Bibliografie tematiche / Simulation de trafic routier

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 12 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Champion, Alexis, Jean-Michel Auberlet, René Mandiau, Stéphane Espié e Christophe Kolski. "Simulation comportementale du trafic routier en intersection Un mécanisme de résolution de conflit". Recherche - Transports - Sécurité 28, n. 100 (30 settembre 2008): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rts.100.185-194.

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Doniec, Arnaud, René Mandiaud, Stéphane Espié e Sylvain Piechowiak. "Comportements anticipatifs dans les systèmes multi-agents. Application à la simulation de trafic routier". Revue d'intelligence artificielle 21, n. 2 (12 aprile 2007): 183–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/ria.21.183-221.

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-MANDIAU, René. "Coordination multi-agent basée sur les jeux : application à la simulation de trafic routier". Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, n. 02 (2005): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.2005.012.

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Galand, Stéphane, Flavien Balbo, Gauthier Picard, Olivier Boissier, Nicolas Gaud e Sebastian Rodriguez. "Environnement multidimensionnel pour contextualiser les interactions des agents. Application à la simulation du trafic routier urbain". Revue d'intelligence artificielle 30, n. 1-2 (28 aprile 2016): 81–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/ria.30.81-108.

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Planchon, Florent, Daniel Delahaye e Claude Tougard. "Emissions polluantes et trafic routier". Études Normandes 48, n. 1 (1999): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/etnor.1999.2392.

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RICORDEL, S., L. DEDIEU, D. ASTRIE, R. TRAMOY, B. TASSIN e J. GASPERI. "Macrodéchets et déchets plastiques issus du trafic routier". 6 6, n. 6 (20 giugno 2022): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202206053.

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Les impacts négatifs des déchets dispersés dans l’environnement sont soulignés depuis des décennies, mais peu de données de terrain sont disponibles dans la littérature scientifique. Les eaux pluviales peuvent contribuer de façon importante à la propagation et à l’accumulation de débris plastiques dans l’environnement. Toutefois, peu de données existent sur les flux et la composition des macrodéchets dans les eaux pluviales, y compris les débris plastiques. Afin de combler ce manque de connaissances, cette étude a pour objectif d’étudier l’occurrence, l’abondance et la composition des macrodéchets issus du trafic routier. Pour y répondre, les macrodéchets, dont les débris plastiques, ont été collectés dans un bassin de rétention des eaux pluviales drainant une portion du périphérique nantais pendant une année. Cette portion correspond à la partie sud du pont de Cheviré qui présente un trafic important (~90 000 véhicules/jour en moyenne). Les macrodéchets sont triés et classés selon la classification Ospar/TG-ML. En un an, 88,5 kg de débris ont été collectés. Au total, les plastiques correspondent à 60 % de la masse de déchets récoltés. Ces déchets plastiques sont surtout des fragments, des mégots et filtres de cigarettes, ainsi que des morceaux de polystyrène. Une identification des sources de rejets a été réalisée en différenciant les déchets jetés volontairement (37,2 %), des déchets perdus accidentellement (62,8 %), parmi les 43 % de déchets pour lesquels cette différenciation était possible. La masse de déchets collectée est fortement corrélée au trafic. Ces résultats démontrent que les routes peuvent avoir une contribution importante dans les fuites de déchets, y compris les plastiques, vers les environnements récepteurs.

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Gillaizeau, Florence, Medhi Danech-Pajouh e Jean-Claude Pierrelée. "Prévision qualitative du trafic routier par régression logistique". Recherche - Transports - Sécurité 23, n. 93 (30 dicembre 2006): 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rts.93.295-315.

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Nagel, Kai, e Christopher L. Barrett. "Using Microsimulation Feedback For Trip Adaptation For Realistic Traffic In Dallas". International Journal of Modern Physics C 08, n. 03 (giugno 1997): 505–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183197000412.

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This paper presents a day-to-day re-routing relaxation approach for traffic simulations. Starting from an initial planset for the routes, the route- based microsimulation is executed. The result of the microsimulation is fed into a re-router, which re-routes a certain percentage of all trips. This approach makes the traffic patterns in the microsimulation much more reasonable. Further, it is shown that the method described in this paper can lead to strong oscillations in the solutions.

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-GROS, Jean-Paul. "Gestion du trafic routier et des terminaux de péage". Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, n. 02 (1995): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.1995.022.

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Susueno, Hendra Bayu, Imam Tri Wibowo, Siti Ummi Masruroh, Dewi Khairani e I’im Umamil Khoiri. "Analisis Routing Protocol Is-Is Dengan MPLS Traffic Engineering Menggunakan GNS3". Jurnal Ilmiah FIFO 13, n. 1 (20 dicembre 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/fifo.2021.v13i1.004.

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In the digital era is , the internet becomes a necessity . the increasing number of internet usage by various parties encourages ISPs to improve their service quality . To overcome the problem the IETF has introduced a service Multiprotcol . MPLS-TE allows for schemes TE where the tip router of the label switched path (LSP) can calculate the many routes efficiently through the network to the router tip of the tail of the LSP. TE consists of three steps principal that is the size , model, and control . MPLS-TE allows for schemes TE where the tip router of the label switched path (LSP) can calculate the many routes efficiently through the network to the router tip of the tail of the LSP. ISIS is one of the routing protocol that was created for the OSI mode, using the method of link state as a method of collecting the route , ISIS also will perform the collection of information and the status of all the links that exist in the network . Analysis of the IS-IS routing protocol with the Multiprotocol label switch Traffic Engineering based on the parameters of quality of service (QoS), namely throughput and packet loss where the simulation uses the GNS3 network emulator. The test results prove that the values of throughput and packet loss are not much different.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Sulface, Allain. "Simulation du trafic routier et communication inter-véhicules". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28507/28507.pdf.

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Moreau, Guillaume. "Modelisation du comportement pour la simulation interactive : application au trafic routier multimodal". Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN10123.

