Tesi: "Sexually transmitted diseases"

1

Ussher, Gregory Ronald. "The 'medical gaze' and the 'watchful eye' the treatment, prevention and epidemiology of venereal diseases in New South Wales c.1901-1925 /". Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3565.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.
Title from title screen (viewed October 9, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2007; theses submitted 2006. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

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2

Chen, Yao-Hsuan. "Network modeling of sexually transmitted diseases". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51883.

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We create a dynamic network model to replicate more closely the population network structures of interest. Network, Norms and HIV/STI Risk Among Youth (NNAHRAY) is a community relationship survey data set, which provides a rare sample of a human risky-behavior contact network. Combining disease compartmental models with our dynamic network model, we simulate the spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Virus (HSV2) with consideration of HSV2's synergistic impact on HIV's transmission. Our model reproduces HIV prevalence, HSV-2 prevalence, and the contact network close to those observed in NNAHRAY, with HIV annual prevalence closer to the estimated values from the literature than those of any disease spread model based on static networks. The success of fitting our model to the target data shows the importance of considering the data sampling process, contact dynamics, and contact network structures. Our model, under certain conditions, has prevalence prediction results that are insensitive to changes in network size. The analysis of various prevention/intervention strategies targeting different risky groups gives important insights into strategy prioritization and illustrates how our model can be used to assist in making public health policy decisions in practice, both for individual diseases and in the more-recent area of study that considers synergy between two diseases.

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3

Theparod, Thitiya. "Network modelling for sexually transmitted diseases". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/82239/.

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The aim of this thesis is to propose suitable mathematical models for the analysis of sexually transmitted disease epidemics. We are interested in a closed population, where infections are only transmitted through heterosexual contacts. The population is hence divided into two groups: male and female. Individuals are classified according to gender, relationship and disease status. Both stochastic and deterministic SIS models are employed. The stochastic models are formulated in terms of a Markov process with a finite state space. Two main models are constructed and quantities of interest such as the basic reproduction number and endemic level of the sexually transmitted disease (STD) are obtained. The first model is formulated to describe dynamics of STDs, where the sexual behaviour is considered “faithful”. By being faithful, we mean individuals are monogamous, and there are no casual sexual contacts (one-night stands). The early stages of the epidemic are approximated by a 2-type branching process. This allows us to compute the following quantities of interest, the threshold parameter (R0) and the probability of extinction. In order to study the endemic level, it is helpful to use the deterministic (ODE) approximation of the stochastic SIS epidemic. The behaviour about the endemic equilibrium is studied using an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Stochastic simulations are utilised to obtain the mean time to extinction. The second model is an extension of the first model, where casual sexual contacts (one - night stands) are included in the model. The model is again a Markov process but its analysis is more involved. A key difference is now a 5 type branching process is used to approximate the initial stages of the epidemic, to determine the threshold parameter (R0) and the probability of extinction. Other quantities of interest are studied through similar approaches. Medication use is studied as a control measure in this thesis. We introduce a new parameter (v) governing the medication use into both models. Throughout we study the effect of the control strategies on the key quantities of interest highlighted above.

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4

Wiggins, Charles Lamar. "Kaposi's sarcoma and sexually transmitted disease /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10933.

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5

Leenaars, Petronella Engelina Maria. "Prevention and early detection of sexually transmitted diseases". Amsterdam : Maastricht : Thesis Publishers ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6593.

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6

Ndubani, Phillimon. "Young men's sexuality and sexually transmitted infections in Zambia /". Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-336-8.

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7

Heffernan, Catherine. "Sexually transmitted infections, sex and the Irish". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6ef4fefa-f41c-45b9-9b57-2758f5283dbc.

