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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 9 marzo 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Thompson, Ken, Roberta M. Ceriani, Jan P. Bakker e Renée M. Bekker. "Are seed dormancy and persistence in soil related?" Seed Science Research 13, n. 2 (giugno 2003): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2003128.

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AbstractThere is confusion in the ecological literature between seed dormancy and persistence in soil. Some ecologists seem to assume that dormancy is necessary for persistence, while others imply that dormancy and persistence are virtually synonymous. Here, we show that there is no close relationship between dormancy and persistence and, incidentally, that conventional methods of investigating soil seed banks underestimate the persistence of species with dormant seeds. The confusion appears to arise from the concept of ‘enforced dormancy’, which is not genuinely dormancy at all, and would be eliminated if ecologists adopted the definition of dormancy employed by physiologists. Dormancy is a characteristic of the seed, not of the environment, the degree of which defines the conditions required to make the seed germinate.

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Steadman, Kathryn J., Amanda J. Ellery, Ross Chapman, Andrew Moore e Neil C. Turner. "Maturation temperature and rainfall influence seed dormancy characteristics of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, n. 10 (2004): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04083.

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The role of temperature and rainfall during seed development in modulating subsequent seed dormancy status was studied for Lolium rigidum Gaud. (annual ryegrass). Climatic parameters relating to geographic origin were compared with annual ryegrass seed dormancy characteristics for seeds collected from 12 sites across the southern Western Australian cropping region. Seed germination was tested soon after collection and periodically during subsequent after-ripening. Temperature in the year of seed development and long-term rainfall patterns showed correlations with aspects of seed dormancy, particularly the proportion of seeds remaining dormant following 5 months of after-ripening. Consequently, for one population the temperature (warm/cool) and water supply (adequate/reduced) during seed development were manipulated to investigate the role of maternal environment in the quantity and dormancy characteristics of seeds produced. Seeds from plants grown at warm temperatures were fewer in number, weighed less, and were less dormant than those from plants grown at cool temperature. Seeds that developed under both cool temperature and reduced moisture conditions lost dormancy faster than seeds from well-watered plants. Seed maturation environment, particularly temperature, can have a significant effect on annual ryegrass seed numbers and seed dormancy characteristics.

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Haile, Teketel A., e Steven J. Shirtliffe. "Effect of Harvest Timing on Dormancy Induction in Canola Seeds". Weed Science 62, n. 3 (settembre 2014): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-13-00178.1.

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Seedbank persistence in canola seeds is related to their potential to develop secondary dormancy. This can result in volunteer weed problems many years after canola production. The potential to be induced into secondary dormancy is controlled by both the canola genetics and the environment of the mother plant. However, the effect of time of harvesting on secondary dormancy potential is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvest timing on potential to develop seed dormancy in canola. Six harvest samples were collected weekly from two canola genotypes (5440 and 5020) starting from 10 to 20% seed color change on the main stem until they were fully ripened. Freshly harvested seeds of 5440 and 5020 showed 13 and 16% primary dormancy at 32 and 33 d after flowering (DAF), respectively, but dormancy decreased with harvest timings and no dormancy was observed when seeds were fully mature (78 DAF). After dormancy induction, 10% of 5440 seeds were dormant at 32 DAF, but 94% of seeds were dormant at 78 DAF. Similarly, 70% of 5020 seeds were dormant at 33 DAF, but 90% of seeds were dormant at 68 DAF. Thus, seeds had lower potential to secondary dormancy at early development but have a high potential to secondary dormancy induction at full maturity. This study suggests that windrowing these canola genotypes at the recommended time (60% seed color change on the main stem) may reduce ability of the seed to develop secondary dormancy and thus reduce the persistence of seeds in the soil seedbank.

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Alvarado, Veria, e Kent J. Bradford. "Hydrothermal time analysis of seed dormancy in true (botanical) potato seeds". Seed Science Research 15, n. 2 (giugno 2005): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005198.

