Tesi sul tema "Réseau autonomique"
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Nguengang, Fanmegne Gérard. "Une nouvelle approche de gestion de réseau : le pilotage autonomique : application à la gestion des réseaux de domicile". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066317.
Testo completoChafla, altamirano Juan. "VERS UNE GESTION AUTONOMIQUE DE RÉSEAU ALIMENTÉE PAR DRL, SDN ET GAN POUR L’OPTIMISATION DU ROUTAGE". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEI021.
Testo completoNetwork technologies have evolved significantly to support increasing user demands, such as ultra-low delay communications and higher data rates. Key technologies like cloud computing, SDN, NFV, and vRAN are pivotal in this transformation, enabling efficient service delivery but increasing management complexity. Next-generation networks (NGNs), including 5G, exemplify this transformation, requiring advanced architectures to handle high traffic volumes, numerous connected devices, and improved user experience while reducing operational and capital expenditures. These technologies result in complex, heterogeneous systems that traditional management approaches cannot handle effectively. Consequently, new network management (NM) strategies are essential, focusing on autonomous control enhanced by emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and network programmability. Researchers, industry, and standard-developing organizations are working towards creating intelligent network architectures through adaptable management systems using control loops, network telemetry, AI algorithms, and advanced mechanisms for self-management. The autonomic network management (ANM) paradigm, inspired by autonomic computing, aims to provide self-management functions to reduce network complexity. While autonomic principles have been applied in networks since their inception, modern complexities necessitate more comprehensive ANM systems. Recent technological advancements have revived interest in autonomic ideas. This thesis focused on studying NM systems through the lens of the autonomic networking paradigm, offering insights into their characteristics, fundamental concepts, and evolutionary trajectory. We developed evaluation criteria to assess the autonomic properties of ANM systems, providing a comprehensive understanding and identifying challenges and future research directions. Based on these criteria, we developed an ANM system architecture that implements autonomic properties and leverages emerging technologies. Specifically, we presented a self-management architecture integrating a DRL engine and an SDN controller (SDN-C), capable of autonomously decide and execute adaptive actions. This architecture serves as a framework for ANM systems, adaptable to different network environments and management objectives through DRL engine parameter adjustments. We evaluated our ANM system in a simulation environment based on Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) integrated with OpenAI Gym, focusing on a remote/rural network scenario where resources are scarce and manual intervention is undesirable. We demonstrated that our DRL-powered ANM system could efficiently handle routing optimization compared to other approaches. Our study included an exhaustive review of state-of-the-art routing optimization techniques based on DRL/SDN and autonomic properties, identifying technological advances and gaps to ensure our proposal's innovation. Our contributions in the routing optimization domain with DRL/SDN include: (i) The use of distributed DRL agents with autonomous decision-making power; (ii) Independence from traditional routing protocols; and (iii) A single action approach, where a DRL agent defines the optimal path in a single decision affecting multiple nodes simultaneously. After successful simulation, we tested our proposal in an emulated environment using Containernet and OpenAI Gym, addressing challenges such as training bottlenecks, real-time metric collection, and action application. We integrated Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) into our architecture to generate synthetic observations and rewards, accelerating DRL agent training and overcoming bottlenecks. This innovative approach resulted in a highly effective and functional routing optimization solution. Unlike existing literature, our proposal combines multiple contributions and substantively improves DRL algorithms for network environments through the inclusion of the GAN module
Freiderikos, Vasilis. "Architectures autonomiques pour le réseau local domestique". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066428.
Testo completoAbid, Bessaoud Meriem. "Pilotage autonomique de la mobilité dans les réseaux sans fil hétérogènes". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066690.
Testo completoMolinier, Lionel. "Introduction de techniques autonomiques au sein des réseaux de domicile". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066312.
Testo completoThe work done in this thesis has for support the newcoming home neworks. The star topology centred around the home gateway tends to be replaced by a veridic network, composed of several actives devices (HNID) distributed in the home, or in small offices. It is merging all services from the telephony to the television, encompassing the Internet and even the domotic, … This network has to provide a full coverage of the home with huge throughput which will be conveyed, in a first version, by WiFi et HomePlug AV mediums. Major challenges has to be taken up in terms of routing to have a nice QoS in all cases, but also in terms of management to provide to the network operator (ISP) tools helpful for network diagnostics and maintenance. The complexity of such transformation leeds us to believe that autonomics techniques may play an important role. After a study of the market and of its constraints, the work presented consists in the problem formalisation, thus in the conception and the experimentation of autonomic solution based on MAS. This will be applied to routing and management concerns. A prototype has been developped to face this concepts to real problems, leading us to several business de- monstrations. Results obtained are already promising and illustrates the possibility of autonomic networking in this domain
Movahedi, Zeinab. "Une architecture autonomique pour les réseaux sans-fil : proposition et méthodologie d'évaluation". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066537.
