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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases Social aspects Africa"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases Social aspects Africa"

Lapinskaitè, Genovaitè S., e J. S. Bingham. "Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Lithuania: Some Epidemiological and Social Aspects". International Journal of STD & AIDS 10, n. 10 (ottobre 1999): 673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462991913097.

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With political, economical and social changes in Lithuania following the break-up of the Soviet Union, the health-care system has changed. The old Soviet system has been abandoned and it has taken time to re-establish a system under the new government. Resources are limited in most aspects of health care, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This has, also limited the development of education packages on STIs which are so important when trying to combat the spread of HIV infection. Notifications of syphilis, in Lithuania, have increased 52 fold between 1990 and 1996 although, since then, the incidence has started to decrease. Syphilis has been more reliably notified than other STIs and serves as the most reliable indicator of STI trends.

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Peltzer, Karl, Sheila Mmusi, Motlatso Phaswana e Titus Misi. "LAY PROTOTYPES OF ILLNESS AMONG A NORTHERN SOTHO COMMUNITY IN SOUTH AFRICA". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, n. 6 (1 gennaio 2006): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.6.701.

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Illness representations have been shown to differ across cultures. The aim of the study was to study disease terminology and lay prototypes among a Northern Sotho community in South Africa. The sample for a free listing of disease terms included 41 (55%) women and 34 (45%) men, with a mean age of 36 years (SD=5.6, range 18 to 75 years). The sample for pile sorting of disease terms included 80 Northern Sotho-speaking third-year students from the University of Limpopo; 44 women, 36 men, mean age, 23.4 years (SD=3.4). From free listing of disease terms 50 were selected for pile sorting. Using hierarchical cluster analysis the following clusters could be identified: (1) respiratory problems, (2) internal body problems and sexually transmitted diseases, (3) chronic diseases and head diseases, (4) child diseases and mental problems, (5) child diseases and cancer, (6) feet problems, (7) gastrointestinal diseases. There was homogeneity of features within cluster and difference between clusters.

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Jemmott, John B. "The Reasoned Action Approach in HIV Risk-Reduction Strategies for Adolescents". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 640, n. 1 (10 febbraio 2012): 150–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211426096.

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Adolescents worldwide are at high risk for adverse consequences of sexual activity, including HIV, other sexually transmitted diseases, and unintended pregnancy. Effective intervention strategies are needed to address this risk. This article discusses the advantages of the reasoned action approach for developing such strategies, including the ability to integrate population-specific qualitative information with the approach to develop an intervention that is both theoretically grounded and culturally appropriate. It also describes an application of the approach in developing “Let Us Protect Our Future,” a culturally appropriate HIV risk-reduction intervention for adolescents in South Africa, where sexually transmitted HIV infections are having an especially devastating impact. The results of a randomized controlled trial revealed that grade 6 students in schools that received the intervention were less likely to report having sexual intercourse, unprotected sexual intercourse, and multiple sexual partners during the 12-month follow-up period than their counterparts in control schools.

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Havik, Philip J. "Public Health, Social Medicine and Disease Control: Medical Services, Maternal Care and Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Former Portuguese West Africa (1920–63)". Medical History 62, n. 4 (7 settembre 2018): 485–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2018.44.

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Mahlangu, Phumzile T., Doudou K. Nzaumvila, Maselake M. M. Ramochele-Ngwenya e Langalibalele H. Mabuza. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of Childbearing Women at a District Hospital in South Africa Regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections". Open Public Health Journal 14, n. 1 (17 settembre 2021): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502114010399.

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Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a public health concern worldwide. Awareness campaigns have been conducted worldwide, educating communities on their manifestations, prevention, and steps to be taken once infected. Objective: This study aimed to determine childbearing women’s knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about STIs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a district hospital near Pretoria in South Africa. The population comprised 190 childbearing women registered at the family planning clinic of the hospital. The sample size of 130 participants was computed at a confidence level of 95% with an error margin of 5%. Participants were selected using a table of random numbers, and data collection by means of a researcher-administered questionnaire. The SPSS software (version 22) was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 130 participants, 123(94.6%) knew that STIs can be acquired through sex, and 41(31.5%) did not know that STIs can be asymptomatic. The most known STI was HIV by 117(90%) participants, the most known transmission route was sexual intercourse by 126 (96.9%) participants, and the most known symptom was penile/vaginal discharge by 108(83%) participants. Seventy-four (57.3%) regarded STIs as not dangerous, based on their belief that STIs are curable. There was generally a poor association between knowledge on STIs and alcohol consumption (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The childbearing age women knew most aspects of STIs, but had gaps of knowledge. They believed that STIs are curable, which influenced their attitudes towards STIs. Health care professionals are challenged to educate patients on STIs on an ongoing basis.

