Bibliografie tematiche / Rhizobiota

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Rhizobiota"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 8 giugno 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Widijanto, Hery, e Suntoro Suntoro. "Pembuatan Demplot Budidaya Tanaman Jagung Dalam Menambah Masa Tanam Di Lahan Kering Dengan Memanfaatkan Pupuk Organik". PRIMA: Journal of Community Empowering and Services 3, n. 1 (30 giugno 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prima.v3i1.36111.

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Program IbM ini bekerjasama dengan dua mitra, yaitu: (1) UKM Peternakan Puyuh “Agribird ”, dan (2) Kelompok Tani “Mekar Tani”. Mitra (1) dan Mitra (2) berlokasi di dukuh Gunung Wijil, Desa Ngringo, Kec. Jaten, Kab. Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah dengan jarak tempuh sekitar ± 3,5 km. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh mitra usaha „Agribird‟ adalah produksi limbah ternak puyuh yang sangat tinggi, yaitu sekitar 300 kg limbah per hari. Produksi limbahnya sangat tinggi per hari, maka kemampuan produksi limbah jauh melibihi dari kemampuan untuk memanfaatkannya. Bila limbah ini dibuang langsung ke badan sungai terdekat, maka akan mencemari air sungai, sedangkan bila limbah akan diubah menjadi pupuk organik, maka diperlukan teknologi pembuatan pupuk organik. Permasalahan Mitra 2 (Mekar Tani) : lahan yang tiap tahunnya ditanami padi selama 2 kali musim tanam. Musim tanam yang ke-3 diberokan (tidak ditanami), termasuk sawah-sawah petani yang ada di sekitarnya.Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan utama yang dihadapi mitra (1) adalah teknologi pembuatan pupuk organik yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik yang sangat bermutu yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik bagi usaha budidaya tanaman jagung pada mitra (2) yang dapat menambah masa tanam.Kegiatan ini merupakan penerapan Biofilmed Fertilizer yang telah diujikan pada penelitian Pengembangan Biofilmed Biofertilizer Beragens Hayati dari Konsorsia Rhizobiota Bawang Merah (RG Strategis Nasional 2015-2016) serta Teknologi Pengelolaan Limbah untuk Pakan dan Pupuk pada Sistem Pertanian Terpadu Berbasis Perikanan, Peternakan Puyuh dan Sayur Organik (RISTEK - Insinas 2014-2015).

Wackett, Lawrence P. "Rhizobia". Environmental Microbiology 6, n. 1 (17 dicembre 2003): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00564.x.

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Fleischman, Darrell, e David Kramer. "Photosynthetic rhizobia". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1364, n. 1 (aprile 1998): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00011-5.

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Malhotra, Pooja, Saumik Basu, Benjamin W. Lee, Liesl Oeller e David W. Crowder. "Effects of Soil Rhizobia Abundance on Interactions between a Vector, Pathogen, and Legume Plant Host". Genes 15, n. 3 (22 febbraio 2024): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15030273.

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Soil rhizobia promote nitrogen fixation in legume hosts, maximizing their tolerance to different biotic stressors, plant biomass, crop growth, and yield. While the presence of soil rhizobia is considered beneficial for plants, few studies have assessed whether variation in rhizobia abundance affects the tolerance of legumes to stressors. To address this, we assessed the effects of variable soil rhizobia inoculum concentrations on interactions between a legume host (Pisum sativum), a vector insect (Acyrthosiphon pisum), and a virus (Pea enation mosaic virus, PEMV). We showed that increased rhizobia abundance reduces the inhibitory effects of PEMV on the nodule formation and root growth in 2-week-old plants. However, these trends were reversed in 4-week-old plants. Rhizobia abundance did not affect shoot growth or virus prevalence in 2- or 4-week-old plants. Our results show that rhizobia abundance may indirectly affect legume tolerance to a virus, but effects varied based on plant age. To assess the mechanisms that mediated interactions between rhizobia, plants, aphids, and PEMV, we measured the relative expression of gene transcripts related to plant defense signaling. Rhizobia concentrations did not strongly affect the expression of defense genes associated with phytohormone signaling. Our study shows that an abundance of soil rhizobia may impact a plant’s ability to tolerate stressors such as vector-borne pathogens, as well as aid in developing sustainable pest and pathogen management systems for legume crops. More broadly, understanding how variable rhizobia concentrations can optimize legume-rhizobia symbiosis may enhance the productivity of legume crops.

Rojas-Sánchez, Blanca, Hugo Castelán-Sánchez, Esmeralda Y. Garfias-Zamora e Gustavo Santoyo. "Diversity of the Maize Root Endosphere and Rhizosphere Microbiomes Modulated by the Inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270 in a Milpa System". Plants 13, n. 7 (26 marzo 2024): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13070954.