Testo completoBaron, Catherine. "Autonomie - intégration des espaces urbains africains". Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D008.
Testo completoThe study, over the long term, of urban dynamics specific to african societies, yields a number of answers. These allow to understand, on one hand, the role of cities in societies that find themselves in the midst of a crisis, and, on the other hand, the internal structure of complex spatial organizations. Economic theory - from a sectorial point of view (study of the informal sector of the economy) and spacial theory (analysis of urban morphology) - provides useful tools for this study. Nevertheless, these tools have shortcoming when "false evidences" in the analysis of original phenomena need to be overcome. For example, even though the shanty town looks, at first, as the realm of "anomie", its internal organization has a deep rationale. The regulatory fonctions are ensured, from an economic point of view, in part by the informal sector. As an autonomous space within an integrated environment, could the shanty town not be at the base of the social reorganizations possible in african cities ? As such, and in due time, couldn't they lead towards new development styles ? In order to answer these questions, new analytical tools need to be developed both in the field of development economics and of urban economics. Resorting to an approach in terms of "globality" can open the discussion on alternative frameworks : for example, an approach in terms of "embodied spaces", leading to the understanding of shanty towns as real territories, seems to yield interesting clues for further research
Sharrock, Rémi. "Gestion autonomique de performance, d'énergie et de qualité de service : Application aux réseaux filaires, réseaux de capteurs et grilles de calcul". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11717/1/sharrock.pdf.
Testo completoSharrock, Remi. "Gestion autonomique de performance, d'énergie et de qualité de service. Application aux réseaux filaires, réseaux de capteurs et grilles de calcul". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578735.
Testo completoGharbi, Ghada. "Gestion autonomique d'objets communicants dans le cadre des réseaux machine à machine sous des contraintes temporelles". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30262.
Testo completoThe decrease in communication costs, the improvement of networks performance and the evolution of the dedicated services platforms managing multiple objects, led to the appearance of new practices and applications gathered under the designation of Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M). M2M systems have to integrate in a coordinated way various devices and software modules such as sensors, actuators, displays, middleware, etc. M2M expansion gives rise to extensive data exploitation, effective routing and reasoning mechanisms for an appropriate decision making and a coordinated control in a predictive and reactive way. This work aims to meet self-management challenges characterized by recent studies of autonomic computing. It deals with the modeling and the validation of M2M systems operating in a dynamic context and under a set of functional and non-functional properties, specifically temporal ones. To do so, we propose to rely on graph grammars and model checking related techniques. This allows to configure and to reconfigure a set of communicating objects by considering a set of constraints. First, we were interested in the validation at design time of M2M communications operating under temporal constraints. A verification and validation approach based on timed automata was proposed. A smart grid scenario was developed to validate the proposed model. This step is necessary, however it is not sufficient. Indeed, M2M systems are dynamic and verification at run time is important. To validate the execution of an M2M system, we focused on in its functional and temporal aspects. We referred to the European standard smartM2M to define an architectural style for M2M systems. This standard was selected for the following reasons: (1) its independence of the application domain and the objects' communication technology, (2) its broad scope and (3) its deployment on industrial systems. To validate the M2M system' functionalities, a multi-model approach was proposed: a first model, named functional, representing a real-time view of M2M system and a second model, named formal, based on a graph grammar incorporating the concepts of the functional layer. To conduct dynamic reconfiguration actions, graph transformation rules have been defined. Bi-directional communication mechanisms have been set up to maintain coherence between the real system and its models. A smart metering use case was developed to validate the proposed approach. With the aim of validating temporal properties of an M2M system during its execution, this approach has been extended with new concepts. We have defined a three-layers based approach to describe the features and temporal properties of an M2M system: an application layer which incorporates the concepts defined in the formal layer of the previous approach with extensions to express temporal properties between applications M2M, a service layer to describe the necessary components to meet the specification of the upper layer and infrastructure layer describing their deployment. An autonomic manager interacts with these layers to supervise and control the temporal behavior of the system. These layers are part of the autonomic manager knowledge base. The autonomic manager architecture and dynamic reconfiguration mechanisms were detailed. An eHealth scenario has been designed to illustrate the proposed approach
Sawma, Gilbert. "Un système de pilotage autonomique pour la distribution de charge dans les réseaux sans fil Wi-Fi". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066755.
Testo completoBacha, Joelle. "Réseaux sociaux et autonomisation des adolescents". Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957080.
Testo completoSouihi, Sami. "Mise en oeuvre d’une plateforme de gestion et de dissémination des connaissances pour des réseaux autonomiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1193/document.
