Tesi sul tema "Sheep lens"
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Lei, Jie. "The role of antioxidants in the hydrogen peroxide-induced opacification of sheep lens". Master's thesis, Lincoln University. Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, 2006. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20070517.162145/.
Testo completoMcDermott, Joshua D. "The ovine lens cytoskeleton". Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/700.
Testo completoMuir, Matthew Stewart. "Proteomics of the ovine cataract". Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/792.
Testo completoBeyer, Ashley Chantel. "Habitat comparisons of historically stable and less stable bighorn sheep populations". Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/beyer/BeyerA1208.pdf.
Testo completoCundall, Rich. "Shepherding the lamb-less sheep a pastor's guide to ministry with infertile couples /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2001. http://www.tren.com.
Testo completoCundall, Rich. "Sheperding the lamb-less sheep a pastor's guide to ministry with infertile couples /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001.
Cerca il testo completoRedjel, Bachir. "Mécanique et mécanismes de rupture dans les matériaux composites SMC (Sheet Molding Compound)". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376092483.
Testo completoRedjel, Bachir. "Mécanique et mécanismes de rupture dans les matériaux composites SMC (Sheet Molding Compound)". Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPD067.
Testo completoJoulié, Aurélien. "Etude de la diversité génotypique et phénotypique de la bactérie Coxiella burnetti chez les ruminants domestiques et les chevaux en France". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC055/document.
Testo completoQ fever is a worldwide zoonosis, due to a strict intracellular bacterium: Coxiella burnetii. Domestic ruminants mainly shed the bacteria in parturition products, vaginal mucus and feces. Humans and animals infect by inhalation of circulating pseudo-spores into the environment.Public and veterinary health issues therefore motivated the implementation of this PhD project in order to better control C. burnetii infections on farms. The objectives of this thesis were to provide descriptive epidemiological findings about: (a) circulation dynamics of C. burnetii in a naturally infected flock of sheep; (b) the genotypic diversity of circulating C. burnetii strains on domestic ruminant farms in France; (c) the phenotypic diversity of these strains as demonstrated by the use of two virulence models, one in vivo and one in vitro; and (d) the involvement of horses in the epidemiology of C. burnetii, by studying their exposure and a potential symptomatology.Longitudinal follow-up in a flock of sheep provided relevant tools to rapidly assess the risk of C. burnetii transmission when a flock was identified as infected, in terms of animal pens, diagnostic tools, or sampling periods to be preferred. We also identified three main genotypic groups of circulating strains in domestic ruminant farms in France where Q fever abortion were recorded. Two genotypic groups mainly included small ruminants, with one group mainly composed of sheep and the other mainly composed of goats. The third genotypic group was comprised almost exclusively of cattle. We have shown that the IS1111 gene significantly impacts the genotypic MLVA diversity observed. In addition to this species specificity, we have shown that the circulating genotypes in France were also spatiotemporally stable. We then developed two models of infection, one in vivo by inoculating CD1 male mice in the footpad of and one in vitro by infecting two macrophage cell lines: one bovine (SV40) and one ovine (MoCl4). These two models allowed us to show that the genotypic clusters were not systematically correlated with both the four phenotypic clusters identified in vivo from the analysis of the bacterial load in the mouse spleens and the analysis in vitro of the C. burnetii multiplication kinetics.Finally, the seroprevalence observed in horses within hyperendemic areas for Q fever in humans (Camargue and Plain of La Crau) suggests that horses are exposed to the bacteria in the area and that they may be a relevant indicator of the zoonotic risk. Nevertheless, our results were inconclusive on the clinical forms associated with Q fever in horses.In the future, the findings found in our work will allow a global understanding of the circulation dynamics of C. burnetii on domestic ruminant farms as well as in others animal species. Thus, all these data will ultimately improve surveillance, diagnosis and management of Q fever in public and veterinary health
Hillion, Erwan. "Analyse et géométrie dans les espaces métriques mesurés : inégalités de Borell-Brascamp-Lieb et conjecture de Olkin-Shepp". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1592/.
Testo completoThe work done during this PhD thesis is based on the theory of Ricci curvature bounds in measured length spaces, developed by Sturm, Lott and Villani, using deep results coming from the optimal transportation theory. In a first part, we study two families of functional inequalities, called Prékopa-Leindler and Borell-Brascamp-Lieb inequalities, and show that they allows us to give an alternate definition to Ricci curvature bounds, satisfying a "wishlist" similar to the one fulfilled by the Sturm-Lott- Villani condition CD(K,N). The second part is about a possible generalization of Sturm-Lott-Villani definition in a discrete setting. We emphasise the case of the translation of probability measures on a linear graph, and study the convexity of entropy along such a translation. The expression of this translation as a binomial convolution enlightens a conjecture stated by Olkin and Shepp about the entropy of sums of idependent Bernoulli random variables, for which we give a partial proof
Chavez, Henry. ""Dreaming of electric sheep" Les cycles techno-économiques du système mondial et le développement technoscientifique en Équateur : sources et limites du projet postnéolibéral ( 2007 – 2016 )". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0090.
