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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 15 giugno 2024

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1

Samin, Najmeh, e Shahriar Asgari. "A study on the fauna of Scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) in the Isfahan province, Iran". Archives of Biological Sciences 64, n. 3 (2012): 1073–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1203073s.

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Scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) are powerful egg parasitoids which have an efficient role in the biological control of agricultural pests, especially pentatomids (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). The species diversity of these beneficial insects from Isfahan province is studied in this paper. Twenty species from 2 subfamilies, Scelioninae and Telenominae, were collected and identified. In this paper, the hosts of reared parasitoids are introduced together with the synonyms of scelionid wasps.

2

MIKÓ, ISTVÁN, LARS VILHELMSEN, NORMAN F. JOHNSON, LUBOMIR MASNER e ZSOLT PÉNZES. "Skeletomusculature of Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea): head and mesosoma". Zootaxa 1571, n. 1 (31 agosto 2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1571.1.1.

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The skeletomusculature of the head and mesosoma of the parasitoid wasp family Scelionidae is reviewed. Representatives of 27 scelionid genera are examined together with 13 non-scelionid taxa for comparison. Terms employed for other groups of Hymenoptera are reviewed, and a consensus terminology is proposed. External characters are redescribed and correlated with corresponding apodemes, muscles and putative exocrine gland openings; their phylogenetic importance is discussed. 229 skeletal structures were termed and defined, from which 84 are newly established or redefined. 67 muscles of the head and mesosoma are examined and homologized with those present in other Hymenoptera taxa. The presence of the cranio-antennal muscle, an extrinsic antennal muscle originating from the head capsule, is unique for Scelionidae. The dorsally bent epistomal sulcus and the corresponding internal epistomal ridge extend to the anterior margin of the oral foramen, the clypeo-pleurostomal line is absent and the tentorium is fused with the pleurostomal condyle. The frontal ledge is present in those scelionid genera having the anterior mandibular articulation located on the lateral margin of the oral foramen. The ledge corresponds to the site of origin of the mandibular abductor muscle, which is displaced from the genal area to the top of the frons. The protractor of the pharyngeal plate originates dorsally of the antennal foramen in Scelionidae. All scelionid genera have a postgenal bridge developed between the oral and occipital foramina. The propleural arm is reduced, muscles originating from the propleural arm in other Hymenoptera are situated on other propectal structures in Scelionidae. The profurcal bridge is absent. The first flexor of the fore wing originates from the posteroventral part of the pronotum in Scelionidae and Vanhorniidae, whereas the muscle originatesfrom the mesopleuron in all other Hymenoptera. The netrion apodeme anteriorly limits the site of origin of the first flexor of the fore wing. Three types of netrion are described on the basis of the relative position of the netrion apodeme and the posterior pronotal inflection. The occlusor muscle apodeme is absent in basal Scelionidae, the fan-shaped muscle originates from the pronotum. In Nixonia the muscle originates posterior to the netrion apodeme. The skaphion apodeme crosses the site of origin of the longitudinal flight muscle. The lateral and dorsal axillar surfaces and the axillar carina are defined and described for the first time in Platygastroidea. The retractor of the mesoscutum is reported in Scelionidae and the variability of the muscle and corresponding skeletal structures within the family is described. The term sternaulus is redefined on the basis of the site of origin of the mesopleuro-mesobasalare muscle. The term speculum is adopted from Ichneumonidae and Cynipoidea taxonomy on the basis of the site of origin of the mesopleuro-mesofurcal muscle. The remnants of the mesopleural ridge, sulcus and mesopleural arm and pit and the putative border between the mesepisternum and mesepimeron is discussed. The mesopleural depressor of the mesotrochanter sensu Gibson 1985 originates from the anterior extension of the mesofurca and therefore the muscle is redefined and referred to in the present study as the lateral mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscle. In Nixonia, Sparasion, Idris and Gryon both the lateral and median mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscles are present. The lateral mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscle is present in Platygastridae. The second flexor of the hind wing at least partly originates from the posteriorly delimited area of the mesopectus in Scelionidae similarly to some other Proctotrupomorpha and Chalcidoidea. The serial homology of this area and the netrion is discussed. The possible serial homology of the medially elevated area of the metanotum and mesoscutellum and the usage of the term metascutellum in Apocrita is discussed with the descriptions of correlated internal structures. The anterior metanotal wing process is located on the independent humeral sclerite in Scelionidae, similar to other Apocrita except Cynipoidea. The metanotal depressor of the metatrochanter originates from the humeral sclerite in Scelionidae as well as in some other Proctotrupoidea. The metapleuron is extended secondarily dorsally of the metapleural ridge and corresponding metapleural sulcus in Scelionidae. In Telenominae, Gryonini and Baeini the metafurca is located posteriorly on the metadiscrimenal lamella.

3

Austin, A. D., e and S. A. Field. "The ovipositor system of Scelionid and Platygastrid wasps (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea): Comparative morphology and phylogenetic implications". Invertebrate Systematics 11, n. 1 (1997): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it95048.

