Tesi sul tema "Résonance lower-Hybrid du plasma"
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Peillon, Etienne. "Simulation and analysis of sign-changing Maxwell’s equations in cold plasma". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE004.
Testo completoNowadays, plasmas are mainly used for industrial purpose. One of the most frequently cited examples of industrial use is electric energy production via fusion nuclear reactors. Then, in order to contain plasma properly inside the reactor, a background magnetic field is imposed, and the density and temperature of the plasma must be precisely controlled. This is done by sending electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies and directions depending on the characteristics of the plasma.The first part of this PhD thesis consists in the study of the model of plasma in a strong background magnetic field, which corresponds to a hyperbolic metamaterial. The objective is to extend the existing results in 2D to the 3D-case and to derive a radiation condition. We introduce a splitting of the electric and magnetic fields resembling the usual TE and TM decomposition, then, it gives some results on the two resulting problems. The results are in a very partial state, and constitute a rough draft on the subject.The second part consists in the study of the degenerate PDE associated to the lower-hybrid resonant waves in plasma. The associated boundary-value problem is well-posed within a ``natural'' variational framework. However, this framework does not include the singular behavior presented by the physical solutions obtained via the limiting absorption principle. Notice that this singular behavior is important from the physical point of view since it induces the plasma heating mentioned before. One of the key results of this second part is the definition of a notion of weak jump through the interface inside the domain, which allows to characterize the decomposition of the limiting absorption solution into a regular and a singular parts
Norgren, Cecilia. "Lower hybrid drift wave properties in space". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160438.
Testo completoTjulin, Anders. "Waves in space plasmas : Lower hybrid cavities and simple-pole distribution functions". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3527.
Testo completoBaek, Seung Gyou. "Detection of lower hybrid waves at the plasma edge of a diverted tokamak". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87487.
Testo completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 195-204).
In this thesis, two experimental investigations are presented in an attempt to understand the loss of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) efficiency in reactor-relevant, high-density plasmas on the diverted Alcator C-Mod tokamak. While the previous work has identified that edge interactions, such as collisional absorption and excessive up-shift of the parallel refractive index due to full-wave effects, could potentially explain the observed loss of LHCD efficiency in a wide range of line-averaged densities, these simulations still over-predict the fast electron population generated by LHCD above line-averaged densities of 1 x 10²⁰ m- ³. It is critical to identify remaining mechanisms in order to demonstrate advanced tokamak operation at reactor-relevant densities. The first investigation is to perform microwave backscattering experiments to detect electrostatic lower hybrid (LH) waves in the scrape-off layer (SOL), where a significant amount of the injected LH power may be deposited due to a number edge loss mechanisms. An existing ordinary-mode (O-mode) reflectometer system has been modified to measure the backscattered O-mode wave as a result of Bragg backscattering of the incident O-mode wave off the LH wave. The detection of LH waves in a region that is not magnetically connected to the launcher implies a weak single pass absorption of LH waves in high density plasmas. The observed spectral width of the backscattered signals indicates the presence of non-linear effects on the propagation of LH waves, but no experimental evidence is found to confirm whether the non-linear mechanism that is responsible for the observed spectral broadening is responsible for the observed loss of LHCD efficiency. The second investigation is to examine the change in LH frequency spectra due to density-dependent non-linear effects, such as parametric decay instability (PDI) above the line-averaged density of 1 x 10²⁰ m-³, using the probes installed on the launcher, outer divertor, and inner wall. Ion cyclotron PDI is found to be excited above line-averaged densities of 1 x 10²⁰ m -³, suggesting that ion cyclotron PDI may be a remaining mechanism to understand the loss of LHCD efficiency. Ion cyclotron PDI is observed to be excited not only at the low-field-side edge but also at the high-field-side (HFS) edge of Alcator C-Mod, further corroborating that LH waves are weakly absorbed on their first pass. Evidence of pump depletion is found with the onset of ion cyclotron PDI at the HFS edge in lower-single-null plasmas. However, no apparent pump depletion is seen when the magnetic geometry is switched to an upper-single-null. Moreover, ion cyclotron PDI is excited at the LFS edge in this case. Thus, the role of the observed ion cyclotron PDI on the loss of LHCD efficiency needs further experimental investigation to be conclusive due to the different ion cyclotron PDI strength and excitation location, depending on magnetic configurations. A summary of the new findings of this thesis is as follows: First measurements of PDI below the classical threshold (wo/wLH(0) ~~ 2). First ever observation of PDI on HFS of a tokamak and its relationship to being in a multi-pass damping regime. " Advancement of PDI as a candidate mechanism for the LHCD density limit.
