Bibliografie tematiche / Rights of Cattle pasture

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 26 luglio 2024
Ultima modifica: 27 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

1

Sarkic, Srdjan. "Servitudes in Byzantine and Serbian medieval law". Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, n. 50-2 (2013): 1003–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi1350003s.

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In the first part of the work we find the Roman concept of servitudes, and then the rules on servitudes taken from Roman law to Byzantine and Serbian mediaeval law. Serbian legal sources knew the following rustic servitudes: rights of way, rights of pasture, rights to water and watering one?s cattle. Among the personal servitudes we find ususfructus and usus.
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2

Sales, Maykel Franklin Lima, Mário Fonseca Paulino, Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho, Marlos Oliveira Porto, Victor Rezende Moreira Couto e Pedro Veiga Rodrigues Paulino. "Macromineral requirements by beef cattle under pasture supplementation". Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40, n. 2 (febbraio 2011): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982011000200026.

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The objective of this work was to determine macromineral requirements by Zebu steers grazing Brachiaria decumbens supplemented with concentrate. It was used 24 non-castrated steers, at an average age of 7 months and at initial average weight 180 kg. Eight control animals were slaughtered for determining initial body composition. The 16 remaining animals were divided in four four-animal plots, in a complete random design. Each plot received mineral mixture or supplements at the levels 0.75; 1.50 or 2.25 kg/animal/day. The right half-carcass of eight animals, two per group, was dissected in muscle, fat and bones and all body constituents were weighted for determination of empty body weight and body composition. Net requirements of calcium and phosphorus for an animal at 400 kg body weight were 11.13 g and 5.40 g, respectively. To estimate dietary requirements of maintenance and after, sum them to dietary requirements for gain in order to obtain total dietary requirements, it was adopted endogenous losses and bioavailability present in literature for each mineral macroelement. Total dietary requirement for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium for a 400-kg BW animal with 1.0-kg daily weight gain were 34.59; 17.36; 7.82; 5.19 and 41.11 g/day, respectively. Macromineral requirements by beef cattle under pasture supplementation are similar to those recommended by BR-Corte for beef cattle in feedlots.
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3

Nichols, P. G. H., M. J. Barbetti, P. M. Evans, A. D. Craig, G. A. Sandral, B. S. Dear, P. Si e M. P. You. "Napier subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. var. yanninicum)". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, n. 8 (2006): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05084.

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Abstract (sommario):
Napier is a late flowering F6-derived crossbred subterranean clover of var. yanninicum [(Katz. et Morley) Zohary and Heller] developed by the collaborating organisations of the National Annual Pasture Legume Improvement Program. It is a replacement for both Larisa and Meteora and has been selected for release on the basis of its greater herbage and seed production and disease resistance to both known races of clover scorch and 2 of the common races of Phytophthora root rot. Napier is recommended for sowing in Victoria, Western Australia, New South Wales, and South Australia. It is best suited to moderately acidic soils prone to water-logging and to loamy and clay soils with good water-holding capacity in areas with a minimum growing season length of 7.5 months, which extends into late November. Napier is well adapted to the permanent pasture systems found in the areas in which it will be grown. Its upright, vigorous growth makes it well suited to grazing by cattle or sheep and to fodder conservation. Napier has been granted Plant Breeders Rights in Australia.
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4

TAŞCAN, Arzu. "Rangelands, Yaylag and Kislag (Winter and Summer Grazing Lands) Issues Occurring in the Sanjaks of Skopje and Prizrin During the Tanzimat Period". JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND FUTURE 8, n. 2 (28 giugno 2022): 382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.21551/jhf.1110657.

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Rangelands, yaylag and kislag (Winter and Summer Grazing Lands) which are closely related to the livestock sector in the Ottoman Empire, are among the leading natural food/feed sources for large and small cattle. These lands have been the subject of some disputes from time to time, especially among the villages whose economy is based on animal husbandry, due to the vital importance they carry in both Anatolia and Rumelia geography of the Ottoman Empire. In the documents determined regarding the rangelands, yaylag and kislag disputes in Skopje and Prizrin, which we have studied in this study, it is seen that sometimes one or more villagers and sometimes individuals bring the problems that cannot be solved locally to the state headquarters, seek their rights and demand a decision. In this study, the data about the problems that arose due to the pastures during the Tanzimat period, in the Skopje and Prizrin sanjaks and the districts connected to these sanjaks, in the Rumeli Ahkam Registers and in the different funds of the Presidency Ottoman Archives. In addition, what kind of decisions were taken to resolve these issues before the Land Law will be evaluated in the context of the articles of the law. In the events that occur after the land law, it will be determined whether the articles of the law related to pasture are applied or not.
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5

Idowu, E. O. "Land use conflict between crop and livestock producers in the Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria". Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 29, n. 2 (1 gennaio 2021): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v29i2.1567.

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The paper examines the implications of property rights on land use conflict resolution between crop farmers and nomads in the guinea savannah zone of Nigeria and the methods of resolving the conflicts. Primary data were obtained from 200 randomly selected crop farmers and 75 nomadic Fulani's in four states within the zone, together with 25 key informants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Highest levels of conflicts were recorded during the dry season (October March) when mobile herds migrate into the zone in search of pasture and water. Lack of official grazing routes caused the mobile herds to trespass on cultivated lands where growing or unharvested mature crops stood. Eight percent (8%) of past conflicts were perceived by the respondents as severe, involving use of dangerous weapons, loss of cattle and human lives. Increased social and economic interaction in Yorm of joint celebration of religious and social festivals (by 40% of nomads) with the local people and trade in cattle products and staple food items were found to be evolving over the local people and trade users. The study recommends the establishment of grazing routes within the zone while efforts should be made to enable the traditional institutions to function alongside legislation in resolving land use conflicts.
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6

Paim, Fernanda, Antonio Pereira de Souza, Valdomiro Bellato e Amélia Aparecida Sartor. "Selective control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in fipronil-treated cattle raised on natural pastures in Lages, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 20, n. 1 (marzo 2011): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612011000100003.

