Tesi sul tema "Second chanes"
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1
Cleary, Naomi. "Second chances". The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1327350409.
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2
Chong, Janice Ellen. "Changes in second language and cognition through the lifespan". University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0102.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Those who work with older people frequently report that people who have learned a second language appear to lose facility in that language as they age. This phenomenon has also been observed by the friends and relatives of those older persons who have learned more than one language. However, there is very little research investigating changes in second (or other) languages across the lifespan. In contrast, extensive research exploring first language change in ageing has provided ample evidence of patterns of change in first language abilities across the lifespan. There is also much research linking these patterns to age-related cognitive change. The question addressed in the first study of this project was whether patterns of age-related change in second language abilities are similar to patterns of change in first language abilities. The performance of English first language and English second language (Chinese first language) participants aged 20 to 79 was compared on four language ability tasks. Information relating to language background, language use, and education was also collected. In general, the patterns of first and second language change across the lifespan were similar with facility in one ability, verbal fluency, decreasing with increased age. Background variables were also found to affect second language ability within the English second language group. The second study investigated whether those processes associated with age-related cognitive decline, and therefore age-related changes in first language, also influence changes in second language verbal fluency in ageing. English second language (Chinese first language) participants aged 20 to 79 performed a number of tasks designed to measure the cognitive constructs of speed of processing, inhibitory efficiency, and working memory capacity. The effect of age on verbal fluency in second language was mediated by speed of processing. There was no evidence of reduced inhibitory efficiency with increased age. Scores from the working memory capacity tasks could not be analysed due to the involuntary and unexpected intrusion of their Chinese language for some bilingual participants. The results were interpreted in terms of fluid and crystallised intelligence, and also the differences in bilingual compared to monolingual language processing. Implications for testing and assessment of individuals in their non-native language are discussed, and both the limitations of the research and also possible future research directions are identified.
3
Bedan, John. "No Second Chances: US-Guatemalan Relations in the 1960s". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13443.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines US-Guatemalan relations during the first half of the 1960s. At a critical juncture in Guatemalan history, a relatively inexperienced US ambassador, John Bell, subverted democratic systems in Guatemala and helped install a military dictatorship that ruled the country for more than three decades. Ambassador Bell's policies undermined the Kennedy administration's idealistic modernization drive for the region, the Alliance for Progress, and contributed to one of the longest civil wars in the Western Hemisphere.
4
Wiehe, Rebecca L. "Second career teachers' perceptions of their profession". [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1258121456.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Apr. 28, 2010). Advisor: Alicia Crowe. Keywords:second career teachers; perceptions of profession. Includes bibliographical references (p. 180-191).
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Gowdy, Eileen Frances. "Teaching as a second career choice : a study of industrial education students". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27663.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study explored the career change made by a population of 37 tradesmen enrolled in a teacher education program. A semi-structured interview schedule was constructed and face-to-face interviews were tape-recorded.
The four areas of investigation included positive propositions put forward in the social learning principles of career decision making, facilitators and barriers to career change, the career histories and expectations of participants and their socio-demographic backgrounds.
Responses tended to support propositions dealing with former instructional experiences and interactions with people, but gave little indication, that exposure to print or visual media had influenced the career change decision. The importance of having sufficient finances and personal support of participants' wives was stressed. Potential barriers most readily identified were lack of support or finances. There was little evidence of frequent career change in the work histories of participants. The most common pattern was a series of short term jobs followed by several years in one career path. Future career plans indicated an intent to remain in the teaching field. All the men were employed prior to entering the program. Socio-demographic information indicated that just over half of the participants were around 30 years of age and over two-thirds were married. Wives tended to be not only more highly educated (64%) but in higher status occupations (76%) than their husbands. Over 80% of the men had entered tertiary education prior to current involvement and five men had completed bachelor's degrees. By entering a trade, 57% of participants were in lower status jobs than their fathers. Their entry into teaching resulted in a rebound movement rather than direct upward inter-generational mobility.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
6
Lee, William Darrell. "Non-traditional entrants to the teaching profession a hermeneutic phenomenological study of the motivations, experiences, and reflections of second-career teachers /". Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2010. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Gerstman, Regina Lee. "Multiple career identities : the key to career development and career transitions of second advanced degree seekers /". Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Maiden, Kristin M. "Second chances an examination of juvenile offenders' experiences with a restorative justice program /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 217 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1833621251&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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McConalogue, Thomas. "The function, roles and development of middle managers in companies pursuing second order changes". Thesis, University of Bath, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280885.
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Gresham, Jennifer L. "The Transition Experience of Second Career Respiratory Faculty: a Phenomenological Study". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500217/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This phenomenological study investigated the transition experiences of clinical respiratory therapists who pursued second careers as respiratory faculty. Situated Learning Theory and Workplace Learning Theory were the frameworks for interviews with 11 second career respiratory faculty who had taught fewer than five years in baccalaureate degree programs. The goal of this study was to identify the major themes of their experiences. Thematic analysis revealed five common experiences: under-preparation, challenges, overwhelmed feelings, personal responsibilities, and rewards. The common theoretical framework for all participants was the critical need to understand their communities of practice within their organizations. From this study, respiratory department chairs and administrators may better understand the challenges and needs of clinical therapists as they transition into faculty positions. Positive experiences such as improved orientations and continued effective faculty support may promote a more rewarding and long-term practice.
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Connelly, James Timothy. "Ordained ministry as a second career : a study of attitudes and practices within the Anglican Church in Victoria and Tasmania". Monash University, Faculty of Arts, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5325.
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Nilsson, Fredrik, e Hjalmar Steinvall. "En Andra Chans : Studievägledning på en 'second chance'- utbildning och dess påverkan på deltagarnas självförmåga". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad utbildningsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160963.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Denna studie har undersökt skolformen “second chance” school. Studien utgick från en specifik verksamhet i Norrland som kallas “Unga till arbete eller studier”, eller UTAS. Syftet med undersökningen var att ta reda på vad som krävs av en studie- och yrkesvägledare som väljer att jobba inom en sådan verksamhet. Studien undersökte även hur denna typ av verksamhet påverkar deltagarnas självförmåga, och vilka möjligheter och svårigheter som kan finnas i denna typ av verksamhet. Arbetet baseras på tidigare forskning om social cognitive career theory, tidigare forskningsrapporter gjorda om second chance school verksamheter och gruppvägledningsmetoden WATCH som står för ”What Alternatives? Thinking Coping Hoping”. En kvalitativ metod användes, och semi-strukturerade intervjuer gjordes med fyra anställda på verksamheten UTAS: två studie och yrkesvägledare, en specialpedagog och verksamhetens samordnare. Resultatet av studien beskriver vilka kunskaper som krävs av en studie- och yrkesvägledare som vill arbeta inom denna typ av verksamhet, bland annat en mer finkänslig förmåga att anpassa sig till sin klient. Resultaten visade även att second chance school verksamhet har en positiv inverkan på deltagarnas självförmåga, och ger deltagarna det stöd och den stabilitet de kan behöva. Slutligen visade även resultaten tydliga tecken på att orsaken till att denna typ av utbildning behövs, är samhälleliga problem som ligger utanför skolväsendet.
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Assaad, Elizabeth A. "Early Second-career Faculty: a Phenomenological Study of Their Transition Into a New Profession". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804875/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this phenomenological study I investigated the experiences of early second-career, tenure-track faculty members who entered academe after working in a position outside of higher education for at least five years. The purpose of this study was to learn about experiences and factors that contributed or impeded to the success of second-career faculty members. Eight early second-career faculty members, from a four-year university located in the Dallas Metroplex area, were interviewed. Participants demographics were ages 34 to 68 with the average age being 45; 50% male and 50% female; and one African American, six Caucasian, and one Hispanic and/or Latino. Participants’ previous professional experience was a benefit in teaching and relating to students, in understanding the complex university bureaucracy, and in setting goals. The participants reported that mentoring, whether formally assigned by the institution or through informal means such as departmental colleagues or professional organizations, was a benefit to all of the participants. A primary area of concern for the participants was collaboration and collegiality with other faculty members. Participants stated that traditional faculty members lack the skills and training to collaborate effectively in researching and in joint teaching endeavors. Participants reported that they had to monitor and restrain their opinions during interactions with departmental colleagues during the probationary period leading up to tenure decisions because the participants fear retaliation by co-faculty members who will vote on whether to grant them tenure. These participants bring a wealth of industry experience and knowledge to the university. Administrators, departmental chairs, and future early second-career faculty members will find that this research provides recommendations that, if heeded, will ensure a long and productive mutually beneficial affiliation.