Testo completoBased on a historical study of the relationship between the techno-economic cycles of the global system and the economic, political and ideological transformations in Ecuador, this research presents a critical analysis of the development process of the technoscientific field in this country and the post-neoliberal modernization project implemented by its government between 2007-2017. The thesis has two parts. The first one develops an analysis on three levels: the relationships between the global techno-economic cycles and the political and economic transformations in Ecuador; the relationships between these transformations, the waves of modernization of the Ecuadorian higher education system and the reproduction of local elites; and the relationship between the latter and the scientific, technological and industrial development of the country. The second part presents a detailed study of the last cycle, characterized by the implementation of the post-neoliberal project of technoscientific modernization. This study focuses, particularly, on three projects: the higher education reform, the scholarship program for studies abroad and the Yachay technopole project. These analysis results reveal the ideological character of these projects, designed and directed by the same network of intellectuals and financed by the rise of commodity exports which accompanied this upward phase of the peripheral cycle. Trapped in their ideological quest for an alternative development model and the constraints imposed by the transformation processes of the global system, these actors have finally produced a contradictory modernization project based on an empirical abstraction adapted to their needs for political legitimization. The end of the economic upswing has unveiled the limits of this ideological project whose concrete results are a heavier bureaucracy, waste of public resources and the accumulation of power. We suggest that this result is an effect of the three interrelated processes: the gap between the transformation cycles at the periphery and at the center of the global system, the global reconfiguration linked to the rise of Chinese influence and the deployment of the latest techno-economic wave of innovation. This research aims thus to contribute to the debate on the historical transformations of the global system
Rira, Moufida. "Les tanins hydrolysables et condensés : une piste pour la réduction de la production du méthane entérique par les ruminants en mileu tropical Intake, total-tract digestibility and methane emissions of Texel and Blackbelly sheep fed C4 and C3 grasses tested simultaneously in a temperate and a tropical area Ruminal methanogens and bacteria populations in sheep are modified by a tropical environment Potential of tannin-rich plants, Leucaena Leucocephala, Glyricidia sepium and Manihot esculenta, to reduce enteric methane emissions in sheep Potential of tannin-rich plants, Leucaena Leucocephala, Glyricidia sepium and Manihot esculenta, to reduce enteric methane emissions in sheep Potential of tannin-rich plants for modulating rumen microbes and ruminal fermentation in sheep Methanogenic potential of tropical feeds rich in hydrolyzable tannins". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC065.
Testo completoIn tropical areas, dairy and meat production from ruminants is limited by low availability and poor quality of forages. In addition to this dietary constraint, the emission of enteric methane under these less productive conditions is proportionally larger than under temperate conditions. The aim of this work is i) to compare enteric methane production in tropical and temperate environments, and ii) to promote tropical forages rich in hydrolysable or condensed tannins having anti-methanogenic properties that could reduce the environmental impact without compromising animal productivity. This work includes three separate studies. The first one was an in vivo study aiming to determine the origin of the differences of digestibility, methane production, ruminal fermentation and microbial ecosystem between tropical and temperate countries using as variables: the site of the experiment (tropics or temperate area), the type of forage (grown in the tropics or in temperate areas); and the animal genotype (tropical or temperate). Results showed that differences are mainly due to forages, but with interactions between nature of forages, environment and genotype. The objective of the second study was to determine the effect of plants rich in condensed tannins (leaves of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Manihot esculenta) on methane production, intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation and microbial ecosystem. An in vivo trial demonstrated that the inclusion of 40% of these plants as pellets in sheep diet reduced enteric methane without compromising the nutritive value of the diet. An in vitro trial showed that the response to tannins was more due to tannin concentration than to the plant species. In the third study, plants rich in hydrolysable tannins (leaves and pods of Acacia nilotica) or in condensed tannins (leaves of Calliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Manihot esculenta, Musa spp) were studied for their anti-methanogenic properties and their ruminal degradation in an in situ and an in vitro trial. Results suggest that hydrolysable tannins are more suitable than condensed tannins for mitigating methane emission because of a strong reduction in methane production without negatively affecting ruminal fermentation. These results have been partly explained by the fate of the different fractions of condensed tannins (free, protein-bound and fibre-bound) in the rumen. The association of plants rich in hydrolysable tannins with plants rich in condensed tannins failed to produce synergistic effects on methane mitigation. This work showed that enteric methane production by ruminants could be reduced in tropical areas by the inclusion of hydrolysable tannins without compromising digestive processes in the rumen; methane mitigation with condensed tannins may result in a reduction of the extent of fermentation
Montalván, Zoila Catalina Rabanal de. "Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos de características reprodutivas de ovinos Santa Inês utilizando inferência Bayesiana". Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6348.