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Milpa is an agroecological production system based on the polyculture of plant species, with corn featuring as a central component. Traditionally, the milpa system does not require the application of chemicals, and so pest attacks and poor growth in poor soils can have adverse effects on its production. Therefore, the application of bioinoculants could be a strategy for improving crop growth and health; however, the effect of external inoculant agents on the endemic microbiota associated with corn has not been extensively studied. Here, the objective of this work was to fertilize a maize crop under a milpa agrosystem with the PGPR Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270, evaluating its impact on the diversity of the rhizosphere (rhizobiome) and root endophytic (root endobiome) microbiomes of maize plants. The endobiome of maize roots was evaluated by 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequencing, and the rhizobiome was assessed by metagenomic sequencing upon inoculation with the strain UM270. The results showed that UM270 inoculation of the rhizosphere of P. fluorescens UM270 did not increase alpha diversity in either the monoculture or milpa, but it did alter the endophytic microbiome of maize plant roots by stimulating the presence of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the genera Burkholderia and Pseudomonas (in a monoculture), whereas, in the milpa system, the PGPR stimulated greater endophytic diversity and the presence of genera such as Burkholderia, Variovorax, and N-fixing rhizobia genera, including Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, and Bradyrhizobium. No clear association was found between fungal diversity and the presence of strain UM270, but beneficial fungi, such as Rizophagus irregularis and Exophiala pisciphila, were detected in the Milpa system. In addition, network analysis revealed unique interactions with species such as Stenotrophomonas sp., Burkholderia xenovorans, and Sphingobium yanoikuyae, which could potentially play beneficial roles in the plant. Finally, the UM270 strain does not seem to have a strong impact on the microbial diversity of the rhizosphere, but it does have a strong impact on some functions, such as trehalose synthesis, ammonium assimilation, and polyamine metabolism. The inoculation of UM270 biofertilizer in maize plants modifies the rhizo- and endophytic microbiomes with a high potential for stimulating plant growth and health in agroecological crop models.

Jiao, Yin Shan, Yuan Hui Liu, Hui Yan, En Tao Wang, Chang Fu Tian, Wen Xin Chen, Bao Lin Guo e Wen Feng Chen. "Rhizobial Diversity and Nodulation Characteristics of the Extremely Promiscuous Legume Sophora flavescens". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 28, n. 12 (dicembre 2015): 1338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-06-15-0141-r.

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In present study, we report our extensive survey on the diversity and biogeography of rhizobia associated with Sophora flavescens, a sophocarpidine (matrine)-containing medicinal legume. We additionally investigated the cross nodulation, infection pattern, light and electron microscopies of root nodule sections of S. flavescens infected by various rhizobia. Seventeen genospecies of rhizobia belonging to five genera with seven types of symbiotic nodC genes were found to nodulate S. flavescens in natural soils. In the cross-nodulation tests, most representative rhizobia in class α-Proteobacteria, whose host plants belong to different cross-nodulation groups, form effective indeterminate nodules, while representative rhizobia in class β-Proteobacteria form ineffective nodules on S. flavescens. Highly host-specific biovars of Rhizobium leguminosarum (bv. trifolii and bv. viciae) and Rhizobium etli bv. phaseoli could establish symbioses with S. flavescens, providing further evidence that S. flavescens is an extremely promiscuous legume and it does not have strict selectivity on either the symbiotic genes or the species-determining housekeeping genes of rhizobia. Root-hair infection is found as the pattern that rhizobia have gained entry into the curled root hairs. Electron microscopies of ultra-thin sections of S. flavescens root nodules formed by different rhizobia show that the bacteroids are regular or irregular rod shape and nonswollen types. Some bacteroids contain poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), while others do not, indicating the synthesis of PHB in bacteroids is rhizobia-dependent. The extremely promiscuous symbiosis between S. flavescens and different rhizobia provide us a basis for future studies aimed at understanding the molecular interactions of rhizobia and legumes.

Fagorzi, Camilla, Alice Checcucci, George diCenzo, Klaudia Debiec-Andrzejewska, Lukasz Dziewit, Francesco Pini e Alessio Mengoni. "Harnessing Rhizobia to Improve Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation by Legumes". Genes 9, n. 11 (8 novembre 2018): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9110542.

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Rhizobia are bacteria that can form symbiotic associations with plants of the Fabaceae family, during which they reduce atmospheric di-nitrogen to ammonia. The symbiosis between rhizobia and leguminous plants is a fundamental contributor to nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Rhizobial microsymbionts are a major reason why legumes can colonize marginal lands and nitrogen-deficient soils. Several leguminous species have been found in metal-contaminated areas, and they often harbor metal-tolerant rhizobia. In recent years, there have been numerous efforts and discoveries related to the genetic determinants of metal resistance by rhizobia, and on the effectiveness of such rhizobia to increase the metal tolerance of host plants. Here, we review the main findings on the metal resistance of rhizobia: the physiological role, evolution, and genetic determinants, and the potential to use native and genetically-manipulated rhizobia as inoculants for legumes in phytoremediation practices.

Bernal, Gustavo, e Peter H. Graham. "Diversity in the rhizobia associated withPhaseolus vulgarisL. in Ecuador, and comparisons with Mexican bean rhizobia". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, n. 6 (1 giugno 2001): 526–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w01-037.

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Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have centers of origin in both Mesoamerica and Andean South America, and have been domesticated in each region for perhaps 5000 years. A third major gene pool may exist in Ecuador and Northern Peru. The diversity of the rhizobia associated with beans has also been studied, but to date with an emphasis on the Mesoamerican center of origin. In this study we compared bean rhizobia from Mexico and Andean South America using both phenotypic and phylogenetic approaches. When differences between the rhizobia of these two regions were shown, we then examined the influence of bean cultivar on the most probable number (MPN) count and biodiversity of rhizobia recovered from different soils. Three clusters of bean rhizobia were distinguished using phenotypic analysis and principal-component analysis of Box A1R-PCR banding patterns. They corresponded principally to isolates from Mexico, and the northern and southern Andean regions, with isolates from southern Ecuador exhibiting significant genetic diversity. Rhizobia from Dalea spp., which are infective and effective on beans, may have contributed to the apparent diversity of rhizobia recovered from the Mesoamerican region, while the rhizobia of wild Phaseolus aborigineus from Argentina showed only limited similarity to the other bean rhizobia tested. Use of P. vulgaris cultivars from the Mesoamerican and Andean Phaseolus gene pools as trap hosts did not significantly affect MPN counts of bean rhizobia from the soils of each region, but did influence the diversity of the rhizobia recovered. Such differences in compatibility of host and Rhizobium could be a factor in the poor reputation for nodulation and N2fixation in this crop.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium diversity, Dalea spp., soil populations, specificity, centers of origin.