14
Li, Benjamin K. W. "Changes in thinking and pedagogical content knowledge in learning to teach English as a second language". Thesis, Durham University, 2000. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4633/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose This study examines how student teachers for whom English is a second language develop their professional knowledge in learning to teach ESL. The focus of the research is on their change in thinking and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) during teacher education. PCK, as defined here, includes the following four domains: Knowledge of the subject content, knowledge of lesson planning, knowledge of instructional strategies and knowledge of the teaching context. The study also seeks to find out how student teachers' pre-training beliefs and conceptions affect their attitudes towards professional preparation, and to identify the factors which influence their professional development. Procedures The subjects were eight student teachers taking English language teaching as one of their two major elective subjects in the full-time Certificate in Education (Secondary) Course in the Hong Kong Institute of Education. The full period of data collection covered two years - the length of the CE Course during 1996-1998. The methods of data collection included a blend of qualitative techniques: semi-structured interviews, journals, classroom observations, pre-observation interviews, stimulated recall procedures, and field documents such as lesson plans. All together, five sets of data were collected at different stages of the CE Course to plot the changes in the eight student teachers' thinking and PCK. In analysing the data, constant comparisons, coding and conceptual analysis of data were made as the aim of the research is to develop into a grounded theory (Glazer and Strauss, 1967) on the cognitive change of ESL student teachers during training. Major Findings In general, the student teachers' thinking, knowledge and practices did change during the course, and sometimes critically. The findings support the contention that student teachers' instructional actions are closely related to their conceptions of teaching. This study also suggests that, given appropriate contextual conditions, the student teachers who considered themselves linguistically deficient and whose knowledge on entry to the course was far from subject specific could be engaged in pedagogical thinking and learn ideas they did not bring to the teacher education programme. The study further suggests that the development of the student teachers’ thinking and PCK appeared to be integral to their professional development. While such development is influenced by various factors, some are more effective than others in preparing them to be fully-fledged classroom teachers. Seeing it as an initial study along this line of inquiry in Hong Kong, the findings have added to the literature as to how and why the thinking and pedagogical content knowledge of student teachers change during training, and have provided clues to explain discrepancies in teacher behaviour between teacher education and teaching years, from which implications were drawn for teacher education curriculum. Although these findings show possible patterns of ESL student teachers’ development during teacher education, they do not imply any linearity in the nature of the trend. However, they contribute to the ongoing endeavour to construction of a theory of student teachers' development.
15
Valencia, Louise Jeanine. "Are nursery rhymes/chants helpful in pre-reading skills for kindergarteners and English as a second language students?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2428.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This project will focus on a different method to teach pre-reading skills to kindergarten students and to ESL students. The strategy of using nursery rhymes as a tool for teaching pre-reading skills to kindergarteners and second language learners is an avenue to explore while addressing the different challenges facing a teacher. As an educator, we know that children learn through different modalities including auditory, kinesthetic and tactile.
16
Julyan, Johan Christian. "Soft tissue profile changes in patients treated with non-extraction versus second premolar extraction protocols - using the Damon system". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6374.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) (Orthodontics)Orthodontic treatment has the ability to improve the aesthetics and the function of patients. In order to create space, orthodontic treatment often requires removal of teeth. The most common teeth removed for orthodontic treatment are the premolars. It has become popular to remove second premolars in certain cases where the soft tissue profile should not be altered. The Damon self-ligating orthodontic system is renowned for not requiring dental extractions in the majority of cases. The effect of extractions on the soft tissue profile of patients, in conjunction with using the Damon system, has therefore not been researched. It is important to understand the effect that orthodontic treatment and extractions can have on the soft tissue profile of patients. This effect can accurately be determined by making use of the soft tissue cephalometric analysis, developed by Dr Reed A. Holdaway in 1983.
17
Bertelson, Rachel Samantha. "Symptom Changes in Children and Adolescents With Internalizing Conditions During Treatment". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4040.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Mental health conditions, such as internalizing disorders, in children and adolescents have been attributed to higher than expected levels of high school dropouts, juvenile crimes, and suicide. Previous research studies provide limited information on factors influencing treatment success for children and adolescents diagnosed with internalizing disorders. This study utilized a nonequivalent comparison group design gathered from an archived data set from a sample of children and adolescents (N = 215) who participated in an intensive outpatient managed mental health care treatment program. Self-report data were retrieved from previous responses to the Children's Depression Inventory and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale - Second Edition to explore factors related to treatment effectiveness for children and adolescents with internalizing symptoms. Data were analyzed using a mixed model repeated measures ANOVA to analyze main effects and interactions. This analysis identified if gender, ethnicity, age group, and treatment duration were risk factors related to symptom amelioration or deterioration for children and adolescents diagnosed with internalizing disorders across time. Females with internalizing disorders reported significantly higher levels of depression symptom change than males with internalizing disorders. All other results did not show any statistically significant relationships. Results suggest that therapists should consider gender-related factors when providing treatment to children and adolescents with internalizing disorders. Active clinical research epitomizes the belief of social change by putting research to practice and utilizing available tools to predict predictive risk in the treatment of children and adolescents.
18
Lu, Zijun. "Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of Phase Changes in Soft Condensed Matter". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case15620007885239.
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Schnedecker, Catherine. "Référence et discours : chaînes de référence et redénomination (essai sur l'emploi en seconde mention du nom propre)". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR20040.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Par opposition aux définitions actuelles des chaînes de référence, entendues comme "suite d'expressions coréférentielles d'un texte", la notion de chaîne sera definie sur la base de critères numérique (un minimun de trois maillons) et lexical. En effet, la substance des chaînes est typiquement à forte composante pronominale, le pronom étant considéré comme la forme non marquée de la reprise. Par contraste, les sn pleins symptomatisent un "incident de parcours référentiel". Dans ce cadre il faut distinguer le phénomène de la "repetition", i. E. Le cas ou le référent est redénomme par l'expression qui l'a introduit dans le texte. En effet, la redenomination présente un point d'ancrage stable, facilitant cognitivement le processus d'appariement, et nécessaire (le référent a pu être désactivé, faute d'avoir été re-instancie durant un intervalle donne, ou à cause d'un réfèrent concurrent, ou des risques d'ambiguité). De fait, la redénomination se présente comme une "borne" tout indiquée pour les chaînes : elle instruit l'interprétant qu'il peut faire abstraction des prédications antérieures concernant le référent et qu'il va devoir pouvoir le re-saisir dans un contexte situationnel nouveau. Bref, elle signale qu'une nouvelle chaîne va re-démarrer. L'analyse de la distribution du non propre (exemple type des expressions littéralement répétables) dans des situations multi-et monoreferentielles, et aux niveaux "macro-structurel", intra et interphrastique va confirmer cette hypothèse. Ainsi délimitees par la redénomination, les chaînes apparaissent comme un nouveau type d'unité textuelle, homogène et apte à "configurer" le texteAs opposed to the current difinitions of referntial chains meant as "series of the coreferntial terms of a text", the concept of chain will be defined on the basis of numerial (with a minimum of three links) and lexical criteria. In fact, typically, referential chains are mainly composed of pronouns, the pronoun being considered as the unmarked anaphoric form. By way of contrasts the full nps indicate a "referential incident". This being so we must distinguish the phenomenon of "repetition" or more exactly the case when the refernt is redenominated by the term wich it was introduced in the text. In fact, redenomination presents a stable referential tie-point (it makes the cognitive process easier) and an indispensable one (the referent might have been "disactivated" because it has not been reinstantiated within a given interval or because it has been supplanted by a competitor or because ambiguity might be possible). As a matter of fact redenomination looks like the most suitable "landmark" for referential chains : it would tell the reader that the could leave ther former statements made about the referent out of account and that he would have to could re-acquire it in the context of a new situation. Redenomination marks the re-starting of a new referential chain. The analysis of the sequencing of the proper name in multi-as well in monoreferential saliency situations - and in the latter case on the macro-structural, same and across sentence levels confirms this
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Ashe, Jessica. "Innovation Implementation in an Intensive English Program: Policy Changes, Perceptions of Stakeholders, and Achievement Indicators". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523633726943884.
