Tesi sul tema "Réseaux à base radiale"
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Hautot, Julien. "Représentation à base radiale pour l'apprentissage par renforcement visuel". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0093.
Testo completoThis thesis work falls within the context of Reinforcement Learning (RL) from image data. Unlike supervised learning, which enables performing various tasks such as classification, regression, or segmentation from an annotated database, RL allows learning without a database through interactions with an environment. In these methods, an agent, such as a robot, performs different actions to explore its environment and gather training data. Training such an agent involves trial and error; the agent is penalized when it fails at its task and rewarded when it succeeds. The goal for the agent is to improve its behavior to obtain the most long-term rewards.We focus on visual extractions in RL scenarios using first-person view images. The use of visual data often involves deep convolutional networks that work directly on images. However, these networks have significant computational complexity, lack interpretability, and sometimes suffer from instability. To overcome these difficulties, we investigated the development of a network based on radial basis functions, which enable sparse and localized activations in the input space. Radial basis function networks (RBFNs) peaked in the 1990s but were later supplanted by convolutional networks due to their high computational cost on images. In this thesis, we developed a visual feature extractor inspired by RBFNs, simplifying the computational cost on images. We used our network for solving first-person visual tasks and compared its results with various state-of-the-art methods, including end-to-end learning methods, state representation learning methods, and extreme machine learning methods. Different scenarios were tested from the VizDoom simulator and the Pybullet robotics physics simulator. In addition to comparing the rewards obtained after learning, we conducted various tests on noise robustness, parameter generation of our network, and task transfer to reality.The proposed network achieves the best performance in reinforcement learning on the tested scenarios while being easier to use and interpret. Additionally, our network is robust to various noise types, paving the way for the effective transfer of knowledge acquired in simulation to reality
Demian, Vladimir. "Conception et analyse d'algorithmes parallèles pour les réseaux neuronaux de Kohonen et de fonctions à base radiale (RBF)". Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10167.
Testo completoDariouchy, Abdelilah. "Utilisation des réseaux de neurones artificiels en diffusion acoustique et en agriculture sous serres". Le Havre, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LEHA0002.
Testo completoThis study is devoted to the models development able to predict the reduced cut-off frequencies and the forms functions for submerged tubes in water and to predict the acoustic spectrum retrodiffused by two welded plates on the one hand, and on the other hand, to predict the time series of the internal temperature and the internal moisture of the tomato greenhouse in a semi-arid area. To validate our results, the representation time-frequency of Wigner-Ville is used to compare the form function calculated by the traditional analytical method and that predicted by ANN. The control of the ANN models allows us now to consider other applications according to the requests
Viennet, Rémy. "Un nouvel outil de planification expérimentale pour l'optimisation multicritère de procédés". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/INPL_T_1997_VIENNET_R.pdf.
Testo completoFirmin, Christian. "Optimisation des réseaux de neurones à fonctions radiales de base par critères informationnels : application à la détection de défauts en production de bouteilles". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10048.
Testo completoVettori, Marco. "Growth optimization and characterization of regular arrays of GaAs/AIGaAs core/shell nanowires for tandem solar cells on silicon". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC010/document.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis is to achieve monolithical integration of Al0.2Ga0.8As-based nanowires (NWs) on Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy via the self-assisted vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) method and develop a NWs-based tandem solar cell (TSC).In order to fulfil this purpose, we firstly focused our attention on the growth of GaAs NWs this being a key-step for the development of p-GaAs/p.i.n-Al0.2Ga0.8As core/shell NWs, which are expected to constitute the top cell of the TSC. We have shown, in particular, the influence of the incidence angle of the Ga flux on the GaAs NW growth kinetic. A theoretical model and numerical simulations were performed to explain these experimental results.Subsequently, we employed the skills acquired to grow p-GaAs/p.i.n-Al0.2Ga0.8As core/shell NWs on epi-ready Si substrates. EBIC characterizations performed on these NWs have shown that they are potential building blocks for a photovoltaic cell. We then committed to growing them on patterned Si substrates so as to obtain regular arrays of NWs. We have developed a protocol, based on a thermal pre-treatment, which allows obtaining high vertical yields of such NWs (80-90 %) on patterned Si substrates (on a surface of 0.9 x 0.9 mm2).Finally, we dedicated part of our work to define the optimal fabrication process for the TSC, focusing our attention to the development of the TSC tunnel junction, the NW encapsulation and the top contacting of the NWs
Lopez, Ferber Roman. "Approches RBF-FD pour la modélisation de la pollution atmosphérique urbaine et l'estimation de sources". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT006.