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The morphology of the sclerotised components of the ovipositor system is comprehensively surveyed for scelionid and platygastrid wasps, with information being assessed for 120 genera and 220 species. A diagnosis for the ovipositor system is presented for most genera to complement existing generic descriptions. Two previously described and mechanically different forms of the ovipositor system are recognised: (1) the Ceratobaeus-type that is extended and retracted by antagonistic muscles and (2) the Scelio-type that is operated by changes in hydrostatic pressure, where the ovipositor is extended at the end of an elongate telescopic tube derived from expanded intersegmental membrane between metasomal segments 6 and 7. Comparison of these forms with the supposed ground plan for the Scelionidae strongly indicates that the Scelio-type is apomorphic, that it defines a monophyletic group associated with orthopteran host eggs, and that it comprises the tribes Scelionini, Calliscelionini, most Psilanteridini, Aradophagini, Neoscelionini, Platyscelionini, Doddiellini and four genera misplaced within the Sparasionini and Baryconini (Archaeoteleia Masner, Bracalba Dodd, Chromoteleia Ashmead and Oxyscelio Kieffer), as well as Sceliacanthella Dodd. Until a more robust classification of the superfamily is forthcoming, it is proposed that this group be informally referred to as the 'Scelionini sensu lato'. Further, seven genera (Habroteleia Kieffer, Palpoteleia Kieffer, Anteris Foerster, Fusicornia Risbec, Leptoteleia Kieffer, Opisthacantha Ashmead and Styloteleia Kieffer) are misplaced in the Calliscelionini and Psilanteridini because they possess the Ceratobaeus-type system. Nixonia Masner, Sparasion Latreille and Sceliomorpha Ashmead (Sparasionini) are considered to have the most primitive ovipositor system because they possess a Ceratobaeus-type system, and sub-basally fused lateral and latero-ventral apodemes, the latter being loosely attached to sternite 6. Sparasion and Sceliomorpha also have very short lateral apodemes and this, in conjunction with the form of the apodemes, can be considered to be the ground plan for the superfamily. The Platygastridae all possess a modified ovipositor system but, nonetheless, one that in most cases is extended and retracted by musculature (i.e. Ceratobaeus-type). In particular, the system in most platygastrids is typified by having metasomal tergite 8 and associated cerci missing, the lateral apodemes short and forming a U-shape, and the ovipositor assembly generally robust. Only one of approximately 30 genera examined, Acerotella Masner, has very elongate apodemes, as in the Scelionidae. Many platygastrids also have a pair of latero-ventral apodemes, a presumed plesiomorphic character, rather than a single medial apodeme on stemite 6, which is the case for many Scelionidae. The most highly modified system is found in Isostasius Foerster and some Synopeas (Sactogaster) Foerster, where the ovipositor assembly is coiled vertically or partly so and the apodemes are greatly reduced. Generally, characters associated with the ovipositor system do not provide any independent support for the most recent higher-level classification of platygastrids, although they show substantial potential for more accurate definition of genera. A preliminary cladistic analysis of 14 ovipositor characters supports the monophyly of five clades that correspond to the Scelionini s. l., the Scelionidae (minus the Sparasionini sensu stricto), the Sparasionini s. str., the Platygastridae, and the Sparasioriini s. str. + Platygastridae. Overall, results from this study will provide baseline information on the ovipositor system as a prelude to a more complete phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily including external morphological characters. Although no new classification for the Scelionidae and Platygastridae is proposed, their higher-level taxonomy is reviewed and discussed and cases identified where, on the basis of ovipositor morphology, taxa (tribes and/or genera) apparently form monophyletic groups, and where taxa are misplaced. Finally, the status of the major higher-level groups within the superfamily is discussed, as is the available evidence to support their monophyly.

4

Engel, Michael S., Diying Huang, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni, Chenyang Cai, Mabel Alvarado, Laura C. V. Breitkreuz e Dany Azar. "An apterous scelionid wasp in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)". Comptes Rendus Palevol 16, n. 1 (gennaio 2017): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2016.03.005.

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5

MARGARÍA, CECILIA B., MARTA S. LOIÁCONO e ANALÍA A. LANTERI. "New geographic and host records for scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitoids of insect pests in South America". Zootaxa 2314, n. 1 (18 dicembre 2009): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2314.1.2.

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This contribution provides new parasitoid/host associations for scelionid species distributed in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Uruguay, and new geographic records. The parasitoid species examined belong to the genera Gryon Haliday, Phanuropsis Girault, Trissolcus Ashmead, and Telenomus Haliday, and all of them attack insect pests. Three cases of multiple scelionid species emerging from a single egg mass of Pentatomidae are reported.

6

Krupke, Christian H., e Jay F. Brunner. "Parasitoids of the Consperse Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North Central Washington and Attractiveness of a Host-Produced Pheromone Component". Journal of Entomological Science 38, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.1.84.

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The parasitoid complex of the consperse stink bug, Euschistus conspersus Uhler, was investigated in a series of field experiments conducted in native vegetation surrounding commercial apple orchards in the state of Washington. Rearing of parasitoids from adult E. conspersus confirmed the presence of two tachinid species, Gymnosoma filiola Loew and Gymnoclytia occidentalis Townsend. Three species of scelionids were reared from fresh egg masses placed on mullein plants (Verbascum thapsus L.) with Trissolcus utahensis (Ashmead) being the most common species. Though some parasitism was recorded in all study sites by both tachinids and scelionids, overall levels of parasitism were low (<10%). Predation comprised the major source of egg mortality in the field. Bucket traps baited with the male-produced aggregation pheromone component, methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate, captured significantly more G. occidentalis than unbaited controls, suggesting that it may use this compound as a host-finding kairomone. A test comparing E. conspersus egg masses placed on baited vs. unbaited V. thapsus revealed no differences in the rate of parasitism by scelionid parasitoids.

7

Carlos Henrique Marchiori. "Assessment of conceptual and taxonomic aspects of the Scelionidae Family (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)". Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 4, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2022): 046–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2022.4.1.0027.

