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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 18 maggio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

Li, Yuting, Siwei Li, Yumeng Zhao, Tao Zhou, Xuehong Wu e Can Zhao. "Six Novel Mycoviruses Containing Positive Single-Stranded RNA and Double-Stranded RNA Genomes Co-Infect a Single Strain of the Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 PT". Viruses 14, n. 4 (14 aprile 2022): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14040813.

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Six novel mycoviruses that collectively represent the mycovirome of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-3 PT strain ZJ-2H, which causes potato black scurf, were identified through metatranscriptome sequencing and putatively designated as Rhizoctonia solani fusarivirus 4 [RsFV4, positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA)], Rhizoctonia solani fusarivirus 5 (RsFV5, +ssRNA), Rhizoctonia solani mitovirus 40 (RsMV40, +ssRNA), Rhizoctonia solani partitivirus 10 [RsPV10, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)], Rhizoctonia solani partitivirus 11 (RsPV11, dsRNA), and Rhizoctonia solani RNA virus 11 (RsRV11, dsRNA). Whole genome sequences of RsFV4, RsMV40, RsPV10, RsPV11, and RsRV11, as well as a partial genome sequence of RsFV5, were obtained. The 3’- and 5’- untranslated regions of the five mycoviruses with complete genome sequences were folded into stable stem-loop or panhandle secondary structures. RsFV4 and RsFV5 are most closely related to Rhizoctonia solani fusarivirus 1 (RsFV1), however, the first open reading frame (ORF) of RsFV4 and RsFV5 encode a hypothetical protein that differs from the first ORF of RsFV1, which encodes a helicase. We confirmed that RsPV10 and RsPV11 assemble into the spherical virus particles (approximately 30 nm in diameter) that were extracted from strain ZJ-2H. This is the first report that +ssRNA and dsRNA viruses co-infect a single strain of R. solani AG-3 PT.

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Silva, Ricardo Ferrari, e Eiko Eurya Kuramae. "Análise do DNA plasmidial de Rhizoctonia spp. associadas com feijoeiro e amendoinzeiro". Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 24 (30 aprile 2008): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v24i0.2287.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo isolar plasmídios de Rhizoctonia solani e Rhizoctonia spp. binucleada e verificar sua presença com patogenicidade. Isolados de Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HGI, obtidos de feijoeiro, e isolados hipovirulentos de Rhizoctonia spp. binucleada, obtidos de feijoeiro e de amendoinzeiro, coletados em diversas regiões produtoras do Estado de São Paulo foram analisados quanto à presença de DNA plasmidial. Foi constatado DNA plasmidial no isolado FJ-39.10, obtido de Rhizoctonia solani em feijoeiro, com tamanho de 2,6 kb. Não foi possível estabelecer correlação entre a presença de plasmídios e a virulência ou hipovirulência dos isolados

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Kurzawińska, H., e I. Gajda. "Fungi isolated from soil with quicksets of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana and their influence on the growth of Phytophthora cinnamomi and Rhizoctonia solani". Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (31 dicembre 2017): 631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10576-pps.

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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana is often attacked by other pathogens (from genera: Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia) both when the quicksets are taken root and later, when the young plants are planted. The aim of the study was to determine an effect of saprobiotic fungi isolated from soil with quicksets Chamaecyparis lawsoniana on the growth of Phytophthora cinnamomi and Rhizoctonia solani. In our experiment, method series biotic was used (MAŃKA 1974). This method allowed to determine index of impendence for plants by Phytophthora cinnamomi and Rhizoctonia solani with the help of summary biotic effect. The results of observation on the biotic interaction of saprobiotic fungi isolated from soil with quicksets Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, analysed as biotic series and Phytophthora cinnamomi and Rhizoctonia solani showed, that this of fungal community did not limited growth of these pathogens. Summary biotic effects were negative. Environment of saprobiotic fungi more promoted growth of Rhizoctonia solani than Phytophthora cinnamomi. It means, that in the soil under Chamaecyparis lawsoniana crop, Rhizoctonia solani could have a better of conditions for growth than Phytophthora cinnamomi.

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Poromarto, Susilo H., Berlin D. Nelson e Thomas P. Freeman. "Association of Binucleate Rhizoctonia with Soybean and Mechanism of Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani". Phytopathology® 88, n. 10 (ottobre 1998): 1056–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.10.1056.

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The association of binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) AG-K with soybean and the interaction of BNR, R. solani AG-4, and soybean seedlings were investigated to elucidate the mechanism of biocontrol of R. solani by BNR. Sixty-hour-old seedlings were inoculated and incubated in a growth chamber at 24°C; plants were examined with light microscopy and with scanning and transmission electron microscopy at various times following inoculation. BNR grew over hypocotyls, roots, and root hairs, but only colonized epidermal cells. Hyphae of BNR appeared to attach to the epidermis and, 5.5 h following inoculation, began penetrating cells by means of penetration pegs without forming distinct appressoria or infection cushions. There was evidence of cuticle degradation at the point of penetration. Infection hyphae moved to adjacent epidermal cells by direct penetration of epidermal radial walls. There were epidermal and cortical cell necrosis, beginning with the fragmentation of the tonoplast and followed by the disintegration of cytoplasm, organelles, and plasma membranes. Cell necrosis was also observed in adjacent cells where there was no evidence of BNR hyphae. Cell walls were not destroyed. After 144 h, there was noevidence of BNR hyphae in cortical cells. Attempted penetrations were observed, but papillae formed on the inside of cortical cell walls. Pre-inoculation of soybean seedlings with BNR 24 or 48 h before inoculation with R. solani (1 cm between inocula) affected the growth of R. solani on soybean tissue. There were fewer hyphae of R. solani, the hyphae branched sparingly, and infection cushions were rare when compared with hyphal growth on soybean inoculated only with R. solani. These effects were observed before the BNR hyphae began to intermingle with the hyphae of R. solani on the surface of the inoculated host. Preinoculation of soybean seedlings 24 h before inoculation with R. solani significantly (P = 0.05) reduced disease incidence and severity caused by R. solani AG-4. The lesions caused by R. solani always appeared distally, not proximally, to the BNR inoculum. The interactions of intermingling hyphae of BNR and R. solani were examined in vitro and on the surface of the host. There was no evidence of lysis, mycoparasitism, inhibition of growth, or any other form of antagonism between hyphae. The results of these studies strongly suggest that induced resistance is the mechanism of biocontrol of R. solani on soybean by BNR. The inhibition of hyphal growth of R. solani on the surface of soybean tissue preinoculated with BNR appears to be a novel characteristic of induced resistance.

