Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: Reservoir concept.
Articoli di riviste sul tema "Reservoir concept"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 articoli di riviste per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Reservoir concept".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi gli articoli di riviste di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
1
Yu, Da-jin, Zhengwei Zou e Jin Li. "Evaluation of reservoir management modernization under the concept of coordinated development". Water Supply 20, n. 8 (3 agosto 2020): 3697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.175.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The modernization of reservoir management is of great significance to the coordinated development of the region. There are many factors affecting the modernization of reservoir management, and there is a certain degree of ambiguity, randomness and uncertainty among the factors. It is difficult to evaluate the modernization of reservoir management comprehensively by traditional methods. This study first studies the connotation of reservoir management modernization under the concept of coordinated development; that is, securitization, economization, scientificalization and greenization. On this basis, a modernization evaluation system and AHP-Fuzzy evaluation model for reservoir management are constructed. Then, an empirical study is conducted with six large reservoirs in Jiangxi Province of China. The results show that the modernization level of large-scale reservoir management in Jiangxi Province is generally above the middle level, and the economic management and engineering management level of some reservoirs is relatively low, resulting in a low scientific and economic level of reservoir management, which is a key factor restricting the process of reservoir management modernization.
2
Yuan, Bin, Zhenzihao Zhang e Christopher R. Clarkson. "Improved Distance-of-Investigation Model for Rate-Transient Analysis in a Heterogeneous Unconventional Reservoir With Nonstatic Properties". SPE Journal 24, n. 05 (2 luglio 2019): 2362–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/191698-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary The concept of distance of investigation (DOI) has been widely applied in rate– and pressure–transient analysis for estimating reservoir properties and for optimizing hydraulic fracturing. Despite its successful application in conventional reservoirs, significant errors arise when extending the concept to unconventional reservoirs. This work aims to clearly demonstrate such errors when using the traditional square–root–of–time model for DOI calculations in unconventional reservoirs, and to develop new models to improve the DOI calculations. In this work, the following mechanisms in unconventional reservoirs are first incorporated into the calculation of DOI: (1) pressure–dependency of rock and fluid properties; (2) continuous/discontinuous spatial variation of reservoir properties. To achieve this, pseudopressure, pseudotime, and pseudodistance are introduced to linearize the diffusivity equation. Two novel methods are developed for calculating DOI: one using the concept of continuous succession of steady states, and the other using the concept of dynamic drainage area (DDA). Both models are verified using a series of fine–grid numerical simulations. A production–data–analysis workflow using the new DOI models is proposed to analytically characterize reservoir heterogeneity and fracture properties. The new DOI models compensate for the inability of the traditional square–root–of–time model to capture spatial and temporal variations of reservoir and fluid properties. The pressure–dependency of fluids and reservoirs (i.e., fluid density, fluid viscosity, rock permeability, and rock porosity) and reservoir heterogeneities (i.e., deterioration of reservoir quality from the primary fracture to the reservoir) can significantly retard the propagation of the DOI. Another important outcome of this work is to provide a practical and analytical approach to directly estimate the spatial heterogeneity from the production history of field cases.
3
Sass, Ingo, e Annette E. Götz. "Geothermal reservoir characterization: a thermofacies concept". Terra Nova 24, n. 2 (28 gennaio 2012): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2011.01048.x.
Testo completo
4
Baumgartner, M. T., G. Baumgartner e L. C. Gomes. "Spatial and temporal variations in fish assemblage: testing the zonation concept in small reservoirs". Brazilian Journal of Biology 78, n. 3 (7 dicembre 2017): 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.170424.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Large reservoirs usually present spatial gradients in fish assemblage, distinguishing three strata (littoral, pelagic, and bathypelagic) along the vertical and horizontal axes, and three zones (fluvial, transitional, and lacustrine) along the longitudinal axis. The main objective of this study was to assess if small reservoirs also present the spatial gradients in fish assemblage attributes and structure as already observed in large reservoirs. Fish surveys were conducted quarterly, from 2003 to 2008, in the Mourão Reservoir (Mourão River, Paraná, Brazil), using gillnets with different mesh sizes, arranged in all strata of all three zones. Community attributes (species richness and evenness) were calculated for each sample, and differences were tested using three-way ANOVA (factors: zone, strata, year). Community composition was summarized using Correspondence Analysis (CA) and differences were tested with three-way ANOVA for each axis, controlling the same three factors. Because of the high variability in reservoir water level through time, all analyses were made considering temporal variations. Species richness presented a decreasing trend from fluvial to lacustrine zones, and higher values in littoral strata, possibly because upper reaches and littoral regions provide better conditions for fish to feed and to reproduce. Evenness was considerably low, presenting high variability, and no evident pattern. The expected longitudinal gradient was not found in this study indicating longitudinal similarity, contrary to observed in large reservoirs. Vertical and horizontal gradients were observed in all sampling stations, indicating that abiotic and biotic conditions are influencing fish distributions within the reservoir.
5
O'Dell, Mike, e Edwin Lamers. "Subsurface Uncertainty Management and Development Optimization in the Harweel Cluster, South Oman". SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 8, n. 02 (1 aprile 2005): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/89110-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary In the past 5 years, there has been a string of exploration successes in discovering some 350 million m3 (2 billion bbl) of oil in the Harweel Clusterin south Oman. This oil is deep, under high pressure, and comes with a high gas/oil ratio (GOR), and the fluids contain 15% CO2 and 5% H2S. Of the nine Precambrian carbonate reservoirs, six are lithostatically pressured, and three are hydrostatic. The Harweel Cluster is more than 70 km from existing infrastructure. If gas can be reinjected, miscible displacement is expected in many of the reservoirs. The Harweel Cluster is one of Oman's major opportunities for "green field" oil development. There is a large degree of subsurface uncertainty in gross rock volume and oil/water contact (OWC), reservoir architecture, faults and fractures and reservoir compartmentalization, degree of dolomitization, permeability level and heterogeneity, fluid properties, and so on. However, little is known about the scale and relative importance of each of these uncertainties. Some uncertainties, such as compositional grading, might turn out to be more important than anticipated when evaluating development options because of nonlinearities and dependencies. Analyzing the effects of all uncertainty combinations in all reservoirs is not a realistic option. Therefore, a structured scenario-based approach has been developed to analyze and assess all potential factors influencing recovery schemes, reserves, and productivity. After evaluating the range of possible values and calculating the impact of each uncertainty, realizations were created to represent the range of possible values in each new reservoir. Field-scale equation-of-state models were used to simulate both primary depletion and gas reinjection. Development scenarios were optimized for each discrete realization. The resulting reservoir models serve as a basis for the development-concept selection and the subsequent field-development plans. Introduction The Harweel Cluster consists of nine reservoirs found in two formations in seven distinct fields. The fields were discovered between 1997 and 2002, and there is an ongoing exploration program in the area. The fields are Dafaq, Ghafeer, Harweel Deep, Rabab, Sakhiya, Sarmad, and Zalzala. The formations areA2C and A3C; these names are abbreviations for Ara Formation cycle 2 and 3Carbonates. All the reservoirs are intra salt carbonate reservoirs. Only Ghafeer and Sakhiya have reservoirs in both formations. These reservoirs are collectively called the Harweel Cluster because they form a cluster of reservoirs, and Harweel Deep was the first reservoir to be discovered. The reservoirs generally have low permeability (1 to 10 md), and they contain a wide range of fluid properties from retrograde gas condensate to black oil with moderate GOR (185 m3/m3). The highest level of the development concept is that they will be developed with a shared central facility. This cost-saving measure has been decided, but more detailed aspects of the development concept are still open for rigorous study, appraisal, and testing. Rigorous study began in2001 after discovery and reserve booking exercises for the individual reservoirs. With only the highest level of the development concept fixed, the study team had to develop an uncertainty-management scheme for evaluation of the cluster. Subsurface uncertainties were organized into 24 categories in eight major groups: gross rock volume, saturation, reservoir architecture, faults and fractures, reservoir properties, pressure/volume/temperature (PVT), relative permeability, compaction, and compressibility. Analyzing the effects of all uncertainty combinations in all reservoirs (more than 1 million permutations for each of the nine reservoirs) is not a realistic option. Therefore, a structured approach is required to analyze and assess all potential factors influencing recovery schemes, reserves, and productivity. A consistent process has been set up to (1) build reservoir models, (2) identify the critical uncertainties, (3) cover the full range of potential subsurface realizations, and (4) optimize the development. These reservoir models serve as a basis for the development concept selection and the subsequent field- and asset-development plans. The scenario-modeling process is illustrated schematically in Fig. 1.