Testo completoThe growth of the Internet, the emergence of new needs expressed by the advent of smart devices ( smartphones, touchpads , etc. ) and the development of new underlying applications induce many changes in the use of information technology in our everyday life and in all sectors. This new use that match new needs required to rethink the foundation of the network architecture itself, which has resulted in the emergence of new concepts based on a "use-centeric" view instead of a "network-centric" view. In fact, the control mechanisms of the transmission network must not only exploit the information on data, control and management planes, but also the knowledge acquired or learned by inductive or deductive inference on the current state of the network (traffic, resources, the rendering of the application, etc.) to accelerate decision making by the control elements of the network. This thesis is dealing with this latter aspect, which makes it consistent with work done on autonomic networks. It is about conceiving and implementing methods for the management, distribution and exploitation of knowledge necessary for the proper functioning of the transmission network. The knowledge plane that we implemented is based on both the idea of developing a management within an adaptive hierarchical structure where only some selected nodes are responsible for the dissemination of knowledge and the idea of linking these nodes through a spanning set of specialized networks to facilitate the exploitation of this knowledge. Compared to traditionally used platforms, the one developed in this thesis clearly shows the interest of the developed algorithms in terms of access time, distribution and load sharing between the control nodes for knowledge management. For validation purposes, our platform was tested on two application examples : Cloud computing and smart grids
Romito, Benoit. "Stockage décentralisé adaptatif : autonomie et mobilité des données dans les réseaux pair-à-pair". Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2072.
Testo completoHounkonnou, Carole. "Auto-diagnostic actif dans les réseaux de télécommunications". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932834.
Testo completoFrigui, Nejm Eddine. "Maintenance automatique du réseau programmable d'accès optique de très haut débit". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IMTA0127/document.
Testo completoPassive Optical Network (PON) representing one of the most attractive FTTH access network solutions, have been widely deployed for several years thanks to their ability to offer high speed services. However, due to the dynamicity of users traffic patterns, PONs need to rely on an efficient upstream bandwidth allocation mechanism. This mechanism is currently limited by the static nature of Service Level Agreement (SLA) parameters which can lead to an unoptimized bandwidth allocation in the network. The objective of this thesis is to propose a new management architecture for optimizing the upstream bandwidth allocation in PON while acting only on manageable parameters to allow the involvement of self-decision elements into the network. To achieve this, classification techniques based on machine learning approaches are used to analyze the behavior of PON users and to specify their upstream data transmission tendency. A dynamic adjustment of some SLA parameters is then performed to maximize the overall customers’ satisfaction with the network
Mbarek, Nader. "Autonomie dans les réseaux : négociation du niveau de service de bout en bout dans un framework de gestion autonome". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13453.
Testo completoRomaniello, Gabriele. "Pile de protocoles pour des réseaux des capteurs avec récupération d'énergie". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENM009/document.
Testo completoThis thesis concerns energy efficient protocols for harvested wireless sensor networks. It is a part of an industrial Internet of Things project. STMicroelectronics started the GreenNet project with the objective to develop and design a new generation of harvesting smart objects to be integrated in the Internet of Things. The GreenNet platform is novel with respect to the existing solutions due to its small size that implies a small energy buffer and small harvesting capabilities. This aspect makes the standard protocols and precedent solutions not directly applicable on this extremely low power platform. In this dissertation, we analyse standard protocols and existing solutions to identify their issues in the gn platform. Then, we provide protocol and algorithm adaptations to make feasible the concept of auto configurable and sustainable networks of GreenNet nodes. We proposed MCBT, an energy efficient protocol for the bootstrap procedure. It enables low power nodes to be enrolled in mh mc wireless sensor networks thanks to the network support for enrolling new nodes. It represents an energy efficient solution that extends the standard protocol. We proposed STADA, a sustainable algorithm to adapt the node activity according to the available energy and traffic conditions. STADA is based on a weighted function that takes into account the energy present in the battery, the energy harvesting rate, and network traffic. In this way, the algorithm takes into account all main parameters to adapt the energy consumption and improve the node performance. To make the harvested network more efficient according to light variations, we proposed a novel metric that makes the path choice a simple process. With the Expected Delay, we synthesize all network parameters in a single monotonic variable that facilitates the path choice in mh harvesting wireless sensor networks. All proposed solutions are designed to work with standard beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 protocols and are easily portable on the future version of IEEE 802.15.4e. We validated the proposed protocols with emulations and simulations. The evaluation results shown better performance in terms of energy consumption and quality of service
Ludwig, Marie. "Autonomie et reconfiguration des systèmes de systèmes tactiques". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965813.
Testo completoSojecki, Sandrine. "Autonomie et gouvernance dans de nouvelles formes de régulations sociales : Le cas des interfaces entre groupes de travail dans le secteur du conseil". Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090015.