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Hidayah, Nurul, Kristiana Sri Wijayanti e Nur Asbani. "Keefektifan Kalsium Polisulfida terhadap Rhizoctonia solani dan Rhizoctonia bataticola secara In Vitro". Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri 4, n. 1 (10 ottobre 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bultas.v4n1.2012.32-36.

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Rhizoctonia solani dan R. bataticola merupakan jamur patogen pada tanaman kapas yang sulit dikendalikan, karena dapat menghasilkan sklerosia sebagai struktur istirahatnya di dalam tanah meskipun tidak ada inang. Perlindungan tanaman sejak awal perlu dilakukan untuk melindungi dari serangan patogen tersebut. Pengguna-an kalsium polisulfida yang merupakan pestisida ramah lingkungan dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengenda-likan penyakit yang diakibatkan kedua jamur tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan kalsium polisulfida dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur R. solani dan R. bataticola secara in vitro. Tu-juh level konsentrasi kalsium polisulfida yakni 0% (kontrol); 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%; 2%; 2,5%; dan 3% masing-masing dituang ke dalam cawan petri kemudian ditambahkan dengan 10 ml media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). Inokulum R. solani dan R. bataticola masing-masing secara terpisah diinokulasikan setelah media pa-dat dan diinkubasi pada suhu kamar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara in vitro, kalsium polisulfida hanya mampu menghambat pertumbuhan miselia jamur R. solani dan R. bataticola sampai dengan hari kedua setelah perlakuan. Setelah itu persentase penghambatannya berangsur-angsur menurun. Both of Rhizoctonia solani and R. bataticola are the difficult fungal pathogens to control since they can pro-duce sclerotia as the resting spore in the soil even though there is no host. An early plant protection is im-portant to defend from the pathogen infection. The use of calcium polysulfide, an environmentally friendly pesticide, could be an alternative method to control diseases caused by both of them. The objective of this research was to identify the potency of calcium polysulfide in inhibiting of R. solani and R. bataticola growth in vitro. There were seven level of concentration of calcium polysulphide, ie. 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%, were poured onto petridish and added by PDA medium. R. solani and R. bataticola inocula were inoculated onto agar plate separately and incubated in room temperature. The result indicated that calcium polysulfide could inhibit the growth of R. solani and R. bataticola in vitro until two days after inoculation (dai), after that its capability was decreased slowly.

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Tuncer, S., e C. Eken. "Anastomosis grouping of Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolated from pepper in Erzincan, Turkey". Plant Protection Science 49, No. 3 (18 giugno 2013): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/77/2012-pps.

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Ninety eight isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were obtained from roots of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in Erzincan, Turkey during the period 2007–2008. The most prevalent multinucleate anastomosis groups (AG) were AG-4 (85.2%), followed by AG-2 type 1 (7.4%), AG-6 (5.0%), and AG-3 (2.5%). The population of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. comprised AG-A (82.4%), AG-K (11.8%), and AG-G (5.9%). Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 and AG-6, as well as binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. AG-G and AG-K on pepper (C. annuum) were firstly determined in this study. During both in vitro and in vivo pathogenicity experiments differences in virulence level between R. solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates were observed. Isolates of R. solani AG-2 type 1 and AG-4 were the most virulent, binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates of AG-A were less virulent, whereas binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates of AG-G and AG-K were non-pathogenic.  

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K.Gurme, Manisha. "Comparative antifungal Evaluation of Azadirachta indica juss leaf extract against Rhizoctonia solani causing leaf blight of Turmeric". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, n. 11 (1 novembre 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27338.

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In the present study the aqueous and methanol leaves extracts of Azadirachta indica using different concentrations from 10 to 40% were tested in Vitro by following poisoned food technique against Rhizoctonia solani causing leaf blight of turmeric. The used concentrations of leaves extract were as 0.0 (control), 10, 20, 30 and 40%. The aqueous Azadirachta indica leaves extract at 30% concentration and methanolic leaves extract at 40% concentration were found to be best in reducing the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani. Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Turmeric. Rhizoctonia solani.

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Kumari, Anupam, P. K. Jha e Anamita Sen. "In vitro Inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani Radial Growth by Native Mycoflora: Implications for Root Rot Disease in Chili". Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, n. 2 (16 febbraio 2024): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i2695.

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In the course of the study, native bioagents isolated from the rhizosphere of the chili crop were used to manage the soil-borne pathogens Rhizoctonia solani. The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar in the year 2020-23. The soil microflora (fungal and bacterial) was isolated from the rhizosphere of Chili and screened in vitro by evaluating their antagonistic potential against Rhizoctonia solani, and resultantly two fungal and two bacterial isolates were found most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen over control. The maximum percent inhibition was recorded in the case of Trichoderma harzianum (71.98%) followed by Trichoderma viride (62.54%) and among the bacterial isolates maximum inhibition was recorded in the case of RB1 that inhibit (69.38%), followed by RB6 (66.42%). Overall, these findings suggest that the combination of Trichoderma and Bacteria could be an effective and sustainable method for reducing the radial growth of Rhizoctonia solani causing Root rot disease in chilli. Rhizoctonia solani was established as a causal organism of chili. The use of Bio-control agents is an eco-friendly approach and a good option to manage soil borne phyto-pathogens. These biological control agents either use the mechanism of antibiosis or mycoparasitism against the fungal pathogen. Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. and Bacterial isolates against Rhizoctonia solani showed that significantly reduced the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro.

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Koka, Jahangir Abdullah, Abdul Hamid Wani, Mohd Yaqub Bhat, Tariq Ahmad Wani e Shazia Parveen. "Antimycotic activity of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiale: Lamiaceae) and Iris kashmiriana Baker (Asparagales: Iridaceae) against some vegetable rot fungi". Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 5, n. 9 (2018): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.050908.

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Antifungal activities of different solvent extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiale: Lamiaceae) and Iris kashmiriana Baker (Asparagales: Iridaceae) were carried out through agar well diffusion assay at three concentrations (25 uL, 50 uL and 75 uL) against seven rot causing fungi, viz. Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus niger, Mucor plumbeus, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium chrysogenum, Trichothecium roseum and Rhizoctonia solani. All the concentration of plant extracts showed antimycotic activity against tested pathogenic fungi. Antimycotic activity increased with the increased concentrations of plant extracts. However, higher concentrations proved more effective than lower concentrations. It was revealed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Ajuga bracteosa showed maximum antimycotic activity against Mucor plumbeus and Rhizoctonia solani and least activity against Penicillium chrysogenum. However, the aqueous extract of Ajuga bracteosa showed maximum antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Penicillium expansum and least activity against Trichothecium roseum. It was further revealed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Iris kashmiriana showed maximum antimycotic activity against Aspergillus niger and least activity against Rhizoctonia solani. Whereas the aqueous extract of Iris kashmiriana showed maximum antimycotic activity against Penicillium expansum and Rhizoctonia solani and least activity against Aspergillus niger.

