Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Roches salines"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Consulta la lista di attuali articoli, libri, tesi, atti di convegni e altre fonti scientifiche attinenti al tema "Roches salines".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Articoli di riviste sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Correia, João Paulo Araújo, e João Paulo Lima Santos. "AVALIAÇÃO NUMÉRICA DA INTEGRIDADE ESTRUTURAL DE REVESTIMENTO DE POÇOS DE PETRÓLEO EM ZONAS DE ALTA PRESSÃO E ALTA TEMPERATURA E ÁREAS DE ROCHAS SALINAS". HOLOS 1 (18 luglio 2017): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2017.5178.
Abstract (sommario):
As atividades de projeto e instalação de colunas de revestimento em poços de petróleo correspondem a elementos fundamentais para garantir a segurança e a operacionalização de campos exploratórios. Com o desafio da perfuração de poços em áreas geologicamente mais complexas, a exemplo das chamadas reservas do pré-sal e em reservatórios sujeitos à alta pressão e alta temperatura (High Pressure High Temperature - HPHT), novas variáveis de projeto devem ser consideradas. Este trabalho propõe-se a avaliar o comportamento de modelos constitutivos de rochas salinas por meios de curvas de fluências objetivando avaliar o impacto do efeito de fluência da rocha salina na estabilidade do poço aberto na fase de perfuração. Também são avaliados os incrementos de esforços advindos do comportamento viscoso das rochas salinas nas colunas de revestimento de poços de petróleo e a respectiva influência no tratamento de projetos para dimensionamento de revestimento de poços. Emprega-se uma estratégia baseada no método dos elementos finitos para modelar o comportamento de fluência em rochas salinas através de modelos viscoelásticos em função da série de Pronny. O processo de dimensionamento das colunas de revestimento é efetuado seguindo as recomendações normativas da API5C3 e ISO10400.
2
Pershina, Elisaveta V., Gaik S. Tamazyan, Alexandr S. Dolnik, Alexander G. Pinaev, Nurlan H. Sergaliev e Evgeniy E. Andronov. "STUDYING THE STRUCTURE OF SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN SALINE SOILS BY HIGH-THROUGHPUT PYROSEQUENCING". Ecological genetics 10, n. 2 (15 giugno 2012): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ecogen10232-39.
Abstract (sommario):
The taxonomic structure of soil microbial community was studied in six samples taken from a salt marsh along the salinity gradient and in two samples of non-saline soils using pyrosequencing method (454 Roche). The analysis allowed to identify three main ecological groups of microorganisms depending on the degree of the soil salinity. Halophylic microorganisms were mainly represented by bacteria of three phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and included much less of archaea (the Halobacteriaceae family). Within the distance of 150–200 m from the point with the highest levels of salinity, the microbial community tends to have a considerable similarity with control samples of non-saline soils.
3
BOBCO, Fabia Emanuela Rafaloski, Karin GOLDBERG e Tatiana Pastro BARDOLA. "Modelo deposicional do Membro Ipubi (Bacia do Araripe, nordeste do Brasil) a partir da caracterização faciológica, petrográfica e isotópica dos evaporitos". Pesquisas em Geociências 44, n. 3 (28 maggio 2017): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.83267.
Abstract (sommario):
As rochas evaporíticas se destacam nos estudos sedimentológicos e estratigráficos por sua associação com rochas geradoras de petróleo como rochas selantes e por seu significado paleoclimático e paleoambiental. A caracterização faciológica e petrográfica quantitativa permitiu a definição das fácies e hábitos dos evaporitos do Membro Ipubi da Bacia do Araripe, coletados em afloramentos localizados principalmente na região de Araripina, Pernambuco. Técnicas de difratometria de raios X (DRX) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram utilizadas com o intuito de complementar a análise dos aspectos composicionais e texturais dos constituintes. Os sulfatos dominantes são gipsita e anidrita, localmente celestita. Foram identificadas macroscopicamente três fácies (Evaporito laminado, Evaporito maciço e Evaporito fraturado) e microscopicamente treze hábitos para os sulfatos. Dentre estes, os hábitos e as texturas primários são anidrita nodular, gipsita paliçada e chevron, estas duas últimas constituindo a textura laminada. Os demais sulfatos foram precipitados em condições pós-deposicionais rasas. As análises isotópicas de S e O nos sulfatos forneceram valores de δ34S entre +10,27‰ e +17,99‰ e δ18O entre +7,72‰ e +13,30‰, caracterizando a composição marinha da salmoura geradora dos depósitos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os evaporitos do Membro Ipubi foram depositados em contexto subaquoso (salinas) e intrasedimentar em um sabkha costeiro.
4
SÁ, Carlos Dinges Marques de, Danilo dos Santos BARRETO e Maria de Lourdes da Silva ROSA. "MINERALOGIA, GEOQUÍMICA E INCLUSÕES FLUIDAS DAS MINERALIZAÇÕES FILONIANAS HIDROTERMAIS DE FLUORITA DO STOCK MINGU, SUL DA PROVÍNCIA BORBOREMA". Geosciences = Geociências 42, n. 4 (15 gennaio 2024): 447–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/geociencias.v42i4.17582.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo - O Stock Mingu é um granito do Domínio Macururé, Sistema Orogênico Sergipano (SOS), sul da Província da Borborema. As suas mineralizações de fluorita e sulfetos de Cu e Pb foram geradas por processos hidrotermais, evidenciados pelos filões mineralizados e pela cor avermelhada das rochas graníticas que os contém. As rochas do stock são biotita monzogranitos, quartzo monzonitos e monzogranitos, os dois últimos encaixantes dos filões. A química destas rochas evidenciou afinidade com a série shoshonítica. No contacto com estes granitos encontra-se a Unidade Batalha constituída por metadolomitos. A mineralogia dos filões é constituída por quartzo 1 e 2, fluorita, calcita, calcopirita, galena e variados carbonatos, óxidos e sulfatos. O estudo de inclusões fluidas revelou que os fluidos circularam a temperaturas no intervalo de 350 °C a 94 °C, ocorrendo as principais fases de deposição dos minerais dos filões em média a 170 °C e 120 °C. São fluidos salinos com salinidades médias entre 5 e 15 wt% NaCl eq., e as temperaturas dos eutéticos indicam provável presença dos cátions bivalentes K, Ca, Mg. Estes fluidos, resultando provavelmente da influência dos metadolomitos da Unidade Batalha sobre fluídos que circulavam pela falha Belo Monte-Jeremoabo, foram os responsáveis pelos processos hidrotermais no Stock Mingu. Palavras-chave: Mineralizações hidrotermais de fluorita. Inclusões fluidas. Sul da Província Borborema. Sistema Orogênico Sergipano. Abstract - The Mingu Stock is a granite from the Macururé Domain, Sergipano Orogenic System (SOS), south of Borborema Province. Its fluorite and Cu and Pb sulphide mineralizations were generated by hydrothermal processes, evidenced by the mineralized veins and by the reddish color of the granitic rocks that contain them. The rocks in the stock are biotite monzogranites, quartzo monzonites and monzogranites, the last two host veins. The chemistry of these rocks showed affinity with the shoshonitic series. In contact with these granites is the Batalha Unit made up of metadolomites. The mineralogy of the veins consists of quartz 1 and 2, fluorite, calcite, chalcopyrite, galena and various carbonates, oxides and sulfates. The study of fluid inclusions revealed that the fluids circulated at temperatures ranging from 350 °C to 94 °C, with the main phases of deposition of the vein minerals occurring on average at 170 °C and 120 °C. They are saline fluids with average salinities between 5 and 15 wt% NaCl eq., and the temperatures of the eutectics indicate the probable presence of the bivalent cations K, Ca, Mg. These fluids, probably resulting from the influence of the Batalha Unit's metadolomites on fluids that circulated through the Belo Monte-Jeremoabo fault, were responsible for the hydrothermal processes in Stock Mingu. Keywords: Hydrothermal Fluorite Mineralizations. Fluid Inclusions. Southern Borborema Province. Sergipe Orogenic System.
5
Kiyaga, Charles, Youyi Fong, Christopher Okiira, Grace Esther Kushemererwa, Ismail Kayongo, Iga Tadeo, Christine Namulindwa et al. "HIV viral load assays when used with whole blood perform well as a diagnostic assay for infants". PLOS ONE 17, n. 6 (30 giugno 2022): e0268127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268127.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective Over the past several years, only approximately 50% of HIV-exposed infants received an early infant diagnosis test within the first two months of life. While high attrition and mortality account for some of the shortcomings in identifying HIV-infected infants early and putting them on life-saving treatment, fragmented and challenging laboratory systems are an added barrier. We sought to determine the accuracy of using HIV viral load assays for infant diagnosis of HIV. Methods We enrolled 866 Ugandan infants between March–April 2018 for this study after initial laboratory diagnosis. The median age was seven months, while 33% of infants were less than three months of age. Study testing was done using either the Roche or Abbott molecular technologies at the Central Public Health Laboratory. Dried blood spot samples were prepared according to manufacturer-recommended protocols for both the qualitative and quantitative assays. Viral load test samples for the Roche assay were processed using two different buffers: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS: free virus elution viral load protocol [FVE]) and Sample Pre-Extraction Reagent (SPEX: qualitative buffer). Dried blood spot samples were processed for both assays on the Abbott using the manufacturer’s standard infant diagnosis protocol. All infants received a qualitative test for clinical management and additional paired quantitative tests. Results 858 infants were included in the analysis, of which 50% were female. Over 75% of mothers received antiretroviral therapy, while approximately 65% of infants received infant prophylaxis. The Roche SPEX and Abbott technologies had high sensitivity (>95%) and specificity (>98%). The Roche FVE had lower sensitivity (85%) and viral load values. Conclusions To simplify and streamline laboratory practices, HIV viral load may be used to diagnose HIV infection in infants, particularly using the Roche SPEX and Abbott technologies.
6
Isenberg, D., R. Furie, N. S. Jones, P. Guibord, J. Galanter, C. Lee, A. Mcgregor et al. "OP0233 EFFICACY, SAFETY, AND PHARMACODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF THE BRUTON’S TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR, FENEBRUTINIB (GDC-0853), IN MODERATE TO SEVERE SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS IN A PHASE 2 CONTROLLED STUDY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (giugno 2020): 148.1–148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2949.