Testo completoGovernance, as usually applied in so-called classical organisations is not sufficient to cope with the complexity of new organisational networking patterns. It is advisable to support such organisations to further develop participative and transverse governance thanks to inter-group cooperation. The case study of interfaces among the different working groups of a Consultancy company highlights the major dimensions, obstacles and/or vectors of change for the governance mode. This company is striving to implement a new matrix and organisational structure. The transverse management requires changes in the work organisational modes that challenge the type of autonomy at work, social regulations, “subsidiarity”, trust as well as group micro-culture. Changes require a learning process related to new interactions that goes naturally along with a revision of authority stratums and modes of social regulations of the organisation
Ayari, Mouna. "Architecture de gestion décentralisée de la qualité de service par politiques dans les réseaux Ad Hoc". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066006.
Testo completoMezher, Youssef. "Enseignement supérieur au XXIe siècle : Place de la formation tout au long de la vie à l'université". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR1PS09.
Testo completoHarvey, Lisa-Marie. "Les réseaux de solidarité des personnes âgées en milieu rural gaspésien". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28104.
Testo completoCristini, Frédéric. "Amélioration de la résilience de systèmes spatiaux soumis à des menaces : vers des réseaux de satellites autonomes". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0025/document.
Testo completoAlthough Earth observation space systems are designed with strong safety requirements due to an hostile natural space environment, they remain vulnerable to an increasing range of emerging space threats such as antisatellite weapons or orbital debris. Instead of a physical protection of these monolithic and remote-controlled assets, we propose a design strategy based on the concept of resilience which is the ability of a system to maintain an acceptable level of performance in the presence of unforeseeable disturbance.Thanks to the latest space technology innovations, we devised new system architectures composed of networked constellations of heterogeneous and autonomous interacting microsatellites. We decided to model these architectures, called autonomous networked constellations (RCA in French), thanks to Petri nets, and more specifically their nets-within-nets variant. Using telecommunication and multiagent metrics, we assessed different RCA configurations through their operational performance and communicability, for nominal as wellas degraded modes. From the resilience point of view, we present quantitative results that point out the benefits of dense space networks and embedded autonomous reconfiguration modules
Cui, Jin. "Data aggregation in wireless sensor networks". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI065/document.
Testo completoWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been regarded as an emerging and promising field in both academia and industry. Currently, such networks are deployed due to their unique properties, such as self-organization and ease of deployment. However, there are still some technical challenges needed to be addressed, such as energy and network capacity constraints. Data aggregation, as a fundamental solution, processes information at sensor level as a useful digest, and only transmits the digest to the sink. The energy and capacity consumptions are reduced due to less data packets transmission. As a key category of data aggregation, aggregation function, solving how to aggregate information at sensor level, is investigated in this thesis. We make four main contributions: firstly, we propose two new networking-oriented metrics to evaluate the performance of aggregation function: aggregation ratio and packet size coefficient. Aggregation ratio is used to measure the energy saving by data aggregation, and packet size coefficient allows to evaluate the network capacity change due to data aggregation. Using these metrics, we confirm that data aggregation saves energy and capacity whatever the routing or MAC protocol is used. Secondly, to reduce the impact of sensitive raw data, we propose a data-independent aggregation method which benefits from similar data evolution and achieves better recovered fidelity. Thirdly, a property-independent aggregation function is proposed to adapt the dynamic data variations. Comparing to other functions, our proposal can fit the latest raw data better and achieve real adaptability without assumption about the application and the network topology. Finally, considering a given application, a target accuracy, we classify the forecasting aggregation functions by their performances. The networking-oriented metrics are used to measure the function performance, and a Markov Decision Process is used to compute them. Dataset characterization and classification framework are also presented to guide researcher and engineer to select an appropriate functions under specific requirements
Dubois, Pascale. "La transition école-emploi de jeunes adultes présentant un trouble développemental du langage : les rôles de la motivation autonome et du soutien à l'autonomie offert par l'entourage de l'élève". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68409.