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An examination of a selective control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and consequent cost reduction was carried out in two areas of native pasture in the municipality of Lages, State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, from May 2007 to April 2009. Forty cattle were divided into two groups of 20 animals each (conventional and selective control groups). At 14-day intervals female ticks larger than 4.5 mm found on the right flank of cattle bodies were counted, and these results multiplied by two. Fipronil 1 mg.kg-1 pour on was then administered for tick control. In the conventional group all the cattle were treated when tick count averaged more than 40 female ticks per animal while in the selective group only animals parasitized by more than 40 ticks were treated with acaricide. Every 28 days the cattle's weight was checked for cost-effective analysis. The conventional group required an additional 20 doses of fipronil compared with the selective one. There was no statistically significant differences regarding weight gain in both groups.
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7

OKOYE, ANTHONY CHUKWUEBUKA, CHIDOZIE OBIORAH e NWOKE, SUNDAY IKEMEFUNA. "ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AND VIOLENT CONFLICT BETWEEN HERDERS AND FARMERS IN NIGERIA". WILBERFORCE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, n. 1 (1 marzo 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/wjss/0202.sp.0110.

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This paper addressed the concern that the herders-farmers conflict debate in Nigeria has overlooked the role of climate change. It notes that although, commentators, especially official position on the issue usually blame it on ethnic politics, religious differences, indigene-settler wrangling, population explosion, expansion of farmland, blocking of grazing routes, ‘xenophobia’ and most recently, passage of anti-open grazing laws by some states et cetera. Conversely, as plausible as these narratives sound, they overlooked the contribution of climate change as threat multiplier in the phenomena. By overlooking this fact, they fail to capture and account for effects of extreme weather events like drought, desertification, change in precipitation and shrinking of water bodies, which compel herders to migrate southwards in search of arable land, water points and pasture for their cattle. Designed as a desk study, the paper noted the point that it was the struggle over access and use rights in addition to attempt by both parties to secure the available natural resources for themselves that usually result in these conflicts.
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Ensor, Marisa. "Climate Disasters, Mass Violence, and Human Mobility in South Sudan: Through a Gender Lens". Genocide Studies and Prevention 16, n. 1 (luglio 2022): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1911-9933.16.1.1844.

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This article examines the links between gender, mass violence, climate change, and displacement in South Sudan. I argue for risk-informed gender-sensitive strategies that incorporate local capacities and sources of resilience. When civil war engulfed South Sudan again in 2013, egregious human rights violations, including sexual and gender-based violence, were perpetrated with near complete impunity. As the national army was divided along Dinka-Nuer ethnic lines, soldiers from each faction turned against each other in a deadly pattern of revenge and counter-revenge attacks that soon spread across the national territory. Inter-communal conflicts also intensified, often centering on competition over land for pasture, cattle raiding, and the abduction of women and children. Additionally, environmental challenges, including both droughts and severe flooding, as well as locust swarms, have resulted in widespread crop loss and property damage. Famine was declared in 2017, with current conditions classified as widespread acute food insecurity and acute malnutrition. The intersection of these multiple crises has displaced nearly 4 million people. Despite these seemingly insurmountable challenges, South Sudanese women have made significant strides in their push for inclusion in national peace processes.
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9

Kurhak, Volodymyr, Larysa Kolomiiets, Anton Tkachenko, Ivan Senyk e Svitlana Stotska. "Selection of perennial grasses for an extended pasture in the autumn period". Scientific Horizons 27, n. 5 (5 aprile 2024): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor5.2024.88.

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Abstract (sommario):
The relevance of the study lies in the fact that until recently the reaction of various types of perennial grasses to the terms of alienation of herbage in the last cycle of use has not been clarified, which hinders the development and implementation of technology for creating perennial agrophytocoenoses in the continuous pasture system with an extended grazing period for meat livestock in the late autumn period. The purpose of the study was to select the best perennial grasses for late autumn alienation of herbage in the system of an extended continuous pasture for meat breeds of cattle in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The results of long-term research on the features of the development of the yield of aboveground biomass, the chemical composition of feed, the stability of certain types of grasses depending on the time of alienation of aboveground biomass in total for all cycles of use and in the last cycle in the autumn period are presented. The highest productivity (at the level of 0.60-0.95 t/ha of dry weight) of all types of grasses in the last (autumn) cycle of use is provided when the green mass is alienated on October 1. When alienated at a later date, the collection of dry mass from 1 ha decreases, while the quality of feed worsens due to a decrease in the content of crude protein and an increase in the concentration of crude fibre to the limits that do not meet the zootechnical norm of feeding cattle and the requirements of DSTU for green feed. Studies have identified the best single-species agrophytocoenoses of grasses, which include smooth brome, cocksfoot grass, and intermediate wheatgrass. On average, for 2008-2015, in the sum of all three cycles of use, they provide a productivity of 6.52-7.19 t/ha of dry weight when applying N120. The results of these studies can be used in the development of recommendations for the creation of continuous pasture with an extended period of grazing grass with meat livestock in the autumn period, which reduces the cost and increases the competitiveness of livestock products
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Reichardt, W., H. Warzecha, E. Gernand, H. Hartung e B. Eckert. "Erhebungen zum Hämpigmentgehalt, zu Reflexionswerten sowie zum Fettsäurenmuster des intramuskulären Fettes vom <i>Musculus longissimus dorsi</i> (M.l.d.) Thüringer Rinder in Abhängigkeit von Mastform und Rassetyp". Archives Animal Breeding 45, n. 2 (10 ottobre 2002): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-45-111-2002.