Testo completoObjetivou-se estimar componentes de (co)variância e parâmetros genéticos para características reprodutivas de ovinos Santa Inês, criados em diferentes estados e registrados na Associação Sergipana dos Criadores de Caprinos e Ovinos. O banco de dados utilizado foi fornecido por esta associação, composto por observações de pedigree originadas de 11.483 indivíduos registrados dos quais 2.238 eram nascidos no programa e tinham registro de parto, permanecendo na matriz de parentesco. Após a aplicação das restrições, foram mantidas na análise 843 animais com dados referentes a característica idade ao primeiro parto (IPP1), 151 referentes a intervalo médio ao parto (IPM2) e 151 para intervalo entre primeiro e segundo parto (IPS3). Para obter os valores dos componentes de (co)variância e parâmetros genéticos utilizou-se analise bayesiana sob modelo animal mediante o algorismo Amostrador de Gibbs com o auxilio do programa MTGSAM. O modelo linear bicaracterística utilizado considerava como efeito fixo o grupo contemporâneo para as características IPP1, IPM2 e IPS3, considerou-se o efeito do tipo de parto e a idade do animal ao parto como efeito (co)variável. Os valores de h2 estimados para IPP1, IPM2 e IPS3 foram iguais a 0.19±0.0459, 0.36±0.0169 e 0.35±0.016 respectivamente. O valor estimado da herdabilidade para IPP1 é considerado médio e os valor para IPM2 e IPS3 alto, fato que leva a concluir que estas característica podem ser usadas como critério de seleção em um programa de melhoramento de ovinos da raça Santa Inês. O valor estimado para a correlação entre características IPP1 e IMP2; IPP1 e IPS2 foram negativos e iguais a rg12= -0.2569 ± 0.0546, rg13= -0.1134 ± 0.0553 valores fisiologicamente esperados de baixa magnitude que sugerem seleção individual para essas características, entretanto para IPM2 e IPS3 a rg23 mostra tendência positiva e muito elevada igual a rg23= 0.9601 ± 0.0091 valor que indica a seleção indireta o melhor caminho.
Alhamada, Alhamada Moutaz. "Les chevauchements, enregistrés automatiquement lors de la reproduction des ovins, sont indicateurs de la libido des béliers et de la valeur reproductive des brebis". Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSAM0032/document.
Testo completoAutomatically recorded mountings of rams provide information on their libido and breeding value of ewes.Abstract:The demand for livestock products pushes farmers to reduce inputs and remove hormonal treatments used to control ewe’s reproduction. These trends put forward research lines that are aimed to study sexual behaviours of both rams and ewes. The electronic oestrus detector, developed by UMR Selmet, looked promising but still had to be accompanied by further experimental validation. Our studies were conducted on Merino’s d’Arles sheep of Domaine de Merle, which are bred in an extensive farming system with a mating period occurring in spring as many other Mediterranean breeds. Our first step was to validate the electronic detector on sheep by comparison to video observation. We showed that 93% of mounts are registered, and as ewes in oestrus accept multiple mounts: all the ewes are detected with this device. In a second step we used several rams (n=6) with a larger number of ewes (n = 60). This confirmed that ewes express a strong variability 1) of the timed response to hormonal treatments, 2) of the oestrus duration and 3) the total number of mounts per ewe. We also demonstrated that the wide dispersion of the number of mounts done by rams was however repeated, with the same flock, in subsequent cycles.Then, we focussed on ram sexual behaviour by placing them with few oestrus ewes under visual test (the reference method). We evaluated 6 intact Merino rams and 6 vasectomized rams of the Mourerous breed, this test was done thrice: at spring one year apart and also at the autumn. We found conventional amplitude of seasonal variations on the activities of rams during the three seasons. We demonstrated that male libido, defined by the sum of their pre-copulatory and copulatory activity, was well correlated (r = + 0.80, n = 18) with the counted mounts by the detector of the same rams but with several hundreds of ewes. Therefore, the libido can be estimated by number of mounts. In addition, we get a clear correlation between the observed copulatory activities and automatically collected mounts within a flock of ewes. We found that ranked rams’ libido scores are repeated. This is very stable within-season (one cycle) and between-seasons (from one season to the next). A one year apart repeatability of mounts was better (94%) within the flock than when measured by mounts number during tests (80%). Given that fertility of undernourished ewes is lower, we studied the behavior of ewes that underwent three contrasting diets applied for 3 months. We observed that receptivity and proceptivity of ewes do not change according to their nutritional status, through against their ability to attract the rams (attractiveness) is much stronger if they are heavier and/or had favorable metabolic profiles (metabolites and hormones). These results were further confirmed within rams’ mating flock (when bodyweight are widespread). In the discussion, we resume our results that show that within extensive livestock system, ewe plays a central role in attracting or not the rams. These rams, although chosen for breeding, have very variable but repeated libido score. The electronic oestrus detector, included in a precision farming system, could be used to improve the breeding of sheep, based on this knowledge.Keywords: sexual behaviour, preferential mating, libido, attractiveness, receptiveness, proceptivity and precision farming
Gras, Benjamin. "Les oubliés de la recommandation sociale". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0017/document.
Testo completoA recommender system aims at providing relevant resources to a user, named the active user. To allow this recommendation, the system exploits the information it has collected about the active user or about resources. The collaborative filtering (CF) is a widely used recommandation approach. The data exploited by CF are the preferences expressed by users on resources. CF is based on the assumption that preferences are consistent between users, allowing a user's preferences to be inferred from the preferences of other users. In a CF-based recommender system, at least one user community has to share the preferences of the active user to provide him with high quality recommendations. Let us define a specific preference as a preference that is not shared by any group of user. A user with several specific preferences will likely be poorly served by a classic CF approach. This is the problem of Grey Sheep Users (GSU). In this thesis, I focus on three separate questions. 1) What is a specific preference? I give an answer by proposing associated hypotheses that I validate experimentally. 2) How to identify GSU in preference data? This identification is important to anticipate the low quality recommendations that will be provided to these users. I propose numerical indicators to identify GSU in a social recommendation dataset. These indicators outperform those of the state of the art and allow to isolate users whose quality of recommendations is very low. 3) How can I model GSU to improve the quality of the recommendations they receive? I propose new recommendation approaches to allow GSU to benefit from the opinions of other users
Demmerle, Stefan. "Optimisation des essais biaxiaux directs sur les métaux laminés". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10138.
