Tesi sul tema "Sacrements – Histoire des doctrines"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Sacrements – Histoire des doctrines".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Trudel, Geneviève. "La réforme du sens théologique du sacrement de la Cène chez Huldrych Zwingli". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44756.
Testo completoHomedes-Palau, Marc. "Le mariage comme "res sacra" et comme consécration sacramentelle dans le magistère de l'église catholique : contribution d'histoire doctrinale à une théologie de la "consecratio sui generis" du sacrement de mariage". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAK006.
Testo completoThe thesis examines the development of the doctrine of the sacrament of marriage between Pope Pius VIII (1829) and Pope Francis (2022) from the perspective of two notions: the sacredness of marriage and its sacramental consecration. The first appeared as a key notion until the Second Vatican Council, but then lost its importance, although John Paul II re-emphasized it in a speech in 2003. Marriage is – already as a natural institution – a “res sacra”, a sacred reality in relation to God. The notion of consecration emerged in the Magisterium in 1930 and refers more directly to Christian marriage, in its specificity as a sacrament of the New Law. The use of this notion is hesitant at first (spouses receive “a kind of consecration”) and its meaning will only be deepened by John Paul II. Two lines of interpretation will develop: a moral line, based on the thought of Pius XI, and an ecclesiological line, based on the thought of Pius XII. Although the first one dominated reflection until the catecheses of John Paul II on human love (1984), it is the second one which will then come to the fore. Pope Francis will consolidate it. The thesis pays particular attention to the work of the Council, as well as to the magisterium of John Paul II and Pope Francis
Villemin, Laurent. "Pouvoir d'ordre et pouvoir de juridiction : évaluation ecclésiologique de l'histoire et de leur disctinction". Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040285.
Testo completoCharnay, Jean-Paul. "Essai méthodique sur l'évolution des doctrines stratégiques". Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040301.
Testo completoThe thesis presents the methods and the results of previous interdisciplinary research (see Stratégie et altérité). First it includes the reprint of major strategic books relating to the art and the law of war. For some of these reprints (see Guibert, Carnot) a critical presentation has been added, with unpublished texts. A new definition of strategy has been proposed, which is based upon the variations of negation (or convergence) between enemies (or partners), rationally speaking (see Essai général de stratégie). The Essai d'analyse stratégique emphasizes the present semantic and praxeological mutations: defense, deterrence, geopolitics. Certain notions of strategic analysis have proposed: psycho and socio-strategy, differential strategy, strategical anthropology, tactical acculturation geosociology
Fitzai, Corneliu-Ghiocel. "Origines et actualité du mouvement adventiste du septième jour en Roumanie". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040102.
Testo completoThe origin of the Seventh-day Adventist Movement in Romania goes back beyond the failed calculations of the Millerites, who were American millenarians in the 19th century. This Movement has its roots in the Old Continent, and goes back to the Renaissance. The intellectual revival promoted by the reading of the Bible, prepared the 16th century Reformation, followed by the Radical Reformation and by the Counter-Reformation. All these movements of religious awakening inevitably produced a break within Western Christianity, opening the way to violence and to religious confrontations, culminating in the bloody Wars of religion. These multiple tensions gave birth to the Sabbatarian Movement in Transylvania. Deprived of any official recognition as a religio recepta and refusing to live in illegality, some of its leaders went into exile, and the Sabbatarian faith took root in England. Its slow metamorphosis into the Seventh-day Baptist Movement and its transfer to the American continent prepared, three centuries later, an unexpected meeting with a group that had survived the Millerite Movement. This transplant was a success : the Seventh-day Adventist Movement followed and with the time it returned to Romania. This study deals with this Movement in Romania during the monarchy and during the Communist dictatorship, and supplies the political, social and cultural framework and references necessary to an understanding of its history
Stroia, Stefan, e Dumitru Stăniloaë. "Dumitru Stăniloae (1903-1993) et le renouveau de la théologie orthodoxe de langue roumaine : la doctrine sacramentaire". Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5025.
Testo completoOne of the greatest theologians of the twentieth century, Dumitru Stăniloae (1903-1993) proposed a new view of Patristic theology in relation to contemporary theology and liturgical texts. But this is only one aspect of the originality of his reinterpretation of Patristic thought through the interplay of dogmatics, spirituality and liturgics. To illustrate the place of Stăniloae in the general context of Orthodoxy, and in particular that of Rumanian Orthodoxy of which he is the foremost representative, the author adopts an historical approach, outlining the creation of Rumanian theological thought and the influences it has undergone. At variance with every Orthodox model, Stăniloae’s doctrine of the sacraments, generally presented as ‘command of the Spirit,’ becomes in his Dogmatic Theology a sacramental Christology through the emphasis he gives to Christ and man
Hajibi, Lakbir. "Evolution des doctrines et de la pensée pédagogiques dans l'enseignement traditionnel au Maroc : essai d'analyse historique". Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30039.
Testo completoThe group of themes studied in this thesis turned on four principal axes. 1st axe: The place of the traditional teaching in the Moroccan educational miccrocosm its origin takes to what depends on two ministries: the one profan, the ministry of the national education that is in charge specially of management of sacred and that of islamic affairs. Historic approach: before the 17th ,18th ,19th centuriesDuring the protectorat (1912-1956) and during the independence. During the protectorat, two types of pedagogic temperament opposed: -the conservative and the moderners, the memorial approaches for the transmission of religeous science. -The moderners mobilised to deny the retrograded state of traditional teaching and looked for the method so as to adapt that of modern teaching. 2nd the new pedagogic orientation of the tradional teaching. -Emergence of the new state: manners and pedagogic matters. -Birth of education inligthment face to the social changes. -Passage of education reserved to sons of elit families to massive education -Birth and formation of the new class of clercs to prpose modernity the space, the time the religious, the language and modify epistemological tradional system of religious teaching by adapting it to necessities of modernity. The instituts and the faculties of théology ( formators and religiougs elit). 3rd axe: the particular role of Dar al hadith al Hassania, intitut of teaching and accademic university research of high level of islamic sciences. The ramadanian conferences: unify the members of the Muslim community for the best comprhension of content and coranic message. 4th axe: the epistemologic broughts of Allal al Fassi and his contemprories The social rol of pedagogy of national causel of Ulamas(religious scientists) consultative organ in matters of tradional teaching and jurisprudential ( muslim law, reform of personal state, modawana,) The traditional teaching face to defeats of modernity
Trottmann, Christian. "La vision béatifique des disputes scolastiques à sa définition par Benoît XII". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010501.