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Abstract. Title of the paper: Investigations into the haem pigment content, reflection results as well as into the fatty acid pattern of the intramuscular fat of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (M.l.d.) Thuringian cattle, dependent on fattening system and genotype Haem pigment content, the reflection in visible range and the fatty acid pattern of intramuscular fat (imf) from minced musculus longissimus dorsi (m.l.d.) at the 8th / 9th dorsal vertebra of the right half of the carcass were determined in 35 cattle groups with bulls, steers and heifers, representing 19 different genotypes. The cattle were fattened indoors and/or outdoors at eight farms in Thuringia. The mean values of the haem pigment content varied between the animal groups from 6.3 to 13.1 mg/g fresh meat. A clearly lower variation was found in the maxima of reflectance at 415, 545 and 580 nm. The fatty acid composition of the imf was determined mainly by the fattening system. Fattening on pasture favoured high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as a ratio of n6- to n3-fatty acids of < 10. The imf-content was positive correlated to the proportion of C18:1 and monounsaturated fatty acids (R = 0.4** / 0.5**) as well as negative to the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (R = −0.7**).
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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

1

Drake, Dawn M. "Connections between mastitis and climate a study of holsteins on pasture in Northampton County, Pennsylvania /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 186 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597631411&sid=43&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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2

San, Vito Elias [UNESP]. "Crude glycerin in the supplement for beef cattle on pasture". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123694.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-17T19:33:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-05. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-06-18T12:48:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000832669.pdf: 673027 bytes, checksum: d4d6134a3a62f4617f900c57112d39f9 (MD5)
Foram realizados quatro experimentos distribuídos durante a época de seca e águas, com o objetivo de avaliar a inclusão de glicerina bruta (80% de glicerol) no suplemento de bovinos Nelore criados em pastagem tropical, sobre o consumo, digestibilidade, fermentação ruminal, perfil de microrganismo no rumem, desempenho, emissões de metano, qualidade de carne e características de carcaça. Os tratamentos consistiram de suplementos com níveis crescentes (0, 70, 140, 210, e 280 g/kg MS do suplemento) de glicerina bruta, fornecidos aos animais em uma relação de 700 g/100kg de peso corporal da época da seca, e 300 g/100kg de peso corporal durante a época das águas. Na estação da seca, cinquenta tourinhos Nelore (279.52 ± 16.31 kg peso corporal inicial) foram usados para avaliação de performance animal, e dez novilhos Nelore canulados (408.8 ± 38.5 kg) foram usados para investigar a digestibilidade, fermentação ruminal e perfil de microrganismos do rumem. Na estação das águas, os experimentos foram repetidos com os mesmos animais utilizados na fase anterior. Inclusão de glicerina bruta no suplemento de bovinos Nelore castrados, criados a pasto na época da seca, não afeta o consumo e digestibilidade aparente. No entanto, altera a fermentação ruminal, aumentando a proporção de butirato e valerato enquanto reduz acetato e ácidos graxos voláteis totais, sem apresentar efeito negativo sobre a população relativa de bactéria celulolíticas e protozoários no rúmen. Contudo, a inclusão de glicerina até o nível de 28% da matéria seca do suplemento de tourinhos Nelore em crescimento criados em pastagens tropicais na época da seca, melhora o ganho de peso e a eficiência alimentar. A inclusão de glicerina bruta até a concentração de 28% da matéria seca do suplemento não altera consumo, as características de carcaça e qualidade de carne, e emissão de metano. No entanto, promove ...
Four experiments were conducted during the dry and rainy season, in order to assess the increasing concentrations of crude glycerin (80% glycerol) in the supplement of young Nellore grazing tropical grass, on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, rumen microorganism profile, performance, methane emission, and carcass and meat quality traits. The treatment consist of supplements with increasing concentrations (0, 70, 140, 210, and 280 g/kg DM basis of supplement) of crude glycerin, fed to the animals in a ratio of 700 g/ 100kg of body weight in the dry season and 300 g/100kg of body weight in the rainy season. In the dry season, fifty young Nellore bulls (279.52 ± 16.31 kg initial body weight) were used for animal performance evaluation, and ten ruminal cannulated Nellore steers (408.8 ± 38.5 kg) were used to investigate the digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen microorganism profile, in the two experimental phases. In the rainy season, the experiments were replicated with the same animals used in the previous phase. Inclusion of crude glycerin in the supplement of young Nellore steers grazing tropical grass in the dry season, does not affect intake and apparent total tract digestibility. However, alters rumen fermentation whereas increases butyrate and valerate while reducing acetate and total VFA, showed no negative effect on relative proportion of cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa population. Nevertheless, inclusion concentration of glycerin at up to 28% DM in the supplement of growing Nellore bulls raising tropical grass in the dry season, improved BW gain and feed efficiency. Inclusion of crude glycerin up to the level of 28% of dry matter in the supplement does not alter the carcass characteristics, the meat quality and methane emission. However, glycerin supplementation promotes additional daily gain with potential ...
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3

San, Vito Elias. "Crude glycerin in the supplement for beef cattle on pasture /". Jaboticabal, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123694.

