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Articoli di riviste sul tema "SETI@home"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 12 febbraio 2022

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Anderson, David P., Jeff Cobb, Eric Korpela, Matt Lebofsky e Dan Werthimer. "SETI@home". Communications of the ACM 45, n. 11 (novembre 2002): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/581571.581573.

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Korpela, E., D. Werthimer, D. Anderson, J. Cobb e M. Leboisky. "SETI@home-massively distributed computing for SETI". Computing in Science & Engineering 3, n. 1 (2001): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5992.895191.

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Korpela, Eric J., Jeff Cobb, Steve Fulton, Matt Lebofsky, Eric Heien, Eric Person, Paul Demorest, Robert Bankay, David Anderson e Dan Werthimer. "Three Years of SETI@home: A Status Report". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193635.

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The SETI@home project has recently completed its third year of active data analysis. Over 4 million volunteers have joined the search, providing a combined total of over 1 million CPU-years of processing power. SETI@home performs a sensitive search for extraterrestrial signals in a 2.5 MHz band centered on 1420 MHz. SETI@home searches a wide parameter space including 14 octaves of signal bandwidth and 15 octaves of pulse period with Doppler drift corrections from −50 Hz/s to +50 Hz/s. We will briefly describe the SETI@home project and the algorithms used in the SETI@home client. We will describe the post-processing methods we use to reject RFI and select candidate signals from the nearly 4 billion “hits” returned by SETI@home clients.

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Bansal, R. "ET or EC? [SETI@Home project]". IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 43, n. 4 (2001): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/74.951565.

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Paul, Pragyansmita. "SETI @ home project and its website". XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students 8, n. 3 (aprile 2002): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/567162.567164.

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Korpela, Eric J. "SETI@home, BOINC, and Volunteer Distributed Computing". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 40, n. 1 (30 maggio 2012): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152348.

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Sullivan, Woodruff T., Dan Werthimer, Stuart Bowyer, Jeff Cobb, David Gedye e David Anderson. "A New Major Seti Project Based on Project Serendip Data and 100,000 Personal Computers". International Astronomical Union Colloquium 161 (gennaio 1997): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100015311.

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AbstractWe are now developing an innovative SETI project, tentatively named seti@home, involving massively parallel computation on desktop computers scattered around the world. The public will be uniquely involved in a real scientific project. Individuals will download a Screensaver program that will not only provide the usual attractive graphics when their computer is idle, but will also perform sophisticated analysis of SETI data using the host computer. The data are tapped off Project Serendip IV’s receiver and SETI survey operating on the 305-meter diameter Arecibo radio telescope. We make a continuous tape-recording of a 2 MHz bandwidth signal centered on the 21 cm H I line. The data on these tapes are then preliminarily screened and parceled out by a server that supplies small chunks of data (50 sec of 20 kHz bandwidth, a total of 0.25 MB) over the Internet to clients possessing the screen-saver software. After the client computer has automatically analyzed a complete chunk of data (in a much more detailed manner than Serendip normally does) a report on the best candidate signals is sent back to the server, whereupon a new chunk of data is sent out. If 50,000-100,000 customers can be achieved, the computing power will be equivalent to a substantial fraction of a typical supercomputer, and seti@home will cover a comparable volume of parameter space to that of Serendip IV.

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Javadi, Bahman, Derrick Kondo, Jean-Marc Vincent e David P. Anderson. "Discovering Statistical Models of Availability in Large Distributed Systems: An Empirical Study of SETI@home". IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 22, n. 11 (novembre 2011): 1896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2011.50.

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Engelbrecht, Hans-Jürgen. "Internet-based ‘social sharing’ as a new form of global production: The case of SETI@home". Telematics and Informatics 25, n. 3 (agosto 2008): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2006.08.003.

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Bhathal, R. "Campbelltown Rotary Observatory". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 17, n. 2 (2000): 176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as00176.

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AbstractDonations (in cash and kind) amounting to $200,000 from companies in the south-western Sydney region have allowed the construction of a teaching, research and public access Observatory at the University of Western Sydney in Campbelltown. The Observatory will also serve as the home of the Australian Optical SETI Project (OZ OSETI for short). Two fibre-glass domes will be installed at the site. The main 4.5 m fibre-glass dome will house a 0.4 m telescope while the smaller 2.9 m dome will house a 0.3 m telescope. Both telescopes are fork-mounted Schmidt-Cassegrains working at f/10. An outside observation area will be used for tripod-mounted telescopes for public use and teaching purposes. The expected completion date for the project is July 2000.

