Tesi sul tema "Retraite – psychologie"
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Souza, Santos Maria de Fatima. "L'identite a la retraite". Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20055.
Testo completoThe aim of this work is to study the consequences on personal identity of going into retirement, going from the general hypothesis that retirement brings about a crisis at the level of personal identity. If this crisis actually affects the identity of the subjects, it is because identity is built within dependance on the professional role, bearing in mind the value of this role in industrial societies. Based on interviews with 100 retired subjects in the brazilian social context, the results obtained from hierarchical data classification allow three classes of subjects to be distinguished with regard to how retirement is experienced, to the economic level of the subjects and their relationship with the professional role and free time. Two of these classes represent crisis situations in retirement in which certain dimensions of personal identity are put into question. The third class, on the contrary, lives out retirement more positively, without it representing an upheaval of personal identity
Ruiu-Renard, Laurence. "Le rôle du sens dans la transition emploi retraite". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024HESAC012.
Testo completoOver the last thirty years, the transition to retirement, considered as an important stage in life, has undergone significant changes. While it is accepted that it involves a major adjustment for individuals, the ways in which retirement is envisaged and the experience of this transition vary greatly from one person to another (Henkens et al., 2018; Sargent et al., 2012; Van Solinge et al. 2021; M. Wang & Wanberg, 2017).The general aim of this thesis is to develop knowledge about two framings that have, until now, received relatively little combined attention in psychological research: the transition from employment to retirement and the multidimensional concept of “meaning”. This issue is particularly relevant for individuals, whose life expectancy is increasing, and for our societies, which, as their populations age, are faced with the "commitment of healthy longevity" (Guillemard & Mascova, 2017, p.23). Not only is meaning identified as a major component of people's health and well-being (Lecomte, 2013; Bernaud, 2018) but it is also a predictor of successful ageing (Boyle et al., 2010; Pinquart, 2002; Reker & Wong, 2012).The ambition of this research program has been to favour a holistic approach to meaning, with research aimed at understanding this construct in its entirety, through its various ramifications and facets, in the context of this situation of transition.Three research projects were carried out. More specifically, the aim was to understand how people construct meaning around this experience and to better identify its role in the adjustment to retirement.The aim of the first exploratory study was to gain a better understanding of the subjective experience of this transition and the mechanisms by which meaning is constructed. In-depth interviews were conducted with new retirees (N=8). The method used was that of phenomenological interpretative analysis (Smith et al., 2021). The findings suggest links between meaning and adaptation to retirement and led to the development of a model of the construction of meaning in this context of transition.The aim of the second study was to test a retirement counseling program for employees who were due to retire soon. Based on the field of existential psychology, this support system, structured over time, had meaning as its main theme. The applied study consisted of designing this program and rolling it out to voluntary participants, divided into three groups (N=23). We used a mixed research strategy, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The results suggest that the workshops received a high level of satisfaction from participants. The qualitative data revealed some first effects on people's perceptions of retirement and on their behavior. However, the results of the quantitative study suggested modest effects on perceptions of retirement, the meaning of life and life satisfaction.Finally, the third study, carried out among newly retired people (N=319), investigated the links between the context of retirement, representations of retirement, the meaning of life, adaptation, and satisfaction with life in retirement. A quantitative methodology was chosen. Based on empirical knowledge from other research, four hypotheses were formulated and tested. Three were validated and one was partially validated. The results show very significant links between meaning, adaptation to retirement and life satisfaction
Bauche, Patrick. "Conséquences psychiques et psychopathologiques de l'arrêt de la pratique sportive chez l'athlète de haut niveau". Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131016.
Testo completoThis work begins with a short mythological approach and continues with a reminder of the origin of the olympic games whilst underlining today's interaction with the media. Participating in olympic sports at a high level merits studies and theoretical definitions of the psychological state of the athlete during, but also after his hour of glory. It is the study of this "after" which brings out the originality of this research. Symptomatic problems -caused by the tempory or definitive abandoning of the sport- even psychopathologic for some, are understood in terms of a libidinal withdrawal. The body, "love object", invested in the dyad mother/child then over invested by the athlete reenforces his narcissistic characteristics. Through the process of idealization of the performance, the sportsman aims to regain the status of "omnipotence" showing at the same time the intermingling of two psychological states : the ego ideal and ideal ego. Taking part in high level sport can be compared to an addiction, psychological readjustment occurs when the sport is abandoned. If this is on a "tempory basis", the athlete will be prey to "sporadic emptiness" as in any weaning process. More-over, the "end of grace" state has a traumatic effect : the relational circle is altered and the athlete will be confronted with the loss of an ideal image. The disappearance of the strongly invested objective brings to light a problem of identity for the athlete when the "ego" is based on the act of performance. Symptoms such as self-depreciation, melancholy and difficulties in adapting to reality convey the chaos of the subjects internal identity structure. Therefore, the need for a psychological follow-up for the former sportsman has to be emphasized. Being aware of the suffering and being able to establish a therapeutic base would enable these athletes "at breaking point" to progress psychologically towards a libidinal separation similar to the process of mourning
Campéon, Arnaud. "Des vieillesses en solitude : trajectoires et expériences de solitude après la retraite". Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30019.