6
Wu, Jun Lai, Yue Tian Liu e Hai Ning Yang. "Parameters Optimization of Stereoscopic Horizontal Well Patterns by Using Numerical Reservoir Simulation". Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (gennaio 2012): 2602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2602.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Well pattern is the most important affecting factor to the ultimate recovery for an oilfield development. Many researches are reported on areal well pattern, which is widely used in conventional reservoirs development such as low permeability reservoirs, heavy oil reservoirs, multi-layer sandstone reservoirs, etc. In this paper, according to the geological characteristics of fractured buried hill reservoir of Liaohe Oilfield, we firstly present the concept of stereoscopic well patterns and compare it with common areal water flooding. By using numerical reservoir simulation method, we design and optimize the parameters of 5-spot stereoscopic horizontal well patterns, including payzone thickness and horizontal well length under different anisotropic factors of fracture permeability. This can be successfully applied on the development of MM block fractured buried hill reservoir of Liaohe Oilfield.
7
Pal, U., A. Belaı̈d e Ch Choisy. "Touching numeral segmentation using water reservoir concept". Pattern Recognition Letters 24, n. 1-3 (gennaio 2003): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(02)00240-4.
Testo completo
8
Bai, Xiangwu, Zhiping Li e Fengpeng Lai. "Optimal Selection Method for Sweet Spots in Low-Permeability Multilayered Reservoirs". Geofluids 2021 (18 gennaio 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6698010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Low-permeability oil reservoirs account for more than two-thirds of China’s proven reserves, and most of them are multilayered; the traditional sweet spots focus on single-layered reservoirs. The sweet spots of low-permeability reservoirs have two meanings: the geologically superior reservoir and the beneficial development of the reservoir. In this study, a concept of reservoir stratification coefficient is proposed to evaluate the characteristics of multilayered reservoirs, and three indicators are proposed, namely, reservoir stratification coefficient, energy storage coefficient, and stratigraphic coefficient, as the indicators of sweet spots of multilayered reservoirs. The three indicators are combined into a single indicator using a weighted approach, and the sweet spots can be identified based on the combined indicator. The Xiliu A area of the North China oilfield was selected for a case study. According to the structural, sedimentary, and reservoir characteristics of the block, combined with the development and production conditions, the Sha 3 Member I oil group was selected as the study object of sweet spots of the low-permeability reservoir. The results show that the reservoir stratification coefficient, energy storage coefficient, and stratigraphic coefficient proposed in this study are effective indicators for the preferential selection of sweet spots, which can reflect the longitudinal heterogeneity, energy storage size, and flow capacity of multilayered reservoirs. After a comparative analysis with actual blocks, it was found that the results obtained using the method are consistent with the actual capacity of the reservoir. The production capacity is high. The evaluation effect is ideal, and the applicability is good. Thus, this study provides a new technical method for the evaluation of similar multilayered reservoirs. The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the development and production conditions and optimization basis of low-permeability reservoirs.
9
Krajewski, Adam, e Anna E. Sikorska-Senoner. "Suspended sediment routing through a small on-stream reservoir based on particle properties". Journal of Soils and Sediments 21, n. 3 (9 gennaio 2021): 1523–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02872-0.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Purpose A novel concept of suspended sediment (SS) routing through a small reservoir is proposed that relies on the particle properties in the reservoir inflow. Methods The SS routing through the reservoir is described following the single continuous stirred tank reactor concept with only one model parameter, the SS decay coefficient. This parameter is linked to the sediment settling velocity and water flow velocity. Hence, the model does not require a direct calibration with recorded data. This model was tested on a small reservoir in Warsaw, Poland, with seven storm events. Suspended sediment samples at the reservoir inflow and outflow were taken manually during the passage of flood flows at irregular intervals. The performance of the proposed method was verified with the approach when the model parameter is estimated directly from recorded events. Results The parameter calculated based on particle properties was about 10 times higher than the corresponding parameter optimized from recorded SS events. Hence, there was a need to introduce a correction factor to accurately predict the effluent SS. This led to a high model performance for all events (Nash-Sutcliffe = 0.672 on average). Conclusions (i) The proposed SS routing model based on particle properties has been proven to accurately simulate SS in the reservoir outlet. (ii) Thus, the parameter can be estimated from the sediment settling velocity and water flow velocity, but the correction factor must be applied. (iii) Our findings acknowledge difficulties in describing SS routing through small reservoirs and indicate a lack of knowledge on the functioning of these reservoirs.
10
Ahmed, Rayan. "Geological Model for Mauddud Reservoir Khabaz Oil Field". Iraqi Geological Journal 54, n. 1D (30 aprile 2021): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1d.3ms-2021-04-23.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Mauddud reservoir, Khabaz oil field which is considered one of the main carbonate reservoirs in the north of Iraq. Recognizing carbonate reservoirs represents challenges to engineers because reservoirs almost tend to be tight and overall heterogeneous. The current study concerns with geological modeling of the reservoir is an oil-bearing with the original gas cap. The geological model is establishing for the reservoir by identifying the facies and evaluating the petrophysical properties of this complex reservoir, and calculate the amount of hydrocarbon. When completed the processing of data by IP interactive petrophysics software, and the permeability of a reservoir was calculated using the concept of hydraulic units then, there are three basic steps to construct the geological model, starts with creating a structural, facies and property models. The reservoirs were divided into four zones depending on the variation of petrophysical properties (porosity and permeability). Nine wells that penetrate the Cretaceous Formation (Mauddud reservoir) are included to construct the geological model. Zone number three characterized as the most important due to it Is large thickness which is about 108 m and good petrophysical properties are about 13%, 55 md, 41% and 38% for porosity, permeability, water saturation and net to gross respectively. The initial oil and gas in place are evaluated to be about 981×106 STB and 400×109 SCF.
11
Kou, Hui Hui, Wei Dong Liu, Dong Dong Hou e Ling Hui Sun. "Recognition of Fracturing by Stimulated Reservoir Volume (SRV) in Shale Gas Wells". Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (ottobre 2011): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.349.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ultra-low permeability shale reservoir require a large fracture network to maximal well performance. In conventional reservoirs and tight gas sands, single fracture length and conductivity are the key drivers for stimulation performance. In shale reservoirs, where complex fracture network are created, single fracture length and conductivity are insufficient to stimulate. This is the reason for the concept of using stimulated reservoir volume as a correlation parameter for well performance. This paper mainly illustrates perforation with interlaced row well pattern and multi-fracture fracturing technology and refracturing applied in vertical wells. Moreover, it establishes the seepage differential equation of multi-fracture.