Testo completo
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Ene, D.-Vasilescu Elena. "Changes in the phenomenon of icon-painting in Romania from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present day". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:82dca74a-0124-402e-aac6-6ab33efaddfa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis aims to prove, on the one hand that the second half of the nineteenth century was the period of maximum deviation from the traditional Romanian style of icon-painting and, on the other hand, that the process following the Romanian Orthodox Church's Synod of 1889, in spite of the proclaimed return to a pure Byzantine style, actually has involved the coexistence of at least two main styles of painting: Eastern Mannerist of Byzantine lineage and Western Mannerist of Renaissance persuasion. In addition to this, a mixture of various elements, even in the painting of the same building, is also present, reaching sometimes the point of kitsch. As steps towards this end, my thesis discusses the way in which the tradition of the Orthodox Church regarding icon and wall-painting manifested itself throughout Romanian history, with special emphasis on the period from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present day. I investigate whether or not, and how the Romanian modern icons (still) fit into the Byzantine conception of an icon. The thesis presents the same tradition regarding the requirements of the profession of an iconographer, how they were fulfilled in the past and how they are satisfied today in Romania, in both a monastic and a secular milieu. Traditionally, in addition to their skills and artistic training, it is essential that iconographers should be deep believers, have a solid theological training, and live a very pure life. In Chapter 6 I present the answers of 27 Romanian contemporary iconographers to a 17 item questionnaire regarding the way in which they are trained and keep the canonical rules today, the techniques they use in painting and their own attitude towards their work.
22
Choy, Siew Chee. "An investigation into the changes in student perceptions of and attitudes towards learning English as a second language in a Malaysian college". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288712.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims to examinet he changesin students'p erceptionso f and attitudes towards learning English in a Malaysian college. Firstly, it aims to investigate how the attitudes of students towards learning English changes during the critical transition period from secondary school, where the medium of instruction is in Malay, to college, where the medium of instruction is English. Then, it examines students' perceptions of their English language classroom environment and teaching methodologies used, the relationship of students with their teachers in both secondary school and college. It also investigates their perceptions of the influence of home background on learning English. Finally, it considers the influence of teacher attitudes on students' attitudes towards learning English. The study focuses on 100 students enrolled in a first level English course during their first semester in Petra College (a pseudonym), and the lecturers teaching these students. Data for this study were collected by student's weekly journals and interviews with students and lecturers. Analysis of the data was done qualitatively using an interpretive approach. The aim of using this approach was to provide a view of the second language learning process that is focused on perceptions of the learners. The findings revealed that there was a difference in students' perceptions of and attitudes towards learning English in secondary school and in college. Students' attitudes towards learning English seemed more positive in college. The students perceived that the environment in college was more conducive for learning English, and they noticed difference between the strategies used by their secondary school teachers and college lecturers. The findings suggest that secondary school teachers used a more structured audio-lingual approach and were not empathetic towards their students' language needs. On the other hand, the lecturers in college used more cooperative and interactive approaches and were perceived to be more empathetic towards students' language needs. The home background of students seemed to considerably influence their perceptions and attitudes towards learning English as well. The implications from the study suggest that teaching methodologies, the classroom environment, the school social environment, and the family background could influence students' perceptions of and attitudes towards learning English.
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Simoneau, Aline. "Analyse de l'expression des chaînes du collagène de type IV au cours du développement de l'intestin humain identification d'un second réseau de collagène IV". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0014/MQ26617.pdf.
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Gerschutz, Andrew Daniel Peet R. K. "Changes in old-growth and second-growth eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis communities in the southern Appalachians after the introduction of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2779.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 10, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Biology." Discipline: Biology; Department/School: Biology.
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Dib, Jorge Adas. "Determinantes progn?sticos de pacientes portadores de insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na lista de espera para transplante card?aco". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2008. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/45.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-06No previous study has addressed the question of prognostic determinants for patients with Chagas? cardiomyopathy at the terminal stage listed for heart transplantation. Casuistic and Method: All patients listed for heart transplantation at our institution from August, 2000 to March, 2005 were considered for the study. Patients removed from the waiting list for clinical status improvement were excluded from the investigation. Patients were followed until death, cardiac transplantation or the end of the study period. Cardiac transplant recipients were censored at the time of transplantation. No patient was lost to follow up. A Cox regression hazards model was used to establish independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Variables previously demonstrated to predict mortality in either Chagas or non-Chagas? disease heart failure were entered the univariate analysis. Separate analyses were performed for Chagas and non-Chagas? disease patients. Results: Median follow up was 32 (15,121) days in Chagas disease and 79 (14,151) days in non-Chagas? disease patients. In Chagas disease patients, the hemodynamic instability (p=0.01; hazard ratio=0,077, 95% confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.58) as well as the transpulmonary gradient (p=0.02; hazard ratio=1.15, 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.30) were retained as independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Serum sodium levels (p=0.002; hazard ratio=0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.71 to 0.93) was independent predictor of all-cause mortality for non-Chagas? disease patients. Conclusion: The hemodynamic instability and transpulmonary gradient were independent predictors of all-cause mortality for Chagas? disease patients listed for heart transplantation. A larger, prospective cohort study is needed to validate our findings.
At? agora nenhum estudo preocupou-se em estabelecer determinantes progn?sticos para pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica terminal secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na fila de espera para transplante card?aco. Casu?stica e M?todo: Todos os pacientes alocados em fila de espera de transplante card?aco em nossa institui??o, de agosto de 2000 a mar?o de 2005, foram inicialmente considerados para o estudo. Os pacientes que foram removidos da lista de espera em virtude de melhora no estado cl?nico foram retirados do estudo. Os pacientes foram acompanhados at? a morte, transplante card?aco ou a data final estipulada para o estudo. Os pacientes receptores de transplante de cora??o foram retirados do estudo na data em que o ato operat?rio ocorreu. N?o se perdeu contato com os pacientes durante o acompanhamento cl?nico enquanto na fila de espera de transplante card?aco. O modelo de an?lise de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi utilizado para se estabelecer vari?veis de predi??o independentes de mortalidade geral. As vari?veis que eram capazes de predizer mortalidade geral em pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas ou a outras cardiomiopatias foram utilizadas no modelo univariado. An?lises univariadas foram feitas nos pacientes chag?sicos e n?o chag?sicos separadamente. Resultados: A mediana do tempo de acompanhamento cl?nico foi 32 (15, 121) dias nos pacientes chag?sicos e 79 (14, 151) dias nos pacientes n?o chag?sicos. Nos pacientes chag?sicos, a instabilidade hemodin?mica (p=0,01; raz?o de risco=0,077, intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 0,01 e 0,58) e o gradiente transpulmonar (p=0,02; raz?o de risco =1,15, intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 1,02 e 1,30) foram as vari?veis de predi??o independentes de mortalidade geral. Os n?veis s?ricos de s?dio (p=0,002; raz?o de risco =0,81; intervalo de confian?a de 95% entre 0,71 e 0,93) foi a vari?vel de predi??o independente para os pacientes n?o chag?sicos na fila de espera para transplante card?aco. Conclus?es: A instabilidade hemodin?mica e o gradiente transpulmonar foram preditores independentes de mortalidade geral em pacientes com insufici?ncia card?aca cr?nica secund?ria ? cardiomiopatia da doen?a de Chagas na lista de espera para transplante card?aco. Um estudo prospectivo de coorte longitudinal ? necess?rio para validar os resultados obtidos nesta investiga??o.