Testo completoThe vulnerability of many old people became a main issue after the heat have wave of summer 2003. It heightened public awareness of the importance of the "social tie", especially as the years go and people get old. This PHD aims at analyzing what happens when this "tie" is missing to old people, who are, probably more than any other group of the population, exposed to the risk of the transformation and erosion of their supports. Several events can, indeed, overwhelm the life of an old person and make her feel a stranger to the world around her : death of a relative, illness, public transport and urban environment no adapted, self depreciation linked to one's age, etc. All types of elements which can lead an old person to withdraw at home, into oneself, as a "soft" exclusion. These events can provoke important identity disruptions. Isolated and sometimes living in complete destitution, these women and men have to experience a loneliness they have seldom chosen and have no other choice than trying to "enchant" it. The qualitative survey led with about sixty old people gives some piece of information on these experiences of "ordinary" daily loneliness. It reveals an unusual figure : that of the lonely old man, exposed to emotional deficiency and excluded from cultural contributions. It is a figure who indeed contrasts with the caricature of the young senior integrated and dynamic, promoted through the media
Vautier-Estève, Anne. "Étude des modes de gestion des pertes par des adultes âgés en maison de retraite". Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20074.
Testo completoThis study deals with psychological aging in later life. The problem is how elderly people cope with the losses which progressively appear in their life. We hypothesize that cumulative and interdependent privations happening in later life can induce a pathological process. This process should be marked as soon as possible in order to prevent elderly from incapacity or loss of autonomy. In this point of view, it's important to characterize how elderly people cope with later life agressions. We used a specific questionnaire in order to identify different profiles of atitude. Our population was composed with elderly people living in nursing homes. These profiles associate experience of change, experience of time and ways of coping. We tried to make links between coping studies, psychoanalysis and psycho-gerontology frameworks. We found four profiles, three were clearly interpretable and one seemed to be intermediate. Interpretation consists in linking profiles with psychoanalysis trends : denial, regressive withdrawal and elaboration
Leroy, Bruno. "L'entrée en institution du sujet âgé : :changements et conséquences". Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR2008.
Testo completoFrançois, Line. "Le long séjour : rôle du médecin". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11118.
Testo completoChevalier, Séverine. "Contribution à l'étude des processus sous-jacents à la prise de décision du départ à la retraite chez les entrepreneurs français". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2010/document.
Testo completoUnderstanding the psychosociological conditions of entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire is an important issue for researchers and practitioners. Indeed, the consequences of entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire are important at three levels: individual, macroeconomic in that their retirement is linked to the disposal and transfer of their business, and social in that it affects employment (Detienne, 2010). The overall purpose of this doctoral research was to analyze the psychosociological factors underlying the retirement decision in this specific population. The study had two main objectives. The first was to provide researchers and practitioners with an original and reliable self-report questionnaire to assess the nature and form of the reasons underlying the retirement decision process. Three studies, with a total of 442 participants, were conducted to develop and validate the Reasons for Entrepreneurs’ Retirement Decision Inventory (RERDI), based on the Push Pull Antipush Anti-pull view (Mullet, Dej, Lemaire, Raïff, & Barthorpe, 2000). A fourth study involving 271 participants was carried out to achieve the second objective, which was to test a model of individual determinants of the reasons underlying the retirement decision process. This model also examined the relationships between the evaluation of the reasons and the intention to retire. Finally, the results of these studies allow us to propose a multidimensional and reliable tool to assess in detail the complex perception of the psychosociological factors underlying entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire. The results also provide a better understanding of interindividual differences in this retirement decision
Joly, Nathalie Audrey. "Impact du caractère volontaire et involontaire du départ à la retraite sur le bien-être psychologique et le fonctionnement social des retraités". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
Cerca il testo completoJoly, Nathalie Audrey. "Impact du caractère volontaire et involontaire du départ à la retraite sur le bien-être psychologique et le fonctionnement social des retraités". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2406.
Testo completoMéthot, Marie-Hélène. "Retraite normale ou anticipée : étude comparative du bien-être psychologique /". Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/17637287R.html.
Testo completoDesrochers, Cathleen. "Les facteurs influençant le bien-être psychologique à la retraite /". Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2204747R.html.