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Orientador: Telma Teresinha Berchielli
Banca: Ana Claudia Ruggieri
Banca: Juliana Duarte Messana
Banca: André Soares de Oliveira
Banca: Mateus Pies Gionbelli
Resumo: Foram realizados quatro experimentos distribuídos durante a época de seca e águas, com o objetivo de avaliar a inclusão de glicerina bruta (80% de glicerol) no suplemento de bovinos Nelore criados em pastagem tropical, sobre o consumo, digestibilidade, fermentação ruminal, perfil de microrganismo no rumem, desempenho, emissões de metano, qualidade de carne e características de carcaça. Os tratamentos consistiram de suplementos com níveis crescentes (0, 70, 140, 210, e 280 g/kg MS do suplemento) de glicerina bruta, fornecidos aos animais em uma relação de 700 g/100kg de peso corporal da época da seca, e 300 g/100kg de peso corporal durante a época das águas. Na estação da seca, cinquenta tourinhos Nelore (279.52 ± 16.31 kg peso corporal inicial) foram usados para avaliação de performance animal, e dez novilhos Nelore canulados (408.8 ± 38.5 kg) foram usados para investigar a digestibilidade, fermentação ruminal e perfil de microrganismos do rumem. Na estação das águas, os experimentos foram repetidos com os mesmos animais utilizados na fase anterior. Inclusão de glicerina bruta no suplemento de bovinos Nelore castrados, criados a pasto na época da seca, não afeta o consumo e digestibilidade aparente. No entanto, altera a fermentação ruminal, aumentando a proporção de butirato e valerato enquanto reduz acetato e ácidos graxos voláteis totais, sem apresentar efeito negativo sobre a população relativa de bactéria celulolíticas e protozoários no rúmen. Contudo, a inclusão de glicerina até o nível de 28% da matéria seca do suplemento de tourinhos Nelore em crescimento criados em pastagens tropicais na época da seca, melhora o ganho de peso e a eficiência alimentar. A inclusão de glicerina bruta até a concentração de 28% da matéria seca do suplemento não altera consumo, as características de carcaça e qualidade de carne, e emissão de metano. No entanto, promove ...
Abstract: Four experiments were conducted during the dry and rainy season, in order to assess the increasing concentrations of crude glycerin (80% glycerol) in the supplement of young Nellore grazing tropical grass, on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, rumen microorganism profile, performance, methane emission, and carcass and meat quality traits. The treatment consist of supplements with increasing concentrations (0, 70, 140, 210, and 280 g/kg DM basis of supplement) of crude glycerin, fed to the animals in a ratio of 700 g/ 100kg of body weight in the dry season and 300 g/100kg of body weight in the rainy season. In the dry season, fifty young Nellore bulls (279.52 ± 16.31 kg initial body weight) were used for animal performance evaluation, and ten ruminal cannulated Nellore steers (408.8 ± 38.5 kg) were used to investigate the digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen microorganism profile, in the two experimental phases. In the rainy season, the experiments were replicated with the same animals used in the previous phase. Inclusion of crude glycerin in the supplement of young Nellore steers grazing tropical grass in the dry season, does not affect intake and apparent total tract digestibility. However, alters rumen fermentation whereas increases butyrate and valerate while reducing acetate and total VFA, showed no negative effect on relative proportion of cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa population. Nevertheless, inclusion concentration of glycerin at up to 28% DM in the supplement of growing Nellore bulls raising tropical grass in the dry season, improved BW gain and feed efficiency. Inclusion of crude glycerin up to the level of 28% of dry matter in the supplement does not alter the carcass characteristics, the meat quality and methane emission. However, glycerin supplementation promotes additional daily gain with potential ...
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4

Evans, Jason R. "An economic analysis of pasture-raised beef systems in Appalachia". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=3193.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 163 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-136).
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5

Svinurai, Walter. "Manure production and nutrient management in pasture-based dairy production systems". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/475.

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Manure production and nutrient management in pasture-based dairy production systems by Walter Svinurai The effect of dietary treatments on nutrient excretion was determined and an attempt to improving the retention of excreted nitrogen in stored manure using Aloe ferox leaf gel (AFLG) and pine bark was conducted at a pasture-based dairy farm. The animal mass-balance method was used to determine nutrient excretion by cows fed on three dietary treatments, Lolium perrene-based treatment (LP), Lolium multiforium-based treatment (LM) and Lolium perenne- Trifolium repens -based treatment (LTF). In separate experiments, slurry from dairy cows fed LM was amended with AFLG and pine bark at concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/l and stored under anaerobic conditions for 16 days. The highest and lowest excretions of N, P and K were observed in LM and LP treatments, respectively. Increasing dietary N improved K and N retention in milk and, consequently increased milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and N excretion (P < 0.05). The concentrations of AFLG affected N and P retention in manure (P < 0.05). The highest retention in total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) of the initial was 42% AFLG at 25g/l inclusion rate. Ammonium nitrogen (AMN) concentration increased significantly due to the interactive effect of AFLG inclusion rate and time. Pine bark powder significantly improved N and P retention in manure at all concentrations. The retention in TKN was higher (P < 0.05) at 25g/l pine bark powder than other concentrations. The interaction effect of inclusion rate and time increased iii AMN (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments significantly affected nutrient excretion, and AFLG and pine bark considerably improved N retention in stored slurry. Findings from the filed trial suggest the need for more attention on managing dietary nutrients in the post-rainy and cool-dry season when growth of pasture influenced choice of dietary treatments that led to high nutrient excretion. Field simulation of the additives to determine their efficacy and environmental hazards was recommended.
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Muchenje, Voster. "Growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nguni, Bonsmara and Angus steers raised on natural pasture". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/199.

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Abstract (sommario):
The objective of the current study was to compare tick loads, growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nguni, Bonsmara and Angus steers raised on natural pasture. A total of 30, 7-month old steers each of Bonsmara and Angus, and 40 Nguni steers were kept at the University of Fort Hare Farm till slaughter at 18 months. Monthly weights of the steers were recorded. Carcasses were electrically stimulated. The m. longissimus thoracis et lumborum was sampled for the measurement of meat colour, pH, drip loss, sarcomere length (SL), water holding capacity (WHC), cooking losses, myofibrillar fragmentation length (MFL), Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF), fatty acid profiles and sensory characteristics of the steers. Urine samples were collected at the slaughter line for the determination of stress hormone concentrations. The Nguni had the lowest tick load (P < 0.05) while the Angus had the highest tick load (P < 0.05). Tick load did not affect the growth rate and carcass characteristics of the steers. Bonsmara and Angus steers had higher (P < 0.05) carcass weight and dressing percentage than the Nguni steers. Meat quality characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) among all the breeds, except that Nguni meat was darker (L*) (P < 0.05) than meat from the other two breeds. The Bonsmara had the highest (P > 0.05) concentrations while the Nguni had the lowest (P > 0.05) concentrations of stress hormones. There were significant (P < 0.05) correlations between WB values of meat aged for two and 21 days in Nguni and Bonsmara, but not in Angus. The correlations among stress responsiveness hormones and meat quality were breed-dependent. Except monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and the n-6/n-3 ratio, fatty acid profiles among the breeds were similar (P > 0.05). Cholesterol levels among the breeds were similar (P > 0.05). The Nguni had the best (P < 0.05) sensory characteristics, such as flavour and tenderness. It can be concluded that while the Nguni is a small framed breed, its meat quality is similar to that of Bonsmara and Angus and has the best meat taste when raised on natural pasture.
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Odhiambo, John F. "Management of the suckled post partum beef cows pasture based weaning system /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4315.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 64 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-60).
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Fitzgerald, Tracey. "The effect of long-term supplementation with biotin on lameness, milk production and reproductive performance in pasture fed dairy cows /". [St Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16283.pdf.