Abstract (sommario):
Background:Fenebrutinib (GDC-0853, FEN) is an oral, non-covalent, and selective inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) in clinical development for autoimmune diseases.Objectives:This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamic effects of FEN in patients with moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity.Methods:Patients who met SLICC or revised ACR SLE criteria, had ≥1 serologic marker of SLE, SLEDAI ≥8, and were on ≥1 standard of care (SOC) therapy were included; patients with renal or CNS involvement, or exposure to B cell depleting or calcineurin inhibitor therapy were excluded. Patients were randomized to placebo (PBO), FEN 150 mg QD, or FEN 200 mg BID, for 48 weeks. A corticosteroid taper was recommended, with burst and taper permitted from Week 0 (W0) to W12 and W24 to W36. The primary endpoint was SRI-4 at W48. Post hoc subgroup analyses were conducted based on patient baseline disease characteristics.Results:This study enrolled 260 patients, with the majority recruited in Latin America, USA, and Western Europe. At W48, the SRI-4 response rates for FEN 150 mg QD and FEN 200 mg BID were 51% (95% CI: -8.5, 21.2; p value 0.37) and 52% (95% CI: -7.3, 22.4; p value 0.34), respectively, compared to 44% for PBO (Table 1). Post-hoc analysis showed larger responses in subgroups of patients with higher baseline disease activity (Table 1). Safety results were similar between FEN and PBO arms, although more serious adverse events were observed in the FEN 200 mg BID arm. Study discontinuations were balanced across the 3 arms (24-26%). FEN treatment significantly reduced levels of CD19+ B cells, anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, IgG, and a BTK-dependent RNA signature highly expressed in plasmablasts by W48 compared to PBO; C4 levels modestly improved with FEN vs. PBO (Table 2).Table 1.SRI-4 Response (%) at W48 in Primary Analysis and in Post-hoc Patient SubgroupsPBOFEN 150 mg QDFEN 200 mg BIDSRI-4 Response (%) at W4844n=8451n=8752n=88SRI-4 Response (%) in Baseline Subgroups At least 1 BILAG A48n=4254n=3959n=46 At least 1 BILAG A and SLEDAI increased DNA binding37n=1953n=1765n=26 SLEDAI arthritis with at least 4 swollen joints39n=5750n=5457n=54 SLEDAI arthritis with at least 4 tender joints39n=7153n=7059n=69 CLASI >=1021n=1436n=1131n=16Table 2.Key Biomarker ResultsPBOFEN 150 mg QDFEN 200 mg BIDMedian (%) Change from Baseline at W48 Plasmablast signature-19.7%n=52-54.3%*n=53-51.7%*n=57 CD19+B cells (cells/µl)-0.50n=38-57.0*n=49-57.5*n=48 Anti-dsDNA#(IU/ml)+6.9n=31-38.3*n=36-75.7*n=33 Total IgG (g/L)-0.20n=65-1.25*n=64-1.56*n=64 C3 (g/L)-0.02n=65+0.01n=67-0.01n=66 C4 (g/L)0.00n=65+0.02*n=67+0.01*n=66#Patients who were positive at baseline (>30 IU/mL)*Denotes significant vs. PBO; Kruskal-Wallis false-discovery rate controlled two sided (p-value ≤0.05)Conclusion:The primary endpoint of SRI-4 for FEN was not met despite evidence of strong BTK target and pathway inhibition. FEN had an acceptable safety profile. Several disease activity subgroups were suggestive of a greater treatment effect on SRI-4 compared to PBODisclosure of Interests:David Isenberg Consultant of: Study Investigator and Consultant to Genentech, Richard Furie Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Biogen, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Biogen, Nicholas S. Jones Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Pascal Guibord Shareholder of: Roche, Employee of: Roche, Joshua Galanter Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Chin Lee Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche and Eli Lilly, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Anna McGregor Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Balazs Toth Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Julie Rae Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Olivia Hwang Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Armend Lokku Shareholder of: Roche, Employee of: Roche, Pedro Miranda Consultant of: Study Investigator for Genentech, Viviane de Souza Consultant of: Study investigator for Genentech, Juan Jaller-Raad Consultant of: Study investigator for Genentech, Anna Maura Fernandes Consultant of: Study investigator for Genentech, Rodrigo Garcia Salinas Consultant of: Study investigator for Genentech, Leslie Chinn Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Michael J. Townsend Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Alyssa Morimoto Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche, Katie Tuckwell Shareholder of: Genentech/Roche, Employee of: Genentech/Roche
7
Makadzange, A. Tariro, F. Kathryn Boyd, Benjamin Chimukangara, Collen Masimirembwa, David Katzenstein e Chiratidzo E. Ndhlovu. "A Simple Phosphate-Buffered-Saline-Based Extraction Method Improves Specificity of HIV Viral Load Monitoring Using Dried Blood Spots". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55, n. 7 (3 maggio 2017): 2172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00176-17.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT Although Roche COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan (CAP/CTM) systems are widely used in sub-Saharan Africa for early infant diagnosis of HIV from dried blood spots (DBS), viral load monitoring with this system is not practical due to nonspecific extraction of both cell-free and cell-associated viral nucleic acids. A simplified DBS extraction technique for cell-free virus elution using phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) may provide an alternative analyte for lower-cost quantitative HIV virus load (VL) testing to monitor antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the CAP/CTM v2.0 assay in 272 paired plasma and DBS specimens using the cell-free virus elution method and determined the level of agreement, sensitivity, and specificity at thresholds of target not detected (TND), target below the limit of quantification (BLQ) (<20 copies/ml in plasma or <400 copies/ml in DBS), and VL of <1,000 copies/ml, and VL of <5,000 copies/ml. Reported plasma VL ranged from TND, or <20, to 5,781,592 copies/ml, and DBS VL ranged from TND, or <400, to 467,600 copies/ml. At <1000 copies/ml, agreement between DBS and plasma was 96.7% (kappa coefficient, 0.93; P < 0.0001). The mean difference between DBS and plasma VL values was −1.06 log 10 copies/ml (95% confidence interval [CI], −1.17, −0.97; P < 0.0001). At a treatment failure threshold of >1,000 copies/ml, the sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV) were 92.7%, 100%, 100%, and 94.3%, respectively. PBS elution of DBS offers a sensitive and specific method for monitoring plasma viremia among adults and children on ART at the WHO-recommended threshold of >1,000 copies/ml on the Roche CAP/CTM system.
8
Quintana, Manuel, Kapil Nanwani, Charbel Maroun, Elena Elena Muñoz, Ana María Martínez, Mar Gutierrez, Elena G Arias-Salgado et al. "Study of the Effect of Fibrinogen, Factor XIII and Recombinant Activated Factor VII in a Model of Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (5 novembre 2020): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142482.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a multifactorial condition secondary to severe trauma. In TIC, early fibrinogen (FI) replacement and low dose of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) may positively impact outcome. Factor XIII (FXIII), on the other hand, may stimulate in vitro clot formation and clot stability. We hypothesized that combination of FI, rFVIIa and FXIII might normalize clot formation more effectively than the isolated use of each concentrate in a model of TIC. Aim: Evaluation of the procoagulant effect of isolated or combined use of FI, rFVIIa and FXIII in a model of TIC. Methods: TIC in vitro model was obtained by dilution of whole blood from seven healthy controls with isotonic saline (NaCl 0.9%) (2:3 whole blood:saline ratio). FI, rFVIIa and FXIII were spiked in combination or alone until obtaining final levels of 2 g/L, 1 μg/mL and 100 IU/dL respectively. Procoagulant effects of the different concentrates or their mixtures were evaluated by Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM®, Werfen) triggered using starTEM® (calcium chloride 0,2 M) and exTEM® reagent (source of tissue factor) diluted with saline up to 1:100.000 (final dilution) for a better evaluation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation. The values of clotting time (CT: time until 2 mm of amplitude, in seconds), amplitude (parameter proportional to the clot strength) at 5 minutes (A5, in mm) and clot formation time (CFT: time from CT to 20 mm of amplitude, in seconds) were evaluated. Statistical analysis of differences was performed by One-Way ANOVA test assuming no paring of data and using the Holm-Sidak's correction for multiple comparisons with a family-wise significance and confidence level of 0.01. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. Results/Discussion: Data are summarized in Table I and Figure 1. CT needed the combination of two of more concentrates to reach the normal range suggesting that the administration of FI alone in TIC may not be enough to restore the patients' hemostatic potential. In regard to the clot strength evaluated by A5, the addition of FXIII or rFVIIa alone or in combination did not improve the value of A5 that was only normalized by the addition of FI. This effect of FI was increased in the presence of FXIII or rFVIIa which indicated that normal levels of FI might be required for rFVIIa or FXIII to be effective emphasising the possible benefit of the combinatory therapy. Like observed in A5, the velocity of clot formation evaluated by the CFT was normalised only by the addition of FI. However, the combination of FI plus FXIII + rFVIIa had a stronger effect on CFT compared with the combination of FI + FXIII or FI + rFVIIa, indicating that the improvement of thrombin generation due to rFVIIa plus an increment of fibrin formation and net stabilization through the contribution of higher levels of FI and FXIII respectively, might provide a beneficial synergistic procoagulant effect in TIC. Conclusion: The use of FI in TIC may contribute to increase the patient's hemostatic potential but might not be enough. Combinatory therapies based on the administration of FI, rFVIIa and FXIII might be of better benefit in this setting. Ex-vivo studies using blood of patients with stablished TIC might bring new insights on the possible advantages of this combinatory therapy to design more effective protocols to treat this frequent and life-threatening acquired condition. Disclosures Canales: Sandoz: Honoraria; iQone: Honoraria; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Honoraria; Roche: Speakers Bureau; Karyopharm: Honoraria; Sandoz: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria; Takeda: Speakers Bureau; Roche: Honoraria; Sandoz: Honoraria; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Roche: Speakers Bureau; Sandoz: Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Honoraria; Karyopharm: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria. Butta:NovoNordisk: Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; SOBI: Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Speakers Bureau; ROCHE: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Grifols: Research Funding. Alvarez Román:NovoNordisk,: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; SOBI,: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer,: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Bayer: Consultancy; Grifols: Research Funding. Jiménez-Yuste:F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Sobi, Pfizer: Consultancy; Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Sobi, Pfizer: Research Funding; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Novo Nordisk, Takeda, Sobi, Pfizer, Grifols, Octapharma, CSL Behring, Bayer: Honoraria.
9
Farnsworth, Christopher W., Nicole M. Logsdon, Jennifer E. Hayes, Rehan Rais, Maria A. Willrich e Ann M. Gronowski. "Limitations of Free Light Chain Assays caused by the Matrix Effect". Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 5, n. 2 (6 febbraio 2020): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfz021.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background Serum free light chain (FLC) assays are used clinically to measure the concentration of κ and λ FLC in patients with suspected or diagnosed plasma cell proliferative disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated a loss of linearity in low concentration ranges of these assays. We hypothesized that this result could be caused by a matrix effect. Methods Recovery studies were performed for κ and λ FLC in both serum and saline using the Freelite assay (Binding Site) on a Cobas c502 system (Roche). Samples were analyzed either at the recommended dilution or undiluted. Follow-up studies were performed in varying matrices ranging from 0% to 100% saline. Retrospective patient data were analyzed to assess the impact on reported κ FLC, λ FLC, and κ/λ ratio. Results FLC in a serum matrix demonstrated underrecovery relative to samples diluted in saline for both κ and λ FLC. Of 255 patient samples with λ FLC measured undiluted (λ FLC <6.0 mg/L), an unexpected gap was observed in patient results between 2.0 and 6.0 mg/L. In addition, 23 patients measured serially with λ FLC between 2.0 and 6.0 mg/L demonstrated dramatic changes in κ/λ ratio, with no changes in κ FLC, likely because of the matrix effect. Conclusions The κ and λ Freelite assays exhibit a matrix effect when samples are tested undiluted, which has the potential to affect the κ/λ ratio. Consequently, our laboratory has stopped reporting λ FLC <6.0 mg/L.
