Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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Arfelli, F., V. Bonvicini, A. Bravin, G. Cantatore, E. Castelli, P. Cristaudo, M. Di Michiel et al. "SYRMEP front-end and read-out electronics". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 409, n. 1-3 (maggio 1998): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(97)01297-7.

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Drung, Dietmar. "High-performance DC SQUID read-out electronics". Physica C: Superconductivity 368, n. 1-4 (marzo 2002): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4534(01)01154-6.

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Censier, B., A. Benoit, G. Bres, F. Charlieu, J. Gascon, J. Gironnet, M. Grollier et al. "EDELWEISS Read-out Electronics and Future Prospects". Journal of Low Temperature Physics 167, n. 5-6 (3 febbraio 2012): 645–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-012-0568-9.

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Junique, A., M. Mager, L. Musa e A. Ur Rehman. "Upgrade of the ALICE-TPC read-out electronics". Journal of Instrumentation 5, n. 12 (15 dicembre 2010): C12026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/5/12/c12026.

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Gatti, F., V. Lagomarsino, P. Musico, M. Pallavicini, A. Razeto, G. Testera e S. Vitale. "The Borexino read out electronics and trigger system". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 461, n. 1-3 (aprile 2001): 474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)01275-4.

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Navickas, R., e V. Barzdenas. "The Hybrid Pixel Sensors and Read-Out Electronics". Solid State Phenomena 113 (giugno 2006): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.113.453.

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Hybrid pixel sensors (detectors) have shown to be a valid alternative to other types of Xray imaging devices due to their high sensitivity, linear behavior and wide dynamic range, and low noise. One important feature of these devices is the fact that detectors and readout electronics are manufactured separately. The charge created by the interaction of X-ray photons in the sensor is very small and has to be amplified in a low-noise circuit before any further signal processing. The signal induced on the electrodes of the sensor is transferred to the readout chip, where it is integrated in a charge sensitive amplifier. The issue reviews on physical principles of operation and design of the hybrid pixel sensors developed on the basis of the silicon CMOS and GaAs MESFETtechnologies. The authors have designed GaAs charge sensitive amplifiers for hybrid pixel detectors and show the results of a simulation.
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Cherepanov, A. A., I. L. Novikov e V. Yu Vasilyev. "Read-Out Electronics for dc-SQUID Magnetometers. Part 2. Read-Out Systems and their Limitations". Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 21, n. 4 (26 aprile 2019): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.21.231-246.

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Cherepanov, A. A., I. L. Novikov e V. Yu Vasiliev. "Read-Out Electronics for dc-SQUID Magnetometers. Part 3. Semiconductor Cryogenic Electronics". Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 21, n. 5 (30 maggio 2019): 298–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.21.298-309.

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Polushkin, V., M. Wallis, D. Glowacka, A. Matthews e J. M. Lumley. "A miniature SQUID magnetometer with direct read-out electronics". IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 7, n. 2 (giugno 1997): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.614702.

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Vorobiov, S., F. Feinstein, J. Bolmont, P. Corona, E. Delagnes, A. Falvard, D. Gascón et al. "Optimizing read-out of the NECTAr front-end electronics". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 695 (dicembre 2012): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.10.048.

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Tesi sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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Nowak, Sebastian [Verfasser], Hubert [Akademischer Betreuer] Kroha e Lothar [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberauer. "Studies of Read-Out Electronics and Trigger for Muon Drift Tube Detectors at High Luminosities / Sebastian Nowak. Gutachter: Lothar Oberauer ; Hubert Kroha. Betreuer: Hubert Kroha". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107499955X/34.

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Lama, Luca. "Development and testing of the atlas ibl rod pre production boards". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6283/.