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The national reported rates of sexually transmitted infections (other than HIV/AIDS) in Ireland have been increasing over the last decade of the 20^th century. Medical professionals and epidemiologists consider the rates of STIs as indicators of the proportion of the population engaging in 'high risk' behaviour. According to this hypothesis, an increase in reported rates reflects an increase in 'high risk' behaviours. This thesis will examine this relationship and determine the reasons for the increased reported rates in Ireland. This will involve an investigation into Irish sexual behaviours and attitudes, thus giving an insight into Irish sexuality, which has previously attracted little sociological interest. Evidence in regard to Irish sexuality and sexually transmitted infections is limited. In the absence of longitudinal data on sexual behaviours and a national survey on STIs and risk-taking sexual behaviours, the question of the rising rates has to be addressed by collating available data from different sources. This involves: (1) the use of epidemiological and GUM clinics' information, (2) a socio-historical account of Irish sexuality and sexually transmitted infections and (3) a comparative analysis of Irish sexual behaviours and attitudes with four other countries utilising the International Social Survey Programme's 1994 dataset, Family and Changing Gender Roles II. It is concluded that the increasing reporting rates of STIs are not being directly caused by accompanying increases of 'high risk' sexual behaviours in the general population but are produced by a number of factors including a growing public openness about sexuality and sexual health awareness.

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8

Gott, C. Merryn. "Sexual activity, sexually transmitted diseases and risk behaviour among older adults". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3490/.

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Few data are currently available regarding the extent to which older people (defined here as those aged >50 years): i) are sexually active; ii) engage in `risky' sexual behaviours; and iii) contract sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). It was the primary aim of research described in this thesis to address these specific knowledge deficits and to ascertain whether the exclusion of this age group as a research focus within this subject field can be reasonably justified. The dearth of previous research undertaken in this area necessitated that a secondary goal be addressed, namely the development of methodologies appropriate to the collection from older people of data concerning such issues. Using a combination of self-administered questionnaire studies and secondary data analyses, undertaken both in health care settings and within the community at large, the programme of research clearly indicates that: 1. Older people represent a consistent minority of patients attending specialised genitourinary (GUM) clinics. Members of this group are further regularly diagnosed with STDs. Moreover, older clinic attenders exhibit distinctive socio-demographic and clinical characteristics relative both to younger clinic attenders and to the general population of the same age group. 2. The majority of older GUM clinic attenders are first time attenders and have not been diagnosed with an STD before 3. In the community at large the majority of older adults are sexually active, of whom a small minority (approximately 7%) engage in behaviours that place them at risk of contracting STDs. 4. Most older people, recruited from both health care and non-health care settings, feel that they have received very little information about STDs and HIV, and many indicated that they would like to receive more information on these topics.

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9

Mapolisa, Siphelo. "Socio-cultural beliefs concerning sexual relations, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3626.

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10

Nuwaha, Fred Ntoni. "Sexually transmitted infections in Uganda : implications for control /". Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4409-1/.

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11

Young, Hugh. "Laboratory diagnosis and epidemiology of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27730.

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This thesis brings together 118 published studies on the microbiology of sexually transmitted diseases resulting from work performed in the University of Edinburgh Department of Medical Microbiology between 1973 and 1995. The main aim of these studies was to improve microbiological aspects of the diagnosis and management of syphilis and gonorrhoea. The earliest publication on syphilis serology was the first to recommend the use of a specific treponemal antigen test, the Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) for routine screening. As a result of this study a screening schedule comprising the Venereal Diseases Research Laboratory (VDRL) and TPHA tests was introduced into routine practice in late 1973. Soon the same screening schedule was widely adopted in the United Kingdom and Europe. Appreciating the importance of computerised and automation I validated and standardised a prototype commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) as a single serological screening test and demonstrated that this gave a performance comparable to screening with the VDRL and TPHA tests while being suitable for automation and electronic report generation. Screening for syphilis by EIA is now becoming widespread throughout Europe. Because false positive EIA reactions may also show reactivity in the FTA-abs test, immunoblotting was evaluated as a confirmatory test. The possibility of syphilis reactivation and loss of treponemal markers in patients co-infected with HIV were also studied.

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12

Tolentino, Sean Lucio. "Effective and efficient algorithms for simulating sexually transmitted diseases". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1509.