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Les modeles comportementaux offrent la possibilite de simuler des entites autonomes comme des organismes vivants ou des etres humains. Des etudes psychologiques ont montre que le comportement humain peut etre decompose en une boucle perception-decision-action, dans laquelle le processus decisionnel est, en termes informatiques, temps-reel, et constitue d'activites concurrentes et hierarchisees. La construction de tels systemes pour la simulation interactive necessite la conception d'un systeme reactif de traitement de flots de donnees en provenance ou a destination de l'environnement. Ce systeme doit inclure les notions de reactivite et de modularite pour des raisons informatiques, mais aussi les notions de concurrence et de hierarchie pour etre susceptible de decrire un comportement. Ceci doit etre effectue par le biais d'un systeme de controle d'activite et de preemption. Nous presentons le modele hpts (hierarchical parallel transition systems) et nous demontrons son adequation a la modelisation de la partie decisionnelle d'un modele comportemental. Un langage de description de hpts, associe a un generateur de code simulation, est propose. Le modele hpts est applique a la construction d'un conducteur de voiture virtuel decrit selon le principe de la boucle perception-decision-action. Les vehicules autonomes ainsi construits sont utilises dans des simulations de conduite en environnement urbain, ainsi que pour l'etude de nouvelles mesures telematiques, en vue de l'amelioration du trafic autoroutier, dans le cadre du projet europeen diats.

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Ksontini, Feirouz. "Modèle d'agent fondé sur les affordances : application à la simulation de trafic routier". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0027/document.

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Les travaux conduits dans le cadre de cette thèse ont pour but d’étendre le champ de validité des simulations de trafic en milieu urbain et péri-urbain, avec notamment une meilleure prise en compte du contexte de conduite, de l’hétérogénéité des véhicules (deux-roues motorisés, véhicule léger, poids lourd, etc.) et des comportements des conducteurs en termes d’occupation de l’espace au sol. Le but est de produire en simulation des comportements observés en situation réelle tels que les phénomènes de faufilement (deux-roues, véhicules d’urgence, cas des intersections). Nous abordons, la simulation du trafic routier en considérant une approche comportementale fondée sur les systèmes multi-agents. Des travaux précédents ont proposé des solutions non génériques, notamment pour le cas particulier des deux-roues motorisés. Nous proposons un nouveau modèle d’agent permettant de mieux prendre en compte le contexte de conduite et les comportements des conducteurs en termes d’occupation de l’espace. Nous dotons l’agent d’une représentation ego-centrée de l’environnement fondée sur le concept d’affordance. Nous utilisons ainsi les affordances pour identifier les actions possibles, en termes d’occupation de l’espace, offertes par l’environnement. Nous les utilisons en- suite pour construire une représentation ego-centrée de la situation. Le modèle d’agent proposé a été implémenté avec Archisim. Cette implémentation a permis de reproduire une situation de trafic réelle et de comparer les données simulées avec celles recueillies sur le terrain. Différentes expérimentations ont été menées afin d’évaluer la qualité de la solution proposée
The work described in this thesis aims to improve the validity of traffic simulations in urban and suburban areas. We propose to consider the driving context, the heterogeneity of vehicles (motorized two-wheelers, vehicle, truck, etc.) and the driver behavior in terms of space occupation. The purpose is to produce in simulation the observed real world phenomena such as faufilement behavior (two-wheelers, emergency vehicles, cases of intersections). We address the traffic simulation byconsidering a behavioral approach based on multi-agent systems. Previous work have proposed non- generic solutions, for the particular case of motorized two-wheelers. We propose a new agent model to better take into account the context of driving and driver behavior in terms of space occupation. We endow agent driver with an ego-centered representation of the environment based on the concept of affordances. We use the affordances to identify the possible actions, in terms of space occupation, afforded by environment. The proposed agent model was implemented with ArchiSim. This implementation has allowed to reproduce a real traffic situation and to compare the results to real data. Different experiments were conducted to assess the quality of the proposed solution

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KSONTINI, Feirouz. "Modèle d'agent fondé sur les affordances : application à la simulation de trafic routier". Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982059.

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Les travaux conduits dans le cadre de cette thèse ont pour but d'étendre le champ de validité des simulations de trafic en milieu urbain et péri-urbain, avec notamment une meilleure prise en compte du contexte de conduite, de l'hétérogénéité des véhicules (deux-roues motorisés, véhicule léger, poids lourd, etc.) et des comportements des conducteurs en termes d'occupation de l'espace au sol. Le but est de produire en simulation des comportements observés en situation réelle tels que les phénomènes de faufilement (deux-roues, véhicules d'urgence, cas des intersections). Nous abordons, la simulation du trafic routier en considérant une approche comportementale fondée sur les systèmes multi-agents. Des travaux précédents ont proposé des solutions non génériques, notamment pour le cas particulier des deux-roues motorisés. Nous proposons un nouveau modèle d'agent permettant de mieux prendre en compte le contexte de conduite et les comportements des conducteurs en termes d'occupation de l'espace. Nous dotons l'agent d'une représentation ego-centrée de l'environnement fondée sur le concept d'affordance. Nous utilisons ainsi les affordances pour identifier les actions possibles, en termes d'occupation de l'espace, offertes par l'environnement. Nous les utilisons en- suite pour construire une représentation ego-centrée de la situation. Le modèle d'agent proposé a été implémenté avec Archisim. Cette implémentation a permis de reproduire une situation de trafic réelle et de comparer les données simulées avec celles recueillies sur le terrain. Différentes expérimentations ont été menées afin d'évaluer la qualité de la solution proposée.

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Hatchi, Roméo. "Analyse mathématique de modèles de trafic routier congestionné". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090048/document.