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Shekhawat, Deependra Singh, R. K. Bagri, A. L. Yadav, Priyanka Bhati, B. Bhagchand Yadav e Suresh Kumawat. "Studies on Different Host Range of Root Rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) under Pot House". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, n. 22 (24 novembre 2023): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i224147.

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Abstract (sommario):

The pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani has a wide host range infecting crops. In order to find out the host range of R. solani causing root rot of fenugreek, 13 plant species were selected which are commonly found in fenugreek growing ecosystem. Root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani has become an important constraint to the growers in Rajasthan. Rhizoctonia solani cause root rot in chick pea, chilli, coriander, fenugreek, cumin, wheat, barley, okra, field pea, tomato, fennel and cabbage but spinach was not infected. Out of these plants maximum disease incidence was observed in paan methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum) i.e., 57.82 per cent whereas, minimum 28.31 per cent disease incidence was observed in barley (Hordeum vulgare).

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

au, jiangwu@central murdoch edu, e Jiang Wu. "Transformation of Rhizoctonia solani". Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050728.141653.

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Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this study was to develop a genetic transformation system for the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani (teliomorph, Thanatephprus cucumeris Frank [Donk]). The availability of a transformation system would allow us to study gene exchange, epidemiology, and to use techniques such as gene disruption or gene silencing to investigate the role of fungal enzymes in pathogenesis. The approach adopted was to use Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform the fungus as reports in the literature suggested that this was the most efficient and easiest method to use. As a preliminary test, Fusarium oxysporum was transformed using a binary vector (pBINAN) containing a hygromycin resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter and terminator. Hygromycin resistant transformants were obtained after co-incubation of fungal conidia with the bacterium. The presence of the transgene was confirmed by analysis of DNA. The number of transformants depended on the genetic background of the A tumefaciens. Strains AGLO or AGRO gave higher numbers of transformants compared to LBA4404. No transformants were obtained when the hygromycin gene was under control of a basidiomycete (pBINHL1), or a plant (CaMV35S) promoter. Since the basidiomycete promoter used in pBINHL1 originates from Ustilago maydis, the vector was tested by transformation of Ustilago cynodontis. Stable transformants of U cynodontis were obtained with this vector. A series of experiments were carried out on transformation of R. solani mycelium. Both the protoplast and the Agrobacterium transformation methods were tested. Parameters affecting protoplast production and regeneration were examined. Protoplast production varied with the age of the mycelium, with the osmotic stabilizer used, and with time of treatment with protoplasting enzymes. Regeneration of protoplasts was also affected by the osmotic stabilizer and the growth medium. Transformation of several isolates from different anastomosis groups (AG) was attempted by inducing protoplasts to take up DNA using polyethyleneglycol. Two plasmids were used; (1) pAN7-1 containing the resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter, and (2) pHL-1 in which the resistance gene is under control of a basidiomycete promoter. No transformants were obtained. Attempts were then made to transform mycelium and protoplasts using A tumefaciens. The experiments used both mycelium and protoplasts as the recipient. A number of small resistant colonies were obtained using binary plasmid (pBINHL1) in which mycelium was transformed with the resistance gene was driven by the basidiomycete promoter. On transfer to fresh medium these colonies would grow to about 2cm diameter, and then stop growing. On a second transfer to fresh medium they failed to show any growth. No resistant colonies were obtained from A. tumefaciens transformation of protoplasts. To improve transformation efficiency, a vector was constructed in which the hygromycin resistance gene was fused to an R solani laccase promoter sequence. No resistant colonies were obtained using this vector. Further experiments were carried out using a hygromycin resistance gene specially modified for expression in basidiomycetes by the insertion of artificial introns in the 5 and 3 untranslated regions, and a number of AT to CG conversions in the coding region. Most of the recipient isolates gave transformants with the unstable resistance phenotype. However, one AG 6 isolate gave transformants with a stable resistance phenotype. Of six transformants recovered from this isolate, five were shown by PCR and southern blotting to contain the transgene. In four of these transformants the resistance phenotype was stable in the absence of selection.

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Wu, Jiang. "Transformation of Rhizoctonia solani". Thesis, Wu, Jiang (2003) Transformation of Rhizoctonia solani. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/417/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this study was to develop a genetic transformation system for the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani (teliomorph, Thanatephprus cucumeris Frank [Donk]). The availability of a transformation system would allow us to study gene exchange, epidemiology, and to use techniques such as gene disruption or gene silencing to investigate the role of fungal enzymes in pathogenesis. The approach adopted was to use Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform the fungus as reports in the literature suggested that this was the most efficient and easiest method to use. As a preliminary test, Fusarium oxysporum was transformed using a binary vector (pBINAN) containing a hygromycin resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter and terminator. Hygromycin resistant transformants were obtained after co-incubation of fungal conidia with the bacterium. The presence of the transgene was confirmed by analysis of DNA. The number of transformants depended on the genetic background of the A tumefaciens. Strains AGLO or AGRO gave higher numbers of transformants compared to LBA4404. No transformants were obtained when the hygromycin gene was under control of a basidiomycete (pBINHL1), or a plant (CaMV35S) promoter. Since the basidiomycete promoter used in pBINHL1 originates from Ustilago maydis, the vector was tested by transformation of Ustilago cynodontis. Stable transformants of U cynodontis were obtained with this vector. A series of experiments were carried out on transformation of R. solani mycelium. Both the protoplast and the Agrobacterium transformation methods were tested. Parameters affecting protoplast production and regeneration were examined. Protoplast production varied with the age of the mycelium, with the osmotic stabilizer used, and with time of treatment with protoplasting enzymes. Regeneration of protoplasts was also affected by the osmotic stabilizer and the growth medium. Transformation of several isolates from different anastomosis groups (AG) was attempted by inducing protoplasts to take up DNA using polyethyleneglycol. Two plasmids were used; (1) pAN7-1 containing the resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter, and (2) pHL-1 in which the resistance gene is under control of a basidiomycete promoter. No transformants were obtained. Attempts were then made to transform mycelium and protoplasts using A tumefaciens. The experiments used both mycelium and protoplasts as the recipient. A number of small resistant colonies were obtained using binary plasmid (pBINHL1) in which mycelium was transformed with the resistance gene was driven by the basidiomycete promoter. On transfer to fresh medium these colonies would grow to about 2cm diameter, and then stop growing. On a second transfer to fresh medium they failed to show any growth. No resistant colonies were obtained from A. tumefaciens transformation of protoplasts. To improve transformation efficiency, a vector was constructed in which the hygromycin resistance gene was fused to an R solani laccase promoter sequence. No resistant colonies were obtained using this vector. Further experiments were carried out using a hygromycin resistance gene specially modified for expression in basidiomycetes by the insertion of artificial introns in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, and a number of AT to CG conversions in the coding region. Most of the recipient isolates gave transformants with the unstable resistance phenotype. However, one AG 6 isolate gave transformants with a stable resistance phenotype. Of six transformants recovered from this isolate, five were shown by PCR and southern blotting to contain the transgene. In four of these transformants the resistance phenotype was stable in the absence of selection.