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Sexually transmitted diseases affect millions of lives every year. In order to most effectively use prevention resources epidemiologists deploy models to understand how the disease spreads through the population and which intervention methods will be most effective at reducing disease perpetuation. Increasingly agent-based models are being used to simulate population heterogeneity and fine-grain sociological effects that are difficult to capture with traditional compartmental and statistical models. A key challenge is using a sufficiently large number of agents to produce robust and reliable results while also running in a reasonable amount of time. In this thesis we show the effectiveness of agent-based modeling in planning coordinated responses to a sexually transmitted disease epidemic and present efficient algorithms for running these models in parallel and in a distributed setting. The model is able to account for population heterogeneity like age preference, concurrent partnership, and coital dilution, and the implementation scales well to large population sizes to produce robust results in a reasonable amount of time. The work helps epidemiologists and public health officials plan a targeted and well-informed response to a variety of epidemic scenarios.

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13

Mcghan, Cheryl G. "Repeated acquisition of sexually transmitted infections feelings, perceptions, and explanations of adolescent girls /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009120.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2005.
Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 265 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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14

Alam, Nazmul. "Partner referral among patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Dhaka, Bangladesh". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/alam.pdf.

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15

Oldenburg, Kristina. ""All the prostitutes may be made subject to supervision and the spread of disease infinitely reduced'': Alexandre Parent-Ducha{u00B4}telet and William Acton's regulatory proposals /". Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2650.

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16

Masters, Mychael Brooke. "College students' knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases in relation to sexual self-efficacy". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10838.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2009.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 49 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-39).

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17

Lukong, Paul Foka. "The diffusion of HIV/AIDS in sub Saharan Africa : the role of social, economic and cultural factors /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envl954.pdf.

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18

Lukong, Paul Foka. "The integration of geospatial data into the surveillance and management of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon : thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl9549.pdf.

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19

Eche, Mecha Nwoke. "Health seeking behaviour in relation to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Nkomazi East of Mpumalanga". Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/542.

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Thesis (M. Med.(Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010.
Background: The control of STIs remains a priority for the WHO. Health – seeking and sexual behaviors are important elements in the control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Aim: To assess health seeking behavior in relation to STIs amongst community members of Nkomazi East area of Mpumalanga who use Tonga hospital’s feeder clinics and comprehensive health centers. Study Design: This was a quantitative research carried out as a non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional survey employing the use of questionnaires for data collection. Questionnaires covering social, demographic, and healthcare-seeking and sexual behaviour information were administered to 332 patients attending primary care clinics in Nkomazi East area of Mpumalanga. Results: Majority of the participants were single, literate, unemployed blacks aged between 16 – 23 years (43.7%). Participants displayed an exceptionally high STI knowledge with urethral discharge, painful micturition, vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pain the most recognised STI symptoms. All the participants (100%) sought help on perceiving that they have an STI. Preferred source of help is the public health sector with traditional healers also finding some relevance. While compliance to treatment is largely satisfactory, ongoing unsafe sexual practices with active STI seem to be common place. Conclusion: Participants displayed a high knowledge of STI symptoms and signs. Public health facilities were the preferred source of health. Health seeking seemed to be influenced by multiple factors. Financial consideration was not much of a factor while seeking help compared to accessibility to health facility and stigma or shame. Belief system, influence by family members, friends and partners were also important factors influencing health seeking behaviour

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20

Faxelid, Elisabeth. "Quality of care for patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Zambia /". Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2655-7/.

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21

Kurth, Ann Elizabeth. "Audio computer-assisted self interviewing for sexually transmitted infection prediction /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10890.

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22

Prystowsky, Elya E. "Sexual intercourse, sexually transmitted infections, and urinary tract infections in post-menopausal women /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10907.

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23

Jonsson, Monica. "Sexually transmitted diseases and sexual behaviour among young Swedish women : a population-based study". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Allmänmedicin, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96898.

