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Hooper, Rowan. "Arctic rescue squad". New Scientist 243, n. 3245 (agosto 2019): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(19)31631-8.
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Zapiee, Mohd Khuzaimi, Dharnishaa Mohana, Sheshalani Balasingam e Ismail Yusuf Panessai. "Disaster Sites Roaming Smart Car with Hand Gesture Controller". International Journal of Recent Technology and Applied Science 4, n. 1 (30 marzo 2022): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijortas-0401.331.
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This research is about an Internet of Things (IoT) project and research about smart car development. IoT is machine or device that can transfer data over a network without a connection between human-to-human or human-to-device interaction. One of the significant of IoT is the revolution of smart car. This project is a research about smart car that help civilian in distress that have been caught in a natural disaster like land slide or even an earthquake and traps in a collapsed building or it can be a smart car that can recon the site. This smart car can assist the rescue squad to detect that survivor by going through the small hole that been create by the collapsed building and give the rescue squad the where about of the survivor and provide information to the rescuer about the site. The smart car also have solar system to power the system and can run longer than powered only with battery. The smart can also have anti capsize that may make the smart car overturn in the disaster site while roaming in the disaster to detect the victims. This feature help the smart car easily to roam freely with the unstable environment. The smart car also provided with camera for the rescue squad to analyse the structure in the disaster and avoid to dig the rubble or disaster site and killed the victims and the user can gain the insight of the site and gain information more detailed. The smart car can be controlled with a globe type controller for easier the user to control the smart car in the unstable and fragile site.
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Smith, O. M. "BIOMEDICINE: Mobilizing the Rescue Squad". Science 293, n. 5536 (7 settembre 2001): 1731d—1731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.293.5536.1731d.
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Bush, Elizabeth. "Rescue Squad No. 9 by Mike Austin". Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 69, n. 11 (2016): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2016.0618.
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Kobal, Ivan, Vadym Sokolenko e Svitlana Sokolenko. "LEUKOGRAM AND ESR INDICATORS IN PERSONS WORKING IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC". Grail of Science, n. 16 (9 luglio 2022): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.17.06.2022.021.
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We compared the indicators of leukogram and ESR in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) among employees of two institutions: SF "Peremoga Nova" Poultry Farm (15 people) and the State Fire and Rescue Squad (22 people). The workers of the poultry farm showed certain signs of the development of pro-inflammatory processes (an increase in the level of monocytes and ESR). Such signs are absent in the employees of the fire and rescue squad, which allows us to consider the conditions of professional activity as the main etiological factor of the identified trends. Emotional stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could be an additional trigger for the identified trends.
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A., Beck. "PROBABILITY-STATISTICAL REGULARITIES Of MILITARY MINING RESCUE SQUADS FUNCTIONING AT MINING INDUSTRY FACILITIES". Fire and emergencies: prevention, elimination 4 (2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.4.66-74.
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Purpose. The article discusses the possibility and necessity of forming and functioning of emergency rescue squads capable of carrying out a wide range of emergency rescue and other urgent operations at the mining industry facilities. Methods. The basis for theoretical researches was mathematical statistics methods, the mathematical modeling method, modeling and calculations related to the assessment of joint units forming and functioning for servicing hazardous production facilities of the mining industry. Findings. The study of statistical data on responses of the most loaded paramilitary mine rescue squads carried out on the territory of guarded hazardous production facilities of the mining industry of the Russian Federation for the period from 2015 to 2019 has been carried out. Substantiating the number of the mine rescue squads detachments for servicing calls has been carried out. The probabilistic, time and frequency characteristics of the failure-free call service have been used as criteria to substantiate the number n of the detachments. It has been found that accidents and incidents at mining sites are of a different nature, and mine rescue squads have a different load associated with the operational activity, which is explained by the industrial hazard of protected mining sites and industrial infrastructure. The main share of registered accidents at mining facilities are fires (52.4 %) and collapses (22.9 %). Research application field. The data obtained can be used in the organizational design of mine rescue units and services. Conclusions. The flow of destructive events at the mining industry facilities obeys the Poisson stationary distribution law, and the temporal characteristics of the mine rescue squads response process are described by the Erlang distribution. Methods of mathematical modeling functioning processes of urgent emergency rescue services can be used for organizational design of emergency rescue services and units at the mining industry facilities.
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Alsamhi, Saeed H., Mohd Samar Ansari e Navin S. Rajput. "Disaster Coverage Predication for the Emerging Tethered Balloon Technology: Capability for Preparedness, Detection, Mitigation, and Response". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 12, n. 2 (9 agosto 2017): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2017.54.
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AbstractObjectiveA disaster is a consequence of natural hazards and terrorist acts, which have significant potential to disrupt the entire wireless communication infrastructure. Therefore, the essential rescue squads and recovery operations during a catastrophic event will be severely debilitated. To provide efficient communication services, and to reduce casualty mortality and morbidity during the catastrophic events, we proposed the Tethered Balloon technology for disaster preparedness, detection, mitigation, and recovery assessment.MethodsThe proposed Tethered Balloon is applicable to any type of disaster except for storms. The Tethered Balloon is being actively researched and developed as a simple solution to improve the performance of rescues, facilities, and services of emergency medical communication in the disaster area. The most important requirement for rescue and relief teams during or after the disaster is a high quality of service of delivery communication services to save people’s lives.ResultsUsing our proposed technology, we report that the Tethered Balloon has a large disaster coverage area. Therefore, the rescue and research teams are given higher priority, and their performance significantly improved in the particular coverage area.ConclusionsTethered Balloon features made it suitable for disaster preparedness, mitigation, and recovery. The performance of rescue and relief teams was effective and efficient before and after the disaster as well as can be continued to coordinate the relief teams until disaster recovery. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:222–231)
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Shang, ShaoHua, ChungHwei Su, ChiJan Huang, ShihFeng Kao, YuShiang Wu e ChingYuan Lin. "The Evaluation of Fire Rescue Capability from Post-Earthquake Fires in Taipei, Taiwan". Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 08, n. 05 (dicembre 2014): 1450014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431114500146.
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This paper assesses the Taipei's fire rescue capability against post-earthquake fires (PEFs) from a hypothetical earthquake. Taiwan's Shanchiao Fault was used as the trigger fault for establishing earthquake modeling assumptions. Monte Carlo simulation was used with hypocenter coordinates, the Richter magnitude scale, and earthquake focal depths as the uncertainty analysis variables for performing stochastic simulations of 100 sets of seismic event parameters. These parameters were entered into the Simple Earthquake Seismic System (SESS) and the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System (TELES) to conduct uncertainty analysis regarding PEFs. PEFs were simulated and the disaster readiness of all firefighting squads (strongholds) in Taipei was investigated to analyze the uncertainty in PEF rescues. The SESS analysis results indicate that the original risk probability was 25.26%, increasing to 45.88% with the activation of a regional mutual aid system. The original risk calculated by the TELES was 52.97%, which increased to 96.22% of the overall disaster response capacity requirements after the regional mutual aid system was launched. Although the SESS results remained below the 60% risk threshold following the launch of the regional mutual aid system, the rescue capacity was substantially increased. The TELES analysis results indicate that the regional mutual aid system can substantially increase local disaster rescue capacity, nearly satisfying all disaster resource scheduling requirements. The location, scale, and pattern of earthquakes and the resulting casualties are always uncertain. However, the results of this study verify that the 2 independently developed earthquake damage estimation systems can provide an effective reference for post-earthquake rescue scheduling assessments.
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Стеблянский, Л. Н. "А modern approach to the formation of the staff structure and functioning of the local fire and rescue garrison". Актуальные проблемы безопасности в техносфере, n. 2(14) (2 luglio 2024): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34987/2712-9233.2024.22.42.003.