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Malleson, Evelyn Rhoda. "Fishmeal supplementation to high producing Jersey cows grazing ryegrass or kikuyu pasture". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06272008-130048.

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Herrick, Jeffery Ewing. "Restoration of tropical pasture ecosystems and the role of cattle dung patches /". The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487847761309791.

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Libri sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

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Niemi, Ernest G. Economic consequences of an injunction to protect salmon habitat on the Wallowa-Whitman and Umatilla national forests: Preliminary report. Eugene, OR: ECO Northwest, 1994.

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Kimberley Pastoral Industry Inquiry (W.A.). Kimberley Pastoral Industry Inquiry: Final report : an industry and government report on the problems and future of the Kimberley pastoral industry. Perth: Dept. of Regional Development and The North West, 1985.

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Kimberley Pastoral Industry Inquiry (W.A.). Kimberley Pastoral Industry inquiry: An industry and government report on the problems and future of the Kimberley pastoral industry. [Perth, W.A: Kimberley Pastoral Industry Inquiry, 1985.

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Nation, Allan. Pasture profits with stocker cattle. Ridgeland, Miss: Green Park Press, 1998.

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Henry, Will. The big pasture. Thorndike, Me: Center Point Pub., 2007.

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Tenga, Ringo Willy. Pastoral land rights in Tanzania: A review. London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 1992.

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Moutinho, Flávio Fernando Batista. Se não fosse o pé do boi: Uma breve história da floresta, do machado, da pecuária extensiva e da desertificação no Brasil. Niterói, RJ: EDUFF, 2016.

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Heinemann, W. W. Effects of pasture species and implants on grazing steers subsequently finished in feedlot. [Pullman, Wash.]: Agriculture Research Center, College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Washington State University, 1985.

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Hage, Wayne. Storm over rangelands: Private rights in federal lands. 3a ed. Bellevue, Wash: Free Enterprise Press, 1994.

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Hage, Wayne. Storm over rangelands: Private rights in federal lands. Bellevue, Wash: Free Enterprise Press, 1989.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

1

Troeger, Sabine. "Just Societal Transformation: Perspectives of Pastoralists in the Lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia". In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_265-1.

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AbstractPastoralists’ livelihoods in Africa are highly endangered by adverse forces – the climate change being one among those. Against this background, climate change adaptation is conceptualized as strategic agency in the field of risk-laden livelihood environments, that is, agency in the face of risky options and non-calculable uncertainties.The chapter conceptualizes pastoralists’ livelihoods exposed to a four-fold hierarchy of environmental risks and forces defining the actors’ arena of strategic decision making: From the global scale of ever extending impacts by the climate change imperative, to the national scale of government policies in terms of decentralization, challenging people to govern and define their communal efforts in terms of climate change adaptation, and down to the regional scale, which in the presented case is dominated by a large-scale investment, the Kuraz Sugar Development Project, which again confronts local actors with adverse forces toward villagization and eviction from pasture grounds. Right at the end of this hierarchy and in accordance with discourses on “climate services,” the end-users and local actors, the pastoralists, are confronted with and offered a product that they can input into their decision making: cattle feed from the residues of the irrigated sugar cane. The question remains whether substantive aspects of processes turning into true environmental and social justice in terms of recognition, procedures, and distribution will be paid attention to.
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Troeger, Sabine. "Just Societal Transformation: Perspectives of Pastoralists in the Lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia". In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_265-2.

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AbstractPastoralists’ livelihoods in Africa are highly endangered by adverse forces – the climate change being one among those. Against this background, climate change adaptation is conceptualized as strategic agency in the field of risk-laden livelihood environments, that is, agency in the face of risky options and non-calculable uncertainties.The chapter conceptualizes pastoralists’ livelihoods exposed to a four-fold hierarchy of environmental risks and forces defining the actors’ arena of strategic decision making: From the global scale of ever extending impacts by the climate change imperative, to the national scale of government policies in terms of decentralization, challenging people to govern and define their communal efforts in terms of climate change adaptation, and down to the regional scale, which in the presented case is dominated by a large-scale investment, the Kuraz Sugar Development Project, which again confronts local actors with adverse forces toward villagization and eviction from pasture grounds. Right at the end of this hierarchy and in accordance with discourses on “climate services,” the end-users and local actors, the pastoralists, are confronted with and offered a product that they can input into their decision making: cattle feed from the residues of the irrigated sugar cane. The question remains whether substantive aspects of processes turning into true environmental and social justice in terms of recognition, procedures, and distribution will be paid attention to.
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Troeger, Sabine. "Just Societal Transformation: Perspectives of Pastoralists in the Lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia". In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2447–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_265.