by Seung Gyou Baek.
Ph. D.
Colborn, Jeffrey Alan. "Current-drive and plasma-formation experiments on the Versator-II tokamak using lower-hybrid and electron-cyclotron waves". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12852.
Testo completoIncludes bibliographical references (p. 229-235).
by Jeffrey Alan Colborn.
Ph.D.
Helou, Walid. "Design and operation of antennas at the ion cyclotron and lower hybrid range of frequencies for nuclear fusion reactors". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0395.
Testo completoThe thesis provides at first a brief introduction to magnetic nuclear fusion and tokamaks. It explains the need for auxiliary plasma heating and current-drive electromagnetic systems at the Ion Cyclotron and Lower Hybrid Range of Frequencies (ICRF and LHRF). The thesis then sets antenna specifications that allow satisfying proper plasma wave propagation and proper wave-particle resonance. The Radio Frequency (RF) network solver SIDON developed for this thesis is then presented. The thesis then discusses the different types of ICRF antennas and details the challenges of the impedance matching in ICRF arrays of straps. WEST ICRF launchers are discussed in great detail and simulations of impedance matching scenarios for these launchers using SIDON are reported. The thesis reports on the low-power (milliwatt range) testbed that has been developed for WEST ICRF launchers, as well as the low-power tests of the first one among them. Furthermore, high power (megawatt range) experiments on plasma with the JET ICRF ITER-Like Antenna are reported. The thesis then provides an overview about existing LHRF antennas and discusses the numerical modeling of the coupling of waveguide phased arrays to the plasma. The RF design of ASTARTE-LP and its feeding circuit is discussed. ASTARTE-LP is a low-power (milliwatt range) prototype LHRF antenna based on the Slotted Waveguide Antenna concept that has been designed and built to perform proof of principle experiments on the COMPASS tokamak. The experimental validation of ASTARTE-LP and its feeding circuit before the experiments on COMPASS, as well as the experiments performed on COMPASS plasmas are reported
Helou, Walid. "Design and operation of antennas at the ion cyclotron and lower hybrid range of frequencies for nuclear fusion reactors". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0395/document.
Testo completoThe thesis provides at first a brief introduction to magnetic nuclear fusion and tokamaks. It explains the need for auxiliary plasma heating and current-drive electromagnetic systems at the Ion Cyclotron and Lower Hybrid Range of Frequencies (ICRF and LHRF). The thesis then sets antenna specifications that allow satisfying proper plasma wave propagation and proper wave-particle resonance. The Radio Frequency (RF) network solver SIDON developed for this thesis is then presented. The thesis then discusses the different types of ICRF antennas and details the challenges of the impedance matching in ICRF arrays of straps. WEST ICRF launchers are discussed in great detail and simulations of impedance matching scenarios for these launchers using SIDON are reported. The thesis reports on the low-power (milliwatt range) testbed that has been developed for WEST ICRF launchers, as well as the low-power tests of the first one among them. Furthermore, high power (megawatt range) experiments on plasma with the JET ICRF ITER-Like Antenna are reported. The thesis then provides an overview about existing LHRF antennas and discusses the numerical modeling of the coupling of waveguide phased arrays to the plasma. The RF design of ASTARTE-LP and its feeding circuit is discussed. ASTARTE-LP is a low-power (milliwatt range) prototype LHRF antenna based on the Slotted Waveguide Antenna concept that has been designed and built to perform proof of principle experiments on the COMPASS tokamak. The experimental validation of ASTARTE-LP and its feeding circuit before the experiments on COMPASS, as well as the experiments performed on COMPASS plasmas are reported
Hall, Jan-Ove. "Interaction between Electromagnetic Waves and Localized Plasma Oscillations". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4282.