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Задачи местного пожарно-спасательного гарнизона связаны с задачами по защите населения и территорий, определяющими наличие тесного взаимодействия с администрацией муниципального образования. Все решения и нормативные правовые акты в муниципальном звене территориальной подсистемы единой государственной системы предупреждения и ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций фактически принимаются совместно с местным пожарно-спасательным гарнизоном. Исходя из специфики этой деятельности целесообразно введение в штат пожарно-спасательного отряда или пожарно-спасательной части специалиста (помощника начальника гарнизона). The tasks of the local fire and rescue garrison are related to the tasks of protection of the population and territories, determining the presence of close interaction with the administration of the municipality. All decisions and normative legal acts in the municipal link of the territorial subsystem of the unified state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations are actually taken jointly with the local fire and rescue garrison. Based on the specifics of this activity it is advisable to introduce a specialist (assistant to the head of the garrison) into the staff of the fire-rescue squad or fire-rescue unit.
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Kurundkar, Sangeeta. "Advanced Wireless Multipurpose Mine Detection Robot". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, n. 5 (31 maggio 2023): 3055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51490.
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Abstract: The tasks involved in rescue operations in coal mines are hazardous and life-threatening. Many explosions take place from time to time, but the miners are not aware of them. It is also very difficult for the rescue squad to comprehend the situation within the mine. Hazardous gases, high temperatures, methane leaks, and low oxygen levels are examples of environmental issues. An environmental monitoring robot system for remote sensing in coal mines is introduced in this study. This robot system is designed to remotely collect information about the coal mine's surroundings, in addition to performing observational tasks. As a result, this device can be thought of as a multifunctional sensor that enables distant sensing. When it senses danger, the robot system will send out signals warning rescuers to keep their distance. Lessons from the creation of the robot system may be applied to the development of future search-and-rescue systems
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Johnson, David R., W. Ann Maggiore e David Ralph Davis. "A Method to Reduce Rural EMS Response Times". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 6, n. 2 (giugno 1991): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00028260.
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AbstractProlonged EMS response times are a significant problem in rural areas. In this study, VHF radios and personal medical kits were placed in the private vehicles of rescue squad members. By coordinating the responses using radios, higher level EMTs were sent directly to the scene to initiate patient assessment and other procedures while others proceeded to an unstaffed station to pick up the rescue truck.Using this response system, EMTs arrived at the scene prior to the rescue vehicle on 30 of 35 calls (85.7%). In 25 of 35 calls (71.4%), the first person at the scene was at an advanced EMT level even though the majority of responses (56%) were made by Basic EMTs (p<0.001). The mean response time for EMTs using privately owned vehicles was 9±4 minutes (means±SD) compared with 16±9 minutes for the rescue truck (p<0.01). There also was a significant difference in response times between the privately owned vehicles and the rescue truck when the time between the receipt of the call and the initial acknowledgement of response was measured (1±1 minutes vs. 7±3 minutes; p<0.01).An effective EMS response can be made in rural areas by sending EMTs directly to a scene in private vehicles. Providing EMTs with VHF radios and personal medical kits enhances this response.
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Harshita Patil, Sujata Wankhede, Monali Raut, Ekata Chimote, Hansika Thakare, Janvi Tote e Aman Kundal. "IoT-based Collision Detection System". International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM) 2, n. 02 (29 febbraio 2024): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0004.
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All around the world, a sizable percentage of traffic deaths take place every day. Two effective methods for reducing traffic fatalities include implementing systems that allow for real-time incident reporting can significantly reduce the time it takes for emergency services to be notified. Providing thorough training for emergency dispatchers, responders, and other personnel involved in the response process is crucial. The incidence of automobile accidents has increased as technology and auto manufacturing have advanced. Due to limited emergency facilities, the survival rate following an accident is quite low. Our strategy would help find an accident and identify it so that the rescue squad and the rider's emergency contact could be informed.
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Beck, Alexey Viktorovich, e Sergey Viktorovich Sokolov. "Models and algorithms for creation of complex emergency rescue units at mining facilities". Technology of technosphere safety, n. 99 (2023): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2023.1.99.64-81.
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Introduction. The article discusses scientific approaches and regulatory requirements for the creation and functioning of emergency services at mining facilities. Special emergency rescue services at mining facilities respond to a variety of accidents and incidents by nature, the types and frequency of which depend on the danger of the enterprise, which requires the creation of several specialized emergency rescue services independent of each other. The costs of maintaining emergency rescue units are borne by enterprises, and in the conditions of a significantly large staff of such services, they can become unacceptably high. In this regard, there is an economic justification for combining the personnel of operational duty shifts of several specializations of activities aimed at optimizing the staffing of services and formations. The purpose of the study is to increase the level of safety of mining facilities based on the development of models and algorithms for the creation of complex emergency rescue units capable of responding to all types of possible accidents and incidents. Research methods. The article uses the method of analytical research based on the results of the analysis of work in the field of organizational design of regular structures of emergency services. The results of the study. Approaches to the creation of emergency rescue services at industrial facilities are defined. The models of creation of complex emergency rescue formations and the algorithm of creation of emergency rescue formations at mining facilities are proposed. Conclusion. The current norms for determining the organizational structures of mountain rescue teams do not take into account the types of accidents, the specifics of their development and the response of emergency rescue units to their elimination. The authors have proposed models of complex emergency rescue units at mining facilities, allowing, depending on the chosen option, to respond to all possible accidents and incidents. The proposed models and algorithm allow emergency rescue units at mining facilities to optimize the organizational and staff structure by combining rescuers of various specializations of activity, which in turn can reduce the costs of the enterprise for the maintenance of emergency services. Keywords: accident; emergency rescue formation; mining rescue squad; mining industry; damaging events; incident; hazardous production facility; organizational design; organizational and staff structure.
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Kulkarni, Swarup Suresh, e Dr Roshani Ade. "Intelligent Traffic Control System Implementation for Traffic Violation Control, Congestion Control and Stolen Vehicle Detection". International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 5, n. 2 (6 luglio 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v5i2.7230.
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<p>Traffic is significant issue in our nation, particularly in urban ranges. Aftereffect of this, activity clog issue happens. Crisis vehicle like rescue vehicle, fire unit, squad cars confront bunches of issue to achieve their goal on account of congested driving conditions, coming about loss of human lives. To minimize this issue we approach new idea name as ”Traffic control framework for blockage control and stolen Vehicle location”. In this framework activity freedom done by transforming Red flag into Green flag. We demonstrate idea of what is called ”Green wave”. Alongside this, we distinguish stolen vehicle by utilizing extremely advantageous RFID innovation. In the event that stolen vehicle is been distinguished, the framework gives ready sign through ringer. Framework sends Message with the assistance of GSM to Police station. In this framework we Use diverse RFID labels for recognizing rescue vehicle, stolen Vehicles. On the off chance that Red flag is on and IR sensor is initiated, then framework gives ringer alarm to movement police. This is novel framework which encourage great answer for comprehend traffic clog.</p>
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WOYWODT, A., U. ERDBRUEGGER e M. HAUBITZ. "Circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells after angioplasty: news from the endothelial rescue squad". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 4, n. 5 (maggio 2006): 976–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01920.x.
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Liu, Chang, e Tamás Szirányi. "Real-Time Human Detection and Gesture Recognition for On-Board UAV Rescue". Sensors 21, n. 6 (20 marzo 2021): 2180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062180.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play an important role in numerous technical and scientific fields, especially in wilderness rescue. This paper carries out work on real-time UAV human detection and recognition of body and hand rescue gestures. We use body-featuring solutions to establish biometric communications, like yolo3-tiny for human detection. When the presence of a person is detected, the system will enter the gesture recognition phase, where the user and the drone can communicate briefly and effectively, avoiding the drawbacks of speech communication. A data-set of ten body rescue gestures (i.e., Kick, Punch, Squat, Stand, Attention, Cancel, Walk, Sit, Direction, and PhoneCall) has been created by a UAV on-board camera. The two most important gestures are the novel dynamic Attention and Cancel which represent the set and reset functions respectively. When the rescue gesture of the human body is recognized as Attention, the drone will gradually approach the user with a larger resolution for hand gesture recognition. The system achieves 99.80% accuracy on testing data in body gesture data-set and 94.71% accuracy on testing data in hand gesture data-set by using the deep learning method. Experiments conducted on real-time UAV cameras confirm our solution can achieve our expected UAV rescue purpose.