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Biology of Scelionidae Scelionid wasps are idiobiont endoparasitoids of spider eggs, mainly araneids and teridids, and of insects odonates, orthopterans, mantles, embypterans, hemipterans, neuropterans, coleopterans, dipterans and lepidopterans. Its females have an ovipositor that acts as a hypodermic needle, allowing it to pierce the chorion of the host's egg and lay eggs. The parasitoid larvae consume the host's tissues and thrusts within it, with one adult emerging in solitary species or several adults in gregarious species. The objective of this mini review is to understand the biology, ecology, habitat, geographical distribution, taxonomy, life cycle and phenology of the Scelionidae Family. In this study, quantitative and conceptual aspects were used. To this end, a bibliographic survey of Scelionidae was carried out in the years 1982 to 2021. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events, Doctoral Thesis and Master's Dissertation were considered. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Pubmed, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science and ERIC.

8

Popovici, Ovidiu Alin, Lars Vilhelmsen, Lubomir Masner, István Mikó e Norman Johnson. "Maxillolabial complex in scelionids (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea): morphology and phylogenetic implications". Insect Systematics & Evolution 48, n. 4 (14 settembre 2017): 315–439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-48022156.

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The Platygastroidea is a highly diverse group of small to minute parasitoid wasps. Despite the reduced size, the morphology of the maxillolabial complex of scelionids is very diverse and phylogenetically informative. 81 characters are scored for 129 genera (representing 75% of the total number of known extant genera of scelionids), as well as for seven outgroup taxa. All taxa examined are illustrated with images, SEM micrographs and/or line drawings. Phylogenetic trees resulting from analyses conducted in TNT under various settings were not fully resolved, but some relationships were repeatedly retrieved. The Platygastroidea are usually corroborated. Nixoniini, Sparasionini, Plaumannion and Huddlestonium are frequently retrieved as the most basal platygastroid lineages. Psix and Paratelenomus often form a monophyletic group close to Gryonini. The Scelioninae, Teleasinae and Telenominae are not supported as monophyletic. However, some major scelionid clades are frequently retrieved, but these are not recognized in the current classification of Platygastroidea. The evolution of the palpal formula, highly variably in scelionids, and previously used in platygastroid systematics, is explored. The number of maxillary palpomeres in the ground plan of platygatroids is probably five, that of labial palpomeres two or three, given the variation among basal scelionids. Our study provides relevant information for resolving the phylogeny of the Platygastroidea, but additional character sources have to be explored to obtain a robust phylogenetic hypothesis.

9

FALIÈRES, ELSA, e ANDRÉ NEL. "A new scelionine genus from the earliest Eocene Oise amber (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae)". Palaeoentomology 2, n. 5 (31 ottobre 2019): 418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.5.3.

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‘Scelionid’ wasps are rather frequent in Cretaceous and Cenozoic amber. The Cenozoic fossils generally belong to extant genera. Among these, Talamas & Buffington (2015) listed and figured a female and a male Calliscelio sp. from the Miocene Dominican amber. Antropov et al., (2014) placed Macroteleia veterna Cockerell, 1921 from the latest Eocene of the Isle of Wight in the genus Calliscelio under the name Calliscelio veternus (Cockerell, 1921), but in the same paper they also indicate that ‘The latter comprise 12 fossils, including “Macroteleia” veterna Cockerell, 1921a = Calotelea, a widespread genus of orthopteran parasites’. Lastly Calliscelio caudatus (Brues, 1940), Calliscelio prolepticus (Brues, 1940), and Calliscelio succinophilus (Brues, 1940) from the mid Eocene Baltic amber were never revised. Here we describe new fossil scelionids from the earliest Eocene amber of Oise (France), closely related to Calliscelio.

10

MASNER, LUBOMÍR, e NORMAN F. JOHNSON. "Janzenella, an Enigmatic New Genus of Scelionid Wasp from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Scelionidae)". American Museum Novitates 3574 (giugno 2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3574[1:jaengo]2.0.co;2.

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11

Samin, N., H. Ghahari, E. Koçak e Gh R. Radjabi. "A contribution to the scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from some regions of Eastern Iran". Zoosystematica Rossica 20, n. 2 (25 dicembre 2011): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2011.20.2.299.

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The Scelionidae were studied in some regions of Eastern Iran. In total 23 species from 7 genera were collected, among which two species, Eumicrosoma phaeax (Nixon, 1938) and Sparasion punctatissimum Kieffer, 1906, are new records for Iran.

12

Talamas, Elijah J., Jonathan S. Bremer, Matthew R. Moore, Marie-Claude Bon, Zachary Lahey, Cheryl G. Roberts, Lynn A. Combee et al. "A maximalist approach to the systematics of a biological control agent: Gryon aetherium Talamas, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 87 (23 dicembre 2021): 323–480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.72842.

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A morphological and molecular analysis of Gryon Haliday (Platygastroidea, Scelionidae) was conducted to provide a taxonomic and phylogenetic context for a species under evaluation as a biological control agent of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Our analysis revealed that Gryon is polyphyletic and that the biological control agent is not G. gonikopalense, a name that was tentatively applied to this species in 2019. We here describe this species as new, Gryon aetherium Talamas sp. nov., and resurrect the generic name Hadronotus Förster. Morphological characters that delimit our concepts of Gryon and Hadronotus are presented. Based on morphological characters and multilocus phylogenies, we determined that five presently valid scelionid genera belong within Gryon. In total, 15 species are transferred into Gryon from these genera, 215 species are transferred from Gryon to Hadronotus, and 6 species are transferred from Gryon to Dyscritobaeus Perkins. Specimens collected during field studies in California and reevaluation of specimens determined as G. myrmecophilum in Mexico reveal that G. aetherium is adventive in North America.

13

Orr, David B. "Scelionid Wasps as Biological Control Agents: A Review". Florida Entomologist 71, n. 4 (dicembre 1988): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3495011.