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Cette thèse est dédiée à l'étude mathématique de quelques modèles de trafic routier congestionné. La notion essentielle est l'équilibre de Wardrop. Elle poursuit des travaux de Carlier et Santambrogio avec des coauteurs. Baillon et Carlier ont étudié le cas de grilles cartésiennes dans $\RR^2$ de plus en plus denses, dans le cadre de la théorie de $\Gamma$-convergence. Trouver l'équilibre de Wardrop revient à résoudre des problèmes de minimisation convexe. Dans le chapitre 2, nous regardons ce qui se passe dans le cas de réseaux généraux, de plus en plus denses, dans $\RR^d$. Des difficultés nouvelles surgissent par rapport au cas initial de réseaux cartésiens et pour les contourner, nous introduisons la notion de courbes généralisées. Des hypothèses structurelles sur ces suites de réseaux discrets sont nécessaires pour s'assurer de la convergence. Cela fait alors apparaître des fonctions qui sont des sortes de distances de Finsler et qui rendent compte de l'anisotropie du réseau. Nous obtenons ainsi des résultats similaires à ceux du cas cartésien. Dans le chapitre 3, nous étudions le modèle continu et en particulier, les problèmes limites. Nous trouvons alors des conditions d'optimalité à travers une formulation duale qui peut être interprétée en termes d'équilibres continus de Wardrop. Cependant, nous travaillons avec des courbes généralisées et nous ne pouvons pas appliquer directement le théorème de Prokhorov, comme cela a été le cas dans \cite{baillon2012discrete, carlier2008optimal}. Pour pouvoir néanmoins l'utiliser, nous considérons une version relaxée du problème limite, avec des mesures d'Young. Dans le chapitre 4, nous nous concentrons sur le cas de long terme, c'est-à-dire, nous fixons uniquement les distributions d'offre et de demande. Comme montré dans \cite{brasco2013congested}, le problème de l'équilibre de Wardrop est équivalent à un problème à la Beckmann et il se réduit à résoudre une EDP elliptique, anisotropique et dégénérée. Nous utilisons la méthode de résolution numérique de Lagrangien augmenté présentée dans \cite{benamou2013augmented} pour proposer des exemples de simulation. Enfin, le chapitre 5 a pour objet l'étude de problèmes de Monge avec comme coût une distance de Finsler. Cela se reformule en des problèmes de flux minimal et une discrétisation de ces problèmes mène à un problème de point-selle. Nous le résolvons alors numériquement, encore grâce à un algorithme de Lagrangien augmenté
This thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of some models of congested road traffic. The essential notion is the Wardrop equilibrium. It continues Carlier and Santambrogio's works with coauthors. With Baillon they studied the case of two-dimensional cartesian networks that become very dense in the framework of $\Gamma$-convergence theory. Finding Wardrop equilibria is equivalent to solve convex minimisation problems.In Chapter 2 we look at what happens in the case of general networks, increasingly dense. New difficulties appear with respect to the original case of cartesian networks. To deal with these difficulties we introduce the concept of generalized curves. Structural assumptions on these sequences of discrete networks are necessary to obtain convergence. Sorts of Finsler distance are used and keep track of anisotropy of the network. We then have similar results to those in the cartesian case.In Chapter 3 we study the continuous model and in particular the limit problems. Then we find optimality conditions through a duale formulation that can be interpreted in terms of continuous Wardrop equilibria. However we work with generalized curves and we cannot directly apply Prokhorov's theorem, as in \cite{baillon2012discrete, carlier2008optimal}. To use it we consider a relaxed version of the limit problem with Young's measures. In Chapter 4 we focus on the long-term case, that is, we fix only the distributions of supply and demand. As shown in \cite{brasco2013congested} the problem of Wardrop equilibria can be reformulated in a problem à la Beckmann and reduced to solve an elliptic anisotropic and degenerated PDE. We use the augmented Lagrangian scheme presented in \cite{benamou2013augmented} to show a few numerical simulation examples. Finally Chapter 5 is devoted to studying Monge problems with as cost a Finsler distance. It leads to minimal flow problems. Discretization of these problems is equivalent to a saddle-point problem. We then solve it numerically again by an augmented Lagrangian algorithm

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Mint, Moustapha Jyda. "Modélisation mathématique et simulation du trafic routier : analyse statistique de modèles d'insertion et simulation probabiliste d'un modèle cinétique". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1113/document.

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La première partie de cette thèse a consisté à proposer des modèles d'insertion de trafic sur une bretelle d'entrée d'autoroute. Deux types de modélisation ont été élaborés. Une approche statistique utilisant les techniques de régression logistique nous a permis de sélectionner les variables jouant un rôle dans le choix par les véhicules provenant de la voie d'accélération du lieu où ils s'insèrent. Dans un second temps, nous effectuons une modélisation comportementale basée sur le principe d'acceptation de créneaux. Les modèles proposés ont été validés à l'aide de données issues d'un site d'observations expérimentales situé près d'Angers, le site SAROT. La seconde partie est consacrée au développement d'une méthode particulaire probabiliste permettant de simuler un modèle mésoscopique de trafic : le modèle cinétique de Paveri-Fontana. La complexité algorithmique de cette méthode proposée comme alternative aux méthodes déterministes couramment utilisées est optimisée. La comparaison des résultats obtenus à ceux d'une méthode déterministe plus standard de différences finies sur des cas-tests bien choisis a permis de valider la méthode particulaire. Ces expériences numériques ont mis en valeur ses qualités notamment sa rapidité (coût numérique) par rapport à la méthode déterministe ainsi que sa capacité à mieux reproduire certains phénomènes observés dans le trafic
The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the optimization of the lengths of acceleration lanes using microscopic data collected from real traffic. The insertions on the highway junctions can indeed be especially dangerous considering the difference between the speeds on the on ramp merge lane and those on the highway lanes. We develop and analyse some microscopic merging models. We first propose a statistical model based on the logistic regression techniques. Statistical hypothesis tests allow to select the most significant descriptive variables in the merging decision process. A behavioural modelling taking those variables into account is next proposed to better capture the interactions by including some thresholds on the gaps between the merging vehicles and freeway vehicles. The models are validated using real traffic data collected at the SAROT site near Angers. Secondly, traffic simulation at the mesoscopic scale is mostly based on deterministic numerical schemes. However, these methods have a high computational cost. The objective of the second part of this thesis is to present a new method to simulate the Paveri-Fontana kinetic model through a probabilistic approach. We interpret the evolution equation in this model as a Fokker-Planck equation and deduce an approximation based on a system of interacting particles. The algorithmic complexity of this method is optimized. We have performed a numerical comparison between the probabilistic method and a deterministic method on some cases study. The qualitative analysis highlights the benefits of the particle method such as its computation cost and its ability to reproduce some typical traffic effects

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Jiménez, Tania. "Simulation de trafic routier : étude des méthodologies de modélisation et parallélisation et mise en œuvre". Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5436.

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Le travail de recherche présenté dans cette thèse porte sur la conception d'un environnement pour la programmation de simulations de trafic routier. Cet environnement utilise comme base l'environnement de simulation Prosit. En outre, nous étudions le problème de routage dans les réseaux, en utilisant la théorie des jeux et le concept d'équilibre de Nash. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons la problématique et les diverses approches dans le contexte de la prédiction des comportements du trafic routier urbain. Puis, nous décrivons quelques simulateurs microscopiques de trafic routier. Nous présentons ensuite l'environnement de simulation de trafic routier, développé dans le projet Hipertrans, ainsi qu'une étude sur la complexité de ce simulateur. Nous discutons les différentes approches pour la parallélisation de ce stimulateur. Nous avons développé un module de partitionnement qui utilise les heuristiques du recuit simulé et des algorithmes génétiques. . . Nous nous sommes intéressé au problème de routage dans les réseaux. . .

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Ha, Duy-H. "Modélisation statistique et probabiliste du TEMPS INTER-VEHICULAIRE aux différents niveaux de trafic". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01006504.