Testo completoSince the industrial era, cities have been affected by air pollution due to the density of industry, vehicle traffic and the density of combustion heaters. Urban air pollution has health consequences that are of increasing concern to both public authorities and the general public. This pollution can aggravate asthma and cardiovascular problems. The aim of this thesis is to locate and quantify sources of urban pollution using a dense network of noisy measurements. We have chosen to develop methods for estimating pollution sources based on physical models of pollutant dispersion. The estimation of pollution sources is therefore constrained by knowledge of the physics of the dispersion phenomenon. This thesis therefore focuses on the numerical modelling of pollutant dispersion in an urban environment and on the estimation of source terms.Because of the many constraints imposed on pollutant flows by urban buildings, the physics of dispersion is represented by computationally expensive numerical models.We have developed a numerical dispersion model based on the Finite Difference method supported by Radial Basis Functions (RBF-FD). These approaches are known to be computationally frugal and suitable for handling simulation domains with complex geometries. Our RBF-FD model can handle both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems. We compared this model with a 2D analytical model, and qualitatively compared our 3D model with a reference numerical model.Source estimation experiments were then carried out. They consider numerous noisy measurements in order to estimate any source term over the entire simulation domain. The various studies carried out involve twin experiments: we ourselves generate measurements simulated by a numerical model and evaluate the performance of the estimates. After testing a machine-learning approach on a one-dimensional steady-state case, we tested source term estimation methods on three-dimensional steady-state and transient cases, considering geometries without and with the presence of obstacles. We tested estimates using an original adjoint method, then an original estimation method inspired by physics-informed machine learning (PIML) and finally a Kalman filter. The PIML-inspired approach, which is currently being tested in a stationary regime, produces an estimation quality comparable to that of the Kalman filter (where the latter considers a transient dispersion regime with a stationary source). The PIML-inspired approach directly exploits the frugality of the RBF-FD direct computation model, which makes it a promising method for source estimates over large computational domains
Soligon, Olivier. "Modélisation et animation du buste humain pour la compression de séquences d'images visiophoniques". Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN10043.
Testo completoDumas, Maxime. "AlertWheel visualisation radiale de graphes bipartis appliquée aux systèmes de détection d'intrusions sur des réseaux informatiques". Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/959/1/DUMAS_Maxime.pdf.
Testo completoBui, Manh-Tuan. "Vision-based multi-sensor people detection system for heavy machines". Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2156/document.
Testo completoThis thesis has been carried out in the framework of the cooperation between the Compiègne University of Technology (UTC) and the Technical Centre for Mechanical Industries (CETIM). In this work, we present a vision-based multi-sensors people detection system for safety on heavy machines. A perception system composed of a monocular fisheye camera and a Lidar is proposed. The use of fisheye cameras provides an advantage of a wide field-of-view but yields the problem of handling the strong distortions in the detection stage.To the best of our knowledge, no research works have been dedicated to people detection in fisheye images. For that reason, we focus on investigating and quantifying the strong radial distortions impacts on people appearance and proposing adaptive approaches to handle that specificity. Our propositions are inspired by the two state-of-the-art people detection approaches : the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and the Deformable Parts Model (DPM). First, by enriching the training data set, we prove that the classifier can take into account the distortions. However, fitting the training samples to the model, is not the best solution to handle the deformation of people appearance. We then decided to adapt the DPM approach to handle properly the problem. It turned out that the deformable models can be modified to be even better adapted to the strong distortions of the fisheye images. Still, such approach has adrawback of the high computation cost and complexity. In this thesis, we also present a framework that allows the fusion of the Lidar modality to enhance the vision-based people detection algorithm. A sequential Lidar-based fusion architecture is used, which addresses directly the problem of reducing the false detections and computation cost in vision-based-only system. A heavy machine dataset have been also built and different experiments have been carried out to evaluate the performances of the system. The results are promising, both in term of processing speed and performances
Zimmer, Bertrand. "Réseaux moléculaires à base de porphyrines". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13167.