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Mostert, Karien, Khethiwe M Sethole, Oumiki Khumisi, Dorrica Peu, Julius Thambura, Roinah N Ngunyulu e Mavis F Mulaudzi. "Sexual knowledge and practice of adolescent learners in a rural South African school". African Health Sciences 20, n. 1 (20 aprile 2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i1.6.

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Background: Premature sexual activity has become a norm in South African society, often resulting in teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Occurrence of premature sexual activity is related to insufficient education, gender inequal- ities, household poverty and place of residence. The Stepping Stones project uses a 10-session programme to educate learners about relationships, HIV-prevention and teenage pregnancy. The purpose was to measure and describe learners’ sexual knowl- edge and activities in a rural technical secondary school in North-west Province, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional survey. Questionnaires were distributed to learners in grade 8 to 12. Descriptive statistics was used in analysis. Results: Seventy-nine questionnaires were analysed. Despite a young sample, 26.6% were sexually active and 24.1% engaged in sexual activity. The mean age for first-time sexual intercourse was 15.2±2.3 years. The use of contraceptives was low (41.2%) and participants reported difficulty in talking to partners about condom use (54.8%). Almost half (45.5%) of the participants had never heard of STDs. Participants expressed a need to use social media as a sex education tool (12.3%). The primary source of information was from school-based programmes (58.0%). Conclusion: Findings point to unsafe sexual practice of learners at a school in rural South Africa, even from an early age. This concern is accompanied by the occurrence of low levels of sexually-related knowledge. The learners would benefit from contin- ued implementation of the Stepping Stones programme. Implementation could be improved by incorporating social media and emphasising gender equality and negotiation skills in sexually vulnerable situations. Keywords: Sexual knowledge; adolescent learners; South Africa.

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Pranata, Lilik. "GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI KELAS X SMAN 1 LALAN MUSI BANYUASIN". Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 7, n. 2 (29 settembre 2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jab.v7i2.72.

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Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being not only free from disease or disability in all aspects related to the reproductive system, its functions and processes. Reproductive health includes: reproductive organs, adolescent sexual behavior, pregnancy, risky sexual behavior of adolescents, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).Objective: Knowing the image of young women's knowledge about reproductive health class X SMAN 1 Lalan Musi Banyuasin.Method: Descriptive quantitative by using Cross Sectional design done with interview technique with questioner to 60 respondents with purposive sampling technique.Results: Knowledge of reproduction tools, 34 respondents (56.7%) had enough knowledge and 11 respondents (18.3%) had good knowledge. Knowledge of adolescent sexual behavior, 25 respondents (41,6) have enough knowledge and 16 respondents (26,7%) have good knowledge. Knowledge of pregnancy, 33 respondents (55%) have enough knowledge and 5 respondents (8.3%) have good knowledge. Knowledge about risky sexual behavior, 25 respondents (42%) have less knowledge and 13 respondents (21.6%) have good knowledge. Knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), 35 respondents (58.3%) had less knowledge and 7 respondents (11.7%) had good knowledge. Improving adolescent knowledge should be carried out for health counseling to schools, as well as providing additional materials on reproductive health and using UKS facilities to the maximum extent possible.

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Krasnoselskikh, T. V., e A. V. Shaboltas. "MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE PREVENTION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND BLOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS". HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 10, n. 4 (16 gennaio 2019): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2018-10-4-100-112.