Testo completoNicolopoulos-Salle, Anouk. "Formulations variationnelles d'équations de Maxwell résonantes et problèmes aux coins en propagation d'ondes". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS276.
Testo completoIn 1st part, variational formulations associated with resonant Maxwell equations are constructed. The equations degenerate in the domain, leading to the non-unicity and singularity of the solutions. Adding viscosity desingularizes the equations, and a limiting absorption process, when this viscosity parameter goes to zero, allows to identify the physical solution. The degeneracy separates the problem at the limit into two equations on different domains coupled by their interface, along which the solutions blow up. This work explicitly characterizes the limit solution as a solution of a well-posed formulation, which allows the numerical approximation of the physical solution to the resonant Maxwell equations. The study is motivated by the modeling of hybrid resonances in fusion plasma. A 2nd part concerns numerical domain decomposition methods (DDM). In the presence of corners and cross points, when using an automatic mesher for example, it is necessary to treat these points to obtain absorption (ABC) or transmission (TC) conditions of order higher than 1. We define ABCs of order 2 for the Helmholtz equation on a polygonal domain, with the further intention of deriving TCs treating cross points. Each algorithm presented is endowed with a decreasing energy and is convergent
Wang, Shaojun. "Strong light-molecule coupling : routes to new hybrid materials". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF038/document.
Testo completoOver the past 15 years, light-matter strong coupling involving organic materials has been of increasing interest due to the very large energy splitting such systems exhibit between the two hybrid light-matter states, also known as the polaritonic states typically denoted P+ and P-. The large energy splitting, so-called Rabi splitting, is the result of the high transition dipole moments of the molecules and the small mode volumes of micro-metallic Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavities or surface plasmons used in these studies. Rabi-splittings -1 eV have been observed, often representing a significant fraction of the electronic transition energy in which case the system is said to be in the ultra-strong coupling regime. ln this regime the physical chemistry of molecules or the properties of materials of the coupied system should be modified. lndeed, it has already been shown to affect the relaxation pathways in the coupled system, the rates of photochemical reactions, thework-function and conductivity of organic-semiconductors in the dark, among other things. A recent thermodynamic study demonstrated that the ground state energy can also be shifted in theultra-strong coupling regime. Moreover, the strong coupling is not limited to electronic transitions, but also can be used to perturb the ground-state vibrations of molecules in the infrared region. Ali these results suggest that light-molecule strong coupling has much potential for material and molecular science and therefore merits further study
Sarkar, Mitradeep. "Hybrid surface plasmon modes in metallic nanostructures : Theory, numerical analysis and application to bio-sensing". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS251/document.