MAPFUMO, P., S. MPEPEREKI e P. MAFONGOYA. "PIGEONPEA RHIZOBIA PREVALENCE AND CROP RESPONSE TO INOCULATION IN ZIMBABWEAN SMALLHOLDER-MANAGED SOILS". Experimental Agriculture 36, n. 4 (ottobre 2000): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700001009.

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A study was conducted to determine the population sizes of indigenous pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)-nodulating rhizobia and responses of the crop to rhizobial inoculation in soils under smallholder management. Rhizobia populations were determined in 21 soils from three different agro-ecological regions of Zimbabwe using the plant infection most-probable-number technique. Pigeonpea response to rhizobial inoculation was tested in five soils representative of low, medium and high rhizobia populations. Pigeonpea rhizobia ranged from undetectable to 121 cells per g soil compared with 16 to 159 cells per g soil for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) which was used for reference. Soils with high cowpea rhizobia counts had relatively low counts of pigeonpea rhizobia and vice versa, showing that the two legumes associate with different subgroups of rhizobia. Poor soil organic matter, low soil moisture at sampling, low pH and low clay content of the soils had a significant negative effect on rhizobial counts. Organic matter appeared critical for maintenance of high populations of indigenous rhizobia in the mostly sandy soils sampled. Lack of pigeonpea response to inoculation in all the soils tested despite the low initial rhizobial populations could be the result of within-season proliferation of indigenous populations which are competitive and effective. There was evidence of rapid build-up of pigeonpea-compatible rhizobia within one growing season when the crop was first introduced. It was concluded that effective pigeonpea rhizobia occur in many arable soils of Zimbabwe. However, to fully exploit biological nitrogen fixation and maximize yields of pigeonpea, highly efficient, adapted and competitive indigenous rhizobial isolates must be identified and evaluated.

Abramova, A. V., e A. G. Topaj. "Case Study of Plant-Microbial Symbiosis Model Using Evolutionary Game Theory". Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 13, n. 1 (8 maggio 2018): 130–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2018.13.130.

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Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) have symbiotic relationships with legumes: they inhabit legume root nodules and convert atmospheric nitrogen to a plant available form in exchange for photosynthates. Generally, this symbiotic process called biological nitrogen fixation is mutually beneficial to both plants and bacteria. Using this mechanism symbionts acquire alternative sources of hard-to-reach individual growth resources (carbon for rhizobia and nitrogen for plants). However, not all rhizobia provide fixed nitrogen to the host plant honestly: some of them can behave as a kind of cheaters. Unlimited cheating rhizobia strains propagation may potentially disrupt the symbiotic relationships. This raises the question of plant–rhizobia mutualism evolutionary stability. This paper presents the results of the legume–rhizobia interactions investigation implemented as AnyLogic agent-based models. Three modifications of interaction model ("one plant – one strain of rhizobia", "one plant – several strains of rhizobia", "one plant with root nitrogen uptake – several strains of rhizobia") in the form of evolutionary games in two populations (rhizobia and plants) are considered by the authors. Simulated natural selection is driven by populations heterogeneity: each agent has its own cooperation parameter which determines its strategy in evolutionary game. In the set of numerical experiments the following results were obtained. Simulated populations tend to become homogeneous with cooperation parameter value close to the theoretically optimal. Such degenerated structure of populations is evolutionarily stable and maximizes the total growth of the entire symbiotic system. Thus, the logic of symbionts co-development simulation itself prevents the emergence of parasitic strategies and automatically provides rational and mutually beneficial partnership sustainability. This remains true in the early stages of ontogenesis or under the assumption that life cycle duration is unlimited.

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Tesi sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Fracchia, Félix. "Les phytohormones, des régulateurs clefs du microbiote du peuplier ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0217.