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Abstract (sommario):
AbstractPastoralists’ livelihoods in Africa are highly endangered by adverse forces – the climate change being one among those. Against this background, climate change adaptation is conceptualized as strategic agency in the field of risk-laden livelihood environments, that is, agency in the face of risky options and non-calculable uncertainties.The chapter conceptualizes pastoralists’ livelihoods exposed to a four-fold hierarchy of environmental risks and forces defining the actors’ arena of strategic decision making: From the global scale of ever extending impacts by the climate change imperative, to the national scale of government policies in terms of decentralization, challenging people to govern and define their communal efforts in terms of climate change adaptation, and down to the regional scale, which in the presented case is dominated by a large-scale investment, the Kuraz Sugar Development Project, which again confronts local actors with adverse forces toward villagization and eviction from pasture grounds. Right at the end of this hierarchy and in accordance with discourses on “climate services,” the end-users and local actors, the pastoralists, are confronted with and offered a product that they can input into their decision making: cattle feed from the residues of the irrigated sugar cane. The question remains whether substantive aspects of processes turning into true environmental and social justice in terms of recognition, procedures, and distribution will be paid attention to.
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Kaiser, C. J., e G. F. Cmarik. "Finishing Slaughter Cattle on Pasture". In Biological N Fixation in Forage-Livestock Systems, 85–107. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub28.c5.

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O’Connor, Cheryl, e Jim Webster. "Welfare of Dairy Cows in Pasture-Based Systems". In Cattle Welfare in Dairy and Beef Systems, 105–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21020-4_5.

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Polyakov, V. A., e V. G. Ivanov. "Dairy Cattle Pasture Use in the Extreme Northern USSR". In Grazing Research at Northern Latitudes, 153–55. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5338-7_15.

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Bontjer, Andrea, e Harald Plachter. "Effects of large-scale cattle grazing on Orthoptera (Saltatoria et Mantodea) on pastures in Georgia (Caucasus)". In Pasture Landscapes and Nature Conservation, 355–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55953-2_27.

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Maclachlan, Ian, Nancy G. Bateman e Thomas R. R. Johnston. "Cultivating a New Cattle Culture: Lifelong Learning and Pasture Land Management". In The GeoJournal Library, 181–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3814-3_12.

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Schutz, M. M., V. Maciuc, K. Gay e T. Nennich. "18. Survey of genetic selection on pasture-based dairy farms in the USA and Romania". In Cattle husbandry in Eastern Europe and China, 223–30. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-785-1_18.

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Bolortsetseg, B., e G. Tuvaansuren. "The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Pasture and Cattle Production in Mongolia". In Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation in Asia and the Pacific, 95–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1053-4_9.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

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Oswell, James M., e Gualberto Chiriboga. "Geotechnical Aspects of a Pipeline Rupture in Ecuador: Factors and Mitigation". In ASME 2013 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2013-1953.

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In February 2009 a pipeline rupture occurred along a sloped section of the Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados (OCP) Ecuador S.A. pipeline. The spill resulted in crude oil flowing down the hillside and into the Rio Santa Rosa. Post rupture investigations were initiated to identify the geotechnical factors that may have contributed to the incident and what mitigation may be necessary to ensure future pipeline integrity. The investigation consisted of several activities including detailed site reconnaissance by a geotechnical engineering team and installation of slope inclinometers to assess ground movements. The intent of the slope inclinometers was to determine the depth, areal extent and rate of ground movement, if any. The post rupture site reconnaissance identified a number of terrain features consistent with shallow ground movement mechanisms. The presence of hummocky terrain could be the result of ground movement or an artifact of the use of the slope as cattle pasture. Five slope inclinometers were installed to assess the slope movements within the project site. Four slope indicators were installed up-slope of the pipeline right-of-way to provide some lateral boundary to the ground movement area. The slope inclinometers showed that in the months following the pipeline rupture the terrain upslope of the pipeline right-of-way was moving at a relative constant rate of about 0.45 mm/day. As a result of the geotechnical investigations an integrity mitigation plan was developed. This included ongoing slope movement monitoring, regular site reconnaissance and placement of the pipeline above ground on “sleepers” to isolate the pipeline from the underlying creeping slope. To-date, these mitigations have been successful in reducing strain on the pipeline.
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Antsupova, T. P., e E. B. Bitueva. "Phytochemical study of pasture plants in Northern Mongolia". In Problems of studying the vegetation cover of Siberia. TSU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-927-3-2020-3.

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The article presents the results of a qualitative and quantitative determination of toxic and bitter substances in 8 species of plants of Northern Mongolia that are not eaten by cattle. Significant amounts of alkaloids were found in 6 species, tannins in 2 species.
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Christine Braunreiter, Hermann Auernhammer e Georg Steinberger. "Potentials of Spatio-Temporal Behaviour Data of Cattle in Alpine Pasture Farming". In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24848.

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Tong Liu, Luis F Rodríguez, Angela R Green, Daniel W Shike e Jacob R Segers. "Cattle Movement Monitoring for the Assessment of Impacts on Pasture Based Systems". In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41479.

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Genov, Stefan. "SUSTAINABLE USE OF PASTURES IN BEEF CATTLE". In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.173.

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Pastures are a major low cost source of feed in beef cattle. Their sustainable use and management affect to the economic performance of farms and to their conservation as a natural resource. Pastures are the subject of agronomic, zoos engineering and economic research, which report negative trends in their territorial scope, composition and productivity as a whole. In beef cattle breeding, the long-term goal is to use high-productivity pastures, which will increase the yield of meat from them, because poor pastures require feeding the cattle with other feed, which reduces profitability. The purpose of this paper is to offer a sustainable pasture management model incorporating agro-technical and organizational activities in beef cattle farms that can increase their economic effectiveness.
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Krasnoperov1, Andrey, e Vladimir Zarudnyy. "Restoration of pastures in the conditions of the Kaliningrad region". In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 29 (77). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-29-77-26-31.