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Il lavoro di questa tesi riguarda principalmente la progettazione, simulazione e test di laboratorio di tre versioni successive di schede VME, chiamate Read Out Driver (ROD), che sono state fabbricate per l'upgrade del 2014 dell'esperimento ATLAS Insertable B-Layer (IBL) al CERN. IBL è un nuovo layer che diverrà parte del Pixel Detector di ATLAS. Questa tesi si compone di una panoramica descrittiva dell'esperimento ATLAS in generale per poi concentrarsi sulla descrizione del layer specifico IBL. Inoltre tratta in dettaglio aspetti fisici e tecnici: specifiche di progetto, percorso realizzativo delle schede e test conseguenti. Le schede sono state dapprima prodotte in due prototipi per testare le prestazioni del sistema. Queste sono state fabbricate al fine di valutare le caratteristiche e prestazioni complessive del sistema di readout. Un secondo lotto di produzione, composto di cinque schede, è stato orientato alla correzione fine delle criticità emerse dai test del primo lotto. Un'indagine fine e approfondita del sistema ha messo a punto le schede per la fabbricazione di un terzo lotto di altre cinque schede. Attualmente la produzione è finita e complessivamente sono state realizzate 20 schede definitive che sono in fase di test. La produzione sarà validata prossimamente e le 20 schede verranno consegnate al CERN per essere inserite nel sistema di acquisizione dati del rivelatore. Al momento, il Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna è coinvolto in un esperimento a pixel solamente attravers IBL descritto in questa tesi. In conclusione, il lavoro di tesi è stato prevalentemente focalizzato sui test delle schede e sul progetto del firmware necessario per la calibrazione e per la presa dati del rivelatore.
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Rost, Adrian Verfasser], Tetyana [Akademischer Betreuer] [Galatyuk e Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hug. "Design, installation and commissioning of new read-out electronics for HADES ECAL and diamond detectors for T0-reconstruction and beam diagnostics / Adrian Rost ; Tetyana Galatyuk, Florian Hug". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218232846/34.

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Rost, Adrian [Verfasser], Tetyana [Akademischer Betreuer] Galatyuk e Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hug. "Design, installation and commissioning of new read-out electronics for HADES ECAL and diamond detectors for T0-reconstruction and beam diagnostics / Adrian Rost ; Tetyana Galatyuk, Florian Hug". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218232846/34.

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Vernazza, Elena. "Characterisation of the HGCROC3 read-out chip for the future HGCAL, innovative calibration techniques at trigger level and study of the ZZ/ZH->bbττ processes with the CMS detector at the LHC". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX059.

