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1
SENE, ABDOULAYE. "Recherches sur la productivite gommiere d'acacia senegal dans le nord-ferlo (senegal)". Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30057.
Abstract (sommario):
L'objectif de recherches, effectuees au centre experimental de m'biddi (nord-ferlo, senegal), est l'amelioration de la productivite des acacias saheliens. La premiere partie est consacree a la caracterisation du milieu dans le nord-ferlo(climat, sols, topographie et hydrologie, vegetation et action humaine), a la description des 2 principaux gommiers et a la production et commercialisation de la gomme arabique au senegal et au sahel. Dans la deuxieme partie, l'auteur fait le bilan des experiences menees depuis 10 ans a la station de m'biddi et expose les resultats de ses propres travaux, plus specialement centres sur a. Senegal. Ainsi sont successivement precisees les modalites optimales des saignees (outils, types et intensites des carres, dates, precocite, temperature et hygrometrie) et les conditions stationnelles
2
Ndione, Seynabou. "Senegal: francofonia in crisi?" Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16006/.
Abstract (sommario):
Questo elaborato descrive la situazione linguistica presente in Senegal che vede, da un lato, l'esistenza di una lingua ufficiale, il francese, che rende lo Stato ufficialmente francofono e, dall'altro, la presenza di una lingua nazionale veicolare effettivamente utilizzata dalla popolazione, il wolof. Nonostante sia la lingua ufficiale di Stato, il francese è raramente adoperato ed è spesso poco conosciuto. Pertanto, nella prima parte, sarà analizzata la realtà linguistica senegalese dal punto di vista legislativo e dell'istruzione, mentre nella seconda saranno illustrati i settori in cui il wolof è ormai subentrato al francese.
3
Ndiaye, Modiene. "Senegal : the economic reforms and the influence of the informal sector on the economic reform process /". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FNdiaye.pdf.
4
Ndiaye, Malick. "Senegal : pouvoir politique et forces sociales. de l'assemblee constituante ( novembre dix neuf cent cinquante huit ) a decembre soixante deux". Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070066.
Abstract (sommario):
Le mouvement de la conjoncture est l'objet de cet ouvrage, laquelle commence le vingt-cinq novembre dix neuf cent cinquante huit, date de la premiere reunion de l'assemblee constituante du senegal, et s'acheve le dix huit decembre dix neuf cent soixante deux avec le denouement de la crise politique qui couvait dans les sommets du premier etat moderne du senegal. Cette etude traite de la transition entre la fin du regime colonial proprement dit et le debut de la deuxieme republique ; elle montre comment, par un concours singulier de circonstance, le developpement de cette conjoncture qui aurait pu deboucher sur un coup d'etat militaire ou sur l'intervention des troupes francaises, ou sur une revolution ouvriere et paysanne, a abouti au presidentialisme bonapartiste senghorien. Le vingt-cinq novembre est la proclamation du premier etat moderne du senegal. Ce contre quoi cet etat s'impose, c'est la colonie, c'est a dire l'economie de traite et l'indigenat. La vie reelle de la colonie se reduit a grands traits aux rapports arachidiers et, au premier chef, a la relation entre le paysan et le commercant. Les paysans forment l'ecrasante majorite des populations, tandis que la quasitotalite du pays vit de l'arachide. D'ou resulte que c'est l'antagonisme entre les maisons de commerce d'une part, et les paysans de l'autre, qui conditionne l'evolution de la colonie. Le vingt-cinq novembre est la constitution du territoire en etat politique, c'est a dire la separation avec la metropole, ou ce qui est la meme chose, le demantelement complet et du systeme de l'indigenat. Le grand vainqueur dans la crise de decembre soixante deux est la chambre de commerce, d'agriculture et d'industrie de dakar, place forte financiere et economique de l'economie de traite senegalaise dont les representants dans l'appareil d'etat et le parti, delmas, theophile james, lamine gueye, assane ndoye, abdoulaye fofana, ont reussi a jeter par dessus bord un gouvernement dia exangu et isole, et qui, apres avoir ecarte les forces qui l'avaient porte au pouvoir, a succombe a une simple chiquenaude d'une aile parlementaire bruyante et exiciteeThe purpose of this work is about the circumtances movement which begins on the twenty-fifth of november nine teen fifty eight, the date on which the constituent assembly of senegal re-assembled, and finishes on the eighteenth of december nineteen sixty two with the resolution of the political crisis which had been brewing among the ranks of the leaders of the first modern senegal state. This study deals with the transition between the end of colonial regime properly speaking and the beginning of the second republic, and shows how, by a singular combination of circumstances, the developement of these ones which could have led to a military coup d'etat, or to the intervention of french troupes, or to a worker's or a peasant revolution, led to senghorian bonapartist presidentialism. The twenty-fifth of november is the proclamation of the first modern state of senegal. Against what this state was imposed, it's the colony, that is to say the trade economy and the "indigenat". The reel life of the colony is limited to the great traits, to the arachidiers relations, and, in the first hand, to the relation between peasant and tradesman. The peasants compose the big majority of the population, whereas heardy totality of the country live on arachide. The antagonism between firms on one hand and the peasants on the other hand, which results from their situation, conditions the evolution of the colony. The great winner in the political crisis of december nineteen sixty two is the "chambre de commerce, d'agriculture et d'industrie de dakar, financial and economical stronghold of senegal's trade economy whose direct agents in apparatus state and party, delmas, theophile james, assane ndoye, lamine gueye, abdoulaye fofana, succeeded in setting aside a bloodless and isolated dia governement, who failed to a simple phillip of a noisy and excited parlement fraction, after he did expulse from political scene the social forces that had taken him to power
5
Ba, Oumar. "Politique agricole du senegal de 1936 a nos jours : le cas du fleuve senegal". Lille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL30012.
Abstract (sommario):
Cette etude a pour objet l'evolution de la politique agricole du senegal pendant la colonisation et apres les independances. Elle devrait nous fournir des explications ou nous aider a comprendre la situation economique et sociale de l'aof, en general, et du senegal en particulier. Nous avons par l'exemple de la vallee du fleuve senegal a cause, d'une part, de la presence du fleuve, d'autre part des travaux importants qui y sont realises sous l'egide de l'organisation pour la mise en valeur du senegal (omvs) et enfin des annees successives de secheresse. Ainsi, nous avons distingue quelques etapes correspondant chacune a une evolution politique. --l'abolition de l'esclavage et les exigences du "jeune" systeme capitaliste. --la crise de 1929 et le role du front populaire. --l'apres deuxieme guerre et la naissance des etats africains (independances) --les annees 1970 et la naissance de l'omvs (importance des organisations non-gouvernementales et des organisations gouvernementales). Nous constations que chaque fois que l'agriculture fut sollicitee c'etait au lendemain d'une crise (passage du mercantilisme au capitalisme, crise de 1929-30, crise d'apres la deuxieme guerre et enfin secheresse et chocs petroliers). L'agriculture etait, et, est consideree comme un remede et non comme une base necessaire au developpement des pays. Ces differentes politiques sont souvent definies en fonction des besoins de l'etranger. On note aussi une certaine constante politique, les populations concernees sont toujours tenues a l'ecart des choix des politiques et des produits. Ce dernier point nous avait amene a effectuer une enquete dans la region a l'issue de laquelle nous avions note une similitude entre les principales critiques et les preocupations des populations. Les independances de 1960 ne sont pas une rupture ; elles permettent a la france de se liberer du poids colonial tout en gardant l'essentiel. Elles repondent a un besoin pressant d'une tranches des industriels francais et a une incontournable volonte des populations a acceder a leur independance. Les solutions existent. Mais la aussi nous avions avance qu'au dela de toute teintes politiques, elles doivent obligatoirement tenir compte des populations qui devront etre le point de depart et le point d'arrivee de toute politiqueThe purpose of this work is to study the evolution of the agricultural policies in senegal before i. E during the colonial and afte the "independances". Our aim here is to give explenations or, least, help to have a better understanding of the economie and social situation of f. W. A in general and more specificially of senegal. As an example, we have chosen the walley of senegal for two main reasons : the first one is the presence of one of the most important west african rivers ; the second one is the fact that important works are being done there under the supervision of the organisation for the valorisation of senegal. Besides, there are the successive years of drought. The history of the region can be divided into some main stages. Each one of them squares with a political evolution : the abolition of slavery and the demands of the "young" capitalist system ; the 1929-30 crisis and the role of the popular front ; the post world war ii and the birth of the african states (the"independences"); the 70s and the birth of the organisation for the valorisation of senegal. We had noticed that after any serious crises people "call upon" agriculture (evolution from mercantilism to capitalism) agriculture was considered and is still considerer as a remedy but not as an important "instrument" for the developement of a country. Moreover, the different policies, are most of the time defined according to the needs of foreign country. At last, the populations are never associated in the conception of the different policies and in the choice of the products. This last point led us to hold an enquiry in the region. The enquiry includes the main pieces of cutiusm against both the and the policies that support it. The independences en 1960, far from being a slip between the colonies and france permit the latter to get red of the colonial weight while heeping the essential things. They bring answer to the present need of a category of french industrialist who aim at achieiring a better profitability, and to the evident will of the african population to get their independence. Solutions exist. However, as we mentioned it, above all political tendences, they must compulsouly take into account the fact that the populations must be "at the beginning and at the end" of any policy
6
Maher, Stephanie. "To be and Néég bi : discourses on home in Senegal /". Connect to online version, 2008. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2008/284.pdf.