10
Bromberg, Jacoline, Jeanette Doorduyn, Johanna W. Baars, Gustaaf Van Imhoff, Roelien Enting e Martin van den Bent. "Acute Painful Radiculopathy After Intrathecal Rituximab". Blood 116, n. 21 (19 novembre 2010): 4920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4920.4920.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Abstract 4920 Within a prospective phase II study (HOVON 80) of patients with recurrent diffuse large B-cel lymphoma in the CNS, three of 13 patients treated with intrathecal rituximab developed an acute, transient, extremely painful lumbosacral radiculopathy. All were treated with systemic R-DHAP every 4 weeks with i.v. HD-MTX on day 15 for three cycles. In addition intrathecal Rituximab was administered twice weekly via lumbar puncture starting on day -1. According to protocol the first administration consisted of 10 mg of rituximab after premedication with acetaminophen, thereafter the dose was increased to 25 mg. No patient experienced side effects of the first intrathecal administration of rituximab. However, after the first administration of 25 mg rituximab three of 13 treated patients reported extremely painful tingling sensations in the buttocks, legs and feet immediately after administration and lasting 30–60 minutes. Concomitantly a temporarily increased bloodpressure was documented. Premedication with an antihistaminic in the third patient was ineffective. No neurologic deficits occurred and the pain resolved completely. The patients refused further treatment with intrathecal rituximab, and therapy was changed to intrathecal methotrexate, without any side effects. After these events the rituximab was diluted in saline to 5 mg/ml, the dose reduced to 10 mg per administration, and 4 mg dexamethasone was administered concomitantly in all subsequent patients. Twelve additional patients were thus treated and no further incidents of painful radiculopathy were observed. This serious, though completely transient, adverse effect of intrathecal rituximab precludes intrathecal administration of higher doses of rituximab via lumbar route. It has never been described after intraventricular administration. Disclosures: Bromberg: Roche: Research Funding. Off Label Use: rituximab administration intrathecally. Doorduyn: Roche: Research Funding. van den Bent: Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding.
Tesi sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Boidin, Elie Homand Françoise Thomas Fabien. "Interactions roches/saumures en contexte d'abandon d'exploitations souterraines de sel". S. l. : INPL, 2007. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2007_BOIDIN_E.pdf.
2
Rayot, Véronique. "Altérations du centre de l'Australie : rôle des solutions salines dans la genèse des silcrètes et des profils blanchis /". [Fontainebleau] : Adélaïde : Ecole des mines, Centre d'informatique géologique ; CSIRO, Division of soils, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357014896.
3
Boidin, Elie. "Interactions roches/saumures en contexte d'abandon d'exploitations souterraines de sel". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL010N/document.
Abstract (sommario):
La problématique de cette thèse est l’identification des phénomènes physico-chimiques se produisant entre les roches encaissantes du gisement de sel gemme de Lorraine et des saumures, puis l’étude de leurs effets sur le comportement mécanique. Une démarche multi-échelle a été entreprise : du minéral à l’échelle d’une exploitation en passant par celle des essais mécaniques. La confrontation de la géologie locale avec la géométrie des cavités de dissolution de sel (logiciel GOCAD) au travers de ces roches encaissantes rend compte d’un délitage relativement rapide lorsque les argilites sont au contact d’une saumure de cavité. A l’inverse, l’anhydrite et la dolomie peuvent constituer le toit de cavité pendant plusieurs années, avant de se rompre. Suite à une caractérisation minéralogique, et microtexturale des roches encaissantes (Marnes irisées inférieures et moyennes), une expérimentation de type batch a été mise en œuvre afin de comprendre ces différences: les faciès lithologiques qualifiés de majeurs ont été immergés dans des saumures pendant plus d’un an. Des analyses chimiques et microscopiques ont permis de suivre les modifications minéralogiques et microtexturales. Au contact de saumures saturées en chlorure de sodium, les faciès argileux se délitent en raison de l’hydratation en gypse du minéral anhydrite. Au niveau de l’anhydrite massive, cette hydratation n’affecte qu’une frange superficielle des échantillons, en raison d’une porosité connectée quasi-nulle. En présence d’une saumure de cavité, l’hydratation est promue par la présence de potassium et de strontium en solution. Ces résultats permettent d’expliquer qualitativement la dilatation voire la rupture des éprouvettes d’argilite lors d’essais de fluage en saumures. Le comportement en flexion de l’anhydrite massive ne semble pas être affecté par la présence de saumure, en raison d’une porosité trop faible pour permettre l’accès de la saumure au site réactionnel que sont les cristaux d’anhydriteThe aim of this study is the understanding of the physico-chemical interactions between saturated brine and the rocks (Marnes Irisées inférieures) enclosing the underground salt workings in Lorraine (eastern France), and also the study of their effect on the mechanical behaviour. A multi-scale study was undertaken, from the mineral scale to the one of a salt working. Whereas anhydrite-rich argillites flake quickly with the presence of saturated brine at the border of solutions cavities, the dolomudstone and massive anhydrite don’t and can constitute the top of cavities for several years. In order to explain this difference, these three lithologies were analysed in terms of mineralogy, micro-texture and porous media. Then, samples of argillites and massive anhydrite were immersed in saturated brines for more than one year. Chemical and microscopic analysis testified the hydration of anhydrite crystals into gypsum. This transformation occurs in a superficial way on massive anhydrite; to the contrary, it is located inside the anhydrite-rich argilites. As this transformation induces a volume increasing of 63%, the anhydrite crystals swell. In saturated brine, the water activity is low enough to prevent the swelling of clays such as smectites. Thus, anhydrite swelling might be the responsible of the argillites splitting in a saturated brine environment. The superficial anhydrite hydration on massive anhydrite can be explained by the low values of connected porosity (less than 1%) for this lithology. This results can explain, in a qualitative way, the dilatant behaviour of argilites samples during creep tests with brine. The bending behaviour of massive anhydrite don’t seem to be affected by the presence of brine for one year or less, probably because of the too low porosity of this lithology
4
Colas, Estel. "Impact de l'humidité et des solutions salines sur le comportement dimensionnel de grès du Buntsandstein : contribution à la sélection de faciès de restauration". Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS031/document.
Abstract (sommario):
L'objectif de ce travail est d'appréhender l'altérabilité des grès en s'appuyant sur la définition de paramètres physiques pertinents. Il est appliqué à l'évaluation de grès du Buntsandstein afin de contribuer à la sélection de faciès de restauration des monuments historiques du nord-est de la France et, plus particulièrement, de la cathédrale Notre Dame de Strasbourg. Pour y répondre, l'étude expérimentale comparative s'est fondée sur cinq faciès de carrière dont les sensibilités à l'altération doivent être appréciées et sur deux faciès mis en œuvre qui ont montré des cinétiques et des états d'altération divergents. La considération de ces faciès exposés a constitué un garde-fou qui permet d'apprécier la différence de tenue entre ces grès. Les caractéristiques des structures de pores et des matrices argilo-ferrugineuses impliquées dans la réponse dilatométrique des grès ont souligné la forte incidence de la quantité, de la nature et des propriétés de surface des argiles sur les comportements hydrodynamique et mécanique, à l'origine de leur fatigue. L'application de tests en laboratoire de résistance aux sels a mis en évidence l'implication des interactions minéraux-solution saline dans la réponse des grès à une contamination en NaCl et Na2SO4. La discrimination des faciès selon leur sensibilité à l'altération par les sels a pu être établie et un indice de sensibilité aux sels a été formulé. Les propriétés des matrices argileuses et la qualité des contacts de grains jouent un rôle déterminant dans la réponse des grès à l'altération par les selsThe aim of this study was to highlight relevant stone parameters on which the durability of Triassic siliceous sandstones could be predicted in order to contribute to the selection of the potential restoration stones in the built heritage and especially on the cathedral of Strasbourg. An experimental comparative study was made on 5 quarry sandstones to discriminate and 2 exposed sandstones from the monument. The two exposed pieces showed opposite weathering behaviors and states of cohesion that could allow a better definition of the parameters involved in the salt weathering of sandstones. The pore structures and the clay coating properties of sandstones underlined the major role of the clay minerals (quantity, nature and specific surface area) in the dilation behavior under humidity variations as well as in hydrodynamical and mechanical behaviors of sandstones. Three types of salt weathering test were carried out on sandstones. The clay-salt interaction was emphasized by the modifications of the dilation behaviors after salt contamination upon salt nature, NaCl or Na2SO4. A classification of stone susceptibility to salt damages had been proposed as well as an index of salt susceptibility of sandstone had been formulated. The mineralogical and mechanical contributions could justify stone susceptibility to salt damage
5
Sahyouni, Farah Al. "Impact Thermo-Hydro-Bio-Chemio-Mécanique du stockage géologique souterrain de H₂". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0297.
