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Kotha, Sambasivarao, Milind Meshram, Priti Khedkar, Shaibal Banerjee e Deepak Deodhar. "Recent applications of ring-rearrangement metathesis in organic synthesis". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 11 (7 ottobre 2015): 1833–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.11.199.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ring-rearrangement metathesis (RRM) involves multiple metathesis processes such as ring-opening metathesis (ROM)/ring-closing metathesis (RCM) in a one-pot operation to generate complex targets. RRM delivers complex frameworks that are difficult to assemble by conventional methods. The noteworthy point about this type of protocol is multi-bond formation and it is an atom economic process. In this review, we have covered literature that appeared during the last seven years (2008–2014).
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Roscales, Silvia, e Joaquín Plumet. "Ring Rearrangement Metathesis in 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene (7-Oxanorbornene) Derivatives. Some Applications in Natural Product Chemistry". Natural Product Communications 12, n. 5 (maggio 2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200517.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Metathesis reactions is firmly established as a valuable synthetic tool in organic chemistry, clearly comparable with the venerable Diels-Alder and Wittig reactions and, more recently, with the metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Metathesis reactions can be considered as a fascinating synthetic methodology, allowing different variants regarding substrate (alkene and alkyne metathesis) and type of metathetical reactions. On the other hand, tandem metathesis reactions such Ring Rearrangement Metathesis (RRM) and the coupling of metathesis reaction with other reactions of alkenes such as Diels-Alder or Heck reactions, makes metathesis one of the most powerful and reliable synthetic procedure. In particular, Ring-Rearrangement Metathesis (RRM) refers to the combination of several metathesis transformations into a domino process such as ring-opening metathesis (ROM)/ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and ROM-cross metathesis (CM) in a one-pot operation. RRM delivers complex frameworks that are difficult to assemble by conventional methods constitutingan atom economic process. RRM is applicable to mono- and polycyclic systems of varying ring sizes such as cyclopropene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, pyran systems, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene derivatives, bicyclo[2.2.2]octene derivatives, bicyclo[3.2.1]octene derivatives and bicyclo[3.2.1]octene derivatives. In this review our attention has focused on the RRM reactions in 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene derivatives and on their application in the synthesis of natural products or significant subunits of them.
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Wang, D. H., A. Yao, H. Zhao e D. J. DiPette. "Regulation of ANG II receptor in hypertension: role of ANG II". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271, n. 1 (1 luglio 1996): H120—H125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.1.h120.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To investigate the role of angiotensin II (ANG II) in the development of hypertension induced by reduced renal mass (RRM) and the gene expression of ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptors in the remnant renal tissue, four groups of rats were given 1% NaCl in water and subjected to RRM, RRM+ ramipril, RRM+ losartan, or sham surgery (control). Tail-cuff systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in RRM rats than in the other three groups. Northern blot showed that AT1 gene expression was significantly decreased in RRM, RRM + ramipril, or RRM + losartan vs. control. There was no significant difference among the three RRM groups. Renal transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) mRNA levels were increased threefold (P < 0.05) in RRM, RRM+ ramipril, and RRM+ losartan vs. control. There was no significant difference among the three RRM groups. We conclude that the development of RRM hypertension is ANG II dependent but not mediated by AT1 gene expression. RRM downregulates AT1 mRNA and upregulates TGF-beta 1 mRNA in the remnant renal tissue, regardless of blood pressure or plasma levels of ANG II, suggesting that these gene responses are triggered by an effect of local injury.
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Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette Anna Maria, Maartje Hooning, Christi J. van Asperen, Margreet GEM Ausems, Margriet Collée, Liesbeth Jansen, Marleen Kets et al. "Efficacy of risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) on overall survival (OS) in BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer (BC) patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n. 15_suppl (20 maggio 2013): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.1502.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
1502 Background: RRM in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with a history of unilateral BC significantly reduces the risk of developing contralateral BC (CBC). However, the outcome regarding OS is insufficiently known. Methods: The efficacy of RRM on CBC incidence and OS was studied in a Dutch multicenter cohort consisting of 515 BRCA-associated BC patients (399 BRCA1, 116 BRCA2) of whom 177 BRCA1 and 48 BRCA2 carriers underwent RRM. Data on patient, tumor and treatment characteristics were collected up to June 30, 2012. Women contributed person-years of observation (PYO) to the Non-RRM group from the date of primary BC (PBC) diagnosis or DNA diagnosis (whichever came last) to the date of death, RRM, or last contact. Contribution of PYO to the RRM group started at the date of RRM until similar endpoints as described for the Non-RRM group. Results: Regarding PBC, no significant differences in size, nodal status, differentiation grade, hormone and Her2Neu receptor, and endocrine therapy were observed between the Non-RRM and RRM group. Median age of PBC diagnosis was 42 years for Non-RRM and 38 for RRM women (p<0.001). Median time period between PBC and RRM was 2.3 years (range 0.02-20.1). PBC treatment included radiotherapy for 68% of Non-RRM versus 50% of RRM women (p< 0.001). Compared to Non-RRM, chemotherapy was more often given to RRM women (66% versus 49%; p<0.001), and more RRM women underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (81% versus 67%; p<0.001), while ovarian cancer incidence was not different. With a median FU of 11.7 years after PBC diagnosis, 58 CBC cases were observed in Non-RRM women, while 4 CBC cases occurred after RRM, yielding incidence rates (per 1000 PYO) of 30.6 and 2.5, respectively (adjusted HR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.24). In the Non-RRM group 45 women died during 2408 PYO versus 17 women in the RRM group during 1756 PYO, yielding mortality rates (per 1000 PYO) of 18.9 and 9.7, respectively (adjusted HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32-0.99). 10 year OS was 80% for the Non-RRM and 90% for the RRM group (p=0.008). Conclusions: RRM in BRCA mutation carriers with unilateral BC reduces CBC incidence and is associated with improved OS. Further research is needed to identify potential prognostic factors for this survival benefit.
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Yamauchi, Hideko, Chizuko Nakagawa, Makoto Kobayashi, Yusuke Kobayashi, Toshiki Mano, Seigo Nakamura e Masami Arai. "Cost-effectiveness of surveillance and prevention strategies in BRCA 1/2 mutation carriers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, n. 15_suppl (20 maggio 2017): e13051-e13051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
e13051 Background: Cost-effectiveness analysis is important in healthcare, especially in Japan, where preventive measures for carriers of BRCA 1/2 mutations are not covered by health insurance. Methods: We developed Markov models in a simulated cohort of women aged 35–70, and compared outcomes of surveillance with risk-reducing mastectomy at age 35 (RRM), risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy at age 45 (RRSO), and both (RRM&RRSO), with quality adjustment. We used breast and ovarian cancer incidence, and adverse event rates from previous studies, adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy rates from Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Registration 2015, mortality rates from the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan Society of Clinical Oncology and Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, and direct costs in 2016 Japanese yen from St. Luke’s International Hospital and Keio University Hospital. We used preference ratings for both of mutation carriers and controls (without known high risk) from a published study to adjust survival for quality of life (QALYs). Discount rate was 2%. Results: Compared with surveillance, RRSO and RRM & RRSO were dominant (cost-saving and more effective) and RRM was cost effective for BRCA 1 mutation carriers. RRM and RRM & RRSO were dominant, and RRSO was cost effective for BRCA 2 mutation carriers. Among four strategies including surveillance, RRM & RRSO was the most cost effective for BRCA 1 mutation carriers and RRM was the most cost effective for BRCA 2 mutation carriers based on preference ratings of controls. Conclusions: With quality adjustment, all the preventive strategies (RRM, RRSO and RRM&RRSO) were cost effective for BRCA 1 and 2. Using QALYs from the control group, RRM & RRSO for BRCA 1 and RRM for BRCA 2 were the most cost effective. We will use this result to promote insurance coverage for BRCA mutations carriers in Japan.