7
Kemp, Joshua. "The world and the local canvas visuality and empowerment in Dakar, Senegal /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1621829021&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
8
Sylla, Fatimata Seye. "Computers and literacy in Senegal". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77676.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-110).
This thesis reports two exploratory studies on the use of compute:-s in education in a third world context. One study looks at elementary school children in Dakar in order to elucidate a set of research questions such as whether there are gender differences and whether these are the same as what has been observed In the United States, whether there are differences related to social status or to degree of assimilation of French education and, more generally, whether it is possible to identify influences of Senegalese culture on the way children learn to use computers. The second study looks at two groups of illiterate adult women: one In Dakar and the other made up of immigrants from Latin America living in Boston. I believe that my results cast some light on scientific questions about how cultures affect learning. But my own interest goes beyond simply understanding. I want to develop educational methods that will use our diverse cultures as sources of strength for new educational methods rather than seeing them as "obstacles" to the exportation of ready made educational methods from "developed" to "developing" countries. My explorations are chosen with this intent and my thesis is colored with preliminary speculations about how to realize it.
by Fatimata Seye Sylla.
M.S.
9
Després, Caroline. "Les pharmacies familiales au senegal". Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M089.
10
Faye, Wagane. "The Casamance Separatism from independence claim to resource logic". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Jun%5FFaye.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Defense Decision Making and Planning))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Letitia Lawson and Jessica Piombo. "June 2006." AD-A451 368. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via the World Wide Web.
11
Diallo, Ibrahima. "Language Planning, Language-In-Education Policy, and Attitudes Towards Languages in Senegal". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366175.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis describes language policy practices in Senegal, identifies the languages used by Senegalese people in various social, public, and institutional settings, and details the attitudes of Senegalese people towards their own mother tongues, Wolof, French, and English and these speech communities. It examines also the importance, place, and future of local languages and European languages in Senegal and analyses the issue of language(s) of education in Senegal. To conduct this research, a variety of sampling techniques were used to collect data from a wide range of population-categories including respondents from the general population, public administration, students, and the business sector. Throughout the period of this study, Senegal was undergoing a phenomenal linguistic experience characterised by the sudden arrival and strengthening of English in the country, increasing interest by Senegalese people in local languages, and a gradual decline of the domains of French language use in the country. Against this linguistic backdrop, a number of major findings have resulted from the research including the finding that home languages (in particular, the mother tongues) are dominant in most family and social settings while French is dominant only in public settings. However, the data show that both mother tongues and Wolof are being used increasingly in public institutions; domains that hitherto belonged to French. The language use with people indicates a similar pattern, i.e. local languages are mostly used with close family members and with people in the extended family circle while French is dominant only with people in public institutions. The home languages (mother tongues and Wolof) and, to a lesser extent English, are more popular in public settings, thus reducing the hegemony of the use of French with people in public institutions. The study based on the data collected from the overall sample found also that the attitudes of the Senegalese people towards French, English, and their mother tongues are high and positive but the attitudes towards Wolof show both positive and negative ratings. The results show that, according to Senegalese people, the local languages are not given due importance in the education system. Similarly, they believe that English is not regarded as important in the education system either. Therefore, they request more importance to be given to both languages in the education system. As for French, it is considered very important in the education system and therefore, there were no particular requests to increase its relative importance in education. Further, French is believed to have negative influences in Senegal while this is not the case for English. Regarding the language(s) of instruction, local languages are described as the most appropriate languages for education. However, when languages are analysed in parallel, French maintains its leadership. In general, the Senegalese people have positive attitudes towards the speech communities. However, the attitudes towards the Wolof and French speech communities are both positive and negative. Similarly, the intensity of the desire to learn languages is generally positive but is characterised by the presence of a mix of positive and negative ratings for French and Wolof. However, a cross-sectional analysis shows quite interesting variations across the four population-categories mentioned earlier, mainly regarding language use, the issue of the language(s) of instruction in Senegal, the attitudes of Senegalese people towards languages and towards speech communities, and the intensity of their desire to learn languages - to name but a few areas of variation. The study has resulted in major findings regarding language use in Senegal. One of these is the loyalty of Senegal people towards their languages, that is, first, to their own mother tongue and then to Wolof - as a second language; second the Senegalese people remain attached to the French language, and finally they have a great admiration for English. According to the study, Senegalese people are attached to their language because of the more effective communication opportunities the local languages offer and also because of the positive benefits associated with (early) education in one's own mother tongue. In addition, the respondents believe that local languages help them assert their identity and maintain their cultures. The study found that Senegalese people are attached to the French language because it is an important national language (the official language of the country) and international language (for communication in the Francophone world). As for English, they admire the language because of its prestige and its status as a 'universal' language for communication and its dominance in science, technology, education, and business. The study concludes with a number of recommendations for the improvement of language planning and language-in-education policy in Senegal. The recommendations focus mainly on enhancing considerably the place and role of local languages in the education system, initiating systematic language policy prestige activities, and developing a rigorous policy that fosters positive attitudes towards local languages in general and the Wolof language and the Wolof speech community in particular. As regards the English language, the study recommends offering greater opportunities to learn the language by widespread reinforcement of its teaching in the education system.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Languages and Linguistics
Full Text
12
SOW, AMADOU. "L'impact de l'electrification rurale au senegal". Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020004.
Abstract (sommario):
Un diagnostic quantitatif et qualitatif de l'electrification rurale au senegal met en evidence les difficultes d'optimisation de l'offre d'electricite en milieu rural: discontinuite de l'alimentation, faiblesse des revenus et dispersion de l'habitat sont autant de facteurs qui rendent difficile l'application des principes modernes de gestion du secteur electrique, notamment la tarification au cout marginal. L'absence d'un reseau unique reliant les centres de consommation d'electricite est aussi prejudiciable a l'optimisation de l'offre: absence d'economies d'echelle, faiblesse des effets de foisonnement, etc. . Pour repondre a ces insuffisances, le plan directeur d'electrification rurale prevoit d'electrifier 20% des menages ruraux a l'horizon 2005. Trois niveaux d'analyse sont alors explores: la rentabilite financiere, la rentabilite economique et l'impact macroeconomique de l'electrification rurale. C'est seulement par son impact macroeconomique que l'electrification rurale est pleinement justifiee, l'investissement public initial se traduisant, entre autres, par une amelioration substantielle du solde budgetaire de l'etat. Par ailleurs, le choix d'un projet technique centralise, tout en facilitant les conditions de mise en valeur de l'important potentiel hydroelectrique du pays, s'avere beaucoup plus interessant que les choix techniques decentralises sur une majeure partie du pays. Par exemple, les systemes photovoltaiques familiaux ne sont rentables qu'a partir d'un cout du kwh de 648 fcfaA quantitative and qualitative diagnosis of rural electrification in senegal shows some constraints to electricity supply optimization: discontinuity of supply, low income level and scattering of human settlements are the main constraints against supply optimization. The lack of a single national grid is another major constraint to the electricity supply optimization, particularly to the application of the marginal cost principle of pricing. This makes difficult to realise economies of scale and demand proliferation. As an answer to these constraints, a master plan for rural electrification has been set up, which objective is to electrify 20% of rural households by the year 2005. Three levels of impact analysis are explored: the internal rate of return, the economic profitability, and the macroeconomic impact of the rural electrification projects. These projects are fully justified only through their macroeconomic impact. Globally, a public investment in rural electrification improves the budgetary situation of the government. Also, the choice of a centralized form of electricity supply will facilitate the exploitation of the important hydroelectric potential of the country. Furthermore, the centralized form of electricity supply is less costly than the decentralized forms, as photovoltaic which kwh price is 648 fcfa
13
AKANNI, ALAIN. "Culture d'entreprise et performance au senegal". Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN0571.