Testo completo5 meso-tetraarylporphyrin derivatives bearing different coordination sites as pendent units at the meso positions have been prepared and fully characterised. Restricted rotation of the ortho-substituted phenyl rings connected at all 4 meso positions leads to 4 conformers, or atropisomers, which can be regarded as 4 full species. This particular feature allows the formation of discrete species as well as infinite molecular networks, depending upon the orientation of the pendent moieties (a4, a3b, a2b2 and abab). The atropisomerisation process was thoroughly examined, and thermodynamic as well as kinetic characteristics were determined using NMR and absorption spectroscopy. The results were used to finalize synthetic methods that increase the proportion of one given atropisomer from a mixture of the 4 species. Many of the reported compounds have also been studied in the solid state by X-ray diffraction method on single crystal. Ligands based on a combination of a tetraphenylporphyrin core and 4 catecholamido units connected at the ortho position of the phenyl moieties have been prepared, in order to design a molecular LASER system. The 4 atropisomers were separated and characterised. However, the metallation of the a4-atropisomer to form heterobimetallic complexes remained unsuccessful. The formation of H-bonded networks was investigated using porphyrin derivatives bearing 4 phenol or benzonitrile moieties. Whereas in the case of phenol containing system, both the abab and a2b2 atropisomers lead, in the crystalline phase, to three-dimensional networks, using methanol as a relay, in the case of the benzonitrile derivative, the abab isomer leads to a 1-D H-bonded network. For the a2b2 atropisomer of the pyridine containing porphyrin, depending on the crystallising solvent system, 1-D or 2-D coordination networks were obtained in the presence of copper acetate. Since the constituents of these 2 networks are the same, they offer an interesting case of structural or supramolecular isomerism
Constantin, Pierre-Louis. "La reconnaissance de caractères manuscrits par réseau neuronal à fonctions radiales de base munies d'états". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0012/MQ35726.pdf.
Testo completoDeiters, Emmanuel. "Tectonique moléculaire : Réseaux moléculaires à base de porphyrines". Strasbourg 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13095.
Testo completoA first part of this Ph. D report reminds briefly the general properties of the porphyrin macrocycle. A second part is dedicated to the conception of a photoactiv lanthanide-chromophore device which is able to lead to a laser emission. The two other parts are devoted to the building of finite (metallamacrocycles [2+2]) or infinite (coordination polymers) self assembly architectures starting from meso-tetraarylporphyrins bearing coordinating groups such as pyridyl or pyridine-N-oxide. Among the numerous results obtained, two tridimensional networks have allowed to perform reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal solvent exchanges
Filankembo, Ouassissou Antoine. "APPLICATION DE LA METHODE DE COLLOCATION RBF POUR LA RESOLUTION DE CERTAINES EQUATIONS AUX DERIVEES PARTIELLES". Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00125243.
Testo completoMisra, Soumyadeep. "Cellules solaires à jonction radiale à base de nanofils de silicium cristallin obtenus par croissance VLS assistée par plasma". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPXX0062.
Testo completoLe, Van Viet. "Optimisation temporelle des réseaux programmables à base de LUT". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345358.
Testo completoLepoint, Tancrède. "Conception and implémentation de cryptographie à base de réseaux". Phd thesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01069864.
Testo completoMessai, Nadhir. "Surveillance du trafic urbain et interurbain à base de modèles neuronaux". Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA2033.
Testo completoThe minimization of the effects of the nonrecurring congestions is a capital challenge that the management traffic centres try to raise using traffic monitoring tools. However, the algorithms employed are generally based on some heuristics and they are incompatible with the operational constraints of exploitation. This work presents a monitoring approach based on neural networks models and gives some arguments in favour of the use of neural networks (NN) for traffic modelling and monitoring. In the context of traffic modelling, NN are used in a simple and systematic way to extract fundamental diagrams (DF) which do not require any calibration effort. In addition, we formulate initialization algorithms which avoid the convergence towards local minima which are very far away from the global minimum. NN are also employed as models that predict the traffic flow. This modelling approach, which is based on a systematic validation procedure, has the advantage to keep away from the theoretical and the experimental difficulties related to the validation of the existing models. Once the modelling phase is achieved, we were interested in the monitoring problems. In this context, we propose, in a first stage, an algorithm based on the static model (DF). The incidents detection results from a segmentation of the space debit/density in four areas and the classification of the measured data in one of these areas. In order to take the edge off the limitations of this static algorithm, we were interested in a monitoring approach, which is based on the analysis of residues resulting from the comparison of real data with those obtained from the prediction model. Furthermore, we develop an alternative procedure which mixes four recurring networks. Lastly, the problem of traffic supervision on a network is tackled. Modular and hierarchical schemas which deal with this difficulty are proposed. These schemas are based on Petri nets and they have the potential to allow a temporal and a spatial observation of incidents and congestions propagations. The modeling and monitoring proposed approaches are tested and compared on two real systems: an urban crossroads of the town of Nancy and a portion of the Californian freeway I-880
Béziau, Antoine. "Tectonique moléculaire : réseaux de coordination hétérométalliques à base de dipyrrines". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF017/document.