Testo completoKeatley, P. A. "Modelling the impact of Market and Policy Conditions on the Optimal Production of food and environment goods by beef and sheep farms in the less favoured areas of Northern Ireland". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527822.
Testo completoOget, Claire. "Effet pléiotrope de la mutation R96C dans le gène SOCS2 chez la brebis laitière". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0100.
Testo completoIn this PhD thesis, we investigated a mutation in the SOCS2 gene (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 2) with a pleiotropic effect, i.e. it affects several traits of interest in the Lacaune dairy sheep. This mutation is unfavourable for mastitis resistance (udder inflammation), and favourable for growth and milk production traits..T Located in the highly conserved binding domain of the SOCS2 protein, this point mutation (SNP - Single Nucleotide Polymorphism), l ocated in the highly conserved binding domain of the SOCS2 protein, causes the loss of functionality of the protein that is involved in a major signalling pathway in mammals:, the JAK (Janus Kinase) / STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) pathway, regulating a large spectrum of cytokines and growth factors. The first objective of this PhD thesis was to provide a basis for considering this mutation in the context of genomic selection in the Lacaune breed. Weighted evaluation methods, and the addition of the SOCS2 SNP among the chip markers, brought gains in accuracy on predictions (+3.99% and +0.26% respectively on average), suggesting the possibility of more efficient selection. The Gene Content method was also interesting because it made it possibleallowed to dissociate the genetic value due to the SOCS2 gene from that of the other genes (polygene). Thus, we have shown that the current selection in Lacaune breed allows reducing the frequency of the unfavourable SOCS2 allele while improving the resistance to mastitis explained by the remaining part of the genome. The second objective was to study the effects of SOCS2 on traits of interest not yet investigated: udder infection status and reproduction in females, and growth in males. Association studies with a 960 SNP chip, including SOCS2 SNP, confirmed the effect of SOCS2 on milk production and mammary inflammation, and showed a direct effect on infection using new fine phenotypes (bacteriology, clinical examinations). Linear models showed that the SOCS2 mutation was associated with: i) an increase in weight in young males (+1.5%), as observed in ewes, and ii) a decrease in the artificial insemination success rate in ewes (+1.3 times the risk of failure), with no effect on prolificacy. These striking and original results on reproduction pave the way for further analyses to determine in particular at what biological stage (ovulation, fecundation, embryonic implantation, etc.) the SOCS2 protein could be involved. The last objective was to determine the role of the SOCS2 protein in the underlying biological immune mechanisms of immunity by investigating the response of 14 homozygous carrier and non-carrier ewes to intramammary infection by Staphylococcus aureus. All ewes developed two peaks of immune cell recruitment to the udder at 20 and 88 hours post-inoculation (T20 and T88). Differential analysis of the expressed genes confirmed a modification of the transcriptome from T16 related to the activation of the immune system, the DNA repair and the cellular apoptosis pathways. Ewes carrying the SOCS2 mutation were distinguished from wild ewes by an increased clinical response at T56 and a difference in T lymphocyte recruitment at the time of the inflammatory peaks. At T56, a total of 177 genes were differentially expressed between the two genotypes. A functional analysis of these genes, and the integration between gene expression and phenotypes, suggest that the mutation leads to an over activation of signal transmission and regulatory pathways (interferons, STAT3) with a deleterious impact on the clinical status of ewes
Destrez, Alexandra. "Accumulation d'émotions et modifications de la sensibilité émotionnelle et des fonctions cognitives chez les ovins". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798018.
Testo completoMorgado, Brajones Javier. "OPTO-MECA-SPIM : imagerie dynamique et interactive de phénomènes mécanobiologiques dans les tissus". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30252.
Testo completoIn recent years, tissue mimics (TMs) such as microtissues, spheroids, and organoid cultures have become increasingly important in life-science research, as they provide a physiologically relevant environment for cell growth, tissue morphogenesis, and stem cell differentiation. Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (SPIM) is one of the most prominent microscopy modalities for three-dimensional tissue imaging, and a sine qua non tool to understand cell biology in TMs. However, while SPIM is regarded as a very powerful tool for TM imaging, optical microscopy suffers from certain limitations when imaging 3D samples. Indeed, scattering, absorption and optical aberrations limit the depth at which useful imaging can be done, typically no more than 100 µm. Adaptive Optics (AO) is a technique capable of improving image quality at depth by correcting the optical aberrations introduced by the sample which is seeing increasing use in fluorescence microscopes. For this thesis, I have incorporated a wavefront sensor AO scheme to SPIM, able to correct aberrations in optically thick TMs such as multi-cellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). Due to the low amount of light produced by non-linear guide stars such as the one used in our system, a custom high-sensitivity Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS) was developed for our needs. In this work, I characterize the performance of this SHWFS and the ability of our system to correct aberration in various conditions, including inside TMs. I show unprecedented image quality improvements for in-depth imaging of MCTS, in regard of high-frequency detail and resolution. This allowed us to identify biologically relevant features at depths inaccessible to conventional SPIM. Up-converting nanoparticles (UCNP) are rare-earth based particles that are able to undergo photon up-conversion when illuminated, emitting light of a shorter wavelength than that of the illumination. Guide stars made from UCNP are especially attractive due to the possibility of them being excited in the near-infrared while emitting visible light, reducing photodamage produced by the illumination light. The viability of using UCNP as guide stars in biological samples in explored in this thesis
Aguerre, Sophie. "Résistance génétique aux nématodes gastro-intestinaux chez les ovins : évaluation des stratégies de sélection et de leur impact à l'échelle de l'élevage". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0111.