Abstract (sommario):
La recherche vise deux objectifs essentiels : - la description des pratiques manageriales au senegal; - la saisie de la relation existant entre ces pratiques et la performance. Elle est sous-tendue par une enquete realisee a l'aide d'entretiens et de questionnaires portant sur 175 salaries choisis dans cinquante entreprises industrielles senegalaises disposant de donnees comptables sur les annees 92-93-94. La recherche utilise des instruments de nombreuses sciences : anthropologie, sociologie, psychologie, statistiques, economie et utilise une approche methodologique que l'on pourrait qualifier de "polytheiste". L'etude comprend deux parties. La premiere, essentiellement bibliographique, tente de rendre accessible les notions de culture d'entreprise et de performance avec le souci d'etre le plus complet possible. La seconde, relative aux donnees collectees, esquisse, dans un premier temps, les contours du management au senegal. La structure organisationnelle, certains aspects de la gestion des ressources humaines-recrutement, motivation, communication, formation - de la politique generale - strategie, planification, marketing, relations avec les institutions - sont successivement evoques. L'esquisse des contours s'acheve par une presentation des valeurs des salaries. Dans un second temps, la liaison entre les pratiques manageriales et la performance est abordee en deux chapitres. Le premier cerne la performance a la fois par des opinions recueillies aupres des salaries et par des agregats comptables. Le second, a l'aide d'un themascope, enchainement de methodes factorielles (acp, acm) et d'une classification montre les caracteristiques distinctives des entreprises performantes et non performantesThe search have two aims : - the depiction of managerial practices in senegal; - the distrainee of the relation between these practices and the performance. She is based on an inquiry made with questionnaire and interviews about 175 workers of 50 industrial firms in senegal. The study uses materials of several sciences : anthropology, sociology, psychology, statistics, economy. . . . With an approach wich can be qualified "polytheist". The search contrains two parts. The first, essentially bibliographic, try to make accessible the notions of organizational culture and performance. The second, triies to draft, firstly, the outline of managerial practices in senegal : organizational structure, political strategy, human resources polycy, workers values; secondly, the link between managerial practices and performance is examined for showing the characteristics of high-performance firms
14
Sow, Mamadou. "L'etat et l'hopital public au senegal". Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN11004.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans le contexte legislatif et reglementaire du senegal d'aujourd'hui, l'hopital public apparait comme un service propre de l'etat dont il ne se distingue pas. Par consequent, l'hopital ne dispose ni de l'autonomie juridique, ni patrimoniale, ni financiere. C'est l'etat qui donne tout (budget, equipements, personnel) alors que ses moyens sont tres limites, qui controle tout par l'intermediaire de ses representants; de sorte qu'on a pu parler d'omnipresence de l7etat dans la marche de l'hopital public. La marge de manoeuvre des responsables hospitaliers est des lors tres mince et ne garantit pas une gestion performante. De nombreux dysfonctionnements sont donc constates. Pour pallier a tout cela, l'on admet generalement aujourd'hui que l'octroi a l'hopital de l'autonomie juridique, patrimoniale et financiere serait de nature a ameliorer sa situation financiere et a assurer une plus grande prise sur son personnel. Dans ce sens, l'hopital serait erige en etablissement public administratif. Il s'ensuivrait, si certaines mesures d'accompagnement sont prises, une meilleure gestion et par consequent une qualite du service nettement meilleure au benefice des usagersIn the legislative context of senegal today, public hospital appears as a proper service of state, without distinction with it. So, hospital does not have juridical, patrimonial and financial autonomy. All means are given by state (budget, equipmen ts, employees), even if means are very limited. State controls everything throughout his representatives. So that, it seems to be omnipresence of state in the affairs of hospital. Against these difficulties, one think that hospital today may dispose of juridical, patrimonial and financiel autonomy. It will really bring about better functioning. So, hospital would be transformed into administrative public establishment. Public service users will find quite best service quality, if some accompaning measures are taken to complete the changing status
15
Diagne, Yakhya Aicha. "Planning for Sustainable Development in Senegal". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23277.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis aims to contribute to Senegal\'s progress towards sustainable development planning. It presents how Senegalese planning system is structured as well as its potential and its limits to change. Senegal is a West African country classified as a least developed country. Senegalese decision-makers seek to provide economic and social well-being to their population, while ensuring a rational and sustainable use of ecological resources. They have demonstrated their commitment to sustainable development in official planning documents and several development programs. However, the process towards sustainability faces several constraints. The structure of the development planning system is complex and rigid; involving a plurality of state agencies, local entities, advisory bodies, citizens, and parliamentarians whose work is uncoordinated and inefficient. Furthermore, a tension exists because the political organization is based on a social vision, while development actions are derived from a liberal policy. In addition, planners and decisions-makers do not share the same understanding of sustainable development. The situation is made more complex by international influences on the concept of sustainability that call for the integration of principles such as gender equality and universal education, making it difficult to establish a clear and commonly understood approach to sustainability . While Senegal seeks human, technical, and financial resources from international donors, the conditions of financial foreign partners further complicates the development planning system. Master of Urban and Regional Planning
16
Gahlen, Dorothee Geisel Birgit. "Französische Sprachpolitik und Sprachbewusstsein in Senegal /". Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37754430k.
17
Thiouf, Alassane 1959. "Water management for agriculture in Senegal". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191941.
Abstract (sommario):
Water problems in the Sahel region have lead to a study of water management in one country of the area, Senegal. Farming systems, human resources, and livestock production of the country have been analysed. Natural resources, water, soil, topography, and vegetation have also been studied. The study of the different resource shows the potential of improvement in water management. A specific location in Senegal, Kedougou, is chosen and a water management pilot project is designed. The Gambia river and rainfall are the main sources of water for the project. The project is used for different purposes among which are agricultural production, research, and economic improvement. The project is suitable technically, and social, political and economic environments are favorable. The pilot project demonstrates the adequacy of the technologies used for the project. A preliminary estimation of the costs gives an acceptable financial input for such a system.
18
Villar, Paola. "Essays in Family Economics in Senegal". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH131.