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As seed dormancy is released within a seed population, both the rate and percentage of germination increase progressively with increasing dose of a dormancy-breaking treatment or condition. Population-based models can account for this behaviour on the basis of shifting response thresholds as dormancy is alleviated. In particular, hydrothermal time analysis of germination sensitivity to water potential (Ψ) and temperature (T) can describe these features of seed behaviour. We used the hydrothermal time model to analyse the effects of dormancy-breaking treatments on germination of dormant true (botanical) potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) seeds (TPS). After-ripening (37°C and 4% seed moisture content) of TPS for 7 or 30 days partially or fully alleviated primary dormancy. The median base water potential required to prevent germination [Ψb(50)] decreased from –0.25 MPa in control seeds to –0.87 MPa and –1.83 MPa after 7 and 30 days of after-ripening, respectively. In contrast, the base temperature for germination (Tb) was relatively unaffected (0–3.3°C). Fluridone (50 μM), an inhibitor of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, also promoted germination of dormant TPS and lowered Ψb(50), indicating a role forde novosynthesis of ABA during dormancy maintenance. Moist chilling (3 days at 4°C) or gibberellin (100 μM) alleviated secondary dormancy and lowered Ψb(50) values from –0.08 MPa to –0.36 and –0.87 MPa, respectively. The hydrothermal time model allows quantification of dormancy levels and explains why changes in germination speed and percentage are closely correlated during dormancy alleviation.

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Buijs, Gonda. "A Perspective on Secondary Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana". Plants 9, n. 6 (15 giugno 2020): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9060749.

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Primary seed dormancy is the phenomenon whereby seeds newly shed by the mother plant are unable to germinate under otherwise favorable conditions for germination. Primary dormancy is released during dry seed storage (after-ripening), and the seeds acquire the capacity to germinate upon imbibition under favorable conditions, i.e., they become non-dormant. Primary dormancy can also be released from the seed by various treatments, for example, by cold imbibition (stratification). Non-dormant seeds can temporarily block their germination if exposed to unfavorable conditions upon seed imbibition until favorable conditions are available. Nevertheless, prolonged unfavorable conditions will re-induce dormancy, i.e., germination will be blocked upon exposure to favorable conditions. This phenomenon is referred to as secondary dormancy. Relative to primary dormancy, the mechanisms underlying secondary dormancy remain understudied in Arabidopsis thaliana and largely unknown. This is partly due to the experimental difficulty in observing secondary dormancy in the laboratory and the absence of established experimental protocols. Here, an overview is provided of the current knowledge on secondary dormancy focusing on A. thaliana, and a working model describing secondary dormancy is proposed, focusing on the interaction of primary and secondary dormancy.

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Seshu, D. V., e M. Dadlani. "Mechanism of seed dormancy in rice". Seed Science Research 1, n. 3 (settembre 1991): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500000854.

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AbstractDormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed is imposed by certain physical and chemical factors associated with its covering structures, i.e.hull and pericarp. The nature of these germination blocks, their mode ofaction, and processes regulating the release of dormancy are not fully understood. Of nine rice cultivars studied, Ching-shi 15, Stejaree 45, PTB10, and Mahsuri are weakly dormant, and Bansphul, Benaful, Kataktara, Dular, and N22 are dormant. Release of seed dormancy in rice by various treatments, oxidative processes and enzymic changes associated with dormancy, and parallelism between natural and artificially imposed dormancy patterns were examined. The influence of the hull in imposing dormancy was stronger and more prolonged than that of the pericarp. Application of GA3 was effective in inducing germination only in weakly dormant cultivars. Dormancy was completely released in all cultivars by subjecting the seeds to moist heat treatment, by removing the hull and pericarp, and by applying GA3 after dehulling. Dormant cultivars had higher O2 uptake rate and peroxidase activity and lower amylase and dehydrogenase activities than the weakly dormant ones. Hull removal substantially decreased peroxidase activity but enhanced amylase and dehydrogenase activities. Nonanoic acid (C90), a short-chain saturated fatty acid (SCSFA), when exogenously applied to non-dormant seeds imposed dormancy. Dry heat treatment or presoaking in 0.01 m KNO3 or 0.1 m H2O2 was very effective in releasing SCSFA-imposed dormancy. Amylase activity was greatly reduced by treatments with nonanoic acid (C90) or ABA. Considering earlier reports and results of the present study, it is proposed that seed dormancy in rice is regulated both by the presence of SCSFAs and ABA in the hull and the pericarp. The relative significance of these substances in cultivars of tropical and temperate origins and its implications in terms of ecogeographic adaptability are discussed.

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Ismaturrahmi, Ismaturrahmi, Hasanuddin Hasanuddin e Agam Ihsan Hereri. "Teknik pematahan dormansi secara fisik dan kimia terhadap viabilitas benih aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.)". Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 3, n. 4 (1 novembre 2018): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v3i4.9211.