Testo completoGastrointestinal nematodes are a major constraint on the health of grazing ruminants and cause significant production losses. The systematic use of anthelmintics has been questioned for several years due to the development of parasite resistance to these molecules, their impact on the environment and consumer concerns about livestock industry. A major research effort is being made to find strategies that, combined with a rational use of anthelmintics, would allow sustainable control of gastrointestinal nematodes. The genetic selection of more resistant animals is one of the most promising. This thesis aims to study the implementation of this selection and to evaluate the impacts it could have on the other traits under selection and on the different biological functions of the animal (growth, production, reproduction). An experimental infestation protocol has been developed to evaluate the resistance capacities of animals to the hematophagus nematode Haemonchus contortus by measuring the number of parasite eggs excreted in the faeces and the hematocrit. The genetic parameters of these parasite resistance traits show that resistance is heritable and that a very good correlation exists between experimentally infested rams and ewes infested on pasture in the Blond-faced Manech dairy breed. These results validated the effectiveness of the use of experimental infestation protocols in selection schemes to predict parasite resistance in natural conditions of infestation. The search for genome regions involved in resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes has revealed a polygenic determinism of this trait. Concomitant selection for milk production traits and low fecal egg counts is recommended in the future. It is feasible since low, although unfavourable, genetic correlations have been estimated between the number of eggs excreted in faeces and milk production traits. Finally, the long-term effects of the selection were evaluated in a study involving divergent lines selected in Romane breed for increased resistance or sensitivity to H. contortus. The effectiveness of the selection has been demonstrated in young growing females. The results showed that this selection could be associated with a higher energy cost of the immune response in resistant animals during the first weeks after infestation. But we have to evaluate this energy cost at a later time post infestation and for different physiological status of the animal. In conclusion, a selection for effective parasite resistance can be put in place but additional studies must be carried out in order to estimate its long-term impacts
Mehal, Jean Elie. "Analyse de l'influence de rugosités organisées sur les écoulements cavitants instationnaires". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01062146.
Testo completoZiyadi, Mohamed. "Vivre dans les montagnes arides ou sub-arides : l'aménagement des pentes dans l'Anti-Atlas central et occidental (Maroc)". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN21028/document.
Testo completoThe living conditions of the population in the Anti-Atlas Mountains are not ideal for agriculture: rains are very irregular and insufficient; the soil is skeletal and stony, as it develops from an old geological substratum and on steep slopes. To make up for those hostile conditions, for centuries and perhaps for millennia, the mountain society of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas has endeavoured to manage the slopes so as to preserve arable land and especially to capture rainfall runoff, so as to imbibe the land with it. Nowadays, those structures are sometimes fossilized and threatened with disrepair and destruction now that agricultural activities have come to an end. This situation is striking in all the Anti-Atlas areas I have travelled through. The work and the skills of local farmers are therefore in danger of being lost. It is essential to study those artifacts while they are still partly functional, as they can still enrich the cultural potential of this southern mountainous area, already rich of its many landscapes and architectural vestiges
Chylinski, Caroline. "Qu'est ce qui fait le succès des nématodes gastro-intestinaux chez leur hôte ? : Etude du rôle des nématodes, des moutons et des éleveurs". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4028/document.
Testo completoThe success of gastrointestinal nematodes in their sheep hosts is so extensive that they present one of the leading threats to ruminant health and production throughout the globe. This thesis research identified three key factors which influence their success including the gastrointestinal nematode biology, the sheep host protective response and the farmers control decisions. Using Haemonchus contortus as a model species, we demonstrated that the success of GIN biology is aided by their capacity to overcome numerous selective pressures that target both parasitic and free-living stages in their life cycle. This was achieved by amplifying life-history traits following challenge to recoup any costs in survival and reproduction. In turn, high levels of fitness were maintained and they remained stable in the face of numerous selective pressures. Sheep have the capacity to exert almost perfect control over GIN success by blocking their life cycle through via protective responses
Salah, Nizar. "Alimentation de caprins, ovins et bovins viande dans les régions chaudes. "Evaluation des besoins énergétiques et protéiques des animaux et réponses animales à l’alimentation. Evaluation du système d’unité d’alimentation INRA à prédire la valeur des ressources fourragères"". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0011/document.