Abstract (sommario):
L'Afrique de l'Ouest se caractérise par de forts taux de pauvreté et par une protection sociale et des marchés financiers formels défaillants. Dans un tel contexte, les familles remplissent des rôles importants qui façonnent la vie économique et sociale de leurs membres. Cependant, l'efficacité de cette institution fait débat, notamment lorsqu'elle est analysée du point de vue individuel. Ainsi, un nombre croissant d'études en économie du développement se penchent sur les coûts individuels induits par les fonctions familiales. Ma thèse de doctorat s'appuie sur cette littérature et y contribue en analysant la façon dont les décisions économiques individuelles sont prises au sein de la famille au Sénégal, et illustre des cas où la famille ne parvient pas à assurer le bien-être individuel de ses membres.Le premier chapitre s'attache à mesurer les coûts individuels de la redistribution informelle qui a lieu au sein des réseaux sociaux et entre ces derniers, et en particulier au sein de la famille élargie. En effet, en tant que mécanisme d'assurance, de fortes pressions redistributives modifient les choix économiques individuels. En s'appuyant sur des données expérimentales, nous estimons une taxe sociale d'environ 9% et nos résultats indiquent l'existence de fortes distorsions dans les choix d'allocation individuels. Par ailleurs nos résultats montrent que la pression à la redistribution est du fait, principalement, de famille élargie et non du ménage, des cercles amicaux ou du voisinage. Le deuxième chapitre examine comment l'environnement sanitaire contraint les investissements parentaux en termes de santé des enfants. Son objectif est de déterminer si les risques concurrents en mortalité réduisent les investissements des parents dans la santé de leurs enfants. Pour cela nous faisons, dans cet article, l'hypothèse qu'il existe des complémentarités entre les investissements en santé spécifiques à certaines maladies ; et testons celle-ci en nous appuyant sur une intervention récente visant à éradiquer le paludisme au Sénégal. Nos résultats soutiennent ce modèle de risques concurrents et impliquent que les comportements privés d'investissement en santé des parents et les politiques publiques de santé sont complémentaires. Enfin, le troisième chapitre explore comment une stratégie de gestion des risques ex-post, le mariage d'enfants, est lié aux chocs de mortalité au sein des familles. En particulier, j'examine si les décès paternels ont des conséquences néfastes en termes de transition sur le marché du mariage des jeunes orphelines. Mes résultats mettent en évidence la grande vulnérabilité de ce groupe d'enfants en termes de mariages précocesIn the West Africa subregion, poverty is pervasive and social protection at the state-level, as well as formal financial markets poorly function. In such a context, families fulfill important roles, which shape the economic and social life of its members and are key drivers of economic development. How this private institution performs is, however, quite a debate and a growing body of the literature in development economics has focused on the question of the economic inefficiencies of the family institution. My PhD thesis builds upon this literature and contributes to it by shedding light on how individual economic decisions are taken within the family in Senegal, and in which cases the family fails to ensure individual welfare of its members.The first chapter focuses on the individual costs of the informal redistribution that take place within and between social networks, and in particular within the extended family. Using a lab-in the field experiment, we aim at identifying the hidden costs of social obligations for redistribution on individual resource allocation choices. Our results are threefold: (i) we estimate a social tax of about 9\%; (ii) we provide evidence on strong distortions in individual allocation choices; (iii) our results point at people fearing redistributive pressure from the extended family members, but not from within the household or from friends and neighbors. We expand on prior literature by both identifying the individual cost of informal redistribution and then relating it to postexperiment resource-allocation decisions, and by disentangling intra- and interhousehold redistributive pressure. The second chapter investigates how the health environment prevents parents from investing in child health. Its main objective is to investigate whether the health risks faced by children, and in particular their competing nature as mortality risks, depress parental investment in child health. We argue that there are complementarities between disease-specific investments and we test this hypothesis by exploiting recent interventions that made anti-malaria products suddenly affordable to most households in 2009 in Senegal. Our first contribution is to be the first to use data on private health expenditures to validate a model with complementarities between disease-specific investments. Our second contribution is to show that parental behavioral responses clearly complement anti-malaria campaigns, whereby they magnify their impact on all-cause mortality for children. Finally, the third chapter explores how a quite harmful ex-post risk management strategy, child marriage, relates to changes in family structures (mortality shocks). In particular, I investigate whether paternal death induces adverse marriage outcomes for young orphans. I also discuss the channel that could induce such effects. My results underpinned the high vulnerability of this group of children: when the father dies, the young girls are more likely to marry as child brides and to be child mothers than their non-orphan counterparts. Those girls have more frequently broken marital trajectories, in particular due to divorce. This paper builds upon the existing demographic literature and provides at least two contributions. First, it is, to my knowledge, the first to study jointly the timing of the father's death and other dimensions of well-being such as fertility, marital dissolution and consumption. Second, it discusses the extent to which selection on unobservables might bias the analysis, an issue that is discarded in most studies
19
Kingsbury, Kate. "New Mouride movements in Dakar and the diaspora". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669764.
20
Nevius, Wesley A. "Leading Muslims to Christ in Dakar, Senegal". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p006-1482.
21
N'Diaye, Abdoulaye. "Streamflow generation for the Senegal River basin". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_157_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
22
Bentz, Laurence. "Rituels et maternite chez les wolof (senegal)". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6538.
23
Ngutter, William Nguta-Makau. "The Door of Return Museum of Senegal". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54591.
Abstract (sommario):
Door of Return Museum symbolizes a synthesis of environmental building systems (EBS) and extends Senegal's cultural fingerprint along the Atlantic shoreline. Benefits of EBS technologies include ecologic imperatives, coexistence with nature, and transcultural synergies to name a few. Architecturally speaking EBS is the purposeful integration of environmental systems in a harmonious manner that maximizes passive energy solutions to the fullest extent possible. When doing so problems exist both environmental and contextual yet resolutions can be rewarding to the client, community, and most important the end-user. Overcoming problematic challenges maintains sensitivity towards nature, cultural history and vernacular typology. Design methodology mitigates natural systems such as thermal heat transfer, daylight control, natural ventilation and thermal lag prior to incorporating mechanical systems. The paramount result is a contemporary museum that educates via its collection and economized performance systems.Master of Architecture
24
MANZINI, ALESSANDRA. "Dinamiche di transizione in ecovillaggi del Senegal". Doctoral thesis, Università IUAV di Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11578/319927.
Abstract (sommario):
La ricerca di dottorato è stata un viaggio alla ricerca di intuizioni trasformative multiverso che emergono dal movimento degli eco-villaggi senegalese e da esperienze alternative anti-egemoniche. La domanda da cui sono partita si interroga su cosa possiamo apprendere dalle esperienze di transizione socio-ecologica di successo degli ecovillaggi del Senegal.
La prima questione ha generato riflessioni su quali metodi di emersione delle forme di transizione impiegare per includere una pluralità di voci e prospettive. I metodi attivati sono in linea con principi etico-filosofici inspirati al pensiero decoloniale. Tali metodi si propongono di restituire la complessità dei diversi sistemi insediativi e le differenze esistenti in significati, traiettorie, visioni, cosmologie, valori e pratiche delle diverse forme di transizione. Si è optato pertanto per la costruzione di un disegno valutativo multidimensionale comparativo in grado di comprendere spunti trasformativi e aspetti etico-filosofici appresi dalle scuole africane, ed effettuare un’analisi di sensitività relativa all’incidenza delle pratiche antropiche e delle condizioni climatiche sulle dinamiche di transizione. La ricerca di correlazione tra forme di transizione e spinte sociali ha portato ad evidenziare tra i casi studio le esperienze anti-egemoniche di resistenza, quelle di adattamento proattivo e all’estremo opposto di resa. Questi ultimi rinviano a casi di migrazione dovuti a crisi ambientali irreversibili.