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Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik pematahan dormansi secara fisik dan kimia, serta nyata tidaknya interaksi antara pematahan dormansi secara fisik dengan pematahan dormansi secara kimia terhadap viabilitas benih aren. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, dari bulan juli sampai November 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Pola Faktorial 4 x 4 dengan 3 ulangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 faktor yaitu: pematahan dormansi secara fisik (S), meliputi : (S0) = Tanpa perlakuan fisik, (S1) = Digosok dengan kertas amplas , (S2) = Digores dengan cutter sepanjang punggung benih, dan (S3) = Menghilangkan selaput gabus pada hilum, dan pematahan dormansi secara kimia (K), meliputi: (K0) = Konsentrasi 0% KNO3, (K1) = Konsentrasi 0,3% KNO3, (K2) = Konsentrasi 0,5% KNO3, (K3) = Konsentrasi 0,7% KNO3.Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa : Kombinasi perlakuan secara fisik yang digores dengan cutter (S2) dengan konsentrasi KNO3 0,5% (K2) merupakan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik untuk pematahan dormanis pada benih aren.Dormancy Breaking Technique by Physical and Chemical Means on Viabitity of Palm Seed (Arenga pinnata Merr.)Abstract. This research aims to know the effect of physics and chemical dormancy breaking technique, and significant or not the interaction between physical dormancy breaking with chemical dormancy breaking on the viability of the palm seeds. This research was conducted in Science and Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, from July to November 2017. This research used Factorial Completely Randomize Design with 4 x 4 repeated 3 times. This research uses 2 factors, namely: physical dormancy breaking (S), including: (S0) = Without physical treatment, (S1) = Rubbed with sandpaper, (S2) = scratched with cutter along the back of seed, and (S3) = Eliminate the cork membrane on the hylum, and chemical dormancy breaking (K), namely: (K0) = Concentration 0% KNO3, (K1) = Concentration 0.3% KNO3, (K2) = Concentration 0.5% KNO3, (K3) = Concentration 0.7% KNO3. The results of research that has been done, it can be concluded that : The combination of physical treatment scratched with cutter (S2) with KNO3 concentration of 0.5% (K2) is the best treatment combination for dormanic breaking of palm seeds.

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Tieu, Anle, e Louise M. Egerton-Warburton. "Contrasting seed morphology dynamics in relation to the alleviation of dormancy with soil storage". Canadian Journal of Botany 78, n. 9 (1 settembre 2000): 1187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-093.

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We examined the effect of prolonged (up to 450 days) soil burial in the field on seed morphological traits (seed coat structure, permeability) to identify their potential roles in seed dormancy and release. Such traits were examined in species with seeds that demonstrated an obligate requirement for soil storage before germination: the dormant seeds of Anigozanthos manglesii D. Don, Conostylis neocymosa Hopper, Stylidium affine Sonder, and Stylidium crossocephalum F. Muell., and the deeply dormant fruits of Leucopogon conostephioides D.C. We detected species-specific and environmentally induced variation in seed morphology following soil burial. In A. manglesii and L. conostephioides, a significant deterioration of the seed coat or fruit wall and an increased permeability of the seed coat to water and solutes were correlated with germination responses. In these species, the seed coat and (or) fruit wall delayed germination until (morpho) physiological dormancy was broken. In C. neocymosa, S. affine, and S. crossocephalum, weathering of the seed coat, permeability, and germination were not correlated traits. These species appeared to possess physiological dormancy mechanisms and required environmental cues for dormancy release.Key words: physiological dormancy, soil burial, seed coat, morphology.

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Liyanage, Ganesha S., e Mark K. J. Ooi. "Do dormancy-breaking temperature thresholds change as seeds age in the soil seed bank?" Seed Science Research 27, n. 1 (29 dicembre 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258516000271.

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AbstractIn fire-prone ecosystems, many species regenerate after fire from persistent soil seed banks. Species with physically dormant (PY) seeds have dormancy broken by fire-related heat. The magnitude of post-fire recruitment, to predict response to varying fire severity, is commonly estimated by testing dormancy-breaking temperature thresholds of fresh PY seeds. However, seeds spend years in the soil during the inter-fire period, and determining whether dormancy-breaking thresholds change over time is essential to accurately predict population persistence. Germination of four south-eastern Australian PY species from the Fabaceae family (Acacia linifolia, Aotus ericoides, Bossiaea heterophylla and Viminaria juncea) were studied. Dormancy-breaking temperature thresholds vary inter-specifically and the species represented either high or low dormancy-breaking threshold classes. Freshly collected seeds, and seeds that had been buried in the field or stored in dry laboratory conditions for 6 and 18 months were subjected to a fire-related range of heat treatments (40–100°C). Seed ageing increased germination response to heat treatments, effectively lowering the dormancy-breaking thresholds of three species. The fourth species, A. linifolia, initially had a relatively large non-dormant fraction which was lost as seeds aged, with older seeds then displaying PY broadly similar to the other study species. Patterns of threshold decay were species-specific, with the thresholds and viability of low-threshold species declining more rapidly than high-threshold species. The non-dormant fraction did not increase over time for any of our study species. Instead of increasing their non-dormant fraction, as is common in other vegetation types, these fire-prone PY species displayed a change of dormancy-breaking temperature thresholds. This is an important distinction, as maintaining dormancy during the inter-fire period is essential for population persistence. While changes in sensitivity to dormancy-breaking treatments have previously been reported as seeds age, our study provides the first test of changes to temperature thresholds, which increases the range of germination response from the seed bank under varying fire severity.