12
Mueller, E. N., A. Güntner, T. Francke e G. Mamede. "Modelling water availability, sediment export and reservoir sedimentation in drylands with the WASA-SED Model". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 1, n. 1 (2 ottobre 2008): 285–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-1-285-2008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The process-based, spatially semi-distributed modelling framework WASA-SED for water and sediment transport in large dryland catchments is presented. The WASA-SED model simulates the runoff and erosion processes at the hillslope scale, the transport processes of suspended and bedload fluxes in the river reaches and the retention and remobilisation processes of sediments in reservoirs. The modelling tool enables the evaluation of management options both for sustainable land-use change scenarios to reduce erosion in the headwater catchments as well as adequate reservoir management options to lessen sedimentation in large reservoirs and reservoir networks. The model concept, its spatial discretisation and the numerical components of the hillslope, river and reservoir processes are summarised and current model applications are reviewed to demonstrate the capabilities, strengths and limits of the model framework.
13
Anacleto, Joaquim. "The reservoir concept: entropy generation and lost work". European Journal of Physics 42, n. 3 (13 aprile 2021): 035102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/abeafc.
Testo completo
14
Dong, Fei, Wen Qi Peng e Xiao Bo Liu. "Calculation of Water Environmental Capacity for a Eutrophicated Reservoir". Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (maggio 2012): 4078–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4078.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper analyzed the concept of water environmental capacity and the relation between water environmental capacity and control of reservoir eutrophication. A method, which is based on evaluating the water quality status and variation characteristics of the reservoir, to calculate the water environmental capacity of eutrophicated reservoir was put forward. Taking Shizitan Reservoir as an example, the water environmental capacity for TN, TP and COD of this eutrophicated reservoir in China were calculated by the method. A method, which could be used in the areas of short of data, to determine the retention coefficients of TN and TP was put forward in this case. In addition, the pollution gross control of the reservoir was analyzed according to the water environmental capacity and the pollutants discharged into the reservoir. The results show that the methods which were put forward in this study could be used to calculate the water environmental capacity of eutrophicated reservoirs, and this study could provide scientific support to the water environmental management.
15
Bagnall, A. C., e J. B. Blanche. "The Use of Horizontal Drilling in International Exploration". Energy Exploration & Exploitation 10, n. 4-5 (settembre 1992): 230–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879201000404.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Internationally (outside the USA) more than 300 horizontal wells were drilled in 1991. Horizontal well reservoir targets generally consist of a preponderance of clastic reservoirs over carbonates in the ratio of approximately 60% to 40%. The concept of using horizontal wells as an exploration tool can be defined as a means not only of proving new reserves in undrilled plays, but as a means of re-exploring previously drilled and poorly productive terrains. The Austin Chalk play in South Texas is the prime example of this concept in action. Exploration in this case can be defined as the adding of multiple orders of additional reserves value. International basin selection criteria are discussed which can optimise the chances of finding high value additional reserves in the initial stages of an exploration campaign by using horizontal drilling (with the important help of previous subsurface coverage or pilot drilling). These criteria include the presence of self sourcing carbonate reservoirs, the presence and predictability of regional fracturing, the mechanical properties of the reservoir rocks, the presence of significant original oil or gas-in-place and the reservoir depth criteria in which horizontal drilling technology is practicable and cost-effective.
16
Anacleto, J., J. M. Ferreira e A. Anacleto. "Identical thermodynamical processes and the generalization of the Clausius inequality". Canadian Journal of Physics 86, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2008): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p07-101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We stress the advantages of heat and work reservoirs in the formalism of Thermodynamics and using an illustrative example show the need to reformulate the concepts of heat and work to avoid inconsistencies, namely, with regard to the Second Law. To deal with this problem, we use the concept of identical thermodynamical processes and obtain the condition for two such processes to be identical even when the system neighbourhood as a whole cannot be treated as a reservoir. The aforementioned concept is then applied to obtain a standardized definition of heat and work as well as a generalization of the well-known Clausius inequality. Finally, we return to the example given earlier to corroborate the effectiveness of our results.PACS Nos.: 05.70.–a, 44.90.+c, 65.40.Gr
17
Pennington, Wayne D. "Reservoir geophysics". GEOPHYSICS 66, n. 1 (gennaio 2001): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444903.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The concept of petroleum reservoir geophysics is relatively new. In the past, the role of geophysics was largely confined to exploration and, to a lesser degree, the development of discoveries. As cost‐efficiency has taken over as a driving force in the economics of the oil and gas industry and as major assets near abandonment, geophysics has increasingly been recognized as a tool for improving the bottom line closer to the wellhead. The reliability of geophysical surveys, particularly seismic, has greatly reduced the risk associated with drilling wells in existing fields, and the ability to add geophysical constraints to statistical models has provided a mechanism for directly delivering geophysical results to the reservoir engineer.
18
Bian, Xiao Bing, Shi Cheng Zhang, Jing Chen Zhang e Hai Ming Liang. "Numerical Study of Percolation Mechanism in Heavy-Oil, Unconsolidated Sandstone Reservoirs with Frac-Pack Wells". Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (novembre 2011): 2175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.2175.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Due to the faultiness of simulation in heavy-oil, unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with frac-pack wells, a mathematical model was established considering reservoir stress sensitivity, start-up pressure gradient, and fracture flow conductivity failure. Based on the field data of one block in Bohai Bay, together with the numerical model, the percolation mechanism was studied. Results show that for heavy-oil, unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with frac-pack wells, the sweep efficiency is enlarged and the reservoir pressure gradient is lowered, which result in better productivity and sand prevention results. The flow pattern is proved to be an intermediate of radial flow and bi-linear flow, which is characterized with the concept of fracture flow ratio. The lower the reservoir permeability, the higher the fracture flow ratio and more likely bi-linear flow pattern occurs, thus the advantage of the frac-pack fracture will become more apparent.
19
Huang, Yu, Xiaoping Li e Xiaohua Tan. "Transient Pressure and Rate Decline Analysis for Horizontal Well in Stress-Sensitive Composite Reservoir". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (31 ottobre 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8672578.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The existence of stress sensitivity effect made the percolation mechanism of low-permeability reservoirs significantly complex. Further, numerous reservoirs have composite stratum properties in actual development procedure. This paper based on the concept of permeability stress sensitivity presents an unsteady flow model for horizontal well taking both stress sensitivity and composite reservoir into account. Analytic solutions for the transient pressure and the rate decline behaviors are obtained by comprehensive utilization of regular perturbation method, Laplace transformation, orthogonal transformation, and Stehfest numerical inversion. The example analysis verifies that the proposed model is reliable and practical. Likewise, there is a discussion of the influence of permeability modulus and other relevant parameters on the transient pressure and the rate decline for horizontal well in stress-sensitive composite reservoir. The work of this paper improved the previous researches and provided a more accurate basis for transient flow analysis and formation evaluation of this typical reservoir.