Testo completoPeople with developmental language disorder (DLD) have difficulties understanding language and expressing themselves. These difficulties, which are not associated with another disorder, significantly impact their everyday functioning. For young adults, they may translate into challenges during the school-to-worktransition. As of now, little is known regarding the factors that may explain why some people with DLD succeed during this transition, while others experience major difficulties. This dissertation aims to better understand this life period for this population, under the lens of self-determination theory (SDT). The main purpose is to validate a motivational model of school-to-work transition, in which autonomy support from different sources predicts the young adult’s motivation toward the job search, which is subsequently associated with the transition success and psychological well-being. It includes three articles. The first article presents an integration of the three theories on which this dissertation is grounded, namely the Human Development Model – Disability Creation Process 2 (HDM-DCP2), the capability approach, and self-determination theory. The agency model is suggested to support the optimal development and well-being of people with disabilities. The second article is a systematic review of the outcomes of young adults with DLD that synthesizes the strengths and challenges of this population in three life domains, including employment. The predictive role of language abilities, evaluated for each domain, remains limited. Finally, to meet the objectives of this dissertation, the third article presents the results of a retrospective study (37 young adults with DLD) and a prospective study (218 students in their final year of the Work-Oriented Training Path [WOTP], including 52 with DLD). Overall, the results supported the motivational model. In the prospective study, the analyses were conducted on the whole sample because participants with DLD were similar to their peers in the WOTP on all the measured variables. Specifically, autonomy support from the father and from friends was associated to autonomous motivation toward job search in both studies, as well as autonomy support from the teachers in the retrospective study. Autonomous motivation was subsequently associated with psychological well-being in both studies, and with the success of the school-to-work transition in the prospective study. These relations were also observed for controlled motivation. The absence of relation between motivation and the success of the transition in the retrospective study could be related to environmental obstacles that these young adults encountered on the job market in the long run. This dissertation thus evidences the relevance of self-determination theory in the study of school-to-work transition of young adults with DLD. Autonomy support and motivation partly explain the school-to-work transition success and psychological well-being. These findings have important theoretical, methodological, and practical implications that are discussed. Further research avenues are also suggested.
Abadie, Lana. "Une approche "autonomic" pour la configuration d'une expérience PHE (Physique des Hautes Energies) appliquée à LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty)". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066329.
Testo completoSéverin, Marianne. "Les réseaux ANC (1910-2004) : histoire politique de la constitution du leadership de la nouvelle Afrique du Sud". Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40048.
Testo completoAfter a little more than forty years of discriminatory regime, South Africa's political scene changed in April 1994 with the victory of the African National Congress (ANC), accessing to the head of the Government. With these first democratic and multiracial elections, new political executives representing the whole South-African population, replaced those who had represented the white minority only. These new dealers, although lacking a bit of experience in State management, are long time political professionals. They followed their political courses between the years 1940 and 1990 as anti-apartheid activists. Then, they became actors of influence during the democratisation phase and the elections' victory. In order to understand their course and to give answers to the question concerning criteria of nominations between the middle of the years 1980 (during the secret negociations) and 2004, this thesis took into account the courses of life and the acquisition of "political competence" during the opposition years, to finally identify the criteria of selection and reconstitute the "ANC Networks"
Saadon, Guy. "New architecture and function to improve autonomy, dynamicity, and intelligence of future network management". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT042.
Testo completo5G and IoT networks face an explosion in demand, and therefore become more complex and difficult to manage. Automation is limited and human intervention generates errors. On the standardization side, orchestration, SDN controllers, and network virtualization introduce partial dynamicity. On the research side, user centric services require agility and intelligence. However, the orchestration is monolithic. The dynamicity and autonomy relating to “on-demand” are not guaranteed. Thus, after 20 years of experience in the telecom industry, our contributions attempt to meet these new challenges. Our first architectural and organizational proposal introduces a new layer to design and manage virtual services. Our orchestration is distributed over 5 layers to guarantee autonomy and performance. Our second proposal, functional, supported by a simulation, addresses the dynamicity of “ondemand” services. Our last proposal supported by a numerical analysis, is a decision-making function, based on the high-level SLA in order to improve the ratio of allowable services. Faced with these needs of autonomy, dynamicity, and intelligence of the new ecosystem, our research aims at the holy grail of "zero-touch"
Terrasson, G. "Contribution à la conception d'un émetteur-récepteur pour microcapteurs autonomes". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00399462.
Testo completoSánchez, Vílchez José Manuel. "Cross-layer self-diagnosis for services over programmable networks". Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELE0012/document.
Testo completoCurrent networks serve billions of mobile customer devices. They encompass heterogeneous equipment, transport and manage-ment protocols, and vertical management tools, which are very difficult and costly to integrate. Fault management operations are far from being automated and intelligent, where around 40% of alarms are redundant only around 1-2% of alarms are correlated at most in a medium-size operational center. This indicates that there is a significant alarm overflow for human administrators, which inherently derives in high OPEX due to the increasingly need to employ high-skilled people to perform fault management tasks. In conclusion, the current level of automation in fault management tasks in Telcos networks is not at all adequate for programmable networks, which promise a high degree of programmability and flexibility to reduce the time-to-market. Automation on fault management is more necessary with the advent of programmable networks, led by with SDN (Software-Defined Networking), NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) and the Cloud. Indeed, the arise of those paradigms accelerates the convergence between networks and IT realms, which as consequence, is accelerating faster and faster the transformation of cur-rent networks leading to rethink network and service management and operations, in particular fault management operations. This thesis envisages the application of self-healing principles in SDN and NFV combined infrastructures, by focusing on self-diagnosis tasks as main enabler of self-healing. The core of thesis is to devise a self-diagnosis approach able to diagnose at run-time the dynamic virtualized networking services and their dependencies from the virtualized resources (VNFs and virtual links) but also the dependencies of those virtualized resources from the underlying network infrastructure, taking into account the mobility, dynamicity, and sharing of resources in the underlying infrastructure
Levaltier, Béatrice. "Les enjeux éthiques de « l’éducation » thérapeutique du patient : l’exemple de la personne en dialyse". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS173/document.