Abstract (sommario):
L'hydrogène issu de l'électrolyse de l'eau est considéré au stockage géologique à grande échelle pour combler l'intermittence des énergies renouvelables. Il peut être stocké soit dans des cavernes saline, soit dans des roches poreuses (les aquifères salins et les réservoirs de pétrole et de gaz épuisés). Cette thèse propose une évaluation du risque de fuite de gaz dans le cas de cavités salines et du risque d'altération biogéochimique du stock dans le cas de roches réservoirs poreuses. Le sel est un matériau polycristallin à très faible perméabilité intrinsèque dans les zones non perturbées (environ 10-21 m2). Sa capacité d'étanchéité est due aux spécificités du comportement mécanique du sel et de l'écoulement du gaz dans de tels réservoirs non conventionnels (effet Klinkenberg). Le chargement déviatorique sous faible confinement (1MPa) induit une augmentation de la perméabilité aux gaz à partir du seuil de dilatance due à la microfissuration. Ainsi, comprendre la relation complexe entre l'évolution de la perméabilité et les sollicitations mécaniques et thermiques est important pour comprendre tout risque de fuite. Ainsi, nous avons réalisé une série d'expérience sur un sel analogue (sel MDPA). La porosité du sel étudié est très faible (~1%) et sa perméabilité initiale varie de 4.5 d'ordres de grandeur. L'effet Klinkenberg n'est observé que pour les échantillons les moins endommagés. Le couplage poroélastique est presque négligeable. Le chargement déviatorique sous faible pression de confinement (1MPa) induit une augmentation de la perméabilité aux gaz à partir du seuil de dilatance due à la microfissuration. La mesure des vitesses des ondes ultrasonores lors de la compression uniaxiale montre une fermeture irréversible des microfissures préexistantes et l'ouverture de microfissures axiales perpendiculaires et parallèles à la direction de la contrainte permettant une détermination précise du seuil de dilatance. Sous une pression de confinement plus élevée (5 MPa), le matériau devient entièrement plastique, ce qui élimine l'effet d'endommagement. Sous chargement hydrostatique, la perméabilité au gaz diminue en raison d'auto-cicatrisation. Tous ces résultats montrent que le stockage souterrain de l'hydrogène dans le sel est la solution la plus sûre. Dans le cas des roches poreuses, l'injection d'hydrogène peut induire des réactions géochimiques entre les fluides et les minéraux et une consommation du stock d'hydrogène catalysée par des micro-organismes tolérant les conditions extrêmes des aquifères et réservoirs ultra-salins. Pour étudier ces phénomènes, nous avons développé un nouveau dispositif expérimental pour simuler cette activité dans des conditions (T=35°C, PH2=50bar, Pconfinement=200bar). Le gaz sortant est échantillonné automatiquement avec une vanne HP-BP et sa concentration est mesurée par le micro-chromatographe pour quantifier tout changement. Nous avons choisi de travailler avec le grès de Vosges où nous incubons la bactérie Shewanella putrefaciens qui réduit le fer en présence d’hydrogène. Son métabolisme et performance en tant que bactérie hydrogénotrophe ont d'abord été testés en batch sur une roche en poudre. Les résultats ont montré que ce type de bactéries peut réduire le fer présent en utilisant d'abord ses sources endogènes d'électrons puis l'hydrogène, préférentiellement, l'hydrogène dissous. En conditions triaxiales, l'activité bactérienne ne semble pas avoir d'impact significatif, quelles que soient la concentration initiale en hydrogène (70% ou 5%) et la fréquence d'échantillonnage. De nombreuses hypothèses sont proposées pour expliquer les différences observées entre les conditions en batch et triaxiales : l'hydrogène dissous dans les eaux résiduelles, la faible surface d'échange pour les réactions biogéochimiques dans le cas des carottes solides, la lenteur de la cinétique. Malgré les incertitudes liées à l'expérimentation, nos résultats préliminaires suggèrent que le stockage souterrain [...]Hydrogen produced from water electrolysis appears to be the best candidate for large- scale geological storage to cover the intermittency of renewable energy. It can be stored either in salt caverns or in porous rocks like saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs. This thesis proposes an evaluation of the risk of gas leakage in the case of salt cavities and the risk of biogeochemical alteration of the gas stock in the case of porous reservoir rocks. Rock salt is a polycrystalline material with very low intrinsic permeability in undisturbed zones (around 10-21m2). It sealing capacity is due to the specific features of salt mechanical behavior and gas flow in such unconventional reservoirs (Klinkenberg effect). Deviatoric loading under low confining pressure (1MPa) induces a moderate increase in gas permeability from the dilatancy threshold due to microcracking disturbing the impermeability. So, understanding the complex relationship between permeability evolution and the mechanical and thermal solicitations is important to survey any possible risk of leakage. So, we performed a complete set of laboratory experiments on a rock salt specimen (MDPA in the East region of France). The porosity of the studied rock salt is very low (~1%) and the initial permeability varies over 4.5 orders of magnitude. Klinkenberg effect is only observed for the less damaged samples. The poroelastic coupling is almost negligible. Deviatoric loading under low confining pressure (1MPa) induces a moderate increase in gas permeability from the dilatancy threshold due to microcracking. Measurement of ultrasonic wave velocities during uniaxial compression showed an almost irreversible closure of pre-existing microcracks and the opening of axial microcracks that are perpendicular and parallel to the stress direction allowing a precise determination of the dilatancy threshold. Under higher confining pressure (5MPa), the material becomes fully plastic which practically eliminates damage. Under hydrostatic loading, gas permeability decreases because of the self-healing process. All these results give strong confidence in that underground hydrogen storage in salt caverns is the safest solution. In the case of porous reservoir rocks, hydrogen injection can induce geochemical redox reactions between the fluids and minerals and unwanted consumption of hydrogen stock catalyzed by microorganisms tolerating extreme conditions of deep saline aquifers and reservoirs.To study these phenomena, we developed a new experimental device to simulate the biochemical activity under extreme conditions (T=35°C, PH2=50bar, Pconfinement=200bar). The outflowing gas was automatically sampled with a HP-LP valve and the concentration was measured with a micro-gas chromatograph to quantify any change due to hydrogen bio-consumption. We chose to work on the Vosges sandstone where we incubate the Shewanella putrefaciens bacteria that reduce iron in the presence of hydrogen to produce energy. Its metabolism and performance as hydrogenotrophic bacteria were first tested in batch conditions on a rock powder. Results showed that this type of bacteria can reduce the iron present in the medium using endogenous sources of electrons first then hydrogen in the medium but preferentially dissolved hydrogen. Under triaxial conditions, the bacterial activity doesn’t seem to have a significant impact, whatever the initial hydrogen concentration (70% or 5%) and the sampling frequency (one or three days). Many hypotheses are proposed to explain the observed differences between batch and triaxial conditions: the scarcity of dissolved hydrogen in residual water, the low exchange surface for biogeochemical reactions in the case of solid core samples, the slow kinetic of hydrogen consumption by S. Despite the remaining uncertainties related to our experiments, our preliminary results suggest that the underground storage of pure hydrogen in porous reservoir rocks is not severely threatened by [...]
6
Mercerat, Enrique Diego. "Sismicité induite et modélisation numérique de l'endommagement dans un contexte salin". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL053N/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche mené par le GISOS (Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique de Recherche sur l’Impact et la Sécurité des Ouvrages Souterrains), le site pilote de Cerville-Buissoncourt (Lorraine, France) a fait l’objet d’une importante instrumentation géophysique et géotechnique pour assurer la surveillance d’une cavité saline à 200 m de profondeur, depuis son état stationnaire jusqu’à l’effondrement des terrains du recouvrement. Les objectifs principaux de cette thèse consistaient à : 1) valider la technique de surveillance basée sur l’écoute microsismique dans un contexte salin, et 2) modéliser numériquement le comportement mécanique complexe du recouvrement, particulièrement l’initiation des microfissures et leur propagation. L’analyse de la sismicité induite enregistrée a permis de caractériser l’état initial de la cavité en terme d’activité microsismique. Deux types d’événements ont été identifiés : les événements isolés correspondant aux ruptures localisées, et les événements en rafale, d’une dizaine de secondes de durée. D’après les résultats de localisation d’hypocentres, la totalité de la sismicité enregistrée est générée au niveau de la cavité dans le gisement de sel, ou bien dans les faciès marneux qui composent le toit immédiat de la cavité actuelle. Les déclenchements en rafale seraient liés à des phénomènes de délitement puis de décrochement de blocs de marne, suivis des chutes de blocs dans la cavité remplie de saumure. Le travail de modélisation numérique a été focalisé sur la possibilité de rendre compte de l’endommagement dans les couches fragiles du recouvrement. Nous avons mis en oeuvre un modèle géomécanique hybride à l’échelle du site pilote qui intègre les différentes formations géologiques présentes dans le recouvrement, ainsi que l’initiation, la propagation et la coalescence des microfissures dans le banc raide, à l’aide des logiciels FLAC et PFC2D. La calibration du modèle discret PFC2D pour reproduire le comportement en traction du banc raide a été vérifiée numériquement à l’échelle du site pilote. Cette vérification a été basée sur la comparaison, en termes de la réponse élastique et d’apparition des ruptures dans le banc raide, entre l’approche hybride FLACPFC 2D et la modélisation purement continue avec FLAC. Le modèle hybride ainsi défini pourra être utilisé dans le cadre d’une retro-analyse une fois que les mesures in-situ, notamment les enregistrements microsismiques et les données de déformation, seront disponibles à Cerville-BuissoncourtWithin the framework of a research program carried out by the GISOS (Scientific Grouping of Research Interest on the Impact and Safety of Underground Works), the pilot site of Cerville-Buissoncourt (Lorraine, France) was the subject of a large geophysical and geotechnical instrumentation to ensure the monitoring of a salt cavity at 200 m depth, from its stationary state to the final overburden collapse. The main objectives of this work consisted on : 1) the validation of the microseismic monitoring technique in a salt mine environment, and 2) the numerical modelling of the mechanical behavior of the overburden, particularly the initiation and the propagation of microcracks. The analysis of the recorded induced seismicity allowed to characterize the initial state of the cavity in terms of microseismic activity. Two types of events were identified : isolated events corresponding to localized ruptures, and swarms of events, of tens of seconds of duration. According to hypocenter location results, the totality of the recorded seismicity is generated either in the cavity surroundings within the salt layer, or in the marly facies of the current cavity roof. Swarms would be related to delamination of clayley marls in the immediate roof, followed by rock debris falling in the brine filled cavity. The numerical modelling was focused on the possibility of accounting for the damage in the fragile layers of the overburden. We implemented a hybrid geomechanical model of the pilot site which integrates the various geological formations present in the overburden, as well as the initiation, the propagation and the coalescence of microcracks in the stiff layer, using FLAC and PFC2D softwares. The calibration of the discrete PFC2D model to reproduce the tensile behaviour of the stiff layer was numerically checked on the site scale. The validation was based on the comparison, in terms of the elastic response and the damage onset in the stiff layer, between the hybrid approach FLAC-PFC2D and the purely continuous modelling using FLAC. The hybrid model thus defined would be used for back-analysis studies once in-situ measurements, in particular microseismic recordings and deformation data, will be available at Cerville-Buissoncourt
7
Bresolin, Geovani. "Simulação do comportamento dúctil de rochas salinas". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93678.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Florianópolis, 2010Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T01:58:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 287795.pdf: 3401102 bytes, checksum: c3f73af8e48372a3f4ea13893b781bb8 (MD5)
O objetivo da dissertação consiste em investigar o modelo constitutivo, proposto por Yahya, Aubertin e Julien, para rochas salinas, propor um algoritmo implícito e desenvolver um software para a análise do comportamento dúctil de rochas salinas, o qual ocorre nas condições para o desenvolvimento de campos de petróleo em águas profundas. A rocha salina é modelada como sendo um sólido elasto-viscoplástico, sem superfície de escoamento, sujeito a pequenas deformações e deslocamentos. O modelo utiliza variáveis internas ligadas aos fenômenos de endurecimento isotrópico e cinemático. Também incorpora os fenômenos de recuperação estática e dinâmica verificados experimentalmente na resposta de rochas salinas sob carregamentos gerais. A resposta em fluência do material é descrita por uma fase transiente e uma fase estacionária, as quais obedecem a uma regra de fluxo viscoplática, que depende da evolução das variáveis internas. Estas variáveis evoluem com o tempo descrevendo a fluência primária e saturam em um instante posterior possibilitando a descrição da fluência secundária. A evolução das variáveis internas é descrita através da especificação de leis de evolução, as quais são conduzidas por mecanismos que operam concomitantemente, tais como, endurecimento e amolecimento, sendo seus respectivos valores de saturação obtidos por equações dependentes do valor de saturação da tensão equivalente de von Mises, o qual é derivado através de uma equação seno hiperbólico, baseada em leis físicas, que representa o fluxo estacionário do material. Para a discretização das equações de evolução foi utilizado um método incremental implícito. Para a discretização do problema incremental foi aplicado o método de Galerkin conjuntamente com o método dos elementos finitos, utilizando na discretização do domínio geométrico um elemento finito quadrático triangular de seis nós. O software foi desenvolvido em linguagem Fortran orientada a objetos e utilizado na simulação de alguns ensaios mecânicos empregados na identificação das constantes materiais necessárias para a caracterização do modelo de rochas salinas. Dentre os vários ensaios utilizados, foram considerados os ensaios: de resistência à compressão uniaxial e triaxial; de fluência à compressão uniaxial e triaxial; de relaxação e de compressão diametral.