20
Muneta, Yasuhiro, Magdi I. Mubarak, Hadi H. Alhasani e Kazuyoshi Arisaka. "Formulation of "Capillary Force Barriers" in Moderately-Oil Wet Systems and Its Application to Reservoir Simulation". SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 8, n. 05 (1 ottobre 2005): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/88711-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary As a common production aspect of the Thamama formation (a carbonate reservoir) in both onshore and offshore Abu Dhabi fields, unexpected early-water breakthrough through specific high-permeability layers without a clearly impermeable layer underneath has been observed in several water-injection schemes. Observed field data such as pulsed neutron capture(PNC) logs indicate the absence of injected water slumping away from wellbores. The concept of capillary force barriers was introduced a decade ago to resolve this issue, in which the role of capillary pressure forces on crossflow in stratified layers is modeled. This paper tries to revisit and fine-tune the concept of capillary force barrier and model hysteresis expected in a moderately oil-wet system. First, some measurements of special core analysis and related interpretations are presented in which the results are analytically formulated by a published methodology to generate saturation functions consistent with hysteresis using an assumption of wettability. An application of the formulation to numerical reservoir simulation was carried out in a systematic manner because the reservoir-rock-type (RRT) scheme of the model was based on primary-drainage curves that can be fully linked with the generated saturation functions. It is demonstrated on cross sections how small differences in imbibition capillary pressures can affect the water movement across contrasting RRT boundaries in a moderately oil-wet system. The proposed formulation is an effective tool for generalizing saturation functions related to matrix properties in a consistent manner, and it systematically incorporates hysteresis and wettability into the numerical reservoir-simulation model. Introduction Many giant carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East, including those of the Thamama formation in both onshore and offshore Abu Dhabi, are developed with water-injection schemes. These reservoirs typically exhibit oil-wet character;in such cases, the injected water does not slump, instead moving through thin, high-permeability layers. This has been considered as one of the key reasons for unexpected early water breakthrough to oil producers. To explain the phenomenon, the concept of capillary force barriers was introduced to model the role of negative imbibition capillary pressures in the water-displacement process for an oil-wet system. The concept, however, is difficult to apply to actual reservoir-simulation modeling because of the general heterogeneity of carbonate rocks and the difficulty in characterizing them in a systematic manner with due consideration of geological features. Meanwhile, numerous papers have described detailed measurements of special core analysis to emphasize the importance of some of the specific rock properties such as capillary pressure, relative permeability, wettability, and so on. However, the literature is sparse regarding the application of such measurements to field-scale reservoir-simulation modeling in an integrated manner, probably because of the data unavailability and the poor link with geological features, which is the most important guide to distributing the petrophysical parameters in numerical reservoir-simulation models. This paper develops a systematic scheme of saturation functions tied to rock-matrix properties for reservoir-simulation modeling. The targets of this work are as follows:• Analytical formulation of specific saturation functions, maintaining their consistency by linking them to pore-size distribution (PSD).• Understanding the mechanism of capillary force barriers in the formulation.• Incorporating wettability into reservoir simulation in a consistent manner. It is worth mentioning that for successful formulation of the saturation functions on reservoir-simulation modeling, consistent RRT schemes are essential. A concept of RRT contrast, therefore, is discussed.
21
Parvin, Afroza, e ASM Woobaidullah. "Incorporation of Sequence Stratigraphy in Gas Reservoir Correlation: A Case Study". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 45, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2019): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v45i2.46594.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The application of sequence stratigraphy to resolve the miscorrelation between different genetic units in reservoir characterization in a gas field of Surma Basin is dealt with. Interpretation of available seismic and wireline logs (gamma ray, resistivity, density and neutron porosity) give the sequence stratigraphic correlation of reservoir sands. The reservoirs geometry, its extent, seal architecture and trapping styles have been revealed better with this correlation. There is juxtaposition of two reservoir sands, namely A1 and A2. A1 is located at older highstand sand, whereas A2 is in the younger lowstand sand. Lithostratigraphically they might be same but sequences stratigraphy reveals that they are different and deposited at different times. Moreover, the concept reveals that lowstand sand has better reservoir quality than any highstand and transgressive sand.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 209-216, December 2019
22
Mahjour, Seyed Kourosh, Manuel Gomes Correia, Antonio Alberto de Souza dos Santos e Denis José Schiozer. "Developing a workflow to represent fractured carbonate reservoirs for simulation models under uncertainties based on flow unit concept". Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 74 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2018096.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Description of fractured reservoir rock under uncertainties in a 3D model and integration with reservoir simulation is still a challenging topic. In particular, mapping the potential zones with a reservoir quality can be very useful for making decisions and support development planning. This mapping can be done through the concept of flow units. In this paper, an integrated approach including a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), geostatistical modeling and uncertainty analysis is developed and applied to a fractured carbonate in order to integrate on numerical simulation. The workflow begins with different HCA methods, performed to well-logs in three wells, to identify flow units and rock types. Geostatistical techniques are then applied to extend the flow units, petrophysical properties and fractures into the inter-well area. Finally, uncertainty analysis is applied to combine different types of uncertainties for generating ensemble reservoir simulation models. The obtained clusters from different HCA methods are evaluated by the cophenetic coefficient, correlation coefficient, and variation coefficient, and the most appropriate clustering method is used to identify flow units for geostatistical modeling. We subsequently define uncertainties for static and dynamic properties such as permeability, porosity, net-to-gross, fracture, water-relative permeability, fluid properties, and rock compressibility. Discretized Latin Hypercube with Geostatistical (DLHG) method is applied to combine the defined uncertainties and create an ensemble of 200 simulation models which can span the uncertainty space. Eventually, a base production strategy is defined under operational conditions to check the consistency and reliability of the models created with UNISIM-II-R (reference model) as a real reservoir with known results. Results represent the compatibility of the methodology to characterize fractured reservoirs since those models are consistent with the reference model (used to generate the simulation models). The proposed workflow provides an efficient and useful means of supporting development planning under uncertainty.
23
Ferreira, Rafael M., e Segen F. Estefen. "Alternative concept for tidal power plant with reservoir restrictions". Renewable Energy 34, n. 4 (aprile 2009): 1151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.08.014.
Testo completo
24
Mueller, E. N., A. Güntner, T. Francke e G. Mamede. "Modelling sediment export, retention and reservoir sedimentation in drylands with the WASA-SED model". Geoscientific Model Development 3, n. 1 (8 aprile 2010): 275–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-3-275-2010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Current soil erosion and reservoir sedimentation modelling at the meso-scale is still faced with intrinsic problems with regard to open scaling questions, data demand, computational efficiency and deficient implementations of retention and re-mobilisation processes for the river and reservoir networks. To overcome some limitations of current modelling approaches, the semi-process-based, spatially semi-distributed modelling framework WASA-SED (Vers. 1) was developed for water and sediment transport in large dryland catchments. The WASA-SED model simulates the runoff and erosion processes at the hillslope scale, the transport and retention processes of suspended and bedload fluxes in the river reaches and the retention and remobilisation processes of sediments in reservoirs. The modelling tool enables the evaluation of management options both for sustainable land-use change scenarios to reduce erosion in the headwater catchments as well as adequate reservoir management options to lessen sedimentation in large reservoirs and reservoir networks. The model concept, its spatial discretisation scheme and the numerical components of the hillslope, river and reservoir processes are described and a model application for the meso-scale dryland catchment Isábena in the Spanish Pre-Pyrenees (445 km2) is presented to demonstrate the capabilities, strengths and limits of the model framework. The example application showed that the model was able to reproduce runoff and sediment transport dynamics of highly erodible headwater badlands, the transient storage of sediments in the dryland river system, the bed elevation changes of the 93 hm3 Barasona reservoir due to sedimentation as well as the life expectancy of the reservoir under different management options.