Testo completoSince the beginning of chronic dialysis, many innovations have allowed to make progress in cure for persons on dialysis, increasing their life expectancy and improving their quality of life, without really knowing whether, in parallel, this resulted in improving care. Significant disparities can be observed today in France, concerning the management of end-stage chronic kidney disease. Kidney transplantation and self-care dialysis are not developed enough even if it is acknowledged that they give the best results in terms of quality of life and cost. These inequalities in disease management question the values of justice and equity in care. Besides, two national quality of life surveys conducted with patients suffering end-stage chronic kidney disease showed a substantial decrease of indicators between 2005 and 2011. Once again, these findings raise questions about care ethics.They encourage to better understand the determinants of the quality of life of these persons, in particular those who are on dialysis. During the recent survey of “Les États Généraux du Rein”, patients expressed their dissatisfaction concerning the current developments of dialysis treatment that tend towards the dehumanisation of care and disinterest in the well-being of the person receiving care, whereas chronic dialysis is a heavy constraint with multiple repercussions in the daily lives of the persons on dialysis and their loved ones. Chronic dialysis may also affect their social network. The patients who best adapt themselves to their new life are those who are best supported by their relatives and care teams.Until now, very few studies have been carried out on the support network for these persons on dialysis. This is why this thesis focuses on investigations on their quality of life and relational support.It is based on a prospective observational study (RS-QUADDIAL) performed with 36 patients on dialysis during the first year of their treatment. This work includes the analysis of their quality of life using Questionnaires SF-36 and KDQoL, the observation of their daily lives through semi-structured qualitative interviews, and the identification of their personal social network. The interviews were the subject of a classic thematic content analysis; the quality of life and ego social networks’ questionnaires were processed with SAS or R, depending on the needs. An Ascending Hierarchical Classification of the ego networks developed on the intensity of relations made it possible to identify 7 types of networks which were cross-checked with sociodemographic descriptors, the results of the quality of life questionnaires and those of the thematic analysis. This thesis highlights the importance and strength of the support network of these 36 patients over the observation period. It also allows to conclude that the persons whose quality of life is least altered by the burden of the kidney disease are those with a limited and dense support network in which everyone talks with one another, and in which strong links prevail.Through the development of psychosocial skills, Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) should enable the persons on dialysis not only to maintain or strengthen their support network which is so valuable every day, but also to increase their potential autonomy in this context of interdependence. A lot of studies showed that the development of TPE in nephrology encourages the patients to choose the most “autonomous” dialysis methods but the integration of this new care provider-patient relationship model within care is not yet common practice. In the coming years, it will be up to the public authorities to allow for the development of TPE in order to reduce treatment costs and at the same time consider care as a political requirement to provide patients with the best living conditions
Terrasson, Guillaume. "Contribution à la conception d'émetteur-récepteur pour microcapteurs autonomes". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13682/document.
Testo completoSurvey on wireless microsensor networks highlights the main constraint of energy autonomy. In fact, these autonomous and communicating microcomponents named network nodes are scattered into few or not open environment. The goal of our work is to propose a transceiver design method adapted to microsensor networks. After a demonstration of predominant part of RF into the mean power consumption of a microsensor node, we developed three new simulation tools which correspond to different level of transceiver modelling. Their use and obtained simulation results demonstrate the relation between transceiver specifications and performances with power consumption. The association of these tools was used to propose a new design method under power consumption constraint. Finally, we designed, produced and tested a 868 MHz Low Noise Amplifier which presents interesting power consumption characteristics
Sánchez, Vílchez José Manuel. "Cross-layer self-diagnosis for services over programmable networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELE0012.