Testo completoThe overall aim of the thesis project was to generate knowledge to contribute to the development of good feeding practices for sheep goats and cattle in warm regions. The methodology used in this project crossed meta-analysis to an experimental approach. The maintenance energy requirements of goats, sheep and cattle in warm regions are higher than those of ruminants in temperate regions. These differences were partly attributed to the capacity of livestock genotypes of these regions to mobilize a fraction of the nutrients ingested for unproductive functions adaptation to stress and the energy cost of ingestion and digestion of more fibrous diets. The estimation for the energy requirements for production was the same order of magnitude as the genotypes of temperate regions. Our estimates of protein requirements for maintenance and production show that they are higher with tropical genotypes compared to temperate genotypes.The hierarchy of needs between species varies with their modes of expression (expression of metabolic weight).The energy and protein supply unit system of INRA, based on a mechanistic approach to the use of feed, potentially leads to a good assessment of food resources. However, some factors must be revised to reflect the specific composition of forage resources in warm regions
Jacques, Nicolas Georges Marcel. "Modélisation et étude du plissement des tôles lors de leur transport en continu dans les usines sidérurgiques". Metz, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004METZ038S.
Testo completoIn processing lines, sheets of metal are in a continuous form, called strip, and are driving by upper and lower rolls in an alternate up and down motion. This work deals with the formation of wrinkles when a strip passes over a roll. Finite element analyses are carried out to modelize wrinkling. Occurrence of wrinkles follows a buckling phenomenon induced by a tensile load, applied in order to avoid strip wandering. Indeed, when the strip is stretched, small compressive stresses appear near the roll and cause the strip buckling. Due to friction, the strip displacement increases significantly stresses induced by the buckling. So, the yield stress may be reached. In some cases, buckles evolve to create a wrinkle by a plastic cumulative mechanism. The influence of friction on the wrinkles formation is investigated. The mechanism of wrinkling is not the same for low and high values of the friction coefficient. Numerical results concerning the influence of the friction coefficient have been validated by an experimental study. Next, simulations are performed to modelize the wrinkling of steel sheets in continuous annealing furnaces. In this case, the effect of plasticity is more important. The influence of the sheet flatness is also taken into account. In addition, an analytical study of the buckling of plates under global tension is proposed
Tan, Ning. "Comprendre l’évolution de la cryosphère et du climat du Pliocène à la transition Plio-Pléistocène". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV032/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is devoted tounderstanding the interaction betweencryosphere and climate from the mid Plioceneto the early Quaternary during the onset ofNorthern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG).Firstly, we investigate the causes for thedevelopment and decay of the large but shortliving glaciation that occurred during MarineIsotope Stage 2 (M2, 3.264-¬3.312 Ma);Secondly, in the framework of the internationalPliocene Model Intercomparison Project(PLIOMIP2), we study the climate of Mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (MPWP, 3.3-3.0Ma).Thirdly, we explore the Plio-PleistoceneTransition (PPT, 3.0-2.5Ma) with anappropriate asynchronously coupled climatecryosphere model. Through these differentperiods, we provide a better understanding ofthe relationship between pCO2, tectonics andclimat during the transition from a warm andhigh-CO2 world to the cold and low-CO2Quaternary glaciations. This work also pointsout the necessity to further study the linkbetween ocean dynamics, carbon cycle andclimate
Tillet, Yves. "Les monoamines de l'encephale du mouton (ovis aries) : etude immunocytochimique de la microanatomie et de l'ontogenese des structures concernees". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066580.
Testo completoTaoudi, Abdelali. "Epidemiologie des infections a mycoplasmes chez les bovins et les petits ruminants au maroc : etude de mycoplasma capricolum". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF2E372.
Testo completoLoiret, Richard. "Le Bilan écologique. Mesurer la perturbation anthropogénique de l’Ecosphère et de la Biosphère (un bilan de l'Anthropocène). Caractériser les voies du Développement écologique des territoires". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV001/document.
Testo completo(Abstract of the thesis) Having noted the failure of its 2010 targets for biodiversity, including, among others, the inability of the Ecological Footprint to account for biodiversity, the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted in 2011 "The 2011-2020 Aichi Targets for biodiversity". Among these, objectives 1 and 2 concern awareness of the values of biodiversity, their integration into national and local development planning process, and their incorporation into national accounts. This how these objectives of the CBD converge now with those of the United Nations for the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA). This thesis lie within this unified questioning framework. It has the double purpose : (a) of searching for, founding and developing a biophysical measurement unit of biodiversity, characterizing just as well the natural order as the anthropogenic disorder, and (b) to incorporate it into a new physical accounting system, the Ecological balance sheet. The latter is likely to compare, for all territorial scales, the Ecological liability of urban communities, seen as the biophysical reflection of their monetary accounting, to the Ecological asset of their natural spaces, in order to reveal the relationships of cause and effect, and to signify the cumulative impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on the Ecosphere and the Biosphere. In the end, it would have so vocation to enable us to characterize the ways of a truly ecological development of the territories
Asli, Mounir. "Etude des transferts couplés de chaleur et de masse dans les matériaux bio-sourcés : approches numérique et expérimentale". Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0210/document.
