphane. "Approche énergétique de la déchirure ductile". Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2260.
Testo completoBauvineau, Laurent. "Approche locale de la rupture ductile : application à un acier carbone-manganèse". Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0794.
Testo completoFlandi, Laïla. "Rupture ductile des matériaux viscoplastiques poreux avec effets de forme des cavités". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066116.
Testo completoPerrin, Gilles. "Contribution a l'etude theorique et numerique de la rupture ductile des metaux". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EPXX0017.
Testo completoRobin, Vincent. "DE LA MODELISATION NUMERIQUE DES PROCEDES ET DU SOUDAGE EN PARTICULIER AU COMPORTEMENT MECANIQUE DES ASSEMBLAGES". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711313.
Testo completoSiruguet, Karine. "Rupture ductile à basse triaxialité : effet des inclusions sur la croissance et la coalescence des cavités". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066591.
Testo completoJeon, Kyeonglak. "Rupture en mode mixte I+II de l'acier inoxydable austénitique 316L". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0278.
Testo completoCourt, Germain. "Prévision objective de la rupture ductile en grandes déformations sous sollicitation dynamique : Modèle d’épuisement plastique à taux limités". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00341991/fr/.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to propose a robust modelling for ductile materials allowing the performance of numerical simulations up to failure without mesh dependency. The approach relies on model with bounded rate variable (time localization limiter) : failure is considered as a high dynamic phenomenon and models with bounded rate aim at controlling this dynamic effect. A model dedicated to ductile failure is proposed and allows simulating accurately with finite strain approach (necking) both crack initiation and crack propagation of metallic structures dynamically solicited. The main advantage of the model is that it is local and also leads to standard F. E. Code development. The main drawback is that a dynamic resolution is required, at least for the failure process. Simulations in plane stress performed with ABAQUS/Explicit and with the enhanced model confirm the theoretical conclusions and the capabilities of the model to provide results without mesh dependency (mesh size and mesh orientation specifically). It is possible to identify a set of parameters thanks to comparisons between those simulations and test results of test coupon with hole, subjected to a dynamic loading, filmed with a high speed camera and analyzed by digital image correlation. The capacity of the model to provide predictive simulations up to failure is then illustrated with comparison between numerical and test results of test coupons without hole
Gouair, Hassan. "Approche probabiliste de la rupture fragile et ductile à grandes vitesses de déformations". Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Gouair.Hassan.SMZ9434.pdf.
Testo completoIn this work we have examined fracture initiations mechanisms on notches under dynamic loadings. Two kinds of fractures where examined : the brittle fracture of a glass and a molybdenum alloy TZM and the ductile fracture of a XC18 steel. Our work point out the interest of using notched specimens instead of craked specimens for fracture toughness evaluation and justifies the notch stress intensity factor approach. We have observed that the fracture mecanisms under static and dynamic loads are the same. However we have noticed an increase in the scattering of results in both types of fracture. This increase is explained by the multiactivation mecanism of structure defects. We have particulary shown this point for ductile fracture by observation of the number of cavity per fractured area. To solve this problem we have developped a microstatistic approach. Two possibilities are available : the numer of activated defects is unknown and a microstatistic model allows to know this number per volume unit from phenomenological results, the number of activated defects is experimentaly obtained and microstatistic allows to forsee phenomenological results. We have followed this approach in the case of ductile fracture of a steel. These two approaches although elementary got us promising results