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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Signature de gène"
Bitoun, Marc. "La myopathie centronucléaire liée au gène de la dynamine 2". médecine/sciences 39 (novembre 2023): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2023130.
Testo completoMarie-Claire, C. "Existe-t’il une signature moléculaire de la réponse au lithium dans le trouble bipolaire ?" European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.367.
Testo completoAlory, Gaël, Philippe Téchiné, Thierry Delcroix, Denis Diverrès, David Varillon, Jean-René Donguy, Gilles Reverdin et al. "Le Service national d'observation de la salinité de surface de la mer : 50 ans de mesures océaniques globales". La Météorologie, n. 109 (2020): 029. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0044.
Testo completoMejean, A., T. Lebret, V. Verkarre, C. Radulescu, M. Timsit, Y. Neuzillet, S. Koscielny, I. Hemmerlé, S. Guilmy e B. Escudier. "Validation d’une signature de 16 gènes pour prédire la récidive après néphrectomie pour carcinome à cellules claires stade I–III". Progrès en Urologie 24, n. 13 (novembre 2014): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2014.08.110.
Testo completoLe Goux, C., D. Damotte, S. Vacher, N. Barry Delongchamps, M. Sibony, B. Terris, M. Zerbib, I. Bieche e G. Pignot. "Identification d’une signature moléculaire pronostique composée de 3 gènes impliqués dans l’immunité dans les tumeurs urothéliales de vessie infiltrant le muscle". Progrès en Urologie 26, n. 13 (novembre 2016): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2016.07.195.
Testo completoTreacy, P., A. Martini, P. Ratnani, S. Nair, A. Horowitz, P. Wiklund, M. Durand e A. Tewari. "La signature transcriptomique des gènes du tissu conjonctif prédit des caractéristiques péjoratives chez les patients avec un cancer de prostate localisé". Progrès en Urologie 29, n. 13 (novembre 2019): 661–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2019.08.079.
Testo completoBellivier, F. "Vers un traitement personnalisé de la dépression". European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.356.
Testo completoFAVERDIN, P., e C. LEROUX. "Avant-propos". INRAE Productions Animales 26, n. 2 (16 aprile 2013): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.2.3137.
Testo completoTIXIER-BOICHARD, Michèle, Frédéric LECERF, Frédéric HÉRAULT, Philippe BARDOU e Christophe KLOPP. "Le projet « Mille Génomes Gallus » : partager les données de séquences pour mieux les utiliser". INRAE Productions Animales, 23 dicembre 2020, 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2020.33.3.4564.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Signature de gène"
Rouault, Audrey. "Etude génomique des cancers du sein familiaux liés à une mutation constitutionnelle du gène BRCA2". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22122/document.
Testo completoGermline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for 20-30% of familial breast cancer. The main indication for BRCA2 screening is a family history, but the mutation detection rate in patients selected this way is low. The identification of characteristics common to BRCA2-associated tumors would improve the criteria used to select patients for BRCA2 screening and could identify factors implicated in BRCA2-mutant breast cancer tumorigenesis. The analysis of BRCA2-mutant breast tumor genomic profiles identified deletions of chromosomes 13q and 14q as a common feature of BRCA2-tumors. Supervised gene expression analysis of BRCA2-mutant breast tumors and familial breast tumors without germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations identified a specific BRCA2 gene signature. Exome sequencing of chromosomes 13q and 14q for 5 BRCA2-mutant tumors, and their associated germline DNA was performed in order to identify the target(s) of the specific genomic deletions in the BRCA2 tumors. This analysis characterized somatic variants that will be screened for in a larger cohort of BRCA2 and control tumors cases to explore their role in BRCA2-mutant breast cancer. Our study identified deletions of chromosomes 13q and 14q as a common feature of tumors with germline BRCA2 mutations, as has been observed in several previous studies. We suggest that FISH analysis for the deletion of these chromosomes would be a rapid and technically feasible first step to select tumors worth screening for germline BRCA2 mutations and we hypothesize that the inactivation of candidate genes located in these deleted regions allows the cell to resume division and progress thus contributing to tumorigenesis in BRCA2-mutant tumors
Solomon, Pierre. "Identification de profils omiques liés à la sévérité des maladies psychiatriques du spectre affectif à psychotiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NANU1029.