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Mira, Sara, Luciana Veiga-Barbosa e Félix Pérez-García. "Seed dormancy and longevity variability of Hirschfeldia incana L. during storage". Seed Science Research 29, n. 2 (9 maggio 2019): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258519000072.

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AbstractWe studied the variability of germination, dormancy and viability loss of Hirschfeldia incana seeds in relation to seed size. Seeds were stored at 35°C under humid [75% relative humidity (RH)] or dry (33% RH) conditions. Seed germination and electrolyte leakage were evaluated periodically. Small seeds had lower longevity at humid or dry storage conditions (5 or 407 days, respectively) than large or intermediate seeds (7–9 or 536–727 days, respectively). Moreover, H. incana shows variability in seed dormancy related to seed size within a population, with small seeds having lower dormancy (13%) than intermediate (50%) or large seeds (72%). Dormancy was partially released after a short storage at 35°C and humid conditions. Under dry storage conditions, endogenous dormancy cycles were observed for over a year, and longer times of storage had a dormancy-breaking effect through dry after-ripening. Results suggest a dual strategy producing non-dormant seeds with low longevity that will germinate immediately after dispersal, and seeds with greater longevity that will delay germination. Membrane permeability increased linearly with ageing at both humid and dry storage (R2 = 0.60). Small seeds showed greater conductivity than intermediate or large seeds (0.7, 0.4 or 0.3 mS g–1 dry weight, respectively, at the 80% germination). The conductivity test could be used to evaluate the quality of H. incana seeds and would allow us to identify dormant (non-germinating) seed lots as viable. However, the influence of storage conditions and variability within a seed population on seed longevity should be taken into account when evaluating seed quality.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Xia, Qiong. "Molecular aspects of temperature regulation of sunflower seed dormancy". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066629/document.

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La graine est le produit de la reproduction sexuée chez les Angiospermes. Elle assure la survie et la dispersion de l'espèce. La germination des graines est la première étape de la croissance des plantes. La transition entre l'état de dormance des graines et leur germination est une étape clef dans le cycle de vie des plantes qui a des conséquences écologique et commerciale. Depuis plusieurs décennies, de nombreux facteurs de l'environnement ont été étudiés pour leurs implications et leurs conséquences dans le processus de dormance et de germination des graines. Les études sur la réponse des semences aux changements de température en liens avec le réchauffement climatique ont un intérêt primordial. Le but de ce travail a été d'étudier la régulation de la dormance et de la germination des graines de tournesol par la température. Une analyse protéomique et un profilage enzymatique ont été réalisés afin de mieux comprendre la régulation du métabolisme pendant la levée de dormance par la température. L'utilisation d'approches moléculaires et cytologiques, nous ont permis d'appréhender l'interaction entre la température et les phytohormones impliquées dans ce processus. Nos résultats ont révélé le rôle joué par la température comme facteur externe affectant la dormance et la germination des graines en agissant d'une part sur le métabolisme et d'autre part sur la quantité et la localisation cellulaire des principales hormones endogènes
A seed is the product of sexual reproduction and the means by which the new individual is dispersed by angiosperms. Seed germination being the first step of plant establishment, the ultimate role of the transition between seed dormancy and germination during plant lifecycle is an important ecological and commercial trait. Last several decades, several environment factors have been reviewed to strongly effect the process of seed dormancy and germination. However, studies about seed response to temperature change are acute with the global warming. The aim of this work was to investigate temperature regulation of dormancy and germination in sunflower seeds. Proteomic analysis and enzyme profiling have been used to study metabolism regulation during seed dormancy release by temperature. Moreover, using molecular and cytological approaches, we investigate the interaction between temperature and phytohormones involved in this process. Our results revealed that temperature as an external factor to effect seed dormancy and germination by affecting, in one hand, the metabolism, and in the other hand the level and localization of major endogenous hormones

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Tavakkol, Afshari Reza. "Variation in seed dormancy of tetraploid wheat". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ37916.pdf.