Testo completoCoordination networks or Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid organic-Inorganic crystalline architectures displaying properties resulting from their composition and organization. The aim of this work was to synthesize, in a controlled manner, dipyrrin based new homometallic (MOFs) and heterometallic (M'MOF) coordination networks.In the first part, a strategy based on self-Assembly leading to the formation of a new family of luminescent networks [CdII(dpm)2] MOFs and [NiII(dpm)2] MOFs is described.In a second part, generation of grid-Type M'MOFs based on different primary cations (CuII, PdII, ZnII) and secondary metallic nodes (CdCl2, Cd(NCS)2, Fe(NCS)2) by a sequential strategy is presented and discussed. These M'MOFs are among the rare examples of predesigned architectures displaying substantial modularity. Importantly, it has been also demonstrated that these architectures may be efficiently prepared by a "one pot" procedure. Finally, a "zip-Unzip-Rezip" strategy consisting in the conversion of preformed MOFs into M'MOFs using auxillary ligands was developed. This unprecedented approach allows the introduction of functionality within the architectures
Maalej, Mohamed-Amine, e Véronique Delcroix. "Diagnostic multiple des systèmes complexes à base de réseaux bayésiens". Valenciennes, 2006. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/46028b3e-dbca-41c6-a69f-b740ee4d0519.
Testo completoModel Based Diagnosis approach revolutionizes the field of the diagnosis as overcoming the lack of knowledge by using Model. Our research focuses on the task of multiple diagnosis, from failure observations, for complex and highly-reliable large systems. We take the advantages of the Bayesian networks models to improve the diagnosis of this type of systems. These models integrate the components failures prior probabilities, and allow estimating posterior probabilities of diagnoses, by an approached calculation. We present a methodology of diagnosis using Bayesian network. Our approach integrates a model design method, in addition to two diagnosis algorithms : the first algorithm allows calculating the most probable diagnoses for a failing system; the second provides quickly representatives of the diagnosis classes, it reveals also the cases while additional observations are necessary. Finally we test these algorithms in terms of computing time and results quality for digital circuits of various sizes
Caille, Dominique. "Synthèse et propriétés de réseaux à base d’époxy et d'isocyanate". Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0060.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is to study the networks obtained from the reaction between a diepoxy and a diisocyanate. This materials possess two chemical species which are the oxazolidone bifunctional resulting from the addition reaction between an epoxy and an isocyanate. The second species is the isocyanurate, tridimensional, derived from the trimerization of the isocyanate groups. The preliminary study by DSC and FTIR leads· to identification of the temperature range of the two heterocycles formation reaction , By HPLC and NMR, the study of model mono functional molecules shows that there is a competition between the two reactions described above and the homopolymerization of the epoxy groups present in the reaction mixture. The viscoelastic properties of the networks are determined using the polymers obtain from a diepoxy and a diisocyanate. These mechanical properties are interesting but decrease rapidly high temperatures in the presence of oxygen. The network structures before and after oxidation are studied by 13C NMR wîth Magic Angle spinning
Yılmaz, Erhan. "Stratégies de codage pour les réseaux à base de relais". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENST0047.
Testo completoFor future wireless communication networks one of the major concerns for service providers is to provide seamless connectivity to the end-users with quality of service (QoS) as high as possible. However, to achieve the determined QoSs for all users in the network is a challenging issue due to the time-varying characteristics of communication channels, caused by multi-path fading, path-loss and shadowing, and interference as a result of sharing the same time-frequency system resources with the other communicating terminals. Recently, base station (BS) cooperation and relay station (RS) deployment have been proposed as promising technologies to notably improve the performance of next-generation wireless systems in terms of fairness, coverage, energy/cost and spectral efficiency. In this thesis, we gravitate our attention towards the use of relay stations in different wireless communication systems such as cellular telephony, Ad-hoc and satellite networks with reliability and achievable rates being our main figures of merit. In particular, we project the insights gained from information theoretic analysis of various relaying strategies into the real world settings, and assess the effectiveness and potentials of relaying in various wireless applications
Ben, Chrait Imen. "Développement de réseaux polyuréthane à base d’oligocarbonates dihydroxytéléchéliques partiellement biosourcés". Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R071.