Testo completoBeatific vison from eht scolastic disputes till it's definition by benedict the xiith. Beatific vision is a doctrine that was definite precisely during the middle ages, by pope benedict the xiith in 1336. Our thesis studies all texts of the controversy initiated by john the xxii. It situates it in the scolastic reflexion from the beginig of xiiith centurie. An introductive part sums up the ten previous centuries' reflexion on the topic
Lévy, René. "Les doctrines de la providence d'après Maïmonide". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040226.
Testo completoThe subject of providence and its treatment by Maimonides are the term of the Guide of the Perplexed, in the two senses of the word : the end and the aim of the entire work. Chapters 16 and 17 of Book III, the laying out of the problem and the review of doctrines on providence, form the axis of our study, which is divided into two parts : the first part, a work on doctrinal history, is devoted to examining Maimonides reviews of previous doctrines (Epicure, Aristotle, Kalam theologians and Judaism) ; the second, as a philosophical exegesis, takes the providential doctrine of Maimonides as its specific object. This second part goes back to the premises of the problem of providence : the question of evil, or theodicy. It also covers the additional — albeit essential — topics of divine causality and science. It then points out the close link between the concepts of tutelary providence, intelligeance and uniqueness defined as the ultimate perfection of man beyond its perishable individuality, reached by dint of intelligeance and thanks to which “he is with God and God is with him”
Chéno, Rémi. "Institutionnalité et pneumatologie : vers un dépassement des antagonismes ecclésiologiques". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1076.
Testo completoAccording to classical Christology, Christ stands out as the founder of the Church and of the institutions that structure the Church itself; he is set up as the principle of authority and as the source of ecclesial right. The hierarchical authority in ministries as well as legal organization derives from him to govern his body. According to a pneumatological approach, either the Holy Spirit is underscored as a mere agent sent by Christ for the animation of its Church through its members by his gracious action in the hearts, or the charismatic freedom is put forward so much that it comes into conflict with the ecclesial institutions. The first part of this study relates the history of the originally Protestant antagonism between institution and communion and the sociological approaches that have been worked out. The second part is devoted to the history of institutionalistic theory, especially with Maurice Hauriou, as well as the attempts to formulate a theological foundation of the institutional right, particularly with Hans Dombois. Rooted in these works, the third part develops a theology of the institution under the sign of the eschatological Kingdom where the graceful action of the Holy Spirit stands as an institutionalizing process that gives Christ his total Body, the Church
Yavuz, Hasan. "La figure de Jésus dans le Coran et la tradition musulmane". Strasbourg 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20059.
Testo completoOur research work turns on the analysis of Jesus' figure in the Koran and the Muslim tradition. The first part of the thesis stresses on the study of the historical context concerning the analysis of Tafsir's evolution (Koran exegesis) from its birth until now. In the second part we will talk about Jesus' figure as it appears through the Muslim founding texts. We will also bring back the references about the archetypal figure of the divine child and the different evangelical canonical apocryphal texts. The last part deals with the central issue of the trinity the Koran and the Muslim tradition and some significant Muslim authors contribute towards giving the guide lines of the Muslim position in this field. Our work specially underlines the link with history and raise the problem of mythology the failure to link with history reveals a vision of mankind and the world from the traditional and Muslim point of view where there is no place for discontinuity or rupture. What dominates is identity, permanency, homogeneity and the same actuality of views (the speech)
Garnier, Annette. "Péché, pénitence et rédemption chez Gautier de Coinci". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040194.
Testo completoThis thesis examines the progress of the sinner from his terrestrial exile to the celestial home. The Gregorian classification of capital sins, constituting the basic structure of the work, is underpinned by the very life of the words which find their roots in the lexical and semantical fields peculiar to any sin. The study of vocabulary is carried out through the stories of individuals as well as through general observations on vice. A subtle construction allows for the inclusion of all of these reflexions, renders the variety and originality of Gautier’s approach whilst preserving the spirituality of the miracles. All forms of damnation, penitence or redemption are singular. They are nevertheless the precious account of an early thirteenth century monk and a contribution to the study of mentality. The redemptive virgin stands at the center of individual destiny. She illuminates the soul, she intercedes and, in a lavish manner, radiates the energy that each one of us requires to compensate for our weaknesses and to regain free will. She constitutes a place of freedom. She is the meaning of true life
Heyberger, Bernard. "Les Chrétiens du Proche-Orient au temps de la Réforme catholique : Syrie, Liban, Palestine, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles". Nancy 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN21001.
Testo completoUsing the roman archives, as well as locale founds, we try to explain the actual influence of the catholic church between the oriental Christians, mainly reguarding their social organisation and their mentality. Thus, we begin with description of the Christian communities in their Islamic context. This communities have their own coherence and contradictions, which determine the effects of western intervention. Then, looking at the European point of view, we study the transition from crusade to mission, the French "protection" on the ottoman Christians, the number, the organisation, the actual methods of the Latin missionaries. In this time appears an oriental catholicism which emphasizes the differences between roman Christians and the traditional oriental context. We observe the catholic way of life, with his particularities : the role of local clergy, in the tridentine princips educated, the education of the laymen, their association in devote societies, their attitude in front of the death and the dangers of the life, the changes in succession and marriage. .
Lemardelé, Christophe. "Être "nazir" : du guerrier yahwiste au voeu cultuel du judaïsme ancien : Origine et transformation d'un rite de cheveux". Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE5005.