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Le Temps Inter-véhiculaire (TIV) est une variable microscopique fondamentale dans la théorie du trafic, et a été étudié depuis le début du développement de cette théorie, vers 1930. La distribution de probabilité du TIV décrit la répartition des arrivées des véhicules en un point donné et reflète dans une certaine mesure le comportement de conduite. Beaucoup d'applications en ingénierie du trafic viennent de la connaissance fine de cette variable. La thèse a pour but d'approfondir cette connaissance en modélisant la distribution du TIV dans différents contextes selon différents points de vue. Tout d'abord, deux méthodes d'échantillonnage, la méthode de groupement et la méthode de raffinement sont considérées. L'application numérique concerne deux bases de données, celle de la route nationale RN118 et celle de l'autoroute A6. Ensuite, trois types de modèles probabilistes sont analysés et classifiés. Une comparaison exhaustive des modèles et des méthodes d'estimation est réalisée ce qui conduit à considérer que le modèle gamma-GQM est supérieur aux autres modèles en matière de performance statistique et en efficacité de calcul. Une procédure d'estimation est proposée qui favorise la stabilité des paramètres estimés. Six nouveaux modèles de TIV sont proposés, calibrés, analysés. Mis à part deux modèles de performance inférieure aux autres et au modèle gamma-GQM, quatre modèles sont équivalents voire meilleurs que le modèle gamma-GQM. Pour une raison pratique, le modèle Double Gamma est choisi à côté du modèle gamma-GQM, comme modèle de comparaison, dans toute la modélisation des TIV. Le calibrage des modèles et l'analyse des paramètres des modèles sont menés, à partir des données réelles, en considérant trois dimensions d'étude du trafic : les échelles macroscopique, mésoscopique et microscopique. Une quatrième dimension d'étude des TIV est constituée des facteurs exogènes au trafic. La prise en compte de ces facteurs exogènes, à chaque échelle macroscopique entraîne la distinction de deux types de facteur exogène : 'empêchant' et 'impulsif'. Finalement, différentes approches de validation sont testées. L'approche proposée par 'enveloppe des distributions' semble prometteuse pour le futur.

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El, Hadouaj Sameh. "Conception de comportements de résolution de conflits et de coordination : application à une simulation multi-agent du trafic routier". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066106.

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Herviou, David. "La perception visuelle des entités autonomes en réalité virtuelle : Application à la simulation de trafic routier". Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES2028.

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L'objet de cette thèse est de montrer l'intérêt de la réalité virtuelle dans la réalisation d'outils permettant l'apprentissage de comportements de sécurité sur la route. Le principe de ces outils est d'immerger les élèves dans un trafic routier virtuel réaliste et de donner aux formateurs la possibilité d'utiliser les situations auxquelles sont confrontées les élèves et leurs réaction afin de transmettre les connaissances liées à la conduite. Nous proposons pour cela un système logiciel reposant sur deux hypothèses fondamentales :- le contrôle que les élèves ont sur leur véhicule fait abstraction des gestes techniques. Les élèves peuvent alors se concentrer sur l'apprentissage de comportements, en particulier les prises d'informations et de décisions ; - le trafic routier est modélisé selon une approche microscopique. Chaque conducteur est représenté par un acteur virtuel autonome capable de percevoir son environnement et de prendre des décisions basées sur un code de la route simplifié. Un modèle procédural de conducteur, spécifique à la représentation d'un trafic est proposé. Un conducteur est alors considéré comme étant un ensemble de tâches de conduite (enchaînement d'actions, de prises d'informations et de décisions pour une situation donnée). Étant donné l'importance de la prise d'informations dans la conduite, l'accent a été mis sur la modélisation de la perception des conducteurs virtuels autonomes (focalisation, mémorisation,. . . ). Un prototype a été réalisé. Il permet de simuler en temps réel des trafics routiers contenant plus de cinquante véhicules et de confronter des élèves à une grande variété de situations. Deux séries d'expérimentations ont été menés afin de montrer la validité et l'intérêt des principes de modélisation évoqués ci-dessus ; tant en ce qui concerne les aspects pédagogiques que la crédibilité des trafics simulés
The purpose of this thesis is to show the relevance of virtual reality for the creation of tools that help the learning of safe behavior on road. These tools are based on the immersion of learners inside a credible virtual traffic road in which they encounter a wide panel of situations. The teacher uses these situations to explain and make the student acquire knowledge on driving. Thereby, we propose a software system that lies on two fundamental assumptions : - leaners control their virtual car in an abstract manner : they don't have to do and learn technical gestures. Learners can concentrate themselves only on learning how to behave in specific visual strategies and decisions ;- traffic road is modelled following a microscopic approach. Each driver is consider as a set of driving tasks (chronological sequence of actions, visual clue acquisition and decisions in a given situation). Due to the importance of retreiving visual informations while driving, this work was focused on the modeling of virtual drivers' visual perception (focus of attention, memorizing, visual routines. . . ). A prototype has been achieved. It enables to simulate, in real time, traffic road up to fifty vehicles and makes learners face a wide varieties of situations. Two series of experimentations have been conducted to show the validity and the relevance of the modeling principle exposed above. These experimentations concern the pedagogical aspect of the software and the credibility of the generated traffic road

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Commission royale sur le transport des voyageurs au Canada. Analyse des propositions sur le réseau routier national. Ottawa, Ont: Division de la recherche, Commission royale sur le transport des voyageurs au Canada, 1991.

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Yante, Jean-Marie. Trafic routier en Ardenne, Gaume et Famenne 1599-1600. Louvain-La-Neuve: Centre belge d'histoire rurale, 1986.

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Claude, Raffestin, Université de Genève. Centre universitaire d'écologie humaine et des sciences de l'environnement. e Genève (Suisse) Service d'urbanisme, a cura di. Le bruit dans la ville: Trafic routier, nuisances urbaines et affectation du sol. Genève: Service d'urbanisme, 1989.

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II, Université de Lyon, a cura di. Ville, transports et environnement: "contributions relatives des paramètres du trafic routier affectant la pollution sonore et atmosphérique en milieu urbain". Grenoble: A.N.R.T. Université Pierre Mendès France Grenoble 2, 1996.

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J, Davis Thomas. Simulator evaluation of the final approach spacing tool. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1990.

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Bullock, Darcy M. Evaluation of emergency vehicle signal preemption on the Route 7 Virginia corridor. McLean, VA: Federal Highway Administration, 1999.

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Bullock, Darcy M. Evaluation of emergency vehicle signal preemption on the Route 7 Virginia corridor. McLean, VA: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research, Development, & Technology, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1999.