Testo completoDesrochers, Cathleen. "Les facteurs influençant le bien-être psychologique à la retraite". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3370/1/000662293.pdf.
Testo completoMéthot, Marie-Hélène. "Retraite normale ou anticipée : étude comparative du bien-être psychologique". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4066/1/000102851.pdf.
Testo completoDrouin, Mélanie. "Le bien-être psychologique à la retraite : une comparaison France-Québec /". Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/18050141R.pdf.
Testo completoLavoie, Cécile. "L'adaptation à la retraite et le bien-être psychologique : étude longitudinale /". Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2231636R.html.
Testo completoLavoie, Cécile. "L'adaptation à la retraite et le bien-être psychologique : étude longitudinale". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2736/1/000682988.pdf.
Testo completoDrouin, Mélanie. "Le bien-être psychologique à la retraite : une comparaison France-Québec". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4531/1/000107457.pdf.
Testo completoMénard, Louise. "Engagement social, autonomie psychologique et actualisation du potentiel des personnes retraitées et non retraitées". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2413.
Testo completoMabika, Landry-Fabrice. "Perception et vécu de la retraite au Gabon : cas des agents de l'administration publique". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0007.
Testo completoParent, Louise. "La motivation autodéterminée à poursuivre un soi possible et l'ajustement psychologique face à la retraite". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37859.pdf.
Testo completoPereira, Vickie. "Effet du programme Gestion des buts personnels chez les jeunes retraités présentant des symptômes de dépression". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2568.
Testo completoVaillancourt, Stéphanie. "Etude longitudinale du stress psychologique et physiologique lors de la transition à la retraite chez un groupe d'hommes /". Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/17750063R.html.
Testo completoSur la p. de t. : Mémoire présenté comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en psychologie offerte à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi en vertu d'un protocole d'entente avec l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Bibliogr. : f. [85]-95.
Fournier, Benoit. "Attachement et fonctionnement conjugal chez les hommes consultant un service d'aide psychologique". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2794.
Testo completoSaleh, Imad. "La trajectoire d'intégration des retraités maghrébins en région Centre : indre et Loire : rupture, changement, intégration". Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2012/document.
Testo completoThis terrain survey realized near 50 reprocessed Maghrebians in the area centers (Indre and the Loire), goes in the opposition to all the generally accepted ideas, and the many studies made until our days. It shows that the Maghrebian immigrants of the first generation, alive in France, have, during a half century, evolved/moved and changed. Their integration exceeds, by far, all that was already known as on the latter. They, under difficult conditions, adapted. Gradually, they adopted another way of life, of new ideas, another glance on themselves and the company of origin, as on the French company. They also have, to some extent, adoptee of the French and universal values which they transmitted to their children and little children. They are not any more what they were before. They have a different identity. The price of these changes, is the successive ruptures with the old values and ideas, and the adoption of new ideas and values
Tajan, Nicolas. "Le retrait social au Japon : enquête sur le hikikomori et l'absentéisme scolaire (futôkô)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20004.
Testo completoThe purpose of this PhD Dissertation is to provide a review of social withdrawal in Japan (hikikomori and futōkō). Hikikomori is the phenomenon of social withdrawal that effects hundreds of thousands individuals, in which the individual shuts his/herself in their room generally at their family’s home for several months and even years without social relationships. During the period of compulsory education, students’ social withdrawal is rather coined by the term futōkō (school non-attendance).First, I consider hikikomori as a social issue and sum up previous research in Anthropology, Psychiatry and Psychology. Then, I describe my investigation in NPOs, hikikomori individuals’ accounts I collected, and draw my perspective on the intersection of Clinical Psychology and Mental Health Anthropology. Second, I investigate the support available to futōkō since many hikikomori experienced school non-attendance, using research interviews with clinical practitioners in Kyōto prefecture. Finally, I examine social withdrawal phenomenon in relation to Japanese identity discourse, towards a new approach of Doi Takeo’s, Kawai Hayao’s, and Jacques Lacan’s writings.My results reveal that hikikomori mostly receive support from caregivers working in NPOs, among which psychiatrists and psychologists are absent. However, while clinical psychologists actually support junior high school students who are classified as futōkō, the support available to high school dropouts remains low. As a whole, this dissertation shows that at the beginning of the 21st century, we are just witnessing the birth of psychological clinics in Japan, especially in the field of child and adolescent mental care
Navel, Aurélie. "Les déterminants de la qualité du processus de reconversion sportive de haut niveau : approche psychodynamique". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0005.