Testo completoPsychiatric disorders (PD), such as schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, affect approximately 12.5% of the global population in 2019. These disorders are defined by a disturbance in cognition, mood, and behaviour or an individual. Today, psychiatry is the only branch of modern medicine for which no biomarker (BM) has been validated to help make the diagnosis. However, many studies show that there is a link between the immune system (IS) and PD. It should therefore be possible to identify BMs of PDs in the blood. In this thesis, I used omics methods to investigate the IS of individuals with PD after grouping them by the similarity of their disorders or by the severity of their symptoms. I identified altered miRNA signature specific or common to broad groups of PD, including miRNAs already associated with BD as well as others that were not already associated with BD. I also studied the proteome, methylome and miRNAome of PD patients after unsupervised classification into 2 groups, according to the severity of their symptoms, using phenotypic data collected during the longitudinal PsyCourse study (IPPG, Germany). While methylome and miRNA analyses did not identify differences between the 2 severity groups, proteome analysis identified specific signatures, including an up- regulation of PLAUR, a gene known to be associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and cognitive abilities. Overall, this thesis sheds light on the molecular signatures related to BD severity
Garcia, Maxime. "Découverte de biomarqueurs prédictifs en cancer du sein par intégration transcriptome-interactome". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4109/document.
Testo completoHigh-throughput gene-expression profiling technologies yeild genomic signatures to predict clinical condition or patient outcome. However, such signatures have limitations, such as dependency on training set, and lack of generalization. We propose a novel algorithm, Interactome-Transcriptome Integration (ITI) (Garcia et al.) extract a generalizable signature predicting breast cancer relapse by superimposition of a large-scale protein-protein interaction data over several gene-expression data sets. This method re-implements the Chuang et al. algorithm, with the added capability to extract a genomic signature from several gene expression data sets simultaneously. A non-supervised and a supervised analysis were made with a breast cancer compendium of DNA microarray data sets. Performances of signatures found with ITI were compared with previously published signatures (Wang et al. , Van De Vijver et al. , Sotiriou et al. ). Our results show that ITI’s signatures are more stable and more generalizable, and perfom better when classifying an independant dataset. We found that subnetworks formed complexes functionally linked to biological functions related to metastasis and breast cancer. Several drivers genes were detected, including CDK1, NCK1 and PDGFB, some not previously linked to breast cancer relapse
Moison, Céline. "Signatures épigénétiques du gène suppresseur de tumeur RARβ2". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066133.
Testo completoToday it has become clear that epigenetic alterations also are critical in the initiation and the progression of the disease. In fact tumor suppressor genes, that prevent tumorigenesis, can be abnormally silenced by epigenetic factors. As epigenetic repression is reversible, the understanding of such deregulation is of great interest and opens new therapeutic perspectives. In order to study this phenomenon, we chose as model the retinoic acid receptor beta 2 (RARβ2), a tumor suppressor gene which expression is lost in prostate and breast cancers by DNA methylation. Upon studying several cell models, we actually found that DNA methylation and polycomb repression can co-occur at this locus, although these distinct epigenetic processes are usually described as mutually exclusive. We investigated the existence of non-coding RNA associated to RARβ2 promoter that could direct epigenetic silencing. Such RNAs were not identified in our models. Then, we developed an inducible expression system of EZH2, a polycomb protein, in a pre-tumoral prostate cell line. This original model will be useful to test the hypothesis according to which polycomb protein can target DNA hypermethylation. RARβ2 will be the model gene before performing genome-wide analysis that will allow to find the genes targeted by polycomb repression in prostate tumorigenesis. Finally, we got interested in how higher order of chromatin architecture influences gene regulation. We addressed nuclear organization by microscopy studies and showed that RARβ2 position seems not to be correlated with its transcriptional level. Interestingly, we found polycomb spots in human cancer cells
Nault, Jean-Charles. "Identification de nouveaux mécanismes de carcinogénèse et facteurs pronostiques des tumeurs hépatocellulaires". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB122/document.