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Until recently in Russia the general methodology for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV-infection and blood-borne infections (BBI) has not been developed and targeted preventive interventions aimed at vulnerable populations have not been applied. As a rule, domestic researchers have been confined to detailed analysis of epidemiological data on the prevalence of STIs and other socially significant diseases in general population and their clinical features without offering social prevention technologies. Meanwhile, a large number of scientific researches aimed at improving the prevention strategies for STI/BBI and comprehensive preventive programs combining biomedical and behavioral components are being carried out all over the world. Unfortunately, preventive programs developed abroad cannot be mechanically introduced into the practice of Russian health care system. The programs should be adapted and implemented in the context of the socioeconomic and cultural uniqueness of Russia. The current epidemic situation necessitates switching from secondary and tertiary STI/BBI prevention and traditional biomedical approach to primary prevention and multidisciplinary approach. The multidisciplinary approach to healthy life style promotion and prevention of self-destructive behaviors including alcohol and drug use and risky sexual practices is a new branch of medicine. The presented article is aimed to analyze theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the development, implementation and effectiveness evaluation of behavioral preventive interventions focused on socially significant infections.

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Havik, Philip J. "Public Health, Social Medicine and Disease Control: Medical Services, Maternal Care and Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Former Portuguese West Africa (1920–63) – ADDENDUM". Medical History 63, n. 1 (17 dicembre 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2018.80.

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Tsiamis, Costas, Georgia Vrioni, Effie Poulakou-Rebelakou, Vasiliki Gennimata, Mariana А. Murdjeva e Athanasios Tsakris. "Medical and Social Aspects of Syphilis in the Balkans from the mid-19th Century to the Interwar". Folia Medica 58, n. 1 (1 marzo 2016): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2016-0001.

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Abstract The current study presents some aspects of syphilis in the Balkan Peninsula from the 19th century until the Interwar. Ever since the birth of modern Balkan States (Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey and Serbia), urbanization, poverty and the frequent wars have been considered the major factors conducive to the spread of syphilis. The measures against sex work and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were taken in two aspects, one medical and the other legislative. In this period, numerous hospitals for venereal diseases were established in the Balkan countries. In line with the international diagnostic approach and therapeutic standards, laboratory examinations in these Balkan hospitals included spirochete examination, Wassermann reaction, precipitation reaction and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Despite the strict legislation and the adoption of relevant laws against illegal sex work, public health services were unable to curb the spread of syphilis. Medical and social factors such as poverty, citizen’s ignorance of STDs, misguided medical perceptions, lack of sanitary control of prostitution and epidemiological studies, are highlighted in this study. These factors were the major causes that helped syphilis spread in the Balkan countries during the 19th and early 20th century. The value of these aspects as a historic paradigm is diachronic. Failure to comply with the laws and the dysfunction of public services during periods of war or socioeconomic crises are both factors facilitating the spread of STDs.

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Tesi sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases Social aspects Africa"

Ihenacho, Kelechi Nkeiruka, e Christina Nicole Burden. "The influence of gender scripts on African American college student condom use". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3329.

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This study examines how African American gender scripts influence condom use for disease and pregnancy prevention. One-hundred African American California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB) students were selected to participate in this study. Fifty African American males and fifty African American females were surveyed for this study to be representative of the African American community on campus.

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Lukong, Paul Foka. "The diffusion of HIV/AIDS in sub Saharan Africa : the role of social, economic and cultural factors /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envl954.pdf.

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Duncan, Barbara St Clair. "Social cognition and sexually transmitted diseases : an investigation of aspects of health behaviour among patients attending an English genito-urninary medicine clinic". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267207.

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Lemar, Susan. "Control, compulsion and controversy: venereal diseases in Adelaide and Edinburgh 1910-1947". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl548.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 280-305). Argues that despite the liberal use of social control theory in the literature on the social history of venereal diseases, rationale discourses do not necessarily lead to government intervention. Comparative analysis reveals that culturally similar locations can experience similar impulses and constraints to the development of social policy under differing constitutional arrangements.

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Heusser, Shelly Lucien. "Mediating factors in the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and HIV Sexual risk behaviour among men who have sex with men". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1398.