Testo completoThe results of this research can be resumed like this : there was not only on rite of nazir but two ! The mostly well-known is the vow pronounced in order to have a divine profit which was elaborated with ancient elements (the prohibitions) by priestly elite at the Persian period. This wow, showing a larger piety than a common one without great promise, doesn’t know any evolution at the Hellenistic period and at the roman period. So, it was an observed rite but not an essential one in the sacrificial Judaism. The other nazir is more problematic. The Biblical texts, referring to it, have been mostly changed as time goes on, losing somewhat its meaning. This one is the most surprising part of the subject because, with it, we go back to the ancient periods of the “Israelits’yahwism”. Before becoming a survival in the states progressively established in the northern kingdom then in the southern, it was probably a rite for the young men under the aegis of a god warrior (Yhwh)
Letamendía, Francisco. "Le nationalisme basque radical (1950-octobre 1982), organisation armees et (formations politiques. (histoire des doctrines politiques)". Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA080525.
Testo completoAftera description of the historical antecedents of basque nationalism, the thesis analyse the rise of radical basque nationalism in the 1950's. This radical nationalism had as protagonist a military organization, eta, which mimicked the army and the state and was accompanied by the formation of an anti-repressive community which grow up around it in the late years of franco's regime. Differing attitudes towards the post - france transition-rejection or acceptance- gave rise to the formation of two armed organizations, eta "militar" and eta "politico-militar" and two socio- political communities, herri batasuna and euskadiko ezkerra, which constitute the nationalist family together with the traditional nationalist majority embodied in the basque nationalist party. After the disappearance of eta "politico-militar". The thesis studies, esparately and in their reciprocal relations, eta "militar" (together with herri bafasuna) as a movement centripetal, euskadiko ezkerra, a centrifugal movement which abandons its origins in favour of modernity , and the traditional nationalism as a historical nationalism with an autonomous administration
Lemaire, Elina. "Les doctrines parlementaires des Lumières et les institutions libérales : Contribution à une histoire du libéralisme français". Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020015.
Testo completoSantoro, Massimiliano. "Le Temps des maîtres : mythes, idéologies, mentalités, doctrines, pour une histoire de l'imaginaire colonial d'Ancien Régime". Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0016.
Testo completoMuch more the history of political imaginary than the history of the events this essai search out the relationship between fiction and reality political imaginary and social context even if an historical narration of french colonial and forces traced by lawyers defenders and landsowners is the obliged point of reference for any analysis of power's structures in colonies. The confronting of real white power on blaks and their imaginary power is obli ged. The difficulty to overcome the mass of slaves oblige colons to build up an ideological sophistry that will be dramatically paid during french revolution. Once more ancien regime and revolution will encounter each other in the case of frech caribbean slavery. This work wich cannot solve a question tries to analyse powers relations betwenn whites and blacks throught the image that the metropolis has of his colonies and the colons have of themselves. More than a conclusion,this research is an introduction to an history of colonial political imaginary of ancien regime france which has to be done
Habelea, Costel. "Prière et lumière chez Syméon le nouveau théologien". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20057.
Testo completoPayer and light - two key words of symeon's activity and of his work : the alpha and the omega of his theology. To comprehend these words in their complexity end their implications would be to give a kay for a better understanding of the inner side of symeon's life and work. Payer and light are the two main characteristics of the new theologian and, therefore, generally, the characteristics of the true theologian and of the true christian. Ans these very characteristcs make it possible for symeon to be also called the orator, the contemplative or the theologian. Symeon is the theologian of living experience - the so called "experience vivante" - theology being therefore another key - word of his work and mystic thinking. Symeon's theology is the theology of light and of prayer. The true theologian is first of all an orator and a contemplative. It is only during the prayer that god reveals himself in a more personal manner, under the form of light. By symeon the new theologian the vision of light seems to estabilish a kind of personal and ethic communion between the contemplative and the christ, present in the human soul as spirit. That's why the ideal of symeon's thinking coincides with contemplation, contemplation witch, in its turn, preserves the dialogic traits of the prayer. The true theologian's life is one of unending prayer, a permanent dialogue with god and a kind of state of sublime communication to god
Stauffacher, John. "La vie et l'oeuvre de John Smyth (1570?-1612)". Strasbourg 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20058.
Testo completoThe object of this study has been to organise and clarify the facts presently known concerning the life and doctrines of john smyth, the se-baptist, considered to be the father of the baptist movement. Differing views of baptist historians are presented, concerning smyth, anabaptism, and the origin of the baptists. The major events in smyth's life are reviewed: family tree, studies at cambridge, participation in the separatist movement, immigration to amsterdam (1608), and brief career ended by his death in 1612. The remainder of the study examines smyth's 12 writings treating them according to the three periods of the development of his thought (anglican-puritan, separatist, baptist-spiritualist) and dealing with the subjects to which he gives the most emphasis. While he was a calvinistic puritan, as well as during his last phase, smyth's major concerns were christology and soteriology. His separatist writings (1606-1609) are dominated by his new interest in ecclesiology. Smyth's revolutionary discoveries concerning the qualities of the true church during his separatist period (derived largely from robert browne) followed by his solution to the problem of a polluted church membership (believer's baptism) at the beginning of his baptist phase, lead to the heightened anthropology evident in the writings of the last three years of his life. At this stage he rejected original sin, calvinistic predestination, the satisfaction theory of the atonement, forensic justification, and adopted such beliefs as free will and the union-identification of believers with the triumphant christ, at the expense of the redemptive aspects of his work as substitute. In the final writings smyth makes god's love outweigh his holiness and models his christology along lines of influence from the waterlander mennonites but also strongly suggestive of schwenckfeld, the spiritualist. The one over-riding concern in all of smyth's writings was a theme he shared with many considered marginal by the established churches (puritans, separatists and anabaptists of all types): the qualities and conditions of authentic christian faith
Lantenois-Reggio, Claire. "Eléments d'une histoire du pardon : au croisement des discours historique et théologique". Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE5035.