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Most epidemiologic studies of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are based on patients seeking help or advice at various health care settings. Because many STD:s are subclinical, epidemiologic surveys can be strengthened by a population-based approach. The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and incidence of STDs in a population of young women, and to assess associations between STDs and social background, education, previous genital infections, sexual behaviour, contraceptive use and reproductive experience. All women belonging to the 19-, 21-, 23- and 25-year age cohorts and living in the catchment area of a community health center, were invited by mail to participate in the study. In the presence of the investigator, participants answered a structured questionaire regarding their social background, education, previous genital infections, sexual behaviour, contraceptive use and reproductive experience. A gynecologic examination was performed. Cervical scrapes for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, as well as samples for wet smear, cervical pap smear, and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) culture were taken. The presence of genital warts was noted, and a colposcopy was performed 2-5 minutes after application of 5% acetic acid on the cervix and vulva. Acetowhite changes were then assessed. A serologic test for CT and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) antibodies were performed. Of the 816 women available, 611 (75%) participated in the study. One out of four women reported symptoms from the lower genital tract. The most common were itching, followed by discharge and soreness. There was a significant correlation between the womens" complaint of vaginal discharge, and previous CT infection, lack of lactobacilli and the presence of leucocytosis in wet smear. Twenty-two percent of the women were HPV DNA positive and acetowhitening at the cervix was observed in 16% of the women. The sensitivity of detection of HPV infection by acetowhitening of the cervix was 22% (95%CI 18%, 26%), and the specificity was 90% (95% Cl 87%, 93%). C.trachomatis culture positivity was found in 2.7% of the women and the seroprevalence of CT was 24.7 %. Atypical cytology was found in 3.4% of the women and 6.6% was HSV-2 seropositiv. Of the women studied 23.6% reported having had at least one STD previously and the laboratory analysis showed 45.4% to have had at least one STD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of sexual partners, age at first coitus, history of therapeutic abortion, and previous pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) was independently correlated with CT seropositivity. Lifetime number of sexual partners was the only independent risk factor for HPV. Multivariate analysis showed that increasing age, early sexual debut, and a history of spontaneous abortion were independently related to the presence of HSV-2 antibodies. The lifetime number of sexual partners and coitus on first date were independently associated with a previous STD. Conclusion, We found that one out of four women had some kind of lower genital tract complaint, almost every other women had at sometime in their life an STD, and STDs were often asymptomatic. Acetowhitening of the cervix and vulva has low sensitivity, to low to warrant its use as a predictor of subclinical HPV infection. The pattern of risk factors differed between STDs.

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digitalisering@umu

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24

Sassone, Jaimie H. "The familiar companion of courtizans : prostitution, disease and disorder in early modern London /". Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1176388462.

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25

Beard, Erin E. "The Levite's concubine a victim's fascination with her enslavement /". Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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26

Cowan, Frances Mary. "The epidemiology of apparent and inapparent herpes simplex infection and its association with sexual lifestyle". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281740.

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27

Brown, Timothy James. "Chancroid and the heat shock response of Haemphilus ducreyi". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283300.

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28

James, Nicola Jayne. "A randomised controlled trial of HIV prevention in a clinic setting". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339550.

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29

Copley, C. G. "Studies on typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae". Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356312.

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30

Butt, Neil James. "The complete nucleotide sequence and immunochemistry of the major outer membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316059.

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31

Masson, Lindi. "The impact of sexually transmitted infections and inflammation in the female genital tract and blood on susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18609.

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Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest prevalence of HIV-1 worldwide, most newHIV-1 infections occur by sexual transmission to women. Recent studies in non-human primates have demonstrated that pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the genital tract is necessary for immune cell recruitment and establishment of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection following vaginal inoculation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between inflammation in the female genital tract and (i) susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and (ii) subsequent disease progression in women who became infected. Additionally, genital inflammation was investigated as a mechanism for breakthrough HIV-1 infections in women who became infected even though they were using 1% tenofovir (TFV) microbicide. In the systemic compartment, the level of T cell activation and soluble markers of immune activation during HIV-1 infection are associated with disease outcome. Therefore, the relationships between plasma cytokine concentrations during early HIV-1 infection and disease progression were evaluated Methods. The participants of this study included 230 HIV-uninfected women from the CAPRISA 002cohort who were followed longitudinally for HIV-1 infection, 49 women who were enrolled during acuteHIV-1 infection and followed until 12 months post-infection and 166 HIV-uninfected women who were enrolled in the CAPRISA 004 1% TFV microbicide trial (62 of whom later became HIV-1-infected).Cytokine concentrations were measured in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma samples from these women using Luminex and ELISA.