Testo completoThe surface plasmons on metallic surfaces are excited by the collective oscillations of free electrons. They satisfy certain resonance conditions and their dispersion can be considered as modes of the system. The plasmons at uniform metal-dielectric interfaces manifest as evanescent electromagnetic (EM) fields confined to a few hundreds of nanometers from the metallic surface and propagate along the interface. This mode is called the Propagating surface plasmon (PSP) and is a fundamental plasmonic mode. The other fundamental modes, which are non-propagative, results from collective oscillations of free electrons on curved surfaces of metallic nano-particles. They are called localized surface plasmon (LSP) modes. We have shown that the polarizability of complex geometries with an underlying substrate can be calculated analytically and the results obtained closely approximate the resonance conditions for such geometries.In this work, various other plasmonic modes originating from the two fundamental modes were studied in details and described by their corresponding analytical formulation. In a binary metallic arrays on glass substrate, plasmonic modes are excited by diffraction orders, called the Wood-Rayleigh modes (WRM). In metallic strips the PSP is confined by the finite edges of the strips and propagate along the length of the strips, called the confined propagating plasmons (CPP).For arrays of metallic nano-particles on a metallic film, the Bragg modes (BM) are excited by diffraction of the PSP. In such structures the LSP of the nano-particles and the PSP of the film can undergo a harmonic coupling to give rise to the hybrid lattice plasmon (HLP). The characteristics of the HLP mode for an array of metallic nano-cylinders on a metallic film is presented in details.The effect of the surrounding medium on the plasmonic modes is used in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detectors which probe the shift in resonance condition of the modes. Such shift is dependent on the intrinsic dispersion of the modes. The aim of this work is to optimize the SPR detectors for affinity biosensing where probe and analyte molecules are bound to the metallic surface. We have shown that by selective functionalization of the metallic biochip surface, an enhancement of the performance of such detection can be achieved in terms of the amount of analyte used. Also the near field enhancement plays a major role in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We have shown that the presence of certain modes in the system can enhance the recorded SERS intensity.Rigorous numerical methods, adapted to the particular geometry under study, were developed to compute the near and far field characteristics of different structures. The experimental excitation of the modes and their application in SPR detection was demonstrated using a setup based on a spectral scanning modality operating in the Kretschmann configuration. The various structures were fabricated on a biochip using e-beam lithography at IEF, University Paris Sud and the reflectivity dispersion from the biochip was recorded. Such experimental results were shown to be in close agreement with the theoretical results. SERS experiments were carried out in collaboration with CSPBAT at University Paris 13 and the results were seen to fit closely the theoretically predicted trends.Such detailed description of plasmonic modes can offer a complete understanding of the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon in metallic structures and be optimized as per required for various applications. The theories presented in this work can be used to effectively describe the EM properties of different geometries and experimental configurations. From a comprehensive representation of plasmonic modes, different aspects of the photon-plasmon interactions can thus be elucidated
Preynas, Melanie. "Etude du couplage linéaire et non-linéaire de l' onde hybride basse aux plasmas de Tokamaks". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4060.
Testo completoIn order to achieve long pulse operation with a tokamak, additional heating and current drive systems are necessary. High frequency antennas, which deliver several megawatts of power to the plasma, are currently used in several tokamaks. Moreover, a good control of the coupling of the wave launched by the antenna to the edge plasma is required to optimize the efficiency of heating and current drive LH systems. However, non-linear effects which depend on the level of injected power in the plasma strongly damage the coupling of the LH wave at particular edge parameters (density and temperature profiles). Results presented in the manuscript deal with the study of the linear and non-linear coupling of the LH wave to the plasma. In the framework of the commissioning of the Passive Active Multijunction antenna in 2009 on the Tore Supra tokamak aiming at validating the LH system suggested for ITER, the characterisation of its coupling properties was realized from low power experiments. The experimental results, which are compared with the linear coupling code ALOHA, have valided the theoretical predictions of good coupling at edge plasma density around the cut-off density. Besides, the ponderomotive effect is clearly identified as responsible for the deterioration in the coupling of the wave, which is measured under particular edge plasma conditions. A theoretical model combining the coupling of the LH wave with the ponderomotive force is suggested to explain the experimental observations
Girard, Alain. "Etude de l'émission cyclotronique électronique d'un plasma de tokamak au cours de l'interaction onde-électrons au voisinage de la fréquence hybride inférieure". Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10120.
Testo completoVallet, Jean-Claude. "Etude de l'activité M. H. D. D'un plasma de tokamak en régime de génération de courant par une onde à la fréquence hybride inférieure". Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10096.
Testo completoKhoi, Nguyen Trong. "Couplage d'ondes pour le chauffage des plasmas à la fréquence hybride basse". Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0016.
Testo completoGUPTA, RAJESH. "STUDIES OF ALFVEN AND LOWER HYBRID WAVES IN PLASMA AND COMPLEX PLASMA". Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/20501.
Testo completoPraburam, G. "Parametric instabilities of lower-hybrid waves in a Beam-plasma system". Thesis, 1989. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/4073.
Testo completo