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Les écosystèmes forestiers sont des environnements dynamiques aussi bien à l'échelle macroscopique que microscopique. Les arbres abritent un vaste cortège de microorganismes, appelé microbiote, majoritairement constitué de bactéries et de champignons. Ces communautés microbiennes colonisent les différents tissus des arbres et participent à diverses interactions, aussi bien défavorables (e.g. pathogènes), que bénéfiques. En effet, certains microorganismes (e.g. Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria : PGPR ; champignons mycorhiziens), améliorent la croissance et le développement de leur hôte via le transfert de nutriments, principalement de l'azote (N) et du phosphore (P) en échange de sucres photo-assimilés. D'autre part, il confère une résistance à l'arbre face aux stress biotiques (e.g. attaque par des pathogène, herbivorie) et abiotiques (e.g. sécheresse, toxicité des sols). L'assemblage de ce microbiote est un processus dynamique dans le temps et dans l'espace. Chaque organe de l'hôte constitue un micro-habitat particulier où s'établissent des communautés microbiennes spécifiques, aussi bien à la surface (épiphytique) qu'à l'intérieur des différents compartiments (endophytique). D'autre part, l'établissement du microbiote conduit à une succession de microorganismes qui remplacent les communautés déjà présentes au cours du temps. Il existe différents paramètres, biotiques (e.g. rhizodéposition, immunité et génotype de l'hôte) et abiotiques (e.g. type de sol, climat, saisons), qui régulent l'assemblage des communautés microbiennes. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette thèse est de caractériser l'influence des phytohormones dans l'assemblage du microbiote du peuplier. Nous avons déterminé dans un premier temps, la dynamique de colonisation microbienne du système racinaire de plantules de peupliers de 2 à 50 jours. En utilisant deux méthodes complémentaires, le séquençage de marqueurs taxonomiques bactériens (16S) et fongiques (ITS, 18S), et l'observation des systèmes racinaires au microscope confocal à balyage laser (CLSM), nous avons mis en évidence l'existence de vagues successives de colonisation conduisant au remplacement progressif de microorganismes. A l'aide des mêmes approches, nous avons caractérisé la dynamique de colonisation du microbiote foliaire. Comme les systèmes racinaires, l'assemblage des communautés microbiennes était dynamique dans le temps. Les microorganismes racinaires et aériens étaient très proches aux temps précoces de colonisation et se différenciaient au cours du temps. Cette observation suggère le transfert de microorganismes depuis les racines vers les feuilles conduisant à la sélection de communautés microbiennes spécifiques en fonction des compartiments de l'hôte. Pour analyser le rôle des phytohormones, sur l'assemblage des communautés microbiennes, nous avons généré des lignées transgéniques de peupliers altérées dans la biosynthèse et la perception de l'acide gibbérellique (AG), l'acide jasmonique (AJ), l'acide salicylique (AS), l'éthylène (ET) et des terpènes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons utilisé des lignées transgéniques de peuplier altérées dans la régulation de l'ET. Nous avons démontré que l'ET n'altère pas la composition des exsudats racinaires, au contraire des métabolomes aériens et racinaires qui étaient modulés en fonction de la concentration d'ET produit. D'autre part, nous avons observé une influence directe et globale de l'ET sur la structure du microbiote après séquençage de marqueurs taxonomiques bactériens (ITS) et fongiques (16S), et l'observation des systèmes racinaires au CLSM. Enfin, afin d'exclure tout cofacteur pouvant expliquer les variations du microbiote chez des lignées transgéniques, nous avons caractérisé l'influence de l'agro-transformation sans expression de transgène sur la composition des communautés microbiennes. Nous avons démontré que cet évènement de transformation altérait l'assemblage du microbiote en comparaison avec des peupliers sauvages
Forest ecosystems are dynamic environments on both the macroscopic and microscopic scales. Trees are home to a vast array of microorganisms, called microbiota, mainly composed of bacteria and fungi. These microbial communities colonize the different tissues of trees and participate in various interactions, both detrimental (e.g. pathogens) and beneficial. Indeed, some microorganisms (e.g. Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria: PGPR; mycorrhizal fungi), improve the growth and development of their host via the transfer of nutrients, mainly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in exchange of photoassimilated sugars. On the other hand, it confers resistance to the tree in the face of biotic stresses (e.g. attack by pathogens, herbivory) and abiotic stresses (e.g. drought, soil toxicity). The assembly of this microbiota is a dynamic process in time and space. Each organ of the host constitutes a particular micro-habitat where specific microbial communities are established, both on the surface (epiphytic) and within the different compartments (endophytic). On the other hand, the establishment of the microbiota leads to a succession of microorganisms that replace the communities already present over time. There are different parameters, biotic (e.g. rhizodeposition, immunity and host genotype) and abiotic (e.g. soil type, climate, seasons), that regulate the assembly of microbial communities. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to characterize the influence of phytohormones in the assembly of poplar microbiota. We first determined the dynamics of microbial colonization of the root system of poplar seedlings from 2 to 50 days. Using two complementary methods, sequencing of bacterial (16S) and fungal (ITS, 18S) taxonomic markers, and observation of the root systems with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), we demonstrated the existence of successive waves of colonization leading to the progressive replacement of microorganisms. Using the same approaches, we characterized the colonization dynamics of the leaf microbiota. Like root systems, the assembly of microbial communities was dynamic over time. Root and aerial microorganisms were very close at early colonization times and differentiated over time. This observation suggests the transfer of microorganisms from roots to leaves leading to the selection of specific microbial communities according to host compartments. To analyze the role of phytohormones on the assembly of microbial communities, we generated transgenic lines of poplars altered in the biosynthesis and perception of gibberellic acid (GA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET) and terpenes. First, we used poplar transgenic lines altered in the regulation of ET. We demonstrated that ET does not alter the composition of root exudates, in contrast to aerial and root metabolomes that were modulated according to the concentration of ET produced. On the other hand, we observed a direct and global influence of ET on the structure of the microbiota after sequencing of bacterial (ITS) and fungal (16S) taxonomic markers, and observation of root systems at CLSM. Finally, in order to exclude any cofactor that could explain microbiota variations in transgenic lines, we characterized the influence of agro-transformation without transgene expression on microbial community composition. We demonstrated that this transformation event altered the assembly of the microbiota in comparison with wild type poplars

Bourdes, Pierre-Alexandre. "Aminotransferases in rhizobia-legume symbiosis". Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506071.

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Sinyanya, Kolisa Yola. "Phenotypic characterization of rhizobia isolates and distribution of Burkholderia rhizobia in the Core Cape Subregion". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20335.