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14

Prabu, S. Jasmin, e S. Manickavasagam. "Scelionid fauna of Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu". Zoos' Print Journal 19, n. 11 (21 ottobre 2004): 1686–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.zpj.1166.1686-8.

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15

Johnson, Norman F., Luciana Musetti e Lubomír Masner. "The Cretaceous Scelionid Genus Proteroscelio Brues (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea)". American Museum Novitates 3603, n. 1 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2008)3603[1:tcsgpb]2.0.co;2.

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16

Waterston, James. "A remarkable Scelionid (Hymenoptera-Proctotrypoidea) from South Africa". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 97, n. 1 (21 agosto 2009): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1927.tb02251.x.

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17

Peter, Abhilash, K. Rajmohana e A. Rameshkumar. "On Triteleia Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from India, with descriptions of two new species". ENTOMON 46, n. 1 (31 marzo 2021): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v46i1.581.

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Triteleia Kieffer is a little known scelionid genus. Two species, viz., flagellata Abhilash and Rajmohana sp. nov. and T. robusta Abhilash and Rajmohana sp. nov. are described as new to science. Further T. bengalensis (Saraswat), the only species known under Triteleia in India, is redescribed and a dichotomous key to the three Indian species of Triteleia is provided.

18

Awadalla, S. S. "Influence of temperature and age ofNezara viridulaL. eggs on the scelionid egg parasitoid,Trissolcus megallocephalus(Ashm.) (Hym., Scelionidae)". Journal of Applied Entomology 120, n. 1-5 (12 gennaio 1996): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1996.tb01634.x.

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19

Austin, A. D., N. F. Johnson e M. Dowton. "SYSTEMATICS, EVOLUTION, AND BIOLOGY OF SCELIONID AND PLATYGASTRID WASPS". Annual Review of Entomology 50, n. 1 (gennaio 2005): 553–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130500.

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20

Iranpour, Mahmood, e Terry D. Galloway. "Three new Nearctic species of Telenomus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) attacking Tabanidae eggs". Canadian Entomologist 136, n. 1 (febbraio 2004): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n03-034.

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AbstractThree new species of Tabanidae egg parasitoids are described: Telenomus hybomitraesp. nov. and Telenomus utilissp. nov., both reared from eggs of Hybomitra nitidifrons nuda (McDunnough) and Hybomitra lasiophthalma Macquart, and Telenomus chrysopsissp. nov., reared from eggs of Chrysops aestuans Wulp, Chrysops excitans Walker, and Chrysops mitis Osten Sacken. Specimens of these species were compared with type specimens of known New World species of scelionid parasitoids attacking tabanid eggs. Diagnostic characters and identification key to the Nearctic species are provided.

21

K, Mahalakshmi, Manickavasagam S e Rajmohana K. "Distributional Records of Genera of Scelionid (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae) Egg Parasitoids from South India". Madras Agricultural Journal 99, September (2012): 576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100144.

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Faunistic surveys conducted between 2010 and 2011 through net sweep, yellow pan trap and Malaise trap in southern states of India revealed new distributional records of 17, 19 and three genera of scelionids respectively from Andhra Pradesh, Pudhucherry and Tamil Nadu.

22

Giovannini, Lucrezia, Giuseppino Sabbatini-Peverieri, Patricia Glynn Tillman, Kim Alan Hoelmer e Pio Federico Roversi. "Reproductive and Developmental Biology of Acroclisoides sinicus, a Hyperparasitoid of Scelionid Parasitoids". Biology 10, n. 3 (16 marzo 2021): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10030229.

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Acroclisoides sinicus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was described in 1988 from China, but recent findings in Europe and North America within the framework of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) biological control indicate a Holarctic distribution. The few records and fragmented information on A. sinicus are derived from generic observations of other species belonging to the same genus, and its biological and ethological traits are still completely unexplored. It was suspected to be a facultative or obligate hyperparasitoid of many egg parasitoid species (e.g., Scelionidae and Eupelmidae), especially those parasitizing Pentatomidae eggs. Laboratory colonies of A. sinicus were established from specimens collected in the field in Europe and the USA, which allowed us to investigate for the first time the life traits of this somewhat enigmatic species. Our studies confirmed the obligate hyperparasitoid hypothesis for species of Scelionidae but not of Eupelmidae. Laboratory studies revealed that A. sinicus is extremely selective in its host recognition as only the pupal stage of its host species is exploited for parasitization. Taking into consideration its hyperparasitoid habit, the adventive A. sinicus populations in Europe and North America may potentially be severe threats to pentatomid natural control as new components in the trophic chain of pentatomids and their parasitoid guilds.

23

Popovici, Ovidiu, Ferdinando Bin, Lubomir Masner, Mariana Popovici e David Notton. "Triteleia peyerimhoffi comb. n., a remarkably variable circum-Mediterranean scelionid (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea)". ZooKeys 140 (26 ottobre 2011): 71–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1925.

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24

Weber, Cheryl A., Janet M. Smilanick, L. E. Ehler e Frank G. Zalom. "Ovipositional Behavior and Host Discrimination in Three Scelionid Egg Parasitoids of Stink Bugs". Biological Control 6, n. 2 (aprile 1996): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bcon.1996.0031.

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25

Spence, John R. "Interactions between the scelionid egg parasitoid Tiphodytes gerriphagus (Hymenoptera) and its gerrid hosts (Heteroptera)". Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1986): 2728–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-397.