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On the production paddocks of the Mayskoye cattle farm of the Kaliningrad Research Institute of Agriculture from 1997 to 2000, over 4 years of use, the productivity of a superficially improved pasture due to the overseeding of perennial legumes and cereal grasses increased and amounted to 61.0–65.2 c/ha of dry matter, 70.2–73.7 GJ metabolic energy, 7.4–8.9 c/ha of digestible protein. Compared to grass stands, the energy intensity of nutrients decreased by 5–6 times when high doses of nitrogen were applied. The content of clovers in the pasture herbage remained at the level of 40–50%, which fully ensures the high productivity of legume-grass pasture herbage due to biological nitrogen and corresponds to the goal of the research.
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Calegari, Maria José, Werner Peter Marcon, Beatriz Pereira Espadin, Simone Tateishi, Aluisia Budin Fodra, Matheus Augusto Santos Antoniazzi, Inácio Zapparoli Bardini, Emmanuel Zullo Godinho e Caetano Dartiere Zulian Fermino. "The use of essential oils as an alternative to performance-enhancing antibiotics in beef cattle: Literature review". In VI Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvimulti2024-058.

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Brazilian livestock farming stands out worldwide as a leader in the production and export of meat, driven by a significant herd of approximately 234.4 million head, according to IBGE data from 2023. The beef cattle production cycle comprises three distinct phases: breeding, rearing and finishing, each culminating in the production of weaned calves, lean steers and fat steers, respectively. This activity, predominantly based on pasture due to tropical climatic conditions, faces challenges such as pasture degradation and forage seasonality, requiring the use of technologies such as growth-promoting additives to optimize production results. These additives, including antibiotics such as ionophores and non-ionophores, as well as essential oils, improve feed efficiency and contribute significantly to the national economy, although they raise debates about microbial resistance and environmental impacts
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Nebieridze, Shota, Maia Kereselidze, Maia Beruashvili, Vazha Kvachrelishvili e Marine Matskepladze. "Clinical-Hematological Examination of Cattle Affected by Theileriosis". In Socratic Lectures 9. University of Lubljana Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2024.d3.

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Abstract: Theileriosis is the most severe transmissible disease among the piroplasmid diseases of ruminants, which is widespread all over the world, especially in the countries with a hot climate in the south, it is also found in Georgia. The source of infection is a sick animal, and the carrier is the pasture ticks Hyalomma Detricum and Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of the clinical course and solution of the disease in the case of Theileriosis in cattle, for which nine 6-month-old calves were naturally infected with ticks of the Ixodidae species carrying the field strain of Theileria an-nulata. Three calves were selected as a control group.During the trial, clinical observation was carried out of infected animals: morning and evening temperature control. Blood was taken from the jugular vein for hematological and serological examination. Blood smears were stained by the Romanovsky-Giemsa method. The degree of infection of erythrocytes by Theilers was determined. Serological examination of blood was performed by prolonged complement fixation reaction to detect specific antibodies. Keywords: Theileriosis, Theileria annulate, schizont-infected cells, cattle, Infection, Hy-alomma anatolicum anatolicum
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Smirnova, Anna. "INFLUENCE OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER SYSTEMS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF LONG-TERM PASTURE HERBAGE". In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-39-43.

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The results of research conducted on a long-term cultural pasture, used without re-grazing the grass for grazing production herds since 1935. The use of mineral and organic fertilizers on this herbage makes it possible to ensure an uninterrupted supply of high-quality green mass in the spring and summer period and to preserve mainly cultivated grasses in the herbage, which are well eaten by cattle.
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Porto, João Vitor de Andrade, Fábio Prestes Cesar Rezende, Gilberto Astolfi, Vanessa Aparecida de Moraes Weber, Marcio Carneiro Brito Pache e Hemerson Pistori. "Automatic counting of cattle with Faster R-CNN on UAV images". In Workshop de Visão Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wvc.2021.18880.

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It is remarkable the growth of the bovine herd in the last four decades however, the availability of areas for pasture did not follow the same trend and thus caused direct interference in the binomial quality and price of the final product. One of the ways to get around this interference is by the use of technologies to help minimize the handling costs, from the breeding in a controlled environment with the need of trained manpower in the confinement process. Thus, as opposed to the current format done manually and in restricted space, computer vision technology can mitigate the identification and counting of cattle problems using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Attending to the objective outlined in this article demonstrates the use of the Faster R-CNN for counting cattle in feedlots employing aerial images, obtaining an average precision of 89.7% for the set of hyperparameters that differed most positively from the others in this experiment.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Rights of Cattle pasture"

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Haan, Matthew M., James R. Russell, Daniel G. Morrical e Daryl R. Strohbehn. Effect of Grazing Management on Cattle Distribution Patterns in Relation to Pasture Streams. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-17.

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Haan, Mathew M., James R. Russell, Daniel G. Morrical e Daryl R. Strohbehn. Effect of Grazing Management on Cattle Distribution Patterns in Relation to Pasture Streams. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-590.

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Kiesling, Daniel, Daniel G. Morrical, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Mark S. Honeyman, W. Darrell Busby, H. Joe Sellers e Dallas L. Maxwell. Performance and Carcass Traits of Market Beef Cattle Supplemented Self-Fed Byproducts on Pasture: Final Report. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-496.

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Kiesling, Daniel, Daniel G. Morrical, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Mark S. Honeyman, W. Darrell Busby, H. Joe Sellers e Dallas L. Maxwell. Performance and Carcass Traits of Market Beef Cattle Supplemented Self-Fed Byproducts on Pasture: A Progress Report. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-484.

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Kiesling, Daniel, Daniel G. Morrical, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Mark S. Honeyman, Darrell Busby, Joe Sellers e Dallas L. Maxwell. Performance and Carcass Traits of Market Beef Cattle Supplemented Self-Fed Byproducts on Pasture: A Progress Report. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1360.

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Kiesling, Daniel, Daniel G. Morrical, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Mark S. Honeyman, Darrell Busby, Joe Sellers e Dallas L. Maxwell. Performance and Carcass Traits of Market Beef Cattle Supplemented Self-Fed Byproducts on Pasture: A Progress Report. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-761.