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IWSOS 2009 (2009 Zurich, Switzerland). Self-organizing systems: 4th IFIP TC 6 International Workshop, IWSOS 2009, Zurich, Switzerland, December 9-11, 2009 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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La demande de trafic routier. OECD, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264275515-fr.

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Trafic routier en Ardenne, Gaume et Famenne, 1599-1600. Louvain-la-Neuve: Centre belge d'histoire rurale, 1986.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Nagel, Kai. "Route Learning in Iterated Transportation Simulations". In Human Behaviour and Traffic Networks, 305–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07809-9_13.

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Barauskas, Andrius, Agnė Brilingaitė, Linas Bukauskas, Vaida Čeikutė, Alminas Čivilis e Simonas Šaltenis. "Semi-synthetic Data and Testbed for Long-Distance E-Vehicle Routing". In New Trends in Database and Information Systems, 61–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85082-1_6.

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AbstractElectric and autonomous mobility will increasingly rely on advanced route planning algorithms. Robust testing of these algorithms is dependent on the availability of large realistic data sets. Such data sets should capture realistic time-varying traffic patterns and corresponding travel-time and energy-use predictions. Ideally, time-varying availability of charging infrastructure and vehicle-specific charging-power curves should be included in the data to support advanced planning.We contribute with a modular testbed architecture including a semi-synthetic data generator that uses a state-of-the-art traffic simulator, real traffic distribution patterns, EV-specific data, and elevation data to generate time-dependent travel-time and energy-use weights in a road-network graph. The experimental study demonstrates that the testbed can reproduce travel-time and energy-use patterns for long-distance trips similar to commercially available services.

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Yan, Shengchao, Tim Welschehold, Daniel Büscher, Christoph Burger, Christoph Stiller e Wolfram Burgard. "Learning Cooperative Trajectories at Intersections in Mixed Traffic". In Cooperatively Interacting Vehicles, 459–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60494-2_15.

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AbstractIntersections are a significant bottleneck in traffic and have been a topic of much research. Optimization approaches incorporating traffic models are often limited by the intractable complexity resulting from the combinatorial explosion associated with increasing numbers of vehicles. Learning cooperative maneuver policies with deep neural networks from traffic data is a promising approach to address this issue. This chapter presents two approaches for managing traffic at intersections using deep reinforcement learning. The first approach learns an adaptive traffic signal controller, serving as a trajectory planner for all vehicles at the intersection. For smaller intersections with less traffic and fewer lanes, traffic signs are preferred over traffic lights due to their lower cost and higher efficiency. The second approach uses a centralized control unit to optimize efficiency and equity by ordering automated vehicles to yield to vehicles on conflicting routes with lower priorities. Self-driving cars have the potential to improve traffic flow in mixed environments with human-driven vehicles. The chapter evaluates the approaches using a traffic simulator with simulated and real-world traffic data. The approaches achieve state-of-the-art performance in terms of traffic efficiency and equity compared to non-learning and other learning-based methods. The chapter concludes with a discussion of possible future work on learning cooperative trajectories in mixed traffic.

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Kim, Jeongseok, e Kangjin Kim. "Designing Reactive Route Change Rules with Human Factors in Mind: A UATM System Perspective". In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 323–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4581-4_24.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the dynamic rerouting of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft in the context of urban air traffic management (UATM). Focusing on the interaction between human managers and the UATM network, we present a novel approach to reactive rerouting based on step-oriented simulation and condition-action rules. Our framework enables human intervention in response to congestion observed at vertiport corridors, allowing managers to request detours for approaching eVTOLs. We formulate the problem within the knowledge representation and reasoning (KR&R) paradigm and employ a multi-shot approach within an Answer Set Programming (ASP) solver to drive the step-oriented simulation. The structure of the paper follows a logical progression, including related work, preliminaries, a problem statement, proposed solutions, and a discussion, followed by a concluding section.

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Maciejewski, Michał. "An Application of Traffic Measurements to Route Planning for Traffic Flow Simulation in MATSim". In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 263–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16472-9_29.

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Selten, Reinhard, Michael Schreckenberg, Thorsten Chmura, Thomas Pitz, Sebastian Kube, Sigurður F. Hafstein, Roland Chrobok, Andreas Pottmeier e Joachim Wahle. "Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route-Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autobahn Traffic in North Rhine-Westphalia". In Human Behaviour and Traffic Networks, 1–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07809-9_1.

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Sanogo, Kader, Abdelkader Mekhalef Benhafssa, M’hammed Sahnoun, Belgacem Bettayeb e Abdelghani Bekrar. "Multi-agent Simulation for Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problem with Traffic-Aware Routing". In Service Oriented, Holonic and Multi-agent Manufacturing Systems for Industry of the Future, 573–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99108-1_41.

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Alias, Cyril, Jonas Zum Felde e Sven Severin. "Examining the Logistics Performance of a Decentralized Waterborne Container Transportation Service in the West German Canal Network with the Help of Discrete-Event Simulation". In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1357–72. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_120.

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AbstractIn order to alleviate road traffic congestion, a logistics concept based on small inland vessels in the West German canal network has been developed for the distribution of containers. The service concept rests on multiple transshipment points throughout the considered geographic area as potential origins and destinations of transport legs. After safeguarding the technical feasibility, the resulting service concept needs to be examined in order to assess its economic viability. Only with promising outcomes resulting from this assessment can potential operators be convinced to transfer the concept into reality, set up the decentralized waterborne container transportation service, and deploy actual inland vessels to be operated in the German waterways. Discrete-event simulation has established itself as an important analysis method in logistics and is suitable for the examination of logistics systems at an operational and tactical level. In the present setting, various scenarios have been selected as the most promising ones and simulated with appropriate models. Eventually, DES will help to determine the routes to be operated, the ports and transshipment points to be included in the respective routes, the vessels to be used, including their type and number, the manning regulation of the inland vessels to be selected, and the transshipment concept to be pursued. Ultimately, the logistics simulation reveals which scenarios turn out to be the most and least promising ones and allows overall statements on the expectable profitability of the service. Furthermore, it helps to identify utilization peaks of the examined inland vessels and transshipment points.

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Vallati, Mauro, e Lukáš Chrpa. "Reducing Traffic Congestion in Urban Areas via Real-Time Re-Routing: A Simulation Study". In AI 2020: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 69–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64984-5_6.