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Teixeira, B. B., R. R. Mota, R. B. Lôbo, L. P. Silva, A. P. Souza Carneiro, F. G. Silva, G. C. Caetano e F. F. Silva. "Genetic evaluation of growth traits in Nellore cattle through multi-trait and random regression models". Czech Journal of Animal Science 63, No. 6 (25 maggio 2018): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2017-cjas.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We aimed to evaluate different orders of fixed and random effects in random regression models (RRM) based on Legendre orthogonal polynomials as well as to verify the feasibility of these models to describe growth curves in Nellore cattle. The proposed RRM were also compared to multi-trait models (MTM). Variance components and genetic parameters estimates were performed via REML for all models. Twelve RRM were compared through Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria. The model of order three for the fixed curve and four for all random effects (direct genetic, maternal genetic, permanent environment, and maternal permanent environment) fits best. Estimates of direct genetic, maternal genetic, maternal permanent environment, permanent environment, phenotypic and residual variances were similar between MTM and RRM. Heritability estimates were higher via RRM. We presented perspectives for the use of RRM for genetic evaluation of growth traits in Brazilian Nellore cattle. In general, moderate heritability estimates were obtained for the majority of studied traits when using RRM. Additionally, the precision of these estimates was higher when using RRM instead of MTM. However, concerns about the variance components estimates in advanced ages via Legendre polynomial must be taken into account in future studies.
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Yamada, K., A. Goto, C. Hui, N. Yagi, H. Nagoshi, M. Sasabe e T. Sugimoto. "Role of ouabainlike compound in rats with reduced renal mass-saline hypertension". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, n. 4 (1 aprile 1994): H1357—H1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.4.h1357.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ouabainlike compound (OLC) has recently been identified as a likely mammalian endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) from human plasma. In this study, plasma levels of OLC were determined to assess the role of OLC in a model known as volume-expanded, reduced renal mass (RRM)-saline (S) hypertension in rats with use of a newly developed radioimmunoassay for ouabain. In the first experiment, at 3 wk after subtotal nephrectomy and drinking 1% saline solution, sysolic blood pressure (SBP) of 18 rats with reduced renal mass (RRM-S rats) was significantly higher than in 17 sham-operated saline-drinking control (C-S) rats [154 +/- 4 (SE) vs. 132 +/- 2 mmHg; P < 0.01]. Plasma OLC levels were 355 +/- 68 pmol/l in RRM-S rats, sevenfold higher than in C-S rats (54 +/- 4 pmol/l; P < 0.01). In the second experiment, we measured plasma OLC levels of 10 RRM-S, 12 sham-operated control (C), and 10 subtotally nephrectomized rats drinking distilled water (RRM rats). Concomitant with a marked increase in blood pressure (203 +/- 5 mmHg), RRM-S rats showed significantly higher plasma OLC levels compared with C and RRM rats (RRM-S 114 +/- 24, C 47 +/- 11, and RRM 52 +/- 9 pmol/l; P < 0.05). In both experiments, plasma OLC levels correlated significantly with SBP (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that plasma OLC shows a similar behavior to that of EDLFs or Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase inhibitors reported in previous publications and may play a role in hypertensive mechanisms in rats with RRM and excess Na intake.
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Kashyap, Maruthi, Akshay Kumar Ganguly e Neel Sarovar Bhavesh. "Sequence-specific resonance assignments of human TAF15-RRM and TAF15-RRM-RanBP2". Biomolecular NMR Assignments 9, n. 1 (22 marzo 2014): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12104-014-9553-3.
Testo completo
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Liu, Zhizhen, Hong Chen, Yan Li e Qi Zhang. "Taxi Demand Prediction Based on a Combination Forecasting Model in Hotspots". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (21 luglio 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1302586.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Accurate taxi demand prediction can solve the congestion problem caused by the supply-demand imbalance. However, most taxi demand studies are based on historical taxi trajectory data. In this study, we detected hotspots and proposed three methods to predict the taxi demand in hotspots. Next, we compared the predictive effect of the random forest model (RFM), ridge regression model (RRM), and combination forecasting model (CFM). Thereafter, we considered environmental and meteorological factors to predict the taxi demand in hotspots. Finally, the importance of indicators was analyzed, and the essential elements were the time, temperature, and weather factors. The results indicate that the prediction effect of CFM is better than those of RFM and RRM. The experiment obtains the relationship between taxi demand and environment and is helpful for taxi dispatching by considering additional factors, such as temperature and weather.
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Saho, Kenshi. "Steady-State Performance Analysis of Tracking Filter Using LFM Waveforms and Range-Rate Measurement". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (4 dicembre 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9487581.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The steady-state performance of a moving-object tracking filter is theoretically analyzed, assuming the simultaneous measurement of the range and range-rate (RRM system), and the use of linear frequency modulated (LFM) waveforms (RRM-LFM filter). An efficient analytical steady-state performance index, called an RMS index, is derived for the RRM-LFM filter to clarify the steady-state range prediction errors, theoretically. Using the derived RMS index, the optimal performance of the RRM-LFM filter is analyzed. The performance variation due to the use of LFM waveforms is clarified for the RRM tracking system. The theoretical performance analysis verifies that the measured range-rate significantly improves the tracking accuracy, compared to the conventional range-only measuring LFM tracking filter. Furthermore, the quantitative relationships among the measurement accuracy, degree of target maneuvering, and steady-state range prediction errors are clarified to validate the effectiveness of the RRM-LFM filter.
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Kralovicova, Jana, Ivana Borovska, Monika Kubickova, Peter J. Lukavsky e Igor Vorechovsky. "Cancer-Associated Substitutions in RNA Recognition Motifs of PUF60 and U2AF65 Reveal Residues Required for Correct Folding and 3′ Splice-Site Selection". Cancers 12, n. 7 (11 luglio 2020): 1865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071865.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
U2AF65 (U2AF2) and PUF60 (PUF60) are splicing factors important for recruitment of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein to lariat branch points and selection of 3′ splice sites (3′ss). Both proteins preferentially bind uridine-rich sequences upstream of 3′ss via their RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). Here, we examined 36 RRM substitutions reported in cancer patients to identify variants that alter 3′ss selection, RNA binding and protein properties. Employing PUF60- and U2AF65-dependent 3′ss previously identified by RNA-seq of depleted cells, we found that 43% (10/23) and 15% (2/13) of independent RRM mutations in U2AF65 and PUF60, respectively, conferred splicing defects. At least three RRM mutations increased skipping of internal U2AF2 (~9%, 2/23) or PUF60 (~8%, 1/13) exons, indicating that cancer-associated RRM mutations can have both cis- and trans-acting effects on splicing. We also report residues required for correct folding/stability of each protein and map functional RRM substitutions on to existing high-resolution structures of U2AF65 and PUF60. These results identify new RRM residues critical for 3′ss selection and provide relatively simple tools to detect clonal RRM mutations that enhance the mRNA isoform diversity.
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Lombard, Julian H., Jefferson C. Frisbee, Andrew S. Greene, Antal G. Hudetz, Richard J. Roman e Peter J. Tonellato. "Microvascular flow and tissue Po 2 in skeletal muscle of chronic reduced renal mass hypertensive rats". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, n. 5 (1 novembre 2000): H2295—H2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.5.h2295.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study determined whether arteriolar blood flow, capillary red blood cell (RBC) velocity, capillary hematocrit (Hctcap), and tissue Po 2 are altered in cremaster muscles of rats with chronic reduced renal mass hypertension (RRM-HT) relative to normotensive rats on high- or low-salt (NT-HS vs. NT-LS) diet. The blood flow in first- through third-order arterioles was not different between NT and HT rats, either at rest or during maximal relaxation of the vessels with 10−4 M adenosine. Capillary RBC velocity was similar between the groups at rest but was elevated in RRM-HT and NT-HS rats during adenosine superfusion. Hctcap was reduced at rest in RRM-HT and NT-HS rats compared with NT-LS and was reduced in RRM-HT rats during adenosine-induced dilation. Tissue Po 2 was reduced in RRM-HT and NT-HS rats compared with NT-LS rats during control conditions and was lower in RRM-HT than in NT-LS rats during adenosine-induced dilation. These results indicate that both RRM-HT and chronic exposure of normotensive rats to a high-salt diet lead to reduced tissue oxygenation, despite the maintenance of normal arteriolar blood flow.
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De Gaudenzi, Javier, Alberto C. Frasch e Christine Clayton. "RNA-Binding Domain Proteins in Kinetoplastids: a Comparative Analysis". Eukaryotic Cell 4, n. 12 (dicembre 2005): 2106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.4.12.2106-2114.2005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT RNA-binding proteins are important in many aspects of RNA processing, function, and destruction. One class of such proteins contains the RNA recognition motif (RRM), which consists of about 90 amino acid residues, including the canonical RNP1 octapeptide: (K/R)G(F/Y)(G/A)FVX(F/Y). We used a variety of homology searches to classify all of the RRM proteins of the three kinetoplastids Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania major. All three organisms have similar sets of RRM-containing protein orthologues, suggesting common posttranscriptional processing and regulatory pathways. Of the 75 RRM proteins identified in T. brucei, only 13 had clear homologues in other eukaryotes, although 8 more could be given putative functional assignments. A comparison with the 18 RRM proteins of the obligate intracellular parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi revealed just 3 RRM proteins which appear to be conserved at the primary sequence level throughout eukaryotic evolution: poly(A) binding protein, the rRNA-processing protein MRD1, and the nuclear cap binding protein.