Testo completoPartially bio-based dihydroxytelechelic oligocarbonates were synthesized by melt transcarbonatation polymerization using isosorbide as the principal bio-sourced diol and an aliphatic diol as co-monomer with diphenyl carbonate in the presence of a catalyst. The oligomers were prepared by varying the ratio of the two diol monomers. The reaction conditions were optimized to reach full conversion whilst also removing any residual phenol (by-product of the reaction). The resulting oligomers bear isosorbide units at both extremities. The hydroxyl group content is further determined by 1H-NMR according to a derivatization method. All the oligocarbonate diols were amorphous and their Tg increases with increasing isosorbide content and rigidity of the co-monomer diol. These oligocarbonates were used to develop polyurethane coatings by adding a polyisocyanate. All the coatings obtained are transparent, glossy and have a very good solvents resistance. The thermal, mechanical and physicochemical properties of polyurethanes depend on the structures of the oligocarbonate and the polyisocyanate used
Ben, Chrait Imen. "Développement de réseaux polyuréthane à base d’oligocarbonates dihydroxytéléchéliques partiellement biosourcés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR071.
Testo completoPartially bio-based dihydroxytelechelic oligocarbonates were synthesized by melt transcarbonatation polymerization using isosorbide as the principal bio-sourced diol and an aliphatic diol as co-monomer with diphenyl carbonate in the presence of a catalyst. The oligomers were prepared by varying the ratio of the two diol monomers. The reaction conditions were optimized to reach full conversion whilst also removing any residual phenol (by-product of the reaction). The resulting oligomers bear isosorbide units at both extremities. The hydroxyl group content is further determined by 1H-NMR according to a derivatization method. All the oligocarbonate diols were amorphous and their Tg increases with increasing isosorbide content and rigidity of the co-monomer diol. These oligocarbonates were used to develop polyurethane coatings by adding a polyisocyanate. All the coatings obtained are transparent, glossy and have a very good solvents resistance. The thermal, mechanical and physicochemical properties of polyurethanes depend on the structures of the oligocarbonate and the polyisocyanate used
Le, Bras Hughes. "Etude des réseaux radio sur fibre dans le contexte des réseaux d'accès et privatifs". Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812485.
Testo completoAmghar, Youssef. "Base d'objets documentaires". Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0070.
Testo completoBompard, Manuel. "MODÈLES DE SUBSTITUTION POUR L'OPTIMISATION GLOBALE DE FORME EN AÉRODYNAMIQUE ET MÉTHODE LOCALE SANS PARAMÉTRISATION". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771799.
Testo completoMartin, Loïc. "Conception d’une antenne compacte de station de base pour réseaux cellulaires". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4009/document.
Testo completoCellular networks undergo majors changes in the world. Several standards have been deployed since 1980. The enthusiasm of the general public quickly saturated the first generations and the number of services increases for every standard. Development of a new one is the occasion to find new ways to simplify the radio architecture in order to relieve consumers high quality of service. Today, this radio architecture has been simplified but base station antennas have become more and more critical for their size and create problems in towns specially. Moreover, constraints from the government and consumers associations contest deployment of new base station. Works of the thesis are focused on increasing base station antenna gain based on two different technologies. Then, conception of compact radiating elements was developed and presented through a small array. Good results open new perspectives to realize a compact multiband base station antenna thanks to new compact radiating element sized in others frequency bands
Rosas, Erika. "Services à base de communautés de confiance dans les réseaux P2P". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066573.
Testo completoLasserre, Marvin. "Apprentissages dans les réseaux bayésiens à base de copules non-paramétriques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS029.
Testo completoModeling multivariate continuous distributions is a task of central interest in statistics and machine learning with many applications in science and engineering. However, high-dimensional distributions are difficult to handle and can lead to intractable computations. The Copula Bayesian Networks (CBNs) take advantage of both Bayesian networks (BNs) and copula theory to compactly represent such multivariate distributions. Bayesian networks rely on conditional independences in order to reduce the complexity of the problem, while copula functions allow to model the dependence relation between random variables. The goal of this thesis is to give a common framework to both domains and to propose new learning algorithms for copula Bayesian networks. To do so, we use the fact that CBNs have the same graphical language as BNs which allows us to adapt their learning methods to this model. Moreover, using the empirical Bernstein copula both to design conditional independence tests and to estimate copulas from data, we avoid making parametric assumptions, which gives greater generality to our methods
Clavière, Simon. "Clustering hiérarchique et adaptatif à base de marches aléatoires". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0053.