25
Yuan, Jing, Jin-cheng Wang e Bao Qian. "Optimization of water quality evaluation method in Three Gorges Reservoir area under different hydrological conditions". Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 383 (16 settembre 2020): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-383-347-2020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. In order to solve the problem of lack of unified evaluation criteria for water quality evaluation in the Three Gorges Reservoir under different hydrologic condition, hydraulic retention time and flow rate were calculated wih the hydrological data of 6 intact hydrological years after the 175 m impoundment in the Three Gorges Reservoir using the concept of segment capacity. Results indicate that the hydrological conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir have obvious spatial and temporal differences. The whole river should be evaluated according to the river standard during the wet season. In the dry season, the upstream of Wanxian should be evaluated according to the river standards and the downstream of Wanxian should be evaluated according to lake standard. The tributary bay should be evaluated according to the lake standard. The conclusion obtained by this evaluation method is consistent with actual situation of the reservoir, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the targeted protection of water environment in river-type reservoirs.
26
Dong, Fengjuan, Xuefei Lu, Yuan Cao, Xinjiu Rao e Zeyong Sun. "Microscale Pore Throat Differentiation and Its Influence on the Distribution of Movable Fluid in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs". Geofluids 2021 (6 gennaio 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6654773.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tight sandstone reservoirs have small pore throat sizes and complex pore structures. Taking the Chang 6 tight sandstone reservoir in the Huaqing area of the Ordos Basin as an example, based on casting thin sections, nuclear magnetic resonance experiments, and modal analysis of pore size distribution characteristics, the Chang 6 tight sandstone reservoir in the study area can be divided into two types: wide bimodal mode reservoirs and asymmetric bimodal mode reservoirs. Based on the information entropy theory, the concept of “the entropy of microscale pore throats” is proposed to characterize the microscale pore throat differentiation of different reservoirs, and its influence on the distribution of movable fluid is discussed. There were significant differences in the entropy of the pore throat radius at different scales, which were mainly shown as follows: the entropy of the pore throat radius of 0.01~0.1 μm, >0.1 μm, and <0.01 μm decreased successively; that is, the complexity of the pore throat structure decreased successively. The correlation between the number of movable fluid occurrences on different scales of pore throats and the entropy of microscale pore throats in different reservoirs is also different, which is mainly shown as follows: in the intervals of >0.1 μm and 0.01~0.1 μm, the positive correlation between the occurrence quantity of movable fluid in the wide bimodal mode reservoir is better than that in the asymmetric bimodal mode reservoir. However, there was a negative correlation between the entropy of the pore throat radius and the number of fluid occurrences in the two types of reservoirs in the pore throat radius of <0.01 μm. Therefore, pore throats of >0.1 μm and 0.01~0.1 μm play a controlling role in studying the complexity of the microscopic pore throat structure and the distribution of movable fluid in the Chang 6 tight sandstone reservoir. The above results deepen the understanding of the pore throat structure of tight sandstone reservoirs and present guiding significance for classification evaluation, quantitative characterization, and efficient development of tight sandstone reservoirs.
27
Oraby, Moustafa. "A non-Archie water saturation method for conventional reservoirs based on generalization of Passey TOC model for unconventional reservoirs". Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 10, n. 8 (6 luglio 2020): 3295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-00945-x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The determination of the formation water saturation, Sw, is a continuous process throughout the life of the fields. Multiple water saturation models are developed to increase the accuracy of calculating this critical parameter for both open-hole and cased-hole wells. All current open-hole water saturation models require prior knowledge of some field parameters namely; formation water resistivity, Rw, clay volume, Vc and rock electrical properties (m, n). It is normally assumed that those reservoir parameters as either constant for the entire reservoir section or change by zones. This is obviously an impractical assumption especially for the (m) and (n) parameters. Also, when a reservoir is under water injection for enhanced oil recovery, the water salinity may change throughout the reservoir, based on the distribution of the reservoir permeability and the salinity of the injected water, resulting in a variable Rw. This case represents a real challenge to the existing water saturation models. In this paper, a methodology to determine water saturation without the need for prior knowledge of the formation water resistivity or the rock electrical properties is developed. This approach is a generalization of the Passey total organic carbon, TOC, model which is developed to determine the organic richness of the unconventional reservoirs. The scientific basis of the method, the modification required to be applied in conventional reservoirs, the proof of concept using forward modeled cases and actual field applications in sandstone and carbonate reservoirs are performed to examine the theoretical and the practical applications of the methodology. Excellent results are obtained and discussed.
28
Sarda, S., L. Jeannin, R. Basquet e B. Bourbiaux. "Hydraulic Characterization of Fractured Reservoirs: Simulation on Discrete Fracture Models". SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 5, n. 02 (1 aprile 2002): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/77300-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary Advanced characterization methodology and software are now able to provide realistic pictures of fracture networks. However, these pictures must be validated against dynamic data like flowmeter, well-test, interference-test, or production data and calibrated in terms of hydraulic properties. This calibration and validation step is based on the simulation of those dynamic tests. What has to be overcome is the challenge of both accurately representing large and complex fracture networks and simulating matrix/ fracture exchanges with a minimum number of gridblocks. This paper presents an efficient, patented solution to tackle this problem. First, a method derived from the well-known dual-porosity concept is presented. The approach consists of developing an optimized, explicit representation of the fractured medium and specific treatments of matrix/fracture exchanges and matrix/matrix flows. In this approach, matrix blocks of different volumes and shapes are associated with each fracture cell depending on the local geometry of the surrounding fractures. The matrix-block geometry is determined with a rapid image-processing algorithm. The great advantage of this approach is that it can simulate local matrix/fracture exchanges on large fractured media in a much faster and more appropriate way. Indeed, the simulation can be carried out with a much smaller number of cells compared to a fully explicit discretization of both matrix and fracture media. The proposed approach presents other advantages owing to its great flexibility. Indeed, it accurately handles the cases in which flows are not controlled by fractures alone; either the fracture network may be not hydraulically connected from one well to another, or the matrix may have a high permeability in some places. Finally, well-test cases demonstrate the reliability of the method and its range of application. Introduction In recent years, numerous research programs have been focusing on the topic of fractured reservoirs. Major advances were made, and oil companies now benefit from efficient methodologies, tools, and software for fractured reservoir studies. Nowadays, a study of a fractured reservoir, from fracture detection to full-field simulation, includes the following main steps: geological fracture characterization, hydraulic characterization of fractures, upscaling of fracture properties, and fractured reservoir simulation. Research on fractured reservoir simulation has a long history. In the early 1960s, Barenblatt and Zheltov1 first introduced the dual-porosity concept, followed by Warren and Root,2 who proposed a simplified representation of fracture networks to be used in dual-porosity simulators. Based on this concept, reservoir simulators3 are now able to correctly reproduce the main driving mechanisms occurring in fractured reservoirs, such as water imbibition, gas/oil and water/oil gravity drainage, molecular diffusion, and convection in fractures. Even single-medium simulators can perform fractured reservoir simulation when adequate pseudocapillary pressure curves and pseudorelative permeability curves can be input. Indeed, except for particular cases such as thermal recovery processes, full-field simulation of fractured reservoirs is no longer a problem. Geological characterization of fractures progressed considerably in the 1990s. The challenge was to analyze and integrate all the available fracture data to provide a reliable description of the fracture network both at field scale and at local reservoir cell scale. Tools have been developed for merging seismic, borehole imaging, lithological, and outcrop data together with the help of geological and geomechanical rules.3 These tools benefited from the progress of seismic acquisition and borehole imaging. Indeed, accurate seismic data lead to reliable models of large-scale fracture networks, and borehole imaging gives the actual fracture description along the wells, which enables a reliable statistical determination of fracture attributes. Finally, these tools provide realistic pictures of fracture networks. They are applied successfully in numerous fractured-reservoir studies. The upscaling of fracture properties is the problem of translating the geological description of fracture networks into reservoir simulation parameters. Two approaches are possible. In the first one, the fractured reservoir is considered as a very heterogeneous matrix reservoir; therefore, one applies the classical techniques available for heterogeneous single-medium upscaling. The second approach is based on the dual-porosity concept and consists of upscaling the matrix and the fracture separately. Based on this second approach, methodologies and software were developed in the 1990s to calculate equivalent fracture parameters with respect to the dual-porosity concept (i.e., a fracture-permeability tensor with main flow directions and anisotropy and a shape factor that controls the matrix/fracture exchange kinetics3–5). For a given reservoir grid cell, the upscaling procedures consist of generating the corresponding 3D discrete fracture network and computing the equivalent parameters from this network. In particular, the permeability tensor is computed from the results of steady-state flow simulations in the discrete fracture network alone (without the matrix).