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32

Lin, Luyang. "The transmission and control of syphilis in Guangzhou". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41711191.

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33

Fletcher, Courtney Vail. "Communication patterns following the acquisition of a sexually transmitted infection". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4241.

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34

Hanley, Anne Rebecca. "Development and dissemination of venereological knowledge among English medical professionals, 1886-1913". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708367.

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35

Hanson, Stefan. "Control of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections : studies in Tanzania and Zambia /". Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-156-2/.

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Edvinsson, Alfrida, e Anna Schmidt. "Sexually transmitted diseases in Vietnam: Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among vocational students". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-154466.

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Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have been a increasing problem worldwide with an estimation of 340 million new cases each year. STDs are one of the top five reasons of seeking health care in the developing countries. Aim: The aim was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding STDs among young adults in two vocational schools in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and also compare the genders regarding the issues. Method: A descriptive and comparative study was used. The 455 students between the age of 15 and 24, both male and female, participated voluntarily to answer a questionnaire. Dorothea Orem’s self-caring theory was provided as theoretical framework. Results: The students showed a low knowledge regarding STDs. Small differences between the genders could be seen regarding knowledge where the males had a higher knowledge regarding symptoms of STDs. Conclusions: The adolescents had lack of knowledge about STDs and no greater difference between genders have been shown. The traditional attitudes must change and follow the development of Vietnam. Further research should be performed to find out if there is any difference between students in rural and central areas of Vietnam.

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Svensson, Linn, e Sara Waern. "Knowledge of and attitudes to sexually transmitted diseases among Thai university students". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202708.

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Sexually transmitted diseases are a major problem among adolescents in Thailand, and seeing that unprotected sex is a growing trend, awareness must be increased. The aim of this study was to examine Thai students’ knowledge of and attitudes to STDs as well as if there are any differences in gender regarding these questions. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at a private university in Bangkok, Thailand. The Health Belief Model was provided as theoretical framework. A questionnaire was answered voluntarily by 150 students, both male and female. The results showed that the students had low level of knowledge on STDs and their attitudes showed that they have many misconceptions regarding these issues. The study also showed that Thai students want to learn more about STDs and wish to receive this information from school. No major difference in gender was found. This study shows that additional education on STDs is needed among Thai adolescents. Further research in this area is acquired to get a wider perspective of Thai students’ knowledge on STDs, to help prevent future spreading of STDs.
Sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar är ett stort problem hos ungdomar i Thailand och eftersom oskyddat sex är en växande trend bör detta uppmärksammas. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka thailändska studenters kunskap om och attityder till sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar. Studien önskade även undersöka huruvida det fanns någon skillnad mellan könen. En deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie gjordes på ett privat universitet i Bangkok, Thailand. Health Belief Model användes som teoretiskt ramverk. Ett frågeformulär besvarades frivilligt av 150 manliga och kvinnliga studenter. Resultatet visade att studenterna hade bristande kunskaper om sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar. Deras attityder visade att studenterna hade många felaktiga uppfattningar i frågan. Studien visade även att de thailändska studenterna vill lära sig mer om sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar och önskar att få denna information ifrån skolan. Studien visade inga stora skillnader mellan könen. Denna studie visar att ytterligare kunskaper om sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar hos thailändska ungdomar behövs. Ytterligare forskning inom området är önskvärt. Detta för att få ett bredare perspektiv om thailändska studenters kunskaper om sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar, för att bidra till att förebygga ytterligare smittspridning.

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Baloda, Meenu. "Lateral Flow Nucleic Acid Biosensor for the Detection of Sexually Transmitted Diseases". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27596.