Testo completoThe interest of both media and scientists to the topic of high-level sport's retirement and its difficulties is relatively recent. Thus, if researches multiplied in the last twenty years, in a particularly prosper area, successive attempts of reconversion process' theoretical models met nevertheless the difficulty of sport's retirement specificities and cannot answer certain questions.In such a context, this study is new from the two perspectives: theoretical and methodological. Indeed, referring to theoretical fields of psychoanalysis and psychodynamics, it is the question of psychic mechanisms as a determinant of reconversion's quality which is put into question.Thus, original developed hypothesis will be tested through a comparative study of three clinical cases (succeeded/mitigated/failed reconversion), evaluated from a clinical and projective perspective never used before.The results may conclude to a correlation between psychic mechanisms' quality (mentalization, fantasy space, defensive mechanisms) and reconversion's quality.One more, a second variable appeared out of this study, unexpected: it concerns external support's possibilities and it seems that it can be a distinctive factor of the reconversion's quality, such as a continuum.Nevertheless, these brand new results require to be confirmed, generalized
Siaugues, Caroline. "Du « rencard » au « rancart » ? Une expérience psychique de passage : la retraite professionnelle de la femme". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB176.
Testo completoExperiencing transition to retirement seems likely to induce disorder on many women's psychic scenes. As often happens, retiring from one's job is the focus of cherished expectations associated to merit and deliverance. Yet, it also portends getting on in years: it cannot therefore be envisaged without dealing with the problems incurred by coping with age. In support of 28 research interviews conducted with 60 to 66-year old retired women, this thesis aims to understand both the complexity and singularity of the psychic work required by such transitioning experience. This research shows that the mental processing of reaching retirement-age depends on the person's emotional organization. In addition, some effects associated with the hierarchical status enjoyed by women during a busy professional career also make it possible to approach the specific modalities of disinvesting the "work-object" and the "professional scene". Lastly -- since it is likely to upset both their grounding and the spheres conquered by women -- reaching retirement seems to fully reconvene some psychological problems inherent in adolescence work, sometimes providing the opportunity of deepening it. This thesis seeks to promote a reflection on working at cultural level and "setting up ways of sharing" its objects
Duneufgermain, Caroline. "Finance comportementale versus théorie de l'efficience des marchés : l'importance du cadre théorique dans la gestion des fonds de pension". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0056.
Testo completoOur thesis proposes an attempt of coupling between the theoretical frame offered by Behavioral Finance and a particular type of institutional investors, Pension Funds. Thanks to an econometrical modelling of Behavioral Portfolio Theory, it gives a new lighting onto the possible use of this alternative theoretical frame in the pension funds' management, and more particularly onto choice's processes in the building of their assets portfolio. The results of our empirical study so showed that the double constraint compulsory for investment portfolios in optimization's process has a real impact on the émergence of the optimal portfolio
Feillet, Raymonde. "Représentations du vieillissement et attitudes des retraités et des jeunes en situation de confrontation sur le terrain sportif". Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H006.
Testo completoPhysical efforts of retirers are directly influenced by the image of body and are connected to plural values while the latter are often considered as being uniform. To have done a manual work, or otherwise, to live in the country or in the city, to be male or female are factors which influence one's self-image and one's attitudes towards sports. The situation of confrontation of the young sportsmen (opponents partners or trainers) modifies the relation of the body of retired people, either in indiminishing or in strengthening the feeling of ageing. Among sports educators, some choose to work with retired persons, other accept if obliged. Those who accept because they are obliged to are those are the youngest who propose "soft" activites which disregard the ageing body. Those who choose to work with the retirers propose more vigorous activities which allow a real exercise of the body
Piquemal-Vieu, Laurencine. "Vieillir chez soi ou en maison de retraite : impact du lieu de vie sur la dynamique socio-personnelle : estime de soi, stress, coping, événements de vie et soutien social". Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20066.
Testo completoThe considerable social and economic changes taking place in the 20th century have modified the ageing process. The fact that older generations no longer cohabit with their children and the rise in female employment have weakened family ties, with state welfare systems taking over. Old people are increasingly having to face old age alone, eitheir in their own home or in an institution, whereas they themselves accompanied their parents in growing old. Our study analyses the psychological and social effects on the aged, already faced with other losses of being placed in an old people's home. We studied the impact of place of residence on self-esteem, on the perception of daily life events and on the support available in time of need. Theses variables were related to the amount of stress generated ant on the coping strategies used to deal with it. Our sample consisted of 110 old people: 55 living at home and 55 in institutions. The impact of place of residence is evaluated using a series of scales (self-esteem, positive and negative events, stress abiblity to cope) and a questionnaire on support networks. Some of the results obtained confirmed our hypotheses: in old people's homes levels of self-esteem and enjoyment were lower, with wider use of passive coping strategies. However, place of residence was not a determining factor for overall stress levels, whilst tension related to state of health was greater in institutions, against a higher level of time-related tension in the home. Our results showed how a positive self-image in old age can favourably affect the psychophysiological impact of stress factors on the management of stress, the emotions and the support system. Furthermore, place of residence cannot alone explain the differences observed since two social and biological varaibles play at the beneficial role in enabling subjects to maintain a sense of identity and adapt to old age: the fact that responsabiblities have been taken throughout life and that no anti-depressant medication is taken
Ehlers, Peixoto Clarice. "À la rencontre du petit paradis : une étude sur le rôle des espaces publics dans la sociabilité des retraités à Paris et à Rio de Janeiro". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0062.