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Dzomeku, Israel K. "Modelling seed dormancy, germination and emergence of Striga hermonthica". Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252261.

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Stutchbury, P. A. "The regulation of seed dormancy in the genus Acer". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379534.

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Barros, Galvão Thiago. "Regulation of seed dormancy and germination in Arabidopsis thaliana". Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15593/.

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Seed germination is one of the most important developmental steps in the life cycle of a higher plant. Because of this, seed producing plants have evolved mechanisms, such as dormancy, that time germination based on environmental cues. The present study uses Arabidopsis thaliana as a model to address questions about seed dormancy and germination. Three different lines of investigation were followed. The first involved an investigation of how light quality regulates phytohormones in order to control germination. This identified a light-dependent mechanism that differentially regulates expression of the ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE and OXOPHYTODIENOATE-REDUCTASE 3 genes resulting in accumulation of cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA) and repression of seed germination under FR conditions. The second line of investigation involved a re- examination of the role of the ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE (ABI) 5 and ABI4 transcription factors in regulating seed germination and oil mobilization respectively. The study found that abscisic acid (ABA) is able to block testa rupture in nicked seeds and this involves the ABI5, but not the ABI4, transcription factor. Furthermore, it was found that ABI4 is involved in the repression of ABA and cis-OPDA biosynthesis in a light- dependent manner, but has only a minor role in regulating oil mobilization in seeds. The third line of investigation focused on the regulation of dormancy during after-ripening and found that changes in phytohormone levels over an extended period can account for changes in dormancy state.

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Jayasuriya, Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan. "COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES)". UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/639.

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The biology of seed dormancy and germination of 46 species representing 11 of the 12 tribes in Convolvulaceae were compared in laboratory (mostly), field and greenhouse experiments. Seeds were tested for kind of dormancy and storage behavior; artificial or simulated natural treatments were applied to break physical dormancy (PY); the initial route of water entry (“water gap”) into seeds was identified; the morphoanatomy of the water gap was compared in seeds of 17 species; ontogenetical differences between water gap and seed coat away from the hilum were described in Ipomoea lacunosa seeds; cycling of sensitivity to dormancy break was elucidated in seeds of I. lacunosa, I. hederacea, Cuscuta australis and Jaquemontia ovalifolia; and mechanism of opening of the water gap was determined for seeds of I. lacunosa and of I hederacea. Seeds of only three of the 46 species were nondormant. Two of these were recalcitrant (Maripa panamensis and Erycibe henryi), and the other one was orthodox (Bonamia menziesii). Seeds of the other 43 species were orthodox and had PY except those of Cuscuta europea, which also had physiological dormancy (PD) i.e. combinational dormancy (PY + PD). Two bulges adjacent to the micropyle were identified as the water gap in all seeds with PY except those of Cuscuta, in which the hilar fissure is the water gap. Anatomy of the bulges (water gap) adjacent to the micropyle differs from that of seed coat away from the bulges. A different sequence and phase of anticlinal and periclinal cell divisions during development created weak transitional zones between bulge - hilum and bulge - seed coat away from hilum. Water vapor pressure changes below the bulges caused formation of the opening(s) in water gap. Seeds of I. lacunosa I. hederacea, C. australis and J. ovalifolia cycle between sensitive and insensitive states to dormancy break, but not between PY and nondormancy. Seed dormancy and storage characteristics and anatomy and morphology of dormancy of seeds of Convolvulaceae closely follow the molecular phylogeny of the family. I suggest that PY in seeds of subfamily Convolvuloideae evolved from nondormant recalcitrant seeds of an ancestor closely related to Erycibeae.

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Soltani, Ali. "Improvement of seed germination of Fagus orientalis Lipsky /". Umeå : Dept. of Silviculture, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s275.pdf.

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Holmberg, Kyle B. "SELECTION FOR REDUCED SEED DORMANCY IN SEVEN NATIVE GRASS SPECIES". MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11052007-220827/.

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Lowland switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans), upland switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium), beaked panicum (Panicum capillare), and purpletop (Tridens flavus) all show strong signs of seed dormancy which contributes to extremely poor field establishment. The objective of this work was to reduce seed dormancy by selecting individuals that exhibited reduced pre-stratification dormancy in laboratory tests. The classical breeding method of phenotypic recurrent selection was used to enhance germination. Of the three tall-stature species, lowland switchgrass made the greatest improvement in pre-stratification germination, followed by indiangrass and big bluestem. The four short stature species have shown various results after one cycle of selection at Starkville. A field emergence trial was also conducted to evaluate three cycles of breeding seed with five commercially available cultivars in which Cycle 3 seed produced more plants per hectare than any of the other cultivars or germplasm.