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Elani, Zion. "Space, the final frontier: In the scientific pursuit of extraterrestrial life away from Earth". Physics Essays 33, n. 4 (4 dicembre 2020): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-33.4.367.

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For decades we have been searching for an answer to the knotty question, “do aliens exist?.” Other questions in line are: “where are they?,” “are they like us, sophisticated intelligent beings?” or “do they exist in the form of simpler lifeforms?,” “Have they ever visited us?,” “Why haven't we encountered them yet?,” “or have we?” To satiate this curiosity, astrophysicists and astronomers have come up with innumerable theories and ideas, engaged in building facilities and institutes and come up with a planet-wide effort for the search of extraterrestrial intelligence — SETI <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mo>@</mml:mo> </mml:math> home. This article will take a ride through time, from the first documented idea to look for extraterrestrial beings to the current exploration of this field.

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Perel, Efrat, e Uri Yechiali. "FINITE TWO LAYERED QUEUEING SYSTEMS". Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 30, n. 3 (18 maggio 2016): 492–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964816000139.

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We study layered queueing systems comprised two interlacing finite M/M/• type queues, where users of each layer are the servers of the other layer. Examples can be found in file sharing programs, SETI@home project, etc. Let Li denote the number of users in layer i, i=1, 2. We consider the following operating modes: (i) All users present in layer i join forces together to form a single server for the users in layer j (j≠i), with overall service rate μjLi (that changes dynamically as a function of the state of layer i). (ii) Each of the users present in layer i individually acts as a server for the users in layer j, with service rate μj.These operating modes lead to three different models which we analyze by formulating them as finite level-dependent quasi birth-and-death processes. We derive a procedure based on Matrix Analytic methods to derive the steady state probabilities of the two dimensional system state. Numerical examples, including mean queue sizes, mean waiting times, covariances, and loss probabilities, are presented. The models are compared and their differences are discussed.

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PEREL, EFRAT, e URI YECHIALI. "ON CUSTOMERS ACTING AS SERVERS". Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 30, n. 05 (ottobre 2013): 1350019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021759591350019x.

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We consider systems comprised of two interlacing M/M/ • /• type queues, where customers of each queue are the servers of the other queue. Such systems can be found for example in file sharing programs, SETI@home project, and other applications [Arazi, A, E Ben-Jacob and U Yechiali (2005). Controlling an oscillating Jackson-type network having state-dependant service rates. Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 62, 453–466]. Denoting by Li the number of customers in queue i(Qi), i = 1, 2, we assume that Q1 is a multi-server finite-buffer system with an overall capacity of size N, where the customers there are served by the L2 customers present in Q2. Regarding Q2, we study two different scenarios described as follows: (i) All customers present in Q1 join hands together to form a single server for the customers in Q2, with service time exponentially distributed with an overall intensity μ2L1. That is, the service rate of the customers in Q2 changes dynamically, following the state of Q1. (ii) Each of the customers present in Q1individually acts as a server for the customers in Q2, with service time exponentially distributed with mean 1/μ2. In other words, the number of servers at Q2 changes according to the queue size fluctuations of Q1. We present a probabilistic analysis of such systems, applying both Matrix Geometric method and Probability Generating Functions (PGFs) approach, and derive the stability condition for each model, along with its two-dimensional stationary distribution function. We reveal a relationship between the roots of a given matrix, related to the PGFs, and the stability condition of the systems. In addition, we calculate the means of Li, i = 1, 2, along with their correlation coefficient, and obtain the probability of blocking at Q1. Finally, we present numerical examples and compare between the two models.

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"Data Points: Seti@Home at Five". Scientific American 291, n. 2 (agosto 2004): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0804-28a.

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Krebs, Viola. "Motivations of cybervolunteers in an applied distributed computing environment: MalariaControl.net as an example". First Monday, 31 gennaio 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/fm.v15i2.2783.