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Previous studies have indicated an association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and an increased risk of engaging in unsafe behaviours during adulthood, including risky sexual practices. This study examined the relationship between CSA and adult HIV sexual risk behaviour among a sample of South African men who have sex with men (MSM). Potential pathological long-term mental health outcomes of CSA, including dissociation, sex-related substance abuse, depression, sexual compulsivity, impaired interpersonal communication, and over-reliance on submissive sexual scripts, were treated as variables mediating the relationship between CSA and sexual risk behaviour. Men frequenting a gay internet dating site were randomly selected to complete an electronic version of the anonymous survey. Results indicate that one-fourth of participants reported a history of CSA. Men with a history of unwanted sexual activity during childhood were more likely to report recreational substance abuse, sex-related substance abuse, sexual compulsivity, and adult revictimisation experiences. Men who were abused were also more likely to engage in unprotected anal intercourse compared to those who were not abused. Mediation analyses revealed that MSM who are survivors of CSA are particularly susceptible to drug abuse, sex-related drug abuse, and sexual compulsivity, and these sequelae in turn predict higher reported numbers of male sexual partners. The current data suggest that CSA is widespread among men at high risk for HIV infection, and that it may have a devastating influence on the quality of life and health risk behaviour of these men. These results also highlight the importance of mental health services and new approaches in HIV prevention for MSM who have been sexually abused as children. Further research is needed into the contextual factors of the childhood abuse experience which account for the variability in longterm negative mental health outcomes of CSA survivors.

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Placencia, Mary Louise. "Condom use in 15-19 year old adolescent girls before and after initiating hormonal contraception". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2123.

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This study provides data suggesting that adolescent girls who receive education and hormonal contraceptive methods at a school-based clinic in the Fontana Unified School District, are more likely to have a signficant improvement in condom use, which improves safe sex practices and reduces the risks of sexually transmitted diseases.

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Curry, Kimberly Sue, e Frank Thomas Jr Pullara. "The effects of HIV/AIDS education curriculum on the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of college freshmen". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1569.

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Black, Michael David. "Central city youth and HIV/AIDS an emerging community construct: Finding the best fit ofprovention and intervention service". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1814.

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Bridges, Jennifer. "Reclaiming Female Virtue: Social Hygiene, Venereal Disease and Texas Reclamation Centers during World War I". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404551/.

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During the Progressive Era in the United States, social hygiene reformers underwent a fundamental change in their stance toward women accused of prostitution or promiscuous behavior. Rather than viewing such women as unfortunate victims of circumstance who were worthy of compassion, many Progressives deemed them as predatory villains who instead deserved incarceration, forced rehabilitation, and non-consenting medical interference. Texas, due to the many military bases within its borders, became a key battleground in this moral crusade against women as the carriers and proliferators of VD. "Promiscuous" women were seen as not only dangerous to the soldiers but also as a threat to the nation's security, creating an environment that led Texas Progressives to suppress women's civil liberties in the name of protecting soldiers. The catalyst for this change in attitude was World War I. The Great War brought to the forefront an unpleasant reality facing a significant percentage of America's fighting men: venereal disease. While combating sexually transmitted diseases was a serious medical and manpower concern for the military in the era before penicillin, the sole focus on women as the carriers and proliferators of VD led to a nationwide campaign against the "social evil" that demonized women and led to the suspension of thousands of women's habeas corpus rights. This dissertation examines how the twin crusades of Progressivism and the War to End All Wars created conditions in Texas that for many women meant appalling repression rather than progress toward the enjoyment of greater equality.

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Lukong, Paul Forka. "The diffusion of HIV/AIDS in sub Saharan Africa : the role of social, economic and cultural factors". 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envl954.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 103-113. Uses GIS to map the pattern of widespread transmission, commercial sex workers, poverty prevalence, illiteracy rate, population displacement and other social indicators to show the vulnerability of the region's population; and to demonstrate that there is no single point of radiation of HIV/AIDS in the sub region. Discusses mitigation and prevention strategies and proposes the use of GIS be incorporated in the fight against HIV/AIDS in sub Saharan Africa.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases Social aspects Africa"

1938-, Rosenthal Doreen, e Mitchell Anne 1946-, a cura di. Youth, AIDS, and sexually transmitted diseases. London: Routledge, 1996.

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Reddy, Sasiragha Priscilla. Sense and sensibilities: The psychosocial and contextual determinants of STD-related behaviour. [Tygerberg, South Africa]: Medical Research Council, Corporate Communication Division, 1999.