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Vasquez, Castillo Wilson Arturo. "Seed production, dormancy and commercialisation of Solanum phureja in Ecuador". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415897.

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Wood, Laura Anne. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ETHYLENE AND SEED DORMANCY RELEASE IN ECHINACEA SPECIES". UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/465.

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Inconsistent seed germination poses a problem for efficient seedling production of Echinacea species. Evidence suggests that ethylene can be effective for improving germination in Echinacea species. The objectives of this research were: to develop an ethylene pre-germination treatment that enhances germination in Echinacea species that is retained following drying and storage, and to determine if the ethylene effect on enhanced germination was an important mode of action for dormancy release. Four species of Echinacea (E. purpurea, E. tennesseensis, E. angustifolia and E. simulata) treated with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) or ethephon resulted in faster and generally higher germination. Pre-treatment of seeds with ACC or ethephon followed by drying was as effective as chilling stratification for enhancing germination depending on the species. While ethylene pretreatments did increase germination to some extent depending on species, it was concluded that 60-day stratification alone was a more commercially-viable treatment. Ethylene production or perception was not necessary for germination in untreated or stratified seeds as shown by aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), silver thiosulfate (STS), and 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP) treatments. Both stratification and ACC treatment reduced Echinacea seed sensitivity to ABA and could be a common mechanism for enhanced germination. However, it does not appear that the increased germination seen after stratification was mediated through ethylene production because final germination percentages were generally unchanged following inhibition of ethylene production or action. In contrast, inhibition of ethylene production and perception reduced early 3-day germination suggesting that ethylene was more involved in seed vigor than final germination. It was determined that there is no physiological significance of ethylene for dormancy release in these Echinacea species.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Kermode, Allison R., a cura di. Seed Dormancy. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed dormancy and germination. London: Blackie Academic & Professional, 1988.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed dormancy and germination. Glasgow: Blackie, 1988.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed Dormancy and Germination. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7747-4.

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Bradbeer, J. W. Seed Dormancy and Germination. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6574-7.

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Seed dormancy and germination. Glasgow: Blackie, 1988.

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Seed dormancy in grasses. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

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Seed dormancy: Methods and protocols. New York: Humana Press, 2011.

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J, Bradford K., e Nonogaki Hiroyuki, a cura di. Seed development, dormancy and germination. Oxford: Blackwell Pub., 2007.

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Bradford, Kent J., e Hiroyuki Nonogaki, a cura di. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470988848.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Fenner, Michael. "Dormancy". In Seed Ecology, 72–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4844-0_5.

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Bassel, George W., Michael J. Holdsworth e Nicholas J. Provart. "Seed Bioinformatics". In Seed Dormancy, 403–19. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1_23.

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Copeland, Larry O., e Miller B. McDonald. "Seed Dormancy". In Principles of Seed Science and Technology, 127–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1783-2_6.

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Copeland, Lawrence O., e Miller B. McDonald. "Seed Dormancy". In Principles of Seed Science and Technology, 140–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1619-4_7.

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Lack, Andrew, e David Evans. "Seed dormancy". In Plant Biology, 135–37. 2^a ed. London: Taylor & Francis, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203002902-42.

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Siraree, Archana, e Varucha Misra. "Seed Dormancy". In Advances in Seed Production and Management, 283–306. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4198-8_13.

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Stoehr, Michael U., e Yousry A. El-Kassaby. "Challenges Facing the Forest Industry in Relation to Seed Dormancy and Seed Quality". In Seed Dormancy, 3–15. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1_1.

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Piskurewicz, Urszula, e Luis Lopez-Molina. "Isolation of Genetic Material from Arabidopsis Seeds". In Seed Dormancy, 151–64. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1_10.

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Bentsink, Leónie, e Maarten Koornneef. "Identification and Characterization of Quantitative Trait Loci that Control seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis". In Seed Dormancy, 165–84. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1_11.

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Zhao, Tiehan, Ying Zeng e Allison R. Kermode. "Identification of Seed Dormancy Mutants by Activation Tagging". In Seed Dormancy, 185–98. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-231-1_12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Owen, Micheal D. K. "Weed Seed Dormancy and Germination". In Proceedings of the First Annual Crop Production and Protection Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-360.

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Sinkevich, I. A., N. V. Obrucheva e S. V. Lityagina. "Н+-ATPase is a key enzyme of dormancy and seed germination". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-402.