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Roca-Martínez, Joel, Hrishikesh Dhondge, Michael Sattler e Wim F. Vranken. "Deciphering the RRM-RNA recognition code: A computational analysis". PLOS Computational Biology 19, n. 1 (23 gennaio 2023): e1010859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
RNA recognition motifs (RRM) are the most prevalent class of RNA binding domains in eukaryotes. Their RNA binding preferences have been investigated for almost two decades, and even though some RRM domains are now very well described, their RNA recognition code has remained elusive. An increasing number of experimental structures of RRM-RNA complexes has become available in recent years. Here, we perform an in-depth computational analysis to derive an RNA recognition code for canonical RRMs. We present and validate a computational scoring method to estimate the binding between an RRM and a single stranded RNA, based on structural data from a carefully curated multiple sequence alignment, which can predict RRM binding RNA sequence motifs based on the RRM protein sequence. Given the importance and prevalence of RRMs in humans and other species, this tool could help design RNA binding motifs with uses in medical or synthetic biology applications, leading towards the de novo design of RRMs with specific RNA recognition.
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Prakash, V., A. K. Gupta, A. Gupta, R. S. Gandhi, A. Singh e A. K. Chakravarty. "Random regression model with heterogeneous residual variance reduces polynomial order fitted for permanent environmental effect but does not affect genetic parameters for milk production in Sahiwal cattle". Animal Production Science 57, n. 6 (2017): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15347.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The random regression test-day models can accelerate the genetic improvement of Sahiwal cattle as test-day milk yield models offer a faster, accurate and economical approach of genetic evaluation. First three lactation monthly test-day records of Sahiwal cows calved between 1961 and 2012 at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal were used to fit random regression model (RRM) with various order of legendre polynomial, and a constant (RRM-HOM) or heterogeneous residual variance (RRM-HET). For both RRM-HOM and RRM-HET third order legendre polynomial for modelling additive genetic effects were found best. There was reduction in order of fit for modelling permanent environmental effects due to assumption of heterogeneous residual variance, as legendre polynomial of sixth order for RRM-HOM and fourth or fifth order for RRM-HET was found to be best, for modelling the permanent environmental effect. First two eigenvalues of additive genetic random regression coefficient matrix explained more than 99% of the additive genetic variation, whereas four eigenvalues explained ~98% of the permanent environment variations. First eigenfunction from both the models did not show any large change along lactation, suggesting most variation can be explained by genes that act in same way during lactation. The heritability estimates were generally low but moderate for some test-day milk yields, and it ranged from 0.007 to 0.088 for first, 0.044 to 0.279 for second, and 0.089 to 0.129 for third lactation from RRM-HOM. The values of genetic correlation between test-day milk yields ranged from 0.06 to 0.99 for first, 0.77 to 0.99 for second, and 0.07 to 0.99 for third lactation, from RRM-HOM. The value of permanent environment correlation ranged from 0.30 to 0.98 for first, 0.07 to 0.99 for second, and 0.16 to 0.98 for third lactation. The genetic correlations between two adjacent test-days were high (≥0.90). RRM-HET also gave similar heritability and correlation estimates. The rank correlation between sire breeding values for first, second, and third lactation, estimated using two models were 0.98, 1.00, and 0.99, respectively, indicating there was no difference in the ranking of animals using two models. Thus the random regression model with lower order of polynomial for modelling additive genetic effect and higher order polynomial for modelling animal permanent environmental effect was found suitable for genetic evaluation and both RRM-HOM and RRM-HET can be used for modelling test-day milk yield and breeding value prediction in Sahiwal cattle.
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Hernandez, I., e A. S. Greene. "Hemodynamic and microcirculatory changes during development of renal hypertension". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1995): H33—H38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.1.h33.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To study the progression of vessel loss (rarefaction) during the development of hypertension, a plastic window was chronically implanted over the biceps femoralis muscle of reduced renal mass (RRM) and sham-operated control (SOC) rats on a low-salt diet (0.4%). Blood pressure was measured directly via a catheter implanted in the femoral artery, and tissue blood flow was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry before and after local topical application of sodium nitroprusside. Measurements were made on the control day and after an increase in sodium intake (4.0%) in RRM rats on days 5, 10, 14, 21, and 28. SOC rats on a low-salt diet served as the control group. RRM rats became hypertensive (167 mmHg), and vascular resistance increased after a change in sodium intake. Resting tissue blood flow decreased by 19% by day 28 in RRM but did not change in SOC. Sodium nitroprusside administration reduced vascular resistance to the same level in both RRM and SOC during control and at day 10; however, on all other days, sodium nitroprusside was not able to fully dilate the RRM microcirculation compared with that of SOC. At the same time, microvascular density estimated by computer fluorescence microscopy was decreased by 25% in RRM rats. These studies indicate that the development of RRM hypertension is characterized by a transition from increased tone and vessel closure (functional rarefaction) to anatomic vessel loss (structural rarefaction).
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Sanchez-Forgach, E. R., C. Sanchez Basurto e P. Zabalaga. "Contralateral risk-reducing (prophylactic) mastectomy (RRM) in patients (pts) with breast cancer (BC): Experience at Mastologica Lomas Breast Center in Mexico City." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, n. 27_suppl (20 settembre 2011): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.236.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
236 Background: Contralateral RRM has increased in frequency due to patient (pt) and/or physician preference. We explore efficacy and satisfaction of procedure at our institution. Methods: A retrospective review of RRM performed from 2002 to 2010. Age, stage, BC subtype, timing of procedure, RRM pathology, reconstruction technique, complications, delay in systemic therapy, satisfaction index, and pt status were compared to pts. who did not undergo RRM. Results: 27 pts with BC had a contralateral RRM. Mean age was 34 (range 24-61). High-risk factors in 11 (40.75%) pts. Histology of BC breasts included 18 (66.66%) invasive ductal, 5 (18.52%) invasive lobular, 4 (14.81) in situ ductal carcinoma, and 1 (3.70%) tubular carcinoma. RRM was a synchronous contralateral procedure in 12 (44.44%) pts. Breast reconstruction technique for RRM: 22 (81.48%) subpectoralis implants, 2 (7.41%) tissue expanders and secondary implants, 1 (3.7%) latissimus dorsi flap with implant. RRM complications: seroma in 8 (29.63%) cases (2 required evacuation of implant), 5 (18.52%) diverse degrees of nipple-areola complex necrosis, total breast necrosis in one pt. These cases were performed earlier in the series, with a decrease in complications in the latter stages of the analysis. Pathology of RRM specimens: one (3.7%) case of ductal in situ BC in a stage IIa pt. and 4 (14.81%) atypical ductal hyperplasia. Surgical time increased a mean of 75 minutes; systemic therapy was delayed in only 2 (7.41%) pts. Recurrence presented in one pt in index breast after stage 0 BC at 13 months (7 mm invasive ductal), in reconstructed breast (3 mm invasive ductal), both treated with a total mastectomy and sentinel node biopsy. All pts are alive. Two have developed systemic metastases (brain, bone). Satisfaction results (medical and pt) were excellent or good in the RRM in 23 (85.19%), regular in 2 (7.41%), and bad in 2. Conclusions: RRM after BC is increasing in frequency, specially in young age pts. Experience at our institution has made it a safe and commonplace procedure, specially in the younger aged pts. with high risk for a contralateral BC. Longer follow-up is needed to determine efficacy.