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Martin, Jake, e Nicholas Friedman. "Interview with Virginia Tech Rescue Squad: Winner of the 2019 NCEMSF Advanced Life Support Skills Classic". Journal of Collegiate Emergency Medical Services 3, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.30542/jcems.2020.03.01.01.
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Vinnikov, Denis, Gulnara Kapanova, Zhanna Romanova, Ilya Krugovykh, Sundetgali Kalmakhanov, Aliya Ualiyeva, Kaini Baigonova, Zhangir Tulekov e Damet Ongarbaeva. "Occupational burn-out, fatigue and stress in professional rescuers: a cross-sectional study in Kazakhstan". BMJ Open 12, n. 6 (giugno 2022): e057935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057935.
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ObjectivesTo find predictors of burn-out in a cohort of rescuers.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingRepublican Rescue Squad (N=105) and Republican Mudslide Rescue Service under the Ministry of Emergency Situations (N=480) in Almaty, Kazakhstan.ParticipantsIn total, we included 268 (80% men, median age 38 (IQR 22) years) rescuers from both organisations.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe offered a questionnaire to rescuers, which included Maslach Burnout Inventory, quantifying emotional exhaustion (EX), cynicism (CY) and professional efficacy (PE) along with fatigue, stress and health-related quality of life (HRQL) tools.ResultsLower scores of HRQL (Physical Component Score (PCS) beta −0.04 (95% CI −0.06 to −0.02); Mental Component Score beta −0.03 (95% CI −0.05 to −0.01)), higher fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score beta 0.03 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.04)) and stress (Perceived Stress Score-10 beta 0.04 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.06)) independently predicted greater EX. Lower PCS (beta −0.03 (95% CI −0.06 to −0.01)) and FSS (beta 0.02 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.03)) could predict more CY burn-out. In addition to stress, higher education (beta 0.86 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.32)) was positively associated with lower burn-out severity in PE domain.ConclusionsFatigue, stress and HRQL were associated with burn-out in rescuers. Addressing these predictors may help guide further interventions to reduce occupational burn-out.
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Adams, Julie A. "Human-Robot Interaction Design: Understanding User Needs and Requirements". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, n. 3 (settembre 2005): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900349.
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Goal-Directed Task Analysis is being applied to assessing the needs and requirements for developing novel techniques and tools to permit a small number of humans to supervise large robotic teams. The paper presents a preliminary overall goal hierarchy as well as a preliminary communication goal hierarchy based upon the initial analysis. This research involves working directly with the Nashville Metro Police department's Bomb Squad and the Nashville Metro Fire Department's HAZMAT team. The focus is the assessment of actual user needs and requirements employing well-defined user centered design practices in combination with Goal-Directed Task Analysis. The resulting Goal- Decision-SA structure will be employed to develop potential human-robot interaction designs for further qualitative and qualitative evaluation. The objective is to successfully integrate robots into the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive device search and rescue tasks such that the robots complement and augment the current human capabilities.
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Chernyuk, V. I., O. I. Soloviov, J. V. Kudievsky, I. A. Evstratenko e R. S. Makareiko. "Peculiarities of work conditions of employees of main professions of the state militarized mine-rescue (emergency- rescue) squad of the state emergency service of Ukraine". Ukrainian Journal of Occupational Health 2017, n. 4 (29 dicembre 2017): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2017.04.012.
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Fiala, Jozef, Marcel Kuracina, Lenka Blinová e Maroš Soldán. "Thermography Diagnostics of Photovoltaic Panels". Advanced Materials Research 1001 (agosto 2014): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.388.
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The technologies based on photovoltaic effect, which achieve their fulfilment from small applications to some big power stations that can be in size of few square kilometers, still come to the fore more. The growth of the interest and installations of these technologies brought also amount of technical, legislative or financial problems and also in issues of safety of its operation, of its service, of intervention of rescue squad and last but not least of recycling. Solar thermography is the use of an infrared camera to inspect photovoltaic solar systems for problems that can cause; damage to the cells, loss of efficiency, and fire hazards. In this work were observed temperature distributions for solar panel using digitized thermal imagers and the detected problems with the overheated connections at the junction box from the front of the panel and problems with a defective cell. Also were detected problems of photovoltaic panel with the overheated place caused by dirt on the panel.
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Rodionov, G. G., I. I. Shantyr’, I. E. Ushal, E. A. Kolobova e E. V. Svetkina. "Diagnostics of oxidative stress in firefighters and rescuers EMERCOM of Russia". Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, n. 2 (22 giugno 2019): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2019-0-2-104-110.
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Relevance. Due to their carcinogenic, oxidative and toxic potential, chemical compounds from burning products are especially dangerous for rescuers and firefighters and result in the oxidative stress as a precursor of many diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose the oxidative stress before its serious effects.Intention. To assess oxidative stress markers in plasma of rescuers and firefighters of EMERCOM of Russia via modern methods for targeted treatment and preventive actions.Methodology. Malonic dialdehyde, fat-soluble vitamins (A and E), polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in plasma were determined by gas and liquid chromatography during routine periodical medical examination of 98 rescuers and firefighters of rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia. The average age of the examined persons was (32.1 ± 0.5) years; of them, 21 were rescuers from the North-West Regional Search and Rescue Squad and 77 were firefighters from the territorial fire departments of St. Petersburg.Results and Discussion. Malonic dialdehyde plasma concentrations in rescuers and firefighters were 1.5-1.7-fold higher than reference values. Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids were increased in all examined groups. In firefighters with work experience of > 10 years, plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were increased. Their antioxidative potential is decreased.Conclusion. According to the obtained results, rescuers and firefighters can be assigned to a high-risk group in terms of health deterioretion, especially those with work experience for more than 5 years. Periodic correction of the observed changes is recommended.
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Layton, Thomas R., e Einer R. Elhauge. "A Study of the Johnstown Floods". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045386.
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In order to analyze the cause, effect and relief efforts of the Johnstown floods of 1889,1936, and 1977, existing literature, journalistic accounts, and official documents concerning the floods were investigated.At 4:00 PM on May 31, 1889, the South Fork Dam burst, releasing 60 million tons of water into the Conemaugh Valley. The flood destroyed Johnstown and the surrounding communities within a few minutes. The official totals were 2209 persons killed, 30,000 homeless, and 17.2 million dollars property damage. From Sang Hollow, a community four miles from Johnstown, the first description of the disastrous flood was sent to Pittsburgh by telegraph about two hours after the catastrophe. Several journalists set out by train for Johnstown immediately. A fire started in the flood debris and burned throughout the night. By morning rescue squads of survivors were trying to get through to those still marooned and to identify the dead.
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McClatchie, Sam, John Field, Andrew R. Thompson, Tim Gerrodette, Mark Lowry, Paul C. Fiedler, William Watson, Karen M. Nieto e Russell D. Vetter. "Food limitation of sea lion pups and the decline of forage off central and southern California". Royal Society Open Science 3, n. 3 (marzo 2016): 150628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150628.
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California sea lions increased from approximately 50 000 to 340 000 animals in the last 40 years, and their pups are starving and stranding on beaches in southern California, raising questions about the adequacy of their food supply. We investigated whether the declining sea lion pup weight at San Miguel rookery was associated with changes in abundance and quality of sardine, anchovy, rockfish and market squid forage. In the last decade off central California, where breeding female sea lions from San Miguel rookery feed, sardine and anchovy greatly decreased in biomass, whereas market squid and rockfish abundance increased. Pup weights fell as forage food quality declined associated with changes in the relative abundances of forage species. A model explained 67% of the variance in pup weights using forage from central and southern California and 81% of the variance in pup weights using forage from the female sea lion foraging range. A shift from high to poor quality forage for breeding females results in food limitation of the pups, ultimately flooding animal rescue centres with starving sea lion pups. Our study is unusual in using a long-term, fishery-independent dataset to directly address an important consequence of forage decline on the productivity of a large marine predator. Whether forage declines are environmentally driven, are due to a combination of environmental drivers and fishing removals, or are due to density-dependent interactions between forage and sea lions is uncertain. However, declining forage abundance and quality was coherent over a large area (32.5–38° N) for a decade, suggesting that trends in forage are environmentally driven.