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Nucleic acid detection is of central importance for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases, infectious agents, bio-warfare agents, and drug discovery. Nucleic acid testing for diseases is exclusively performed in laboratories using high-end instrumentation and personnel. However, this has developed the need for point of care diagnostics which can provide near-patient testing in a clinic, doctor’s office, or home. Such diagnostic tools can prove advantageous when rapid response is required or when suitable facilities are unavailable. Compared to equivalent methods used in laboratories, point of care testing is more affordable, as it eliminates the need for expensive instrumentation and skilled labor. One option involves the use of lateral flow assays. Pre-fabricated strips of dry reagents activated upon fluid application are already used in diagnostics, such as to ascertain pregnancy. Nucleic acid based detection assays on lateral flow offer several advantages over traditional microbiological detection methods. In this work we introduce a lateral flow biosensor that can combine the optical properties of nanoparticles (such as gold nanoparticles) with conventional immunoassay techniques to deliver a simple platform for rapid analysis of DNA with high sensitivity and selectivity. The quick 30 minute assay provides a platform to detect multiple nucleic acids with high efficiency achieved via chromatographic separation sandwich-type DNA hybridization reactions. Captured gold nanoparticles on the device can provide qualitative analysis by observing the color change to red and a semi-quantitative analysis via a strip reader. The biosensor was applied to the detection of human genomic DNA directly with high sensitivity and selectivity. The work was further expanded to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae samples using nucleic acid amplification to generate large numbers of target copies. Improvements were made in the preparation of the biosensor to enable detection of Human Papilloma Virus Type-16. The clinical samples obtained were amplified using PCR for direct detection on the lateral flow biosensor without interference from other HPV types (e.g. HPV 18). The feasibility of the biosensor shows great potential for further development to assure its use in point of care diagnosis. The promising properties of the biosensor are reported in this dissertation.