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Cette thèse présente l'étude de la production de deux bosons Z (ZZ) et d'un boson Z en association avec un boson de Higgs (ZH) dans l'état final avec deux quarks b et deux leptons τ (bbττ), en utilisant les données de collisions proton-proton enregistrées à une énergie dans le centre de masse de 13 TeV. Le jeu de données analysé correspond à une luminosité de 137 fb-1 collectée pendant le Run II (2016-2018) par l'expérience CMS au LHC. La production non résonante ZZ/ZH, comme prédite par le Modèle Standard (SM), est déjà théoriquement et expérimentalement bien établie dans les canaux leptoniques à haute résolution. Grâce à la forte similitude dans la signature expérimentale, les processus SM ZZ/ZH dans le canal bbττ servent de validation pour la stratégie d'analyse utilisée dans la recherche de la production de paires de bosons de Higgs (HH) dans le même état final. Les limites supérieures attendues au niveau de confiance de 95% sont de 1.8 et 3.6 fois la prédiction du SM pour la production de ZZ et ZH, respectivement. La recherche résonante ZZ/ZH est motivée par de nombreuses théories au-delà du SM (BSM), prédisant la présence de particules de spin-0 ou spin-1 de haute masse pouvant se désintégrer en ZZ/ZH. Différentes hypothèses de masse sont étudiées, allant de 200 GeV à 4 TeV et des limites supérieures sur la section efficace des résonances sont extraites pour chaque hypothèse de masse et de spin. La prise de données du Run III (2022-2025) est actuellement en cours et présente des opportunités pour améliorer la détection des particules. En effectuant une sélection en temps réel des événements intéressants, le système de déclenchement de Niveau-1 (L1) joue un rôle fondamental dans la détection des événements. Cette thèse propose une méthode innovante de calibration par apprentissage automatique (ML) pour les Primitives de Déclenchement du calorimètre, les constituants de base des objets du Niveau-1. La calibration basée sur le ML produit une amélioration de la résolution en énergie et de l'efficacité de sélection, offrant une approche prometteuse pour différents contextes en calorimétrie. Après le Run III, le LHC subira une mise à niveau majeure vers le LHC à haute luminosité (HL-LHC), ouvrant de nouveaux horizons pour les découvertes et la physique de précision. Afin de maintenir ses performances exceptionnelles, la Collaboration CMS prévoit une série de mises à niveau des sous-détecteurs, incluant un remplacement des calorimètres aux extrémités avec le Calorimètre à Haute Granularité (HGCAL). Cette thèse se concentre sur la puce de lecture du HGCAL (HGCROC3), conçue pour lire les six millions de canaux du futur détecteur. La puce devra satisfaire à des spécifications ambitieuses en termes de bruit et de précision sur la mesure de la charge et du temps, et devra aussi être très tolérante aux radiations. Les tests approfondis sur banc d’essai, ainsi que les campagnes d’irradiation avec des rayons X, des ions lourds et des protons, ont démontré des performances robustes, tout en mettant en évidence des vulnérabilités dans la conception. Ces résultats ont conduit au développement d'une version améliorée de la puce, garantissant un fonctionnement fiable au HL-LHC
This Thesis presents the study of the production of two Z bosons (ZZ) and a Z boson in association with a Higgs boson (ZH) in the final state with two b quarks and two τ leptons (bbττ), using proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The dataset analysed corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb-1 collected during Run II (2016-2018) by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The non-resonant ZZ/ZH production, as predicted by the Standard Model (SM), is theoretically and experimentally well-established in high-resolution fully leptonic channels. Given the close similarity in the experimental signature, the SM ZZ/ZH processes in the bbττ channel serve as cross-validation for the strategy employed in the search of Higgs boson pair (HH) production in the same final state. The expected upper limits at 95% confidence level are found to be 1.8 and 3.6 times the SM predictions for the ZZ and ZH production cross section, respectively. The resonant ZZ/ZH search is motivated by numerous theories beyond the SM (BSM), predicting the existence of spin-0 or spin-1 high-mass particles possibly decaying into ZZ/ZH. Different mass hypotheses are investigated, ranging from 200 GeV to 4 TeV, and expected upper limits on the resonance cross section are extracted for each mass and spin assumption. The Run III (2022-2025) data-taking is currently underway and presents opportunities to improve the detection performance. The Level-1 (L1) trigger system plays a key role in the event detection, combining data from the CMS sub-detectors to perform a real-time selection of interesting events. This Thesis proposes an innovative Machine Learning (ML) method for the calibration of Layer-1 calorimeter Trigger Primitives, the basic constituents of L1 objects. The ML-based calibration provides enhancements in energy resolution and selection efficiency, offering a scalable solution to a wide range of calibration contexts. After Run III, the LHC will undergo a major upgrade towards the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), opening new horizons for discoveries and precision physics. In order to maintain its excellent performance, the CMS is planning a series of upgrades of the sub-detectors, including the replacement of the endcap calorimeters with the High-Granularity CALorimeter (HGCAL). This Thesis focuses on the HGCal Read-Out Chip (HGCROC3), the front-end chip designed to read-out the six million channels of the future HGCAL. Along with cutting-edge specifications in terms of noise, charge and time measurement, the HGCROC3 requires high radiation tolerance. Extensive characterisation and irradiation testing with X-rays, heavy ions, and protons demonstrated robust performance while also highlighting design vulnerabilities. These findings guided the development of an improved chip version, ensuring reliable operation at the HL-LHC
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Yan, Rong Shen. "Circuit techniques for CMOS amplifier accuracy and robustness improvement in high-side current sensing Read-out circuit". Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691122.

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Marín, Tobón César Augusto. "PADRE pixel read-out architecture for Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for the new ALICE Inner Tracking System in TowerJazz 180 nm technolog". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/86154.