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Itnal, Vijay, Hritikesh Nilawar e Ramkrishna Bharsakade. "Simulating Alternative Routes: A Model-Based Approach to Solve Traffic Congestion in Urban Areas". In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 277–85. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7445-0_25.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Eneh, Agozie Hyacinth, Emmanuel, Ibrahim Tukur, Uchechukwu Christian Arinze, Joshua Bature Hassan e Olorunyomi Segun Omotayo. "Modified Strategy to Improve QoS in Networks with Varied Traffics." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p20.

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The efficiency of buffers in network routers plays an important role in effectively accommodating packets that arrive in bursts at the routers interfaces. The choice of a suitable router buffer size is still a significant problem. Since, the use of small buffer guarantees low packet delay but higher chances of packet lost. Similarly, larger buffer leads to buffer bloat which causes higher delay in a network resulting to poor Quality of Service (QoS). Buffer bloat is a significant problem due to the high changing link characteristics of modern heterogeneous network traffics. The access links can have connections with speedy links (Gbps) with small amount of packet losses and have connection with a susceptible high packet loss with low-bandwidth links like wireless and last mile connections. Hence, what may be thought to be a rational buffer size might be flawed when link rates and delay fall below the minimum value. Thus, this paper analyses buffer size performance and optimization in networks with heterogeneous traffics for Random Early Detection (RED) Queues using NS2 simulations to obtain a range of better suited buffer sizes that improve the QoS without extra signaling and computation by routers. The results obtained established that having a buffer size between five to ten kilobytes yielded best average throughput with low average delay for RED Queue at the congested router Interface. In addition, the optimized buffer size scheme improved the QoS accordingly. Keywords: Buffer Size, Network Traffic, Quality of Service, Simulation

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Švadlenka, Matyáš, e Lukas Chrpa. "A Framework for Centralized Traffic Routing in Urban Areas". In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/1038.

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Dealing with the ever-increasing demand for traffic management is one of the main challenges of the 21st century. The issue is much more apparent in urban areas during rush hours. Traffic congestion causes economic losses due to delays and increased fuel consumption and, on top of that, is a major health risk. Intelligent centralized traffic routing is an important concept aiming at reducing traffic congestion in urban areas by more effectively utilizing road networks. In this demo, we present a framework that, in a nutshell, integrates techniques for intelligent centralized traffic routing into the well-known SUMO simulator, so these techniques can be evaluated in realistic settings on real/realistic datasets. In particular, the framework automatically identifies ``problematic'' urban regions by analyzing historical traffic data, then simplifies the road networks by precomputing promising routes (for each considered traffic flow), and finally, leverages a planning-based approach to generate routes. Our framework is evaluated on a real dataset from Dublin's metropolitan area.

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Ayfantopoulou, Georgia, Evangelos Mintsis, Zisis Maleas, Evangelos Mitsakis, Josep Maria Salanova Grau, Vassilis Mizaras e Panagiotis Tzenos. "Data-driven Methods for Identifying Travel Conditions Based on Traffic and Weather Characteristics". In 4th Symposium on Management of Future Motorway and Urban Traffic Systems. Technische Universität Dresden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.104.

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Accurate and reliable traffic state estimation is essential for the identification of congested areas and bottleneck locations. It enables the quantification of congestion characteristics, such as intensity, duration, reliability, and spreading which are indispensable for the deployment of appropriate traffic management plans that can efficiently ameliorate congestion problems. Similarly, it is important to categorize known congestion patterns throughout a long period of time, so that corresponding traffic simulation models can be built for the investigation of the performance of different traffic management plans. This study conducts cluster analysis to identify days with similar travel conditions and congestion patterns. To this end, travel, traffic and weather data from the Smart Mobility Living Lab of Thessaloniki, Greece is used. Representative days per cluster are determined to facilitate the development of traffic simulation models that typify average traffic conditions within each cluster. Moreover, spatio-temporal matrices are developed to illustrate time-varying traffic conditions along different routes for the representative days. Results indicate that the proposed clustering technique can produce valid classification of days in groups with common characteristics, and that spatio-temporal matrices enable the development of traffic management plans which encompass routing information for competing routes in the city of Thessaloniki.

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Yu, Liangyao, Ruoqi Wang e Yiming Cheng. "Real Driving Route Simulation for Intelligent Traffic Modelling". In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-91316.

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Abstract With the development of intelligent vehicle driving, the vehicles must be trained through deep learning method. Therefore, the vehicles will be driven on real roads and subjected to traffic and environmental conditions, such as traffic lights, traffic jams, rounds, stops, curves, road condition and gradient. The on-road driving tests make it difficult to predefine beforehand the route, since the conditions are changeable and unpredictable. On the other hand, it is quite time-consuming and expensive. However, the generation of methods and algorithms able to read the main important parameters from the route (speed and gradient profile) would give a twofold benefit: generation and optimization or appropriate routes considering the testing objective, and if a powertrain model available, simulation of vehicle performance and emissions. In such a context, this thesis aims to generate real driving speed profiles based on either Google Maps guidance or GPX experiment data, considering speed limit, curvature and traffic condition. Real driving cycle generation from the on-line platform Google Maps and GPX data shows advantage over traditional experimental data characterization in aspects of cost, universality and convenience. Based on this approach, it is possible to analyze the influence of driver characteristics, curvature and traffic condition on driving behavior, emissions and fuel consumption, supporting in the phase of intelligent vehicle strategy development. The generated profile is compared to real driving recorded GPX data and is verified to be generally realistic.

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Roche Arroyos, Marina, Dídac Sabrià,, Pablo Cano, Daniel Ruiz e Marco Mammetti. "Objective Impact Evaluation of Predictive Eco-Driving Optimization Algorithm in Traffic Simulation Environment". In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2021-acm-122.