Testo completoCurrent networks serve billions of mobile customer devices. They encompass heterogeneous equipment, transport and manage-ment protocols, and vertical management tools, which are very difficult and costly to integrate. Fault management operations are far from being automated and intelligent, where around 40% of alarms are redundant only around 1-2% of alarms are correlated at most in a medium-size operational center. This indicates that there is a significant alarm overflow for human administrators, which inherently derives in high OPEX due to the increasingly need to employ high-skilled people to perform fault management tasks. In conclusion, the current level of automation in fault management tasks in Telcos networks is not at all adequate for programmable networks, which promise a high degree of programmability and flexibility to reduce the time-to-market. Automation on fault management is more necessary with the advent of programmable networks, led by with SDN (Software-Defined Networking), NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) and the Cloud. Indeed, the arise of those paradigms accelerates the convergence between networks and IT realms, which as consequence, is accelerating faster and faster the transformation of cur-rent networks leading to rethink network and service management and operations, in particular fault management operations. This thesis envisages the application of self-healing principles in SDN and NFV combined infrastructures, by focusing on self-diagnosis tasks as main enabler of self-healing. The core of thesis is to devise a self-diagnosis approach able to diagnose at run-time the dynamic virtualized networking services and their dependencies from the virtualized resources (VNFs and virtual links) but also the dependencies of those virtualized resources from the underlying network infrastructure, taking into account the mobility, dynamicity, and sharing of resources in the underlying infrastructure
Duhart, Clément. "Toward organic ambient intelligences ? : EMMA". Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0035/document.
Testo completoAThe Ambient Intelligence (AmI) is a research area investigating AI techniques to create Responsive Environments (RE). Wireless Sensor and Actor Network (WSAN) are the supports for communications between the appliances, the deployed services and Human Computer Interface (HCI). This thesis focuses on the design of RE with autonomic properties i.e. system that have the ability to manage themselves. Such environments are open, large scale, dynamic and heterogeneous which induce some difficulties in their management by monolithic system. The bio-inspired proposal considers all devices like independent cells forming an intelligent distributed organism. Each cell is programmed by a DNA-RNA process composed of reactive rules describing its internal and external behaviour. These rules are modelled by reactive agents with self-rewriting features offering dynamic reprogramming abilities. The EMMA framework is composed of a modular Resource Oriented Architecture (ROA) Middleware based on IPv6 LoW Power Wireless Area Networks (6LoWPAN) technology and a MAPE-K architecture to design multi-scale AmI. The different relations between technical issues and theoretical requirements are discussed through the platforms, the network, the middleware, the mobile agents, the application deployment to the intelligent system. Two algorithms for AmI are proposed: an Artificial Neural Controller (ANC) model for automatic control of appliances with learning processes and a distributed Voting Procedures (VP) to synchronize the decisions of several system components over the WSAN
Vernhes, Gabriel. "Les relations entre sciences, technologies et territoires au cœur de la souveraineté nationale : une approche structurale sur longue période". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE002.
Testo completoThis thesis delves into the territorial dimension of scientific and technological knowledge exchange, a pivotal aspect of the innovation process. It focuses on defence-related technological fields, such as weaponry, aerospace equipment and 3D printing, to scrutinize how scientific advancements are integrated into technological development. Furthermore, our analysis focuses on measuring strategic autonomy of national territories, assessing their capacity to independently produce, use and disseminate knowledge. This form of autonomy in critical defence innovation sectors is a key factor in current discussions on national sovereignty.From an institutionalist viewpoint, this manuscript situates the innovation process within the national innovation system framework. In this context, territory is understood as a social, political and cultural construct that facilitates interactions and the exchange of knowledge.Our empirical method mobilizes quantitative methods using a large number of patent data and scientific publications to establish global knowledge networks, based on citations and semantic proximity. In this regard, we employ a structural approach, integrating influence graph theory consolidated with econometric models.Our findings reveal two distinct global knowledge networks. The first, encompassing explicit knowledge, can be easily disseminated, and assimilated across various territories. The analysis of these networks permits a comparative evaluation of the control over strategic knowledge among different territories, highlighting situations of dominance or dependence on external sources of knowledge. The second network, with more local roots, comprises tacit, applied knowledge that is intrinsic to individuals and their social interaction networks, thereby being geographically bounded. This network accounts for the sustained presence of national expertise over an extended period, notwithstanding the globalized nature of knowledge exchange driven by globalisation and the advancement of information and communication technologies.Our study shows that the coexistence of these networks is essential in knowledge maturation. Despite the more codified and globalized nature of scientific activity compared to technological, it retains strong territorial ties, fostering local innovation through tacit knowledge exchange. These insights suggest that investments in specific domains are crucial for enhancing national sovereignty in strategic innovation
Chaibou, Oumarou Ali. "Le développement de l'électricité au Niger. Aspects juridiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ0015.