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ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the heavy-ion experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. As an important part of its upgrade plans, the ALICE experiment will schedule the installation of a new Inner Tracking System (ITS) during the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) of the LHC. The new ITS layout will consist of seven concentric layers, ¿ 12.5 Gigapixel camera covering about 10m2 with Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS). This choice of technology has been guided by the tight requirements on the material budget of 0.3% X/X0 per layer for the three innermost layers and backed by the significant progress in the field of MAPS in recent years. The technology initially chosen for the ITS upgrade is the TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS Technology. It offers a standard epitaxial layer of 15 - 18 µm with a resistivity between 1 and 5 k¿ cm¿1 and a gate oxide thickness below 4 nm, thus being more robust to Total Ionizing Dose (TID). The main subject of this thesis is to implement a novel digital pixel readout architecture for MAPS. This thesis aims to study this novel readout architecture as an alternative to the rolling-shutter readout. However, this must be investigated through the study of several chip readout architectures during the R&D phase. Another objective of this thesis is the study and characterization of TowerJazz, if it meets the Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) and Single Event Effects (SEE) of the ALICE ITS upgrade program. Other goals of this thesis are: ¿ Implementation of the top-down flow for this CMOS process and the design of multiple readouts for different prototypes up to the assembly of a full-scale prototype. xvii Abstract ¿ Characterization of the radiation hardness and SEE of the chips submitted to fabrication. ¿ Characterization of full custom designs using analog simulations and the generation of digital models for the simulation chain needed for the verification process. ¿ Implementation and study of different digital readouts to meet the ITS upgrade program in integration time, pixel size and power consumption, from the conceptual idea, production and fabrication phase. Chapter 1 is a brief overview of CERN, the LHC and the detectors complex. The ALICE ITS will be explained, focusing on the ITS upgrade in terms of detector needs and design constraints. Chapter 2 explains the properties of silicon detectors and the detector material and the principles of operation for MAPS. Chapters 3 and 4 describe the ALPIDE prototypes and their readout based on MAPS; this forms the central part of this work, including the multiple families of pixel detectors fabricated in order to reach the final design for the ITS. The ALPIDE3/pALPIDE3B chip, the latest MAPS chip designed, will be explained in detail, as well focusing in the matrix digital readout. In chapter 5 the noise measurements and its characterization are presented including a brief summary of detector response to irradiation with soft X-rays, sources and particle beams.
El sub detector ITS (Inner Tracking System) del detector ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) es un detector de vértice y es el detector mas cercano al punto de interacción. Se encuentra conformado por 3 tipos de subdetectores, dos capas de pixel de silicio (Silicon Pixel Detectors), 2 capas de acumulación de silicio (Silicon Drift Detectors) y 2 capas de banda de Silicio (Silicon Strip Detectors). La función primaria del ITS es identificar y rastrear las partículas de bajo momentum transversal. El detector ITS en sus dos capas más internas están equipadas con sensores de silicio basados en píxeles híbridos. Para reemplazar esta tecnología de Píxeles, el detector ITS actual será reemplazado por un nuevo detector de una sola tecnología, ampliando su resolución espacial y mejorando el rastreo de trazas. Este nuevo detector constará de siete capas de sensores de píxeles activos monolíticos (MAPS), las cuales deberán satisfacer los requerimientos de presupuesto de materiales y ser tolerantes a mayores niveles de radiación para los nuevos escenarios de incrementos de luminosidad y mayores tasas de colisiones. Los sensores MAPS que integran el sensor de imagen y los circuitos de lectura se encuentran en la misma oblea de silicio, tienen grandes ventajas en una buena resolución de posición y un bajo presupuesto material en términos de bajo coste de producción. TowerJazz ofrece la posibilidad de una cuádruple-WELL aislando los transistores pMOS que se encuentran en la misma nWELL evitando la competencia con el electrodo de recolección, permitiendo circuitos mas complejos y compactos para ser implementados dentro de la zona activa y además posee una capa epitaxial de alta resistividad. Esta tecnología proporciona una puerta de óxido muy delgado limitando el daño superficial por la radiación haciéndolo adecuado para su uso denxiii Resúmen tro del experimento ALICE. En los últimos cuatro años se ha llevado a cabo una intensiva I+D en MAPS en el marco de la actualización del ITS de ALICE. Varios prototipos a pequeña escala se han desarrollado y probado exitosamente con rayos X, fuentes radioactivas y haces de partículas. La tolerancia a la radiación de ALICE ITS es moderada con una tolerancia de irradiación TID de 700 krad y NIEL de 1 × 1013 1 MeV neqcm¿2 , MAPS es una opción viable para la actualización del ITS. La contribución original de esta tesis es la implementación de una nueva arquitectura digital de lectura de píxeles para MAPS. Esta tesis presenta un codificador asíncrono de direcciones (arquitectura basada en la supresión de ceros transmitiendo