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Paškonytė, Jūratė. "Demografiniai pokyčiai Šiaurės Lietuvoje I tūkstantmečio antroje pusėje (pagal kapinynų medžiagą)". Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120619_134244-24641.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Lietuvos archeologiniuose tyrimuose iki pastarojo laiko didžiausias dėmesys buvo skiriamas materialinei ir dvasinei kultūrai. Paskutiniaisiais metais pradėta daugiau domėtis socialiniais ir demografiniais procesais, kuriuos geriausiai atspindi laidojimo paminklų duomenys. Tokius tyrimus apsunkina medžiagos fragmentiškumas, todėl tyrinėjamos temos chronologinės bei teritorinės ribos yra plačios.Until recently in Lithuanian archaeological researches the biggest attention was paid to the material and spiritual culture. In recent years, the interest is growing in social and demographic processes which are reflected by burial data. The researches are aggravated because of material fragmentation, consequently chronological and territorial margins of topic explored are wide. Not all cemeteries and data of them allow to draw conclusions.
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Nguyen, Nho Gia Hien. "The role of the microstructure in granular material instability". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI062/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les matériaux granulaires se composent de grains solides et d’un constituant remplissant les pores, tel qu'un fluide ou une matrice solide. Les grains interagissent au travers de répulsions élastiques, auxquelles s’ajoutent des mécanismes de friction, d’adhérence et d'autres forces surfaciques. La sollicitation externe conduit à la déformation des grains ainsi qu’à des réarrangements de particules. Les déformations des milieux granulaires sont d'une importance capitale dans de nombreuses applications industrielles et dans la recherche, comme par exemple dans la métallurgie des poutres ou en mécanique des sols. La réponse des matériaux granulaires sous chargement externe est complexe, en particulier lorsqu’une rupture se produit: le mode de rupture peut être diffus ou localisé, et l’aspect de peut varier drastiquement lorsque celui-ci ne peut plus soutenir la charge externe. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, une analyse numérique basée sur une méthode des éléments discrets est réalisée pour étudier les comportements macroscopique et microscopique des matériaux granulaires à la rupture. Ces simulations numériques prennent en compte le critère du travail du second ordre afin de prédire la rupture. De plus il est montré que l’annulation du travail du second ordre coïncide avec la transition d’un régime statique vers un régime dynamique. Ensuite, le comportement matériaux granulaires est analysé à l’échelle micro-structurelle. L’évolution des chaines des forces et des cycles des grains est étudiée durant le processus de déformation jusqu’à la rupture. Le travail du second ordre est également pris en compte pour examiner l'aspect local qui régit la rupture à l’échelle locale. L'effondrement de l'échantillon discret quand il passe du régime quasi-statique vers le régime dynamique est accompagné d'une bouffée d'énergie cinétique. Cette augmentation de l'énergie cinétique est générée lorsque la contrainte interne ne permet pas d'équilibrer la force externe sous l’action d’une petite perturbation, ce qui entraîne une différence entre les travaux du second ordre interne et externe du système. Les mésostructures démontrent une relation symbiotique entre elles, et leur évolution gouverne le comportement macroscopique du système discret. La distribution de l'effondrement des chaînes de forces est parfaitement corrélée avec l’annulation du travail du second ordre à l'échelle de particules. Les mésostructures jouent un rôle important dans l'instabilité des milieux granulaires. Le travail du second ordre peut être utilisé comme un critère pertinent et robuste pour détecter l'instabilité du système que ce soit à l'échelle macroscopique ou microscopique (échelle de particule)Granular materials consist of dense pack of solid grains and a pore-filling element such as a fluid or a solid matrix. The grains interact via elastic repulsion, friction, adhesion and other surface forces. External loading leads to grain deformations as well as cooperative particle rearrangements. The particle deformations are of particular importance in many industry applications and research subjects, such as powder metallurgy and soil mechanics. The response of granular materials to external loading is complex, especially in case when failure occurs: the mode of the failure can be diffuse or localized, and the development of specimen pattern can be drastically different when the specimen can no longer sustain external loading. In this thesis, a thorough numerical analysis based on a discrete element method is carried out to investigate the macroscopic and microscopic behavior of granular materials when a failure occurs. The numerical simulations include the vanishing of the second-order work instability criterion to detect failure. Furthermore, it is proved that the vanishing of second-order work coincides with the change from a quasi-static regime to a dynamic regime in the response of the specimen. Then, microstructure evolution is investigated. Evolution of force-chains and grain-loops are investigated during the deformation process until reaching the failure. The second-order work is once again taken into account to elucidate the local aspect that governs the failure, taking place at the particle scale. The collapse of the discrete specimen when it turns from quasi-static to dynamic regime is accompanied with a burst in kinetic energy. This rise of kinetic energy occurs when the internal stress cannot balance with the external loading when a small perturbation is added to the boundary, resulting in a difference between the internal and external second-order works of the system. The mesostructures have a symbiosis relationship with each other and their evolution decides the macroscopic behavior of the discrete system. The distribution of the collapse of force-chain correlates with the vanishing of the second-order work at the grain scale. The mesostructures play an important role in the instability of granular media. The second-order work can be used as an effective criterion to detect the instability of the system on both the macroscale and microscale (grain scale)
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Goncalves, Olabissi. "Effets de taille sur la rhéologie et la microstructure d'objets en polymères amorphes pour la compréhension du procédé de micro-injection". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI079.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ce travail de thèse, inscrit dans le cadre du projet FUI ConProMi, se propose d'étudier les mécanismes intervenant durant la phase de réplication par micro-injection de pièces en polymères amorphes. Dans ce but, un outil spécifique dénommé « La Rotonde » a été développé, pour réaliser des pièces d'épaisseurs variables, tout en suivant les conditions de pressions et températures locales. Les mesures de ces conditions ont montré que les écoulements de polymère à l'état fondu, dont d'un copolymère d'oléfines cycliques (COC), variaient en fonction de l'épaisseur de la cavité. L'analyse de ces résultats a permis de proposer une nouvelle loi de comportement reliant les pertes de charge dP à l'épaisseur de la cavité, selon une loi Puissance: dP~1/e^a. L'extrapolation de cette loi à des épaisseurs décroissantes nous a permis de prédire la limite physique de fabrication d'objets par micro-injection, connue de façon empirique dans l'industrie de la plasturgie ; la fabrication de pièces d'épaisseurs inférieures à 0.19 mm (ou de facteur de forme supérieur à 45) est en effet impossible du fait des pertes de charges trop importantes lors de l'écoulement du polymère dans la cavité. Il a ainsi été démontré que La Rotonde est un véritable rhéomètre interne, mesurant les viscosités du COC dans la cavité lors de son écoulement, en intégrant l'influence de la compressibilité de la matière. Une attention particulière a enfin été portée sur l'échantillon de plus faible épaisseur injectable (0.27 mm), afin de mieux appréhender les mécanismes s'opposant à l'écoulement du polymère fondu. Ces travaux ont révélé des viscosités élevées et des contraintes de cisaillement supérieures aux valeurs seuils rapportées dans la littérature pour expliquer le phénomène de glissement des chaînes macromoléculaires à l'interface paroi/polymère. Une analyse morphologique fine a été entreprise afin d'observer et identifier les mécanismes impliqués lors du remplissage des pièces. Cette étude spécifique a permis de révéler la présence de multiples écoulements secondaires, localisés à proximité du seuil et dont le nombre croit fortement avec la réduction d'épaisseur. Ces défauts ont tendance à disparaitre le long de l'écoulement et à former des lignes de recollement. Ce résultat original montre que le modèle d'écoulement Fontaine relatif au remplissage des cavités en injection a été mis en défaut dans le cas de la micro-injection. La dernière partie de cette étude a été consacrée à l'analyse des conséquences de ces écoulements secondaires sur les propriétés physiques des pièces en COC. Les mesures de biréfringence ont permis de mettre en évidence des niveaux de contraintes internes particulièrement élevés à proximité du seuil, qui sont favorisées par la phase de maintien. Ces contraintes ont été par ailleurs directement corrélées avec la réduction d'épaisseur. Les variations des propriétés physiques et en particulier mécaniques dynamiques des micro-pièces ont été reliées à l'histoire thermomécanique subie par les échantillons, avec notamment