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Research laboratories and scientific modeling projects often lack computing power to run complex simulation models solely with in-house computing resources. One form of volunteer computing uses an interface called the BOINC software platform that allows hundreds of thousands of volunteers worldwide to participate in projects such as SETI@home and MalariaControl.net, searching for extraterrestrial intelligence or contributing to research linked to malaria control. These volunteers are effectively acting as cybervolunteers, meaning volunteers who use in part or entirely a computer or the Internet for their volunteer activity. We conducted a study on the motivations of MalariaControl.net and BOINC cybervolunteers. Are volunteers only donating CPU power or are they making other contributions? Why do they participate in projects such as MalariaControl.net? The aim of this paper is to present results obtained, formulate useful conclusions from them and identify patters in the motivations of volunteers that may be useful to other distributed computing projects, in particular, and the understanding of cybervolunteerism, in general. Volunteers living in 67 countries participated in our enquiry. We found that a majority of them indicated either solidarity and/or a cause as their main deciding factor for getting involved. This trend was stronger for MalariaControl.net than for general BOINC volunteers. Volunteers remained involved if they felt useful. The study clearly suggests that the recognition of cybervolunteers is important: volunteers invest their time in a project without financial compensation, but not for free. The paper also summarizes technical and communication suggestions made by volunteers with regards to MalariaControl.net and BOINC.

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Hynes, Michael. "A Distributed Computer System for Parallel Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)". Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings, 20 febbraio 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/iqurcp.9597.

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A ubiquitous problem in physics is to determine expectation values of observables associated with a system. This problem is typically formulated as an integration of some likelihood over a multidimensional parameter space. In Bayesian analysis, numerical Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are employed to solve such integrals using a fixed number of samples in the Markov Chain. In general, MCMC algorithms are computationally expensive for large datasets and have difficulties sampling from multimodal parameter spaces. An MCMC implementation that is robust and inexpensive for researchers is desired. Distributed computing systems have shown the potential to act as virtual supercomputers, such as in the SETI@home project in which millions of private computers participate. We propose that a clustered peer-to-peer (P2P) computer network serves as an ideal structure to run Markovian state exchange algorithms such as Parallel Tempering (PT). PT overcomes the difficulty in sampling from multimodal distributions by running multiple chains in parallel with different target distributions andexchanging their states in a Markovian manner. To demonstrate the feasibility of peer-to-peer Parallel Tempering (P2P PT), a simple two-dimensional dataset consisting of two Gaussian signals separated by a region of low probability was used in a Bayesian parameter fitting algorithm. A small connected peer-to-peer network was constructed using separate processes on a linux kernel, and P2P PT was applied to the dataset. These sampling results were compared with those obtained from sampling the parameter space with a single chain. It was found that the single chain was unable to sample both modes effectively, while the P2P PT method explored the target distribution well, visiting both modes approximately equally. Future work will involve scaling to many dimensions and large networks, and convergence conditions with highly heterogeneous computing capabilities of members within the network.

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Kloetzer, Laure, Julien Da Costa e Daniel K. Schneider. "Not so passive: engagement and learning in Volunteer Computing projects". Human Computation 3, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.15346/hc.v3i1.4.

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This paper focuses on an unexplored dimension of Citizen Science: the educational potential of Volunteer Computing (VC). VC has been one of the most popular forms of Citizen Science, since its beginnings from 1997, when the first VC platforms, such as SETI@home, were created. Participation in VC is based on volunteers donating their idle computer resources to contribute to large scale scientific research. So far this has often been seen as a rather passive form of participation, compared to other online Citizen Science (or citizen cyberscience) projects, since volunteers are not involved in active data collection, data analysis or project definition. In this paper we present our research conducted in 2013-2014 with the BOINC Community “Alliance Francophone”, and demonstrate that part of the volunteers in Distributed Computing research projects are not passive at all. We show that the dynamism of BOINC hugely relies on community-led gamification and that participation may lead to important learning outcomes on most dimensions of our ILICS (Informal Learning in Citizen Science) model. This includes extending one’s scientific interests, ability to find and engage with people who share similar interests, and offering a range of potential learning outcomes, particularly within the fields of (a) computer and Internet literacy, (b) scientific knowledge and literacy, (c) communication: English and social skills. As demonstrated by our recent ILICS survey research (2015), these latest learning effects happen for all kinds of participants and are even stronger for people who have a lower education background, which is an interesting finding for lifelong education policies. Altogether, VC projects engage volunteers emotionally, far beyond a simple use of their computers’ time and power, and may have an educational value. For a minority of very active volunteers, they become real “Opportunity Spaces”, where they can get new friends, skills and experiences, which they could not have found easily elsewhere in their everyday environment.

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