Testo completoMerging historical and theological discourses, the idea is to understand how at the end of the 20th century the Roman Catholic Church placed greater emphasis on the idea of shared responsibility for social ills and undertook, in celebrating the year 2000, to ask for forgiveness for all past and present faults, with a view to renewing evangelisation. From the interventions of John Paul II and the churches in their national circumstances, the ecclesial institution revisited the history of Salvation dogma in the light of a theology of forgiveness and grace and wrote a new history of the Roman Catholic Church which offers its readers the vision of humanity reconciled within and by the Church. In parallel to Roman Catholic repentance, other (civil) structures have taken the collective forgiveness track, i. E. Political and historical, and mounted a certain show of repentance. The proliferation throughout the world of these scenes of repentance and forgiveness at the end of the second millennium were indicative of the universal urgency of memory and a deep desire to rebuild the human community
Déroche, Vincent. "Études sur Léontios de Néapolis". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040235.
Testo completoGounelle, Rémi. "L'institutionnalisation de la croyance en la descente du Christ aux enfers (310-550)". Université de Lausanne. Faculté de théologie et de sciences des religions, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPHE5020.
Testo completoDebru, Armelle. "La pensée physiologique : doctrines et langages de la respiration chez Galien à l'époque gréco-romaine". Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040122.
Testo completoThis study, focused on Galen, shows the theoretical, experimental and linguistic means used in ancient medicine in exploring a physiological function. Galen, defending the neuro-muscular and voluntary nature of thoracic movement, develops a doctrine of exchanges and equilibrium (symmetria) taking place in the pulmonary vessels, the heart and the brain. He gives a great importance to cutaneous respiration. Are studied in their context the galenic arguments and method. An important place is given, in this study, to textual analysis, and to Greek and Latin vocabulary. Pathology (dyspnoea, asphyxia, pestilence), hygiene (respiratory, vocal and spiritual exercises) are studied in their relationship with physiology
Ceccomori, Silvia. "Cent ans de yoga en France : étude socio-culturelle des modalités de réception des doctrines et techniques de yoga de 1895 à 1995". Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030005.
Testo completoBecause of the multiple ways and the diversity of the cultural groups that introduced it into the country, acceptance of yoga in france has taken on different patterns and modes, displaying a variety of intensities all along the period studied here : while the "intellectual" way first revealed yoga to the french, the "occultist" trend, and later on the adepts of "hatha-yoga" contributed a lot to make it popular ; hence the "spiritual" trend developped itself
Marin, Olivier. "La genèse du mouvement réformateur pragois : (années 1360-1419)". Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131025.
Testo completoZylbermann, Paul. "Les perceptions des ruptures historiques dans le monde juif (de la chute du second temple à l'émancipation)". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040121.
Testo completoThis work envisages Jewish religious and social reactions to ruptures that have upset the history of the Jewish people since the debut of the Christian era. Ruptures, that is to say events, that have concerned the complete Jewish population and have obliged a redefinition of its identity. The research starts from the destruction of the second temple (that left the Jewish people "to fend for itself"), and ends at the emancipation to the Jews of Europe to "return to history"). This invitation has since brought each Jew to determine the "identity price" that he is ready to pay for his integration. The great contemporary ruptures that affect the Jewish world (sionism and shoah) have purposely not been studied. Nevertheless, we hope that this research will be an element for the study of these events
Tajadod, Nahal. "Mani, le Bouddha de lumière : le compendium des doctrines et règles de la religion du Bouddha de lumière, Mani". INALCO, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INAL0008.
Testo completoThe compendium of the doctrines and styles of the teaching of Mani, the Buddha of light was written in 731. Starting with a biography of the founder, his dogmatic system, the principles of dualism, the depicting of Mani's Heptateuch as well as the image, the presentation of ecclesiastical rules, the sacerdotal hierarchy as well as the communal disciplines, this document thus supplies a full account of Chinese Manichaeism. The goal pursued by the writer of the text was to adorn his doctrine with such colours as to make it easy to follow for a population already impregnated by Taoism and Buddhism. To this end, and non contented with just using vocabulary drawn from Buddhist thought and theology, he strove successfully to make of Mani an avatar of the Buddha and of Laozi. The understanding of Chinese Manichaeism must first begin with the study of Mahayana Buddhism, which acted as a theological vehicle for the religion of light. This is how Mani, like a Buddhist Arhat, pronounces the "formulas of refuge", understands the "four noble truths", the "five skandhas" and the "eightfold noble path". Like a bodhisattva, he realizes the void and the awakening, like the Buddha he reaches nirvana. Yet the originality of the text lies in the fact that in spite of its borrowings from Buddhism, the document, because of its radical dualism remains a Manichean writing, containing its own Pahlavi vocabulary and rises from the depth of the Iranian soul
Decousu, Laurence. "Le De rebaptismate et la réconciliation des hérétiques en Occident du IIIe au VIIe siècle : recours à des rites pénitentiels et baptismaux". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20056.
Testo completoThis dissertation traces the history of the procedure which reconciled a non-catholic with the Church from the 3rd to the 7th c. The first part provides the first French translation of a little known African text from the 3rd c. , the De rebaptismate. This text helps to show that heretics, who had received the rites of initiation outside the Church, and also Catholics who had fallen away under persecution, were all reconciled at this time, not only by a penitential absolution, but also by a laying on of hands intended to give them the Holy Spirit, whom they had never received (heretics) or had lost (Catholic lapsi). The second part studies the development of this procedure up to the 7th c. This study interest the ancient penitential system and also picks out the fractures that are at the origin of the divorce between the bases of the modern theologies of confirmation and the sacramental economy in the early western Church. It should therefore help to resolve numerous current questions
Alexandre, Monique. "Eschatologie et création". Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040290.