des augmentations des propriétés élastiques et de densité liées aux cinétiques de refroidissement croissantes avec la réduction d'épaisseur. Les variations de mobilité moléculaire à grande distance des chaînes macromoléculaires du polymère considéré ont été corrélées au phénomène de vieillissement physique, ou à la présence de défauts structurels générés lors de l'écoulement. D'un point de vue industriel, une telle étude a permis de proposer des préconisations sur l'optimisation des conditions de mise en œuvre en micro-injection d'objets de tailles réduites, en expliquant l'origine du verrou technologique relevé industriellement. A la lumière de ces résultats, des solutions technologiques pourront être proposées, pour reculer les limites de fabrication de micro-objets en favorisant le glissement des chaines macromoléculaires à l'interface paroi/polymère ou formuler de nouveaux polymères spécifiques pour ce secteur d'activitéThis work, done within the framework of a FUI project (ConProMi), endeavoured to study the mechanisms involved within amorphous polymers during the replication of micro-parts by microinjection moulding. A specific mould called “La Rotonde” has been developed to realise parts with variable thicknesses, and to follow the local pressure and temperature conditions during the moulding phase. The in-situ measurements show that the polymer flow is greatly affected by the cavity thickness, in the particular case of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC). Indeed, the pressure drops dP increases with the thickness e and respect a power law, through the expression dP~e^a. The extrapolation to lower thicknesses gives a physical limit for the manufacturing of micro-parts by injection moulding, known empirically in the plastic industry. The moulding of a 0,19mm thick part (or aspect ratio upper than 45) is impossible due to the pressure drops involved. Therefore, “La Rotonde”, as an internal rheometer, allows measuring the COC viscosity under real process conditions, integrating the material compressibility. A focus has been made for the smaller parts (0,27mm thick) to study the mechanisms involved within the polymer flow. Higher viscosities and shear stresses are found for this cavity, and close to the values corresponding to the appearance of wall-slip phenomenon at the interface between the polymer and the cavity. A morphological analysis of short-shots reveals the presence of multiple secondary flows close to the injection gate, creating weld-lines. This phenomenon is clearly broadened with decreasing thicknesses, but it seems to disappear away from the injection gate. Therefore, this original result show that the classical fountain flow, used to describe the polymer flow behaviour, is not sufficient in the case of polymer flows within micro-cavities. As a consequence, each sample's morphology has been studied and related to the physical properties of COC. A specific analysis of the local birefringence has been developed in order to quantify the residual internal stresses. The internal stresses profiles normal to the flow direction are parabolic for all the samples, and the levels of maximum stresses reached increases with reducing thickness. The dynamic mechanical properties are history-dependent according to the former thermomechanical conditions. The elastic properties tend to increase together with the density when the thickness decreases, partly explained by the enhancement of the cooling rates. The differences observed for the molecular mobility of the macromolecular chains have been correlated to physical ageing and/or at the presence of structural defects during the moulding phase. With regards to the results observed, some recommendations are drawn regarding the optimization of the process conditions for the manufacturing of parts by micro-injection moulding. At last, different solutions are given to overcome the physical limitation to produce micro-parts, like controlling the wall-slip phenomenon at the interface between polymer and cavity or compounding new polymers with specific rheological behaviours
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Vieira, Imário. "Turismo de segunda residência em Praia Grande (SP)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-15032011-152450/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A presente dissertação analisa o fenômeno do turismo de segunda residência sob o prisma da geografia humana e histórica da cidade de Praia Grande e sua inserção no turismo, produção do espaço e segunda residência. O objetivo desta pesquisa é o de analisar o processo histórico da urbanização de Praia Grande, desde a época em que ainda fazia parte de São Vicente e entender como se deu a produção do espaço amparada pelo turismo de segunda residência. O procedimento metodológico utilizado procurou entender os fatos, as políticas públicas e as ações que levaram às transformações, crescimento e desenvolvimento de Praia Grande do início do século passado até os dias atuais. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostram como se deu a descoberta da atividade turística desta estância balneária, pertencente à Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS), que vem despertando o interesse dos mais variados segmentos da sociedade, sejam eles, das áreas da construção civil, planejamento, investimentos, comércio, dentre outros. Por conta disso, constatamos um abrupto crescimento e desenvolvimento desta estância balneária com mudanças paisagísticas e investimentos na sua infra-estrutura, que em seu bojo, trouxeram mais recursos e investimentos para esta cidade média paulista.The present dissertation analyses the phenomenon of tourism of second residency under the prism of Human Geography and the history of the city of Praia Grande and its insertation in tourism, production of space and second residency. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the historic process of Praia Grande´s urbanization since the time it was still a neighborhood of São Vicente and understand how the production of space has occurred supported by the second residency. The methodological procedure used has searched to understand the facts, public politics and actions that led this city to transformation, growing and development since the beginning of last century until today. The results of this research has shown how tourism activity appears in this city, which is part of the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista (RMBS) that nowadays is being the target of many segments of the society such as civil construction, planning, investment, business and other ones. In this way, we have verified an abrupt growing and development of this city with paisagistic changes and improvements in its infra-structure that all together brought new resources and investments to this paulistan medium sized city.
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Chaparro, Mendivelso Hooz Angela. "Impacts of climate and drought on tree radial growth in Neotropical dry forests: Scaling up from short to long time-scales = Impactos del clima y las sequías en el crecimiento radial de los árboles en los bosques secos Neotropicales: Evaluación de sus efectos a diferentes escalas temporales". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402722.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis analyzed the dynamics of tree radial growth at different time-scales in relation to climate and drought in two tropical dry forests (TDFs) from Colombia (Tuluá) and Bolivia (INPA). The specific objectives were: (i) To assess intra-annual patterns of radial growth (radial- increment dynamics and xylogenesis) in ten coexisting tree species from Tuluá and INPA and determine their relationship with climate and leaf phenology. (ii) To analyze the effects of climate and drought on long-term radial growth at different time-scales using dendrochronology in seven coexisting deciduous tree species from INPA. (iii) To evaluate the long-term radial growth responses to changes in climate water balance and determine their relationship with sapwood density in seven coexisting deciduous tree species from INPA.
At intra-annual scales it was found that: (i) cambium reactivation and xylem growth of tree species occurred during the wet season, reflecting the influence of high precipitation and a positive water balance on the development of new xylem cells. (ii) In the semi-deciduous tree species from Tuluá the xylem growth period overlapped with the wet season, whereas, in the deciduous tree species from INPA, the growth period started at the mid wet season, when the tree crowns were fully developed. (iii) Temperature, as a determinant factor in the hourly fluctuations of both the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and the evapotranspiration rate, could exert a huge influence on tree radial growth dynamics during the growing season. In Tuluá, the growing season was particularly associated with low temperatures and hence low VPD, while in INPA the growing season was related to high temperatures and VPD. Nevertheless, the high temperatures registered throughout the day at both TDFs negatively affected radial increment at hourly scales. Tree species could face the adverse dry conditions by restricting growth to periods of the day when temperatures are low. (iv) Stem shrinkage and swelling occurred at hourly to daily scales in all tree species, and most INPA tree species registered strong reversible shrinkage at monthly scales. Particularly, the climate controls on radial-increment dynamics varied between daily and monthly scales. At daily scales, there was a positive effect of high precipitation and positive water balance and a negative effect of VPD on the increment phase, while at monthly scales the precipitation was the main variable affecting radial increment positively.