La ricerca ha applicato una metodologia variegata, utilizzando spettacoli di teatro-forum come pratica decoloniale per discutere i problemi della transizione ecologica con gli abitanti dei luoghi e un itinerario metodologico diversificato, che ha seguito un disegno valutativo ricorsivo per aggiornare le ipotesi in itinere. I risultati mostrano la co-presenza di molteplici prospettive africane endogene, che tendono ad arricchire il messaggio "Africa-Mondo". Il messaggio è veicolato dal linguaggio con cui le nicchie (eco-villaggi) traducono il termine transizione ecologica, dalle forme di vita che riproducono nella loro spazialità, dalla resistenza delle connessioni di legame e dalla condivisione degli ecosistemi sociali nelle prassi e nelle cosmo-visioni, nonostante le perturbazioni del colonialismo, capitalismo e la poli-esposizione alla globalizzazione. Le cosmo-visioni si relazionano con gli immaginari e le spiegazioni fornite dalle comunità sull'origine del mondo e sul loro rapporto con la terra. Le auto-narrazioni dei luoghi presentano modi alternativi di abitare la terra e di relazionarsi con i non umani, più che con gli umani. I risultati della ricerca consentono di riflettere sul senso delle sfide ecologiche contemporanee in prospettiva africana. Si tratta di risultati parziali ottenuti mettendo in tensione esplorazioni sul campo con ‘paradigmi africani’ emergenti. La tensione non si è dimostrata indolore su entrambi i versanti. Se da un lato esperienze di connessione e cosmologie sembrano produrre forme di vita in parziale equilibrio con la natura, connotate da cooperazione sociale e legami che ne arricchiscono la qualità, dall’altro i nuovi ‘paradigmi africani’ sembrano difettare in autonomia, ma soprattutto incontrano difficoltà di legittimazione continentale. Non è un caso che i tentativi di traduzione delle cosmologie nelle pratiche di vita generino ecologie ibride che, oltre a mettere in discussione genealogie ‘scientifiche’ coloniali, sollevano il più generale quesito di cosa siano oggi le Afriche. La scoperta di quali risorse rappresentino leve di una transizione ecologica endogena su cui scommettere per rafforzare l’autonomia locale e la meta-stabilità di sistemi socio-ecologiche potrebbe aprire significative piste di ricerca per l’Africa e i suoi luoghi.The PhD research was a journey in search of multiverse transformative insights emerging from the Senegalese eco-village movement and alternative anti-hegemonic experiences. The question I started from asks what can we learn from the successful socio-ecological transition experiences of Senegal's eco-villages. The first question generated reflections on which methods of emerging forms of transition to employ in order to include a plurality of voices and perspectives. The methods applied are in line with ethical-philosophical principles inspired by de-colonial thinking. These methods aim to reveal the complexity of different settlement systems and the existing differences in meanings, trajectories, visions, cosmologies, values and practices of different forms of transition. We therefore opted for the construction of a comparative multidimensional evaluative design capable of encompassing transformative cues and ethical-philosophical aspects learnt from African schools, and carry out a sensitivity analysis on the impact of anthropic practices and climatic conditions on transition dynamics. The search for correlations between forms of transition and social drives led to the identification among the case studies of anti-hegemonic experiences of resistance, those of proactive adaptation and at the opposite extreme of surrender. The latter refer to cases of migration due to irreversible environmental crises. The research applied a hybrid methodology, using theatre-forum performances as a decolonial practice to discuss issues of ecological transition with local inhabitants, and a diverse methodological itinerary, which followed a recursive evaluative design to update hypotheses in progress. The results show the co-presence of multiple endogenous African perspectives, which tend to enrich the "Africa-World" message. The message is conveyed by the language with which the niches (eco-villages) translate the term ecological transition, the forms of life they reproduce in their spatiality, the resilience of bonding connections and the sharing of social ecosystems in practices and cosmo-visions, despite the disruptions of colonialism, capitalism and poly-exposure to globalisation. Cosmo-visions relate to the imaginaries and explanations provided by communities about the origin of the world and their relationship to the earth. The self-narratives of places present alternative ways of inhabiting the earth and relating to non-humans, rather than humans. The research findings allow us to reflect on the meaning of contemporary ecological challenges from an African perspective. They are partial results obtained by tensioning field explorations with emerging 'African paradigms'. The tension has not proved painless on both sides. While experiences of connectedness and cosmologies seem to produce forms of life in partial balance with nature, connoted by social cooperation and ties that enrich their quality, the new 'African paradigms' seem to lack autonomy, but above all they encounter difficulties with continental legitimacy. It is no coincidence that attempts to translate cosmologies into life practices generate hybrid ecologies that, in addition to questioning colonial 'scientific' genealogies, raise the more general question of what Africa is today. The discovery of which resources represent levers of an endogenous ecological transition on which to focus in order to strengthen local autonomy and the meta-stability of socio-ecological systems could open up significant avenues of research for Africa and its places.
25
Engels, Anita. "Globaler Umweltdiskurs und lokale Umweltkrisen Gesellschaft und anthropogener Klimawandel im Senegal /". [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=958593299.
26
Bernhard, Judith. "Der Beitrag der Viehhaltung zur Nahrungssicherung in ruralen Gebieten im Nord- und Süd-Senegal". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975387219.
27
Ross, Eric 1962. "Ṭûbâ : an African eschatology in Islam". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40435.
Abstract (sommario):
The thesis "Tuba: an African eschatology in Islam" adopts afrocentric hypotheses for the study of Islam. First, the thesis demonstrates how certain phenomena specific to Islam in Africa, those usually qualified as products of religious syncretism, are on the contrary indicative of the ongoing process of synthesis and enrichment within Islam, and, secondly, that African spiritual tradition continues today as in the past to participate along with others in this constructive process. In order to demonstrate this hypothesis the spiritual significance of the modern Islamic holy city of Touba in Senegal will be analyzed.Touba is named for the Tree of Paradise (Tuba) of Islamic tradition and the holy city has been constructed around the singular arboreal image. The spiritual meaning imparted by Touba, a deliberate creation, is expressed in the topography of the holy city, in its geographic configuration. The thesis adapts the methodologies of spatial analysis, and specifically the semiotic reading of landscape, to the study of a religious phenomenon, i.e., the creation of a holy city.
in order to explain the significance of this holy city for Islamic eschatology, the meanings which three distinct religious traditions (Islam, West Africa, Ancient Egypt) have attached to the image of the cosmic tree are inventoried. The tree as archetype here serves to establish the continuity of African religious thought from pharaonic Egypt to modern Muslim Senegal.
28
Ndarishikanye, Barnabe. "Agricultural productivity and rural-urban migration : the case of Senegal". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31278.
Abstract (sommario):
Rural-urban migration in Sub-Saharan African countries has been increasing since the 1960s. In Senegal from 1961 to 1996, it grew 7.6% per annum. Labour market in the modern industrial and service sectors is so depressed that urban workers face high unemployment and poverty rates, and live in substandard conditions in the fringe urban sector. The purpose of this study is to examine policies needed to reduce rural-urban migration through selected agricultural investments, especially given that a long run of low agricultural productivity has been a major cause of rural-urban migration flows.Based on a recursive system of equations, an estimate was made of rural-urban migration elasticity caused by agricultural inputs and their impact on migration. The model used combines a Cobb-Douglas agricultural production equation along with a rural-urban migration equation with agricultural output as an explanatory variable. The study period is 36 years from 1961 to 1996.
Our findings support the hypothesis that rural-urban migration is a positive outcome function of the urban-rural wage ratio that is proxied by the ratio of urban per capita income to rural per capita income. The results justify the design of a policy aimed at reducing rural-urban migration flows through increasing per capita earnings by means of increased agricultural investments. For instance, 10% increase of fertiliser lowers rural-urban migration by 20.5% while 10% increase of agricultural infrastructure reduces rural-urban migration of about 32.2%. If one extrapolates these results, fertiliser and infrastructure need to be increased respectively by 36% and 25% or both inputs by 13.09% to reach rural-urban migration annual rate of 2%, the level of industrial labour demand.
29
Spigelski, Dina L. "Dietary diversity and nutrient adequacy in women of childbearing age in a Senegalese peri-urban community". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80878.
Abstract (sommario):
The validity of two measures of dietary diversity derived from a qualitative diversity questionnaire (reference periods of 1 or 7 days) by comparison with nutrient intake from three 24-hour recalls was investigated in 51 women (18--45 y) in a peri-urban community in Senegal, West Africa. Significant positive correlations (range: r = 0.30 to r = 0.64) were found between intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin and vitamin B6 and diversity score based on number of different individual foods derived from data obtained from the 7-day reference period. Data from the diversity score from the 1-day reference period was less well correlated with the 24-hr recalls. Our data suggest that a diversity measure based on foods derived from a diversity questionnaire would be useful in the monitoring of nutrient intake changes over time within populations.
30
Woodfork, Jacqueline Cassandra. "Senegalese soldiers in the Second World War : loyalty and identity politics in the French colonial army /". Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008471.