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Cotner, Cody, Susan Hilton, Ronac Mamtani, Thomas J. Guzzo e David J. Vaughn. "Surveillance of postchemotherapy subcentimeter residual retroperitoneal mass (RRM) in metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (mNSGCT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, n. 6_suppl (20 febbraio 2020): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.391.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
391 Background: Approximately 30 – 60% of patients with mNSGCT treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBCT) achieve a complete response (CR), defined as normalization of serum tumor markers with either no RRM or a RRM < 1 cm. While there is universal agreement that patients with a RRM ≥ 1 cm should undergo retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), many institutions, including ours, recommend surveillance for patients who achieve a CR. However, studies have not defined which axis of the RRM should be considered when making this decision. Methods: The electronic medical records (2007 – 2017) at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) were searched to identify good-risk mNSGCT patients treated with CBCT who achieved a CR and underwent surveillance. Consistent with RECIST 1.1, we define a CR as no RRM or a RRM < 1 cm in the transaxial short axis (TSA). We do not consider the transaxial long axis (TLA) or the craniocaudal axis (CCA). A post-hoc review was performed by a blinded radiologist and the RRM dimensions in the TSA, TLA, and CCA were recorded. Differences in the frequency of recurrence between groups with a RRM < 1.0 cm and ≥ 1.0 cm in the TLA and CCA were assessed using the Fischer exact test. Results: 39 patients met study criteria and were included. At a median follow-up of 50.8 months, only 2 patients (5.1%) recurred. Both were successfully treated with RPLND and salvage chemotherapy. Post-hoc review of imaging: median TSA 6 mm (range, 0-11); median TLA 8 mm (range, 0-14); median CCA 11 mm (range, 0-34). Thirteen (33%) and 27 (69%) patients had a RRM ≥ 1 cm in the TLA and CCA, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the risk of recurrence between patients with a RRM < 1.0 cm and ≥ 1.0 cm in the TLA (p=0.54) or CCA (p=0.53). Conclusions: Surveillance is an effective strategy in patients with mNSGCT and a post-chemotherapy RRM < 1.0 cm in the TSA. Our study suggests that referencing the TSA and not the TLA or CCA in this decision-making may avoid unnecessary post-chemotherapy RPLND.
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Meade, Adam W., Gabriel Pappalardo, Phillip W. Braddy e John W. Fleenor. "Rapid Response Measurement: Development of a Faking-Resistant Assessment Method for Personality". Organizational Research Methods 23, n. 1 (29 agosto 2018): 181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094428118795295.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While rating-scale-based assessments have been shown to be useful for measuring a variety of workplace-relevant constructs, assessment length and response distortion present practical limitations on their use. We describe a new type of measurement method termed rapid response measurement (RRM) in which stimuli are presented on a computer screen one at a time in rapid succession and respondents are asked to quickly provide a dichotomous response. Two personality assessments using RRM were developed and reliability and validity evidence across four independent samples were evaluated. Both RRM assessments showed adequate reliability, even at short test lengths, with acceptable levels of convergent and discriminant validity with traditional survey-based measures. Analyses based on a within-participants design indicated that the RRM was significantly more difficult to fake when instructed than was a survey-based measure of personality. The second RRM was related to several aspects of job performance. While initial results show promise, further research is needed to establish the validity and viability of the RRM for organizational and psychological measurement.
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Grenczer, Maria, Judit Zsuga, Laszlo Majoros, Akos Pinter, Adam Kemeny-Beke, Bela Juhasz, Arpad Tosaki e Rudolf Gesztelyi. "Effect of asymmetry of concentration–response curves on the results obtained by the receptorial responsiveness method (RRM): an in silico study". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 88, n. 11 (novembre 2010): 1074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y10-089.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The receptorial responsiveness method (RRM) was proposed to estimate changes in the concentration of an agonist in the microenvironment of its receptor. Usually, this is done by providing the equieffective concentration of another agonist for the same receptor or for a largely overlapping postreceptorial signaling (“test agonist”). The RRM is a special nonlinear regression algorithm to analyze a concentration–response (E/c) curve that represents the simultaneous actions of a single agonist concentration to be estimated and of increasing concentrations of the test agonist. The aim of this study was to explore whether asymmetry of the E/c curve to be analyzed influences the reliability of the RRM. For this purpose, computer simulation was performed by constructing symmetric and asymmetric E/c curves using the operational model of agonism, and then these curves were analyzed with the RRM. To perform the RRM, 2 types of equations were used: one involving the Hill equation, the simplest model of the E/c relationship, and one containing the Richards equation, an advanced model properly handling E/c curve asymmetry. Results of this study indicate that E/c curve asymmetry does not significantly influence the accuracy of the estimates provided by the RRM. Thus, when using the RRM, it is not necessary to replace the Hill equation with the Richards equation to obtain useful estimates. Furthermore, it was found that estimation of a high concentration of a high-efficacy agonist can fail when the RRM is performed with a low-efficacy test agonist in a system characterized by a small operational slope factor.
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Szabo, Adrienn Monika, Gabor Viczjan, Tamas Erdei, Ildiko Simon, Rita Kiss, Andras Jozsef Szentmiklosi, Bela Juhasz et al. "Accuracy and Precision of the Receptorial Responsiveness Method (RRM) in the Quantification of A1 Adenosine Receptor Agonists". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, n. 24 (12 dicembre 2019): 6264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246264.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The receptorial responsiveness method (RRM) is a procedure that is based on a simple nonlinear regression while using a model with two variables (X, Y) and (at least) one parameter to be determined (cx). The model of RRM describes the co-action of two agonists that consume the same response capacity (due to the use of the same postreceptorial signaling in a biological system). While using RRM, uniquely, an acute increase in the concentration of an agonist (near the receptors) can be quantified (as cx), via evaluating E/c curves that were constructed with the same or another agonist in the same system. As this measurement is sensitive to the implementation of the curve fitting, the goal of the present study was to test RRM by combining different ways and setting options, namely: individual vs. global fitting, ordinary vs. robust fitting, and three weighting options (no weighting vs. weighting by 1/Y2 vs. weighting by 1/SD2). During the testing, RRM was used to estimate the known concentrations of stable synthetic A1 adenosine receptor agonists in isolated, paced guinea pig left atria. The estimates were then compared to the known agonist concentrations (to assess the accuracy of RRM); furthermore, the 95% confidence limits of the best-fit values were also considered (to evaluate the precision of RRM). It was found that, although the global fitting offered the most convenient way to perform RRM, the best estimates were provided by the individual fitting without any weighting, almost irrespective of the fact whether ordinary or robust fitting was chosen.
22
Narjis, Ghulam, Javid Shabbir e Ronald Onyango. "Partial Randomized Response Model for Simultaneous Estimation of Means of Two Sensitive Variables". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (23 agosto 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6083646.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, a new partial randomized response model (RRM) has been proposed for estimating the population mean of two quantitative sensitive variables simultaneously. The utility of proposed model under stratification is also explored. The efficiency comparisons of the proposed model under simple and stratified random sampling are carried out numerically. A real data set was collected through direct questioning, proposed partial RRM and competitor randomized device from the students of statistics and animal sciences departments of Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. The performance of the proposed partial RRM is better than competitor RRM under simple and stratified random sampling.
23
Kim, Y. J., e B. S. Baker. "Isolation of RRM-type RNA-binding protein genes and the analysis of their relatedness by using a numerical approach". Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, n. 1 (gennaio 1993): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.1.174-183.1993.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Proteins with RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) have important roles in a great many aspects of RNA metabolism. However, this family has yet to be systematically studied in any single organism. In order to investigate the size of the RRM gene family in Drosophila melanogaster and to clone members of this family, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with highly degenerate oligonucleotides to amplify DNA fragments between the RNP-1 and RNP-2 consensus sequences of the RRM proteins. Cloning and sequencing of 124 PCR products revealed 12 different RRM sequences (RRM1 to RRM12). When PCR products were used as probes in genomic Southern and Northern (RNA) analyses, 16 restriction fragments and 25 transcripts, respectively, were detected. Since the combinations of nucleotide sequences represented in the PCR primers correspond to only 4% of the RRM sequences inferred to be possible from known RRM sequences, we estimate the size of the RRM gene family in the order of three hundred genes in flies. In order to gain insight into the possible functions of the genes encoding the RRMs, we analyzed the sequence similarities between the 12 RRMs and 62 RRM sequences of known proteins. This analysis showed that the RRMs of functionally related proteins have similar sequences and are clustered together in the RRM gene tree. On the basis of this observation, the RRMs can be divided into three groups: a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein type, a splicing regulator type, and a development-specific factor type. This result suggests that we have isolated good candidates for both housekeeping and developmentally important genes involved in RNA metabolism.