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Wu, Jiang. "Transformation of Rhizoctonia solani". Wu, Jiang (2003) Transformation of Rhizoctonia solani. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/417/.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this study was to develop a genetic transformation system for the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani (teliomorph, Thanatephprus cucumeris Frank [Donk]). The availability of a transformation system would allow us to study gene exchange, epidemiology, and to use techniques such as gene disruption or gene silencing to investigate the role of fungal enzymes in pathogenesis. The approach adopted was to use Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform the fungus as reports in the literature suggested that this was the most efficient and easiest method to use. As a preliminary test, Fusarium oxysporum was transformed using a binary vector (pBINAN) containing a hygromycin resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter and terminator. Hygromycin resistant transformants were obtained after co-incubation of fungal conidia with the bacterium. The presence of the transgene was confirmed by analysis of DNA. The number of transformants depended on the genetic background of the A tumefaciens. Strains AGLO or AGRO gave higher numbers of transformants compared to LBA4404. No transformants were obtained when the hygromycin gene was under control of a basidiomycete (pBINHL1), or a plant (CaMV35S) promoter. Since the basidiomycete promoter used in pBINHL1 originates from Ustilago maydis, the vector was tested by transformation of Ustilago cynodontis. Stable transformants of U cynodontis were obtained with this vector. A series of experiments were carried out on transformation of R. solani mycelium. Both the protoplast and the Agrobacterium transformation methods were tested. Parameters affecting protoplast production and regeneration were examined. Protoplast production varied with the age of the mycelium, with the osmotic stabilizer used, and with time of treatment with protoplasting enzymes. Regeneration of protoplasts was also affected by the osmotic stabilizer and the growth medium. Transformation of several isolates from different anastomosis groups (AG) was attempted by inducing protoplasts to take up DNA using polyethyleneglycol. Two plasmids were used; (1) pAN7-1 containing the resistance gene under control of an ascomycete promoter, and (2) pHL-1 in which the resistance gene is under control of a basidiomycete promoter. No transformants were obtained. Attempts were then made to transform mycelium and protoplasts using A tumefaciens. The experiments used both mycelium and protoplasts as the recipient. A number of small resistant colonies were obtained using binary plasmid (pBINHL1) in which mycelium was transformed with the resistance gene was driven by the basidiomycete promoter. On transfer to fresh medium these colonies would grow to about 2cm diameter, and then stop growing. On a second transfer to fresh medium they failed to show any growth. No resistant colonies were obtained from A. tumefaciens transformation of protoplasts. To improve transformation efficiency, a vector was constructed in which the hygromycin resistance gene was fused to an R solani laccase promoter sequence. No resistant colonies were obtained using this vector. Further experiments were carried out using a hygromycin resistance gene specially modified for expression in basidiomycetes by the insertion of artificial introns in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, and a number of AT to CG conversions in the coding region. Most of the recipient isolates gave transformants with the unstable resistance phenotype. However, one AG 6 isolate gave transformants with a stable resistance phenotype. Of six transformants recovered from this isolate, five were shown by PCR and southern blotting to contain the transgene. In four of these transformants the resistance phenotype was stable in the absence of selection.

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Matthew, Jamie Scott. "Molecular diversity between anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Adelaide". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm437.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):

Journal article co-authored by the author inserted at end (Plant pathology (1991) 40, 67-77) Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-167) Describes the isolation of antibody and DNA probes which vary in their reaction to different anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani. Evidence is presented to show that isolates from anastomosis group 8 are biochemically distinct from isolates in other anastomosis groups found in South Australia.

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Simons, Sarah Anne. "Studies on the epidemiology of Rhizoctonia solani on Solanum tuberosum". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333383.

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Rutherford, Michael Andrew. "Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336000.

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McCabe, Patricia Margaret. "Characterisation of extrachromosomal elements from Rhizoctonia solani". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15314.

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The plant pathogenic basidiomycete, Rhizoctonia solani, contains extrachromosomal double-stranded RNA and DNA elements, but the role of these elements in the biology and pathology of the fungus is uncertain. Aspects of these elements in R.solani and the role of anastomosis (hyphal fusions) in their transmission are examined here. Anastomoses between hyphae, leading to successful cell fusions and death of fused cells (vegetative incompatibility) were observed by video microscopy and by fluorescence microscopy when hyphae were loaded with fluorochromes. However, attempts to monitor organelle transfer were unsuccessful and ultra-violet irradiation of hyphae containing fluorochromes led rapidly to hyphal death. Two strains of anastomosis group (AG) 4 could readily be 'cured' of dsRNA by subculture of hyphal tips, although one strain which contained a 2.5kb DNA element could not be freed in this way, nor by ultra-violet irradiation or heating to 30°C. Several of the resulting hyphal tip subcultures showed an incompatibility reaction when paired with the respective parent strain. These parent-incompatible strains (6 from parent strain PA1 and 6 from parent strain I13) fell into 2 groups - mutually compatible within each group, but incompatible with the other group and the parent. Anastomosis during pairings of strains within any one group never led to a parent-compatible strain when subcultures were taken from the zone of hyphal fusion. There was no evidence that dsRNA influenced compatibility; instead it is suggested that hyphal tip subculturing led to segregation (or expression) of nuclear compatibility genes. Counts of nuclei in tip cells, by DAPI staining and fluorescence microscopy, showed variation in different parts of the fungal colonies, and significant tendency for some juxtaposed branch tips (arising as clusters from a single hypha) to have similar nuclear numbers to one another.

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Noor, Afsana. "Understanding and Managing Rhizoctonia Solani in Sugarbeet". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26917.