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The Core Cape Sub-region is well known for its low nutrient, low pH soils which harbour a variety of alpha and beta- Proteobacteria associated with a diversity of legume species. Soil bacteria are important for ecological processes and are influenced mostly by edaphic factors such as salinity and pH, and climatic conditions such as temperature. Recent studies have shown that Burkholderia form nitrogen fixing molecular associations with members of, among others, tribes Crotalarieae, Podalyrieae and Indigofereae. Selected rhizobia that included Burkholderia and Mesorhizobia, the large genera in the isolated rhizobia, and representing beta- and alpha- Proteobacteria were phenotypically characterized to determine the tolerances of Cape isolates to abiotic conditions. In a second study, glasshouse trapping experiments were conducted using legume species Podalyria calyptrata and Indigofera filifolia grown in 13 soils collected from diverse localities of the CCR, to determine the phylogenetic distribution of Burkholderia species in diverse soils of the CCR. To phenotypically characterize rhizobia isolated from a previous study, 29 isolates from representative legume-nodules of 13 different localities were grown under laboratory conditions. Isolates were phenotypically characterized for colony morphology, growth temperature, carbon source, salinity and pH tolerance. Morphological results revealed that majority of the tested isolates were white opaque, rod shaped and fast growing. Exceptions were found in colour where five strains produced a milky pigment, two were watery translucent; observation of bacteriod-shape among six symbionts; and one isolate grew after 7 days.

Alexandre, Ana Isabel Pereira. "Temperature stress tolerance in chickpea rhizobia". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11582.

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The aims of the present thesis were to study the chickpea rhizobia diversity and biogeography using Portugal as case study; to evaluate the temperature stress tolerance of the isolates, and to investigate the molecular basis of stress tolerance. The phylogenetic performance of the co-chaperone dnaJ was also addressed, in order to find an altemative marker to 16S rRNA gene. According to the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, most isolates were found to be distinct from the typical chickpea rhizobia species, Mesorhizobium cíceri and M. mediterraneum. Some provinces of origin are associated with particular species groups. dnaJ was found to be a Useful phylogenetic marker for Mesorhizobium and for the Alphaproteobactería class. The evaluation of temperature stress tolerance revealed tolerant and sensitive isolates to both heat and cold. Analysis of the expression of dnaK and groESL chaperone genes suggested that higher induction of these genes is related to higher tolerance to heat. ### - Resumo - A presente tese teve como objectivos o estudo da diversidade e biogeografia de rizóbio de grão-de-bico em Portugal, a avaliação da tolerância dos rizóbios ao stress térmico, bem como o estudo das bases moleculares da tolerância ao stress. Estudou-se, ainda, o gene da co-chaperone dnaJ do ponto de vista filogenético. A filogenia baseada no gene 16S rRNA revelou que a maior parte dos rizóbios de grão-de-bico agrupam com outras espécies, que não as típicas desta leguminosa (Mesorhizobium cicerí e M. mediterraneum). Encontrou-se uma associação entre algumas províncias e determinadas espécies de rizóbio. O gene dnaJ revelou-se um bom marcador filogenético para Mesorhizobium, bem como para a classe Alphaproteobactería. A avaliação da tolerância à temperatura permitiu diferenciar isolados tolerantes e sensíveis, a altas e baixas temperaturas. A análise da expressão dos genes dnaK e groESL, sugeriu que uma maior indução destes genes está relacionada com maior tolerância a altas temperaturas.

Beauregard, Marie-Soleil. "Characterization of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambigum M.B". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81246.

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Phenotypic characterizations demonstrated that diversity among 19 naturalized North American and 5 commercial Kura clover ( Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) rhizobial strains was limited. Growth chamber and field evaluations indicated the superiority of North American isolates, increasing foliage accumulation by 30% when compared to commercial inoculant strains. Nitrogen fertilization, however, produced greater accumulations in all evaluations. Genetic diversity among 128 isolates from the lower Caucasus was significant. Nodulation specificity of rhizobia from the lower Caucasus was demonstrated to be more complex than what was reported in the literature, as plants of different ploidy levels and even of different species were, in some cases, nodulated by the same isolate. Specificity of a given rhizobial strain varied depending on the isolate. This study identified naturalized North American rhizobial isolates that are more efficient than currently used commercial strains and increased the genetic diversity of Kura clover rhizobia currently available.

Casteriano, Andrea Veronica. "Physiological mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in Rhizobia". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10423.

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One of the main factors affecting the survival of rhizobia on seed is desiccation stress. The poor survival of rhizobia affects nodulation, nitrogen fixation and legume yield. A better understanding of desiccation tolerance and how it may be enhanced may contribute to the development of strategies to improve survival of rhizobia on seed. This study aimed to improve the survival of rhizobia by enhancing inherent mechanisms of desiccation tolerance through the manipulation of the growth medium. Accumulation of intracellular trehalose by rhizobia increases in response to osmotic and desiccation stress, and has also been related to an improved capacity for desiccation tolerance. In this study, a linear relationship was observed between intracellular trehalose accumulation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii (TA1) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (CB1809) and increasing osmotic pressure of a defined growth medium (JMM) from 1.0 atm to 2.8 atm. Although increased concentrations of intracellular trehalose did not improve survival of rhizobia immediately after vacuum drying, survival was significantly improved after 10 days of storage at low relative humidity (9%). Resuspending rhizobia in trehalose solution, to provide external protection to cells during drying, significantly increased survival immediately after drying and storage. The increased protection during drying allowed the positive effect of intracellular trehalose on rhizobial survival to be observed. Cells of TA1 and CB1809 extracted from peat after solid-state fermentation survived significantly better immediately after vacuum drying (22-fold and 5-fold respectively) and during storage than cells grown in JMM (1.0 atm). However, it was difficult to extract adequate V cell mass to measure intracellular trehalose and consequently cells were grown in water extracts of peat to simulate the conditions that rhizobia would be exposed to in traditional peat cultures. Growing TA1 and CB1809 in aqueous peat extract increased trehalose accumulation compared to cells grown in JMM and also significantly improved survival (18-fold) of TA1. Although survival of CB1809 was generally improved after growth in peat extract, it was not significantly different to cells grown in JMM. Cells grown in peat extract exhibited changes in cell morphology and protein expression similar to those observed after solid-state fermentation in peat. Electron microscopy revealed the accumulation of an electron-dense material around the plasma membrane that occupied the periplasmic space in both TA1 and CB1809. Similar changes to cell morphology have been previously linked to improved survival. Peptide analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated increased expression of stress response proteins in TA1 and CB1809 after growth in peat extract. Some of those proteins included membrane repair proteins (PspA) and proteins generated to combat periplasmic stress (OstA) and oxidative damage (thioredoxin). A cell viability assay using alamarBlue® reagent showed that growing rhizobia in peat extract reduces metabolic activity compared to that of cells grown in JMM, and membrane integrity analysis of the same cells using a LIVE/DEAD® viability kit showed that peat extract increased membrane permeability to propidium iodide (PI). Environmental stresses have been reported to cause reversible changes to membrane function and permeability, demonstrated by changes in PI-uptake. This finding, together with the changes in cell morphology and increased expression of stress response proteins, suggests that improved survival after growth of rhizobia in peat extract is related to adaptive changes of cells in response to water-extractable constituents of peat. VI Findings from this work suggest that desiccation tolerance in rhizobia is a multifactorial process that involves the accumulation of trehalose together with the expression of proteins involved in maintaining cell envelope integrity and stability, as well as the repair and prevention of DNA and protein damage caused by oxidative stress. Determining chemical elicitors of adaptive changes in cells may assist in further development of inoculant technology to improve survival of rhizobia on seed.