Testo completoThe work developed in this thesis aims to study the hygrothermal behavior of bio-sourced insulating materials, and more particularly wood fibers, hemp concrete, linen wool, sheep wool, material made of textile recycling (metisse®) and flax shives. These materials, which are essentially natural, have specific characteristics linked to their origin (animal or vegetable) and their structure (fibers, straw, solid matrix, etc.). Their very high porosity makes them reactive to the relative humidity variations, which can affect their thermal performances and their durability (as for all materials), but also give them a regulation capacities. In order to improve the knowledge of these particular materials, first, we propose to study the impact caused by moisture on their thermal characteristics, mainly thermal conductivity and specific heat. Then the hygrothermal characteristics are studied, which makes it possible to better understand the phenomena depending on the capacities of adsorption, desorption, permeability or water vapor resistance. Also, we realize the importance of the temperature gradient impact on the evolution of the hygroscopic transfers within the materials. By placing the studied bio-sourced insulation materials under random loading or under real conditions, it will be possible to follow their hygrothermal behavior from an experimental point of view. The numerical approach makes it possible to identify the preponderant influence parameters, in the context of the prediction of coupled heat and mass transfers by simulation under particular conditions of use, such as the renovation of an existing habitat. On the basis of in situ measurements, it can be seen that these materials have a high adaptability to environments whose relative humidity is evolutionary
Millon, Eric. "Étude des mécanismes d'adhérence des émaux sur les aciers". Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10099.
Testo completoBeaudry, Luc M. "The systems of minor moraines (De Geer type,--) associated to the Laurentide ice sheet, Québec, Canada : genesis : applications to mineral prospection = Les systèmes de moraines mineures (type de Geer,--) associés à la calotte laurentidienne, Québec, Canada : genèse : applications à la prospection minérale /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Montréal : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. Université du Québec à Montréal, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Testo completoBibliogr.: f. 156-160. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Dudoignon, Patrick. "Les altérations hydrothermales des roches volcaniques de l'atoll de Mururoa (Polynésie française)". Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2007.
Testo completoCester, Christophe. "Étude des pertes magnétiques supplémentaires dans les machines asynchrones alimentées par onduleur à modulation de largeur d'impulsion". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0068.
Testo completoAbabsa, Mohamed Lamine. "Caractérisation de composants magnétiques et diélectriques pour les machines électriques tournantes très haute température High temperature magnetic characterization using an adapted Epstein frame High temperature characterization of electrical steels using an adapted Epstein frame". Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0205.
Testo completoIn this thesis work, we carried out a magnetic characterization measurements (hysteresis cycles, losses, H_c...) at very high temperatures up to 600 °C, using a characterization device adapted to these extremes conditions which is an Epstein frame that we have developed and implemented. Its validation is verified with a standard frame at ambient temperature. The measurements are performed by two types of ferromagnetic sheets mostly used: FeSi GO and NO. The results show a decrease with temperature in iron losses and different parameters which define the hysteresis cycle, and expose a similarity between the variation of coercive field and the losses per cycle. Subsequently, we described the losses and the coercive field as a function of temperature and frequency. That is done by a linear empirical equations in case of saturated materials and by an extension at high temperature of the Bertotti equation via an identification of its parameters in case of unsaturated materials. In a second phase, by measuring the voltage of partial discharge and of the electrical breakdown we characterized the insulation of a conductor intended to be used at a high temperature covered by mica; this later has an inorganic origin. These results show that the inhomogeneity of this insulation along of the conductor causes destructive discharges without appearance of partial discharges. This kind of wire consists of copper surrounded by a thin nickel layer and this later has been characterized magnetically during our work
Merceron, Thierry. "Les altérations hydrothermales de la coupole granitique d'échassières et de son environnement (sondage gpf echa n1)". Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2330.
Testo completoAnastassiou, Michel. "Influence des conditions de soudage sur les contraintes residuelles dans un point soude par resistance sur toles minces d'acier a bas carbone : relation avec la tenue en fatigue". Paris, ENSAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENAM0012.
Testo completoMansouri, Lotfi zoher. "Analyse des instabilités plastiques dans les matériaux ductiles endommageables : application à la prédiction de la striction et de la formabilité des tôles métalliques". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0059/document.
Testo completoDiffuse and localized necking are precursors to ductile fracture, and represent one of the main causes of metal parts rejection during forming operations. The implementation of theoretical and computational tools to predict the occurrence of these defects turns out to be necessary for economic and environmental reasons. These tools require in part the introduction of an appropriate behavior model in order to reproduce the physical phenomena involved during forming operations. Such a behavior model is then coupled to a plastic instability indicator providing the ability to reliably predict diffuse and localized necking. In the present work, we considered a micromechanical damage models based on Gurson's approach, which were coupled to different plastic instabilities criteria, based on Bifurcation Analysis. The numerical implementation of these models was carried within the implicit finite element code Abaqus/Standard. With regard to the damage models, several integration schemes were tested to analyze their performance and robustness when the behavior exhibits softening effect. The approach combining the Gurson's damage model and necking criteria has been applied for the prediction of formability limits of several metallic materials. The obtained results allowed establishing a theoretical and numerical classification between the necking criteria used in this work
Mondet, Jean. "Etude des paramètres de surface de la calotte polaire antarctique, dans les domaines spectraux du visible et du proche infrarouge, à partir des données de l'instrument de télédétection POLDER". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766029.
Testo completoLowdermilk, David Eric. "Manipulators and counter-manipulators: anagnorisis in John 21 through the lens of Genesis manipulation scenes". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9922.
Testo completoNew Testament
D. Th. (New Testament)
Liu, Dong, e 劉懂. "Study on Molding of Thermosetting Plastic Lens Sheet". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9gf5pf.