Testo completoThe study of death and after death's representations in Gregory of Nyssa allows measuring the contribution of christianized pagan legacy, of the apologetic traditions, the working of new stances in the debate about Origen. Through various literary genres, there appear various levels of language and argumentation, either inducing faith, or exploring, beyond dogma, the open questions. The comparison with contemporary testimonies shows significant variations. The hidden death of Anthony is far from the burial ad martyres of the monks-bishops. The pagan consolation of immortality, christianized, opens itself on the metamorphosis of body, after the salutary death (de mortuis). The preaching of fear paints the terrifying court; in the treatises, the judgement fades away, in the apocatastasis'prospect; the fire of chastisement, before the purification. In the homilies, testimonia, traditional arguments for resurrection (god creating and recreating, natures analogies) unfold the triumph of Easter liturgy. The theological reflexion in oratio catechetica is based on incarnation-resurrection of Christ, co-resurrecting man
Badilita, Cristian. "Les métamorphoses de l'Antichrist chez les Pères de l'Église". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040065.
Testo completoThe present dissertation surveys the evolution of the Antichrist myth from Mark 13 to the synthesis by Theodoret of Cyrus. In Irenaeus of Lyon the Endtyrant has an anti-heretic and anti-Jewish function. For Hippolytus, the Roman Empire is an ambivalent reality embodying at the same time the Antichrist and the katéchon. With Origenes, the metaphysical dimension overwhelms the eschatologic one : his Antichrist is above all the pseudo-logos invented by pseudo-exegetes. Victorinus of Pettau and Commodianus identify the Antichrist with Nero rediuiuus, whereas Lactantius deems such an identification absurd. For Cyril of Jerusalem, the Antichrist is one of the devil's organon, just as for the author of the homily De consummatione mundi he is the very incarnation of Satan. Jerome's vision of the myth remains traditional. The great revolution is owed to Augustine for whom each believer is a possible Antichrist insofar as his life does not follow the teachings of the Christ. Theodoret of Cyrus operates the final synthesis of all the patristic traditions
Crette, Robert. "Les grandes fonctions mentales chez Abhinavagupta". Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040079.
Testo completoAbhinavagupta, a philosopher of Cashmere - end of Xth century beginning of the XIth century - was regarded by his contemporaries as a thinker of genius who managed to synthesize various doctrines: tantrism of different tendencies, Jainism, Tibetan and Chinese Buddhism, all alive in the neighboring territories. He belongs to the sivaite current of this Northern Province which studied closely the human psyche. Our knowledge, starting from our perception and memories, achieves itself in the speech act, which derives from an original energy regained by uttering mantras: it is, as the Greek would say, an anabasis which takes us back to the first principle. Thus, there is a creative move bearing here on activities of the yoga type which aims at developing latent faculties. The imagination is then summoned. Once the awareness of the mantras what we have is not, as Sankara thought, a subject who beard the states of mood. This consciousness gets hold of itself indefinitely: it is vimarsa. This freedom corresponds to a will, one of the basic mental functions, the desire must be sublimated and then brings us relief, the pleasures (bhoga) raise us to a state of bliss and serenity (ânanda), but we do not renounce the world
Fauvarque, Bernard. "Fin de Rome, fin du monde ? L'évolution des conceptions eschatologiques de la fin de Rome de Marc Aurèle à Anastase". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040235.
Testo completoThe book of revelation and more generally the eschatological material was of great importance throughout the troubled times of the Roman Empire from the time of Marc Aurele. Their anti-roman contents was progressively weakened by the church in search of closer bonds with the roman state. The empire's conversion to Christianity and the renovatio imperii illustrated by the foundation of a "new Rome" in the east during the IVth century, confirmed such a tendency ; the new state seemed to be the very place where eschatological hopes would be realized. Nevertheless, predictions of all kinds continued to circulate, revived in different ways by pagan reaction, heterodox movements and even by the monastic movement, hostile to a church which had widely established itself in the "saeculum". Vth century's barbarian invasions were largely viewed as signs announcing the end of the world, in spite of the dedramatization undertaken by st Augustine. The eschatological and millenarianist interpretation of the facts were nevertheless at the origin of a more positive view of the "barbarian". The latter finally opened the way to the birth of a new Christian kingdom, the kingdom of francs -born on the ruins of the Western Roman Empire
Humbrecht, Thierry-Dominique. "Théologie négative et noms divins chez saint Thomas d'Aquin". Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE5041.
Testo completoNegative theology endeavors to designate all that cannot be said about God. The question is that of the articulation and of the respective extension of what can be asserted, and of what must be negated. Do the attributes of perfection referred to God attain Him in truth, or must one go beyond them? Are they the object of a speculative labour or of a mystical union, which cannot be put in words? And what about the vocabulary of “negative theology” absent in many author? Negative theology is the object of a large and renewed research. Platonism and its reception, medieval authors, and, above all, the heideggerian reading of the history of metaphysics concur to this renewed research. Thomas Aquinas is at the intersection of these questionings. Is there a negative theology in the works of Saint Thomas? And if there is one, which one is it? Can it be identified with the question of the divine names? “Of God, we know not what He is, but only what He is not”: this Thomistic formula, which has become emblematic, comes from Plotinus (through Augustine, Damascene, and Maimonides). Is Thomas original? To find out, one must situate him among his contemporaries. More over, the risk is to take in consideration only a few famous texts, rather than to ascertain their insertion in the works, and the insertion of each work in the entire corpus. A global and comparative study had yet to be done. God, Saint Thomas tells us, is “totally unknown” for us. However, his negative theology seems rather to be e negative way. The set of negative modalities is brought to confirm the primacy of the positive attribution of the divine attributes of perfection as it corrects it
Guion, Béatrice. "Pierre Nicole moraliste : l'humain en question". Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040229.