Testo completoThis thesis is a comparison between france and brazil, on a theme that has not been studied frequently : the social life (sociability) of old age pensioners, with a stress on the informal sides of this social life in public places. The study is an analysis of the way old people satage their local identity, approaching thus the processby wich age identity is built. People who gather in public space develop social relations by selecting partness for friendship, love or even pseudokinship : these partners attend the some public places, displaying through tastes and habits a common social identity. As far as pensioners are concerned, they all aim at filling the void of an idle life by gathering with their age-peers, thus building a new tie based on age. The original side of the research lays on a very specific approach known as visual anthropology. The moving pictures are used to provide a reitented and detailed approach of social phenomena and to widen the scope of observation. In this study on pensioners, cinema illustrates and records physical markers of aging and loneliness, and the occupation of space by onl people
Mendonça, Zaira Rafaela Lyra. "Brincar é coisa de criança? Um retrato da produção acadêmica brasileira sobre o brincar". Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1266.
Testo completoA presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar e discutir como a temática do brincar é retratada na produção acadêmica brasileira, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O brincar é visto como um tema complexo e se constitui como objeto de estudo interdisciplinar. Assim, objetivou ainda: realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca dos estudos sobre o brincar,caracterizando-os; identificar os enfoques teóricos adotados nas pesquisas investigadas; caracterizar como a produção acadêmica em Psicologia vem abordando o conceito do brincar, discutindo suas implicações; analisar e discutir os conceitos do brincar presentes nas produções investigadas à luz da teoria do brincar proposta por Donald Winnicott. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema do brincar a partir de periódicos veiculados na base de dados Scielo Brasil. No intuito de contemplar um amplo número de produções referentes ao tema do brincar, foram utilizados, separadamente, seis descritores: brincar, brincadeira, brinquedo, jogo, lúdico e lúdica. O período adotado para a seleção dos artigos foi de 2007 a 2011. A seleção dos artigos obedeceu a uma técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica denominada de etapa de leitura. Na fase de leitura de reconhecimento do material foram capturados 478 artigos, representando o total de publicações existentes na plataforma do banco de dados relacionados aos descritores utilizados. As etapas seguintes consistiram de leitura exploratória e leitura seletiva, seguida de leitura reflexiva ou crítica, as quais levaram a uma redução de artigos, totalizando 184 artigos. Para cada um dos 184 artigos foi construído um quadro de roteiro de leitura contendo informações identificatórias da obra, como segue: título; autores; ano de publicação; revista e sua área de conhecimento; tipo de pesquisa, se qualitativa ou quantitativa; natureza da pesquisa, se empírica ou teórica; aporte teórico; metodologia; características da população estudada, como idade e contexto sociocultural; local de realização da pesquisa; o conceito do brincar (ou de outro descritor); e impressões iniciais da pesquisadora. Assim, houve uma quantificação dos artigos em função dos resultados emergidos desses elementos. Os resultados desta etapa evidenciam que a importância do brincar para o desenvolvimento infantil é inquestionável, muito embora os argumentos utilizados se apóiem em aportes teóricos diversos e sofram variação. A Psicologia se destaca como área do conhecimento que se preocupa com o brincar enquanto objeto de estudo em si mesmo. As pesquisas qualitativas despontam na preferência dos estudos sobre o brincar investigados. Do total de 184 artigos percebeu-se que houve uma drástica redução no número de artigos que se propuseram a estudar o brincar em si mesmo. Dentro do campo da Psicologia foram encontrados 22 artigos que apresentaram alguma proposta de definição do brincar, tornando-o objeto de estudo. Estes foram submetidos à última etapa de leitura, a leitura interpretativa. O método de análise do material foi baseado nos pressupostos da análise de conteúdo, criando-se categorias de análise a partir do material investigado. Percebeu-se que conceituar o brincar remete a duas configurações: uma mais preocupada com a definição em si e outra mais pautada na funcionalidade do brincar. O brincar aparece fortemente associado à experiência da criança, embora um único artigo aponte para a possibilidade de abordar este tema para além da infância. Em grande quantidade de artigos, o brincar é abordado e utilizado como instrumento de coletar dados, o que já aponta para uma concepção do brincar enquanto atividade natural da infância. Durante a sistematização das conceituações encontradas buscou-se uma aproximação com o conceito do brincar proposto por Winnicott. A grande contribuição e diferenciação de Winnicott na leitura dos dados foi sua concepção do brincar enquanto elemento constitutivo do desenvolvimento e da capacidade do indivíduo de existir.