29
Stokes, Stephen. "Reservoir to market: generating project value by coupling surface facilities with reservoir data in integrated asset modelling". APPEA Journal 57, n. 2 (2017): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16216.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Reservoir to market is a cutting-edge integrated asset modelling (IAM) initiative that is deployed to deliver robust field development and concept design solutions with enhanced project economics. The approach offers the potential to identify supply-chain cost reductions across the full spectrum of upstream developments, from full field development planning to individual equipment item modification. The process offers particular value in Greenfield and Brownfield development planning, in identifying and assessing sensitivity options and in definition of the optimum concept.
30
Tumenov, Artur Nasibullayevich, Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova, Arkadiy Ignatjevich Kim e Alyona Aleksandrovna Mukhramova. "Research of Kirovsk Reservoir for developing mobile active hydroacoustic fish protecting device". Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Fishing industry 2021, n. 3 (30 settembre 2021): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2021-3-102-108.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological parameters of the Kirovsk Reservoir in the West Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan are described. The reservoir was selected as a model for realization of the grant project No. AP09058066 “Developing mobile active hy-droacoustic fish protecting device to protect fish and juveniles from entering the dam spillways of large hydroelectric power plants and reservoirs” of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological studies were aimed to obtain data for making optimal decisions on the design, equipment and working algorithm of the fish protection device. Hydrological studies include measuring depths and current speed in the water area of the reservoir and in front of the dam spillway. The species composition, abundance and biomass of forage invertebrates of zooplankton and zoobenthos were studied as hydrobiological indicators. The main biological indicators, fish abundance and biomass, species composition and concentration of juveniles were taken into account when studying ichthyological data. The obtained hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological parameters of the Kirov Reservoir served as the basis for developing the concept of a mobile active hydroacoustic fish protecting device to prevent fish and juveniles from entering the spillways of dams at the large hydroelectric power plants and reservoirs
31
David, Václav, e Tereza Davidová. "Analysis of Flood Hydrographs in Order to Predict the Shape of Their Falling Limbs". Proceedings 2, n. 11 (8 agosto 2018): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2110639.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents preliminary analyses carried out in order to assess the possibility to treat a small simple catchment as linear reservoir when modeling the runoff from a precipitation event. This analysis was carried out for the catchment of Černá Desná stream to the profile Jezdecká. The applicability of linear reservoir concept was tested by calculating the recession constant values for hydrographs falling limbs which were then evaluated in a statistical way. Specifically, five events were selected for the detail analysis. The results indicate that the linear reservoir concept can be applied in this case to predict relatively well the discharges in next 48 h. However, the results also show that there are limitations in the application of linear concept and that the introduction of non-linear reservoir could improve the prediction results.
32
Selge, F., E. Matta, R. Hinkelmann e G. Gunkel. "Nutrient load concept-reservoir vs. bay impacts: a case study from a semi-arid watershed". Water Science and Technology 74, n. 7 (18 luglio 2016): 1671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.342.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Large flow-through reservoirs and lakes possess environmental gradients and monitoring programs are mostly adapted for cost and time effectiveness. Bay areas are often more isolated from the main water body and are likely to have unobserved different environmental processes and impacts. This study was performed at the Itaparica Reservoir, São Francisco River, located in semi-arid Northeast Brazil, with dendritic form. Water residence time in the Icó-Mandantes Bay was estimated by hydrodynamic flow and transport simulations. The P-chlorophyll a relationship was used to develop the P use efficiency coefficient for critical P load estimation of 25 μg P L−1. Phosphorus sources and input rates into a bay and the respective reservoir were calculated and compared regarding their different origins for the period after flooding (1988) and for 2013. After impoundment, the P load highly exceeded the carrying capacity because of leaching and mineralization processes. In 2013, P inputs were still above this threshold, whereas inflow and sub-basin P export during the rainy season were crucial. But eutrophication processes have increased in the bay relative to the main water body. Hence, water in hydraulic isolated parts is prone to eutrophication processes, thus, bays have to be specially considered in water resource management.
33
Chen, Ying Jie, Xiang Hong Hu, Xin Li Xia, Jun Jing Mu e Heng Zhao. "Concept and Practice of Landscape Planning and Designing on Ancillary Buildings in Kizil Reservoir in Kuqa, Xinjiang". Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (maggio 2011): 3405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3405.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Landscape design of reservoir buildings is an important part modern hydraulic engineering. Besides specific functions, all buildings in the reservoir should be carriers of histories, cultures, ethical customs and modern technologies. In the present paper, engineering characteristics of Kizil reservoir, combined with specific human geography environment was comprehensively analyzed based on principles of landscape. Corresponding concept, design and program of landscape are proposed, so as to provide an important foundation for the construction of reservoir landscape ecology and development of local tourism resources.
34
A.Z, Abdul Razad, Abbas N.A, Mohd Sidek. L, Alexander J.L e Jung K. "Sediment Management Strategies for Hydropower Reservoirs in Active Agricultural Area". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n. 4.35 (30 novembre 2018): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22737.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ringlet, Jor and Mahang reservoirs are part of Cameron Highlands – Batang Padang Hydroelectric Scheme. Conversion of forest to agricultural and urban area within the catchment has caused Ringlet Reservoir to suffer severe sedimentation problem and waste dumping. This has caused operational difficulties to the hydropower operator. Based on estimation, sediment inflow into Ringlet Reservoir has increased multiple folds from 25,000 m3/year in 1960s up to between 120,000 m3/year to 200,000 m3/year in 2010. This reduces the total storage capacity of Ringlet Reservoir to almost 50% of its original design value, and subsequently affects Jor and Mahang Reservoirs. Bertam Intake is often choked by the sediment built up within the area, thus limiting the running hours of the plant to generate electricity. Without sediment management strategies, the incoming sediment load into Ringlet Reservoir would increase tremendously and can cause the hydropower scheme to cease operation faster that its design life expectancy. Various mitigation strategies have been implemented such as dredging, construction of check dams and settling basins and flushing from the bottom outlet, resulting to an increase in storage. Despite these efforts which focus within the reservoir, the best solution is by control the sediment and waste at source, through the concept of an integrated catchment management. This requires concerted effort from the local authorities and public to ensure successful implementation. This paper outlines the methods, analyses and results of various mitigation strategies.