At inter-annual scales it was found that: (i) The tree radial growth showed a positive relationship with precipitation and climate water balance and a negative association with temperature, indicating that the tree species studied share high common growth variability in response to local climate. Nevertheless, the strongest response of growth to climate was species-specific, indicating that there was a differential sensitivity among tree species to these climate variables. (ii) The radial growth of all tree species responded positively to water balance during the wet season, but such responses differed among species as a function of their stem sapwood density. Specifically, sapwood density was negatively related to growth variability explained by water balance. Tree species with low-density wood and high production of sapwood were the most sensitive to water balance, whereas species with the opposite characteristics were the least sensitive ones. (iii) Tree species tolerated short-term droughts while they were particularly sensitive to long-lasting droughts. This indicates that tree species from the INPA site are predominantly sensitive in terms of growth reduction to long-lasting droughts. The most temperature-sensitive tree species, also showed the highest growth sensitivity to long-lasting droughts. In contrast, growth of the tree species with the lowest sensitivity to water balance, did not respond to long-term drought variability.Esta tesis evaluó la dinámica del crecimiento radial a diferentes escalas temporales y determinó su relación con el clima y la sequía en dos bosques secos tropicales de Colombia (Tuluá) y Bolivia (INPA). A escalas intra-anuales se encontró que: (i) la reactivación del cambium y el crecimiento del xilema ocurre durante la época húmeda del año en ambos bosques. Esto refleja la influencia de las altas precipitaciones y los valores positivos del balance hídrico atmosférico en el desarrollo de las nuevas células del xilema. (ii) El período de crecimiento en Tuluá estuvo asociado a temperaturas bajas y, por ende, a un déficit de presión del vapor (DPV) bajo, mientras que en INPA la estación de crecimiento estuvo asociada a valores altos de temperatura y DPV. Sin embargo, en ambos sitios de estudio, las temperaturas altas registradas a lo largo del día afectaron negativamente el incremento radial a escalas horarias. Las especies pueden hacer frente a estas condiciones adversas, por ejemplo, restringiendo el crecimiento a períodos del día que registren temperaturas bajas, ya que la pérdida de agua asociada a la evapotranspiración también sería baja. A escalas inter-anuales se determinó que: (i) el crecimiento radial de todas las especies de INPA presentó una asociación positiva con la precipitación y el balance hídrico atmosférico y una relación negativa con la temperatura. Esto indica que todas las especies comparten una señal común de la variabilidad del crecimiento en respuesta al clima local. No obstante, la fuerza de la respuesta fue especie-específica. Esto indica que existe una sensibilidad diferencial entre las especies al clima. (ii) El crecimiento radial de todas las especies de INPA respondió positivamente al balance hídrico atmosférico durante la estación húmeda, pero esa respuesta fue diferente entre las especies en función de la densidad de la albura. La densidad de la albura fue negativamente relacionada a la variabilidad del crecimiento explicada por el balance hídrico. (iv) Las especies de INPA fueron resilientes a las sequías de corto plazo (estación seca anual), mientras que el crecimiento fue particularmente sensible a las sequías de larga duración (sequías multi-anuales), excepto en las especies con alta densidad de la albura.
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Kuchta, Jiří. "Posouzení informačního systému firmy a návrh změn". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444583.
Testo completo
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Huang, Yi-Bing, e 黃奕炳. "The changes of PRC’s strategic thinking on attacking Taiwan (after Second Gulf War)". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12808720774162409980.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣大學
國家發展研究所
96
Abstract Since 1949, two sides of Taiwan Straits have experienced different phases on the relations across the Taiwan Straits. However, after several transitions of PRC’s policies, PRC never gives up her attempt to attack Taiwan by military force. Based on the concerns of people and country, and wishes for ensuring Taiwan’s national security, I hope to look into the development of PLA’s military strategic thinking, get a deeper understanding about its impacts on Taiwan’s national defense, and make concrete plans to enhance Taiwan’s national security. Historical approach combined with Policy analysis approach is adopted in this research, while Index analytical method and Comparative method are utilized in the paper. The paper consisted of four main sections: looking into the factors influencing PLA’s strategic thinking on attacking Taiwan, analyzing the impacts of Second Gulf War on PLA, probing into how the changes of PLA’s strategic thinking influence Taiwan, and in light of its influence on Taiwanese defense, investigating how Taiwanese military should respond in concrete actions. In this research, I firstly analyzed the factors that have influenced PLA’s strategic thinking about attacking Taiwan. In international factors, changes of international strategic environment, development of revolution in military affairs, the current research and development of defense technology and anticipations of how foreign military intervention would occur were discussed. As for PRC factors, national security strategies, inheritance of strategic culture, domestic political and economic situations, and PLA military force development were included. When it comes to factors related to Taiwan, the characteristics of the military strategy across Taiwan Straits, Taiwanese people and military’s morale and will to resist, the strategic conceptions of Taiwanese military, and development of Taiwanese fighting power. Secondly, I looked into the impacts of 2003 Second Gulf War on PLA military strategic thinking. The research procedure started with reviewing the occurrence of the war, analyzed the modes and characteristics of this war, and investigated its influences and inspirations on PLA, such as “lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks”. Subsequently I analyzed the significant changes of PLA’s strategic thinking on attacking Taiwan. In this paper, I discovered that PLA encountered shocks after first and second Gulf war, and then made obvious adjustments on its strategic thinking. Therefore, I divided the time from 1949 to US-Iraq War into three time periods: Pre-Gulf War (from 1949 to 1990), after First Gulf War (from 1991 to 2002), and after Second Gulf War (after 2003). The changes of strategic thinking that PLA made after Second Gulf War definitely influenced Taiwan’s defense and military operation. In this paper, I made an in-depth analysis about how Taiwanese military should respond to the changes of PLA strategic thinking, based on military conception, martial preparation, and educational training. According to this research, PRC never gives up her martial preparation against Taiwan, and her strategic thinking of attacking Taiwan has changed. Under PRC’s gradually-intensifying threats against Taiwan, Taiwan needs realize the importance to paddle her own canoe in the war. Postemptive strike strategy and strong will to resist enemy are the sharpest weapons to depend Taiwan. Unsymmetrical battle gives Taiwan an opportunity to fight against PRC, and army is the army branch in the decisive battle. Besides, early warning and combat strength reservation are the keys to success. On the basis of the analysis mentioned in the chapters and sections above, there are five suggestions summarized in this paper: At first, strengthen the national defense education, and reinforce military and civilian’s will to resist against enemy. Secondly, establish strategies to fight alone in the war, and eliminate the expectations of external military assistance. Third, learn from your enemy—find out PLA’s innovations and strengths. Fourth, support military research and strengthen military theoretical basis. Fifth, enhance the educational investment on military academies and cultivate professional talents.
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Malcolm, Alison. "Second Chances: A Study of Rural Malawian Youth in a Complementary Basic Education Programme". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In Malawi, an estimated 202 000 children are out of school and of those in school, less than 50 percent reach grade five. Increasingly, alternatives to the formal school system are gaining traction as a means to reach these excluded children. Recognizing the necessity, the Malawian government recently stipulated a non-formal provision in its education plan.
As demand increases, it is important to consider what makes these programmes appealing and sustainable. Using qualitative interview methods, this study explores the lives of ten rural Malawian youth who are participating in an alternative initiative and investigates factors that have influenced the students to initially join and remain in the programme.
The study sheds light on experience with alternative education initiatives as seen from the student perspective and provides insight into influences, motivation and successful non-formal programming by linking the theoretical framework to the findings.
34
Tanaka, Shoko. "Exposure to varieties of English accent: Attitudinal changes among Japanese adult learners of English". 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442179&T=F.
Testo completo
35
Cohn, Tony A. "Diabetes susceptibility in drug-free schizophrenia patients and metabolic changes after second generation antipsychotic treatment". 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442102&T=F.
Testo completo
36
Olineck, Kara M. "Understanding intention and desire in the second year : developmental changes and relations among these abilities". Thesis, 2003. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/2202/1/MQ83824.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present experiments investigated the developmental change in infants' concept of intention, and the link between intention and desire understanding in the second year. In Experiment 1, we compared 14- and 18-month-old infants' ability to differentiate between intentional and accidental actions. In Experiment 2, we compared 18-month-olds' ability to infer subjective desires for objects and their performance on the previous task. Also, performance on these theory of mind tasks was correlated with mental lexicon six months later. A developmental progression in infants' understanding of intention was observed. Surprisingly, 18-month-old infants were unable to infer subjective desires for objects. No relationship was found between infants' understanding of intention, desire, and their mental lexicon. These results have methodological and theoretical implications for research exploring theory of mind in infancy.