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Rhizoctonia crown and root rot of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) caused by Rhizoctonia solani K?hn is one of the most important production problems in Minnesota and North Dakota. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of azoxystrobin to control R. solani at seed, cotyledonary, 2-leaf and 4-leaf stages of sugarbeet; compatibility, safety, and efficacy of mixing azoxystrobin with starter fertilizers to control R. solani; and the effect of placement of azoxystrobin in control of R. solani. Results demonstrated that azoxystrobin provided effective control applied in-furrow or band applications before infection at all sugarbeet growth stages evaluated; mixtures of azoxystrobin and starter fertilizers were compatible, safe, and provided control of R. solani; and azoxystrobin provided effective control against R. solani when placed in contact over the sugarbeet root or into soil close to the roots.
Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota

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Wiseman, Bronwyn Meg. "Characterisation of rhizoctonia barepatch decline". Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw8137.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 184-209. This thesis describes the occurence of natural, biologically based suppression of Rhizoctonia barepatch in a direct drilled system at Avon, South Australia. The supressive characteristics are transferable, removed by biocidal treatments, and active against increasing doses of R. solani AG-8, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and Fusarium graminearum. Disease severity and the viable population of Rhizoctonia are reduced in suppressive soil but the causal agent is still present. The microbial populations in suppressive and non-suppressive soil appear to differ both in their functioning and composition. The control strategy is developed through manipulation of the existing soil biota with farming practices.

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Bora, Pranjal. "Production of laccase by the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani". Thesis, Bora, Pranjal (2003) Production of laccase by the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/423/.

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This thesis is an investigation into the production of laccases by the phytopathogenic soil fungus Rhizoctonia solani. The fungus causes maceration of plant tissue by the production of a variety of plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Whilst most attention has focused on the role of pectinases in maceration, the laccases which degrade lignin are likely to be important in this process. The production of laccase by the AG-11 isolate VR20 in V8 medium reached a maximum after 6 days incubation. Laccase activity was unaffected by variation in temperatures over the range 4-15 degrees C, but as the temperature increased the activity increased to a maximum at 25 degrees C. This high level activity was maintained as the temperature was increased to 37 degrees C. The effects of pH on laccase activity was also determined. Activity was stable over the pH range 4.5-6. Outside this range the activity decreased significantly. The composition of the growth medium also had a significant effect on laccase production. Similar levels of activity were observed during growth in V8, apple pectin media, or in media containing ground up lupin hypocotyls as a carbon source. However, approx 20 fold higher levels were obtained after growth in Czapek-Dox medium. Different laccase activity band patterns were obtained by zymogram analysis of culture supernatants. The production of the other cell wall degrading enzymes pectinase,xylanase and cellulase in these media was assessed for comparison. Whilst all three were produced in V8 and apple pectin media, cellulase was not produced in lupin medium, and none of these were produced in Czapek-Dox medium. Attempts to increase laccase production by the addition of the reported laccase inducers CuSO4.5H2O, p-anisidine, ethanol, MnSO4.7H2O, resveratrol, and tannic acid to the growth medium showed mixed results. The only case where enhancement of synthesis was observed was with the addition of MnSO4 to Czapek-Dox medium. This compound did not enhance production in the other media tested. With the exception of p-anisidine, the other inducers had minimal effect in V8, apple pectin or lupin media. Para anisidine completely inhibited production in lupin medium. With the exception of MnSO4, all inducers inhibited laccase production in Czapek-Dox medium, with p-anisidine causing complete inhibition. The production of xylanase and cellulase was also inhibited by these inducers but in a growth medium dependent manner. Cellulase production in V8 medium was inhibited by ethanol, MnSO4, resveratrol, and tannic acid whilst only the latter two inhibited xylanase production and none of these inhibited pectinase production. In contrast, p-anisidine had a greater inhibitory effect on pectinase and xylanase production in V8 medium than on cellulase production. Para-anisidine also inhibited xylanase (and laccase) but not pectinase production in lupin medium but not in apple pectin medium. Resveratrol and tannic acid also inhibited xylanase production in lupin medium. The effects of the inhibitory compounds EDTA and SDS on laccase activity was determined. With SDS the % inhibition increased as the concentration of inhibitor decreased from 5% to 0.5%. With EDTA the opposite trend was observed. The effects of arginine on laccase activity was also tested. At concentrations of 0.5 to 5% arginine, laccase activity was completely inhibited. Laccase activity was purified from the culture supernatant by anion exchange chromatography, and by electroelution from a native-PAGE gel. The degree of purification by each method was greater than 50 fold. Electrophoresis of the purified protein on an SDS-PAGE gel followed by staining with Coomassie blue showed two protein bands of 66 and 38 KDa. Measurement of the absorption spectrum of the purified protein showed two absorbance maxima, at 240 and 340nm. Laccases produced by isolates from different anastomosis groups were analysed by staining gels for laccase activity. Variations in the band pattern were observed both between and within anastomosis groups. Analysis of single spore isolates from AG-8 and AG-11 showed segregation of band patterns. However the sample sizes were too small to make conclusions about the numbers of laccase enzymes produced by or the number of genes in the parent field isolates. The role of laccases in maceration of lupin radicle tissue was investigated. Microscopic staining showed the presence of lignin in radicle tissue, and when incubated in the fungal enzymes the tissue lost integrity, characteristic symptoms of maceration. Maceration wasreadily observed as discolouring when the radicle was incubated in a solution of fungal enzyme. The degree of maceration was quantified by measuring the length of the discoloured region. Enzymes from all of the isolates tested caused maceration of lupin radicle. The degree of maceration ranged from 80-100%. No maceration was observed when agrinine was included in the reaction mixture. Arginine does not inhibit the activity of pectinases, xylanases, or cellulases. In maceration assays with potato tuber tissue which does not contain lignin, the addition of arginine to the reaction did not inhibit maceration. The results show that laccases are required for maceration of lignified tissue, but not for non-lignified tissue. Laccase gene sequences were cloned from three isolates, SCR122 (AG-6), 11034 (AG-8), and VR20 (AG-11) using degenerate primers to conserved sequences to amplify the gene sequences. The amplicons were cloned and sequenced. A BLAST search of the NCBI database with the derived amino acid sequences confirmed that the sequences were from laccase genes.

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Libri sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

Judson, William W. The effects of crop sequences on populations and strains of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Charlottetown, P.E.I: University of Prince Edward Island, 1991.

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Braun, Hans, e H. Morstatt. Wurzeltöter der Kartoffel: Rhizoctonia Solani K. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Rhizoctonia species: Taxonomy, molecular biology, ecology, pathology, and disease control. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1996.

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(Editor), B. Sneh, S. Jabaji-Hare (Editor), S. M. Neate (Editor) e G. Dijst (Editor), a cura di. Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control. Springer, 1996.

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Sneh, B., S. Jabaji-Hare, S. M. Neate e G. Dijst. Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Beltran, Camilo, Carlos Moreno e Alba Cotes, a cura di. Trichoderma koningiopsis Th003 alternativa biológica para el control de Rhizoctonia solani en el cultivo de papa. Corporacion Colombiana de Investigacion Agropecuaria - Corpoica, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/978-958-740-076-2.