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Tiphodytes gerriphagus parasitized eggs of five Gerris and two Limnoporus species in the laboratory and the parasitoids were reared from field-collected eggs of G. buenoi, G. comatus, G. pingreensis, L. dissortis, and L. notabilis. Eggs of G. buenoi and L. dissortis were parasitized over about 80% of development. Wasps preferred eggs of G. buenoi over those of L. dissortis, which were larger but covered by a jelly coat. However, under field conditions, eggs of L. dissortis laid at the water surface were parasitized more than submersed eggs of Gerris species. Host size (= species) had no apparent effect on adult life-span but affected the body length of adult parasitoids. Size of females was affected more than that of males and lifetime fecudity also varied with host size. Parasitoids laid most of their eggs during the first 4 days after emergence, averaging 8–11 parasitized hosts per day. Tiphodytes gerriphagus was reared from eggs of Limnoporus collected throughout western Canada. Rates of parasitism peaked just after egg production by L. dissortis, suggesting selection for early oviposition by gerrids. Most Limnoporus populations were heavily parasitized by late summer, but in some temporary or newly created habitats, rates of parasitism were lower. Growth of the parasitoid population at a new habitat was slower than at nearby ponds with large resident wasp and gerrid populations, and the lower parasitoid abundance was associated with greater production of L. dissortis. Adults of T. gerriphagus appear to overwinter in gerrid eggs at the bottom of ponds. At temporary sites, wasps may fail to survive the winter and recolonize more slowly than Limnoporus. Interaction with parasitoids may explain the patchy nature of L. dissortis distribution and its restriction to temporary habitats. Presence of T. gerriphagus may also affect the outcome of competitive interactions among gerrid species.

26

Al-Ghamdi, Khalid M., Robin K. Stewart e Guy Boivin. "SYNCHRONY BETWEEN POPULATIONS OF THE TARNISHED PLANT BUG, LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS) (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE), AND ITS EGG PARASITOIDS IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC". Canadian Entomologist 127, n. 4 (agosto 1995): 457–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent127457-4.

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AbstractThe seasonal occurrence of four species of egg parasitoids of the tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris) was determined in three different habitais: fields of mixed weeds. alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). and crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) in southwestern Quebec in 1991 and 1992. Parasitoids studied were the mymarids Anaphes iole Girault, Polynema pratensiphagum (Walley), and Erythmelus miridiphagus Dozier and a scelionid, Telenomus sp. Adult populations of these parasitoids showed three or four population peaks in all habitats throughout the season. Adult parasitoid activity started during the first egg-laying period of L. lineolaris at a temperature accumulation of 73 degree-days (DD). The overwintering period began in mid-October at 1277 and 1058 DD for 1991 and 1992, respectively. All the parasitoids had a strong synchrony with L. lineolaris populations; specifically, marked peaks in the adult population of all species were in synchrony with the egg-laying periods of L. lineolaris.

27

Haye, Tim, Jinping Zhang, Marion Risse e Tara D. Gariepy. "A temporal trophic shift from primary parasitism to facultative hyperparasitism during interspecific competition between two coevolved scelionid egg parasitoids". Ecology and Evolution 11, n. 24 (dicembre 2021): 18708–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8483.

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Talamas, Elijah J., Norman F. Johnson, Chungkun Shih e Dong Ren. "Proterosceliopsidae: A new family of Platygastroidea from Cretaceous amber". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 73 (18 novembre 2019): 3–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.73.32256.

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Proterosceliopsis was erected by Ortega-Blanco et al. (2014) in their treatment of scelionid genera in Cretaceous amber from Álava, Spain. The generic description appears to have been based on specimens in which only the dorsal aspects of the mesosoma and metasoma were visible, as characters of the mesopleuron, metapleuron, lateral pronotum, and ventral metasoma were not mentioned. We here provide a comprehensive description of the genus that includes characters from throughout the body and we reinterpret some of the characters presented by Ortega-Blanco et al. (2014). Our analysis of Proterosceliopsis in the context of extant and fossil platygastroids places this group as a lineage well outside of the current families. We here designate Proterosceliopsis as the type genus of a new family, Proterosceliopsidae Talamas, Johnson, Shih & Ren, fam. nov., and describe five new species: Proterosceliopsis ambulata Talamas, Shih & Ren, sp. nov., P. nigon Talamas, Shih & Ren, sp. nov., P. plurima Talamas, Shih & Ren, sp. nov., P. torquata Talamas, Shih & Ren, sp. nov., and P. wingerathi Talamas, Shih & Ren, sp. nov. We provide a key to all presently known species in the genus. The oldest known specimen of Platygastridae s.s., in Burmese amber, is presented and compared to Proterosceliopsidaefam. nov.

29

Kononova, S. V. "New species of scelionids (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) of the Israel fauna". Entomological Review 88, n. 8 (novembre 2008): 967–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0013873808080113.

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30

Ndemah, R., F. Schulthess, M. Poehling, C. Borgemeister e G. Goergen. "Natural enemies of lepidopterous borers on maize and elephant grass in the forest zone of Cameroon". Bulletin of Entomological Research 91, n. 3 (giugno 2001): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber200195.

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The importance, geographical and temporal distributions of parasitoids of lepidopterous borers on maize and elephant grass, Pennisetum purpureum, were assessed during surveys in farmers’ fields in six villages and two on-station trials in the forest zone of Cameroon between 1995 and 1996. The borer species encountered were Busseola fusca (Fuller), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Eldana saccharina Walker on both host plants, and Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot on maize only. Busseola fusca was the predominant host accounting for 44–57% and 96% on maize and elephant grass, respectively, followed by E. saccharina on maize with 27–39%. Fifteen hymenopterous, two dipterous and one fungal species were found on these stem and cob-borers. Among those were six pupal, six larval, four egg, one larval–pupal parasitoid and four hyperparasitoids. The scelionid parasitoids Telenomus busseolae Gahan and T. isis Polaszek were found on B. fusca eggs in all locations. During the first season, mean egg parasitism was low and ranged between 3.1% and 27% versus 54–87% during the second season. Species belonging to the Tetrastichus atriclavus Waterston complex were recovered from all four borer species. The majority and most common larval and pupal parasitoid species belonged to the ingress-and-sting guild.Larval and pupal parasitism were very erratic and on more than 50% of the sampling occasions no parasitoids were recovered. Parasitoid diversity was higher on elephant grass than maize.