37
Wu, Shu-chen, e 吳淑娟. "The developments and changes of the tea industry in Taiwan after the Second World War". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07755228091337875897.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立中央大學
歷史研究所碩士在職專班
95
The tea industry in Taiwan became a very important one in the late Ching Dynasty. Then during the period of Japanese governance, the industry began to commercialize. After the Second World War, the Taiwan government also helped developed the tea industry positively. At the time, tea accounted for a rather great proportion among all kinds of processed agricultural products exported to other countries, and it also helped earned a massive foreign exchange for the Taiwan government. The saying “Southern Sugar, Northern Tea” was therefore well-known to every Taiwanese. The tea industry indeed plays a very important part in the history of economy and agriculture in Taiwan Although there are plenty of researches on the tea industry in Taiwan already, yet, there is little research into the great changes of the tea industry in Taiwan after the Second World War, such as the changes of the growing areas, of the size of manufactories, and of the sale market. Therefore, this research is trying to cover all the above aspects and to discuss the developments and changes of the tea industry in Taiwan after the Second World War. There are four chapters of this research. Chapter 1 describes the developments and changes of the production of the tea, revealing the environmental elements for tea in Taiwan, the distribution changes of the tea plantations (decrease in the north and growth in the south), the amelioration of tea strains, and all the possible causes of these changes and developments. Chapter 2 discusses the developments and changes of the manufacturing of tea, analyzing the size, the amount, and the distribution of the tea manufactories and the improvement of the technology as well. Chapter 3 presents the amounts of tea export and the changes of exporting and domestic markets and marketing techniques. The causes of the changes are also included here. Chapter 4 processes the ways toward the long-term management of the tea industry in Taiwan after joining WTO, the solutions to pesticides problems, as well as how to achieve safe productions of tea and how to promote Taiwanese tea.
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Chen, Chun-Chuan, e 陳均銓. "Behavioral and monoaminergic changes after discontinuation of second generation antipsychotics in a rat modal of schizophrenia". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73619816470943489957.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國防醫學院
生理學研究所
102
Background：Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness and antipsychotics have been the mainstay of treatment. However, the subsequent adverse effects, noncompliance and poor drug response lead the treatment liable to be discontinued. Previous evidence has shown that the behavioral and brain morphology changes to a degree after discontinuation of antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients, leaves the question whether the neurochemical substrates would be altered after discontinuation of antipsychotics. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between behavioral and neurochemical changes after discontinuation of quetiapine, a second generation antipsychotic (SGA) in a schizophrenia-like animal model. Materials and Methods：Social isolated SD rats were chosen in the present study because the inferior prepulse inhibition (PPI) of these rats represents an impairment of sensorimotor gating function seen in schizophrenia patients. Rats were experienced a scheduled drugged regime (administration, discontinuation and re-administration) in which their PPI and locomotor activity will be measured across the regime. Further, the levels of tissue/extracellular fluid dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT) were analyzed by HPLC in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Finally, the ratio of DA receptor 1 and 2 (D2/D1) expression were examined by western blot. Result：The discontinuation of quetiapine disrupted the PPI and rats were more hyperactive with altered protein expression of central monoamines and DA receptors. Furthermore, we also found the longer re-administration of quetiapine successfully reversed the isolation-rearing induced PPI impairment. Conclusion：Long-term medication and discontinuation of quetiapine led to distinctive behavioral and neurochemical changes of isolation-reared rats. These data may help interpret the longitudinal drug effect of SGA in clinical schizophrenia patients and also justify the importance of the adherence of antipsychotics.
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Gravestock, Kathryne E. "Doing good? Thrift stores and second-hand clothing donations in Victoria, BC". Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9307.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Do second-hand clothing donations ‘do good?’ Thrift stores promote the message that second-hand clothing (SHC) donations ‘do good’ when they solicit donations from individuals. I argue that this narrative of ‘doing good’ overemphasizes the social and economic value of donated clothes and conceals the negative aspects of overconsumption and the problems associated with the commercial export of SHC. The aim of this thesis is to better understand the relationship between fast fashion, clothing consumption and disposal patterns, and the global trade in SHC donations by examining what motivates individuals to donate SHC to thrift stores, and how thrift stores are linked to the international trade in SHC. I began to map SHC donations from households to thrift stores. I used a global production network (GPN) framework to examine the social, political, and economic relations that contribute to how value is created, increased, and extracted in this commodity chain. Using a case study approach, I conducted 30 interviews with individuals who donated used clothing and I conducted research at four different thrift stores that sell SHC in Victoria, BC.Graduate
2020-04-17
40
Schwartz, Naomi Beth. "Earth, wind, water, fire: Interactions between land-use and natural disturbance in tropical second-growth forest landscapes". Thesis, 2017. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8D2292T.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate models predict changes to the frequency and intensity of extreme events, with large effects on tropical forests likely. Predicting these impacts requires understanding how landscape configuration and land-use change influence the susceptibility of forests to disturbances such as wind, drought, and fire. This is important because most tropical forests are regenerating from anthropogenic disturbance, and are located in landscape mosaics of forest, agriculture, and other land use. This dissertation consists of four chapters that combine remote sensing and field data to examine causes and consequences of disturbance and land-use change in tropical second-growth forests. In Chapter 1, I use satellite data to identify factors associated with permanence of second-growth forest, and assess how estimates of carbon sequestration vary under different assumptions about second-growth forest permanence. I show that most second-growth forest is cleared when young, limiting carbon sequestration. In Chapter 2, I combine data from weather stations, remote sensing, and landowner surveys to model fire activity on 732 farms in the study area over ten years. The relative importance of these factors differs across scales and depending on the metric of fire activity being considered, illustrating how implications for fire prevention and mitigation can be different depending on the metric considered. Chapter 3 combines Landsat imagery and field data to map wind damage from a severe convective storm, providing strong empirical evidence that vulnerability to wind disturbance is elevated in tropical forest fragments. Finally, in Chapter 4 I integrate annual forest census data with LiDAR-derived topography metrics and tree functional traits in a hierarchical Bayesian modeling framework to explore how drought, topography, and neighborhood crowding affect tree growth, and how functional traits modulate those effects. The results from these studies demonstrate innovative approaches to understanding spatial variation in forest vulnerability to disturbance at multiple scales, and the results have implications for managing forests in a changing climate.
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Cheng, Heng, e 鄭珩. "EFFECTS OF TWO KINDS OF TEACHING ENGLISH PHONICS SONGS AND CHANTS ON ELEMENTARY SECOND GRADERS’ PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND WORD RECOGNITION". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02065696255118847303.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立高雄師範大學
英語學系
102
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of two kinds of teaching English phonics songs and chants on elementary school students’ phonological awareness and word recognition. In addition, the relationship between phonological awareness and word recognition was explored as well. Moreover, students’ attitude toward English learning and their expectations to the teaching were further probed after the instruction. The subjects of the study included 50 students of two second-grade classes in an elementary school of southern Taiwan. During 10-week study of English phonics songs and chants instructions, the two classes were respectively labeled as an experimental group (EG receiving the explicit instruction) and a controlled group (CG receiving the implicit instruction). In addition, students’ pre-instruction and post-instruction performances on phonological awareness and word recognition were compared and analyzed. Finally, the questionnaire on student responses to the phonics songs and chants instruction was administered to the subjects of EG. Their responses and expectations were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Based on the data analyses, the results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in the performance of phonological awareness between the experimental group and the controlled group. It infers that both implicit instruction and explicit instruction are beneficial to students’ performance of phonological awareness since both groups showed progress in posttests. 2. There was a significant difference in the performance of word recognition between the experimental group and the controlled group. It reveals that the explicit instruction has significant effects on students’ performance of word recognition. 3. The result of experimental group’s performance of phonological awareness after the explicit instruction showed a significant difference. 4. The result of experimental group’s performance of word recognition after the explicit instruction exhibited a significant difference. 5. In the experimental group, students’ performances of phonological awareness and word recognition were significantly related in the experimental group. 6. The results of the post-instruction questionnaire showed that most of the students in the experimental group gave positive responses to the explicit phonics songs and chants instruction. Based on the findings, the researcher suggested teachers apply explicit phonics songs and chants instruction to activate the students’ interest in English learning.