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The global trend to minimize emissions and fuel consumption is pushing towards new technologies in the fields of optimal powertrain control, electrification and road load reduction. The impact of technology improvements can be objectively evaluated by current test standards such as chassis dyno and Real Driving Emission (RDE) tests. However, current test standards do not quantify the impact of the driver behavior which has strong influence in the driving efficiency. Eco-driving algorithms aim to encourage and train the drivers to embrace cleaner driving behaviors in order to acknowledge this efficiency leverage option. The impact of these algorithms and good driving practices are difficult to quantify objectively as the impact depends on the interpretation of a human being that cannot be modelled as a vehicle component and the randomness of the driving environment. Some authors calculate the impact of the eco-driving advice by calculating the energy savings by following the target speed, but this approach does not verify that the target speed is feasible with a realistic surrounding environment. Quantification can also be performed through physical testing by driving two vehicles close to each other, one with eco-driving and one without. Whereas this method is robust and involves the surrounding traffic, the two vehicles have different drivers and encounter slightly different driving conditions, which adds randomness to the evaluation. This paper aims to propose an alternative virtual and objective validation method through co-simulation of the eco-routing algorithm, a high fidelity vehicle model to evaluate energy consumption and a traffic simulation environment. The traffic model provides the environment (surrounding vehicles, traffic lights, etc) and a driver model that analyzes the environment and decides when it is safe to follow the speed recommendation from the eco-driving algorithm. The traffic model will also generate the topographic and traffic predictive information of the route that needs to be feed to the predictive eco-driving optimization algorithms. With the traffic simulation, it is possible to guarantee that the same driving condition can be evaluated with the baseline and optimized algorithm in order to avoid the randomness. Virtual testing also permits to simulate a batch of cases to obtain higher numerical representativeness than physical testing. The co-simulation also permits to segment the impact by type of route, calculate the time delay caused by the eco-driving and the impact on the overall traffic. The scalability of this framework is promising in different levels. As the setup could be used to be evaluated in Driver-in-the-Loop or Driving Simulator. As well, at completely virtual level it would also permit to calculate the large-scale impact in the road net with different levels of eco-driving. The paper demonstrates that the new trend of co-simulation of vehicle models with traffic models leverages the possibility to include mobility ecosystem implications in the vehicle development process. This project received funding from the European Union’s (EU) Horizon 2020 Research and innovation program under grant agreement N 769935.

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Lee, Jooin, e Hyeongcheol Lee. "Fuel-optimal path finding algorithm using traffic information at urban intersection". In The 19th International Conference on Modelling and Applied Simulation. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.mas.006.

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Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is actively studied as the sensor and communication technology in the vehicle develops. The Intelligent Transportation System collects, processes, and provides information on the location, speed, and acceleration of the vehicles in the intersection. This paper proposes a fuel optimal route decision algorithm. The algorithm estimates traffic condition using information of vehicles acquired from several ITS intersections and determines the route that minimizes fuel consumption by reflecting the estimated traffic condition. Simplified fuel consumption models and road information (speed limit, average speed, etc.) are used to estimate the amount of fuel consumed when passing through the road. Dynamic Programming (DP) is used to determine the route that fuel consumption can be minimized. This algorithm has been verified in an intersection traffic model that reflects the actual traffic environment (Korea Daegu Technopolis) and the corresponding traffic model is modeled using AIMSUN.

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Dadashova, Bahar. "Simulation Study of the Effect of Decreasing Truck Traffic Flow on Safety on Almeria-Barcelona Corridor". In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.4214.

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In this paper the effect of truck traffic on road safety has been analyzed through simulation study. The main objective of the study is to quantify the effect of the decreasing average annual daily traffic of heavy duty vehicles (trucks) on road safety. As the road safety indicators the frequency road accidents is considered. The data used in the study were collected from one of the most crowded routes in Spain which connects Almeria (south-east) with Barcelona (northeast). The observed data covers year 2010 and were classified into 2 road types: dual carriageways and toll roads. The estimation was carried out using negative binomial model and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. Using the estimation results new traffic scenarios were proposed where the traffic flow is assumed to change its values. A total of 33 scenarios were proposed and new accidents data were generated through MCMC sampling. The comparison of the simulated and observed accident data shows that the effect of decreasing truck traffic flow could meliorate road safety in the route. The simulation tool could be applied to evaluate the effects of freight modal shift from road to rail.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4214

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Wu, Ning, Fang Zhou, Ying Zhang e Fen Ge. "A Heterogeneous System-Level Power Macro-Modeling for Network-on-Chip Router". In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48908.

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A heterogeneous macro-model for power extraction of the Network-on-Chip router at system level is proposed, with higher accuracy to overcome the shortcoming of existing architecture-level power simulators, which is aimed to evaluate the network performance rapidly and guide the communication structure design. Each module of the router is modeled by different methods according to different characteristics. The input/output ports, the routing algorithm and the crossbar switch are established by multiple linear regression because of their single data flow state. The arbiter is established based on BP neural network due to its numerous states. Several experiments with different traffic loads and input sequences are carried out to verify the power model. Experimental results show that our power model is higher speed over the gate-level simulation, and the average estimation error is 5.0%. As a case study, we use the proposed model to evaluate the performance of different core mappings for H.264 decoder in system-level low power design.

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"Multi-agent Systems for Air Trafic Conflicts Resolution by using a causal analysis of spatio-temporal interdependencies". In 2016 Summer Simulation Multi-Conference. Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22360/summersim.2016.scsc.037.

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Arasu, Mukilan T., Hamza Anwar, Qadeer Ahmed e Giorgio Rizzoni. "Energy Optimal Routing of a Delivery Vehicle Fleet With Diverse Powertrains". In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9056.

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Abstract In this paper, an algorithm framework is developed to find energy-optimal routes for a mixed fleet of delivery vehicles. The fleet could be composed of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), and Internal Combustion Engine-powered conventional Vehicles (ICEVs) operating over the same service area from a common depot. Additionally, in the case of an HEV, the onboard energy management optimization determines the power split between the power sources on the vehicle based on the route information available. The framework presented in this paper takes into account information related to static conditions (such as topography, payload, and driving distance) and dynamic driving conditions (such as traffic incidents and traffic lights). The route optimization can then be done for various cost functions such as energy consumption, operating costs or maximizing goods throughput. The simulation results demonstrate elements of the route planning framework for benchmark grid problems and real-world road maps.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Simulation de trafic routier"

Kodupuganti, Swapneel R., Sonu Mathew e Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Modeling Operational Performance of Urban Roads with Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. Mineta Transportation Institute, gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1802.

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The rapid growth in population and related demand for travel during the past few decades has had a catalytic effect on traffic congestion, air quality, and safety in many urban areas. Transportation managers and planners have planned for new facilities to cater to the needs of users of alternative modes of transportation (e.g., public transportation, walking, and bicycling) over the next decade. However, there are no widely accepted methods, nor there is enough evidence to justify whether such plans are instrumental in improving mobility of the transportation system. Therefore, this project researches the operational performance of urban roads with heterogeneous traffic conditions to improve the mobility and reliability of people and goods. A 4-mile stretch of the Blue Line light rail transit (LRT) extension, which connects Old Concord Rd and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte’s main campus on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for travel time reliability analysis. The influence of crosswalks, sidewalks, trails, greenways, on-street bicycle lanes, bus/LRT routes and stops/stations, and street network characteristics on travel time reliability were comprehensively considered from a multimodal perspective. Likewise, a 2.5-mile-long section of the Blue Line LRT extension, which connects University City Blvd and Mallard Creek Church Rd on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for simulation-based operational analysis. Vissim traffic simulation software was used to compute and compare delay, queue length, and maximum queue length at nine intersections to evaluate the influence of vehicles, LRT, pedestrians, and bicyclists, individually and/or combined. The statistical significance of variations in travel time reliability were particularly less in the case of links on N Tryon St with the Blue Line LRT extension. However, a decrease in travel time reliability on some links was observed on the parallel route (I-85) and cross-streets. While a decrease in vehicle delay on northbound and southbound approaches of N Tryon St was observed in most cases after the LRT is in operation, the cross-streets of N Tryon St incurred a relatively higher increase in delay after the LRT is in operation. The current pedestrian and bicycling activity levels seemed insignificant to have an influence on vehicle delay at intersections. The methodological approaches from this research can be used to assess the performance of a transportation facility and identify remedial solutions from a multimodal perspective.