Testo completoWe propose in this work size-oriented distributed clustering algorithms aimed at large-scale dynamic distributed networks. The clusters we build are of size between K and 2K, with K a parameter of the algorithm and we build cluster spanning trees to allow for their organization. We present a first algorithm to compute a binary hierarchy of nested disjoint clusters in static networks. A token browses the network randomly and recruits nodes to its cluster. When a cluster reaches a maximal size defined by the parameter K, it is divided (when possible), and tokens are created in both new clusters. The naming process used for the clusters, along with the information stored during each division, allows routing between any two clusters. Next, we present a version o this algorithm adaptive to topological changes. The algorithm is made resistant to topological changes through the broadcast of renaming messages in clusters. We have developed methods allowing the management of a topological change inside a cluster. They divide into 2 a hierarchical structure that does not meet the specification any longer, and merge them. Last, we present a silent self-stabilizing clustering algorithm. Based on a different approach, we forbid that two adjacent clusters are both of size less than K. We build a cluster tree rooted in an elected node
Zwecker, Stella. "Représentation et spécification d'architectures d'interconnexion de réseaux hétérogènes vers la définition d'une base de connaissances". Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30052.
Testo completoGoujon, Laurent. "Élaboration d’un dispositif électroémissif flexible à base de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0532/document.
Testo completoDuring this thesis a thin (140 µm) and flexible electroemissive device (EED), based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN), was elaborated. An electronic conducting polymer, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), is interpenetrated in a host matrix to obtain a system whose monoblock architecture is comparable to a three-layers device. Once the system is swollen by an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide (EMImTFSI), the EED optical properties are tunable between 24 and 51% reflection in the mid-infrared (Band III) by varying the electrical voltage applied across the device from -1.5 V to +1.5 V. The EED thermomechanical properties are mainly from the host matrix. This is an IPN combining flexibility and tensile strength of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with the ionic conductivity properties of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) in the presence of EMImTFSI
Dia, Nada. "Nanoparticules photomagnétiques et agents de contraste à base de réseaux de coordination". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813757.
Testo completoBasso, Gillian. "Approche à base d'agents pour l'ingénierie et le contrôle de micro-réseaux". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982342.
Testo completoMichaud, Philippe. "Synthèse et caractérisation de réseaux interprénètres polyuréthanne-polyvinylique à base d'isocyanates bloqués". Lyon, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAL0035.
Testo completoVancaeyzeele, Cédric. "Synthèse et caractérisation de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères à base de polyisobutène". Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0202.
Testo completoNew based polyisobutène (PIB) materials have been synthesized. First PIB single networks from different polyisobutène telechelic and different way of synthesis have been carried out and characterized. These single networks are then associated with another plastomer network into interpenetrated polymer networks (IPNs), two entangled networks without covalent bounds between them. These IPNs are synthesis in situ and the best interpenetration degree is obtained when the PIB network is first formed. Thus, PIB/PS IPNs are synthesized in order to improve PIB network mechanical properties and there morphologie depends on the weight proportion of each component. When PIB amount is bigger than PS amount, spherical PS domains are dispersed into PIB matrix and the material has good damping properties. But when PIB amount is lower than PS amount, both phases are co-continuous and material is rigid. These IPNs have improved ageing resistance under UV than PIB or PS single network. Thus IPNs structure protect polymer against outside attack. PMMA Matrix with PIB domains dispersed should allow building a transparent impact resistant material. But this morphologie has not been obtained. However, with polycyclohexyl methacrylate (PCHMA), all the IPNs PIB/PCHMA are transparent, flexible and a little bite elastic. Their high interpenetration degree between the two polymers is characterized by a new glass transition appearance between 30 and 110ʿC, temperature at which IPNs are shock absorber
Laffréchine, Katia. "Base de données urbaine pour la gestion des réseaux d'assainissement non-visitables". Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10653.
Testo completoDanglot, Jérôme. "Dispositifs microondes et optiques à base de matériaux à gaps de photon". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-113-114.pdf.
Testo completoTanguy, Sébastien. "Test et testabilité des FPGA hiérarchiques à base de cellules mémoires SRAM". Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20050.
Testo completoSage, Eric. "Nouveau concept de spectrométre de masse à base de réseaux de nanostructures résonantes". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENY045/document.