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39

Proude, Elizabeth Marjorie. "HIV/STD Prevention in General Practice". University of Sydney. Public Health, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/838.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis examines aspects of the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the Australian community, with a particular emphasis on HIV/AIDS in the context of general practice (or primary care settings). The work has four broad aims: i) To describe the primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, following from the arrival of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Australia ii) To describe HIV/STD risk behaviour iii) To summarise previously known evidence of interventions to reduce risk and to raise awareness of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases iv) To contribute new evidence addressing the potential of the general practitioners' role in HIV/STD prevention The first chapter gives a brief review of the history of HIV/AIDS from its discovery in the United States of America to its appearance in Australia and New Zealand, and discusses the Australian response strategies, both initial and continuing, to confine the epidemic. Specifically, the arrival of HIV/AIDS gave rise to increasing awareness of sexually transmitted diseases, which hitherto, although sometimes chronic, were rarely fatal. The public health risk of HIV necessitated swift government action and led to wider acceptance of publicity about sexual behaviour. Although the thesis does not concentrate solely on HIV, this is still an emphasis. This chapter provides useful background to ensuing chapters. Chapter Two provides an overview of behavioural risk in sexually transmitted diseases. It gives a review of risk factor prevalence studies, and introduces risk behaviour and cognitive models of behaviour change, as applied to STD risk. Sexual behaviour is a complex social interaction, usually involving more than one person, and relying on the personality and behaviour patterns intrinsic to the individuals taking part. It is therefore perhaps more challenging to alter than behaviour which is undertaken alone, being dependent on the behaviour and intentions of both parties. Moreover, comprehensive assessment of sexual risk behaviour requires very detailed information about each incident. Its private nature makes accurate data difficult to obtain, and sexual risk behaviour is, correspondingly, difficult to measure. Chapter Three reviews the effectiveness of interventions tested in primary health care settings to reduce sexual risk behaviour. The candidate uses a replicable method to retrieve and critique studies, comparable with standards now required by the Cochrane Collaboration. From 22 studies discussed, nine health interventions were short, 'one-shot', efforts owing to limited time, resources and other practical constraints. This review demonstrates the scarcity of interventions with people who may be perceived as 'low-risk'. Only four interventions were carried out in community health centres and two in university health clinics. One of the university interventions showed no change in sexual behaviour in any of three arms of the intervention (Wenger, Greenberg et al 1992) while the other showed an increase in condom use in both groups, although the intervention group's self-efficacy and assertiveness also improved (Sikkema, Winett & Lombard 1995). The rationale for the intervention, where given, is described. Chapter Four analyses the content, format and quality of sexual health information brochures available in New South Wales at the time of the candidate's own planning for an interventional study. One of the most effective ways to disseminate information widely is by the use of educational literature, especially when the subject material is potentially sensitive or embarrassing to discuss in person. In this chapter, the candidate reviews the literature available at the time of designing the intervention used in Chapter Five. Readability, attractiveness, clarity and the accurate presentation of facts about sexually transmitted disease risk are examined for each pamphlet. Forty-seven pamphlets were scored according to the Flesch formula, and twenty-four of these scored in the 'fairly' to 'very difficult' range. There was, therefore, a paucity of easy-to-read material on these subjects. Chapter Five evaluates a general practitioner-based counselling intervention to raise awareness of sexually transmitted diseases and to modify HIV/STD risk behaviour. While adults aged 18-25 are less likely than older cohorts to have a regular general practitioner or to visit often, most people visit a general practitioner at least once a year. This could provide an opportunity for the general practitioner to raise preventive health issues, especially with infrequent attendees. As the effectiveness of an opportunistic intervention about sexual risk behaviour was yet to be tested, the candidate designed an innovative randomised controlled trial to raise awareness of risk and increase preventive behaviour. The participation rate was 90% and 76% consented to followup; however the attrition rate meant that overall only 52% of the original participants completed the follow-up questionnaire. The intervention proved easy and acceptable both to GPs and to patients, and risk perception had increased at three months' follow-up; however this occurred in both the control (odds ratio 2.6) and the intervention group, whose risk perception at baseline was higher (odds ratio 1.3). In order to establish some markers of risk in the general population, Chapter Six analyses data resulting from questions on sexual behaviour asked in the Central Sydney section of the NSW Health Survey. The candidate advocated for inclusion of relevant questions to determine some benchmarks of sexual risk behaviour and to provide an indication of condom use among heterosexuals. Although limited in scope as a result of competing priorities for questions in the survey, results demonstrate that, while a small percentage of people were at risk, those with higher levels of partner change or of alcohol use were the most likely to always use condoms. Specifically, 100% of those with more than four new partners in the last 12 months had used condoms with every new partner. In addition, 'heavy' alcohol users were more likely to report condom use every time with new partners (odds ratio 0.34). To furnish data to inform future planning of educational activities for general practitioners, Chapter Seven presents the results of a survey of Central Sydney general practitioners' opinions and current practices in HIV risk reduction with in the broader context of sexually transmitted disease prevention. The general practitioner is in an ideal position to provide information and advice, especially if future research affirms the impact of such advice on STD risk behaviour. General practitioners in this study said they would be slightly more likely to discuss sexual health matters with young patients than with older ones (p=0.091), but this was not significant. The most cited barrier to discussing sexual health was inadequate remuneration for taking time to do so (over 50% gave this reason). The next most cited obstacle was difficulty in raising the subject of STDs or HIV in routine consultations, but this reason was given by less than half the sample. Forty-six percent had participated in continuing medical education programs in STDs, HIV/AIDS, or hepatitis diagnosis or management; 32% of GPs had patients with HIV, and 55% of all GPs indicated they would like more training in management and continuity of care of HIV patients. Approximately half (51%) wanted more training in sexuality issues, including sexual dysfunction. Chapter Eight reviews the whole thesis and discusses future directions for the research agenda.

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40

Howard, Stacy F. "Strategies for decreasing sexually transmitted infections in adolescent females". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1419.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing

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41

Renton, Adrian Mark. "The epidemiology of gonorrhoea in adults and its sexual behavioural determinants". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283441.

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42

Konings, Elke Ludovica Louisa. "The quantification of sexual behaviour and the transmission of HIV in Tanzania and St.Lucia". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339015.

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43

Shiu, Yuen-chi Eunice, e 邵琬詞. "A systematic review of the population prevalence of HIV and STD co-infection". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193832.