la dirección de los píxeles excitados denominada PADRE) para la arquitectura ALPIDE, el autor también hizo una contribución significativa en el ensamblaje y veri- ficación de circuitos. PADRE es la principal investigación del autor, basada en un codificador de prioridad jerárquica de cuatro entradas y es una alternativa a la arquitectura de lectura rolling-shutter. Además de los prototipos a pequeña escala, también se han desarrollado prototipos a escala completa a las necesidades del detector ITS (15 mm y 30 mm) empleando un nuevo circuito de lectura basado en la versión personalizada del circuito PADRE. El pALPIDEfs fue el primer prototipo a escala completa y se caracterizó obteniendo un tiempo de lectura de la matriz por debajo de 4 µs y un consumo de energía en el orden de 80 mWcm¿2 . En general, los resultados obtenidos representan un avance significativo de la tecnología MAPS en cuanto al consumo de energía, velocidad de lectura, tiempo de recolección de carga y tolerancia a la radiación. El sensor pALPIDE2 ha demostrado ser una opción muy atractiva para el nuevo detector ITS, satisfaciendo los requerimientos en términos de eficiencia de detección, fake-hit rate y resolución de posición, ya que su rendimiento no puede alcanzarse mediante prototipos basados en la arquitectura de lectura tradicionales como es
El subdetector ITS (Inner Tracking System) del detector ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) és un detector de vèrtex i és el detector mes proper al punt d'interacció. Es troba conformat per 3 tipus de subdetectors, dues capes de píxel de silici (Silicon Pixel Detectors), 2 capes d'acumulació de silici (Silicon Drift Detectors) i 2 capes de banda de Silici (Silicon Strip Detectors). La funció primària del ITS és identificar i rastrejar les partícules de baix moment transversal. El detector ITS en les seues dues capes més internes estan equipades amb sensors de silici basats en píxels híbrids. Per a reemplaçar aquesta tecnologia de Píxels, el detector ITS actual serà reemplaçat per un nou detector d'una sola tecnologia, ampliant la seua resolució espacial i millorant el rastreig de traces. Aquest nou detector constarà de set capes de sensors de píxels actius monolítics (MAPS), les quals hauran de satisfer els requeriments de pressupost de materials i ser tolerants a majors nivells de radiació per als nous escenaris d'increments de lluminositat i majors taxes de col·lisions. Els sensors MAPS que integren el sensor d'imatge i els circuits de lectura es troben en la mateixa hòstia de silici, tenen grans avantatges en una bona resolució de posició i un baix pressupost material en termes de baix cost de producció. TowerJazz ofereix la possibilitat d'una quàdruple-WELL aïllant els transistors pMOS que es troben en la mateixa nWELL evitant la competència amb l'elèctrode de recol·lecció, permetent circuits mes complexos i compactes per a ser implementats dins de la zona activa i a més posseeix una capa epitaxial d'alta resistivitat. Aquesta tecnologia proporciona una porta d'òxid molt prim limitant el dany superficial per la radiació fent-ho adequat per al seu ús dins de l'- experiment ALICE. En els últims quatre anys s'ha dut a terme una intensiva R+D en MAPS en el marc de l'actualització del ITS d'ALICE. Diversos prototips a petita escala s'han desenvolupat i provat ix Resum reeixidament amb rajos X, fonts radioactives i feixos de partícules. La tolerància a la radiació d'ALICE ITS és moderada amb una tolerància d'irradiació TID de 700 krad i NIEL d'1× 1013 1MeV neqcm¿2 , MAPS és una opció viable per a l'actualització del ITS. La contribució original d'aquesta tesi és la implementació d'una nova arquitectura digital de lectura de píxels per a MAPS. Aquesta tesi presenta un codificador asíncron d'adreces (arquitectura basada en la supressió de zeros transmetent l'adreça dels píxels excitats denominada PADRE) per a l'arquitectura ALPIDE, l'autor també va fer una contribució significativa en l'assemblatge i verificació de circuits. PADRE és la principal recerca de l'autor, basada en un codificador de prioritat jeràrquica de quatre entrades i és una alternativa a l'arquitectura de lectura rolling-shutter. A més dels prototips a petita escala, també s'han desenvolupat prototips a escala completa a les necessitats del detector ITS (15 mm i 30 mm) emprant un nou circuit de lectura basat en la versió personalitzada del circuit PADRE. El pALPIDEfs va ser el primer prototip a escala completa i es va caracteritzar obtenint un temps de lectura de la matriu per sota de 4 µs i un consum d'energia en l'ordre de 80 mWcm¿2 . En general, els resultats obtinguts representen un avanç significatiu de la tecnologia MAPS quant al consum d'energia, velocitat de lectura, temps de recol·lecció de càrrega i tolerància a la radiació. El sensor pALPIDE2 ha demostrat ser una opció molt atractiva per al nou detector ITS, satisfent els requeriments en termes d'eficiència de detecció, fake-hit rate i resolució de posició, ja que el seu rendiment no pot aconseguir-se mitjançant prototips basats en l'arquitectura de lectura tradicionals com és el rolling-shutter dissenyat en la mateixa tecnologia. Per aquesta raó, la R+D en els prototips ALPIDE ha continuat amb l'objectiu d'optimitza
Marín Tobón, CA. (2017). PADRE pixel read-out architecture for Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for the new ALICE Inner Tracking System in TowerJazz 180 nm technolog [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/86154
TESIS
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Thiele, Stefan. "Read-out and coherent manipulation of an isolated nuclear spin using a single-molecule magnet spin-transistor". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00984973.