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Fakhir, Muhammad Ilyas, Awais Qasim, Saira Hussain, Shuja ur Rehman Baig, Muhammad Bilal e Adeel Munawar. "Prioritization of Exigency Services in Multi-Agent Transportation Systems". VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering 11, n. 1 (5 marzo 2023): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v11i1.1353.
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Multi-agent system helps in achieving a single global goal by working on different tasks in a distributed environment. This research presents a new framework for handling the prioritization of exigency services in an urban transportation system. Prioritization in exigency services needs to be handled for vehicles like Ambulance, Police Mobile, Fire Brigade, Bomb Disposal Squads, Search and Rescue vehicles, Turntable Ladder, and other similar vehicles. In the proposed framework a single ARTIS agent with four In-agents is deployed at each signal node. In-Agents at different nodes share information about the exigency with the ARTIS Agent that analyses the input data and determines the types of conflict that might cause delays in emergency services provision. We operate the signal based on their priorities for exigency vehicles with different priorities. In case they have the same priorities then we use the lane congestion and vehicle wait time to operate a signal. We demonstrate the application of our proposed approach using different cases of a traffic case study.
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Shantyr’, I. I., G. G. Rodionov, E. G. Neronova, I. E. Ushal e E. A. Kolobova. "Evaluation of the individual detoxification potential in the firefighters and rescuers of emercom of Russia". Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, n. 3 (11 novembre 2020): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2020-0-3-87-95.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Relevance. Professional activities of firefighters and rescuers are usually associated with aggressive chemical exposure with increased physical exertion and psychological stress. Therefore, for professional selection and monitoring the health status of firefighters and rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia it is necessary to evaluate the activity of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes that are directly involved in detoxification pathways in the liver.Intention. To evaluate the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme by phenotyping methods and to establish the frequency of allelic variants of the gene of this enzyme (rs2740574 and rs4987161 polymorphisms) in firefighters and rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia for targeted treatment, rehabilitation and prevention.Methodology. Polymorphisms (rs2740574 and rs4987161) of the CYP3A4 gene and also CYP3A4 activity by the ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine were determined during routine periodical medical examination of 64 rescuers and firefighters of rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia. The average age of examined persons was (29.8 ± 5.5) years; 30 of them are rescuers of the North-West Regional Search and Rescue Squad and 34 are firefighters of the territorial fire departments of St. Petersburg.Results and Discussion. According to the results of genotyping of rs2740574 polymorphism of the CYP3A4 gene, EMERCOM employees were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence or absence of a minor allele: “poor” and “rapid” metabolizers (9.4% and 80.6%, respectively). According to the results of genotyping of the rs4987161 polymorphism of the CYP3A4 gene, the examined were classified as “rapid” metabolizers, because patients with a minor allele were not identified. Depending on the ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine, the activity level of CYP3A4 was “normal” in 67 %, “poor” in 13 % and “rapid” in 20 % of cases. The ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine tended to increase with an increase in work experience and age. No relationship between the studied polymorphic variants of the CYP3A4 gene and the established enzyme activity was observed.Conclusion. Genotyping methods made it possible to identify allelic variants of the CYP3A4 gene that could affect the functionality of the enzyme; however, no association of the studied polymorphisms with enzyme activity was found. In such cases, in the absence of informative genetic markers, it is recommended to evaluate the enzyme activity by phenotyping methods.
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Santarpia, Luciano, Simone Bologna, Virgilio Ciancio, Iacopo Golasi e Ferdinando Salata. "Fire Temperature Based on the Time and Resistance of Buildings—Predicting the Adoption of Fire Safety Measures". Fire 2, n. 2 (10 aprile 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2020019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
During a fire in enclosed spaces, having structures with a good level of resistance is very important. The post flashover fire time interval, during which rescue squads operate, is important to verify if the structure can still resist fire for an acceptable time interval. This can be determined through the REI value. Hence, the way the fire develops must be examined together with the trend of the temperature that might guarantee that the structure will resist the heat flux released during the combustion. This article examines and compares, through a case study, the most important methods for analysis of the fire risk: the prescriptive approach and the simplified performance-based approach. The performance-based method (more suitable for the actual planning demand with respect to the more cautious prescriptive approach) is affected by the parameters influencing its development. The goal of this article is to provide a graph (based on parameters like the type of building, opening factor “O” and fire load “q”) that might be used by designers and architects to carry out the planning phase and adopt fire prevention systems before dealing with the assessments required by the engineering field for the fire risk analysis.
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Khen, G. V., E. P. Dulepova, A. A. Somov, M. A. Stepanenko, O. N. Katugin e V. V. Kulik. "Ecosystem components in the Bering sea convention area: results from studies and fisheries prospective". Problems of Fisheries 24, n. 1 (2 aprile 2023): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36038/0234-2774-2023-24-1-5-38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent features in oceanography, forage base, and biological diversity, as well as fisheries prospective in the Bering Sea Convention area are considered. Since 1950, a sharp increase in water temperature has been observed, and thermal regime shifts occurred in 1977 and 2014. Composition and structure of zooplankton communities are virtually the same as in the western Bering Sea basin. Zooplankton community is comprised by a small number of widely distributed species, which belong to macrozooplankton and constitute a valuable food source for upper trophic levels. Nekton biomass is small, an order of magnitude lower than on the shelf. Neighboring continental slope and underwater ridges, as well as seasonal migrations of lower boreal and lower boreal-subtropical species support high species richness of nekton community. Pelagic and benthopelagic species of fish and squid, which occur on the shelf and slope, usually do not migrate into the Convention area in large quantities, except for walleye pollock, which was actively harvested in this area in 1983–1992. However, in the up-coming years, it is impossible to resume pollock fishery in the Convention area, based on the modern state of pollock resources.
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Sivtseva, A. V. "Voluntary fire squads and their participation in extinguishing fires in the Far North". Technology of technosphere safety 92 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.71-78.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. Extinguishing fires in remote areas of rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is carried out not only by the State Fire Service, but also by volunteer fire brigades. The most important problem in extinguishing fires is the lack of fire stations in all rural settlements, which negatively affects the timely extinguishing of the fire. The problem that firefighters face when extinguishing is also considered. This is a shortage of water in the winter period of the year. Goals and objectives. The purpose of this article is to systematize the work of volunteer fire brigades (DPD), to give a clear idea of the significance of this formation. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: firstly, to describe the work and tasks of the organization of a volunteer fire brigade, and secondly, to assess the availability of knowledge, skills, and weapons with which the DPD can effectively affect the extinguishing of a fire. Methods. Volunteer fire brigades in the Far North with a shortage of water can use a method of mechanical impact on flames. Mechanical impact is understood as procedures aimed at limiting the spread and extinguishing a fire. Results and its discussion. To date, the formation of volunteer fire brigades in the regions of the Far North is developing, they focus on preventive measures to protect against fires, on rapid response and elimination of fire. Conclusions. A volunteer fire brigade (DPD) for settlements where there is no fire station is a rescue from fires and fires. The DPD can either independently participate in extinguishing a fire, or help the state fire service in extinguishing it. The DPD performs the same functions and tasks as the state fire service. The DPD has the means to cope with small fires. To extinguish large fires, DPD requires funding, which can be provided by entrepreneurs of the village, local residents, as well as the municipality of the district. Keywords: fires, volunteer fire brigade, water shortage, method of extinguishing fire
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McDermott, Patricia L., Jennifer M. Riley, Douglas J. Gillan e Haydee M. Cuevas. "Editors’ Introduction to the Special Issue on Improving Human-Robot Interaction in Complex Operational Environments". Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 5, n. 1 (marzo 2011): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555343411399075.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The past decade has seen a proliferation in the use of robots in a broad range of complex domains, such as urban search and rescue, military operations (including explosive ordnance disposal and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance), scientific exploration in underwater and space expeditions, law enforcement (e.g., bomb squads), manufacturing, and health care (e.g., telerobotic surgery). Remotely controlled ground, aerial, sea-surface, and underwater robotic vehicles are serving as tools to safely extend the sensory and psychomotor capabilities of humans to remote environments while keeping humans safe. More importantly, with the ever-increasing technological sophistication in their design and capabilities, robots are becoming more than mere tools. They now can be seen as quasi–team members whose tasks and behaviors must be integrated with the task requirements and expectations of their human teammates. Yet without the necessary research base to inform design, sizeable investments will likely be made into developing robotic systems that are ineffective or, at best, not optimal. Toward this end, the goal of this two-part special issue is to present examples of the latest research on human-robot interaction that demonstrate how theories and empirical findings can be translated into practical, useful guidance for improving human-robot team performance across various domains.