8
Pabón, Ruiz Yineth Johana. "Estudo bidimensional de cavernas em rochas salinas para armazenamento de gás". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.03.D.18284.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2015.Submitted by Ana Cristina Barbosa da Silva (annabds@hotmail.com) on 2015-05-26T17:17:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_YinethJohanaPabonRuiz.pdf: 3842988 bytes, checksum: 145851080b1b2fca34d8e9f9a98c0f4d (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2015-05-27T11:42:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_YinethJohanaPabonRuiz.pdf: 3842988 bytes, checksum: 145851080b1b2fca34d8e9f9a98c0f4d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-27T11:42:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_YinethJohanaPabonRuiz.pdf: 3842988 bytes, checksum: 145851080b1b2fca34d8e9f9a98c0f4d (MD5)
O armazenamento subterrâneo de gás e petróleo têm dois grandes propósitos: o primeiro deles pretende garantir a produção de petróleo de maneira constante e o segundo satisfazer uma relação ótima entre a produção e a demanda, o que é uma forma importante de regular as flutuações de preços. No Brasil, segundo Costa (2013), o papel da atividade de exploração e produção de gás natural até a década de 90 era muito mais de complementar e auxiliar a produção de petróleo do que de suprir o mercado de gás, mas no momento o setor está passando por mudanças significativas. Ao longo das últimas duas décadas, o consumo e a produção de gás natural cresceram e as reservas provadas aumentaram significativamente. Estudos recentes sugerem que as reservas brasileiras conhecidas irão aumentar ainda mais acentuadamente no futuro. Considerando essas variações de consumo, produção, infraestrutura e as reservas, é pertinente questionar a importância do armazenamento de gás no Brasil, pois atualmente, o gás é produzido e diretamente enviado pela rede de gasodutos para as unidades de tratamento de gás para ser especificado e posteriormente distribuído. A partir da necessidade exposta anteriormente e a espessura e continuidade da camada de sal que compõe as reservas de petróleo do pré-sal, estuda-se o comportamento de fluência da rocha salina composta principalmente por halita como local de construção de cavernas abertas por dissolução no mar aberto, para armazenamento de gás. Este estudo baseou-se na simulação no software de elementos finitos Abaqus da convergência de uma caverna de um diâmetro de 60 m e altura de 150 m construída a 3.500 m de profundidade em mar aberto, para um tempo de operação de 30 anos, sob condições diferentes de temperatura do maciço hospedeiro e pressão interna; através da lei potencial de fluência. Estas simulações permitiram encontrar uma combinação de temperatura e pressão interna mínima ótima para redução no volume ao final de tempo de operação próximo a 20%. Além do anterior os resultados mostram que a influência da temperatura na redução do volume da caverna é do tipo linear e as variações de pressão no interior permite concluir um comportamento parabólico de quarta ordem difícil de ajustar a uma só equação matemática.
Underground oil and gas storage have two purposes: the first one aims to ensure constant oil production and the second one, consist in satisfy an optimum relationship between production and demand, which is an important form to regulate price fluctuations. In Brazil, according to Costa (2013), the role for exploration activity and natural gas production until the 90s was more of a complementary and auxiliary activity for oil production than for supplying the gas market, but nowadays this sector is going through significant changes. Over the past two decades, the consumption and production of natural gas grew, and proved reserves increase significantly. Recent studies suggest that the known Brazilian reserves will increase even more pronounced in the future. Given these changes in consumption, production, infrastructure and reserves it is questionable the importance of gas storage in Brazil, since the gas is produced and sent directly by the pipeline network for gas treatment units to be specified and subsequently distributed. From the need exposed above and the thickness and continuity of the salt layer that composes the oil reserves in the pre-salt, it is studied creep behavior in salt rocks consisting mainly of halite in locations where caverns construction are held by dissolving method, at open sea for gas storage. This study was based on a cavern convergence simulation in the finite element software Abaqus. Cavern dimensions were set up to be of 60 m diameter, and 150 m height at 3.500 m deep at open sea, with an operating time of 30 years, under different conditions of temperature and internal pressure; by potential creep law. Such simulations allowed us to find a good combination of temperature and a minimum optimum internal pressure to decrease volume at the end of the operating time to approximately 20%. In addition to this, results showed that temperature influence in the cavern volume reduction is of linear type and it can be concluded that pressure variations inside the cavern have a fourth order parabolic behavior difficult to adjust to a mathematical equation.
9
Bresolin, Geovani. "Modelo viscoplástico com dano não local aplicado a rochas salinas sob deformações finitas". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/169082.
Abstract (sommario):
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Florianópolis, 2016.Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T04:03:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 342222.pdf: 4361221 bytes, checksum: 919c9f5fb959a3c8b8f73db44d340883 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
O presente trabalho consiste em propor um modelo constitutivo elastoviscoplástico com dano não local para a análise do comportamento dúctil e frágil de rochas salinas, no âmbito de grandes deformações, e desenvolver um sistema computacional, baseado no método dos elementos finitos, visando à solução de problemas em estado plano de deformações e axissimétricos. A formulação do modelo procede com uma descrição Lagrangeana total e considera as equações constitutivas escritas em termos da medida de deformação de Hencky e da tensão rotacionada de Kirchhoff. A modelagem da resposta dúctil (fluência primária e secundária) é descrita adotando um critério de escoamento de Drucker-Prager e a lei de fluência de Multimecanismos de Deformação (M-D) ou uma versão modificada da lei de Mecanismo Duplo. A descrição da degradação da rocha é baseada em um modelo constitutivo desenvolvido para a análise do comportamento de geomateriais, o qual considera o dano perante deformações volumétricas expansivas e permite estimar o comportamento frágil da rocha. No modelo teórico proposto considera-se, ainda, uma teoria não local de dano baseada na teoria de primeiro gradiente do dano, tendo como objetivo principal reduzir a sensibilidade da malha de elementos finitos na resposta dos problemas. Além disso, propôs-se um método numérico semi-implícito, na formulação incremental do problema, com a finalidade de obter soluções numéricas aproximadas utilizando o método de elementos finitos de Galerkin. A fim de validar o modelo proposto e o código implementado foram simulados numericamente alguns ensaios mecânicos de rochas, além da simulação do comportamento de distintos túneis em formações salinas para fins de avaliação qualitativa das respostas da fluência e do dano. O modelo constitutivo proposto, através do código desenvolvido, forneceu uma representação adequada do comportamento de fluência das rochas salinas e descreveu qualitativamente bem o dano gerado nestas rochas.
Abstract : The objectives of this study were to propose an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model with non-local damage for the analysis of the ductile and brittle behavior of rock salt under finite strains, and develop a computer system, based on the finite element method, in order to solve plane strain and axisymmetric problems. The model formulation proceeds with a total Lagrangian description and considers the constitutive equations written in terms of the Hencky strain measure and the rotated Kirchhoff stress. The modeling of the ductile response (primary and secondary creep) is described employing the Drucker-Prager yield criterion and the Multi-mechanism Deformation (M-D) model for creep or a modified version of the Double Mechanism creep law. The description of rock degradation is based on a constitutive model developed for the analysis of the behavior of geomaterials, which considers the damage under expansive volumetric strains and allows the brittle behavior of the rock to be estimated. In the proposed theoretical model a non-local damage theory based on the first gradient theory for damage is also considered, mainly in order to reduce the sensitivity of the response of the finite elements mesh to the problems. Moreover, in the incremental formulation of the problem a semi-implicit numerical scheme is proposed, aimed at obtaining approximate numerical solutions using the Galerkin finite element method. In order to validate the proposed model and the code implemented some rock mechanical tests were numerically simulated along with the behavior of different tunnels in saline formations to obtain a qualitative evaluation of creep and damage responses. The proposed constitutive model, through the code developed, provided an acceptable representation of the creep behavior of rock salt and good qualitative description of the damage generated in these rocks.
10
Araújo, Catarina Nogueira de. "Desenvolvimento de um elemento finito para modelagem do comportamento de poços verticais em rochas salinas". Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/3504.
Abstract (sommario):
This work describes the development of an axisymmetric finite element for the simulation of the viscous behavior of rock salt during vertical well drilling. Based on the displacement formulation of the Finite Element Method, functions on the format of the simplified elastic solution are used for the interpolation inside the element, thereby it is possible to describe the behavior of the system with a few degrees of freedom. The numerical modeling using the proposed element provides faster and more precise answers, therefore it can be used to assist both the design and making of wells, risk analysis and the calibration of the rock viscoelastic parameters in real scale situations. A model with few degrees of freedom representing the studied problem is useful for the low time required to provide results. To verify the proposed element efficiency, results and comparisons with classical finite elements are presented.FUNDEPES - Fundação Universitária de Desenvolvimento de Extensão e Pesquisa
PRH-ANP - Programa de Recursos Humanos da Agência Nacional do Petróleo
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um elemento finito axissimétrico para a simulação do comportamento viscoso de rochas salinas durante a perfuração de poços verticais. Baseado na formulação em deslocamento do Método dos Elementos Finitos e utilizando funções de interpolação no formato da solução do problema elástico simplificado, o uso do elemento permite representar com poucos graus de liberdade os fenômenos envolvidos no sistema em questão. A utilização do elemento proposto na modelagem numérica do problema fornece respostas mais precisas e em menos tempo, auxiliando tanto na elaboração de projetos de poços como no acompanhamento de sua execução, em análises de risco e na calibração dos parâmetros viscosos das rochas em situações de escala real. A vantagem de se ter disponível um modelo com poucos graus de liberdade representativo do problema posto é a rapidez com que resultados podem ser obtidos. Para verificação da eficiência do elemento finito proposto são apresentados resultados e comparações com o elemento clássico, com funções de interpolação exclusivamente polinomiais, usualmente utilizado para discretizar esse problema.
Libri sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Saline water and gases in crystalline rocks. St. John's, Nfld., Canada: Geological Association of Canada, 1987.
2
Bažant, Zdenek P., Jia-Liang Le e Marco Salviato. Quasibrittle Fracture Mechanics and Size Effect. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846242.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Many modern engineering structures are composed of brittle heterogenous (a.k.a. quasibrittle) materials. These materials include concrete (an archetype), composites, tough ceramics, rocks, cold asphalt mixtures, and many brittle materials at the microscale. Understanding the failure behavior of these materials is of paramount importance for improving the resilience and sustainability of various engineering structures including civil infrastructure, aircraft, ships, military armors, and microelectronic devices. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of quasibrittle fracture mechanics. It first presents a concise but rigorous and complete treatment of the linear elastic fracture mechanics, which is the foundation of all fracture mechanics. The topics covered include energy balance analysis of fracture, analysis of near-tip field and stress intensity factors, Irwin's relationship, J-integral, calculation of compliance function and deflection, and analysis of interfacial crack. Built upon the content of linear elastic fracture mechanics, the book presents various fundamental concepts of nonlinear fracture mechanics, which include estimation of inelastic zone size, cohesive crack model, equivalent linear elastic fracture mechanics model, R-curve, and crack band model. The book also discusses some more advanced concepts such as the effects of the triaxial stress state in the fracture process zone, nonlocal continuum models, and discrete computational model. The significant part of the book is devoted to the discussion of the energetic and statistical size effects, which is a salient feature of quasibrittle fracture. The book also presents probabilistic fracture mechanics, and its consequent reliability-based structural analysis and design of quasibrittle structures. Finally, the book provides an extensive review of various practical applications of quasibrittle fracture mechanics.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Shvyryaeva, A. M. "On the Possibility of Applying the Geobotanical Method in the Search for Saline-Dome Structures in the North Caspian Area". In Plant Indicators of Soils, Rocks, and Subsurface Waters, 165–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4914-1_33.