Guedeney, Antoine. "Le comportement de retrait relationnel du jeune enfant : du concept à l'outil de dépistage : résultats et perspectives de recherche". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB203.
Testo completoThis work deals with social withdrawal behavior in infants, its measure and its conceptual validity, its predictive value on early development within its several dimensions. This is the first synthesis on the history of the concept of withdrawal in infant, of its links with animal models, with the still face experimental paradigm, as well as with the repair process and with interactional dys- syssynchrony as a major process in early psychopathology. Social withdrawal behavior has its roots in physiology, as privileged way used by the infant to regulate the input within the parent infant interaction, within a micro temporal scale. On a longer temporal and more clinical scale, withdrawal behavior appears as a major defense maneuver when the baby is faced with major violations of his her expectations within the relationship. It is therefore observed in a privileged way in maternal post-natal depression, but also in all circumstances which hamper parental capacities, as conjugal violence and conflict may do for instance. Social withdrawal behavior may be as well linked with difficulties in processing sensorial input in the child, or difficulties in social communication and synchrony, or be due to an intense and sustained pain, or be linked with some genetic disorder or with some association of these factors. This work retraces the construction of a scale to asses social withdrawal behavior in infants, since no such tool existed at the time, although social withdrawal behavior appears to be an important alarm signal, showing the inability of the child to play the relational game as his her developmental level allow him or her to do, be it for causes related to himself or herself, for relational causes of because of both. This work opens on a history of the development of child psychiatry and of the coming of ages of infant development. Social withdrawal behavior took a large place at the onset of this history, with the description of autism by Kanner and anaclitic depression by Spitz. Then a history of the concept of social relational withdrawal, and of the construction of the alarm distress scale (8 item) the of the short version (5 item m-ADBB), then the studies on long term effects of social withdrawal on development. We then review the application of the scale on early diagnosis of autism, on the several factor analysis with several samples, and of the several epigenetic and genetic pathways of the social withdrawal behavior. This work reviews the results of several controlled studies with the ADBB, particularly those from the perinatal French EDEN cohort. Social withdrawal behavior appears as the result of a gene interaction, based on the genetic c susceptibility for social withdrawal behavior, possibly liked with the 5-HTPPR allele system. On a cognitive level, the issue is raised of social withdrawal behavior as a choice of a risk taking position in an uncertain situation. Follow up studies show the impact of the social withdrawal behavior on several dimensions of early development, i.e. language, early development of intersubjectivity or emotional regulation
Gourmelen, Andréa. "La pression temporelle ultime : conceptualisation et influence sur les motivations au bénévolat des retraités". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958797.
Testo completoSalles, Maria Izabel Bernardes Moreira. "Um retrato da modernidade pelas lentes de Anthony Giddens: Rê Bordosa, o enquadramento possível (o impacto das transformações da modernidade na vida pessoal e no self)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-08052012-093009/.
Testo completoThis work ia about an interpretation of the modernitys tranformation and the impacts upon the personal life and the self, according to Anthony Giddenss theory: Reflexive Modernity. The Rê Bordosas comics are an ilustration and exemple of those who denies the transformation.
Jagodowicz, Johanna. "Le développement précoce : quels indicateurs pour prévenir d'un trouble?" Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825021.
Testo completoMartin, Natacha. "Contribution à la question du sens de la chute du sujet âgé : les raisons de la chute, la chute de la raison". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20142.