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Song, Y., M. Nagy, W. Ni, N. K. Tyagi, W. A. Fenton, F. Lopez-Giraldez, J. D. Overton, A. L. Horwich e S. T. Brady. "Molecular chaperone Hsp110 rescues a vesicle transport defect produced by an ALS-associated mutant SOD1 protein in squid axoplasm". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, n. 14 (18 marzo 2013): 5428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1303279110.
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Aleksanin, S. S., V. Yu Rybnikov, N. V. Nesterenko, I. A. Yakirevich e A. S. Popov. "Airmobile hospital of EMERCOM of Russia: tasks, main units, equipment, deployment options for eliminating consequences of emergencies". Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, n. 3 (10 settembre 2021): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-3-05-17.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Relevance. The Airmobile Hospital (AMH) of the EMERCOM of Russia is part of the State Central Airmobile Rescue Team of the EMERCOM of Russia (the “Tsentrospas” squad) and is always ready to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences of various emergencies in Russia and other countries. However, there are very few publications on its tasks, structure, main divisions, equipment, deployment options and features of work when mitigating health consequences of emergencies. In this regard, a number of publications are planned to consistently reflect the tasks and main tactical and technical characteristics (report 1), experience of the EMERCOM of Russia AMH in Russia (report 2), in foreign countries (report 3), as well as when mitigating consequences of some most significant emergencies (report 4).Intention: To summarize and analyze the tasks, types of medical care, staff structure, equipment, features of the deployment and functioning of the EMERCOM of Russia AMH when mitigating medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies.Methodology. There were analyzed regulatory documents, staff, reports on the work of the EMERCOM of Russia AMH for the period from 17.04.1996 to 01.01.2021.Results and Discussion. The tasks, structure, main types of medical care and options for deploying an airmobile hospital of the Russian EMERCOM, as well as information on its equipment are given. It is shown that the AMH operation in the field can be organized via two main deployment options for 50 and 100 beds. Information is provided on the licensed activities of the airmobile hospital and the features of its functioning as well as engineering and technical support.Conclusion. These data are an important basis for improving the activities of field mobile medical units of the Ministry of Health of Russia, the EMERCOM of Russia, the Armed Forces of Russia intended for mitigating medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies.
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Gough, John E., Stephen H. Thomas, Lawrence H. Brown, James E. Reese e C. Keith Stone. "Does the Ambulance Environment Adversely Affect the Ability to Perform Oral Endotracheal Intubation?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 11, n. 2 (giugno 1996): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00042837.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractObjective:Oral endotracheal intubation (ETI) is the preferred method of controlling the airway in critically ill or injured patients. It was postulated that time could be saved if intubation was performed in the ambulance en route to the hospital. This study was designed to determine whether the ambulance environment adversely affected the ability of emergency medical technicians at the advanced-intermediate level (EMT-AI) to perform oral ETI.Hypothesis:The restrictive environment of a moving ambulance would affect adversely the ability of EMT-AIs to perform ETI compared with a controlled setting. This would result in a significant increase in the time necessary to perform ETI in the ambulance compared with a controlled setting not complicated by restrictive space and motion.Methods:Twenty on-duty EMT-AIs were recruited to volunteer for this prospective, nonrandomized, nonblinded trial. All participants performed three consecutive oral ETIs on an airway mannequin in two settings: 1) in the back of a moving ambulance; and 2) on a table in the rescue squad station. Of the participants, 10 performed the intubations in the ambulance first; the remainder performed the intubations at the station first. Time for intubation with the mannequin was recorded by stopwatch. The mean times for intubation in both settings were compared by Student's t-test (p<0.05).Results:All intubation attempts were successful. The mean time for intubation in the station was 13.0±3.4 seconds. The mean time in the ambulance setting was 13.2±5.3 seconds. There was no significant difference between the intubation times in the two settings (p = 0.88).Conclusion:The environment of a moving ambulance does not appear to hinder the ability of EMT-AIs to perform oral ETI in a laboratory setting with a mannequin model.
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Montgomery, M. K., e M. McFall-Ngai. "Bacterial symbionts induce host organ morphogenesis during early postembryonic development of the squid Euprymna scolopes". Development 120, n. 7 (1 luglio 1994): 1719–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.7.1719.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The mutualistic association between the squid Euprymna scolopes and the bacterium Vibrio fischeri is an emerging experimental system for the study of the influence of bacteria on animal development. Taking advantage of the ability to raise both this host and its microbial partner independently under laboratory conditions, we describe the effects of bacterial interactions on morphogenesis of the juvenile host symbiotic organ. Our results show that bacteria are essential for normal postembryonic development of the symbiotic organ, which involves changes in both the surface epithelium and the epithelial tissue within the organ where the bacterial culture will take up residence. Cell death induced by exposure to symbiotic V. fischeri results in the regression of a complex ciliated surface epithelium, a tissue that apparently functions to facilitate inoculation of the juvenile organ with the appropriate specific bacterial species. Regression of this tissue begins within hours of exposure to symbiosis-competent bacteria and progresses over the next 5 days, at which time full regression is complete, resulting in a symbiotic organ whose epithelial surface resembles that of the fully mature organ. Moreover, symbiosis-competent bacteria induce modification of the epithelial cells of the crypts that will house these symbionts; these cells undergo significant changes in shape and size in response to interactions with symbiotic V. fischeri. In contrast, we find that when these tissues are not exposed to the proper bacterial symbionts they remain in a state of arrested morphogenesis, a condition that can be rescued by interactions with symbionts. The results of these studies are the first experimental data demonstrating that a specific bacterial symbiont can play an inductive role in animal development.
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Prieto-Valle, Alba, Alba Aparicio-Sarmiento, Maria Isabel Gil López e Raquel Hernández-García. "Riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior en fútbol femenino: valoración funcional y mecánicas de aterrizaje". JUMP, n. 7 (1 dicembre 2023): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/jump.n7.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
El riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior es multifactorial y son numerosas las pruebas que han ido utilizando para localizar posibles factores que incrementen el riesgo de lesión. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los déficits funcionales y las mecánicas del riesgo lesional para el ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) en jugadoras de fútbol de categoría semiprofesionales, así como correlacionar el riesgo de lesión de las jugadoras a través de una prueba funcional y otra de habilidad. En este estudio de caso participaron 17 jugadoras de fútbol femenino de categoría Primera Autonómica y Preferente Autonómica Femenina de un club de fútbol con rango de edad de 14 a 23 años (edad media 17,05±3,24 años). Se utilizó un día de entrenamiento normal para realizar las siguientes pruebas: Over Head Squat y Tuck Jump. Los resultados destacados fueron que la mayoría de jugadoras mostraron riesgo medio de lesión en la prueba funcional, por otro lado, no se mostraron asociaciones significativas entre las pruebas de Overhead Squat test (OHS) y Tuck Jump. Por tanto, se recomienda continuar con esta línea de investigación con la finalidad de detectar un posible sistema de pruebas óptimo para identificar el riesgo de lesión del LCA de forma individual en jugadoras de fútbol, y de este modo, ofrecer a los entrenadores la posibilidad de prescribir trabajo individualizado para alejar a cada jugadora de la lesión del LCA.