Testo completoElectricity evokes the Greek legend of King Midas, who turned everything he touched into “gold”. Since its artificial creation, electricity has been turning the conditions of human existence to “gold”, by fostering progress through people's comfort or its promotion improving, and through productive activities boosting. From this point of view, it gives access to the effective enjoyment of fundamental rights, because of its impact on food, education, health, drinking water and sanitation, work, etc. This importance justifies the legal basis, especially constitutional, that the Republic of Niger has given to its development. To achieve the objectives of energy sovereignty and universal access to energy, a firm political will on the part of public authorities, and the support of technical and financial partners, are required. However, it requires just as much, if not more, expansion of electricity as a single form of energy. This need for expansion focuses thought on conditions and means; it tests the exercise of powers and rights. This African thesis for Africans is based on a living law approach, one that reintegrates law into its environment, blending numerous legal disciplines (and even non-legal disciplines such as economics and politics). The author argues that the legal framework for the expansion of electricity as a condition for economic and social development is rich, but nevertheless perfectible. He highlights two complementary aspects. Firstly, he observes that the State's sovereign responsibilities are preserved in determining energy options and controlling the electricity sub-sector. Secondly, he shows that the Republic of Niger has chosen to promote private initiative within the framework of public service and individual autonomy
Chavalarias, David. "Métadynamiques en cognition sociale : quelle définition de "meilleur" est la "meilleure" ?" Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001164/en/.
Testo completoChavalarias, David. "Métadynamiques en Cognition SocialeQuelle définition de meilleur est la meilleure ?" Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012087.
Testo completoConcrètement, la modélisation des rapports entre individus et collectif considère le plus souvent des agents qui peuvent être représentés sous la forme d'une hiérarchie de règles, chacune se plaçant en position méta par rapport aux règles du niveau inférieur. Celles-ci peuvent s'interpréter, selon les niveaux, comme des règles de comportement, des règles de décision, des règles de transmission culturelle ou génétique.
L'émergence de régularités au niveau collectif peut alors s'interpréter comme la sélection d'une distribution particulière sur l'ensemble des règles et métarègles définissant les agents. Dès lors, le problème de l'auto-organisation dans les systèmes économiques et sociaux se reformule autour de la question suivante : « Peut-on endogénéiser les distributions des métarègles de comportement de manière à ce qu'elles soient le produit des dynamiques collectives qu'elles définissent ? ».
Nous montrons dans cette thèse que la prise en compte, dans les modèles formels, de la spécificité de l'imitation humaine permet de répondre positivement à cette question, un point essentiel étant qu'une règle d'imitation peut être sa propre métarègle. Nous proposons ainsi un cadre formel pour l'étude de sociétés d'agents mimétiques auto-organisées, les jeux métamimétiques ; le concept d'équilibre correspondant est alors l'état contrefactuellement stable : aucun agent ne peut s'imaginer mieux qu'il n'est en se mettant contrefactuellement à la place de l'un de ses voisins. Nous étudions ensuite les propriétés de ces jeux en prenant comme champs d'application le problème de l'émergence de la coopération dans un dilemme de prisonnier spatialisé. Nous montrons au passage, que cette approche permet d'échapper au dilemme.
Plus généralement, nous nous plaçons dans le cadre de la théorie des jeux stochastiques et nous explicitons le rôle structurant des perturbations dans ce type de système dynamique, les structures spatio-temporelles émergentes étant le produit du couplage entre la dynamique endogène des systèmes métamimétiques et la structure interne des perturbations. En rupture avec l'approche traditionnelle, ceci nous amène à interpréter l'hétérogénéité auto-organisée des systèmes sociaux humains comme une différenciation par un processus de co-évolution d'une multiplicité de critères possibles, plutôt que par un processus d'optimisation global d'un critère unique.
Lafargue, Marie. "Les relations de travail dans l'entreprise transnationale". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0279.
Testo completoTransnational companies now stand as leading economic powers in aglobalisation context. Stripped of any legal personality, they are only partly bound by thenational laws. Aside from supranational law, which is incomplete provides only partialregulation, labour relations within globalised companies remain largely bound by nationallaws while the paradigms of labour law have barely evolved in order to adjust to theirsingularity. The nature of the law that governs those professional relations is therefore notcommensurate to their transnational reality.The deficiencies of the current framework for analysis thus compel researchers to gobeyond the twofold boundaries of legal systems and legal entities in order to develop suitableglobal solutions. A positivist, forward-looking analysis of the law reveals the existence of anadaptation process that is already underway but which must also be extended andstrengthened.It is therefore a matter of establishing a legal adjustment principle within those labourrelations, which reveals the identity of the transnational: transnationality is an expression ofpluralism. Legal adaptation assumes, on the one hand, that companies be reconstructed asorganisations and that a synergy be established with other players in the field of globalgovernance. The alignment trend implies, on the other hand, the birth of a "post-modern",pluralist global law, resting on a foundation of fundamental rights. It is thus at the cost of suchdevelopments that an adapted regulation of labour relations will be achieved withintransnational companies, together with the emergence of a globalised social law
Paradis, Suzanne. "Lien entre les caractéristiques du milieu, les caractéristiques personnelles et le réseau social chez des personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle". Thèse, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4714/1/D1578.pdf.
Testo completoChénier-Marais, Hadrien. "Autonomie bureaucratique et la lutte contre la corruption : le cas de l'Unité Permanente Anticorruption". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22751.
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