24
Kim, Y. J., e B. S. Baker. "Isolation of RRM-type RNA-binding protein genes and the analysis of their relatedness by using a numerical approach." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, n. 1 (gennaio 1993): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.1.174.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Proteins with RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) have important roles in a great many aspects of RNA metabolism. However, this family has yet to be systematically studied in any single organism. In order to investigate the size of the RRM gene family in Drosophila melanogaster and to clone members of this family, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with highly degenerate oligonucleotides to amplify DNA fragments between the RNP-1 and RNP-2 consensus sequences of the RRM proteins. Cloning and sequencing of 124 PCR products revealed 12 different RRM sequences (RRM1 to RRM12). When PCR products were used as probes in genomic Southern and Northern (RNA) analyses, 16 restriction fragments and 25 transcripts, respectively, were detected. Since the combinations of nucleotide sequences represented in the PCR primers correspond to only 4% of the RRM sequences inferred to be possible from known RRM sequences, we estimate the size of the RRM gene family in the order of three hundred genes in flies. In order to gain insight into the possible functions of the genes encoding the RRMs, we analyzed the sequence similarities between the 12 RRMs and 62 RRM sequences of known proteins. This analysis showed that the RRMs of functionally related proteins have similar sequences and are clustered together in the RRM gene tree. On the basis of this observation, the RRMs can be divided into three groups: a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein type, a splicing regulator type, and a development-specific factor type. This result suggests that we have isolated good candidates for both housekeeping and developmentally important genes involved in RNA metabolism.
25
Li, Xiao Wen, Guo Zhong Wang e Gang Zhou. "RRM Conformance Testing Validation of Cell Handover in TD-LTE System". Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (maggio 2014): 2088–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.2088.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In order to verify the protocol conformance of RRM (radio resource management) handover procedure in TD-LTE system, We proposed an implementation program of terminal RRM conformance test system with TTCN-3 (Testing and Test Control Notation version 3), designed the testing process of handover in cells, developed the corresponding test cases, and completed the protocol conformance test of Terminal RRM Handover procedure.
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Zhou, Qiu Gen, Xiao Jing Fu, Guo Yu Xu, Wei Cao, Hong Fa Liu, Jing Nie, Min Liang e Fan Fan Hou. "Vascular insulin resistance related to endoplasmic reticulum stress in aortas from a rat model of chronic kidney disease". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 303, n. 9 (1 novembre 2012): H1154—H1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00407.2012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Metabolic insulin resistance has been demonstrated in patients with nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet their vascular insulin signaling remains poorly understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that vascular insulin signaling was impaired and related with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in aortas from the reduced renal mass (RRM) model of CKD. The activity of insulin signaling and markers of ER were determined in aortas from rats with RRM and cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and phosphorylation of protein kinase B and endothelial nitric oxide synthase were all decreased in aorta from RRM rats, whereas serine phosphorylation of IRS-1, a marker of insulin resistance, was increased. In addition, nitric oxide generation and insulin-mediated vasorelaxation were decreased in aortas from RRM rats. Insulin signaling in cultured vascular endothelial cells was impaired by induction of ER stress and was restored in aortas of RRM rats by inhibition of ER stress. Taken together, rats with RRM had vascular insulin resistance that was linked to ER stress. This identified vascular insulin resistance and ER stress as a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD.
27
Wong, Stephanie M., Carla Apostolova, Elisheva Eisenberg e William D. Foulkes. "Counselling Framework for Germline BRCA1/2 and PALB2 Carriers Considering Risk-Reducing Mastectomy". Current Oncology 31, n. 1 (9 gennaio 2024): 350–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31010023.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Female BRCA1/2 and PALB2 germline pathogenic variant carriers have an increased lifetime risk of breast cancer and may wish to consider risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) for surgical prevention. Quantifying the residual lifetime risk and absolute benefit from RRM requires careful consideration of a patient’s age, pathogenic variant, and their personal history of breast or ovarian cancer. Historically, patients have been counselled that RRM does not necessarily prolong survival relative to high-risk surveillance, although recent studies suggest a possible survival benefit of RRM in BRCA1 carriers. The uptake of RRM has increased dramatically over the last several decades yet varies according to sociodemographic factors and geographic region. The increased adoption of nipple-sparing mastectomy techniques, ability to avoid axillary staging, and availability of reconstructive options for most germline pathogenic variant carriers has helped to minimize the morbidity of RRM. Preoperative discussions should include evidence regarding postmastectomy sensation, the potential for supplemental surgery, pregnancy-related chest wall changes, and the need for continued clinical surveillance. Approaches that include sensation preservation and robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy are an area of evolving research that may be more widely adopted in the future.
28
Tang, Qi, Stephen A. Klein, Shaocheng Xie, Wuyin Lin, Jean-Christophe Golaz, Erika L. Roesler, Mark A. Taylor et al. "Regionally refined test bed in E3SM atmosphere model version 1 (EAMv1) and applications for high-resolution modeling". Geoscientific Model Development 12, n. 7 (8 luglio 2019): 2679–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2679-2019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Climate simulations with more accurate process-level representation at finer resolutions (<100 km) are a pressing need in order to provide more detailed actionable information to policy makers regarding extreme events in a changing climate. Computational limitation is a major obstacle for building and running high-resolution (HR, here 0.25∘ average grid spacing at the Equator) models (HRMs). A more affordable path to HRMs is to use a global regionally refined model (RRM), which only simulates a portion of the globe at HR while the remaining is at low resolution (LR, 1∘). In this study, we compare the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) atmosphere model version 1 (EAMv1) RRM with the HR mesh over the contiguous United States (CONUS) to its corresponding globally uniform LR and HR configurations as well as to observations and reanalysis data. The RRM has a significantly reduced computational cost (roughly proportional to the HR mesh size) relative to the globally uniform HRM. Over the CONUS, we evaluate the simulation of important dynamical and physical quantities as well as various precipitation measures. Differences between the RRM and HRM over the HR region are predominantly small, demonstrating that the RRM reproduces the precipitation metrics of the HRM over the CONUS. Further analysis based on RRM simulations with the LR vs. HR model parameters reveals that RRM performance is greatly influenced by the different parameter choices used in the LR and HR EAMv1. This is a result of the poor scale-aware behavior of physical parameterizations, especially for variables influencing sub-grid-scale physical processes. RRMs can serve as a useful framework to test physics schemes across a range of scales, leading to improved consistency in future E3SM versions. Applying nudging-to-observations techniques within the RRM framework also demonstrates significant advantages over a free-running configuration for use as a test bed and as such represents an efficient and more robust physics test bed capability. Our results provide additional confirmatory evidence that the RRM is an efficient and effective test bed for HRM development.
29
Lai, En Yin, Zaiming Luo, Maristela L. Onozato, Earl H. Rudolph, Glenn Solis, Pedro A. Jose, Anton Wellstein et al. "Effects of the antioxidant drug tempol on renal oxygenation in mice with reduced renal mass". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 303, n. 1 (1 luglio 2012): F64—F74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00005.2012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We tested the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributed to renal hypoxia in C57BL/6 mice with ⅚ surgical reduction of renal mass (RRM). ROS can activate the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) and increase O2 usage. However, UCP-2 can be inactivated by glutathionylation. Mice were fed normal (NS)- or high-salt (HS) diets, and HS mice received the antioxidant drug tempol or vehicle for 3 mo. Since salt intake did not affect the tubular Na+ transport per O2 consumed (TNa/QO2), further studies were confined to HS mice. RRM mice had increased excretion of 8-isoprostane F2α and H2O2, renal expression of UCP-2 and renal O2 extraction, and reduced TNa/QO2 (sham: 20 ± 2 vs. RRM: 10 ± 1 μmol/μmol; P < 0.05) and cortical Po2 (sham: 43 ± 2, RRM: 29 ± 2 mmHg; P < 0.02). Tempol normalized all these parameters while further increasing compensatory renal growth and glomerular volume. RRM mice had preserved blood pressure, glomeruli, and patchy tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The patterns of protein expression in the renal cortex suggested that RRM kidneys had increased ROS from upregulated p22phox, NOX-2, and -4 and that ROS-dependent increases in UCP-2 led to hypoxia that activated transforming growth factor-β whereas erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), glutathione peroxidase-1, and glutathione- S-transferase mu-1 were upregulated independently of ROS. We conclude that RRM activated distinct processes: a ROS-dependent activation of UCP-2 leading to inefficient renal O2 usage and cortical hypoxia that was offset by Nrf-2-dependent glutathionylation. Thus hypoxia in RRM may be the outcome of NADPH oxidase-initiated ROS generation, leading to mitochondrial uncoupling counteracted by defense pathways coordinated by Nrf-2.
30
Sauren, M., E. Pirogova e I. Cosic. "RRM analysis of protoporphyrinogen oxidase". Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine 27, n. 4 (dicembre 2004): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03178646.