35
Lupu, Diana. "Current trends in the exploitation of mature gas fields in the context of rehabilitation concept". MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 10005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929010005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The exploitation of mature natural gas fields has been and will be an increasingly topic that will attract the attention of the production companies, given that most of the production, about 60-70%, comes from these reservoirs. Implementation of the project management into the exploitation of mature gas reservoirs has a notable ascension because of the fact that in the execution of the operational programs always has developed a mechanism to achieve the objectives in a sustainable manner. The project management in gas industry it is known as rehabilitation concept or integrated reservoir development, which has a major impact on increasing the recovery factor. The paper intends to present the current trends in the exploitation of mature gas fields in Romania by applying the concept of rehabilitation as well as expansion opportunities in order to drive the business performance results.
36
JPT staff, _. "Shortened Modeling Time Seen With Suite Concept in Reservoir Sampling". Journal of Petroleum Technology 57, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2005): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1205-0020-jpt.
Testo completo
37
Stepanov, S. V., e T. A. Pospelova. "New concept of mathematical modeling for making reservoir engineering decisions". Neftyanoe khozyaystvo - Oil Industry, n. 4 (2019): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-4-50-53.
Testo completo
38
Tătaru, Argentina, Dan-Paul Ştefănescu e Sándor Balázs. "Implementation of project management concept, in depleted gas reservoir exploitation". AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas 32, n. 1 (2015): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/drill.2015.32.1.175.
Testo completo
39
Cantwell, Cara T., Pinghung Wei, Babak Ziaie e Masaru P. Rao. "Modular reservoir concept for MEMS-based transdermal drug delivery systems". Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 24, n. 11 (10 ottobre 2014): 117001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/24/11/117001.
Testo completo
40
Branche, Emmanuel. "The multipurpose water uses of hydropower reservoir: The SHARE concept". Comptes Rendus Physique 18, n. 7-8 (settembre 2017): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2017.06.001.
Testo completo
41
Johnston, David H. "Introduction to this special section: Reservoir monitoring". Leading Edge 39, n. 7 (luglio 2020): 462–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39070462.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The papers submitted to this special section demonstrate that the topic of reservoir monitoring is extremely diverse. This diversity is reflected in the wide range of geologic settings covered by these papers — deepwater unconsolidated clastics, more cemented sandstones in onshore fields, and carbonates. Diversity is seen in the range of production scenarios described by these papers — water sweep of oil and gas, thermal recovery using steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), and enhanced recovery using CO2 injection. Moreover, the papers in this section cover much more than time-lapse 3D seismic. Although about half of the submitted papers use 4D surface seismic data to monitor reservoirs, the remainder cover a diversity of methods that include time-lapse vertical seismic profiles (VSPs), repeat well logging using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), and muon tomography. Even the concept of the “reservoir” is expanded to include monitoring microseismicity that might result from production activity.
42
Xie, Jiang, Changdong Yang, Neha Gupta, Michael J. King e Akhil Datta-Gupta. "Depth of Investigation and Depletion in Unconventional Reservoirs With Fast-Marching Methods". SPE Journal 20, n. 04 (20 agosto 2015): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/154532-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary The concept of depth of investigation is fundamental to well-test analysis. Much of the current well-test analysis relies on solutions based on homogeneous or layered reservoirs. Well-test analysis in spatially heterogeneous reservoirs is complicated by the fact that Green's function for heterogeneous reservoirs is difficult to obtain analytically. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for computing the depth of investigation and pressure response in spatially heterogeneous and fractured unconventional reservoirs. In our approach, we first present an asymptotic solution of the diffusion equation in heterogeneous reservoirs. Considering terms of highest frequencies in the solution, we obtain two equations: the Eikonal equation that governs the propagation of a pressure “front” and the transport equation that describes the pressure amplitude as a function of space and time. The Eikonal equation generalizes the depth of investigation for heterogeneous reservoirs and provides a convenient way to calculate drainage volume. From drainage-volume calculations, we estimate a generalized pressure solution on the basis of a geometric approximation of the drainage volume. A major advantage of our approach is that one can solve very efficiently the Eikonal equation with a class of front-tracking methods called the fast-marching methods. Thus, one can obtain transient-pressure response in multimillion-cell geologic models in seconds without resorting to reservoir simulators. We first visualize the depth of investigation and pressure solution for a homogeneous unconventional reservoir with multistage transverse fractures, and identify flow regimes from a pressure-diagnostic plot. And then, we apply the technique to a heterogeneous unconventional reservoir to predict the depth of investigation and pressure behavior. The computation is orders-of-magnitude faster than conventional numerical simulation, and provides a foundation for future work in reservoir characterization and field-development optimization.
43
Sparks, R. S. J., C. Annen, J. D. Blundy, K. V. Cashman, A. C. Rust e M. D. Jackson. "Formation and dynamics of magma reservoirs". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, n. 2139 (7 gennaio 2019): 20180019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The emerging concept of a magma reservoir is one in which regions containing melt extend from the source of magma generation to the surface. The reservoir may contain regions of very low fraction intergranular melt, partially molten rock (mush) and melt lenses (or magma chambers) containing high melt fraction eruptible magma, as well as pockets of exsolved magmatic fluids. The various parts of the system may be separated by a sub-solidus rock or be connected and continuous. Magma reservoirs and their wall rocks span a vast array of rheological properties, covering as much as 25 orders of magnitude from high viscosity, sub-solidus crustal rocks to magmatic fluids. Time scales of processes within magma reservoirs range from very slow melt and fluid segregation within mush and magma chambers and deformation of surrounding host rocks to very rapid development of magma and fluid instability, transport and eruption. Developing a comprehensive model of these systems is a grand challenge that will require close collaboration between modellers, geophysicists, geochemists, geologists, volcanologists and petrologists. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Magma reservoir architecture and dynamics’.
44
Dziewiecki, Maciej. "Adsorbed Natural Gas Tank feeded with Liquid Natural Gas". E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400038.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper present the idea of a natural gas reservoir, which uses technology of gas storage by adsorption on activated carbon. Such reservoir can be feeded with Liquid Natural Gas. The framework of article includes theoretical principals of gas-solid physical adsorption, and explains most important concepts associated with it. Moreover, concept of such tank and working regime is presented. Selected subject is very promising in the field of natural gas storage, although this is still a niche issue. Lack of universal models of gases physical adsorption made it very difficult to predict the runs of processes occurring in the proposed reservoir, which is why this project was based on models confirmed during in the earlier studies.
45
Scharf, Wilfried. "Integrated water quality management of the große dhünn reservoir". Water Science and Technology 37, n. 2 (1 gennaio 1998): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0159.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper I introduce protection measures and management options which are applied to the watershed as well as to the reservoir itself and later their impact on water quality is discussed. Emphasis is given to nutrients from non-point sources and nutrient removal from such sources by pre-reservoirs is considered in detail. Phosphorus removal has to work mainly during flood events, when most of the nutrient load enters the reservoir. As our results reveal, 55% of the total annual TP-input can be removed in pre-reservoirs. I also introduce our concept of fishery management, which involves stocking the reservoir with lake trout (Salmo trutta lacustris) and pike perch (Stizostedion lucioperca). The advantage of having lake internal management options available, i.e. selective take-off from raw waters, is also considered in the case of development of metalimnetic blue-green algal (Planktothrix) populations. Preparatory measures i.e. cleaning of the reservoir basin, which has to be done before the rivers are impounded, are discussed. “Trophic upsurge”, in the sense of nutrient leaching, was not important during the first filling years. Improvements in water quality during the “ageing process” are due to lake internal mechanisms, i.e. the increase of sedimentation capacity and decrease of the ratio of epi- to hypolimnetic water volume, which were supplemented later by sewage diversion. Our results present ample evidence that it is due to our philosophy of integrated water quality management that Große Dhünn Reservoir is oligotrophic today - always able to fulfil its purposes.