42
Chen, Hung-Yen, e 陳虹諺. "Cluster Analyses of Fish Assemblages Using the Impingement Data at the First and the Second Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan: Temporal Changes". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40102193216145710674.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣大學
農藝學研究所
99
This study was using three cluster analyses, Hierarchical Clustering, Partitioning Around Medoids, Self-Organizing Maps and Temporal Maps to find out the temporal changes of marine fish community based on the impingement data collected at the first and the Second Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan from September 2000 to August 2010. The species Alectis ciliaris, Lobotes surinamensis, Sardinella gibbosa, Sardinella hualiensis, Trachurus japonicus, and Tylosurus acus melanotus, etc. have been decreasing in individual number in recent years from the results of cluster analysis. Those decreasing species were mainly with higher economic values, so the result might reflect the declination in our fishery resources due to overfishing. Most of the decreasing species belonged to the group of species that mostly appeared in warm months from the results of cluster analysis. Also, from the results of temporal maps, there were groups disappeared in recent years. Those disappeared groups contained mainly the species that mostly appeared in warm months. The reasons why the species that mostly appeared in warm months have been decreasing in recent years need to be found out.
43
Wu, Tsai-Hung, e 吳采鴻. "Changes and reasons on the share of fruits and vegetables wholesale market in Taiwan.-A case study of the Second Wholesale Market in Taipei -". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80205763673111821506.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士清雲科技大學
經營管理研究所
99
This dissertation starts with general examining current operations and changes on the wholesale market of vegetables and fruits. Secondly, analyzes and summarizes the possible development directions in the large-scale wholesale market of vegetables and fruits, namely the Second Wholesale Market in Taipei (SWMT). This study produces three findings. The first finding is that about the Business for products collection circle (including the mid-range and the long-range production areas) of the large-scale wholesale market, such as the Second Wholesale Market in Taipei (SWMT) significantly outward expanding. The expansion of products collection circle is positively correlated with increase of the amount and ratio of nationwide products collection. It also finds that about the economics for the Second Wholesale Market in Taipei (SWMT)’s supply capacity and ratio of gradually increased since early 1990s. Thirdly, in light of the population increase that leads to the expansion of urbanization, the distribution capacity for wholesale market is also advanced. In turn, about the market structure - conduct - performance that other similar large-scale wholesale markets are likely to follow suit and develop towards an “open-area wholesale market."
44
Salinas, Viviana. "The baby will come, the ring can wait : differences between married and unmarried first-time mothers in Chile". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2167.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The proportion of children born outside of marriage in Chile increased from 15.9 percent in 1960 to 64.6 percent in 2008. Similar increases have been taken elsewhere as indicative of a Second Demographic Transition (SDT). In this dissertation, I study differences between married and unmarried mothers in Chile and the reasons why such a large proportion of children are born outside of marriage, with the goal of understanding whether the demographic changes we are observing in the country are part of a global movement towards the SDT. The data comes from a postpartum survey implemented in Santiago, the capital city. I analyze differences between women according to the family arrangement they live in, including married women in nuclear households, married women in extended households, cohabiters in nuclear households, cohabiters in extended households, visiting mothers, and single mothers. I consider women’s socioeconomic wellbeing, emotional wellbeing, social support, attitudes and values, and reproductive health. The results show large demographic and socioeconomic differences, marking the socioeconomic advantage of married women in nuclear households, who are the oldest, and the disadvantage of cohabiters in extended households, visiting and single mothers, who are the youngest women in the sample. Married women in extended households and cohabiters in nuclear households are between these two poles. Differences in emotional wellbeing exist, benefiting married women in nuclear households, but they are not so large. Differences in social support continue delineating married women in nuclear households as a privileged group, but visiting mothers appear as a highly supported group too. There are not large differences in attitudes and values, as most women continue holding conservative attitudes on family issues, and most unmarried mothers plan to marry. Differences in reproductive health are large, showing that unplanned births and contraceptive failure are high in the underprivileged and youngest groups. Unmarried women seem to accept their pregnancies with no pressure to marry, and to give priority to other goals, such as their careers and homeownership, before the wedding, which they do not discard for the future. Under these circumstances, it is hard to interpret recent demographic changes in Chile as a SDT.text
45
Šikula, Ján. "Funkční změny břehů Vltavské kaskády se zaměřením na Vodní nádrž Slapy". Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368386.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The diploma thesis is focused on evaluation of changes in the functional use of banks of Water reservoir Slapy. It is done on the basis of study of professional literature and resources, map data and own survey. Water reservoir Slapy holds many functions, such as energetic or flow control. The main purpose of the banks is in tourism and recreation. In the thesis is emphasized the recreational function which changes are analyzed in four periods. The other analyzed functions are economic, service, transport and residential functions. Part of the thesis is also analysis of managed interviews with mayors of municipalities and representatives of recreational facilities. The thesis contributes, as a survey of changes in the landscape of the area of interest, to understanding the area of Central Vltava. Klíčová slova: Water reservoir Slapy, Vltava cascade, functional changes, recreation, tourism, second housing, Central Vltava
46
Hewson, Alan Donald. "The history of obstetrics and gynaecology in Australia from 1950 to 2010". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316878.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This thesis provides an overview of obstetrics and gynaecology in Australia from 1950 to 2010. The author was an active member of the discipline over that timeframe and draws on his professional experience during the period under review as one of the tools to shape a historical analysis and interpretation of the complexities and significance of change. The care of women is seen as critical to the survival of humanity but many historians do not give this subject a high priority. This thesis seeks to remedy that deficiency by providing a detailed review of the discipline during the marked increase in knowledge in medicine after World War Two, which resulted in a dramatic improvement in safety for mothers and babies. It also includes a detailed outline of the life-saving advances in the discipline over the past 60 years. The thesis also documents the impact of a rapidly changing Australian society on the discipline and its practitioners, by analysing the historical background of their education and training, and the necessary adjustments in mindset and practice of the older generations to the confronting social and cultural issues of the 1960s and beyond. Many of the controversies explored have a long history, and include the background of role delineation in the discipline, the increasing impact of legal issues, the feminist debate, the changing site of delivery, and interventions in obstetrics. But the growing awareness of ethical dilemmas, obligatory continuing professional development and bureaucratic intrusion into practice needed inclusion. A focus of the thesis is the manner in which all these issues affected the region where the author spent his practising life, illustrated by graphs, diagrams and private files acquired over that period. The thesis should be a valuable resource for historians and others interested in the medical care of women and their babies in Australia during the second half of the 20th Century.
47
Fleming, Alicia Ann-Marie. "CAMBIOS DIALECTALES E IDIOSINCRACIAS EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL SEGUNDO IDIOMA A ESTUDIANTES MINORITARIOS A TRAVÉS DE LA POESÍA AFROCUBANA". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3201.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Cotidianamente los profesores se hacen esta pregunta: ¿cómo pueden relacionarse mis estudiantes con la lección? Saben que si los estudiantes pudieran acoplarse con el contenido de la lección, entenderían y aprenderían con gran eficacia. En la mayoría de los distritos escolares urbanos de Indianapolis, Estados Unidos hay muchos estudiantes afroamericanos que están en clases de lengua extranjera que piensan que no existen atributos de conexión --como tradiciones y costumbres-- que tienen aspectos en común con sus propias culturas. Por otro lado, hay estudiantes afrolatinos que son nativos de esas lenguas pero a quienes no se les expone a elementos que pertenecen a su cultura o herencia. Esta investigación se enfocará en cómo los profesores pueden utilizar la poesía para enseñar una lengua extranjera; específicamente, cómo se puede utilizar la poesía afrocubana para vincular la lección a los estudiantes minoritarios y su cultura.