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Chekha, A. N. "Stone Industry of Layer 2 at Ust’-Kutarey Site (North Angara Region)". Archaeology and Ethnography 18, n. 3 (2019): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2019-18-3-62-73.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose. There are many archaeological sites located in the North Angara region. Although this territory has been investigated since 18th century, most intensive work was done during rescue archaeological works on Boguchany hydroelectric power station in 2008–2011. One of the valuable sources of artifacts is the Kutarey site. Our work contains a brief analysis of stone industries of the Kutarey River Mouth site. The main goal of this work is to apply technical and typological analysis to mark the specificity of the stone industries of layer 2 of the Kutarey River Mouth site in comparison with the results that had been previously published on layer 3 in the context of new data of this region in terms of ceramics complexes. We introduce a previously unpublished collection of stone artifacts of layer 2 of the Kutarey River Mouth site, which significantly extends the source base of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in this region. Results. The Kutarey River Mouth site is located on the left bank of the Angara River, 15 km down from the Kezhma village, on the right bank of the Kutarey River. The location was found in 1974 by N. I. Drozdov and his squad. The site was further investigated in 2008 and in 2010 by an IAE SB RAS squad (guided by A. N. Savin). Firstly, the site was determined as a Neolithic location, but as result of 2010 excavations three Neolithic-Middle Age cultural horizons were discovered. In the context of the difficulties connected with conducting investigations in this region, namely an open location, a low stratigraphy situation, a high extend of technogenic interruption, the materials of layer 3 are most perspective due to a high grade of saturation of the artifacts and minimal technogenic interruptions. These materials belong to the Neolithic and Paleometal Era. In order to clarify cultural and chronological specificity of this complex, it is necessary to analyze materials from layer 2. The stone industry of layer 2 is represented by retouching microblades, bladelets, tools for blades, flakes, scrapers including one microscraper, bifaces, several adzes, axes, and one piercing tool. Of special interest are blade points and trihedral and tetrahedral points. Conclusion. Our technical and typological analyses show that in comparison to layer 3, layer 2 is characterized by a small number of massive axes and adzes, no flints, few double scrapers, and only volume splitting tools aimed mainly at obtaining a small blade. Also, despite the fact that the core of the collection is the product of the hornstones of local origin, we observe a significant increase in the percentage of artifacts made of flint (13 %), which may indicate some new commodity strategies. The most interesting analogy can be traced with the dedicated Upper Kolyma Early Holocene complex, which contained blade points widely distributed in Northeast Asia and was present directly or indirectly in the materials from Chukotka (Verkhnetirsky IV and Nizhnechutinsky IV), Yakutia (Olbinski burial ground, Jubilee), Kamchatka (the Ushki I–IV layer, Avacha 1,9). This complex is believed to belong to specific Volbinsky traditions, which formed in the first half of the Holocene, about 8800–6000 years ago. It is also worth comparing these materials with other Kutarey sites – Sen’kin (Siniy) Kamen’, Ruchei Povarny, Gora Kutarey and adjacent territories.
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Shuntov, V. P., e O. A. Ivanov. "«Wrong fish» or wrong hypotheses: what happens to nekton of the Pacific waters at Kuril Islands?" Izvestiya TINRO 201, n. 1 (4 aprile 2021): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2021-201-3-23.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A phenomenon of undulating fluctuations of nekton abundance in the Kuroshio system is discussed on example of japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus, as the most abundant and the most fluctuating species. The so-called «sardine epochs» are distinguished according to this species abundance. The last such epoch ended in the early 1990s. Since 2014, structural changes occurred again in the nekton communities of the Pacific waters off Kuril Islands, caused by expansion of southern fish and squid species, primarily japanese sardine and chub mackerel Scomber japonicus, and decreasing in abundance of japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus and saury Cololabis saira. The scope of these changes allowed Russian fishermen to resume the fishery on japanese sardine and chub mackerel in the Russian exclusive economic zone since 2016. Annual catch of Japanese sardine increased steadily from 6,700 t in 2016 to 315,500 t in 2020. Over these 5 years, Russian fishermen landed 531,700 t of sardine and 167,900 t of chub mackerel. However, many Russian fishery forecasters believe that these reconstructions is only a «rehearsal» of the upcoming «sardine epoch», being based on formal climatic indices, without delving into the mechanisms of abundance fluctuations. The authors note that new «sardine epochs» cannot be predicted as completely similar to the previous ones. Several hypotheses on causes of the beginning and end of japanese sardine blooms are considered critically, and the conclusion is made that mechanisms which determine its year-classes strength are still unclear, as well as the reasons of undulating fluctuations of this species and some other nekton species abundance, because of high complexity of this problem.
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HOF, MERCEDES, RENATE I. DAHLKE, THOMAS DANDEKAR, MARTIN KALTDORF e LOTHAR A. BECK. "A non-invasive manual method for the assessment of pregnancy in female Scyliorhinus canicula catsharks". Mediterranean Marine Science 19, n. 1 (30 maggio 2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.13838.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Enhanced survival of oviparous shark populations can rely on only one easily applicable method. We tested a powerful method to retrieve egg cases from dead oviparous females at the fish market which is non-invasive. We approved this method for Scyliorhinus canicula and Scyliorhinus stellaris (smallspotted catshark and Nursehound) in Valletta, Malta in 2014. Here, catsharks are landed in whole, whereas in many other Mediterranean countries sharks are already eviscerated when brought ashore. Saving egg cases bears the grateful opportunity to rescue shark embryos and this then helps again to restore fish stocks. The common work flow of fishermen is to throw away the egg cases when eviscerating the shark and so the embryos were left in the bin to die. To apply a non-invasive method is very important at fish markets where sharks are landed in one piece as fish brokers do not tolerate many dissections. So, our goal was to detect pregnant females with maximum accuracy and dissect only females with egg cases inside. Formerly, the common method used by members of Sharklab-Malta was to dissect females more or less randomly based on only two parameters (i) a total length above 40cm and (ii) a relatively corpulent body shape. This was not effective as many females were dissected without containing egg cases. This led to the more problematic fact that pregnant individuals were not found and so their offspring died in the end. The basic concept in our newly tested method is based on using a fixed touching pattern which allows to screen the belly of all females available simply by hand. To screen one female only 2 seconds are needed, and this works surprisingly well. We called this method “gotIt” simply because we got all available egg cases and could save all embryos. A validation underpinned the success and showed that gotIt works with 100% accuracy. After rescuing the egg cases they were transported to an aquarium. Egg cases were attached to a lanyard by their tendrils and left for development in the tank for 3-6 months (depending on their initial developmental stage at the fish market) at a water temperature of 15-19°C. After hatching, sharks were fed with squid and released into the sea. The number of rescued embryos arose significantly from five to above hundreds of shark pups which were saved and released by applying gotIt. Additionally, fishermen can be encouraged to use this method, as awareness programs can be promoted to encourage consumption of this sustainable fish, which can therefore increase the marketable prices. Widely applied, gotIt can help to preserve oviparous shark populations at fish markets where sharks are landed whole.