Harrison, Robert. "Domesticating Lebeckia ambigua: Solving the rhizobia issues". Thesis, Harrison, Robert (2017) Domesticating Lebeckia ambigua: Solving the rhizobia issues. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/39770/.

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Permanent dryland pastures are under-utilised in southern Australia (Angus and Peoples 2012), possibly due to the lack of well adapted perennial legume species that can fit into current farming systems. Lebeckia ambigua has been proposed as a candidate to fill this void with its adaptability to drought, acidic and infertile soils in low rainfall areas (Howieson et al. 2013). The research on L. ambigua has so far focussed on deep, sandy soils where cropping is problematic. Increasing the soil fertility in these previously low-profitable regions could provide mixed farming production with a comparative advantage over continuous cropping (Angus and Peoples 2012). However, the successful incorporation of L. ambigua into an agricultural system will require an understanding of its symbiont, Burkholderia species. Although L. ambigua and Burkholderia spp. have only recently been identified for domestication into agriculture (Howieson et al. 2013), researchers have had success with cultivating them throughout southern Western Australia (WA), except with inoculation. There is a challenge to keep the inoculant B. spp. alive, in a peat carrier, when coated onto L. ambigua seed for sowing in a drying environment. Clay granules, as an alternative carrier, have previously been shown to be unable to carry high numbers of cells of B. spp. (Howieson et al. 2013). Field experiments with amended clay granules carrying B. spp. produced nodules on L. ambigua, albeit not in large number. Attempts at quantifying the numbers of cells in the amended granules, by resuscitating B. spp. from them using antibiotic media and plant infection techniques, were unsuccessful. However, antibiotic profiling of B. spp. strains identified chloramphenicol (20μg/ml) in YMA as an excellent media to suppress contaminants in the clay to facilitate enumeration. Recently recovered strains of B. spp. were assessed alongside previous strains for tolerance to desiccation, which gave rise to a set of possible strains that could surpass the commonly used strain in this regard (WSM4204). Although clay granules were indicated to hold B. spp. cells sufficient for nodulation in the field, further studies must focus on the optimisation of a suitable inoculant technology for L. ambigua. The B. spp. and strain differences in tolerance to desiccation identified in this work may assist this target.

Cepeda, Hernandez Martha Lucia. "Phenotypic characterization of rhizobia that nodulate ball clover". Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2636.

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A total of 43 Rhizobium leguminosarium bv. trifolii isolates were obtained from soil samples of two ball clover (Trifolium nigrescens) pastures from Iola and Kilgore (Texas) using ball clover as capture plants. The isolates were phenotypically characterized by intrinsic antibiotic resistance (IAR) against a range of concentrations of eight antibiotics, and by the utilization of 95 different carbon sources (BIOLOG system). The rhizobial isolates were also evaluated for their tolerance to salinity, high temperatures and low pH. The isolates showed two different ranges of growth rates: fast-growing (doubling times between 1.4 - 3.7 h) and slow- growing isolates (12.3 - 21.3 h). The numerical analysis of the phenotypic characteristics showed that the 43 isolates could be grouped in 24 different strains. Cluster analysis based on sensitivity responses of IAR, metabolic profiles of BIOLOG and salt, temperature and acidity tolerance levels could distinguish the Rhizobium strains from a Pseudomonas isolate. The analysis also showed that the rhizobial strains isolated from ball clover nodules are different from a commercial R. leguminosarium bv. trifolii strain used as inoculant for this legume.

Solaiman, Abu Rayhan Mohammad. "Influence of soil acidity factors on Lotus rhizobia". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356972.

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Octive, Jerome C. "Mutagenic effects of aluminium on rhizobia and bradrhizobia". Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278065.

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Libri sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. Handbook for Rhizobia. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8.

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Kumar, Vivek, Ram Prasad e Manoj Kumar, a cura di. Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0602-1.

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Wang, En Tao, Chang Fu Tian, Wen Feng Chen, J. Peter W. Young e Wen Xin Chen. Ecology and Evolution of Rhizobia. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9555-1.