31
Ní, Mhórdha Máire. "Knowing best? : an ethnographic exploration of the politics and practices of an international NGO in Senegal". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6930.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis explores the social and political relations of an international non-governmental organisation (NGO) based in Senegal. NGOs and international development have been the subject of research from a number of different perspectives, including the politics (and anti-politics) of development, post-development, structural violence and the ‘everyday lives' of NGO participants and workers (Ferguson 1990; Escobar 1995; Farmer 2004; Bornstein 2005; Hilhorst 2003). The present study builds on this scholarship through an ethnographic exploration of the networks of people involved with Tostan, an American NGO based in Senegal whose developmental objective is to engender social change among rural groups in Senegal (particularly those that practice female genital cutting), using a human rights education framework. Through identification and scrutiny of the organisation's macro- and micro-level social relations, I critically examine how ‘development' operates as a cultural and political process. I focus analytically on conceptions of knowledge and ignorance, particularly the ways in which these constructions are acted upon and utilised by different actors within the organisation. I argue that, as an NGO (and thus a ‘moral actor,' Guilhot 2005: 6) within the contemporary donor-driven development industry, a key preoccupation for Tostan as an organisation is the management of perception, or a concern for the ‘spectacle of development' (Allen 2013). Flowing from this argument is the assertion that the activities carried out by actors at every level of the organisation to produce and re-produce particular narratives through strategic knowing and unknowing are as significant (if not more so) as the formal programmatic activities implemented by the organisation ‘on the ground.' As David Mosse argues, development involves not only social work, but also the conceptual work of ‘enrolment, persuasion, agreement and argument that lies behind the consensus and coherence necessary to sustain authoritative narratives and networks for the continued support of policy' (Mosse 2005: 34). As I argue here, NGO actors work to (re)produce, project and protect particular narratives, through the strategic exercise of knowledge and ignorance, in order to access or consolidate positions of power within the politics of aid. Drawing on critical theories of development and human rights (e.g. Sachs 1992; Escobar 1991, 1995; Guilhot 2005, inter alia), within a political context succinctly described by Ellen Foley (2010: 9) as ‘the neoliberalization of just about everything,' I explore how actors across the organisation are linked in a web of cultural and political presuppositions, values, and motivations.
32
Jibo, Abdullahi Umar. "Variation in drought tolerance and morphological plasticity among two provenances of Acacia senegal (Senegalia senegal) seedling in North Eastern Nigeria". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227119.
33
Teolis, Carla. "Marriage, migration & change in small-town Senegal". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28288.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper aims to understand how the significant out-migration of men from small-town Senegal influences the marriage process and resulting conjugal life, specifically in reference to those left-behind. To address this objective, a case study approach is utilized focusing on the region of Kebemer, located in Senegal's peanut basin. Furthermore, gender theory as well as a sociology of the family approach are applied to interpret and give meaning to the different socioeconomic factors at play in shaping the dynamics of marriage and conjugal life. It is argued that while certain elements of the marriage process are experiencing changes as a result of migration (higher brideprice, a delay of first marriage, spousal selection norms and so on), it is noted that migrants tend to remain especially conservative, staying rooted in traditional beliefs and behaviours. In light of such discoveries, conventional notions of 'development' are challenged and alternative understandings sought out.
34
Thiam, Ibrahim [Verfasser]. "Les aspects du Mouridisme au Senegal / Ibrahim Thiam". Marburg : Tectum-Verl, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1005315116/34.
35
Osman, Mohamed Elmubarak. "Fractionation and characterisation of gum from Acacia senegal". Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336168.
36
SY, ISSA. "Phenomene associatif et gestion urbaine a dakar (senegal)". Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA080633.
Abstract (sommario):
Quatrieme commune de la colonie du senegal a partir de 1887, dakar, lorsque vient l'heure de l'independance, est deja riche d'une longue tradition d'administration et de gestion locale. En 1960, avec l'independance des anciennes colonies de l'a. O. F. (afrique occidentale francaise), la ville perd son titre et son influence de capitale federale. Une substitution s'est vite operee : l'etat senegalais independant s'est donne dakar pour capitale, aux depens de saint-louis chef-lieu, jusquela de la colonie. A l'epreuve des mutations qui secouent depuis trente ans la societe senegalaise, en particulier la societe dakaroise, les institutions municipales sont l'objet depuis les annees 80 d'une remise en cause. Pour pallier les carences du pouvoir communal, l'etat a laisse en effet, se developper des associations considerees comme des organismes moins politises moins clientelistes, accessibles aux arguments techniques, en un mot, mieux capables de participer a la gestion de la cite. Les associations appaissent ainsi comme des palliatifs des carences, voire de l'echec de la gestion communale, ainsi que les effets de la crise qui secoue le pays depuis 1970. Castors, ouakam, genawrails et grand-yoff presentent des exemples de rapports municipalites associations, en matiere de gestion urbaine. Les associations urbaines ne font jamais de distinction entre l'economie et ce qu'elles appellent "leur droit de prendre en main les problemes de leur quartier". Dans les quartiers etudies, nous n'avons pas rencontre une reelle solidarite horizontale des associations entre elles.
37
GUISSE, PAPA BANGA. "Les aspects institutionnels des assurances maritimes au senegal". Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT4007.
Abstract (sommario):
L'objet de cette these est de tenter de repondre a la problematique suivante : comment concilier les institutions protectionnistes du senegal avec le caractere international des assurances maritimes ? dans le cadre de l'application des recommandations de la cnuced, le senegal, a l'instar de la plupart des pays en voie de developpement, avait voulu creer son propre marche des assurances maritimes afin de reduire les sorties de devises. A cet effet et en application des mesures furent prises : l'assurance locale fut instituee pour les biens et marchandises importees ainsi que pour les corps de navire battant pavillon senegalais; une societe senegalaise et reassurance (sen-re-) fut creee en plus des deux societes regionales et sous-regionale de reassurance (africa-re et cica-re); une cession legale en reassurance fut instituee a leur profit. Malgre toutes ces mesures, des armateurs ou importateurs continuent de s'assurer a l'etranger; le volume annuel des primes encaissees baissent regulierement ; les assureurs sous-tarifient les risques et delivrent des certificats de complaisance; les societes de reassurance retrocedent la plupart des risques. Des lors, on constate que les objectifs que s'etaient fixes les autorites ne sont pas atteints. Des solutions s'imposent alors. Parmi celles-ci figurent la necessite d'une nouvelle redaction des textes, le renforcement du controle et des sanctions, l'augmentation du capital des societes assurances et de reassurance, la creation de pools regionaux d'assurances et de reassurance, le renforcement de la cooperation mondiale, enfin la levee, a moyen terme, des mesures protectionnistes afin de redynamiser l'initiative privee des assureursThe aim of this thesis is to try find an answer to the following question : how can senegal's protectionist institutions become compartible with the intmernational nature of marine insurance ? in agreement with the recommendations outlined by the (cnuced), senegal, like most developing countries had wanted to create its own market in marinem insurance in order t reduce currency outflow. To this effect, the following measures were taken : local insurance was established for goods and commodities imported as well as for the main vessels bearing the senegalese flag; a senegalese reinsurance company (sen-re) was created in addition to two regional and sub-regional reinsurance companies (africa-re and cica-re); a legal insurance transfer was established in their favour. Inspite of all these measures, ship owners and importers continue to insure abroad. The number of premiums collected annually is lowering regulary. Insurers under-rate the risks and issue complacency certificates, the insurance companies retrocede most of the risks. As a result, it has been noted that the aims set by the authorities have not been attained. Solutions have to be found therefore. Among them is thenecessity for new rules, the reinforcement of control and sanctions, the increase of insurance and reinsurance companies capital, creation of regional insurance and reinsurance pools, the reinforcement of the worldwide co-operation and finally, the lifting up of protective measures at a medium term, in order to give new boost to the private initiative of insurers
38
Hamouda, Yasir. "Factors affecting the quality of Acacia senegal gums". Thesis, University of Chester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/620895.
Abstract (sommario):
Gum arabic is a natural gummy exudate from acacia trees and exhibits natural built-in variations commonly associated with hydrocolloids. This study is concerned with the determination of factors which could influence its properties and functionality. These factors include origin (location, soil type, rainfall), different collections, age of the trees and storage condition. Previous studies acknowledged the influence of some of these factors but somehow lack providing definitive answers to questions being asked by the end user and required for the development of Gum arabic industry in Sudan. Local knowledge as well as the various stages of gum collection and processing were reviewed in order to provide a clear background and the justification for the experimental design. In this study samples were collected from six plantations located in the west and east regions in Sudan. Samples were collected from trees of different age (5, 10, 15 and 20 years old) and also from different picking interval (1-4). Each sample was divided into three portions (UK, Khartoum and Port Sudan) and stored for 5 years in order to determine the effect of the respective location. Various analytical parameters (% loss on drying, Optical rotation, % protein, intrinsic viscosity, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution) were measured to fully characterise the gum samples and to determine their functionality (emulsification). The results obtained for all samples were consistent with those previously reported in the literature (see Chapter 4). The only exception, identified in a number of samples from the western region, is the high proportion (~30%) of high molecular weight fraction termed arabinogalactan-protein complex (AGP). The results clearly demonstrated significant variations between plantations located in western region compared with the eastern region. However, the variations between the plantations within the same region are statistically not significant. High values of % protein, viscosity, Mw and % AGP were obtained from the 1st pick, from both regions, and then significantly decreased thereafter to the fourth pick. Samples from west region in Sudan, from 1st and 2nd pick and from tree age (15) years gave the highest viscosity, molecular weight, % AGP and superior emulsification performance compared to other samples from different tree ages. The regression statistical analysis for the physiochemical properties correlation with emulsification performance demonstrated the role of % AGP to be the most influential factor followed by viscosity. The major finding of this study is the effect of storage condition on the properties and functionality of Acacia senegal. An increase in the molecular weight for all stored samples (for 5 years) irrespective of region was evident and statically significant. However, this increase was more prominent for samples from the western region compared to the eastern region. The AGP fraction was increased by the storage treatment up to 40% in Port-Sudan, 20% in Khartoum-Sudan and 15% in UK. The result clearly demonstrated that the temperature and humidity are the crucial factors to induce the natural maturation process in acacia gums. Statistical analysis (linear regression) suggested statistically significant models and equations to predict and explain the variations in the physiochemical and functional properties based on the environmental factors, picking set and age of the tree.