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Saulić, Markola, Ivica Đalović, Dragana Božić e Sava Vrbničanin. "PROCENA AKTIVNE REZERVE SEMENA KOROVSKIH BILJAKA U ZEMLJIŠTU". In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.093s.

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Knowledge and understanding of the size and composition of soil weed seed reserves can help in planning a successful and timely weed control strategy and assessing the dynamics of weed emergence. It is very important to have an insight into what percentage of the latent plant community will pass into the active community. The seedling emregence method gives the number and structure of seeds that have passed the dormancy phase. It was determined that in the monoculture of soybean 24.9% of seeds are ready to germinate out of the total estimated weed seed bank, while in the three-field crop rotation 23.61% of seed. The largest number of germinated seeds comes from the weed species Chenopodium albumand Chenopodium hybridum.

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Elazazi, Elsayed Mohamed. "Effective Methods to Improvement Capparis Spinosa L. (Caper) Seeds Germination by Breaking Seed Dormancy in Qatar Gene Bank". In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.eepp2483.

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Ona, Toshihiro, e Junko Johzuka. "Rapid and synchronized dormancy-broken Kyoho grape seed endosperm without extraction or concentration shows significant effect on both anti-cancer and pro-immunity". In 6th International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc2020-07249.

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Obroucheva, N. V., I. A. Sinkevich e S. V. Lityagina. "DEEP DORMANCY RELEASE IN HORSE CHESTNUT SEEDS AND ACTIVATION OF PLASMALEMMA H+-ATPASE". In The All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental". SIPPB SB RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31255/978-5-94797-319-8-575-579.

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Maya, Anka, e Seregina Inga Ivanovna. "Peroxidase isoform activity in spring wheat grain under the influence of growth regulators". In III All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation "Science, technology, society: Environmental engineering for sustainable development of territories". Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/nto.3.2022.6.318-324.

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In laboratory experiments, the effect of various growth biological preparations on the activity of peroxidase isoforms in dormant seeds and during their germination was studied. In the experiment, at pH = 5.5, 7.0, 8.0, the activity of enzyme isoforms was determined using a phosphate-buffer system (1/15 M). The activity of isoforms of the peroxidase enzyme (by a method based on tyrosine peroxidation) was determined on dormant wheat grains (after ripening after harvesting) and germinated on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of germination. According to the research results, different effects of the biological preparations used (protective-stimulating complex, Hardy, Ferovit and Ferovit + Hardy mixtures) on the activity of peroxidase isoforms in spring wheat grain were noted, which depended on the preparative form of their active substance.

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Conrad, Brett, Weixing Chen, Reg Eadie, Richard Kania, Greg Van Boven e Robert Worthingham. "Developing a Predictive Model of Near Neutral pH Stress Corrosion Cracking of Underground Pipelines". In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90629.

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Near neutral pH Stress Corrosion Cracking (NNpHSCC) associated with external corrosion of pipelines is an issue facing industry today. Determining areas of NNpHSCC susceptibility is crucial to developing Integrity Management Programs and inspection dig schedules. This research involved collecting pertinent field data (inspection dig reports, failure reports, loading histories) and developing a predictive model to help identify areas and lines most susceptible to NNpHSCC. The predictive model focused on the loading history (in this case, SCADA data) patterns to classify different groups of loading conditions. Hydrogen has been identified and established in previous literature to be a major contributor to NNpHSCC. Different Hydrogen Enhancement Factors (HEF) were applied based on how the mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement react to the respective loading conditions. The predictive model illustrated a dormancy behaviour, similar to the one seen in field conditions and a mechanically activated growth dependent on both hydrogen and previous loading scenarios. A correlation was shown between a limited field sampling and the predicted values. Further improvements and calibrations can be made with the gathering of more field data and continued experimental validation. Once this validation has been performed, this model has the possibility to illustrate what loading conditions increase a segments susceptibility to NNpHSCC.

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Nickie, A. W. "Trinidad and Tobago: Diving into the Deep but at What Cost?" In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169993-ms.