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Somasegaran, P. Handbook for Rhizobia: Methods in legume-rhizobium technology. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Johnson, Dallas William. Determination of the presence of rhizobia residing in Sudbury barren soil capable of effectively nodulating Trifolium hybridum and Lotus corniculatus. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Biology, 1994.

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Egamberdieva, Dilfuza, R. Z. Sayyed, Nowsheen Shameem e Javid A. Parray. Rhizobiome: Ecology, Management and Application. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2024.

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Kumar, Vivek, Manoj Kumar e Ram Prasad. Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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Kumar, Vivek, Manoj Kumar e Ram Prasad. Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste. Springer, 2022.

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Pongsilp, Neelawan, a cura di. Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of Rhizobia. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97816080546191120101.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. Handbook for Rhizobia (Springer Lab Manuals). Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K, 1994.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Clark, Francis E. "Rhizobia". In Agronomy Monographs, 1487–92. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c53.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Collecting Nodules and Isolating Rhizobia". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 7–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_1.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Agglutinating Antigens from Root Nodules". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 102–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_10.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Performing Rhizobial Antigen-Antibody Reactions by Gel Immunodiffusion". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 107–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_11.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Determining Strain Occupancy in Soybean Nodules by Gel Immunodiffusion". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 112–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_12.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Producing and Applying Fluorescent Antibodies". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 120–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_13.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Identifying Rhizobia by the Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 131–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_14.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Identifying Rhizobia by Immunoblot". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 140–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_15.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Isolating Spontaneous Antibiotic-Resistant Mutants of Rhizobia". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 149–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_16.

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Somasegaran, Padma, e Heinz J. Hoben. "Analyzing Nodule Occupancy Using Antibiotic-Resistant Markers". In Handbook for Rhizobia, 153–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8375-8_17.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Belimov, A. A., A. I. Shaposhnikov, D. S. Syrova, P. V. Guro, O. S. Yuzikhin, T. S. Azarova, A. L. Sazanova, G. V. Gladkov, E. A. Sekste e V. I. Safronova. "Response of plants and nitrogen-fixing symbiosis to the toxicity of cadmium and mercury using the pea mutant SGECdt". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.039.

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The combined effect of Hg and Cd on the growth, elemental composition, root exudation and interactions with rhizobia of pea SGE and its mutant SGECdt was studied in hydroponics and sand. The tolerance mechanisms of legume-rhizobia symbiosis to heavy metals are discussed.

Khakimova, L. R., L. R. Sadykova, D. K. Blagova, Z. R. Vershinina e A. Kh Baymiev. "Obtaining of recombinant heavy metal resistant rhizobia strains". In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/09.09.2019.144.

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Rudaya, E. S., e E. A. Dolgikh. "Production and analysis of tomato Solanum lycopersicum composite plants carrying the genes of pea Pisum sativum receptors to rhizobial signaling molecules". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.208.

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Almpanis, Apostolos, Christophe Corre e Adam Noel. "Agent Based Modeling of the Rhizobiome with Molecular Communication and Game Theory". In NANOCOM '19: The Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3345312.3345476.

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Tsyganova, A. V., E. V. Seliverstova, N. J. Brewin e V. E. Tsyganov. "The formation of symbiotic interface in root nodules of Pisum sativum L. and Medicago truncatula Gaertn". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.258.

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The infection of root cells of legumes with rhizobia involves the gradual remodelling of the plant-microbial interface. General and species-specific features of symbiotic interface remodelling during nodule development were demonstrated.

Kulaeva, O. A., E. A. Zorin, D. A. Romanyuk, M. L. Gordon, E. S. Gribchenko, O. Y. Shtark, A. M. Afonin, I. A. Tikhonovich e V. A. Zhukov. "Characterization of pea (Pisum sativum L.) microRNAs". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.138.

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Pea microRNAs and their targets were identified, and their differential expression was analyzed during the development of symbiosis with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi, and under conditions of abiotic stress caused by cadmium.

Baymiev, Al Kh, Z. R. Vershinina, O. V. Chubukova, R. T. Matniyazov e An Kh Baymiev. "Artificial symbioses of plants and microorganisms". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.037.

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The report discusses the problems of creating artificial associations of cultivated plants and rhizobia using plant and bacterial adhesins, as well as systems of controlled synthesis of growth-promoting substances by rhizospheric microorganisms.

Yakimenko, M. V., S. A. Begun e A. I. Sorokina. "Species diversity of natural rhizobia populations of the Russian Far East". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.279.

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The specificity of the soils of the Far East is the presence of aboriginal soybean nodule bacteria in them. A detailed study of the morphological and cultural, physiological and economically useful properties of these microorganisms made it possible to identify the most valuable strains of B. japonicum, S. fredii, B. elkanii from the Far Eastern natural populations for their preservation in the collection.

Klimenko, O. P., O. A. Kulaeva, O. Y. Shtark, A. I. Zhernakov, I. A. Tikhonovich e V. A. Zhukov. "Genetic characterization of pea (Pisum sativum L.) mutants P59 and P60, defective in nitrogen fixation". In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.122.

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Several genes involved in development of symbiosis between pea and rhizobia haven’t yet been characterized in detail. Here, the first results of genetic analysis of pea mutants in the symbiotic genes Sym23 and Sym24 are presented.

Prisacari, Svetlana, Vasile Todiraş e Serghei Corcimaru. "The influence of nanomagnetite on the processes of growth, development, and formation of the legume-rhizobia complex in vetch plants under soil conditions of plastics pollution". In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.27.