Testo completoWith the increase of life expectancy, psychological writings about ageing have not developed as much as those concerning adults and children. It seemed to us interesting, fascinating and fruitful to think about this senescence period by restating the « somat/psyche » duality throughout the deterioration event. The use of a quantitative and qualitative methodology allows us to tackle the fall event as a traumatic experience according to physical data (fragile ou valid subject, somatic or psychomotor consequences…), temporal (since the last fall, moment of the fall, objective and subjective age of the fall…) and psychic (defenses set up, reminiscence, the work of getting old…) So we specifically looked at the turning point of this event in the context of expensive treatment of conflicts emerging at that time to discover obsessive defense mechanisms and primary maternal regression. In consequence, the development of psychological and psychoanalytical reasoning on the observation of the fall of the ageing subject can only be appreciated by not « falling » in the belief of a unique link of casuality, within an indistinguishable demographic class where age would be seen as an etiological factor. The use of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the discourse gives access to postfall reactive data but also to psychic treatment methods of the conflicts and affects which emerged from this event. We combined verbal communication with the drawing technique to get an insight of the mental images set in the historical narrative of memory. The fall is then exposed as an action, to mitigate the failure of the protective shield system and the capacities of development and connection to the narcissistic injury of senescence. However, it can also be appreciated as a coming back an elaborative resumption of attachment that leads to an inevitable end. It was then that "what is called a reason for living is also an excellent reason for dying" (Albert Camus). Indeed writings on the subject of the psychological deterioration of the ageing person are mainly studied in the context of the psychopathological or deficient process of the frail person in question, hospitalized without really taking into account the individual and collective complex alterations common to the process of ageing. We therefore concentrated on the psychic process of a valid old subject in order to glean more clinical reflections on the type of anxiety and object interaction. The TAT/SAT proposed concerning our study has established the psychic constitution of an internal model of an insecure relationship of the ageing, linked with an infringing relational experience with a failing and disappointing maternal object
Vaillancourt, Stéphanie. "Etude longitudinale du stress psychologique et physiologique lors de la transition à la retraite chez un groupe d'hommes". Thèse, 2002. http://constellation.uqac.ca/832/1/16571612.pdf.
Testo completoTajeddine, Samer. "Etude des facteurs associés à la détresse psychologique lors de la transition des ainés vers la retraite". Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11552.
Testo completoProblématique : La transition à la retraite est une étape importante dans la vie des aînés. C’est une période de la vie caractérisée par plusieurs bouleversements tels que la fin du rôle de travailleur, une diminution considérable du revenu et un changement du mode de vie qui peuvent affecter le bien-être psychologique des retraités. Selon Atchley, le risque de détresse psychologique augmente lorsque la transition vers la retraite entraine une discontinuité dans les ressources internes et les ressources externes dont disposent les individus avant et après la retraite. Objectifs : L’objectif de ce mémoire était d’examiner l’évolution des ressources internes et externes des individus avant et après leur retraite et d’estimer l’influence de l’évolution de ces facteurs sur la détresse psychologique des retraités. Méthode : Les données proviennent de l’Enquête nationale sur la santé de la population (ENSP), une enquête populationnelle longitudinale conduite par Statistique Canada. L’échantillon était composé de 426 individus âgés de 55 ans et plus au moment de la retraite. La détresse psychologique était mesurée par le K6 de Kessler. Les variables indépendantes incluaient le sentiment de contrôle (facteur interne), le stress, le réseau social et le soutien social (facteurs externes). Les données ont été analysées par des analyses de régression linéaire. Résultats : La détresse psychologique des retraités augmente en fonction de leur niveau de détresse avant la retraite et du stress financier et général vécu après la retraite. Elle diminue en fonction du sentiment de contrôle ressenti après la retraite et du changement dans le réseau social et le sentiment de contrôle avant et après la retraite. Conclusion : Contrairement à ce qui était prédit par le modèle d’Atchley, la discontinuité des ressources internes et externes n’est pas nécessairement un facteur de risque de la détresse des retraités car la situation des individus après leur retraite peut aussi affecter leur santé mentale
Rationale : Retirement is an important step in seniors’ life. It is a period characterized by several changes such as the end of role of worker, a considerable decrease in income, and a change in the way of living that may affect the psychological well-being of retirees. According to Atchley, the risk of psychological distress increases when the transition to retirement leads to discontinuity in internal and external resources which are available to individuals before and after retirement. Objectives : To examine the evolution of internal and external resources of individuals before and after retirement and to estimate the influence of the evolution of these factors on psychological distress of retirees. Methods : Data come from the Canadian National Population Health Survey, a longitudinal population-based survey conducted by Statistics Canada. The sample was made up of 426 retirees aged 55 and over at the time of retirement. Psychological distress was measured by Kessler’s K6. Independent variables included the sense of control (internal factor), stress, social network and social support (external factors). Data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results : Psychological distress of retirees increases according to their level of distress before retirement and to the financial and general stress experienced after retirement. It decreases according to their sense of control felt after retirement and to the change in their social network and sense of control before and after retirement. Conclusion : Contrary to what was predicted by the model of Atchley, discontinuity of internal and external resources is not necessarily a risk factor for distress of retirees since their situation after retirement can also affect their mental health.