Testo completo
31
Herold, Natalie, Martin Hellmich, Frank Lichtenheldt, Beyhan Ataseven, Vanessa Hillebrand, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Rita Katharina Schmutzler e Kerstin Rhiem. "Satisfaction and Quality of Life of Healthy and Unilateral Diseased BRCA1/2 Pathogenic Variant Carriers after Risk-Reducing Mastectomy and Reconstruction Using the BREAST-Q Questionnaire". Genes 13, n. 8 (28 luglio 2022): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13081357.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) is the most efficient form of breast cancer (BC) risk reduction in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant (pV) carriers. However, this intervention in physical integrity is associated with significant morbidity. We assessed long-term perception of satisfaction and health-related quality of life (QoL) after bilateral RRM and reconstruction using the validated BREAST-Q. We searched the prospective database of the Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cologne for previvors and survivors who underwent bilateral RRM from 1994 to 2015 and evaluated the results of their BREAST-Q scores. The study enrolled 43 previvors and 90 survivors after a mean follow-up of 46.3 ± 45.3 months after RRM. Satisfaction and QoL were independent of the technique of RRM or type of reconstruction but depended on the time of RRM. Compared to survivors, previvors had significantly higher mean satisfaction scores in their psychosocial, sexual, and physical well-being (chest) in both modules. Among previvors and survivors, higher psychological well-being correlated with a higher satisfaction with information and higher satisfaction with outcome. As psychological well-being correlated with satisfaction with information and outcome, we developed decision aids to improve shared decision making and long-term satisfaction with the decision and the postoperative outcome.
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Rodríguez-Lozano, Francisco Javier, Sergio López-García, David García-Bernal, Miguel R. Pecci-Lloret, Julia Guerrero-Gironés, María P. Pecci-Lloret, Adrián Lozano, Carmen Llena, Gianrico Spagnuolo e Leopoldo Forner. "In Vitro Effect of Putty Calcium Silicate Materials on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells". Applied Sciences 10, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2020): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010325.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
New bioactive materials have been developed for retrograde root filling. These materials come into contact with vital tissues and facilitate biomineralization and apical repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility and bioactivity of two bioactive cements, Bio-C Repair (Angelus, Londrina, Pr, Brazil) and TotalFill BC RRM putty (FGK, Dentaire SA, La-Chaux-de-fonds, Switzerland). The biological properties in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) that were exposed to Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty were studied. Cell viability, migration, and cell adhesion were analyzed. Moreover, qPCR and mineralization assay were performed to evaluate the bioactivity potential of these cements. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey test (p < 0.05). It was observed that cell viability and cell migration in Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty were similar to the control without statistically significant differences, except at 72 h when TotalFill BC RRM putty was slightly lower (p < 0.05). Excellent cell adhesion and morphology were observed with both Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty. Both cements promoted the osteo- and cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. These results suggest that Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty are biologically appropriate materials to be used as retrograde obturation material.
33
Negussie, E., K. Vuori, I. Strandén e E. A. Mäntysaari. "New Test Day Model for the Genetic Evaluation of mastitis in dairy cattle". Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, n. 23 (31 gennaio 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.77002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, genetic parameters of test-day (TD) somatic cell score (SCS) and lactation average (LA)clinical mastitis (CM) were estimated using a random regression model (RRM) that combine two differentdata models. A multitrait RRM (mt-RRM) was then developed for the genetic evaluation of mastitis.Estimates of breeding values (EBVs) from the mt-RRM were compared to corresponding multitrait LAmodel (biv-LAM) and univariate LA models (univ-LAM). A total of 147500 and about 5.6 million recordsfrom 27500 and 1.4 million Finnish Ayrshire cows were used for estimation of genetic parameters andprediction of breeding values, respectively. Heritabilities of CM1 and CM2 traits: (CM1, -7 to 30 andCM2, 31 to 300 DIM) were 0.026 and 0.016, respectively, while for TD SCS they ranged from 0.06 to0.11. During first lactation, the genetic correlations between TD SCS and CM1 and between TD SCS andCM2 varied from 0.40 to 0.77 and from 0.34 to 0.71, respectively. In genetic evaluation of mastitis, modelcomparisons have showed that mt-RRM has high model predictive ability and high standard deviation ofbreeding values. Moreover, it has added advantages of making efficient use of available TD SCSinformation and offers proofs for bulls and cows. Therefore, mt-RRM can be used as best practical modelin the future evaluation of animals for mastitis resistance.
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Beckman, M. "VRrm Rrm: Rrm protein jump-starts idle DNA-copying equipment (Genome instability; DNA replication)". Science of Aging Knowledge Environment 2002, n. 22 (5 giugno 2002): 75nw—75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sageke.2002.22.nw75.
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Bhura, Roohi, Emily Selig, Carmel Tovar, Matthew White, Renee Hoffman, Rachell Booth e David Libich. "Abstract 2325: RNA Binding Characterization of the RRM and RRM-RGG2 Domains of EWSR1". Journal of Biological Chemistry 299, n. 3 (2023): S676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104245.
Testo completo
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Prasad, Mr T. Ganga, e Mrs Dr MSS Rukmini. "QoS Aware Optimal Confederation based Radio Resource Management Scheme for LTE Networks". International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, n. 1s5 (30 dicembre 2019): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1014.1291s519.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper proposed for future generation Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks a radio resource management using QoS with aware QOC-RRM method. In QOC-RRM scheme we present the hybrid Recurrent Deep Neural Network (RDNN) technique to differentiate the operators by priority wise based on multiple constraints and it control the allocated resource bybase stations. For routing share queuing criterion data with other schaotic weed optimization (CWO) algorithm are proposed. Once information received each BS schedules the resources for priority user first. The proposed QOC-RRM scheme is implemented in Network Simulator (NS3) tool and performance can better than conventional RRM schemes in terms of minimum date rate requirement, maximum number of active users and utilization of the radio spectrums.
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Nagao, T., e R. Tsutaba. "Evaluation Methods of Vertical Subgrade Reaction Modulus and Rotational Resistance Moment for Seismic Design of Embedded Foundations". Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 11, n. 4 (21 agosto 2021): 7386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4269.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In a seismic design of embedded foundations, the vertical Subgrade Reaction (SR) acting on a foundation bottom surface and the Rotational Resistance Moment (RRM) generated by the SR are calculated using an SR Modulus (SRM). The SRM and RRM depend on both ground rigidity and Foundation Width (FW). However, the SRM and RRM calculation methods adopted in design codes might not properly consider their FW dependency. In this study, SRM and RRM evaluation methods for embedded foundations subjected to a seismic load were examined by conducting a two-dimensional finite element analysis under the condition where ground rigidity and FW were changed considering the nonlinearity of the ground. The results show that when the seismic load is large and the nonlinearity of the ground appears, the SR distribution is different from the assumption in the design code. The FW dependency of the SRM was lower than the assumption of the design code. Furthermore, methods to calculate the SRM and RRM in accordance with the FW and ground rigidity are proposed.
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Liu, Yu, e Ning Zhang. "The Development of RRM Conformance Test in TD-LTE Idle_State". Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (febbraio 2014): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.905.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In order for the RRM conformance of implementation in TD-LTE system idle_state, taking inter-frequency cell reselection procedure as the point of penetration, a new testing scheme is designed by developing testing and test control notation version 3(TTCN-3) test case to verify the RRM conformance. Furthermore, the test case is operated on the TTworkbench developed by German Testing tech. It also generates test execution flow chart to check the RRM conformance of idle_state functions.
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Wang, Xingchuan, Enjian Yao e Shasha Liu. "Travel Choice Analysis under Metro Emergency Context: Utility? Regret? Or Both?" Sustainability 10, n. 11 (24 ottobre 2018): 3852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113852.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the continuous expansion of the network scale and increasing of passengers, metro emergencies such as operational equipment failure are happening more frequently. Due to the narrow space and crowds of people, metro emergencies always have more of an impact than road traffic emergencies. In order to adopt appropriate measures to ensure passenger safety and avoid risks, we need to get a better understanding of passengers’ travel choice behaviors under emergencies. Most of the existing research studies related to travel choice behaviors took the random utility maximization (RUM) principle for granted, but failed to realize the potential of different decision-making processes and changes to the decision-making environment. In this research, we aim to analyze metro passengers’ travel choice behaviors under metro network emergency contexts. Based on the data collected from a survey about travel choices under metro emergencies in the Guangzhou Metro, we compared the performances of models that follow the RUM and random regret minimization (RRM) principles, and established a hybrid RUM-RRM model as well as a nested logit model following RRM (NL-RRM) to estimate the effects of various factors on passengers’ travel choice behaviors. Comparisons illustrate that the hybrid model and NL-RRM model can improve model fit, and the combination of RUM and RRM outperforms either of them respectively.