Testo completoHepatocellular adenomas (HCA) are rare benign liver tumors occuring in young women taking oral contraception and complications as haemorrhage or malignant transformation in hepatocellular carcinomes (HCC) could occur. A genotype/phenotype classification has defined different subgroups of tumors : HCA with inactivating mutations of HNF1A, HCA with activating mutations of β-catenin and inflammatory HCA with activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. We have identified activation mutations of GNAS, that codes for the alpha subunit of the Gs protein in a subgroup of inflammatory HCA and in patients with HCA and McCune Albright syndrom, a rare disease that combined endocrine tumor, bone fibrous dysplasia and « cafe au lait » skin macula. These findings highlight the crosstalk between the cyclic AMP pathway induced by GNAS mutation with the JAK/STAT pathway. HCC are the most frequent primary liver tumors worldwide and mainly occur on cirrhosis due to various risk factor as hepatitis B and C virus, alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome. HCC is due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the malignant hepatocytes. We have identified TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) promoter mutations as the most frequent somatic genetic alterations in HCC. These mutations were also found in cirrhotic premalignant nodules underlying their role in tumor initiation and malignant transformation. In contrast, the study of the different steps of malignant transformation of HCA into HCC using next generation sequencing and TERT promoter screening have shown that activatiing mutation of β-catenin is an early genetic alteration whereas TERT promoter mutation is required in a second step to promote a full malignant transformation. We have also identified a prognostic molecular signature, the 5-gene score, in patients with HCC treated by liver resection. The 5-gene score predicts tumor recurrence and disease specific survival and has been validated in different cohorts of patients worldwide. Finally, we have shown that adeno-associated virus type 2 is involved in liver carcinogenesis on normal liver through insertional mutagenesis in key cancer genes as TERT, CCNA2, MLL4 and TNFSF10. These results have underlined a new oncogenic virus involved in HCC development, identified new genetic alterations involved in malignant transformation on cirrhosis and normal liver and a new prognostic molecular signature that will help to guide treatment of patients with HCC in the future
Ouandaogo, Zamalou Gisele. "Identification de gènes dans les cellules du cumulus selon la maturité nucléaire ovocytaire : influence des conditions de maturation". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON1T015/document.
Testo completoCumulus cells (CCs) associated with the oocyte form the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). During folliculogenesis, interdependent dialogue governed by gap junctions is created between the oocyte and adjacent CCs. The oocyte, by secreting certain factors allows the differentiation and proliferation of CCs which, at the same time, provide nutrients to the oocyte for its maturation and development. Nuclear maturation of oocytes is defined by its transition from germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase I (MI) up to metaphase II (MII) phase. Our team previously shown that certain genes expressed in the human CCs could predict embryo and the pregnancy outcomes. We analyzed the transcriptomic profile of CCs according to oocyte nuclear maturation stages (GV, MI and MII). The aim of this study was to identify the CCs molecular signature according to nuclear maturation oocyte under in vivo and in vitro conditions. In addition, we studied the impact of culture conditions of the COCs under in vivo and in vitro on the gene expression profile of CCs. We have demonstrated that there is a specific signature in the human CCs associated with the nuclear maturity of human oocytes whatever the culture condition. We have also observed the under-expression of genes involved in oocyte maturation and CCs expansion, and the over-expression of genes associated with cell cycle function in the CCS derived from in vitro versus in vivo oocytes. By comparing gene expression in the CCs according to oocyte nuclear maturation stages, we have identified two dominant signaling pathways: the lipids pathway (cholesterol transport and triglyceride) strongly activated in in vivo conditions, and the process of replication, recombination and DNA repair, which appear to be specific to in vitro CCs. Our results suggest that the maturation conditions of COCs have an impact on the molecular signature of CCs.Moreover, our data showed that matures oocytes can be surrounded by competent (sur-expression of the identified molecular signature of CCs derived from oocyte at MII stage) or incompetent CCs (sur-expression of the identified molecular signature of CCs derived from oocyte at GV or/and MI stages). These results open new perspectives in clinical application.Further studies are needed to identify factors influencing gene expression during oocyte maturation in vivo. These data should help to better understand how/why signaling pathways are altered by culture conditions in vitro
Scornec, Hélène. "Identification des gènes impliqués lors de l'établissement de Lactobacillus casei dans l'intestin et caractérisation de l'opéron LSEI_0219-0221". Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS088.