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Arhin, Stephen, Babin Manandhar, Kevin Obike e Melissa Anderson. Impact of Dedicated Bus Lanes on Intersection Operations and Travel Time Model Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, giugno 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2040.

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Over the years, public transit agencies have been trying to improve their operations by continuously evaluating best practices to better serve patrons. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) oversees the transit bus operations in the Washington Metropolitan Area (District of Columbia, some parts of Maryland and Virginia). One practice attempted by WMATA to improve bus travel time and transit reliability has been the implementation of designated bus lanes (DBLs). The District Department of Transportation (DDOT) implemented a bus priority program on selected corridors in the District of Columbia leading to the installation of red-painted DBLs on corridors of H Street, NW, and I Street, NW. This study evaluates the impacts on the performance of transit buses along with the general traffic performance at intersections on corridors with DBLs installed in Washington, DC by using a “before” and “after” approach. The team utilized non-intrusive video data to perform vehicular turning movement counts to assess the traffic flow and delays (measures of effectiveness) with a traffic simulation software. Furthermore, the team analyzed the Automatic Vehicle Locator (AVL) data provided by WMATA for buses operating on the study segments to evaluate bus travel time. The statistical analysis showed that the vehicles traveling on H Street and I Street (NW) experienced significantly lower delays during both AM (7:00–9:30 AM) and PM (4:00–6:30 PM) peak hours after the installation of bus lanes. The approximation error metrics (normalized squared errors) for the testing dataset was 0.97, indicating that the model was predicting bus travel times based on unknown data with great accuracy. WMATA can apply this research to other segments with busy bus schedules and multiple routes to evaluate the need for DBLs. Neural network models can also be used to approximate bus travel times on segments by simulating scenarios with DBLs to obtain accurate bus travel times. Such implementation could not only improve WMATA’s bus service and reliability but also alleviate general traffic delays.

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Pulugurtha, Srinivas S., Abimbola Ogungbire e Chirag Akbari. Modeling and Evaluating Alternatives to Enhance Access to an Airport and Meet Future Expansion Needs. Mineta Transportation Institute, aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2120.

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The continued growth of air travel calls for the incessant construction effort at many airports and their surroundings. Thus, there is a need to determine how airports can better manage existing infrastructure to accommodate this growth. This study, therefore, focuses on (1) investigating how changes in transportation infrastructure have affected travel time reliability (TTR) of the surrounding road network within the airport vicinity over time, and, (2) exploring selected unconventional intersection designs and proposing new inbound/outbound access routes from the nearby major roads to the airport. The efficiency of road networks that surrounds large airports is discussed using Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT) as the case study. Firstly, an assessment of how transportation projects impact link-level travel time reliability (TTR) was performed using historical data. Secondly, an assessment of how future transportation projects would affect the traffic in the airport vicinity was performed. A simulation network was developed using the Vissim software, where the peak-hour turning movement counts were used with the existing signal design to replicate and calibrate the base scenario. Unconventional intersection designs such as continuous flow intersections (CFI), mini-roundabouts, and restricted crossing U-turn (RCUT) intersections were considered along with selected bridge design options to determine the impact on TTR. The results were compared with the conventional signalized intersection design. The connectivity projects led to an increase in TTR measures at most of the links within its vicinity after the project’s completion of the project. Similarly, parking areas exhibited the same characteristics, including those used by ridesharing companies. The simulation model showed that unconventional designs like RCUT and direct entry-exit ramps effectively reduced delay as well as the number of stops, increasing our understanding of how expansion projects affect TTR and potentially improving infrastructure optimization.

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Deng, Zhuohang, Zhiliang Luo, Neil Hockaday, Ahmed Farid e Anurag Pande. Evaluation of Left Shoulder as Part-Time Travel Lane Design Alternatives and Transportation Management Center Staff Training Module Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, gennaio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2153.

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Abstract (sommario):

Permanent capacity expansion, such as adding new lanes, is no longer a viable strategy to address traffic congestion in California; hence, ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) strategies, such as part-time use of the shoulder as a travel lane, need to be explored. The use of the shoulder as a travel lane during peak traffic hours has limited applications in the US, and most use the right shoulder as a part-time travel lane even though either the right or left shoulder (but not both) may be used. Caltrans District 5 is exploring the use of Left Shoulder as a Part-time Travel Lane (LSPTTL) as a piece of the larger project, titled Five Cities Multimodal Transportation Network Enhancement Project (FCMTNEP), aimed at congestion relief near Pismo Beach, CA. Construction is expected to begin in Winter 2025 with a Winter 2027 completion date. Given that this would be the first instance of LSPTTL in California, it is a Project of Division Interest (PoDI) for the California division of Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and the District 5 experience may guide similar future installations of the shoulder as travel lane projects in the state. This research uses a microsimulation-based approach to evaluate design alternatives being explored by Caltrans District 5. This approach allows for evaluating the operational and safety effects of each of the alternatives. Furthermore, a Transportation Management Center (TMC) operator training framework has also been developed to ensure that the local TMC personnel can effectively deploy the LSPTTL during routine operations and emergencies. Based on the operational evaluation, the study found no significant difference in travel times associated with the three design alternatives. Alternative 2, which involves the longest segment with LSPTTL among the alternatives, was found to be the safest based on a surrogate safety measure-based evaluation. This framework for evaluating design alternatives for operations and safety effectiveness may be used for future projects that involve the use of the shoulder as a travel lane. For TMC operator training, this report documents key learning objectives. A hands-on training program that involves operators executing the opening and closing of the shoulder for routine and emergency conditions was developed. As the project nears implementation, there is some scope for improvement in the training modules through replication of the exact features of the LSPTTL design and introducing more realism in the TMC simulator training exercises.

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