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The Republic of Moldova suffers from the problem of environmental pollution by plastics, including by the low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The accumulation of plastics by plants has negative consequences for the food security and sustainable development of the agriculture. It is suggested that over time soil pollution by plastics can threaten the successful functioning of the entire agricultural system. The negative consequences of soil pollution by plastics impose the need of developing measures of remediation. Due to the lack of efficient chemical and physical methods for destroying plastics in soil, the attention has recently been directed toward developing biological degradation techniques, including the ones based on application of phytoremediation and nanophytoremediation. However, the potential of these techniques in the cases of soil pollution by LDPE is understudied. The aim of this work was to explore the possibility of using nanomagnetite and vetch plants bacterized by the Rhizobium leguminosarum K2 strain for remediation of soils contaminated by LDPE. The introduction into soil of a finely chopped LDPE (5 g/kg) and nanomagnetite (25 mg/kg of soil) resulted in increases in the total length of plants (roots included), plant height, and the accumulation of dry biomass of 10.6%, 15.4%, and 28.8% respectively. The number of root nodules was higher by 2.2 times. Positive effects were also observed in the two variants where LDPE was introduced without nanomagnetite and the vetch seeds were either inoculated or not inoculated by rhizobia. Comparing to the control, the root length, plant height, and dry mass had 8.2%, 11.7%, and 26, 8% increases respectively. The number of root nodules in these variants was 2.4–2.8 times higher than in the control. Even though not all effects were significant statistically, the general picture showed that the introduction of LDPE into soil had no inhibitory effects on plant productivity and formation of the legumerhizobia complex, and even stimulated them, especially in the cases of seed inoculation by rhizobia and nanomagnetite treatment. The observed formation of healthy legume-rhizobia complexes in the variants where the plant seeds were inoculated by Rhizobium leguminosarum K2 is of a significant importance for plant productivity, as well as for soil fertility. Rhizobia within this symbiosis provide the plants with the nitrogen fixed from the atmosphere, and, in turn, obtain from them the needed organic substrates. It is known that due to the symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the soil annually can receive up to 90-180 kg/ha of nitrogen. The observed stimulation of dry mass accumulation was important too. The fact that the plants and the symbiosis with rhizobia could be stimulated in the presence of LDPE contamination demonstrated the possibility of using the vetch plants as an efficient phytoremediator in cases of soil pollution by plastic waste.

Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Rhizobiota":

Mendoza, Jonathan Alberto, Carolina Mazo, Lina Margarita Conn, Álvaro Rincón Castillo, Daniel Rojas Tapias e Ruth Bonilla Buitrago. Evaluation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria associated to pastures of Bracharia from acid soils. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.informe.2015.5.

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Rhizobia have been widely known by their capacity to form a symbiotic relationship with legumes and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Recently, however, rhizobia have shown to associate with plants in different botanical families. In this study, we aimed at elucidating the diversity of rhizobia associated to grasses, and determine their capabilities to solubilize phosphate in both lab and greenhouse experiments. Isolation of rhizobia was performed using rhizosphere from Brachiaria brizantha and B. decumbens and a promiscuous legume trap plant (i.e. Vigna unguiculata). Thirty days after inoculation of the trap plant, rhizobia were isolated from nodules using the conventional protocol, classified in basis on their phenotypic features, and molecularly grouped using Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). Finally, phosphate solubilization assays and greenhouse experiments were carried out on representatives of each ARDRA cluster. The results showed that the diversity of rhizobia varied between both plant species, which suggests that plant exudates significantly determine the composition of the plant microbiome. Surprisingly, most of the isolated associated to B. brizantha rhizosphere exhibited typical attributes of slow-growing rhizobia, whereas rhizobia from B. decumbens displayed a mixed diversity including slow-, intermediate-, and fast-growing rhizobia. Sequencing of 16S rRNA of ARDRA representatives showed that most of the rhizobia isolated from B. brizantha belonged to the Mesorhizobium and Bradyrhizobium genera, while those isolated from B. decumbens were phylogenetically clustered into Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium. The capability of the isolates to solubilize phosphate was studied using iron and calcium phosphate. We observed that overall Bradyrhizobium exhibited the highest ability to solubilize iron phosphate; by contrast, calcium phosphate was similarly solubilized within representatives of the three genera. In greenhouse experiments, we found that plants inoculated with isolated BT53, BD17 and BD21 exhibited a significantly higher content of phosphorus (p≤0.05). Additionally, dry weight was significantly higher in the treatment inoculated with BT16 isolate (p≤0.05). We conclude that 1) rhizobia is found associated with grasses, 2) plant genotype determines rhizobia diversity 3) rhizobia are able to solubilize phosphorus, and 4) they might be used to promote plant in different plant families. We further believe that further studies will reveal the true role of those old-known legume symbionts in development and growth of other important crops.

L’taief, Boulbaba, Sihem Smari, Neila Abdi e Bouaziz Sifi. Biochemical and Physiological Characterization of Rhizobia Nodulating Vicia faba L. Genotypes. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, giugno 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.06.06.

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Godschalx, Adrienne. Symbiosis with Nitrogen-fixing Rhizobia Influences Plant Defense Strategy and Plant-predator Interactions. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5528.

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Rhizobiol biofertilizante para el cultivo de soya : mezcla de cepas ICA J-01 e ICA J-96. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2017.1.

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Una alternativa viable para reducir costos por el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenadas en el cultivo de la soya es la inoculación de bacterias simbióticas fijadoras de nitrógeno, Corpoica desarrolla el inoculante líquido Rhizobiol elaborado con una mezcla de estas bacterias. El presente plegable a a conocer su uso y recomendaciones en el cultivo de soya.