31

Chabi-Olaye, A., C. Nolte, F. Schulthess e C. Borgemeister. "Abundance, dispersion and parasitism of the stem borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon". Bulletin of Entomological Research 95, n. 2 (aprile 2005): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2004347.

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AbstractThis study was conducted in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. The main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller. Two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. Maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. Spatial analyses showed that the stemborer egg batches were regularly dispersed in the maize monocrop and aggregated in the intercrops, as indicated by b, the index of dispersion of Taylor's power law. Depending on the crop association and planting pattern, intercrops reduced the percentage of plants with stem borer eggs by 47.4–58.4% and egg densities by 41.2–54.5% compared to monocropped maize. Consequently, larval densities were 44.4–61.5% lower in intercrops compared to monocrops. Intercropping maize with non-host plants did not affect larval parasitism. Up to two-fold higher levels of egg parasitism by scelionid Telenomus spp. were recorded in inter- compared to monocrops during the short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003. No differences were found among the mixed cropping treatments and parasitism was lower during the long compared to the short rainy seasons. It was proposed that differences in levels of parasitism were due to density dependence effects rather than the effect of the presence of non-host plants in the system.

32

Harris-Shultz, Karen R., John Scott Armstrong, Michael Caballero, William Wyatt Hoback e Joseph E. Knoll. "Insect Feeding on Sorghum bicolor Pollen and Hymenoptera Attraction to Aphid-Produced Honeydew". Insects 13, n. 12 (14 dicembre 2022): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13121152.

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Pollinators are declining globally, potentially reducing both human food supply and plant diversity. To support pollinator populations, planting of nectar-rich plants with different flowering seasons is encouraged while promoting wind-pollinated plants, including grasses, is rarely recommended. However, many bees and other pollinators collect pollen from grasses which is used as a protein source. In addition to pollen, Hymenoptera may also collect honeydew from plants infested with aphids. In this study, insects consuming or collecting pollen from sweet sorghum, Sorghum bicolor, were recorded while pan traps and yellow sticky card surveys were placed in grain sorghum fields and in areas with Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense to assess the Hymenoptera response to honeydew excreted by the sorghum aphid (SA), Melanaphis sorghi. Five genera of insects, including bees, hoverflies, and earwigs, were observed feeding on pollen in sweet sorghum, with differences observed by date, but not plant height or panicle length. Nearly 2000 Hymenoptera belonging to 29 families were collected from grain sorghum with 84% associated with aphid infestations. About 4 times as many Hymenoptera were collected in SA infested sorghum with significantly more ants, halictid bees, scelionid, sphecid, encyrtid, mymarid, diapriid and braconid wasps were found in infested sorghum plots. In Johnsongrass plots, 20 times more Hymenoptera were collected from infested plots. Together, the data suggest that sorghum is serving as a pollen food source for hoverflies, earwigs, and bees and sorghum susceptible to SA could provide energy from honeydew. Future research should examine whether planting strips of susceptible sorghum at crop field edges would benefit Hymenoptera and pollinators.

33

King, Kendall, Megan E. Meuti e Norman F. Johnson. "Identification and expression of odorant binding proteins in the egg-parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae, Telenominae)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 87 (23 dicembre 2021): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.68954.

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Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) is an egg-parasitoid of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (Linneaus) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Many behaviors associated with female T. basalis host-finding and acceptance are mediated by chemosensory pathways, for which olfactory, gustatory and ionotropic receptors have been previously identified. Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are small, globular proteins, one of the functions of which is the transport of odorant ligands through the aqueous lymph of chemosensory sensilla to these receptors. We identified 18 classical OBP sequences in the T. basalis genome and transcriptomes sharing an average 26.8% pairwise identity. Gene tree analyses suggest very limited lineage-specific expansion and identify potential orthologs among other scelionids and Hymenoptera. Transcriptome mapping and qPCR comparison of expression levels in antennae and bodies of both sexes determine that at least five TbOBPs are preferentially expressed in the female antennae. These are, therefore, prime candidates for further study to determine their role in detecting host-produced semiochemicals.

34

Ndemah, Rose, Fritz Schulthess, Samuel Korie, Christian Borgemeister, Hans-Michael Poehling e Kitty Cardwell. "Factors Affecting Infestations of the Stalk BorerBusseola fusca(Lepitoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize in the Forest Zone of Cameroon with Special Reference to Scelionid Egg Parasitoids". Environmental Entomology 32, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2003): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-32.1.51.

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35

Roselli, Gerardo, Gianfranco Anfora, Raffaele Sasso, Livia Zapponi, Sergio Musmeci, Alessia Cemmi, David Maxwell Suckling, Kim Alan Hoelmer, Claudio Ioriatti e Massimo Cristofaro. "Combining Irradiation and Biological Control against Brown Marmorated Stink Bug: Are Sterile Eggs a Suitable Substrate for the Egg Parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus?" Insects 14, n. 7 (22 luglio 2023): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14070654.