2
Horn Filho, Norberto Olmiro, e Carlos Roney Tagliani. "Recursos Minerais da Planície Costeira". In Recursos Minerais Marinhos. Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica - SBGf, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/sbgfbook.cad5.2023.cap2.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo Os principais recursos minerais da planície costeira com uso direto pelo homem são a água doce e salgada, rochas, saibreiras, areias e cascalhos, argilas, placeres, carbonatos e turfas, utilizados para o abastecimento de áreas urbanas e centros industriais; brita, enrocamentos, molhes, aterros, chapa de revestimento e pedra de cantaria; construção civil, aterros, revestimentos de estradas e loteamentos; indústria da cerâmica branca ou nobre (pisos, azulejos e louças) e cerâmica vermelha (tijolos, telhas e lajotas); indústria (metálicos) e gemas; corretivo agrícola e cimento na construção civil e corretivo de solo e fertilizante, respectivamente. O uso indireto dos recursos minerais está relacionado à urbanização, parques eólicos, culturas em geral, reflorestamento, salinas solares, extração de sais e talassoterapia. Palavras-chave: exploração e explotação mineral, uso direto e indireto, desenvolvimento costeiro. Abstract The main mineral resources of the coastal plain with direct use by man are fresh and salt water, rocks, saibreiras, sand and gravel, clay, placers, carbonates and peat, used to supply urban areas and industrial centers; brita, rockfills, breakwaters, embankments, cladding and masonry stone; civil construction, landfills, road coverings and allotments; white or noble ceramics industry (floors, tiles and tableware) and red ceramics (bricks, tiles and tiles); industry (metals) and gemstones; agricultural corrective and cement in civil construction and soil corrective and fertilizer, respectively. The indirect use of mineral resources is related to urbanization, eolic farms, crops in general, reforestation, solar saline, salt extraction and thalassotherapy. Keywords: mineral exploration and explotation, direct and indirect use, coastal development.
3
Hutchison, Charles S. "Mississippi Valley-type epigenetic deposits". In South-East Asian Oil, Gas, Coal and Mineral Deposits, 210–15. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198542957.003.0013.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Mississippi Valley-type deposits are stratiform concentrations predominantly of galena and sphalerite, most commonly but not exclusively, in carbonate host rocks. Fluorite and/or barite, pyrite and chalcopyrite, are usually also present. The host rocks are exclusively shallow water, marine carbonate-dominated sequences, and they always occur on the rim of a large sedimentary basin or over basement highs at or near limestone/dolomite or limestone/shale interfaces, and at any depth (Hutchison, 1983a). The deposits are truly epigenetic, that is not formed contemporaneously with the host rocks. The low temperature hydrothermal solutions are considered to have moved laterally out of a major sedimentary basin towards its margins, where the change in salinity caused the deposition. Mississippi Valley-type deposits are therefore considered to be laterally secreted epigenetic deposits. The fluorite in such deposits often contains hydrocarbon globules, suggesting that large scale brine migration up-dip from the basin may also have carried the metals. These then became concentrated on the basin margins where the saline solutions encoumered fresh or less saline water and sedimentary facies changes, for example to carhonates, which provided suitable host rocks for mineral deposition.
4
Martins da Silva, Maria Augusta, Flávio Zaborne Oliver, Lauro Júlio Calliari e Tim Lowenstein. "Evaporitos". In Recursos Minerais Marinhos. Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica - SBGf, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/sbgfbook.cad5.2023.cap4.
Abstract (sommario):
Evaporitos são rochas sedimentares formadas por sais de grande valor econômico. Bacias sedimentares com sequências de evaporitos de mais de 1 quilômetro de espessura, com idades que vão do Proterozoico até os dias atuais, fornecem diversos tipos de sais, tais como a halita o sal mais explorado comercialmente e utilizado para o consumo humano desde a antiguidade, a gipsita e a anidrita, sais de potássio como a silvita, entre dezenas de minerais evaporíticos marinhos que se constituem em matéria-prima para os mais diversos fins (fertilizantes, material de construção, etc.). Além disso, ambientes evaporíticos são propícios ao acúmulo de matéria orgânica com potencial para a geração de petróleo. Os evaporitos podem também ser selantes para a formação dos reservatórios de petróleo em especial quando ocorrem na forma de domos e diápiros de sal. No ambiente marinho, os evaporitos podem se formar na região costeira, em planícies de sal (ou sabkhas), lagunas e salinas, bem como em ambientes marinhos rasos e de águas mais profundas. Morfologias e estruturas sedimentares caracterizam as fácies dos sais nesses ambientes e fornecem evidências para o reconhecimento paleoambiental e modos de formação e evolução das sequências evaporíticas. Alguns depósitos comercialmente explorados são aqui apresentados: a gipsita do Lago MacDonnell, no sul da Austrália, formada pela inundação da região costeira em consequência da subida do nível do mar no Holoceno; a halita extraída de diversas minas da Bacia do Zechstein (Europa), um enorme graben Permiano ocupado por uma bacia marinha com ambientes de plataforma e águas profundas; a silvita extraída da mina de Taquari-Vassouras a partir da sequência evaporítica do Cretáceo da Bacia de Sergipe formada durante a fase inicial de abertura do oceano Atlântico Sul. Palavras-chave: sabkha, salinas, evaporitos de água rasa, evaporitos de águas profundas, Lake MacDonnell, Bacia de Sergipe, Bacia de Zeckstein. Abstract Evaporites are sedimentary rocks formed by salts of great economic value. Sedimentary basins containing thick sequences of evaporites (1 km or more), from the Proterozoic to the present day, provide salts such as halite, gypsum, anhydrite and potash salts such as sylvite, among a dozen of other marine salts, which are feedstocks for many purposes (human and animal consumption, fertilizers, construction material, etc.). In addition to that, evaporitic environments are favorable to organic matter accumulation with potential for oil generation. The evaporites can also be seals for oil reservoirs, in special when in the form of domes and salt diapirs. Evaporites in the marine environment appear along the coastal region on salt plains or sabkhas, lagoons and salinas, as well as in shallow and deeper waters. Morphologies and sedimentary structures characterize the salt facies formed in such settings and provide evidence for the paleoenvironmental recognition, mechanisms of salt formation and of economic deposits. Some of the world’s commercial deposits are described here: the gypsum deposit of the Lake MacDonnell, south of Australia, formed by coastal flooding during the Holocene sea-level rise; the halite extracted from mines in the Zechstein Basin, northern Europe, an enormous graben occupied by a marine basin with well-developed platform – deep basin in the Permian; sylvinite mined from Taquari-Vassouras which belongs to Sergipe Basin where a Cretaceous evaporite sequence represent the initial stage of formation of the South Atlantic Ocean. Keywords: sabkha, salina, shallow/deep waters; Lake MacDonnell, Zechstein Basin, Sergipe Basin
5
Davis, Richard. "Introduction: Enter the Internet". In The Web Of Politics, 3–8. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114843.003.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract On July 17, 1996, an explosion rocked TWA’s Flight 800 shortly after it departed from JFK airport. The plane plummeted to the earth in pieces. Months later, after extensive search operations and testing by various governmental organizations, the mystery of what downed the Paris-bound flight remained. Nearly four months later, Pierre Salinger, former Kennedy White House press secretary and ABC News reporter, announced that he had solved the puzzle. Using a document he had obtained from a French intelligence source, Salinger announced that the U.S. government had covered up an accidental shooting down of the plane by a Navy ship in training exercises.
6
Willner, A. P., C. R. van Staal, J. Glodny, M. Sudo e A. Zagorevski. "Conditions and timing of metamorphism near the Baie Verte Line (Baie Verte Peninsula, NW Newfoundland, Canada): Multiple reactivations within the suture zone of an arc-continent collision". In New Developments in the Appalachian-Caledonian- Variscan Orogen. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.2554(09).
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT The Baie Verte Line in western Newfoundland marks a suture zone between (1) an upper plate represented by suprasubduction zone oceanic crust (Baie Verte oceanic tract) and the trailing continental Notre Dame arc, with related upper-plate rocks built upon the Dashwoods terrane; and (2) a lower plate of Laurentian margin metasedimentary rocks with an adjoining ocean-continent transition zone (Birchy Complex). The Baie Verte oceanic tract formed during closure of the Taconic seaway in a forearc position and started to be obducted onto the Laurentian margin between ca. 485 and 476 Ma (early Taconic event), whereas the Birchy Complex, at the leading edge of the Laurentian margin, was subducted to maximum depths as calculated by pseudosection techniques (6.7–11.2 kbar, 315–560 °C) by ca. 467–460 Ma, during the culmination of the Taconic collision between the trailing Notre Dame arc and Laurentia, and it cooled isobarically to 9.2–10.0 kbar and 360–450 °C by 454–449 Ma (M1). This collisional wedge progressively incorporated upper-plate Baie Verte oceanic tract rocks, with remnants preserved in M1 high-pressure, low-temperature greenschist-facies rocks (4.8–8.0 kbar, 270–340 °C) recording typical low metamorphic gradients (10–14 °C/km). Subsequently, the early Taconic collisional wedge was redeformed and metamorphosed during the final stages of the Taconic cycle. We relate existing and new 40Ar/39Ar ages between 454 and 439 Ma to a late Taconic reactivation of the structurally weak suture zone. The Taconic wedge on both sides of the Baie Verte suture zone was subsequently strongly shortened (D2), metamorphosed (M2), and intruded by a voluminous suite of plutons during the Salinic orogenic cycle. Calculated low- to medium-pressure, low-temperature M2 conditions in the Baie Verte oceanic tract varied at 3.0–5.0 kbar and 275–340 °C, with increased metamorphic gradients of ~17–25 °C/km during activity of the Notre Dame arc, and correlate with M2 assemblages in the Birchy Complex. These conditions are associated with existing Salinic S2 white mica 40Ar/39Ar ages of ca. 432 Ma in a D2 transpressional shear zone and synkinematic intrusions of comparable age. A third metamorphic event (M3) was recorded during the Devonian with calculated low-pressure, low-temperature conditions of 3.2–3.8 kbar and 315–330 °C under the highest metamorphic gradients (23–30 °C/km) and associated with Devonian–early Carboniferous isotopic ages as young as 356 ± 5 Ma. The youngest ages are related to localized extension associated with a large-scale transtensional zone, which reused parts of the Baie Verte Line suture zone. Extension culminated in the formation of a Middle to Late Devonian Neoacadian metamorphic core complex in upper- and lower-plate rocks by reactivation of Baie Verte Line tectonites formed during the Taconic and Salinic cycles. The Baie Verte Line suture zone is a collisional complex subjected to repeated, episodic structural reactivation during the Late Ordovician Taconic 3, Silurian Salinic, and Early–Late Devonian Acadian/Neoacadian orogenic cycles. Deformation appears to have been progressively localized in major fault zones associated with earlier suturing. This emphasizes the importance of existing zones of structural weakness, where reactivation took place in the hinterland during successive collision events.