Testo completoMy thesis relates to Pierre Nicole’s moral writings (1625-1695). He was a member of the port-royal group and wrote many controversial works. He also left the “Essais de morale” which were widely read till the French Revolution. Against the advances of molinism and secular ethics, Nicole is concentrated on reasserting the basic principles of augustinism in theology and morals. My work studies the nature and the implications of this reassessment of traditional augustinism. Its purpose is to show how Nicole expresses the concerns of Christian consciousness in a period which was not only Augustinian but also Cartesian and whose main concern was man. The age-old legacy of Augustinian thought is altered both by Cartesian rationalism and by an approach which frees itself from theocentrism and gives priority to the human point of view. Nicole is more concerned by the consequences of dogmas for the daily life than by dogmas for the own sake: he plays an important part in the progress of Christian apologetics towards morals in the second half of the seventeenth century. Moreover, the practical concern of the moralist, who is willing to exercise an influence upon behaviors, makes him an accomplished practitioner of the form in his writings because their audience depends on it. In order to define the specificity of Nicole’s work it is also necessary to situate it in relation to the forms of the seventeenth century moral writings. My work, being at the point where the history of ideas and the history of forms converge, is strengthened by the conviction that one cannot be apprehended without the other
Driscoll, Michael S. "Alcuin et la pénitence à l'époque carolingienne". Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040117.
Testo completoThe subject of the thesis is two-fold: the time of Alcuin, which is exceedingly complex and fluid regarding penitential practices; and Alcuin’s personality, spirituality and the place of penitence within his spirituality, which make him a master of metanoia both for his contemporaries and for posterity. The thesis is so organized around four axes drawn from Alcuin’s response to Benedict of Aniane's question as to what Alcuin prayed for, when he prayed for himself: "this I ask of Christ: lord, let me be conscious of my sins; confess them; accomplish a sincere penance for them; and from them let me be pardoned" (Vita Alchuini). At the risk of exaggerating the logical organization of this sentence attributed to Alcuin, I use it to introduce the four principal axes: biographical - the life of a person who is gifted yet who remains lucid; sacramental - the means of living as a free person while conforming to the demands of the church; spiritual - the gradual and deep renunciation of the world for the kingdom; theological - the understanding which recognizes little by little the gifts of god. The vigor, density in meaning and simplicity of these words make them a short summa of his penitential thought, and for this reason present them as a leitmotiv. Such a personalist approach can complete a pure institutional one which we often find in the history of penance
Hallak, Aziz. "Libre arbitre et prédestination dans l'islam et le christianisme oriental arabe, VIIe-XIIIe siècle". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040075.
Testo completoThe human person's relationship with God is the main preoccupation of any religion. Now this relation is conceived as having two aspects: free will and predetermination. This is why this question has been the subject of discussion and controversy in the history of religious thought and became early on a subject of discussion between Muslim Mutakallimuns and Christian theologians belonging to the different eastern churches. The present work intends to introduce this interreligious debate by presenting texts of some of the Christian authors who wrote in Arabic. While defending human free will, these authors tried to reconcile it with the divide omnipotence, with god's foreknowledge and providence. At the same time, they tried to respond to existential questions like the problem of evil and the inequalities among persons. And they attempted, finally, to present the Christian conception of the relationship between God and the human person
Borde, Hubert. "Gérard de Bologne, O. Carm. (+1317) : sa conception de la théologie et la puissance de Dieu". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040222.
Testo completoGerard of Bologna—Prior General of the Carmelite order during twenty-one years at the beginning of the 14th century—is the first Parisian theologian of his order (1295). His intellectual personality still remains relatively unknown. The goal of this study is to present the figure of Gerard of Bologna, as well as his conception of the doctrina sacra and of the power of God, and to propose a critical edition of some of his major texts treating the potentia Dei. The proposed methodology is that of rereading within context some of the questions raised by Gerard of Bologna, especially in light of the connection between philosophy and theology. This connection is, in fact, representative of the transformations of medieval thought in the first two decades of the 14th century, the epoch in which Gerard taught and wrote. The conception of the sacra doctrina and the doctrine of the potentia Dei are two excellent view points from which to identify the tensions between theology and philosophical rationality at the beginning of the 14th century. Following a century of historiography, of research and of editions, this study also proposes an evaluation and a renewed and updated monograph of the Carmelite theologian, author of Quodlibeta defended in Paris and in Avignon between 1309 and 1312, as well as a Summa theologiae, written between 1313 and 1317. Relegated to the status of a “history of the states of reason” (Paul Vignaux), the thought of Gerard of Bologna represents an original form of rationality, which does not depend simply upon natural reason, a theological rationality which insists upon the relation to the light of faith and to Revelation
Robert, Jean-Noël. "Les doctrines de l'ecole japonaise tendai au debut du 9e siecle : le hokke-shu gi shu de gishin". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070114.
Testo completoThe tendai school of buddhism, born in china in the 6th cent. Ad, was officially recognized as an independent school in japan at the beginning of the 9th cent. , due to the efforts of the japanese monk saicho. Tendai played an important part in the evolution of non-indian buddhist thought of the 3 major far-eastern countries, china, korea, japan. In our days, the school still exists independently only in japan, where it boasts hundreds of temples and monasteries and thousands of monks. Our study aims at showing the state of tendai dogmatics as it is attested in japan in the work of monk gishin (781-833), well known for being the first patriarch (zasu) of japanese tendai, but still somehow shrouded in mystery. The major part of our work is devoted to the translation and comentary to the treatise compiled by gishin and presented to the imperial court around 830, the tendai hokke-shu gi shu or "compendium of the doctrines of the lotus school tendai", which we compare with its chinese sources as well as with two other texts, a korean one from the 10th century (the ch'ontae sakyo-ui) and a chinese one of the 8th cent. (the bajiao dayi) ; both were well known in japan, the former even getting to be there the most wide-spread introductory manual to the school. We thus were able to evidence the breadth of gishin's work, his orthodoxy, together with his method of outting and rehandling his sources, which illustrates a remarkable expertise for a man who was but the first in japan to systematize the maze of tendai doctrines. That brought us to ask ourselves why this work did not enjoy in its own country the success it deserved. It was a question for history to answer and we established in our historical inquiry that gishin was definitely not a second-rate character but an important personality who got involved in internal strives inside the school, where his supporters were defeated. His work fell victim to its author's fate and thus remained neglected for a long time, to the point that our thesis is the first overall study bearing on it
Turgeon, Andréanne. "Un idéal de société chrétienne à la fin du XVIIe siècle : la notion de charité et la mise en place d'une praxis réformée d'après les traités de morale de Jean La Placette". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28623/28623.pdf.