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Ferreira Coelho, Igor, Marco Antônio Peixoto, Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho Evangelista, Rodrigo Silva Alves, Suellen Sales, Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende, Jefferson Fernando Naves Pinto, Edésio Fialho dos Reis e Leonardo Lopes Bhering. "Multiple-trait, random regression, and compound symmetry models for analyzing multi-environment trials in maize breeding". PLOS ONE 15, n. 11 (20 novembre 2020): e0242705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242705.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An efficient and informative statistical method to analyze genotype-by-environment interaction (GxE) is needed in maize breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of multiple-trait models (MTM), random regression models (RRM), and compound symmetry models (CSM) in the analysis of multi-environment trials (MET) in maize breeding. For this, a data set with 84 maize hybrids evaluated across four environments for the trait grain yield (GY) was used. Variance components were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML), and genetic values were predicted by best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). The best fit MTM, RRM, and CSM were identified by the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and the significance of the genetic effects were tested using the likelihood ratio test (LRT). Genetic gains were predicted considering four selection intensities (5, 10, 15, and 20 hybrids). The selected MTM, RRM, and CSM models fit heterogeneous residuals. Moreover, for RRM the genetic effects were modeled by Legendre polynomials of order two. Genetic variability between maize hybrids were assessed for GY. In general, estimates of broad-sense heritability, selective accuracy, and predicted selection gains were slightly higher when obtained using MTM and RRM. Thus, considering the criterion of parsimony and the possibility of predicting genetic values of hybrids for untested environments, RRM is a preferential approach for analyzing MET in maize breeding.
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Namazova-Baranova, Leyla S., Viktor A. Gankovskiy, Irina V. Zelenkova, Svetlana G. Gubanova, Alexander V. Pashkov e George A. Karkashadze. "Complex Approach to Diagnosis of Nasal Cavity and Nasopharyngeal Pathologies in Children. Initial Results". Pediatric pharmacology 19, n. 1 (3 marzo 2022): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/pf.v19i1.2345.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. Nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal pathology are crucial and common issue in pediatric otorhinolaryngology. One of the major reasons for the nasal breathing difficulties are adenoids, allergic rhinitis, acute rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, nasal septum deviation. All these diseases can occur individually and in combination with each other, while clinical signs can be similar.Objective. The aim of the study is study and estimate the condition of nasal breathing and sense of smell in children with different nasal and nasopharyngeal pathology.Methods. The study included 128 children, all children were divided into 3 groups comparable by gender and age. Children with confirmed acute ENT organ disease were included in the 1st group, children with allergic disease exacerbation were included in the 2nd group, and clinically healthy children (control group) were included in the 3rd group. Survey methodology: rhinomanometry (RMM), rhinoresistometry (RRM), olfactometry.Results. It was revealed that nasal resistance in children with allergic diseases exacerbation is significantly higher both before and after anemisation of nasal mucosa with a solution of nasal decongestants than in children of the control group (according to the RRM). The air flow rate increases by average of 25% in children with various ENT organs diseases, and in children with allergic diseases — by average of 43% after anemisation of the nasal mucosa. The obtained data shows the role of nasal mucosal edema in patients with allergic diseases during exacerbation. Analysis of our RMM and RRM data suggests the importance of further use of these methods in children.Conclusion. The obtained results will allow us to optimize the diagnosis approach and personalize the management of patients with various nasal cavity and nasopharynx pathologies. Nowadays, the study is ongoing.
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Sánchez-Castro, Miguel A., Milt Thomas, Mark Enns e Scott Speidel. "260 Genetic prediction for first-service conception rate in Angus heifers using a random regression model". Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (3 novembre 2020): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.364.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract First-service conception rate (FSCR) can be defined as the probability of a heifer conceiving in response to her first artificial insemination (AI). Given the binary nature of its phenotypes, FSCR has been typically evaluated using animal threshold models (ATM). However, susceptibility of these models to the extreme-category problem (ECP) limits their ability to use all available information to calculate Expected Progeny Differences (EPD). Random regression models (RRM) represent an alternative method to evaluate binary traits, and they are not affected by ECP. Nevertheless, RRM were originally developed to analyze longitudinal traits, so their usefulness to evaluate traits with singly observed phenotypes remains unclear. Therefore, objectives herein were to evaluate the feasibility of a RRM genetic prediction for heifer FSCR by comparing its resulting EPD and genetic parameters to those obtained with a traditional ATM. Breeding and ultrasound records of 4,334 Angus heifers (progeny of 354 sires and 1,626 dams) collected between 1992 to 2019 at the Colorado State University Beef Improvement Center were utilized. Observations for FSCR (1, successful; 0, unsuccessful) were defined by fetal age at pregnancy inspections performed approximately 130 d post-AI. Traditional FSCR evaluation was performed using a univariate BLUP threshold animal model, whereas an alternative evaluation was performed by regressing FSCR on age at AI using a linear RRM with Legendre Polynomials as the base function. Heritability estimates were 0.03 ± 0.02 for the ATM and 0.005 ± 0.001 for the average age at AI with the RRM, respectively. Pearson and rank correlations between EPD obtained with each method were 0.63 and 0.60, respectively. The regression coefficient of RRM predictions on those obtained with the ATM was 0.095. In conclusion, these results suggested that although a RRM genetic prediction for FSCR was feasible, a considerable degree of re-ranking occurred between the two methodologies.
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Gupta, Alok, Pritpal Singh, Gurdeep Singh, Bhallan Singh Sekhon e Gurjinder Pal Singh Sodhi. "On Farm Testing of Rice Residue Management Techniques for Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Establishment in Punjab". Indian Journal of Extension Education 57, n. 4 (2021): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2021.57419.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Rice residue management (RRM) has been the key component of systems’ sustainability. The paper reports the effect of different RRM and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) establishment methods on productivity and yield contributing attributes through farmer participatory mode in south-western Punjab. Different RRM technologies including rice residue removal, residue incorporation and residue retention on soil as surface mulch were evaluated. Wheat grain yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher with happy seeder method of wheat establishment following chopping of loose rice stubble, which acts as surface mulch, compared with the other RRM technologies. Wheat grain yield in other RRM technologies viz. rice residue incorporation and removal did not differ significantly. The yield contributing attributes viz. plant height, number of effective tillers m-1 row length, 1000-grain weight, ear length and the number of grains ear-1 were significantly higher in happy seeder method of wheat establishment. The weed count (Phalaris minor) was significantly lower than the other compared methods of RRM. The correlation matrix exhibited a linear positive relationship between the grain yield and plant height (r=0.951*; p<0.05), ear length (r=0.941*), 1000-grain weight (r=0.853*) and number of grains ear-1 (r=0.771*). All economic indices viz. average net (Rs. 74, 840/- ha-1), gross returns (Rs. 1,00,620/- ha-1) and benefit-cost (B:C; 3.9) ratio were significantly enhanced because of low cost of cultivation (Rs. 25,780/- ha-1) under happy seeder method of wheat establishment.
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Zimovjanova, Martina, Zuzana Bielcikova, Michaela Miskovicova, Michal Vocka, Anna Zimovjanova, Marian Rybar, Jan Novotny e Lubos Petruzelka. "Uptake and Effectiveness of Risk-Reducing Surgeries in Unaffected Female BRCA1 and BRCA2 Carriers: A Single Institution Experience in the Czech Republic". Cancers 15, n. 4 (8 febbraio 2023): 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041072.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Unnafected female carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (P/LPVs) are at higher risk of breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC). In the retrospective single-institution study in the Czech Republic, we analyzed the rate, longitudinal trends, and effectiveness of prophylactic risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) on the incidence of BC and OC in BRCA1/2 carriers diagnosed between years (y) 2000 to 2020. The study included 496 healthy female BRCA1/2 carriers. The median follow-up was 6.0 years. RRM was performed in 156 (31.5%, mean age 39.3 y, range 22–61 y) and RRSO in 234 (47.2%, mean age 43.2 y, range 28–64 y) BRCA1/2 carriers. A statistically significant increase of RRM (from 12% to 29%) and RRSO (from 31% to 42%) was observed when comparing periods 2005–2012 and 2013–2020 (p < 0.001). BC developed in 15.9% of BRCA1/2 carriers without RRM vs. 0.6% of BRCA1/2 carriers after RRM (HR 20.18, 95% CI 2.78- 146.02; p < 0.001). OC was diagnosed in 4.3% vs. 0% of BRCA1/2 carriers without vs. after RRSO (HR not defined due to 0% occurrence in the RRSO group, p < 0.001). Study results demonstrate a significant increase in the rate of prophylactic surgeries in BRCA1/2 healthy carriers after 2013 and the effectiveness of RRM and RRSO on the incidence of BC and OC in these populations.