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Beltrán Acosta, Camilo Rubén, Yimmy Alexander Zapata Narváez e María Victoria Zuluaga Mogollón. Bioplaguicida Tricotec® WG para el control de Rhizoctonia solani (rizoctoniasis y costra negra) en el cultivo de papa. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.folded349.

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Tricotec® WG es un fungicida biológico preventivo formulado como un granulado dispersable (WG). Su principio activo son conidios del hongo biocontrolador Trichoderma koningiopsis cepa Th003. Tiene un amplio espectro de acción contra fitopatógenos del suelo (ver recomendaciones de uso) y es una excelente alternativa para incluir en los planes de manejo integrado de enfermedades en cultivos de papa. Este producto es desarrollado por la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (agrosavia) y ha demostrado ser una alternativa de control de enfermedades en cultivos como complemento de otros métodos de control. Tricotec® WG también promueve el crecimiento de las plantas.

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Gleń-Karolczyk, Katarzyna. Zabiegi ochronne kształtujące plonowanie zdrowotność oraz różnorodność mikroorganizmów związanych z czernieniem pierścieniowym korzeni chrzanu (Atmoracia rusticana Gaertn.). Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-39-7.

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Horseradish roots, due to the content of many valuable nutrients and substances with healing and pro-health properties, are used more and more in medicine, food industry and cosmetics. In Poland, the cultivation of horseradish is considered minor crops. In addition, its limited size causes horseradish producers to encounter a number of unresolved agrotechnical problems. Infectious diseases developing on the leaves and roots during the long growing season reduce the size and quality of root crops. The small range of protection products intended for use in the cultivation of horseradish generates further serious environmental problems (immunization of pathogens, low effectiveness, deterioration of the quality of raw materials intended for industry, destruction of beneficial organisms and biodiversity). In order to meet the problems encountered by horseradish producers and taking into account the lack of data on: yielding, occurrence of infectious diseases and the possibility of combating them with methods alternative to chemical ones in the years 2012–2015, rigorous experiments have been carried out. The paper compares the impact of chemical protection and its reduced variants with biological protection on: total yield of horseradish roots and its structure. The intensification of infectious diseases on horseradish leaves and roots was analyzed extensively. Correlations were examined between individual disease entities and total yield and separated root fractions. A very important and innovative part of the work was to learn about the microbial communities involved in the epidemiology of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. The effect was examined of treatment of horseradish cuttings with a biological preparation (Pythium oligandrum), a chemical preparation (thiophanate-methyl), and the Kelpak SL biostimulator (auxins and cytokinins from the Ecklonia maxima algae) on the quantitative and qualitative changes occurring in the communities of these microorganisms. The affiliation of species to groups of frequencies was arranged hierarchically, and the biodiversity of these communities was expressed by the following indicators: Simpson index, Shannon–Wiener index, Shannon evenness index and species richness index. Correlations were assessed between the number of communities, indicators of their biodiversity and intensification of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. It was shown that the total yield of horseradish roots was on average 126 dt · ha–1. Within its structure, the main root was 56%, whereas the fraction of lateral roots (cuttings) with a length of more than 20 cm accounted for 26%, and those shorter than 20 cm for 12%, with unprofitable yield (waste) of 6%. In the years with higher humidity, the total root yield was higher than in the dry seasons by around 51 dt · ha–1 on average. On the other hand, the applied protection treatments significantly increased the total yield of horseradish roots from 4,6 to 45,3 dt · ha–1 and the share of fractions of more than 30 cm therein. Higher yielding effects were obtained in variants with a reduced amount of foliar application of fungicides at the expense of introducing biopreparations and biostimulators (R1, R2, R3) and in chemical protection (Ch) than in biological protection (B1, B2) and with the limitation of treatments only to the treatment of cuttings. The largest increments can be expected after treating the seedlings with Topsin M 500 SC and spraying the leaves: 1 × Amistar Opti 480 SC, 1 × Polyversum WP, 1 × Timorex Gold 24 EC and three times with biostimulators (2 × Kelpak SL + 1 × Tytanit). In the perspective of the increasing water deficit, among the biological protection methods, the (B2) variant with the treatment of seedlings with auxins and cytokinins contained in the E. maxima algae extract is more recommended than (B1) involving the use of P. oligandrum spores. White rust was the biggest threat on horseradish plantations, whereas the following occurred to a lesser extent: Phoma leaf spot, Cylindrosporium disease, Alternaria black spot and Verticillium wilt. In turn, on the surface of the roots it was dry root rot and inside – Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. The best health of the leaves and roots was ensured by full chemical protection (cuttings treatment + 6 foliar applications). A similar effect of protection against Albugo candida and Pyrenopeziza brassicae was achieved in the case of reduced chemical protection to one foliar treatment with synthetic fungicide, two treatments with biological preparations (Polyversum WP and Timorex Gold 24 EC) and three treatments with biostimulators (2 × Kelpak SL, 1 × Tytanit). On the other hand, the level of limitation of root diseases comparable with chemical protection was ensured by its reduced variants R3 and R2, and in the case of dry root rot, also both variants of biological protection. In the dry years, over 60% of the roots showed symptoms of Verticillium wilt, and its main culprits are Verticillium dahliae (37.4%), Globisporangium irregulare (7.2%), Ilyonectria destructans (7.0%), Fusarium acuminatum (6.7%), Rhizoctonia solani (6.0%), Epicoccum nigrum (5.4%), Alternaria brassicae (5.17%). The Kelpak SL biostimulator and the Polyversum WP biological preparation contributed to the increased biodiversity of microbial communities associated with Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. In turn, along with its increase, the intensification of the disease symptoms decreased. There was a significant correlation between the richness of species in the communities of microbial isolates and the intensification of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. Each additional species of microorganism contributed to the reduction of disease intensification by 1,19%.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

Rothrock, Craig S. "Cotton Diseases Incited by Rhizoctonia Solani". In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 269–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_24.

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Val-Moraes, Silvana Pompeia. "Suppressiveness in Different Soils for Rhizoctonia solani". In Soil Biology, 175–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23075-7_8.

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Weinhold, Albert R., e James B. Sinclair. "Rhizoctonia Solani: Penetration, Colonization, and Host Response". In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 163–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_14.

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Dunsmuir, Pamela, William Howie, Ed Newbigin, Larry Joe, Eva Penzes e Trevor Suslow. "Resistance to Rhizoctonia Solani in Transgenic Tobacco". In Advances in Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol. 2, 567–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0651-3_63.

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Neate, Stephen M., e Johannes H. M. Schneider. "Sampling and Quantification of Rhizoctonia Solani in Soil". In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 185–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_16.

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Carling, Donald E. "Grouping in Rhizoctonia Solani by Hyphal Anastomosis Reaction". In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 37–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_3.