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La réalisation d'un ordinateur quantique fonctionnel est l'un des objectifs tech- nologiques les plus ambitieux pour les scientifiques d'aujourd'hui. Sa brique de base est composée d'un système quantique à deux niveaux, appelé bit quantique (ou qubit). Parmi les différents concepts existants, les dispositifs à base de spin sont très attractifs car ils bénéficient de la progression constante des techniques de nanofabrication et permettent la lecture électrique de l'état du qubit. Dans ce contexte, les dispositifs à base de spins nucléaires offrent un temps de cohérence supérieur à celui des dispositifs à base de spin electronique en raison de leur meilleure isolation à l'environnement. Mais ce couplage faible a un prix: la détection et la manipulation des spins nucléaires individuels restent des tâches difficiles. De très bonnes conditions expérimentales étaient donc essentielles pour la réussite de ce projet. Outre des systèmes de filtrage des radiofréquences à très basses températures et des amplificateurs à très faible bruit, j'ai développé de nouveaux supports d'échantillons et des bobines de champ magnétique trois axes compacts avec l'appui des services techniques de l'Institut Néel. Chaque partie a été optimisée afin d'améliorer la qualité de l'installation et évaluée de manière quantitative. Le dispositif lui-même, un qubit réalisé grâce à un transistor de spin nucléaire, est composé d'un aimant à molécule unique couplé à des électrodes source, drain et grille. Il nous a permis de réaliser la lecture électrique de l'état d'un spin nucléaire unique, par un processus de mesure non destructif de son état quantique. Par conséquent, en sondant les états quantique de spin plus rapidement que le temps de relaxation caractéristique de celui-ci, nous avons réalisé la mesure de la trajectoire quantique d'un qubit nucléaire isolé. Cette expérience a mis en lumière le temps de relaxation T1 du spin nucléaire ainsi que son mécanisme de relaxation dominant. La manipulation cohérente du spin nucléaire a été réalisée en utilisant des champs électriques externes au lieu d'un champ magnétique. Cette idée originale a plusieurs avantages. Outre une réduction considérable du chauffage par effet Joule, les champs électriques permettent de contrôler et de manipuler le spin unique de façon très rapide. Cependant, pour coupler le spin à un champ électrique, un processus intermédiaire est nécessaire. Un tel procédé est l'interaction hyperfine, qui, si elle est modifiée par un champ électrique, est également désigné sous le nom d'effet Stark hyperfin. En utilisant cet effet, nous avons mis en évidence la manipulation cohérente d'un spin nucléaire unique et déterminé le temps de cohérence T2 . En outre, l'exploitation de l'effet Stark hyperfin statique nous avons permis de régler le qubit de spin nucléaire à et hors résonance par l'intermédiaire de la tension de grille. Cela pourrait être utilisé pour établir le contrôle de l'intrication entre les différents qubits nucléaires. En résumé, nous avons démontré pour la première fois la possibilité de réaliser et de manipuler un bit quantique basé sur un aimant à molécule unique, étendant ainsi le potentiel de la spintronique moléculaire au delà du stockage de données classique. De plus, la grande polyvalence des molécules aimants est très prometteuse pour une variété d'applications futures qui, peut-être un jour, parviendront à la réalisation d'un ordinateur quantique moléculaire.
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Rost, Adrian. "Design, installation and commissioning of new read-out electronics for HADES ECAL and diamond detectors for T0-reconstruction and beam diagnostics". Phd thesis, 2020. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/12235/1/Dissertation_Rost_v2.pdf.