Testo completoThe aim of the project is to bring a proof of concept of a simplified mass spectrometer architecture using an ultra dense network of NEMS in association with elements of CMOS circuit as sensors in order to amplify the signal in situ and adress them individually. Since several years, Roukes' team at Caltech has demonstrated a mass spectrometry with a NEMS. In parallel, the CEA/LETI-MINATEC has developped a fabrication approach called VLSI of NEMS and an electromecanical simulation method of these elements The first objective of this thesis is to study the noise phenomenon currently limiting our mass resolution in order to reach 10 Da instead of current 1000 Da on ranges going from 10 Da to 1MDa. In a second step, the concept of NEMS-based mass spectrometry is validated by comparison a nanometric cluster spectra with those from a conventional time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Then, a frequency addressing technique is applied on an NEMS array to allow for quasi simultaneous tracking of 20 different resonators. Finally, the NEMS array is inserted in the nanocluster bench to measure 20 spectra in parallel and validate a first proof of concept
Shinoda, Kosei. "Contrôle et opération des réseaux HVDC multi-terminaux à base de convertisseurs MMC". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0017.
Testo completoThe scope of this thesis includes control and management of the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based Multi-Terminal Direct Current (MTDC).At first, our focus is paid on the internally stored energy, which is the important additional degree of freedom brought by the complex topology of MMC. In order to draw out the utmost of this additional degree of freedom, an in-depth analysis of the limits of this internally stored energy is carried out, and they are mathematically formulated.Then, this degree of freedom of the MMC is used to provide a completely new solution to improve the DC voltage dynamics. A novel control strategy, named Virtual Capacitor Control, is proposed. Under this control, the MMC behaves as if there were a physical capacitor whose size is adjustable. Thus, it is possible to virtually increase the equivalent capacitance of the DC grid to mitigate the DC voltage fluctuations in MTDC systems.Finally, the scope is extended to MMC-based MTDC grid. One of the crucial challenges for such system is to cope with a sudden loss of a converter station which may lead to a great variation of the system voltage. The voltage droop method is commonly used for this purpose. The analysis shows that the desired control action may not be exerted when the available headroom of the converter stations are insufficient. We thus propose a novel voltage droop control structure which permits to provide different actions depending on the sign of DC voltage deviation caused by the disturbance of system voltage as well as an algorithm that determines the droop parameters taking into account the operating point and the available headroom of each station
Bibas, Serge. "Gaspar : Simulateur à base de modèles pour la supervision de réseaux de télécommunication". Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132008.
Testo completoBertin, Laurence. "Synthèse et caractérisation physico-chimique de nouveaux réseaux polyuréthane à base de polyalcénamères". Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10613.
Testo completoPlesse, Cédric. "Elaboration d'actionneurs à base de Réseaux interprénétrés de polymères contenant un polymère conducteur". Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0198.
Testo completoThe present work deals with the synthesis of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) based on conducting polymer. An IPN is used in order to solve the interface and adhesion problems encountered with the multilayered based actuators. The IPNs are synthesized between poly(ethylene oxide) and polybutadiene networks in which the conducting polymer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)), PEDOT, is gradually dispersed i. E. The content decreases from the outside towards the center of the film. The IPN and conducting IPN morphologies were investigated by DMA and microscopy. The choice of solid polymer electrolyte system is critical when operating in air. Aqueous solution or organic solvents containing electrolytes were first used, but drying process could not be prevented. The most promising results are obtained with a room temperature ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMITFSI). These actuators can achieve more than 7 106 bendings from 1 to 18 Hz under an applied potential in the range of 2 to 5 V. In order to understand the mechanisms involved during the redox switching of PEDOT in EMITFSI, electrochemical studies of electrodeposited PEDOT were carried out in this ionic liquid. The ions transfer mechanisms were identified. Results indicated that 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation was the exchanged species during the oxidation. In this case, a volume decrease of the conducting IPN was observed during the oxidation process. Then, bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide anion could be viewed as immobile ions trapped in the polymer film. Moreover, the relaxation kinetics of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) electrodeposited on platinum electrode surface were studied in the room temperature ionic liquid, EMITFSI, by means of large amplitude potential step experiments. The influence of the applied potential and the film thickness were analyzed. We have developed a kinetic model allowing the determination of the kinetic features. Finally, galvanostatic studies allow us to show that these conducting IPN actuators behave as a type I supercapacitor. A detailed analysis of the charging/discharging kinetics indicated that a linear correlation was shown between the electrical response (potential versus time) and the mechanical response (bending of the actuator)
Juger, Jonathan. "Vers l'élaboration d'actionneurs électrostimulables à base de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères liquides ioniques". Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CERG0426.