Testo completoKadeřávková, Lucie. "Problematika smrkových monokultur v souvislosti s výskytem kůrovců v NP Šumava s aplikací do výuky". Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382993.
Testo completoViegas, Mário João Pereira. "Identificação da Anisotropia de Chapas Metálicas com Recurso a Ensaios Mecânicos Simples". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83311.
Testo completoA descrição do comportamento plástico das chapas metálicas, tendo em vista a simulação numérica do processo de estampagem, é realizada recorrendo a modelos constitutivos que foram desenvolvidos para prever o início e a evolução da deformação plástica de materiais submetidos a estados de tensão. Tais modelos são geralmente combinações dos seguintes componentes: (i) um critério de plasticidade que descreve a superfície de plasticidade do material no espaço multidimensional das tensões, no início e a qualquer momento da deformação plástica; (ii) leis encruamento que expressam a evolução da superfície de plasticidade durante a deformação plástica. Neste contexto, a identificação de parâmetros constitutivos centrada no desenvolvimento de estratégias de fácil implementação, que combinem as melhores características das estratégias clássicas e inversas, é um assunto de interesse industrial atual.Este trabalho envolve a identificação dos parâmetros de critérios de plasticidade, desde os mais simples aos mais complexos, isto é, com maior número de parâmetros a identificar, e como tal com maior flexibilidade na descrição do comportamento plástico de metais. Mais especificamente, é proposta uma metodologia de identificação de parâmetros de critérios de plasticidade de fácil utilização, que pressupõe o conhecimento prévio da lei de encruamento isotrópico, determinada a partir do ensaio de tração biaxial sob pressão de óleo, por exemplo. A abordagem utilizada na identificação de parâmetros baseia-se na minimização de funções objetivo que expressam a diferença entre resultados previstos analiticamente e experimentais.A implementação e otimização da estratégia de identificação teve em conta o número e o tipo de ensaios mecânicos, e pode ser aplicada em sequência a vários critérios de plasticidade. No essencial, recorre a ensaios de tração a diversos ângulos no plano da chapa, e utiliza os resultados das curvas tensão – deformação plástica e dos coeficientes de anisotropia; curvas tensão – deformação plástica obtidas em corte são também utilizadas. As análises realizadas incidiram na identificação de parâmetros de vários critérios de plasticidade (Hill’48; Drucker+L; Yld’91), de materiais cujo encruamento é descrito pelas leis de Swift e Voce. Especial atenção foi dada à escolha do critério de plasticidade que melhor descreve o comportamento anisotrópico do material, tendo em conta a comparação entre funções objetivo.
The description of the plastic behaviour of the sheet metals, in view of the numerical simulation of the sheet metal forming process, is carried out using constitutive models that were developed to predict the onset and the evolution of the plastic deformation of materials under stress conditions. Such models are usually combinations of the following components: (i) a plasticity criterion describing the yield surface of the material in the multidimensional stress space at the beginning and at any time of the plastic deformation; (ii) hardening laws that express the yield surface evolution during plastic deformation. In this context, the identification of constitutive parameters focused on the development of easy-to-implement strategies, combining the best features of classic and inverse strategies, is a matter of current industrial interest.This work involves the identification of parameters of yield criteria, from the simplest to the most complex, i.e. with larger number of parameters to be identified, and therefore with greater flexibility in the plastic behaviour description of metals. More specifically, an easy-to-use methodology for the identification of yield criteria parameters is proposed, which assumes the previous knowledge of the isotropic hardening law, determined from the bulge test for example. The approach used in the parameters identification is based on the minimization of objective functions that express the difference between analytically predicted and experimental results.The implementation and optimization of the identification strategy took into account the number and type of mechanical tests, and it can be applied in sequence to various yield criteria. Essentially, it resorts to tensile tests at various angles in the sheet plane, and uses the results of the stress - plastic strain curves and the respective anisotropy coefficients; shear stress - plastic strain curves were also used. The analyses were focused on the identification of several yield criteria parameters (Hill'48; Drucker + L; Yld'91) of materials whose hardening is described by Swift and Voce laws. Special attention was given to the choice of yield criterion that best describes the anisotropic behaviour of the material, taking into account the comparison between objective functions.
Beaudry, Luc M. "The systems of minor moraines (De Geer type,--) associated to the Laurentide ice sheet, Québec, Canada : genesis : applications to mineral prospection = Les systèmes de moraines mineures (type de Geer,--) associés à la calotte laurentidienne, Québec, Canada : genèse : applications à la prospection minérale". Thèse, 1994. http://constellation.uqac.ca/588/1/24084923.pdf.
Testo completoBolduc, Anne-Catherine. "Le métier de premier assistant réalisateur au Québec contemporain". Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13691.
Testo completoThis memoir in Film studies has been written in a context of research-creation and is about the first assistant director’s work in Quebec. A documentary (HD 27 min.) directed and edited by Anne-Catherine Bolduc goes along the master. The interviews footage (20 hours) is the reference for the executive summary of the documentary’s interviews and for this study of the first assistant director’s unknown job. Filmed in 2014, the documentary presents the viewpoint of ten professionals about the first assistant director’s job. The two documents describe and analyze the first assistant director’s job in evaluating the functions as well as the organizational and creative impacts on the realization. They address two main questions, namely what is the first assistant director’s job currently in Quebec and do the first assistant director have a creative influence on the film or television production.