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Jager, G., e H. Velvis. "Dynamics of Damage from Rhizoctonia Solani in Potato Fields". In Effects of Crop Rotation on Potato Production in the Temperate Zones, 237–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2474-1_20.

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Rubio, Victor, Stellos M. Tavantzis e Dilip K. Lakshman. "Extrachromosomal Elements and Degree of Pathogenicity in Rhizoctonia Solani". In Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control, 127–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_11.

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Hashiba, T., A. Sasaki e K. Katsura. "Protoplast Fusion and DNA Plasmid Characterisation in Rhizoctonia Solani". In Major Fungal Diseases of Rice, 223–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2157-8_16.

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Monte, Enrique, Rosa Hermosa, María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco e Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz. "Are species concepts outdated for fungi? Intraspecific variation in plant-pathogenic fungi illustrates the need for subspecific categorization." In Trends in the systematics of bacteria and fungi, 301–19. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244984.0301.

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Abstract Precise naming of a species is very important for phytopathogenic fungi because names may carry key information for the management of the fungal diseases. Naming fungal species based on morphological traits or biological properties is outdated and unreliable. This chapter provides the classification of some plant pathogenic fungi including Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Verticillum based on morphological, pathogenicity, molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Debate on species identification is no longer a question of being in favour of 'splitters' rather than of 'lumpers', but defining phytopathogenic species is particularly complicated and requires further consideration of subspecific categorizations.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

Hubbell, Lee A., James F. Stewart, Brian J. Groulx e Gregory M. Clark. "RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI; CONTROL MEASURES IN MICHIGAN". In 37th Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2013.41.

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J. AL-JASSANI, Mohammad, Huda Hazim AL-TAEE e Asmaa Mansour AL-HAKEEM. "MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF SOME ORNAMENTAL PLANT ROOT ROTTING FUNGI". In VII. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESSOF PURE,APPLIEDANDTECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress7-17.

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Plants produced for their beauty rather than their practical utility are known as ornamental plants. There are several sorts of attractive plants such as Rubber, Gladiolus, Iris, and others. Fungi impacting these plants were isolated and identified using morphological and molecular approaches, including PCR and sequencing the ITS region for the most prominent isolates. The isolation results showed the presence of Fusarium ptoliferatum from Rubber, Paecilomyces tenuis from Gladiolus and Rhizoctonia solani from Iris. Sequencing revealed new Fusarium ptoliferatum, Paecilomyces tenuis and Rhizoctonia solani isolates that have been registered at the GeneBank database and registered under the accession number MT935588, MT936328, and MT946901 respectively.

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Янковская, Е., Дмитрий Войтка, М. Федорович e А. Михнюк. "Антагонистическая активность энтомопатогенных грибов в отношении фитопатогенных микромицетов". In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.85.

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The researches on evaluation the influence of entomopathogenic fungi of the genuses Beauveria, Isaria and Lecanicillium influence on phytopathogenic microorganisms Alternaria solani, Botrytis ciner-ea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Phytophtora alni are presented. The antifungal peculiarities of tested strains – a potential basis of complex action biological preparations for plant protection are shown in vitro. The highest level of antagonistic activity has been revealed in strains Beauveria brongniartii МХ, Lecanicillium sp. аph and Isaria fumosorosea 21-2.

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Razali, Nurhani Mat, Mohd Faizal Abu Bakar, Cheah Boon Huat e Kalaivani Nadarajah. "Characterizations of transposable element (TE) landscape in Rhizoctonia solani". In THE 2018 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2018 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5111279.

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Khan, Mohamed F. R. "WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS FOR MANAGING RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI ON SUGARBEET?" In 37th Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2013.43.

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Nguyen, V. Zh, T. O. Dao, E. A. Kalashnikova e Th H. Nguyen. "Isolation and identification of Rhizoctonia solani antagonist bacteria from the rhizosphere of pepper plants". In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-84.

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The purpose of this work is to isolate bacteria from the pepper rhizosphere that inhibit Rhizoctoniasolani and evaluate in vitro their phosphate solubilizing activity and production of siderophore. Of the different soil samples taken from the pepper fields of An Thanh, An Ninh, Quynh My, QuynhPhudistrict, ThaiBinh province, 48 bacterial strains were isolated. Of these, 5 strains (AT16, VK 4.7, VK 4.8, VK 4.12, VK 4.13) expressed as higher inhibitory Rhizoctonia solani activity were selected. Their inhibitory activity is from 11.11% to 62.22%.

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Hill, Amy L., Kimberly M. Webb, Julie Laufmann, Linda E. Hanson e Lee Panella. "Long term preservation of a collection of Rhizoctonia solani, using cryogenic storage." In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2009.44.

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Hubbell, Lee A., James F. Stewart, Brian J. Groulx e Ralph Fogg. "Rhizoctonia solani; the extent of the problem and control measures in Michigan". In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2011.24.

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Khan, Mohamed F. R., e Aaron L. Carlson. "Efficacy of fungicides for controlling Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet. Powerpoint Presentation". In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2011.51.

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Durak, Emre Demirer. "Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potato by using indigenous Trichoderma spp." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES: ICANAS 2016. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4945846.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Rhizoctonia solani"

C. Saulle, Carolina, Alexandre Claus, Letícia De A. Sales, Alan G. Gonçalves, Diogo R. B. Ducatti, Miguel D. Noseda e Louise L. May De Mio. Photoinactivation of Colletotrichum truncatum, Corynespora cassiicola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani in soybean seeds by cationic porphyrins. Peeref, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2306p7813370.

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Beltrán, C., J. Zapata e L. Uribe. Caracterización fisiológica de cepas de Trichoderma spp., seleccionadas por su potencial de uso para el control de Rhizoctonia solani en arroz bajo condiciones in vitro. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2016.46.

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El añublo de la vaina causado por Rhizoctonia solani AG1, es una de las principales limitantes de la producción de arroz a nivel mundial, provocando pérdidas superiores al 50 %. Actualmente, no se cuenta con variedades resistentes, por lo que el principal método de control del patógeno es mediante el uso de fungicidas de síntesis química, con ingredientes activos como Fenbuconazol (IV), Picoxystrobin (II) y Propiconazol (III). Como una alternativa promisoria al uso de fungicidas de síntesis química, se seleccionaron diferentes cepas de Trichoderma spp., por su potencial control del patógeno. Teniendo en cuenta que la actividad biológica de los microorganismos antagonistas es influenciada por factores como el pH y la temperatura, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar siológicamente 15 cepas de Trichoderma spp., por su capacidad de crecer a temperaturas de 20 °C, 25 °C y 30 °C y a pHs entre 4,5 y 7,0, condiciones similares a las encontradas en los cultivos comerciales de arroz en el municipio de Saldaña, Tolima (Colombia).