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Mikhailov, Kirill Andreevich, Semen Grigorievich Kazantsev, Vladimir Vasilievich Terebnev e Denis Viacheslavovich Tarakanov. "A model of visual fire detection in textile production buildings during exploration by gas and smoke protection service units". Technology of technosphere safety, n. 99 (2023): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2023.1.99.82-91.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. This study analyzed a model of visual fire detection in textile production buildings. It was found that the search performance used in the calculation is a constant. However, in the case of search by reconnaissance teams without monitoring equipment, the search performance decreases with an increase in the smoke cover of the premises. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to improve the model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in buildings by gas and smoke rescue squads, taking into account the change of search performance of search teams. The aim of the investigation is to develop a mathematical model of estimation of probability (efficiency) of visual fire detection in the buildings of textile productions. Methods. To achieve the purpose of the study, we used methods of scientific knowledge: analysis, mathematical logic. To describe the process of search of source of a fire we have used a mathematical model of the type "birth-death". Results and discussion. The result of the lead research is the modified model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in a building of textile manufactures. The analytical solution of the "birth-death" model is received, provided that the search (breeding) performance is a function of the death rate, that is, decreases over time from the maximum value to a minimum, and it is found that the law of decreasing performance search is not linear. On the basis of the received data, it has become possible to determine time of search of fire origin with the set probability of visual detection for cases of change of optical properties in a zone of search. A comparison of modeling results with original and modified models has been made. The results obtained can be used when planning actions of fire-fighting subdivisions on extinguishing fires in buildings of textile productions, and also when determining an order of equipping subdivisions with breathing apparatuses and monitoring means. Conclusions. A modification of the model of estimation of probability of visual fire detection in the buildings of textile manufactures has been made. The result received extends the area of application of the given methodology in practical work of fire protection divisions at the organization of fire focuses' reconnaissance. Keywords: fire search; monitoring tools; textile production; probability of visual detection; fire and rescue units.
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Miyabayashi, Masayo, e Chikako Nakamura. "The True Intention of Rescue Squads in Terms of the CPA Transportation of Cancer Patients in the Terminal Phase of the Disease Who Make a DNAR Order". Palliative Care Research 14, n. 2 (2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2512/jspm.14.67.
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Su, Mingzhan, Guangxia Wang, Lingyu Chen e Xin Zhang. "An IndoorGeoBML Model Based IORP Algorithm for Indoor Operation". Sustainability 14, n. 10 (10 maggio 2022): 5760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105760.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Indoor military operations play a vital part in modern urban warfare. Decision making in indoor operations is quite complicated due to the complex of the indoor spatial environment. However, the study of the characteristics and features of indoor operations is scarce. To help commanders make decisions in indoor operations, a model to represent the information of the building and an algorithm to perform route planning is needed. There have been some studies in the field of search and rescue problems, but these did not study the enemy force, which has a lot of uncertainties and plays a vital role in indoor operations. To solve this problem, this paper first proposes an innovative IndoorGeoBML (Indoor Geospatial Battle Management Language) model to accurately describe the indoor environment. We define six categories of information in IndoorGeoBML model: geometry information, navigation information, semantic information, outdoor information, intelligence information, and event information, which accurately, dynamically, and comprehensively describe the environment in the building. Then based on the IndoorGeoBML model, this paper researches the route planning in indoor operations. There are two types of indoor route planning problems. One is single destination route planning, the other is a searching route planning, which needs to plan paths to search the whole building. To deal with these two kinds of route planning problems, based on IndoorGeoBML model, this paper introduces a new algorithm: the IORP (Indoor Operation Route Planning) algorithm. Finally, this paper implements some experiments on a building with IORP algorithm dealing with the two kinds of route planning problems. For single destination route planning, the result shows that the enemy capability, traversing time, and own casualties of our proposed algorithm are 779.2, 801, and 12.5, which is at least 9.9%, 9.2%, and 7.5% lower compared to other algorithms. For searching route planning, the result shows that the whole time for searching decreases from 3044 s to 2673 s, and the number of squads decreases from 8 to 5. The evaluation of the model and algorithm shows a significant improvement in time and casualties, which will help commanders make better decision in indoor operation.
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Bronstein, Arturo. "Labour Law in Latin America: Some Recent (and not so Recent) Trends". International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 26, Issue 1 (1 marzo 2010): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2010003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper provides a survey of developments in Latin America labour law and industrial relations over the last twenty-five years, while noting that Latin America is far from homogeneous. Whereas the erosion of labour law protection during the neo-liberal market reforms was a significant pattern in countries such as Colombia, Chile (under Pinochet), Peru (under Fujimori) or Argentina (under Menem), a number of other countries, including the Dominican Republic, El Salvador or Venezuela have strengthened labour-friendly law. The paper highlights the fact that the state grip on trade union activity has diminished in countries like Brazil and Chile, but not in Argentina and Mexico. The paper analyses the labour law changes in the transition to democracy in a number of countries, particularly Chile. The author notes that the scope of labour law has narrowed, with an increasing number of workers in non-wage forms of employment without social security, totalling 40% in the region as a whole, with peaks of 80% in Ecuador and Peru. Unionization rates are low, as exemplified in the case of Chile, where despite the return to democracy less than 15% of wage-earning workers are unionized. In most Latin American countries trade unions are enterprise-based with the notable exceptions of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. The situation is worse in countries with endemic violence like Colombia or Guatemala, where trade union activists risk assassination by death squads. This explains the high number of complaints lodged with the International Labour Organization (ILO) Committee on Freedom of Association, as workers cannot reasonably expect their trade union rights to be enforced by the local authorities.
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DeSisto, Marco, Jillian Cavanagh e Timothy Bartram. "Bushfire investigations in Australia". Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2019): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-07-2018-0270.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of collective leadership in emergency management organisations. More specifically, the authors investigate the conditions that enable or prevent collective leadership amongst key actors in the emergency management network in bushfire investigations. We also examine how chief investigators facilitate the conditions to effectively distribute leadership and the role of social networks within this process. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study approach was undertaken, and 18 semi-structured interviews were carried out with chief investigators, 6 at each of three agencies in Australia. A framework for understanding collective leadership (Friedrich et al., 2016) was used to examine key leadership constructs, baseline leadership and outcomes relative to bushfire investigations. Findings Findings demonstrate that there is no evidence of collective leadership at the network level of bushfire investigations. There is mixed evidence of collective leadership within bushfire investigation departments, with the Arson Squad being the only government agency to engage in collective leadership. The authors found evidence that government bureaucracy and mandated protocols inhibited the ability of formal leaders to distribute leadership, gauge a clear understanding of the level of skill and expertise amongst chief investigators and poor communication that inhibited knowledge of investigations. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to three bushfire investigative agencies. A future study will be carried out with other stakeholders, such as fire investigators and firefighters in the field. Practical implications For the government, emergency management agencies and other stakeholders, a key enabler of collective leadership within the emergency management network is the presence of a formal leader within a network. That leader has the authority and political ability to distribute leadership to other experts. Social implications The paper contributes to developing a better understanding of the efficacy and challenges associated with the application of collective leadership theory in a complex government bureaucracy. There are positive implications for the safety of firefighters, the protection of the broader community, their properties and livestock. Originality/value The authors address the lack of literature on effective leadership processes amongst emergency management agencies. The paper contributes to extending collective leadership theory by unpacking the processes through which leadership is distributed to team members and the role of institutions (i.e. fire investigation bureaucracy) on social networks within this integrative process. The authors provide new insights into the practice of collective leadership in complex bureaucratic organisations.