46
Gabl, R., J. Seibl, B. Gems e M. Aufleger. "3-D-numerical approach to simulate an avalanche impact into a reservoir". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, n. 6 (22 giugno 2015): 4121–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-4121-2015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The impact of an avalanche into a reservoir induces an impulse wave, which poses a threat to population and infrastructure. For a good approximation of the generated wave height and length as well as the resulting outflow volume over structures and dams, formulas, which base on different simplifying assumptions, can be used. Further project-specific investigations by means of a scale model test or numerical simulations are advisable for complex reservoirs as well as the inclusion of hydraulic structures such as spillways. The paper presents a new approach for a 3-D-numerical simulation of an avalanche impact into a reservoir. In this model concept the energy and mass of the avalanche are represented by accelerated water on the real hill slope. Instead of snow, only water and air are used to simulate the moving avalanche with the software FLOW-3D. A significant advantage of this assumption is the self-adaptation of the model avalanche onto the terrain. In order to reach good comparability of the results with existing research at the ETH Zürich, a simplified reservoir geometry is investigated. Thus, a reference case has been analysed including a variation of three geometry parameters (still water depth in the reservoir, freeboard of the dam and reservoir width).
47
Zaman, M., J. C. Roegiers, A. Abdulraheem e M. Azeemuddin. "Pore Collapse in Weakly Cemented and Porous Rocks". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 116, n. 2 (1 giugno 1994): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Withdrawal of fluids from hydrocarbon reservoirs results in a decrease in pore pressure which in turn leads to an increase in effective stress on rock matrix. Such a situation may lead to the occurrence of pore collapse in reservoirs having weakly cemented, porous rocks. It is considered to be a potential problem in several producing reservoirs. Numerical simulation of a compacting reservoir due to pore collapse requires an appropriate constitutive model. Consequently, a constitutive model based on the concept of elasto-plasticity using isotropic hardening is developed to predict pre and post-pore collapse behavior of reservoir rocks. An experimental study is carried out on a high-porosity rock susceptible to pore collapse for different stress paths. The developed constitutive model is tested with respect to two different materials exhibiting such behavior. Parameters for the model are evaluated based on the experimental results, highlighting the procedure involved. Further, the data is used to demonstrate the strengths and the weaknesses of the constitutive model. Experimental data for the second material is obtained from literature. Satisfactory agreement is achieved between experimental data and model predictions.
48
Kearney, Mary-Carmel, Peter E. McKenna, Helen L. Quinn, Aaron J. Courtenay, Eneko Larrañeta e Ryan F. Donnelly. "Design and Development of Liquid Drug Reservoirs for Microneedle Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drug Molecules". Pharmaceutics 11, n. 11 (13 novembre 2019): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110605.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The poor aqueous solubility of existing and emerging drugs is a major issue faced by the pharmaceutical industry. Water-miscible organic solvents, termed co-solvents, can be used to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble substances. Typically, drugs with poor aqueous solubility and Log P > 3 are not amenable to delivery across the skin. This study investigated the use of co-solvents as reservoirs to be used in combination with hydrogel-forming microneedles to enhance the transdermal delivery of hydrophobic compounds, namely Nile red, olanzapine and atorvastatin. A custom-made Franz cell apparatus was fabricated to test the suitability of a liquid drug reservoir in combination with polymeric microneedles. A co-solvency approach to reservoir formulation proved effective, with 83.30% ± 9.38% of Nile red dye, dissolved in 1 mL poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG 400), permeating neonatal porcine skin over 24 h. PEG 400 and propylene glycol were found to be suitable reservoir media for olanzapine and atorvastatin, with approximately 50% of each drug delivered after 24 h. This work provides crucial proof-of-concept evidence that the manipulation of microneedle reservoir properties is an effective method to facilitate microneedle-mediated delivery of hydrophobic compounds.
49
Al-Rbeawi, Salam. "Revisiting Current Techniques for Analyzing Reservoir Performance: A New Approach for Horizontal-Well Pseudosteady-State Productivity Index". SPE Journal 24, n. 01 (17 agosto 2018): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/191139-pa.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary The objective of this paper is to revisit currently used techniques for analyzing reservoir performance and characterizing the horizontal-well productivity index (PI) in finite-acting oil and gas reservoirs. This paper introduces a new practical and integrated approach for determining the starting time of pseudosteady-state flow and constant-behavior PI. The new approach focuses on the fact that the derivative of PI vanishes to zero when pseudosteady-state flow is developed. At this point, the derivative of transient-state pressure drop and that of pseudosteady-state pressure drop become mathematically identical. This point indicates the starting time of pseudosteady-state flow as well as the constant value of pseudosteady-state PI. The reservoirs of interest in this study are homogeneous and heterogamous, single and dual porous media, undergoing Darcy and non-Darcy flow in the drainage area, and finite-acting, depleted by horizontal wells. The flow in these reservoirs is either single-phase oil flow or single-phase gas flow. Several analytical models are used in this study for describing pressure and pressure-derivative behavior considering different reservoir configurations and wellbore types. These models are developed for heterogeneous and homogeneous formations consisting of single and dual porous media (naturally fractured reservoirs) and experiencing Darcy and non-Darcy flow. Two pressure terms are assembled in these models; the first pressure term represents the time-dependent pressure drop caused by transient-state flow, and the second pressure term represents time-invariant pressure drop controlled by the reservoir boundary. Transient-state PI and pseudosteady-state PI are calculated using the difference between these two pressures assuming constant wellbore flow rate. The analytical models for the pressure derivatives of these two pressure terms are generated. Using the concept that the derivative of constant PI converges to zero, these two pressure derivatives become mathematically equal at a certain production time. This point indicates the starting time of pseudosteady-state flow and the constant behavior of PI. The outcomes of this study are summarized as the following: Understanding pressure, pressure derivative, and PI behavior of bounded reservoirs drained by horizontal wells during transient- and pseudosteady-state production Investigating the effects of different reservoir configurations, wellbore lengths, reservoir homogeneity or heterogeneity, reservoirs as single or dual porous media, and flow pattern in porous media whether it has undergone Darcy or non-Darcy flow Applying the concept of the PI derivative to determine the starting time of pseudosteady-state stabilized PI The novel points in this study are the following: The derivative of the PI can be used to precisely indicate the starting time of pseudosteady-state flow and the constant behavior of PI. The starting time of pseudosteady-state flow determined by the convergence of transient- and pseudosteady-state pressure derivative or by the PI curve is always less than that determined from the curves of total pressure drop and its derivative. Non-Darcy flow may significantly affect the transient-state PI, but pseudosteady-state PI is slightly affected by non-Darcy flow. The starting time of pseudosteady-state flow is not influenced by non-Darcy flow. The convergence of transient- and pseudosteady-state pressure derivatives is affected by reservoir configurations, wellbore lengths, and porous-media characteristics.
50
Smit, Frans, Maarten Ligtendag, Peter Wills e Rodney Calvert. "Toward affordable permanent seismic reservoir monitoring using the sparse OBC concept". Leading Edge 25, n. 4 (aprile 2006): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2193219.
Testo completo