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The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, is a phytophagous invasive pest native to south-eastern Asia, and it is now distributed worldwide. This species is considered to be one of the most damaging insect pests in North America and in Europe. In agriculture, the predominant approach to managing BMSB is based on the use of insecticides, specifically pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Unfortunately, the biology of the species and its facility to develop mechanisms of resistance to available pesticides has induced farmers and scientists to develop different, least-toxic, and more effective strategies of control. In a territorial area-wide approach, the use of a classical biological control program in combination with other least-toxic strategies has been given prominent consideration. Following exploratory surveys in the native range, attention has focused on Trissolcus japonicus, a small scelionid egg parasitoid wasp that is able to oviposit and complete its larval development in a single egg of H. halys. A common method for detecting egg parasitoids in the native range involves the placement of so-called ‘sentinel’ egg masses of the pest in the environment for a short period, which are then returned to the laboratory to determine if any of them are parasitized. Outside of the area of origin, the use of fertile sentinel eggs of the alien species may lead to the further release of the pest species; an alternative is to use sterile sentinel eggs to record the presence of new indigenous egg parasitoids or to detect the dispersal of alien species (in this case, T. japonicus) released in a new environment to control the target insect pest species. This study evaluated the performance of three types of sterile sentinel eggs as a suitable substrate for the oviposition and larval development of the egg parasitoid T. japonicus in a context of combining classical biological control with a Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) approach.

36

Moraglio, Silvia Teresa, Francesco Tortorici, Sara Visentin, Marco Giuseppe Pansa e Luciana Tavella. "Trissolcus kozlovi in North Italy: Host Specificity and Augmentative Releases against Halyomorpha halys in Hazelnut Orchards". Insects 12, n. 5 (18 maggio 2021): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12050464.

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Abstract (sommario):

Trissolcus kozlovi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) emerged from field-laid eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North Italy, and it emerged in significantly higher numbers from fresh H. halys eggs compared to other native scelionids. Since few data on T. kozlovi are available, its host-specificity and some biological traits were investigated in laboratory tests, and its impact after augmentative releases was evaluated in two hazelnut orchards. Among the 12 tested bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae), only Nezara viridula was an unsuitable host, while the highest offspring proportions were obtained from Arma custos, Pentatoma rufipes, and Peribalus strictus, followed by Acrosternum heegeri and Palomena prasina. Furthermore, when reared on P. strictus, T. kozlovi showed a high longevity as well as a high adaptation to H. halys eggs. In both hazelnut orchards, T. kozlovi emerged from H. halys eggs after field releases, but it was not found in the next two years. The physiological host range of T. kozlovi was quite similar to that of T. japonicus, and probably T. kozlovi has just begun to attack H. halys as a new host. This aspect needs to be further investigated, as well as its favorable environmental conditions, its distribution and also its possible interaction with T. japonicus, currently present in Italy.

37

Witting, B. E., D. B. Orr e H. M. Linker. "Attraction of Insect Natural Enemies to Habitat Plantings in North Carolina". Journal of Entomological Science 42, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2007): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-42.4.439.

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Two studies were conducted to evaluate the relative attractiveness of floral habitats that may provide nectar and pollen food resources to natural enemies of agricultural insect pests in North Carolina. In the first study, timed observations were made of insect flower-feeding to estimate attraction of natural enemies to 16 plant species in 2004 and 5 plant species in 2005. Insects were identified to the family level and assigned to 1 of 6 feeding groups. In both years, crop predators fed from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill.) flowers in greater abundance than from any other flowers observed. Crop parasitoids fed most often on fennel in 2005. In both years, the remaining insect feeding groups other than pollinators were not significantly affected by flower species. In 2005 the response of representatives of 3 families of egg parasitoids (Mymaridae, Scelionidae, and Trichogrammatidae) to 6 habitat plants (black-eyed Susan, buckwheat, fennel, cock's comb [Celosia cristata L.], Shasta daisy [Leucanthemum × superbum (J. W. Ingram) Berg, ex Kent.], and yarrow [Achillea millefolium L.]) was determined. Crabgrass (Digitaria spp. Haller), that exhibited no obvious flowering, served as a control. Results demonstrated that flower species and height affected insects of all 3 families of parasitoids, but removal of flowers only affected scelionids which were trapped in greater abundance in cock's comb plots at flower height. Mymarids were most abundant at 0.5 times the flower height in black-eyed Susan plots regardless of flower presence, and trichogrammatids were trapped in greatest abundance at 0.5 times the canopy height in unmowed crabgrass plots. Our results indicate that habitat plantings may attract egg parasitoids, but that flowers themselves do not appear to be responsible for this attraction.

38

Galloway, ID, AD Austin e L. Masner. "Revision of the genus Neuroscelio Dodd, primitive Scelionids (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae) from Australia, with a discussion of the Ovipositor system of the tribe Gryonini". Invertebrate Systematics 6, n. 2 (1992): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9920523.

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The endemic Australian genus Neuroscelio Dodd, previously known only from the holotype of N. nervalis Dodd and treated as a genus incertae sedis by previous authors, is revised, with the inclusion of four new species: N. doddi, sp. nov. and N. storeyi, sp. nov. from Queensland, and N. noyesi, sp, nov. and N. stirlingensis, sp. nov. from south-western Western Australia. An illustrated key to species is provided along with information on their distribution and habitat. The genus is redescribed and its relationships with other genera in the Scelioninae and tribe Gryonini are discussed. Neuroscelio retains a number of character states primitive within the subfamily. The morphology of the ovipositor system is described for the Gryonini for the first time, with Neuroscelio having an ovipositor and associated structures typical of the group.

39

Nishimoto, Hiroyuki, Tomomi Fujita, Toshiharu Tanaka e Shinrou Katou. "Interspecific competition between two scelionid egg parasitoids, the non-native, invasive Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) and the native Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) on the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) in Japan". Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society 57 (2015): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4165/kapps.57.37.