Testo completoChing, Chao-Jung. "Recherches sur les documents séculiers tokharien : économie bouddhique et société dans la région de Kucha". Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4053.
Testo completoThis study is an attempt to analyze the documents in Tocharian B (i. E. Kuchean), especially the unpublished corpus. They include administrative documents, accounts, letters, etc. The main concern is to treat the documents that are the most interesting for our research considering the social, political and economic aspects of the pre-Islamic Kucha kingdom, one of the most important oasis on the Silk Road. The predominant interest lies in the studies of Buddhist economy, because most Kuchean documents have been excavated at the sites of monasteries. Thus, 241 pieces of Kuchean documents are collected, transcribed and translated in this thesis with numerous references to other texts in Tocharian, Chinese, and other languages. Among the most interesting findings, some terms that can reflect the Chinese government under the Tang and the local material life are treated. Accordingly, the terminus ante quem of most Kuchean documents written on paper is probably in the early 9th century. Among the currently available data, some economic facts about local monks and monasteries are detected. Their activities include sale and purchase of property, land rental, hiring, milling and oil pressing. Some monasteries may have owned farms or manors, and perhaps they were engaged in usury. One of the most remarkable phenomenon is the significant activity of some lay people of Sogdian origin
Thébault, Emma. "La ville à fleur d'eau : doctrines, techniques et aménagements de l'eau de pluie et des cours d'eau dans l'agglomération parisienne, 1970-2015". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H100.
Testo completoSince the 2010s, strategic local policies concerning urban resilience and biodiversity support are being promoted, focusing on ways to renew urban water management. Research points however, to the low effectiveness or efficiency of such urban environmental policies, and questions the need of renewing the relationship between the environment and the city. Other researches put forward that a major change occurs in urban rainwater management since the 1970s. We follow the idea of an ecological and climatic transformation of rainwater and urban rivers management since the 1970s. Three hypotheses underlie this thesis. First, based on ecological and climatic principles, a technical management doctrine transforms the urban water engineering. Secondly, urban hydrology has experienced a shift, carried out by new techniques. Thirdly, this technical doctrine has extended to urban planning and design. We tested the hypotheses by the study of a corpus of guides and technical documents produced between 1970 and 2015; of an inventory of techniques; and of five case-studies, completed with interviews with professionals. The study found that ecology is present, but as an auxiliary to sanitation principles. An ecological ethic is incorporated into technical doctrines : the use of living organisms in engineering is partially based their supposed superior effectiveness in spatial planning. The hydrology of the Paris metropolitan area seems to be marginally evolving. Urban neighborhoods are not transformed by water management : urban water spaces and facilities remain tenuous, discontinuous, underlying and preceded by other logics of spatial organization
Sahin, Can. "L'influence des écrivains français sur les doctrines littéraires des romanciers turcs de la période de la modernisation et les réalisations". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA028.
Testo completoNovel is a gift to Turkish literature of the period of modernization. Changing social and political events undoubtedly affects on literary form. 19th century in the Ottoman Empire at dizzying speeds where there is a period of development and change. During this period, France is almost like a pop-up window of the Ottoman Empire in Europe. Place a thousand years of classical Turkish literature in the European model is replaced with a new understanding of literature. In this change French literature has been exemplary in litrature. In this study, the period of Reformation French influence in Turkish literature has been examined from a broader perspective. The causes of the French influence in Turkish literature and its reflections have tried to read through the first Turkish novel. For the first time in this process, beginning with the translation of the French novel of French romanticism, French realism and French naturalism led to the Turkish author. This academic endeavour is carried out on the texts of French writer of which direction they affect Turkish writer has been demonstrated in a detailed manner
Vigne, Daniel. "La relation infinie : la philosophie de Lanza del Vasto (1901-1981)". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040052.
Testo completoLanza del Vasto, well known as a writer and a man of action, is not so much as a philosopher. And yet he graduated as a Philosophy Doctor of Pisa University (1928) and he worked all his life in order to build up a system the main lines of which are to be found in La Trinité spirituelle (1971). Between those two dates, the writer put down in notebooks thousands of thoughts which have not yet been published, and wrote various manuscripts of high philosophical trend, which have not yet been studied by anyone. The writer of the present Thesis, who has known Lanza del Vasto personally, has had an access to those archives and translated most of the texts from the Italian. His research amounts to a synthesis of great number of unpublished texts, and is a complete presentation of the theoretical philosophy of Lanza del Vasto, in three parts : I. Aesthetics. Sensitiveness and the Arts. This part gives value to the sensitive part of spiritual life, offers a ternary system of Arts, and a study on Eros as an art of loving. II. Epistemics. Intelligence and Science. Those chapters display the field of rational and scientific knowledge from its abstract forms (Mathematics, Space, Time, and Movement) up to its concrete aspects (Matter, Energy, Vegetal and Animal Life), thus making up a complete and systematically unified cosmology. III. Metaphysics. Spirit and Knowledge. This longest part deals with philosophical knowledge as such. It successively tackles the inner or subjective polarity (the Ego), the external or objective polarity (the Being), and their balancing link (the Relationship). It includes a critical discussion of the philosophies of Descartes, Kant and Hegel. The whole philosophy of Lanza del Vasto, based upon a relational and Trinitarian ontology, establishes a resounding pattern between the various levels of being and the person. It is and important witness of French spiritualist philosophy in the XXth century
Thiam, Mbaye Alassane. "L'histoire de l'enseignement et de la pédagogie coranique au Fuuta-Tooro : L'école de Cilon : son histoire et son influence (XVIIIe-XXe siècle)". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070137.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we have studied the history of the teaching and pedagogy of the coran. It's a method which is generally used in western africa and specifically in fuuta-tooro. Among the nine chapters of this thesis, we have just studied the classical system of the coranic education in fuuta-tooro, which is a republic of senegal. Chapter 1 deals with the islamic schools before the 18th. Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are devoted to the history and the influence of the cilon school, and also to the followers of this latters foundator. As to the chapter 9, we have stressed on the used pedagogy in this type of teaching by insisting on the technical terms used in the fulani language
Colot, Blandine. "Pietas dans la transformation religieuse du IVe siècle. L'apport de Lactance, le Cicéron chrétien". Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040222.