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Kriswandana, Ferry, Hadi Suryono, Demes Nurmayanti e Marlik Marlik. "Upaya Pembangunan Jamban Sehat Keluarga Melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Mewujudkan Desa Sawahan Kecamatan Watulimo Kabupaten Trenggalek Menuju Open Defecation Free". Sasambo: Jurnal Abdimas (Journal of Community Service) 4, n. 4 (1 novembre 2022): 558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/sasambo.v4i4.839.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tujuan kegitan PKM ini adalah untuk memperbaiki jamban dan membangun septic tank menjadi fasilitas kamar mandi dan jamban yang sehat. Selain itu juga melakukan upaya peningkatan pengetahuan dan motivasi masyarakat melalui edukasi tentang PHBS khususnya tentang jamban sehat dan pengelolaan sampah di desa tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan melakukan survey lokasi mengidentifikasi permasalahan jamban dan pengelolaan sampah, menyusun rumusan masalah, melakukan koordinasi dengan pihak Desa Sawahan untuk membuat perencanaan, melakukan intervensi pembangunan jamban dan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat, menyusun laporan kegiatan, dan mengevaluasi hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dibangunnya dua unit jamban dengan kloset duduk, dua jamban dengan kloset jongkok, satu unit septic tank dan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 53% setelah dilakukan penyuluhan Direkomendasikan kepada masyarakat untuk melakukan perawatan jamban sebagai tindak lanjut menjaga kondisi jamban sehat yang sudah ada, serta melaksanakan pengelolaan sampah sehat pada tingkat keluarga masing-masing. Development of Healthy Latrine Through Community Empowerment in Realizing the Sawahan Tourism Village, Watulimo District, Trenggalek Regency Towards Open Defecation Free The aim of this PKM activity is to repair latrines and build septic tanks into healthy bathroom and latrines facilities. Apart from that, efforts are also made to increase the knowledge and motivation of the community through education about PHBS, especially about healthy latrines and waste management in the village. Community service activities by conducting site surveys identifying latrine problems and waste management, compiling problem formulations, coordinating with the Sawahan Village to make plans, intervening in latrine development and outreach to the community, compiling activity reports, and evaluating the results of activity implementation. The results of this community service activity were the construction of two units of latrines with sitting toilets, two latrines with squat toilets, one unit of septic tank and an increase in knowledge of 53% after counseling. exist, as well as carry out healthy waste management at the level of each family
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Yurina, A., e L. Kochenkova. "PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES OF THE EMERGENCY RESCUE SQUAD". EurasianUnionScientists, 22 novembre 2021, 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2021.1.91.1496.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the article the authors analyze the theoretical approaches to the concept of "psychological preparation"; highlight the features of the organization and the content of psychological training of employees of the rescue squad. The results of the study on the implementation of the program of psychological training of employees of the emergency rescue squad "We are professionals in our field" are presented.
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Lu, Pan-pan, Chen Zhong, Hong-wei Zhao, Fu-yong Li, Xiao-fan Wang, Xiu-qi Wang, Hui-chao Yan e Chun-qi Gao. "The amino acid sensor MetRS is required for methionine-induced milk protein synthesis in a domestic pigeon model". British Journal of Nutrition, 3 giugno 2024, 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114524001181.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This study was conducted to investigate whether methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) is a mediator of Met-induced crop milk protein synthesis via the janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signalling pathway in breeding pigeons. In Experiment 1, a total of 216 pairs of breeding pigeons were divided into 3 groups (control, Met-deficient, and Met-rescue groups). In Experiments 2 and 3, forty pairs of breeding pigeons from each experiment were allocated into 4 groups. The 2nd experiment included a control group and 3 MetRS inhibitor (REP8839) groups. The 3rd experiment included a Met-deficient group, Met-sufficient group, REP8839 + Met-deficient group, and REP8839 + Met-sufficient group. Experiment 1 showed that Met supplementation increased crop development, crop milk protein synthesis, the protein expression of MetRS and JAK2/STAT5 signalling pathway, and improved squab growth. Experiment 2 showed that crop development, crop milk protein synthesis, and the protein expression of MetRS and the JAK2/STAT5 signalling pathway were decreased, and squab growth was inhibited by the injection of 1.0 mg/kg BW REP8839, which was the selected dose for the 3rd experiment. These results showed that Met supplementation increased crop development, crop milk protein synthesis, and the expression of MetRS and JAK2/STAT5 signalling pathway and rescued squab growth after the injection of REP8839. Moreover, the Co-IP results showed that there was an interaction between MetRS and JAK2. Taken together, these findings indicate that MetRS mediates Met-induced crop milk protein synthesis via the JAK2/STAT5 signalling pathway, resulting in improved squab growth in breeding pigeons.
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"Design and Development of Forest Fire Detecting Drone". International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, n. 4S2 (31 dicembre 2019): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d1074.1284s219.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The proposed research work describes a novel fire detecting drone for forest fires. The fire detecting drone helps the fire rescue officers to detect the fire and navigate it. The normal drone is in general high cost and complicated to operate. The proposed drone designed and developed in this work is economical and simple in operation. The weight of the novel drone is also comparatively less than the normal drone. Thermal imaging camera detects the fire and transmits the data to the rescue officer. GPS module sent the exact location of the fired place to the officer. The viewing angle of normal drone camera is about 50°. But the proposed drone provides up to 170° wide angle. When the drone fly’s over the fired area, the camera streams the live situation of the fired to the smart phone through Wi-Fi. Then the location of the affected area is transmitted to the smart phone through GPS module. Then the drone drop CO2 bomb on the fire, which reduce the fire spreading. Then the rescue squad takes charge for the final fire extinguishing.
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Ermakov, Ilya. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF VOLUNTARY RESCUE SQUADS SYSTEM FORMATION ON THE BASE OF COMMUNITIES IN ARMENIA". Crisis Management and Technologies, 2024, 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.61746/18292984-2024.1-191.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article examines the historical data on the formation activities of volunteer rescue teams/squads in various countries. It considers the long-term experience, traditions, and specific actions taken during emergency situations in these countries, as well as the activities of the international community in this field. By presenting specific information about Armenia, the article attempts to identify opportunities for establishing a similar volunteer movement in Armenia.
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Elias, Lynda, Genevieve Maiden, Julie Manger e Patricia Reyes. "Teaming up for more comprehensive care: case study of the Geriatric flying squad and emergency responders (Ambulance, Police, Fire and Rescue)". Journal of Integrated Care ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (22 settembre 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-05-2021-0025.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development, implementation and initial evaluation of the Geriatric Flying Squad's reciprocal referral pathways with emergency responders including New South Wales Ambulance, Police and Fire and Rescue. These innovative pathways and model of care were developed to improve access to multidisciplinary services for vulnerable community dwelling frail older people with the intent of improving health and quality of life outcomes by providing an alternative to hospital admission.Design/methodology/approachThis is a case study describing the review of the Geriatric Flying Squad's referral database and quality improvement initiative to streamline referrals amongst the various emergency responders in the local health district. The implementation and initial evaluation of the project through online survey are further described.FindingsSustainable cross-sector collaboration can be achieved through building reciprocal pathways between an existing rapid response geriatric outreach service and emergency responders including Ambulance, Police, Fire and Rescue. Historically, emergency services would have transferred this group to the emergency department. These pathways exemplify person-centred care, underpinned by a multidisciplinary, rapid response team, providing an alternative referral pathway for first responders, with the aim of improving whole of health outcomes for frail older people.Practical implicationsEnablers of these pathways include a single point of contact for agencies, extended hours to support referral pathways, education to increase capacity and awareness, comprehensive and timely comprehensive assessment and ongoing case management where required and contemporaneous cross-sector collaboration to meet the medical and psychosocial needs of the client.Originality/valueThe Geriatric Flying Squad reciprocal pathways are a unique model of care with a multi-agency approach to addressing frail older people's whole of health needs.
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"The Mental and Emotional Tool Kit for Life – A Way to Give Psychology Away. Education that Can be Therapeutic. An Ounce of Prevention Worth Many Pounds of Cure". International Journal of Psychiatry 4, n. 1 (28 gennaio 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/ijp.04.01.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I taught health education at the high school level for 33 years. It was my job to try to help my students prevent and avoid all those common problems and issues young people so often struggle with. I learned very early that the way we typically teach health education, by dispensing helpful information and advice, was never going to be as effective as I would like it to be. Actually, I learned this much earlier in my own family watching loved ones behave in ways they knew were unhealthy for them even when they knew better, or even after having suffered because they did. I was a volunteer paramedic on our local rescue squad for many of my early years as a teacher. I will always remember responding to an alcohol overdose call and finding a young female student I had in class to be the victim – a student who I knew had aced all our quizzes and tests in our alcohol unit. There was also another young female who I knew had aced our quizzes and tests in the sex education portion of the class, and who went on to be our school’s valedictorian, who had an unplanned pregnancy.