Testo completoIn bacteria which are in direct contact with their environment, genes transcription and proteins synthesis are efficiently regulated at each change of environmental parameters to allow cell survival. For intestinal commensal bacteria, these regulations must also allow symbiotic interactions and colonization whose molecular mechanisms, so far little known, are probably related, among others, to the bacteria surface (molecules exposed and secreted…). Lactobacillus casei, a commensal bacterium, has about 330 predicted genes involved in the composition and functionality of the cell surface. To have a global view of the whole genes involved in the establishment of L. casei in the gut, a reverse genetics approach was performed. For that, a library of L. casei random labeled-mutants by Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis was generated then annotated and reassembled thanks to the sequencing of transposon insertion sites. Mutants were screened for their ability to establish themselves in the rabbit ligated ileal loop and quantified by qPCR. Among the 47 genes identified as involved in the in vivo establishment, three genes in an operon encoding a two-component system and a penicillin-binding protein were characterized. These three genes are involved in the cell surface modulation and particularly in the regulation of peptidoglycan hydrolases which are required for the bacteria protection in the intestinal environment
Edelist, Cecile. "Patron de polymorphisme et signature moléculaire de l'adaptation au mileu salin de Helianthus paradoxus". Paris 11, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00196521.
Testo completoThe homoploid hybrid sunflower species, Helianthus paradoxus, is derived from two sunflower species H. Annuus and H. Petiolaris, and is adapted to salt marshes. My work characterizes the genetic basis of the natural selection that created the adaptation of H. Paradoxus to this extreme habitat. I searched for signatures of selection at the whole genome scale, and at a finer scale of 20 to 90 cM within individual chromosomes. Accordingly, I analyzed the genetic diversity of populations of H. Paradoxus and its parental species using microsatellite markers. For the analysis, I used microsatellite markers that are located near three survivorship QTLs, and compared their genetic diversity to markers from putative unselected regions. Genetic diversity was significantly lower around the survivorship QTL in the hybrid species but not in the parental species, signaling for the signature of selection in the H. Paradoxus genome detectable at this scale. At the finer scale, I found a mosaic pattern of genetic diversity. To overcome unknown mapping locations of genetic markers in H. Paradoxus, a method to group and order markers based on measure of linkage disequilibrium in natural populations was developed. In addition, a physiological and gene expression study was developed to understand the mechanisms of H. Paradoxus adaptation to salty habitat. The hybrid species exhibited a high plasticity response, and performed better than its parental species in a saline habitat. Leaves of H. Paradoxus were more succulent and have a higher concentration of sodium and sulfate, compared to the parental species. Several candidate genes, implied in various salinity response pathways and located for some within the mapped QTL regions, were differentially expressed in the hybrid species and the two parental species. These results confirm that these genes are potential candidate genes for studying H. Paradoxus adaptation to saline marshes, and probably played a major role in the process of speciation
Chanrion, Maïa. "Profilage d'expression génique des cancers du sein : classification moléculaire et signature prédictive de la récurrence sous Tamoxifène". Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON1T027.
Testo completoSt-Jean, Julien. "Mise en évidence de gènes de virulence chez la bactérie Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae par la méthode STM (signature-tagged mutagenesis)". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2752/1/000681074.pdf.
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