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Steiner, Jean, Jeanne Schneider, Clay Pope, Sarah Pope, Paulette Ford e Rachel Steele. Southern Plains Assessment of Vulnerability and Preliminary Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for Farmers, Ranchers and Forest Land Owners. USDA Southern Plains Climate Hub, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.6964450.ch.

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The Southern Plains region contributes significantly to the Nation’s wheat and beef production. Winter wheat is the principal annual crop, with much of it serving dual-use as a cool-season annual forage in addition to grain production. Cattle are raised on extensive pasture and rangelands across the region.
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Ungar, Eugene D., Montague W. Demment, Uri M. Peiper, Emilio A. Laca e Mario Gutman. The Prediction of Daily Intake in Grazing Cattle Using Methodologies, Models and Experiments that Integrate Pasture Structure and Ingestive Behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, luglio 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568789.bard.

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This project addressed the prediction of daily intake in grazing cattle using methodologies, models and experiments that integrate pasture structure and ingestive behavior. The broad objective was to develop concepts of optimal foraging that predicted ingestive behavior and instantaneous intake rate in single and multi-patch environments and extend them to the greater scales of time and space required to predict daily intake. Specific objectives included: to determine how sward structure affects the shape of patch depletion curves, to determine if the basic components of ingestive behavior of animals in groups differs from animals alone, and to evaluate and modify our existing models of foraging behavior and heterogeneity to incorporate larger scales of time and space. Patch depletion was found to be predominantly by horizon, with a significant decline in bite weight during horizon depletion. This decline derives from bite overlap, and is more pronounced on taller swards. These results were successfully predicted by a simple bite placement simulator. At greater spatial scales, patch selection was aimed at maximizing daily digestible intake, with the between patch search pattern being non-random. The processes of selecting a feeding station and foraging at a feeding station are fundamentally different. The marginal value theorem may not be the most appropriate paradigm for predicting residence time at a feeding station. Basic components of ingestive behavior were unaffected by the presence of other animals. Our results contribute to animal production systems by improving our understanding of the foraging process, by identifying the key sward parameters that determine intake rate and by improving existing conceptual and quantitative models of foraging behavior across spatial and temporal scales.
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Bisinger, Justin, e James R. Russell. Effects of Pasture Size on the Efficacy of Off-stream Water or Restricted Stream Access to Alter the Spatial/Temporal Distribution of Grazing Cattle. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-796.

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Hackbarth, Carolyn, e Rebeca Weissinger. Water quality in the Northern Colorado Plateau Network: Water years 2016–2018 (revised with cost estimate). National Park Service, novembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279508.

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Water-quality monitoring in National Park Service units of the Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) is made possible through partnerships between the National Park Service Inventory & Monitoring Division, individual park units, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Utah Division of Water Quality. This report evaluates data from site visits at 62 different locations on streams, rivers, and reservoirs in or near ten NCPN park units between October 1, 2015 and September 30, 2018. Data are compared to state water-quality standards for the purpose of providing information to park managers about potential water-quality problems. The National Park Service does not determine the regulatory status of surface waters; state water quality agencies determine whether waters comply with the Clean Water Act. Evaluation of water-quality parameters relative to state water-quality standards indicated that 17,997 (96.8%) of the 18,583 total designated beneficial-use evaluations completed for the period covered in this report met state water-quality standards. The most common exceedances or indications of impairment, in order of abundance, were due to elevated nutrients, elevated bacteria (E. coli), elevated water temperature, elevated trace metals, elevated total dissolved solids (and sulfate), elevated pH, and low dissolved oxygen. While some exceedances were recurring and may have been caused by human activities in the watersheds, many were due to naturally occurring conditions characteristic of the geographic setting. This is most apparent with phosphorus, which can be introduced into surface water bodies at elevated levels by natural weathering of the geologic strata found throughout the Colorado Plateau. Higher phosphorus concentrations could also be attributed to anthropogenic activities that can accelerate erosion and transport of phosphorus. Some activities that can increase erosional processes include grazing, logging, mining, pasture irrigation, and off-highway vehicle (OHV) use. Exceedances for total phosphorus were common occurrences at nine out of ten NCPN park units, where at least one site in each of these parks had elevated phosphorus concentrations. At these sites, high levels of nutrients have not led to algal blooms or other signs of eutrophication. Sites monitored in Arches National Park (NP), Black Canyon of the Gunnison NP (BLCA), Bryce Canyon NP (BRCA), Capitol Reef NP (CARE), Curecanti National Recreation Area (CURE), Dinosaur National Monument (DINO), and Zion NP (ZION) all had E. coli ex-ceedances that could be addressed by management actions. While many of these sites already have management actions underway, some of the actions necessary to bring these waters into compliance are beyond the control of the National Park Service. Changes to agricultural practices to improve water quality involves voluntary participation by landowners and/or grazing permittees and their respective states. This could be the case with lands upstream of several parks with E. coli contamination issues, including Red Rock Canyon (BLCA); Sul-phur, Oak, and Pleasant creeks (CARE); Blue Creek and Cimarron River (CURE); Brush and Pot creeks (DINO); and North Fork Virgin River (ZION). Issues with E. coli contamination at Yellow Creek (BRCA) seemed to be resolved after the park boundary fence downstream of the site was repaired, keeping cattle out of the park. At North Fork Virgin River, E. coli exceedances have been less frequent since the State of Utah worked with landowners and grazing permittees to modify agricultural practices. Continued coordination between the National Park Service, state agencies, and local landowners will be necessary to further re-duce E. coli exceedances and, in turn, improve public health and safety in these streams. Selenium concentrations in Red Rock Canyon (BLCA) continued to exceed the state aquat-ic-life standard at both the upstream and downstream sites. Although selenium weathers naturally from bedrock and...
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