39
Gilbert, Hannah. "Rallying resources : strategies of therapeutic engagement among patients living with HIV in Senegal". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79769.
Abstract (sommario):
In recent years there has been a worldwide recognition of the disparity of HIV treatment available in the West and in Sub-Saharan Africa. The West African nation of Senegal was early to implement measures that allowed for the distribution of highly effective anti-HIV therapy known as Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy to a limited number of patients. This thesis explores how patients living in Senegal who are infected with HIV have engaged in various negotiations to obtain access to treatment and other resources to meet the needs posed by their infection. These negotiations are framed by various historically embedded notions of how to engage relationships in the search for care. Strategies are also shaped by the biopolitically-laden discourse that guides the distribution of ARV therapy. This thesis traces the structure, evolution, and effects of patients' strategic negotiations in response to the introduction of this therapeutic technology.
40
Neveu, Kringelbach Hélène. "Encircling the dance : social mobility through the transformation of performance in urban Senegal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b4e390d6-6d09-4d54-8034-7b3923b9f251.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis looks at the social significance of dance in Dakar, Senegal, both as an everyday practice and as a performing art. The boundaries commonly drawn between stage and mundane performance are shown to be irrelevant, as people circulate between performance spaces and dance forms. The dance itself is described as an elusive and ever-changing way of constructing identity, which is renewed every time it is performed. Most importantly, this thesis introduces dance as a vehicle of social mobility in its multiple dimensions, as an instrument in the politics of ethnicity in Senegal, and as a site of negotiation of gender relations. The complex interplay between the agency of local dancers and global performing circuits is also examined. Transformations in social status of performers are traced through time, space and across three genres of performance: the sabar, which is central in what I call "women's dances", folkloric performance, and recent choreographic experiments, lumped under the misleading label of "contemporary dance". The sabar and women's dance events are examined both as the local movement style that informs some of the choreographic work displayed on stage, and as a central space in which alternative gender relations are experimented with. I suggest that urban dance events have become increasingly dominated by women, for whom the dance is a convenient way of excluding men from their sociality, or including them on their own terms. Women are thus able to retain the control of important aspects of social life (the socialization of young girls, marriage negotiations, exchanging secrets on how to "tie" a husband), engage in trade and coach each other into small-scale business. Alongside the celebration of female solidarity, dance events are also moments of intense female competition. This is achieved through fashion, sexually explicit dancing and elaborate manipulation of the body. I argue that in a depressed economic climate which has turned to the disadvantage of most men, women are discreetly using their favourite form of sociality - the dance to make advances into the socio-economic domain. The argument on the performer's status through time takes the pre-colonial status stratification, particularly the figure of the Griot-performer, as a starting point. I suggest that the international career opportunities generated by the development of the folkloric genre from the 1960s onwards have helped modify the perception of the performer, albeit on a moderate scale. Further improvement has recently been achieved with the emergence of "contemporary dance". This is because the most successful performers within this experimental genre have benefited from the opportunity to promote themselves as individual artists. Moreover, when on tour abroad they are usually paid more and perform in more prestigious theatres than they do with folkloric performance, which often remains confined to "African festivals" and tourist resorts. In Senegal, they engage in collaborative work with visiting artists from Europe, North America or Japan. By contrast with the elitist character of the genre in its early days, in the 1970s, "contemporary" Senegalese dance is gradually becoming popularized, as people promote themselves as artists with a social consciousness. But the thesis also emphasizes that social mobility is not equally available to all, and that success, far from being a linear process, also contains the possibility of its own downfall: touring abroad may lose much of its appeal once people realize that they are being exploited. For performers who experiment with "contemporary" forms, social recognition can easily turn into accusations of doing "White people's stuff". This may partly explain why these performers are so keen to make their "local" grounding explicit, and why they nurture a fascination with "tradition". In a broader sense, this study also highlights the complexities of globalization processes in performance. It hints at the risks of the forms of globalization that reinforce power imbalances. Indeed, the renewed interest in the "contemporary" arts of Africa may be seen as part of a more general movement towards exploiting the creativity of African cultures. I examine people's ambivalent attitudes towards this, and argue that people perceive their own lives, as well as their status in the wider world, as deeply entangled with the representations of Africa which are projected onto the worldwide stage.
41
DELOLY, FREDERIC. "Les hopitaux de dakar : a propos d'une enquete d'opinion". Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20274.
42
SCOTTO, DI RINALDI PASCAL. "Neuro-chirurgie au senegal : dix annees d'experience a la clinique neuro-chirurgicale de dakar : 1971-1980". Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20286.
43
Guèye, Cheikh. "L'organisation de l'espace dans une ville religieuse : touba (senegal)". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1GE02.
Abstract (sommario):
Touba, par un taux de croissance de 15% par an pendant 30 ans (entre 1958 et 1988) est devenue avec ses 300. 000 habitants environ, la deuxieme ville du senegal apres l'agglomeration de dakar-pikine et la premiere ville de l'interieur. Son urbanisation represente la composante urbaine de la territorialisation de la confrerie dont il est la capitale. L'espace urbain toubien est modele par la concurrence entre matrilignages et lignages issus du fondateur et de ses dignitaires. Il reflete l'efficacite d'un urbanisme mouride qui privilegie l'anticipation et la demesure. Touba est l'enveloppe et le produit d'une societe mouride qui s'adapte a l'urbain. La ville est egalement a la fois le produit de l'autonomisation d'une contre-societe et le lieu ou se traduisent ses interactions avec l'etat. Il devient le point focal d'une diaspora mouride au senegal et a l'etranger qui s'identifie a ce << lieu de retour >>, et qui prend en charge le projet urbain. Territorialisation et deterritorialisation y sont concomitantes. Touba n'est pas un modele reproductible. Mais il porte au paroxysme la transcription du sacre et de l'identite sur l'espace urbain, et ce phenomene est de plus en plus present dans l'ensemble du continent africain. Touba a donc quelque chose a apporter a la comprehension de l'urbanisation africaine.
44
Diop, Ousseynou. "Management of invasive aquatic weeds with emphasis on biological control in Senegal". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005414.