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Wang, Yanhao, Jiping Zheng e Fanxu Meng. "Improved Algorithm for Regret Ratio Minimization in Multi-Objective Submodular Maximization". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, n. 10 (26 giugno 2023): 12500–12508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i10.26472.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Submodular maximization has attracted extensive attention due to its numerous applications in machine learning and artificial intelligence. Many real-world problems require maximizing multiple submodular objective functions at the same time. In such cases, a common approach is to select a representative subset of Pareto optimal solutions with different trade-offs among multiple objectives. To this end, in this paper, we investigate the regret ratio minimization (RRM) problem in multi-objective submodular maximization, which aims to find at most k solutions to best approximate all Pareto optimal solutions w.r.t. any linear combination of objective functions. We propose a novel HS-RRM algorithm by transforming RRM into HittingSet problems based on the notions of ε-kernel and δ-net, where any α-approximation algorithm for single-objective submodular maximization is used as an oracle. We improve upon the previous best-known bound on the maximum regret ratio (MRR) of the output of HS-RRM and show that the new bound is nearly asymptotically optimal for any fixed number d of objective functions. Experiments on real-world and synthetic data confirm that HS-RRM achieves lower MRRs than existing algorithms.
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Li, Jianfeng, Kai Zhang, Taufiq Hassan, Shixuan Zhang, Po-Lun Ma, Balwinder Singh, Qiyang Yan e Huilin Huang. "Assessing the sensitivity of aerosol mass budget and effective radiative forcing to horizontal grid spacing in E3SMv1 using a regional refinement approach". Geoscientific Model Development 17, n. 3 (15 febbraio 2024): 1327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1327-2024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols have important impacts on air quality and the Earth–atmospheric energy balance. However, as computing power is limited, Earth system models generally use coarse spatial grids and parameterize finer-scale atmospheric processes. These parameterizations and the simulation of atmospheric aerosols are often sensitive to model horizontal resolutions. Understanding the sensitivities is necessary for the development of Earth system models at higher resolutions with the deployment of more powerful supercomputers. Using the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 1, this study investigates the impact of horizontal grid spacing on the simulated aerosol mass budget, aerosol–cloud interactions, and the effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols (ERFaer) over the contiguous United States. We examine the resolution sensitivity by comparing the nudged simulation results for 2016 from the low-resolution model (LR) and the regional refinement model (RRM). As expected, the simulated emissions of natural dust, sea salt, and marine organic matter are substantially higher in the RRM than in the LR. In addition, RRM simulates stronger aqueous-phase production of sulfate through the enhanced oxidation of sulfur dioxide by hydrogen peroxide due to increased cloud liquid water content. In contrast, the gas-phase chemical production of sulfate is slightly suppressed. The RRM resolves more large-scale precipitation and produces less convective precipitation than the LR, leading to increased (decreased) aerosol wet scavenging by large-scale (convective) precipitation. Regarding aerosol effects on clouds, RRM produces larger temporal variabilities in the large-scale liquid cloud fractions than LR, resulting in increased microphysical cloud processing of aerosols (more interstitial aerosols are converted to cloud-borne aerosols via aerosol activation) in RRM. Water vapor condensation is also enhanced in RRM compared to LR. Consequently, the RRM simulation produces more cloud droplets, a larger cloud droplet radius, a higher liquid water path, and a larger cloud optical depth than the LR simulation. A comparison of the present-day and pre-industrial simulations indicates that, for this contiguous United States domain, the higher-resolution increases ERFaer at the top of the model by about 12 %, which is mainly attributed to the strengthened indirect effect associated with aerosol–cloud interactions.
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Gutiérrez-Vargas, Álvaro A., Michel Meulders e Martina Vandebroek. "randregret: A command for fitting random regret minimization models using Stata". Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 21, n. 3 (settembre 2021): 626–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x211045538.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this article, we describe the randregret command, which implements a variety of random regret minimization (RRM) models. The command allows the user to apply the classic RRM model introduced in Chorus (2010, European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research 10: 181–196), the generalized RRM model introduced in Chorus (2014, Transportation Research, Part B 68: 224–238), and also the µRRM and pure RRM models, both introduced in van Cranenburgh, Guevara, and Chorus (2015, Transportation Research, Part A 74: 91–109). We illustrate the use of the randregret command by using stated choice data on route preferences. The command offers robust and cluster standarderror correction using analytical expressions of the score functions. It also offers likelihood-ratio tests that can be used to assess the relevance of a given model specification. Finally, users can obtain the predicted probabilities from each model by using the randregretpred command.
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Gutiérrez-Vargas, Álvaro A., Michel Meulders e Martina Vandebroek. "randregret: A command for fitting random regret minimization models using Stata". Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 21, n. 3 (settembre 2021): 626–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x211045538.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this article, we describe the randregret command, which implements a variety of random regret minimization (RRM) models. The command allows the user to apply the classic RRM model introduced in Chorus (2010, European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research 10: 181–196), the generalized RRM model introduced in Chorus (2014, Transportation Research, Part B 68: 224–238), and also the µRRM and pure RRM models, both introduced in van Cranenburgh, Guevara, and Chorus (2015, Transportation Research, Part A 74: 91–109). We illustrate the use of the randregret command by using stated choice data on route preferences. The command offers robust and cluster standarderror correction using analytical expressions of the score functions. It also offers likelihood-ratio tests that can be used to assess the relevance of a given model specification. Finally, users can obtain the predicted probabilities from each model by using the randregretpred command.
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Grenczer, Maria, Akos Pinter, Judit Zsuga, Adam Kemeny-Beke, Bela Juhasz, Peter Szodoray, Arpad Tosaki e Rudolf Gesztelyi. "The influence of affinity, efficacy, and slope factor on the estimates obtained by the receptorial responsiveness method (RRM): a computer simulation study". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 88, n. 11 (novembre 2010): 1061–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y10-078.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The receptorial responsiveness method (RRM) was proposed to characterize changes in the concentration of degradable agonists in the microenvironment of their receptors. The characterization is done by providing concentrations of a stable agonist for the same receptor that is equieffective with the change in concentration to be characterized. RRM is based on the analysis of concentration–effect (E/c) curves reflecting the simultaneous action of the degradable and the stable agonist. In the present study, we investigated whether dissimilar affinity and (or) efficacy of the coacting agonists as well as the steepness of the E/c curves influence the reliability of RRM. E/c curves were simulated based on the operational model and then analyzed with RRM. We found that dissimilarity in affinity of the coacting agonists did not affect the accuracy of RRM estimates. In contrast, accuracy of the estimation depended on the magnitude of the concentration to be assessed, the operational slope factor, and the operational efficacy ratio of the coacting agonists. However, our results suggest that proper choice of a stable agonist for a degradable one can help to ensure reliable results, since information about the change in concentration of a degradable agonist is otherwise difficult to obtain.
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Nursulu, Buketova, Aratayeva Aigul, Turkenova Saltanat e Amrenova Assel. "Relic root morphemes of Kazakh language among linguistic universals". Turkic Studies Journal 5, n. 4 (2023): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2023-4-99-114.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Lexical remnants as one of the factors of the dynamic processes of word formation, are caused by the language existence. These phenomena are included in the category of exceptions in the system of languages and called «fossilized constructions», «quasi-morphs», «dead roots», etc. The new approach to the morphemic segmentation of words with lexical remnants is represented in the article. The term “relic root morphemes” (RRM) is suggested for lexical remnants. 113Н. Букетова, А. Аратаева, С. Туркенова, А. Амренова Turkic Studies Journal 4 (2023) 99-114The example of RRM separation based on synchronic word formation analysis is given in the article. According to F. de Saussure, the RRM is considered as a linguistic sign, which has its meaning both from the point of view of the current language state and the historical perspective. The analysis of words with RRM based on diachronic approach makes it possible to identify at what level of time factor of the diachronic depth the meaning accumulation takes place.The existence of the RRM in languages, including Kazakh, has a universal character. The relic root morpheme is a residually distinguishable root morpheme, the semantics of which is characterized by idiomaticity, expressed in the word-forming meaning, and confirmed by multiple semantics, finding a place in different historical periods in diachronic aspect.