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Abstract Deep-water has long been proclaimed as the hydrocarbon frontier with huge potential of resources. The offshore basins of West Africa, Gulf of Mexico and Brazil are particularly known for deep-water campaigns. Trinidad and Tobago is no stranger to deep-water activity having drilled eight deep water wells in the last decade. After a period of dormancy, it may soon rejoin its global counterparts as it prepares to dive into the deep yet again. In 2011 and 2012, two deep water bid rounds were held and ten companies/consortia dared to venture into the deep but only three won the opportunity. Eleven thousand, six hundred and fifty seven square kilometres (11, 657 km2) was awarded out of a total acreage of twelve thousand, eight hundred and six square kilometres (12, 806 km2) for the past two bid rounds. With such potential activity, Trinidad and Tobago's commercial success in the deep may seem to be imminent but this is far from certain as exploration and development costs are substantially higher than those in our shallower areas. While commercial success is dependent on government share, hydrocarbon volumes and project costs, this paper focuses only on the latter. This paper compares and analyses Trinidad and Tobago's proposed Deep-water development project costs with other global deep-water field development costs, by investigating scenarios in terms of estimated development capital and operational expenditure and associated volumes. Capex and Opex of USD 12-14 Bn was required for developments between 500-750 mmbbl and the average global sample estimated for this volume range was USD 13 Bn. The paper concludes that Trinidad and Tobago's proposed project costs are indeed in line with other global developments. Undoubtedly, deep water exploration and development demands huge investments. Trinidad and Tobago's deep-water venture will soon commence and understanding these proposed costs would shed some light on its position in the deep and help prepare for what lies ahead.

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Chen, Weixing, Jiaxi Zhao, Karina Chevil, Erwin Gamboa e Bersi Alvarado. "Threshold Geometrical Dimensions of Stage II Cracks Versus Required Resolution of Crack-Detection Techniques". In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78751.

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Environmental-assisted cracks in pipeline steels usually undergo the following three sequential stages prior to the failure: • Stage 1 – crack initiation and early stage crack growth, in which cracks initiate at imperfections but grow slowly depth-wise with time. Crack length may be seen to increase either because of merging with new small cracks in the vicinity of an existing crack or faster crack growth at the crack tip. Some cracks pose little threat to pipeline steel integrity if they remain dormant. • Stage 2 – Increased crack growth rate where crack growth can be dictated by mechanical driving forces and crack growth rate increases with time. • Stage 3 – The final stage of crack growth where crack growth rate is very high. Typical crack management programs mitigate cracks prior to entering Stage III. It is of great importance that pipeline steels with Stage II cracks are detected, monitored, and managed to ensure operational pipeline integrity. Although a range of crack in-line inspection and detection techniques with varied detection limits are available, it is not clear how their detection limits match the threshold geometrical dimensions of Stage 2-cracks. This investigation is aimed to define critical geometrical dimensions of cracks that are considered to be Stage 2 cracks. The determination of critical geometrical dimensions of Stage 2 cracks was made with a consideration of a wide range of situations including pipeline operating conditions, susceptible environments for crack growth, metallurgical, fabrication and construction conditions of pipeline steels. A comparison of the threshold geometrical dimensions of Stage 2 cracks with the crack detection limits of modern crack inspection and detection techniques are made at the end of the paper.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Seed dormancy"

Bano, Masooda. Curricula that Respond to Local Needs: Analysing Community Support for Islamic and Quranic Schools in Northern Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), agosto 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/103.

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Involving local communities in school management is seen to be crucial to improving the quality of education in state schools in developing countries; yet school-based management committees remain dormant in most such contexts. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with a rich network of community-supported Islamic and Quranic schools in the state of Kano in northern Nigeria—a sub-Saharan African region with very low education indicators, low economic growth, and political and social instability—this paper shows how making school curricula responsive to local value systems and economic opportunities is key to building a strong sense of community ownership of schools. Under community-based school management committees, control over more substantive educational issues—such as the content of school curricula and the nature of aspirations and concepts of a good life that it promotes among the students—remains firmly in the hands of the government education authorities, who on occasion also draw on examples from other countries and expertise offered by international development agencies when considering what should be covered. The paper shows that, as in the case of the urban areas, rural communities or those in less-developed urban centres lose trust in state schools when the low quality of education provided results in a failure to secure formal-sector employment. But the problem is compounded in these communities, because while state schools fail to deliver on the promise of formal-sector employment, the curriculum does promote a concept of a good life that is strongly associated with formal-sector employment and urban living, which remains out of reach for most; it also promotes liberal values, which in the local communities' perception are associated with Western societies and challenge traditional values and authority structures. The outcomes of such state schooling, in the experience of rural communities, are frustrated young people, unhappy with the prospect of taking up traditional jobs, and disrespectful of parents and of traditional authority structures. The case of community support for Islamic and Quranic schools in northern Nigeria thus highlights the need to consider the production of localised curricula and to adjust concepts of a good life to local contexts and economic opportunities, as opposed to adopting a standardised national curriculum which promotes aspirations that are out of reach.

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