Merkouche, Wassila. "Les déterminants du retrait organisationnel : le cas du cynisme et du départ volontaire". Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23493.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is to better explain the concept of organizational withdrawal and its determinants. Through the study of the more general literature on counterproductive behavior and organizational withdrawal, we expose the different facets of organizational withdrawal in terms of both work withdrawal and job withdrawal, a definition of organizational withdrawal, a typology of work withdrawal and a multilevel integrative theoretical model of organizational withdrawal. This original model advanced in this thesis, from which a certain number of theoretical propositions arise, mainly mobilizes the multilevel sociological approach, the model of adaptation in organizational behavior, as well as the perspective of the psychological contract and that of job embeddedness. The multilevel sociological approach of Marchand et al. (2006) identifies several determinants of behavior and / or attitude in the different spheres of the individual's life which, according to Rosse and Miller's adaptation model (1984), acts by adapting appropriately to different situations at work. The present thesis also uses the perspective of Rousseau's psychological contract (1989, 1990). It is a relevant approach in the explanation of the behavioral and / or attitudinal reactions of the employee, with a view to social exchange (Blau, 1964), following an assessment of the degree of respect of his psychological contract by his employer. This assessment covers several working conditions in the employment relationship. We also favor the job embeddedness perspective of Mitchell et al. (2001) to demonstrate that the social connections that exist between the employee and the persons in organization could reduce the intensity or magnitude of the negative behavioral and / or attitudinal responses resulting from a situation of non-compliance with the psychological contract of the latter by his employer. In order to verify the impact of the respect of the psychological contract as well as the job embeddedness on the adoption of the organizational withdrawal, we chose to study more specifically the cynicism as attitude of work withdrawal in the frame of transversal quantitative estimate as well as voluntary departure as a behavior job withdrawal in the context of a long-term quantitative estimate. The results of multiple multilevel regressions of these two studies indicate the presence of certain protective factors as well as certain risk factors associated with the adoption of cynicism and voluntary leaving. The use of one's skills in the workplace, receiving recognition for the work and the presence career development opportunities are common factors in preventing cynicism and voluntary departure. In addition, the support received from the supervisor helps to prevent cynical attitudes at work, while the presence of high psychological demands at work, being exposed to irregular hours and experiencing job insecurity could increase cynicism. The results also indicate that social support from colleagues and the presence of career development opportunities play a joint role in preventing voluntary departure. As for the prevention of cynicism, both social support from the supervisor and colleagues play an additional role of protection against the cynical attitude possible to develop by the employee who perceives the non-respect of his psychological contract as regards use of skills, decision-making authority, recognition, career development and job insecurity. We also carried out a third quasi-experimental study, according to a cross-sectional quantitative estimate, on the determinants of voluntary leaving. The results of the ANOVA regarding the effects of three experimental conditions (cynicism, social support, and duration of social support) on voluntary leaving indicate that being cynical or receiving weak social support increases the intention to leave. In addition, being cynical, receiving weak social support for a long time is the situation that further increases the intention to quit one's job. This thesis helps to advance the theoretical and empirical knowledge of organizational withdrawal, cynicism and voluntary departure and concludes with possible recommendations for practitioners to an integrated intervention to prevent these two possible responses to unsatisfactory conditions at work. The thesis stresses the importance for the employee to fully utilize his skills at work, to be recognized for his efforts and contributions to the organization and to have sufficient opportunities for career development and advancement within the framework of his job.
Duarte, João Miguel Macedo Teixeira. "A identidade LGB e o medo da intimidade: um retrato exploratório". Master's thesis, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/114994.
Testo completoFerreira, Paula Cristina Valente. "O retrato da experiência corporal dos jovens portugueses: Um estudo exploratório". Master's thesis, 2011. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/115171.
Testo completoDuarte, João Miguel Macedo Teixeira. "A identidade LGB e o medo da intimidade: um retrato exploratório". Dissertação, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/114994.
Testo completoFerreira, Paula Cristina Valente. "O retrato da experiência corporal dos jovens portugueses: Um estudo exploratório". Dissertação, 2011. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/115171.
Testo completoMós, Melissa Santos. "Um possível retrato da relação entre COVID-19 e o fenómeno das drogas". Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134774.
Testo completoMós, Melissa Santos. "Um possível retrato da relação entre a COVID-19 e o fenómeno das drogas". Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134774.
Testo completoMateus, Susana Filipa Soares. "Não é só uma moeda: retrato exploratório de arrumadores de carros na cidade do Porto". Master's thesis, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/89483.
Testo completoMateus, Susana Filipa Soares. "Não é só uma moeda: retrato exploratório de arrumadores de carros na cidade do Porto". Dissertação, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/89483.
Testo completoMendonça, Júlio Miguel Espínola. "Retrato do contexto psicológico e social da Ilha Graciosa: entre a segurança e a desesperança dos novos tempos e espaços". Dissertação, 2011. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/105243.
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