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Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) remain a public health concern in worldwide. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one of the STDs, is associated with the increase risk of other STD infections. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), individuals who are infected with STDs are more likely to be infected with HIV than uninfected individuals. As HIV and other STDs share the same transmission route, the co-infection may be observed more frequently in the population. To control the number of co-infection, screening programs are essential in all areas. While screening for individual infections are necessary, the prevalence of co-infection should also be evaluated for surveillance programs. The prevalence of individual STDs have been studied in various reviews, but the population prevalence of the co-infection was not widely studied. Therefore, a systematic review is conducted to provide a summary of the prevalence of HIV with syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea and herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) and co-infection in various populations. Methods: PubMed database is chosen for selection of potential publications in this systematic review. Various keywords are used for the search and and only English publications are selected for review. Studies with statistical data on individual infection but not the co-infection were excluded. Results: Ten studies from various populations are selected for this review. Nine studies were conducted in healthcare facilities and one was conducted in a working site. The number of study participants ranged from 336 to 1661 with a mean age of 32 years old. The average of prevalence of HIV and the chosen STDs was around 20%—highest prevalence is observed in HSV-2 with HIV co-infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of co-infection is low but it cannot be neglected. Simultaneous screening for HIV and other STDs is not necessary in all areas, but it will be very useful in certain facilities where high-risk populations, for example sex workers, MSM etc are served. Such low prevalence of STD co-infection should be maintained and it is the responsibility of both the individuals and the society.
published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health

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44

Coleman, Lester Michael. "Helping to explain young people's use and non-use of contraception : interactional and dynamic influences". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324782.

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45

Sutton, Eva Marie Ganong Lawrence H. "Undergraduate human sexuality textbooks coverage of STDs /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5731.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 4, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Lawrence Ganong. Includes bibliographical references.

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46

Smith, Teresa E. (Teresa Elizabeth). "Training Condom Use Skills for Sexually Active College Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279011/.

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Eighty-nine single, sexually active, heterosexual college students (ages 17-24) participated in one of two intervention conditions. Experimental groups were taught skills specific to condom use and sexual communication via a multimedia presentation. Control groups viewed a video on an unrelated topic. Individuals in the experimental conditions were expected to show higher levels of self-efficacy, greater knowledge concerning diseases, and improved attitudes about condoms immediately following the intervention. They were also expected to report safer sexual practices at the one month follow-up. Findings reveal that improved attitude and knowledge scores did not translate into behavioral changes.

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47

Råssjö, Eva-Britta. "Sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections among urban Ugandan youths : perceptions, attitudes and management /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6264.

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48

Robertus, Kacie Taylor. "Myths and misconceptions exploring beliefs about pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents /". Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/robertus/RobertusK0510.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this professional project was to explore myths and misconceptions about sexual activity in adolescents. Adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are a significant problem worldwide and have been studied for many decades (Kirby, 2002). The burden of treating pregnancy and STD in the adolescent population affects all aspects of healthcare. Because of the magnitude of the problem, prevention of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections among adolescents has become a national priority (McBride & Gienapp 2000). A review of literature was conducted focusing on education, current myths and misconceptions of sexual activity, STD and pregnancy. A survey was created based on the literature. The questions asked were pregnancy or STD related and focused on fertility, condom use, and STD transmission. A convenience sample of four female and three male adolescents aged 15-18 participated. Important preliminary results were provided by the survey. Survey results indicated a high number of incorrect responses. Questions regarding pregnancy were the most frequently missed while questions about STD were answered correctly by most participants. Sample size was small, so generalization is impossible. However, knowing that these adolescents had limited knowledge about pregnancy prevention and sexually transmitted diseases may encourage inclusion about these topics in future educational programs for adolescents.

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49

Meadows, Emily Dawn. "University students' perceived benefits, barriers and cues toward testing for sexually transmitted diseases". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1172700520.

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50

Pryce, Anthony. "Eros beyond the clinical gaze? : Elements for a sociology of sexually transmitted diseases". Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243394.

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Tesi sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases"

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