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40

Peterson, Hillary M., Elijah Talamas e Grzegorz Krawczyk. "Survey for Adventive Populations of the Samurai Wasp, Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in Pennsylvania at Commercial Fruit Orchards and the Surrounding Forest". Insects 12, n. 3 (19 marzo 2021): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12030258.

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Abstract (sommario):

The samurai wasp, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), is an egg parasitoid associated with the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Trissolcus japonicus is a candidate for classical biological control of H. halys populations. Since 2014, adventive populations of T. japonicus have been detected in 14 US states, in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia and Ontario, and in two European countries, Switzerland and Italy. Establishing baseline information about populations of T. japonicus is important, as this species is not host specific to H. halys and the potential ecological effects of the accidental introductions are not fully known. In this study, yellow sticky cards were deployed at commercial fruit orchards in nine counties in Pennsylvania separated by more than 400 km. Trissolcus japonicus was detected on cards in eight counties, and in two habitats, in the orchard and at the forest border. Other native species of Scelionidae known to attack the eggs of H. halys were also identified, including Trissolcus euschisti (Ashmead), Trissolcus brochymenae (Ashmead), and Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). These results are important baseline ecological knowledge for both T. japonicus, which appears to be established in orchards throughout Pennsylvania, and other native Scelionidae.

41

Godoy, Karlla Barbosa, Júlio César Galli, Crébio José Ávila e Beatriz Spalding Corrêa Ferreira. "SELETIVIDADE DE INSETICIDAS A Trissolcus basalis (WOLL.) (HYM.: SCELIONIDAE) EM LABORATÓRIO". BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura 80, n. 3 (28 marzo 2016): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.37856/bja.v80i3.2846.

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42

Talamas, Elijah J., Dylan Johnston-Jordan e Matthew L. Buffington. "CalliscelioAshmead Expands (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 118, n. 3 (luglio 2016): 404–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.404.

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43

Talamas, Elijah J., István Mikó e Robert S. Copeland. "Revision of Dvivarnus (Scelionidae, Teleasinae)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 49 (28 aprile 2016): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.49.7714.

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44

Petrov, Stancho. "Scelionidae subfamily (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea, Scelionidae), from the Balkan peninsula and Turkey V. Tribus Sparasionni". Scientific Works 56 (2012): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22620/sciworks.2012.56.011.

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45

Goepp, Téo, e Erwann Marhic. "Sparasion emarginatum Kieffer, 1906, espèce nouvelle pour la faune de France (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae)". Osmia 11 (25 marzo 2023): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47446/osmia11.3.

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Abstract (sommario):

Sparasion emarginatum Kieffer, 1906, new species for the French fauna (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). - Sparasion emarginatum Kieffer, 1906 is recorded from France for the first time, from three different localities.

46

Sunita, P., e K. Rajmohana. "On a new species of Neoceratobaeus Rajmohana (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from India". ENTOMON 44, n. 4 (10 febbraio 2020): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v44i4.478.

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Abstract (sommario):

Neoceratobaeus Rajmohana (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) was described from India as a monotypic genus. The present paper describes and illustrates the second species N. dwitiyus sp. nov. from West Bengal, India. Morphological affinities with the known species are discussed.

47

KAMALANATHAN, VEENAKUMARI, ELIJAH J. TALAMAS, RAJMOHANA KELOTH e PRASHANTH MOHANRAJ. "Two new species of Apteroscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from India". Zootaxa 4277, n. 1 (15 giugno 2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4277.1.11.

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Abstract (sommario):

Two new species of Apteroscelio Kieffer, a previously monotypic genus, are here described, illustrated and keyed. Affinities between Apteroscelio and other scelionine genera are discussed. The male of this genus is imaged and described for the first time.

48

Talamas, Elijah, e Ovidiu Alin Popovici. "The  second record of Platyscelio (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in South America". Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 64, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2021): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/travaux.64.e76076.

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Abstract (sommario):

The presence of Platyscelio (Platygastroidea, Scelionidae) in the Neotropical region is confirmed. After a recent record from French Guiana, a second specimen of Platyscelio was found in samples from the Republic of Suriname, being a new record for the fauna of this country.  

49

Bueno, Regiane Cristina Oliveira de Freitas, Tatiana Rodrigues Carneiro, Adeney de Freitas Bueno, Dirceu Pratissoli, Odair Aparecido Fernandes e Simone Silva Vieira. "Parasitism capacity of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 53, n. 1 (febbraio 2010): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132010000100017.

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Abstract (sommario):

This work studied the parasitism capacity of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) eggs at 15, 20, 25, 28, 31, and 35°C, aiming to use this natural enemy in biological control programs in crops where S. frugiperda was considered pest. The parasitism during the first 24 h was 60.90, 81.65, 121.05, 117.55 and 108.55 parasited eggs per female from egg masses of approximately 150 eggs, at 15, 20, 25, 28 and 31°C, respectively. Females of T. remus reached parasitism higher than 80% at 15, 20, 25, 28 and 31ºC at 5, 27, 8, 2, and 2 days, respectively. At 35ºC, there was no parasitism. The highest parasitism rates occurred at 20, 25, 28 and 31°C. T. remus female longevity varied from 15.7 to 7.7 days from 15 to 31°C. The highest tested temperature (35°C) was inappropriate for T. remus development. At that temperature, female longevity was greatly reduced (1.7±0.02) and egg viability was null. All T. remus survival curves were of type I, which showed an increase in mortality rate with time.

50

Yamagishi, Kenzou. "NOTES ON ARCHIPHANURUS MINOR (WATANABE) (HYMENOPTERA, SCELIONIDAE)". ESAKIA Special Issue 1 (20 aprile 1990): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5109/2543.

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