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Hoitink, Harry A. J., Yitzhak Hadar, Laurence V. Madden e Yona Chen. Sustained Suppression of Pythium Diseases: Interactions between Compost Maturity and Nutritional Requirements of Biocontrol Agents. United States Department of Agriculture, giugno 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568755.bard.

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Several procedures were developed that predict maturity (stability) of composts prepared from municipal solid wastes (MSW). A respirometry procedure, based O2 uptake by compost, predicted (R2=0.90) the growth response of ryegrass in composts and an acceptable level of maturity. Spectroscopic methods (CPMAS13-NMR and DRIFT spectroscopy) showed that the stabilizing compost contained increasing levels of aromatic structures. All procedures predicted acceptable plant growth after approximately 110 days of composting. MSW compost suppressed diseases caused by a broad spectrum of plant pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium oxysporum. A strain of Pantoea agglomerans was identified that caused lysis of hyphae of R. solani. Evidence was obtained, suggesting that thermophilic biocontrol agents also might play a role in suppression. 13C-NMR spectra revealed that the longevity of the suppressive effect against Pythium root rot was determined by the concentration of readily biodegradable carbohydrate in the substrate, mostly present as cellulose. Bacterial species capable of inducing biocontrol were replaced by those not effective as suppression was lost. The rate of uptake of 14C-acetate into microbial biomass in the conducive substrate was not significantly different from that in the suppressive substrate although specific activity was higher. The suppressive composts induced systemic acquired resistance in cucumjber roots to Pythium root rot and to anthracnose in the foliage. Composts also increased peroxidase activity in plants by the conducive substrate did not have these effects. In summary, the composition of the organic fraction determined bacterial species composition and activity in the substrate, which in turn regulated plant gene expression relative to biological control.

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Kloepper, Joseph W., e Ilan Chet. Endophytic Bacteria of Cotton and Sweet Corn for Providing Growth Promotion and Biological Disease Control. United States Department of Agriculture, gennaio 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613039.bard.

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Endophytes were isolated from 16.7% of surface-disinfested seeds and 100% of stems and roots of field-growth plants. Strains from Israel with broad-spectrum in vitro antibiosis were mainly Bacillus spp., and some were chitinolytic. Following dipping of cut cotton roots into suspensions of these strains, endophytes were detected up to 72 days later by isolation and by autoradiograms of 14C-labelled bacteria. Selected endophytes exhibited biological control potential based on significant reductions in disease severity on cotton inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum as well as control of Sclerotium rolfsii on bean. Neither salicylic acid nor chitinase levels increased in plants as a result of endophytic colonization, suggesting that the observed biocontrol was not accounted for by PR protein production. Some biocontrol endophytes secreted chitinolytic enzymes. Model endophytic strains inoculated into cotton stems via stem injection showed only limited movement within the stem. When introduced into stems at low concentrations, endophytes increased in population density at the injection site. After examining several experimental and semi-practical inoculation systems, seed treatment was selected as an efficient way to reintroduce most endophytes into plants.

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Thomashow, Linda, Leonid Chernin, Ilan Chet, David M. Weller e Dmitri Mavrodi. Genetically Engineered Microbial Agents for Biocontrol of Plant Fungal Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696521.bard.

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The objectives of the project were: a) to construct the site-specific integrative expression cassettes carrying: (i) the chiA gene for a 58-kDa endochitinase, (ii) the pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis operon, and (iii) the acdS gene encoding ACC deaminase; b) to employ these constructs to engineer stable recombinant strains with an expanded repertoire of beneficial activities; c) to evaluate the rhizosphere competence and antifungal activity of the WT and modified strains against pathogenic fungi under laboratory and greenhouse conditions; and d) to monitor the persistence and impact of the introduced strains on culturable and nonculturable rhizosphere microbial populations in the greenhouse and the field. The research generally support our concepts that combining strategically selected genes conferring diverse modes of action against plant pathogens into one organism can improve the efficacy of biological control agents. We hypothesized that biocontrol agents (BCAs) engineered to expand their repertoire of beneficial activities will more effectively control soilborne plant pathogens. In this work, we demonstrated that biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens Q8r1-96 and Q2-87, both producing the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) effective against the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani, can be improved significantly by introducing and expressing either the 1.6-kb gene chiA, encoding the 58-kDa endochitinase ChiA from the rhizosphere strain SerratiaplymuthicaIC1270, or the 5.8-kb prnABCDoperon encoding the broad-range antibiotic pyrrolnitrin (Prn) from another rhizosphere strain, P. fluorescens Pf-5. The PₜₐcchiAandPₜₐcprnABCDcassettes were cloned into the integrative pBK-miniTn7-ΩGm plasmid, and inserted into the genomic DNA of the recipient bacteria. Recombinant derivatives of strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 expressing the PₜₐcchiA or PₜₐcprnABCD cassettes produced endochitinase ChiA, or Prn, respectively, in addition to 2,4-DAPG, and the recombinants gave significantly better biocontrol of R. solani on beans under greenhouse conditions. The disease reduction index increased in comparison to the parental strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 to 17.5 and 39.0% from 3.2 and 12.4%, respectively, in the case of derivatives carrying the PₜₐcchiAcassette and to 63.1 and 70% vs. 2.8 and 12,4%, respectively, in the case of derivatives carrying the PₜₐcprnABCDcassette. The genetically modified strains exhibited persistence and non-target effects comparable to those of the parental strains in greenhouse soil. Three integrative cassettes carrying the acdS gene encoding ACC deaminase cloned under the control of different promoters were constructed and tested for enhancement of plant growth promotion by biocontrol strains of P. fluorescens and S. plymuthica. The integrative cassettes constructed in this work are already being used as a simple and efficient tool to improve biocontrol activity of various PGPR bacteria against fungi containing chitin in the cell walls or highly sensitive to Prn. Some parts of the work (e. g., construction of integrative cassettes) was collaborative while other parts e.g., (enzyme and antibiotic activity analyses) were fully synergistic. The US partners isolated and provided to the Israeli collaborators the original biocontrol strains P. fluorescens strains Q8r1-96 and Q2-87 and their mutants deficient in 2,4-DAPG production, which were used to evaluate the relative importance of introduction of Prn, chitinase or ACC deaminase genes for improvement of the biocontrol activity of the parental strains. The recombinant strains obtained at HUJI were supplied to the US collaborators for further analysis.

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Rhizoctonia solani en papa. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.video.2013.152.

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El cultivo de la papa en el país se concentra en los departamentos de Boyacá, Cundinamarca y Nariño. En este clip tecnológico se presentan las recomendaciones para el manejo de la enfermedad Rhizoctonia solani en el cultivo de papa.

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