Abstract (sommario):
In 1985 the Diama Dam was built near the mouth of the Senegal River to regulate flows during the rainy season and prevent the intrusion of seawater during the dry season. This created ideal conditions upstream of the dam wall for invasion by two highly invasive aquatic weeds, first by water lettuce Pistia stratiotes Linnaeus (Araceae) in 1993, and then by salvinia Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) in 1999. This study was focused on the management of P. stratiotes and S. molesta. Following successes that were achieved elsewhere in the world, biological control programmes involving two weevil species were inaugurated against both weeds and research was focused on several aspects. These included pre-release studies to determine the weevils' host-specificity and impact on the plants in the laboratory, their subsequent mass-rearing and releases at selected sites and post-release evaluations on their impact on the weed populations in the field. Both programmes, which reprepresented the first biocontrol efforts against aquatic weeds in Senegal, proved highly successful with severe damage inflicted on the weed populations and complete control achieved within a relatively short time span. A laboratory exclusion experiment with N. affinis on P. stratiotes showed that in treated tubs, the weevil strongly depressed plant performance as measured by the plant growth parameters: mass, rosette diameter, root length, number of leaves and daughter plants whereas control plants were healthy. Field releases started in September 1994 and water coverage by P. stratiotes at Lake Guiers was reduced by 25% in January 1995 and 50% in April 1995. A general decline of 65% in water coverage by P. stratiotes was observed in June 1995 and by August 1995, eight months after releases P. stratiotes mats were destroyed. Further, although no releases were made there, good results were obtained within 18 months at Djoudj Park water bodies, located 150 km NW from Lake Guiers indicating the potential of the weevil to disperse long distances. In 2005, P. stratiotes reappeared and the weevil N. affinis has located and controlled all of these P. stratiotes recurrences after new releases. In 1999, S. molesta covered an estimated area of 18 000 ha on the Senegal River Left Bank and tributaries (Senegal) and 7 840 ha on the Senegal River Right Bank (Mauritania). Military and Civil Development Committee (CCMAD) and community volunteers made an effort to control S. molesta using physical removal, but this costly and labour-intensive approach was unsustainable. Hence, biological control was adopted by Senegal and Mauritania to manage the weed. Host range tests to assess feeding by C. salviniae on S. molesta and non-target plants and carried out on 13 crop species showed that no feeding damage was observed on the latter and weevils only fed on S. molesta. Field releases of some 48 953 weevils at 270 sites were made from early January 2002 to August 2002. Within one year, weevils were established and were being recovered up to 50 km from the release sites. In a case study conducted at one of the release sites, the S. molesta infestation was reduced from 100% to less than 3% 24 months after release. These results are discussed in the context of the weeds’ negative impact on aquatic systems and riverside communities, and in the involvement of these communities in the programmes.
45
Diagana, Bocar Nene. "Demand versus a severely constrained domestic supply : an analysis of the rice imbalance in Senegal". Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9831.
46
Ly, Birama Apho. "The Determinants of the Use of Telemedicine in Senegal". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35140.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction
In Senegal, as in many countries, physicians are unevenly distributed. This situation leads to health inequalities, but the solutions adopted to distribute physicians equitably do not give satisfactory results. This situation pushes decision-makers and researchers to look for other solutions such as telemedicine. This technology-based solution is considered to be a good means to improve physician recruitment and retention in underserved areas, thus improving access to healthcare in these areas, but it is still underused in Senegalese health facilities.
Objective
This study aimed to identify the determinants of the use of telemedicine in Senegal. More specifically, it aimed to identify the individual (micro) and contextual (meso and macro) factors that influence the use of telemedicine in Senegal.
Method
The study involved mixed methods: a descriptive qualitative study involving individual interviews and a cross-sectional quantitative study involving questionnaires. The first method was used to study the individual (micro) factors such as physicians’ beliefs on the use of telemedicine and physicians’ perception of the impact of telemedicine on their recruitment and retention in underserved areas. It was also used to study the contextual meso (technical, organizational and ethical) and macro (financial, political, legal and socioeconomic) factors that influence the use of telemedicine. The second method was used to study participants’ intention to use telemedicine in their professional activities, another individual (micro) factor. This study included physicians working in public hospitals, those working in district health, and telemedicine projects managers. Qualitative data was collected through individual interviews, transcribed and imported into NVivo 10 where they were coded thematically. Quantitative data was collected by administering questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 23.
Results
The results showed that telemedicine could contribute to, but could not guarantee the recruitment and retention of Senegalese physicians in underserved areas. It was found that physicians in Senegal have both positive and negative behavioural, normative and control beliefs that can encourage or discourage them from using telemedicine in their professional practice. The most salient behavioural beliefs were that telemedicine makes experts’ opinions accessible across distances (positive behavioural belief), but could lead to medical errors (negative behavioural belief). The most common normative beliefs were that their patients would most probably approve the use of telemedicine (positive normative belief) while their colleagues working in the public sector might disapprove of it (negative normative belief). The most reported control beliefs were that the use of telemedicine is easy (positive control belief), but could be time-consuming (negative control belief). For physicians in Senegal, the findings also demonstrate that the probability that they will use telemedicine in their professional activities is moderate and influenced by their perceived behavioural control which, in turn, is influenced by their positive and negative control beliefs. Finally, the results demonstrate that many contextual meso (technical, organizational and ethical) and macro (financial, political, legal and socioeconomic) factors influence the use of telemedicine in Senegal.
Conclusion
The results of this study can inform the choice of telemedicine development strategies. These strategies can help to promote the use of telemedicine in Senegal, which in turn can help to increase physician recruitment and retention in underserved areas, resulting in better access to healthcare and, and as a result improved population health.
47
Venema, Henry David. "A management planning model for the Senegal River Basin". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6879.
Abstract (sommario):
The Senegal River Basin (SRB), located in the Sahel region of West Africa is undergoing fundamental environmental, hydrologic and socio-economic transitions simultaneously. The tri-nation (Senegal, Mauritania and Mali) river basin development authority, the Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Senegal (OMVS) is attempting to execute a shift to irrigated rice production in the river basin for domestic consumption, to ease the severe foreign exchange shortfalls these riparian nations face. Compounding the severe effects of the drought on the river basin ecology is the negative impact of the state imposed agricultural policy of rice production. Rice production in the arid river valley has been a financial and social failure. This study postulates an alternative utilization of the scarce water resources in the basin. The water demand pattern for an alternative natural resources management focused agricultural development policy is based on the irrigation water requirements of well-researched village-scale irrigation projects in the SRB, and intensive irrigated agro-forestry projects. The agro-forestry production system analyzed has the joint objectives of using irrigation to re-establish a protective, diverse and productive bio-mass cover in the desertifying river valley, and to reverse the tide of drought induced migration from rural to urban areas. A comparative river system simulation study was conducted to analyze the effects of both the rice production development policy (policy RP) and the natural resources management policy (policy NRM), on the full agricultural development potential of the SRB. Alternative hydrologic scenarios were generated for the simulation study according to the Senegal River time series analysis, for the historical level, 1970s level drought and 1980s level drought. For all hydrologic scenarios the lower over-all demand pattern exerted by policy NRM allowed a higher full development potential than for policy RP. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
48
Thiam, Sara. "Divine Interventions? Humanitarian aid and Qur'anic schools in Senegal". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22024.
Abstract (sommario):
The thousands of Qur'anic school students ("taalibes") flooding the urban streets of Senegal, West Africa, each day begging for spare change to support their schools ("daaras") and scraps of food are inciting a burgeoning humanitarian movement consisting of international non-governmental organizations (NGOs), Christian missions and community action associations. In addition to bringing food, materials, and medical care to these impoverished schools, these groups are driven by Christian and/or secular humanitarian values which are mobilized to generate a change in behavior in "daaras" and communities. In this thesis I examine the interactions between humanitarian aid and religion by documenting the various forms of religious or secular aid directed at the "taalibes" and raising questions about the impacts that such aid may have on the "taalibes", "daaras" and Islamic education in Senegal.Les milliers d'étudiants coraniques ("taalibes") qui inondent les rues urbaines du Sénégal, Afrique de l'Ouest, et mendient chaque jour pour avoir des pièces pour appuyer leurs écoles ("daaras") et avoir de quoi à manger, sont en train d'inciter un mouvement humanitaire bourgeonnant qui est constitué d'organisations non-gouvernementales, des missions Chrétiennes et des associations d'action communautaire. En plus d'apporter à manger, des matériaux et des soins médicaux aux écoles appauvries, ces groupes sont motivés par des valeurs humanitaires Chrétiennes et/ou laïques qui sont mobilisés pour générer un changement de comportement dans les "daaras" et dans les communautés. Dans cette thèse, j'examine les interactions entre l'aide humanitaire et la religion en mettant en valeur les formes variées d'aide religieuse ou laïque dirigées envers les "taalibes", et en posant des questions sur les impactes qu'une telle aide peut avoir sur les "taalibes", les "daaras", et l'éducation islamique au Sénégal.
49
Cantone, Cleo. "The making and re-making of mosques in Senegal". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440511.
50
Evans, Martin Neville. "The Casamance, Senegal : 'war economy' or business as usual?" Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407794.