7
ALINE OLIVEIRA DA, SILVA, SILVA ALASSE OLIVEIRA DA, LIMA SILVIA KALINI DOS SANTOS DE, VIÉGAS ISMAEL DE JESUS MATOS e SILVA DIOCLÉA ALMEIDA SEABRA. "PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA EM MUDAS DE AÇAIZEIRO (Euterpe Oleracea Mart.) CULTIVAR BRS PAI D’ÉGUA, CULTIVADOS EM LATOSSOLO AMARELO TEXTURA MÉDIA, EM FUNÇÃO DA CALAGEM". In PERSPECTIVAS DAS CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS NA SOCIEDADE 5.0: EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E AMOR, 222–27. Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31692/978-65-88970-07-2.222-227.
Abstract (sommario):
A agricultura, além de garantir a segurança alimentar da população brasileira, e de boa parcela da população mundial, também gera empregos, renda e boa qualidade de vida aos produtores e consumidores. O solo, o meio principal para o crescimento das plantas, é uma camada de material biologicamente ativo, resultante de transformações complexas que envolvem o intemperismo de rochas e minerais, a ciclagem de nutrientes e a produção e decomposição de biomassa. (GUILHERME et al, 2019) A hipótese desse trabalho é verificar se diferentes compostos orgânicos aplicados no solo cultivado com sorgo irrigado com água salina influenciam na lixiviação de íons tóxicos quando irrigado com água com alta salinidade. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito que a salinidade da água de irrigação e o uso de compostos orgânicos podem influenciar no acúmulo de sódio e cloro na água de drenagem, ao final do ciclo vegetativo do sorgo cv BRS Ponta Negra.
8
EULER DOS SANTOS, SILVA, ALVES ELIZABETH CRISTINA GURGEL DE ALBUQUERQUE, SILVA ANNE CAROLINNE RODRIGUES LINHARES DA e SOUSA ROBSON ALEXSANDRO DE. "QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE ÍONS TÓXICOS NO LIXIVIADO DO SOLO SUBMETIDO A ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA E IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA SALINA". In PERSPECTIVAS DAS CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS NA SOCIEDADE 5.0: EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E AMOR, 215–21. Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31692/978-65-88970-07-2.215-221.
Abstract (sommario):
A agricultura, além de garantir a segurança alimentar da população brasileira, e de boa parcela da população mundial, também gera empregos, renda e boa qualidade de vida aos produtores e consumidores. O solo, o meio principal para o crescimento das plantas, é uma camada de material biologicamente ativo, resultante de transformações complexas que envolvem o intemperismo de rochas e minerais, a ciclagem de nutrientes e a produção e decomposição de biomassa. (GUILHERME et al, 2019) A hipótese desse trabalho é verificar se diferentes compostos orgânicos aplicados no solo cultivado com sorgo irrigado com água salina influenciam na lixiviação de íons tóxicos quando irrigado com água com alta salinidade. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito que a salinidade da água de irrigação e o uso de compostos orgânicos podem influenciar no acúmulo de sódio e cloro na água de drenagem, ao final do ciclo vegetativo do sorgo cv BRS Ponta Negra.
9
Turner, Stephen J., Graeme Reynolds e Steffen G. Hagemann. "Chapter 13: Boddington: An Enigmatic Giant Archean Gold-Copper (Molybdenum-Silver) Deposit in the Southwest Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia". In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 275–88. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.13.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Boddington is a giant, enigmatic, and atypical Archean Au-Cu deposit hosted in a small, remnant greenstone belt within granite-gneiss and migmatite of the Southwest terrane of the Yilgarn craton, Western Australia. Primary Au and Cu (and Mo) mineralization consists of a network of thin fractures and veins, controlled by shear zones, and dominantly hosted by early dioritic intrusions and their immediate wall rocks, which comprise felsic to intermediate-composition volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. The pre-~2714 Ma host rocks are typically steeply dipping and strongly deformed, with early ductile and overprinting brittle-ductile fabrics, and have been metamorphosed at mid- to upper greenschist facies. Features consistent with porphyry-style mineralization, classic orogenic shear zones, and intrusion-related Au-Cu-Bi mineralization are all recognized, giving rise to a variety of genetic interpretations. It is clear that Boddington does not fit any classic Archean orogenic gold deposit model, having a general lack of quartz veins and iron carbonate alteration, a Cu (Mo and Bi) association, zoned geochemical anomalism, and evidence of high-temperature, saline ore-forming fluids. Detailed petrographic, geochemical, and melt inclusion studies suggest a late-stage ~2612 Ma, monzogranite intrusion as one of the principal sources of the mineralizing fluids. However, there is also local evidence for older, perhaps protore, porphyry-style Cu (±Au) in the dioritic intrusions and patchy, locally high-grade, orogenic-style gold mineralization associated with enclosing shear zones and brittle-style deformation, which was focused on the relatively competent dioritic intrusions. The relative contributions of metals from these components to the system may not be resolvable. It appears that the Boddington deposit has been a locus for multiple episodes of intrusion, alteration, and mineralization over an extended period of time, as has been demonstrated in a number of other large Canadian and Australian gold deposits, including the Golden Mile near Kalgoorlie.
10
Bethke, Craig M. "Evaporation". In Geochemical Reaction Modeling. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094756.003.0022.
Abstract (sommario):
The process of evaporation, including transpiration (evaporation from plants), returns to the atmosphere more than half of the water reaching the Earth’s land surface; thus, it plays an important role in controlling the chemistry of surface water and groundwater, especially in relatively arid climates. Geochemists study the evaporation process to understand the evolution of water in desert playas and lakes as well as the origins of evaporite deposits. They also investigate environmental aspects of evaporation (e.g., Appelo and Postma, 1993), such as its effects on the chemistry of rainfall and, in areas where crops are irrigated, the quality of groundwater and runoff. To model the chemical effects of evaporation, we construct a reaction path in which H2O is removed from a solution, thereby progressively concentrating the solutes. We also must account in the model for the exchange of gases such as CO2 and O2 between fluid and atmosphere. In this chapter we construct simulations of this sort, modeling the chemical evolution of water from saline alkaline lakes and the reactions that occur as seawater evaporates to desiccation. We choose as a first example the evaporation of spring water from the Sierra Nevada mountains of California and Nevada, USA, as modeled by Garrels and Mackenzie (1967). Their hand calculation, the first reaction path traced in geochemistry (see Chapter 1), provided the inspiration for Helgeson’s (1968 and later) development of computerized methods for reaction modeling. Garrels and Mackenzie wanted to test whether simple evaporation of groundwater discharging from the mountains, which is the product of the reaction of rainwater and CO2 with igneous rocks, could produce the water compositions found in the saline alkaline lakes of the adjacent California desert. They began with the mean of analyses of perennial springs from the Sierra Nevada (Table 18.1). The springs are Na-Ca-HCO3 waters, rich in dissolved silica.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Wang, Bo, Xiangzeng Wang, Yiming Chen, Quansheng Liang e Fanhua Zeng. "A Review-Dissolution and Mineralization Storage of CO2 Geological Storage in Saline Aquifers". In SPE Canadian Energy Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212790-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Saline aquifer has become the preferred storage location of carbon capture, and storage (CCS) technology because of its wide distribution, large storage capacity and high safety factor. According to IPCC statistics, the storage capacity of saline aquifers worldwide is 400 – 10000 Gt, which is dozens of times that of oil and gas reservoirs and hundreds of times that of coal seams. Therefore, the carbon storage in saline aquifer has the most potential for CO2 storage. Carbon sequestration in saline aquifers includes four trapping mechanisms: short-term geological and hydrodynamic capture and long-term geochemical (solubility and mineral) capture. Moreover, the solubility of CO2 in saline aquifer and the mechanism of mineral capture (salt precipitation) depends on the injected CO2 and the water-rock characteristics of saline aquifer. However, current knowledge on geochemical capture is still at an early stage compared to other capture theories. Recent researches indicate that although temperature, pressure, salinity of formation water and mineral composition of formation rocks are important factors affecting mineral storage, other reservoir parameters, such as reservoir thickness, dip angle, anisotropy, and bedding distribution, may also significantly affect salt precipitation, mineral storage, and geo-chemical storage. In this paper, we would like to present a comprehensive review on the solubility model of CO2 in saline aquifers, the phase permeability change of CO2 and saline aquifers, the mechanism of CO2-water -rock interaction, the dissolution and precipitation model of inorganic salt minerals, and the influencing factors for CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. We believe that this review lays a foundation for future study of carbon storage technology in saline aquifer.
2
Ennin, Edward. "Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Drainage in Saline Aquifer". In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200911-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Geological storage of CO2 in saline aquifers is recognized as a favorable technique that could deliver a significant decrease in CO2 emissions over the short to medium-term. However, the major risk is the possibility of leakage and injection limitation due to pore pressure. This research investigates the three major mechanisms of CO2 trapping to determine which method safely captures the most CO2, interrogates the pore pressure effect on storage, and compares traditional core flooding methods for CO2 storage with CO2 drainage which is more practical in the aquifer. A core flooding set up was built to replicate reservoir conditions of the Anadarko Basin in Texas, USA. The research involved three reservoir pay zone rocks obtained from depths of about 7687ft that were pieced together to undergo core flooding at 4400psi-5200psi and a temperature of 168°F. In the first study conducted the core was flooded with supercritical CO2 and brine of salinity 4000ppm to generate relative permeability curves to represent drainage and imbibition. For the duration of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th studies the core saturated with brine is flooded with CO2 at pressures of 4400psi, 4800psi, and 5200psi. Parameters like the volume of CO2 captured, connate water volumes, differential pressure, Ph of produced water, trapping efficiency, relative permeability, and fractional flow curves are noted. After scrutinizing the result it is observed that the highest volume of CO2 is captured by solubility trapping followed by structural trapping and residual trapping in that order. From this research, it can be concluded that CO2 trapping, at least for these reservoir rocks, is not affected by pore pressure. Also contrary to most practices CO2 storage is best replaced in the laboratory using drainage experiments instead of the widely used relative permeability approach.
3
Kuzin, D. A. "STUDY OF THE INSOLUBLE RESIDUE OF SALINE ROCKS OF THE VERKHNEKAMSKOYE DEPOSIT". In Проблемы минералогии, петрографии и металлогении. Научные чтения памяти П. Н. Чирвинского. Perm State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/chirvinsky.2023.154.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper, the methods of studying the insoluble residue of salts of the Verkhnekamskoye deposit are analyzed. The results obtained by applying of our own methods are presented. The insoluble residue is investigated under an electron microscope, followed by a description of the grains with a microprobe analysis.
4
Tariq, Zeeshan, Abdulazeez Abdulraheem, Salaheldin Elkatatny, Mohamed Mahmoud, Arqam Muqtadir e Mobeen Murtaza. "Geomechanical Studies on CO2 Sequestrated Rocks in an Aqueous Saline Environment". In SPE Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/192242-ms.