Testo completoThis thesis results of a study on the semantism of the word Latin pietas in the fourth century, which began when Constantin legitimated the Christianity. This notion designed in pagan culture the disposition to respect his duties towards parents, fatherland (then, emperor), and gods. In the Christian language pietas designs cultus dei, and the other senses have place in a secondary ground. This evolution is historically effected with Augustine, but in fact, the process of this evolution begins with Lactance, the author of the institutiones diuinae, who tries to "legitimate" the Christian use of Latin. The apologist questions the thought of Cicero, and also of his contemporaneous about Ius naturale, religio. Indeed, questions of right are questions of religion in rom. Pietas is in the found of the Lactantius' reflexion: this notion contents a "familial" logic, which shall guarantee, for the apologist, justice among the "human family". These "rational" arguments of Lactance were strong towards the pagans. So, while the church was legitimated, Lactance organised the new "semantic field" of pietas: humanitas, misericordia, justitia and caritas. The Christian evolution of semantism of pietas shall be achieved with Ambrosius, Hieronymus and Augustine
Robic-de, Baecque Sylvie. "Le salut par l'excès : analyse d'une poétique de la dévotion dans l'oeuvre de Jean-Pierre Camus (1608-1652)". Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHESA001.
Testo completoThis thesis examines the complex connections between literature and religion in catholicism stemming from the council of trent, through the works of one of the most astonishing individuals of the first half of the seventeenth century in france, jean-pierre camus. An active bishop as well as a prolific novelist, camus was the author of a series of works written between 1620 and 1644, entitled "histories devotes", which exhibit close links between fiction and spirituality. This thesis examines how these paradoxical narrations use varied procedures -subtle devout traps- to convert their readers, and how such poetics of devotion are developed for the specific audience imagined as "honnetes gens" (honorable people). The "histoires devotes" also raise questions about the text of an experience : the relationship between an experience of writing or reading and a religious experience. This study is organized in four parts. The first part considers how camus's religious thought was influenced by francois de sales. A second part considers the reformation of reading recommended by camus, in which recreation is mingled with piety. The third part scrutinizes the poetics of the "histoires devotes". The fourth part suggests an allegorical interpretation of the stories, and concludes with questions about the implications of reading in the practices of spirituality
Stavrou, Michel, e Nicéphore Blemmydès. "La doctrine trinitaire de Nicéphore Blemmydès (1197-v. 1269) : histoire, édition critique, traduction et commentaire des textes théologiques". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040165.
Testo completoHistory, critical edition, translation and commentary of the theological writings of Nicephorus Blemmydes (1197-c. 1269), monk philosopher of the Nicean Empire ; three writings were unpublished. The most original works are his two treatises on the procession of the Holy Spirit, which we date in 1255-1256, in which he supports the terms of several Greek Fathers, according to which the Spirit proceeds from the Father through the Son (Per Filium). This doctrine means, according to him, that the Spirit owes his existence from the Father alone and "shines eternally" through the Son upon whom the rests. In his desire to reconcile the Per Filium with both the procession of the Spirit from the Father alone (Photius) and the initial intuition of the Filioque which is to promote the eternal relationship between the Son and the Spirit, Blemmydes offered a solution to the ancient dogmatic quarrel between Greek monopatrism and latin filioquism. His sincere desire for religious union between Greeks and latins explains why the Byzantine unionists claimed to follow his teaching at the time of the Lyons II Council (1274) ; nevertheless his pneumatology inspired that which was officially adopted by the Byzantine Church in 1285, formulated by the anti-unionist patriarch Gregory of Cyprus, a precursor of the theology of Gregory Palamas
Asselin, Nicolas. "Ni Romain, ni Arabe, Moundar bar Hareth, roi des Tayyés : quand l'Arabie était chrétienne". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67123.
Testo completoCillières, Hélène. "La place et le statut des femmes dans les communautés chrétiennes des deux premiers siècles en milieux judéen et gréco-romain : approche historique comparative des sources antiques". Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5001.
Testo completoDespite the growing number and strength of feminist studies, historical studies on the issue of women in Antiquity are really lacking nowadays. The approach proposed here is based on a historical and comparative reading of sources which bring elements on the place of women in the first two centuries. First of all, we try to distinguish, by the analysis of the roman, judaean and rabbinic legal literature, the points of inspiration and the bases of the Christian writers’thought on the question of the status of women in society. Lastly, we propose a argued presentation of the Christian sources which give indications on the place, titles and functions occupied by women in the Christian communities. Thus, the legal status of women, belonging to the Christian milieu, is certainly not a criteria which discriminate the other communities existing in the Roman empire. Indeed, the major question of the guardianship, with no doubt incited women to enter the Judaean nation, but not specifically the Messianic communities. However, with regard to the important presence of women in the Christian communities, it is possible to consider, as an explanation, the fact that the first Christians take into account the social questions, concerning particularly the women. While cohabiting with the surrounding groups, from which even some of their members come from, the christian communities seem to have proposed an "alternative" to certain elements of societal nature, especially concerning the family domain
Tamas, Sophie. "Greater boldness, radical storytelling with Canadian Bahá'í women". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36877.pdf.
Testo completo