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Xue zai: Yi wan feng xin. Xianggang: Kai fang chu ban she, 2009.

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Firth, Lisa. Sexual health. Cambridge: Independence, 2009.

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Social stigma and sexual epidemics: Dangerous dynamics. Boulder, Colo: FirstForumPress, 2012.

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Yi wan feng xin: Wo suo jian wen de ai zi bing, xing bing huan zhe sheng cun xian zhuang. Beijing: Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2004.

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Dee, Thomas S. Forsaking all others?: The effects of "gay marriage" on risky sex. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Costa, Fabienne-Andréa. Maux secrets: MST, maladies taboues. Paris: Autrement, 1999.

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Tiao zhan yu ying dui: Ai zi bing fang zhi zhuan ti yan jiu = Challenge and answer : special subject memoir on prevention and cure of PLWHA. Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2009.

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Endangered relations: Negotiating sex and AIDS in Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: White Lotus Press, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Sexually transmitted diseases Social aspects Africa"

Fishbein, M. "Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Psychosocial Aspects". In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 14026–32. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/03795-5.

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Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis. "Psychiatric aspects of infections". In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1090–96. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0141.

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Neuropsychiatric disturbances stemming from infectious diseases are widespread in both the industrialized world and developing countries. Such neuropsychiatric syndromes are not necessarily the result of infectious processes directly involving the central nervous system, they may also be complications of systemic infections. There are many microbial, viral, and parasitic agents, as well as other types of infectious substances, which can affect the central nervous system, leading to the appearance of neurological and psychiatric symptoms that may cause suffering to the patient, and even be disabling. When considering the psychiatric manifestations of infectious illness, it is important to consider clinical manifestations derived from a possible systemic infection, which can be less obvious than a direct involvement of the central nervous system. Acute organic reactions may accompany many systemic infections, especially at the extremes of life. A clear example is the delirium that frequently occurs with pneumonia in the elderly. In these clinical syndromes, several factors could be responsible for the alterations in cerebral metabolism. The mere fact of having a fever could be involved. Cerebral anoxia often appears to be responsible, or the influence of toxins derived from the infecting micro-organism. More complex metabolic disturbances or the accumulation of toxic intermediate products can also be -implicated. Likewise, infections that course as chronic or subacute illnesses are frequently accompanied by the onset of depressive syndromes. One of the factors implied in clinical depression that occurs within the context of systemic infectious illnesses (e.g. tuberculosis and infectious mononucleosis), is a sense of physical vulnerability, possibly heightened by a loss of strength and negative changes in the patient's appearance. Patients are often afraid of losing their earning capacity or even their jobs, as well as other social and occupational problems associated with the illness. Another very important factor, above all with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted disease (STD), is the social stigma that these patients may suffer. Sexually transmitted disease infection implies sexual activity that historically carries connotations of illicit, casual, sexual encounters, and acquiring an STD is frequently associated with embarrassment and social stigma. In addition to the disease itself, the medications commonly used to treat infectious illnesses can have side-effects that alter patients’ behaviour, as well as their cognitive and affective functioning (Table 5.3.5.1). In this chapter we consider infections of clinical interest in the practice of psychiatry. These conditions will be dealt with briefly, and textbooks of general medicine should be consulted for further details. Prion diseases and chronic fatigue syndromes, which are also related to the subject of the present chapter, are discussed in Chapters 4.1.4 and 5.2.7, respectively.

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Kutufam, Doreen Vivian. "Dipo and the Adolescent Krobo Girl". In Dialectical Perspectives on Media, Health, and Culture in Modern Africa, 116–36. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8091-1.ch007.

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Contemporary Christian/secular/social trends and beliefs about religion, the rights of women, and the privacy of their bodies have been used to challenge the Dangme people of Ghana's continued adherence to the Dipo puberty rite. Without judging the Dipo rite but focusing on its intended value systems, this research argues that contemporary societal problems can harness the beneficial qualities of various traditional rituals to help solve specific societal issues. This chapter sets out to explore how the value systems of a contested puberty rite like the Dangme people's Dipo can help address sexual health issues prevalent in the Dangme communities. This chapter discusses how repurposing of Dipo's existing educational platform and value systems can contribute to the eradication or reduction of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic among members of the Dangme tribes.

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