5
Nolting, Andrea F., George A. Eleftheriou, Hisham M. Alqassab e Martin J. Terrell. "Impact of Heterogeneity on CO2 Storage in Carbonate Saline Aquifers". In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23876-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper provides an investigation into the feasibility of carbon storage in saline aquifers, with a specific focus on the potential of injecting CO2 into heterogeneous carbonate rock aquifers that feature both conventional pore type system (referred to as the matrix) and secondary dissolution pore systems (non-matrix). Key areas of interest include the storage potential of the saline aquifer, injectivity of the wells, and the shape and size of CO2 plumes at the end of injection as well as several decades after injection. To explore the potential of carbonate aquifers for CO2 storage and investigate the complex nature of carbonate rocks on CO2 migration and storage efficiency, the investigation builds twelve distinct geological scenarios that entail varying the quality of matrix systems into three distinct matrix sets: low-quality, moderate-quality, and high-quality matrix porosity and permeability properties. In addition, different non-matrix abundance is superimposed on the three matrix sets, producing significantly different levels of permeability contrast between matrix and non-matrix pore systems. Sensitivity of the results to fluid properties and rock-fluid interactions, such as different scenarios of displacement functions, salinity, and vertical transmissibility, are also tested and benchmarked. The study demonstrates that non-matrix properties and distribution plays a crucial role in both injectivity and CO2 plume size, particularly in low-quality matrix conditions. The research also highlights that geological heterogeneity significantly affects plume growth and vertical distribution, particularly when there is a substantial contrast between matrix and non-matrix reservoir properties. Additionally, the most effective storage efficiency and minimal plume overprint occur when the matrix is of moderate quality (8%-24% porosity) and non-matrix features are present in low abundance.
6
Cui, H. Z., C. M. Niu, H. Y. Li, L. F. Sun e P. Xu. "Saline Environment Source Rocks Evaluation of Continental Rift Basin: A Case Study in LZW Depression, China". In EAGE 2020 Annual Conference & Exhibition Online. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202010726.
7
Belyaeva, T. A., P. P. Bobrov, E. S. Kroshka e A. V. Repin. "Complex dielectric permittivity of saline soils and rocks at frequencies from 10 kHz to 8 GHz". In 2017 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers.2017.8262278.
8
Kovbasiuk, I. M., O. B. Martsynkiv, Y. M. Femiak, I. I. Vytvytskyi e Y. D. Zhdanov. "Research of the stressed state of saline rocks of Prykarpattia deposits under the influence of thermobaric conditions". In XIV International Scientific Conference “Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment”. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202056048.
9
Correia, João Paulo Araújo, e João Paulo Lima Santos. "Avaliação Numérica da Integridade Estrutural de Revestimento de Poços de Petróleo em Zonas de Alta Pressão e Temperatura (HPHT) e Áreas de Rochas Salinas". In XXXVI Iberian Latin American Congress on Computational Methods in Engineering. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: ABMEC Brazilian Association of Computational Methods in Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/cilamce2015-0662.
10
Tariq, Zeeshan, Bicheng Yan e Shuyu Sun. "A Deep Learning Framework to Forecast Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of CO2 Mineralization in Reactive Rocks". In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216998-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Reactive rocks, such as basalt, are composed of a variety of minerals, with pyroxene, olivine, and plagioclase feldspar being among the predominant minerals. When exposed to carbon dioxide (CO2)-charged waters, these rocks can undergo a series of reactions, leading to the formation of stable carbonates. These carbonates can store carbon for thousands of years, contributing to climate change mitigation. To better understand the interplay between CO2 and brine in these reactive formations, numerical simulations are a very useful tool. However, simulating fluid flow in these reservoirs can pose significant computational challenges. The inherent reactivity of various minerals complicates the modeling process, leading to computationally expensive simulations. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning workflow that can predict the changes in CO2 mineralization over time and space in saline aquifers, offering a more efficient approach compared to traditional physics-based simulations. To achieve this, a numerical simulation model was created to replicate the CO2 injection process in saline aquifers. The model was then sampled using the Latin-Hypercube method, considering various parameters related to petrophysics, geology, reservoir, and decision-making. These samples generated a comprehensive training dataset of approximately 700 simulation cases, forming the basis for training the UNet model, a type of convolutional neural network. The UNet models were trained, incorporating information on reservoir properties, well characteristics, and time, enabling the prediction of mineral precipitation at different spatial and temporal scales. During the training process, the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) was used as the loss function to prevent overfitting. Evaluation of the trained UNet model was performed using three error metrics: the normalized root mean square (NRMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and the coefficient of determination (R2). The model achieved an R2 value of 0.998 for training and 0.991 for testing, indicating its accuracy in predicting the evolution of mineral concentrations over time and space. The MAPE for all mappings was approximately 5%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the trained model. In terms of computational efficiency, the UNet model’s prediction CPU time per case was remarkably fast, averaging only 0.2 seconds. This is significantly faster compared to the time required by the physics-based reservoir simulator, which took 21600 seconds per case. Thus, the proposed method not only provides accurate predictions comparable to physics-based models but also offers substantial computational time savings. The deep learning models developed in this study offer a computationally faster alternative to traditional numerical simulators for assessing mineralization trapping in geological carbon storage (GCS) projects, specifically concerning the mineral trapping mechanism.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Roches salines":
1
Jefferson, C. W., S. Pehrsson, V. Tschirhart, T. Peterson, L. Chorlton, K. Bethune, J. C. White et al. Geology and metallogeny of the northeast Thelon Basin region, Nunavut, and comparison with the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332499.
Abstract (sommario):
Based on extensive remapping of the northeast Thelon Basin region in Nunavut, uranium exploration criteria are adapted from those of the Athabasca Basin in Saskatchewan, as basin-specific paradigms. The Athabasca Basin straddles the Rae and Hearne cratons and the Taltson magmatic zone, whereas the Thelon Basin rests entirely within the Rae Craton. In the Athabasca Basin, four unconformity-bounded siliciclastic sequences with different paleocurrents record a complex depositional history, whereas the Thelon Formation is a single, albeit cyclic siliciclastic unit with uni-modal paleocurrents. Beneath the Athabasca Basin, amphibolite-grade, conductive graphitic-pyritic-Paleoproterozoic units localize all major deposits. Conductor analogues below the Thelon Basin are barren, impermeable, black slate of anchizone to lower-greenschist-facies grade. Instead, the Thelon uranium deposit host rocks are Neoarchean pyritic greywacke and epiclastic rocks that range in metamorphic grade from lower- to upper-amphibolite facies. Similar mineralogical sources, saline brines, alteration (fluorapatite, aluminum-phosphate-sulphate minerals, chlorite, clays, and desilicification), and reactivated intersecting faults focused unconformity-type uranium mineralization in each basin. Previously published ages for pre-ore fluorapatite cements of the Athabasca and Thelon basins (1638 versus 1688 to 1667 Ma, respectively) reaffirm their independent diagenetic-hydrothermal histories.
2
Clark, Donald L., Stefan M. Kirby e Charles G. Oviatt. Geologic Map of the Rush Valley 30' X 60' Quadrangle, Tooele, Utah, and Salt Lake Counties, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, agosto 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/m-294dm.
Abstract (sommario):
The Rush Valley 30' x 60' quadrangle extends southwest and west from the greater Salt Lake City–Provo metropolitan area with land use varied between public, military, Indian reservation, and private. This 1:62,500-scale geologic map will aid the proper management of land, water, and other resources. The map area lies within the eastern Basin and Range Province. Mountain ranges are composed of unexposed basement rocks overlain by exposed Neoproterozoic through Triassic rocks that are about 10.4 miles (16.8 km) thick, and by numerous Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic units (~47 to 20 Ma). The intervening valleys include bedrock covered with Miocene-Pliocene? rocks (~11 to 4 Ma) and Neogene-Quaternary surficial deposits. The map area is on the southern flank of the Uinta-Tooele structural zone. This area is in the Charleston-Nebo (Provo) salient of the Sevier fold-thrust belt and some thrust faults are exposed, but the overall Sevier belt geometry is obscured by extensive Cenozoic cover and later faulting. Following Sevier deformation, calk-alkaline volcanism occurred from several Paleogene volcanic centers (42 to 25 Ma). Extensional tectonism created the distinctive basin and range topography from about 20 Ma to the present. Early extensional basin fill includes Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks followed by Pliocene-Holocene surficial deposits primarily from lacustrine and alluvial depositional environments. Valley areas were covered by late Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, and deposits are associated with three levels of regional shorelines. Normal faults cut the ranges and are known to bound some valley margins where not concealed. Although deep drill hole data are relatively sparse, gravity data were used to help constrain basin geometries.
3
Carter, T. R., C E Logan e H. A. J. Russell. Three-dimensional model of dolomitization patterns in the Salina Group A-1 Carbonate and A-2 Carbonate units, Sombra Township, Lambton County, southern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332363.
Abstract (sommario):
Dolomitization of carbonate rocks is a subject of considerable interest due to association with oil and gas reservoirs and Mississippi Valley Type ore deposits. Conceptual two-dimensional models of dolomitization are common in the literature, however numeric models supported by high quality data are rare to nonexistent. This paper presents three-dimensional (3-D) dolomitization patterns in the Salina Group A-1 Carbonate Unit and A-2 Carbonate Unit located in Sombra Township, Lambton County. The source data consists of percent dolomite measurements collected from 9727 drill cutting samples, stained with alizarin red, from 409 petroleum wells. Numerical interpolants of the percentage of dolomite versus limestone in the two formations are developed within the boundaries of lithostratigraphic formation layers derived from a 3-D geologic model of southern Ontario, published as GSC Open File 8795 (Carter et al. 2021b). The model was developed using Leapfrog© Works software with a 400 m grid resolution. Results show that increased proportions of dolomite vs limestone in both formations are spatially associated with the flanks and crests of pinnacles in the underlying Lockport Group carbonates, over which the B Salt has been dissolved, and the downthrown side of the Dawn Fault and Becher faults. In the A-1 Carbonate there is an increase in dolomite content over a minority of incipient reefs in the Lockport, and in the A-2 Carbonate Unit there is a gradational increase in dolomite content upwards from a basal limestone to 100% dolomite. The cross-cutting relationships of dolomite occurrence in the A-1 Carbonate on the flanks and crests of some pinnacles support a post-depositional burial diagenesis mechanism, consistent with previous interpretations. The pathway for the dolomitizing fluid was laterally through porous and permeable regional paleokarst in the underlying Lockport Group, uppermost Goat Island and Guelph formations, and upwards through the porous reefal carbonates of the pinnacles. Association of dolomitization haloes with dissolution features in halite of the overlying B Salt Unit further suggest that the dolomitizing fluids were also responsible for salt dissolution. The preferential association of dolomite with the Dawn and Becher faults suggest that movement of the dolomitizing fluid was also fault controlled. This project demonstrates the feasibility and merit of assignment and interpolation of attribute values constrained by lithostratigraphic layers in the regional 3-D geologic model of southern Ontario. Spatial associations of dolomite with other geological features are more clearly resolved than in a 2-D study.