Testo completoElaborate solid polymer electrolyte responds to the necessity of enhance the performances of electrochemical devices in the field of energy storage, nanotechnologies, fuell cells, solar cells, or for electroactiv devices like actuators. The main objective of this study is to synthesize new polymer electrolyte with special salts which are in a liquid state at room temperature : ionic liquids (ILs). Two strategies have been carried out in parallel : one which consists to synthesize interpenetrating networks (IPNs) based on a cellulose derivative and a poly (ethylene oxide) swollen in an exogenous IL ; the other, more innovating, consists in the elaboration of IPNs based on polymerisable ionic liquids. The mechanical and ionic conducting properties of those new materials have been investigated. Then, the incorporation of an electronic conducting polymer at the surface of those different IPNS led to the elaboration of all-solid polymer based actuators on which the performances have been evaluated
Marets, Nicolas. "Tectonique moléculaire : assemblages supramoléculaires fonctionnels à base de porphyrines". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF034/document.
Testo completoMolecular tectonic studies the construction of periodic crystalline architectures through self-assembly of tectons. The objective of this work was to associate the principles of molecular tectonic to the possibility of functionalization of the porphyrin macrocycle to generate functional assemblies.In the first part, the surface functionalization with porphyrins was performed. The synthesis of novel meso-substituted asymmetric porphyrins with several coordinating groups such as pyridine, ethynylpyridine or ethynylterpyridine was carried. These porphyrins have allowed the formation of mono- or bi-dimensional networks on surfaces.The second part focuses on the formation of coordination networks in the crystalline state. Different porphyrins were synthesized in order to generate chiral, directional or flexible networks in the solid state.Finally, in a last part, the functionalization of porphyrins with pyrogallate groups was performed. One porphyrin and it zinc complex have shown the formation of rectangular columnar mesophases. In this part, the functionalization of the porphyrin with isomerizable groups was also performed in order to generate photo-commutable mesophases
Rautu, Dorin Marian. "Déploiement temporaire d'une infrastructure de communication à base de drones". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0086.
Testo completoRecently, the use of drones is booming in many areas, newly in parcel or meal shippement. Analogue to this deployment,the flexibility and resilience requirements of cellular networks are not always met by terrestrial base stations, mainly in the case of unforeseen events, such as natural disasters, gatherings or sports events. One promising solution is to benefit from the availability of drones in order to fulfill the temporary failures of cellular networks by helping them to meet the demands by extending the coverage using the access points installed onboard the UAVs. Although drones offer rapid deployment, the placement becomes one of the key issues. In this thesis we focus on this type of networks and in the drone placement by proposing a deployment method based on an analogy with Coulomb's law, the users and the drones acting like electric charges, the drones being attracted by users
Parasuraman, Jayalakshmi. "Vers des métamatériaux thermoélectriques à base de super-réseaux verticaux : principes et verrous technologiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1092/document.
Testo completoMetamaterials offer the benefit of obtaining improved physical properties over natural materials. In this work, we explore a new variety of thermoelectric metamaterials based on silicon micro- and nano- structuration, in the form of vertical superlattices for use in energy-related applications. Additionally, we focus on a route towards fabricating these materials using simple and low-cost means compared to prior attempts. The first part of this thesis serves as an introduction to the thermal phenomena which form the basis for electrical conduction and heat dissipation by thermionic emission and phonon scattering at the nanoscale. These principles forms the crux of the device. This section also details the characterization principles and results using the 3ω and 2ω methods for thermal measurement. The second part of this thesis describes both top-down and bottom-up approaches towards fabricating nanoscale superlattices from single-crystalline silicon. The novel proposed vertical architecture raised technological challenges that were tackled through the exploration of original experimental techniques for producing high aspect ratio (HAR) structures in an effective manner and over large surface areas. These techniques include the use of traditional lithography patterning and subsequent extrusion of volumic structures. Additionally, the use of nanofibers and diblock copolymers as templates for further etching of HAR silicon nanostructures are also presented to bring us closer to the ultimate goal of the project
Djioua, Brahim. "Modélisation informatique d'une base de connaissances lexicales (DISSC) : réseaux polysémiques et schémas sémantico-cognitifs". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040180.
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