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This work deals with the design, installation and commissioning of the front-end electronics for the newly installed HADES electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) detector at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH in Darmstadt. A Charge-to-Digital-Converter (QDC) and Time-to-Digital-Converter (TDC) based on a commercial FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) technology is used to read out 978 Photomultiplier tubes (PMT) of the ECAL. The charge measurement of the detector signals is based on a modified time-over-threshold (TOT) measuring method. In the context of this work the second generation of the PaDiWa-AMPS front-end board for the TRB3 (General Purpose Trigger and Readout Board - generation 3) was designed, tested in the laboratory and integrated into the HADES data acquisition infrastructure. The front-end achieves a time measurement precision of σₜ = 16 ps. The relative charge measurement precision for signal amplitudes above 1 V is below 0.5 %. A successful operation of the read-out system was shown during a four week physics production beam time with an 1.58A GeV Ag beam. A similar read-out concept is used to read out diamond based beam detectors in the HADES experiment. Those detectors are used as a trigger and for the T0 determination in the HADES time-of-flight measuring system, which is important for the particle identification. Beside this, they are used for online beam monitoring purposes. The requirement for the time precision of the sensors is about 50 ps. Currently the read-out system is adapted to new Ultra-Fast Silicon Detector (UFSD) technology which might replace the diamond detectors in the HADES experiment in the future. A UFSD prototype detector has been tested successfully with a proton beam. Furthermore, it is planned to use this technology as a diagnostic instrument for Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) operations of the electron accelerator S-DALINAC at TU Darmstadt in future. For further research and development of beam detectors a permanent multi-purpose detector test set-up was installed at the S-DALINAC. It allows tests of detectors with an electron beam with an energy up to 130 MeV and beam currents up to 20 µA. The set-up has been successfully commissioned and offers optimal conditions for future tests for research and development of beam detectors with a beam of minimum ionizing particles.
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Libri sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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Rong, Wu. Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers and Read-Out Integrated Circuits. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013.

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Rong, Wu, Johan H. Huijsing e Kofi A. Makinwa. Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers and Read-Out Integrated Circuits. Springer, 2014.

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Sonsky, Jan. Multi-Anode Linear Sdds for High-Resolution X-Ray Spectroscopy: Charge Confinement & Integration of Read-Out Electronics. Delft Univ Pr, 2002.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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Drung, Dietmar. "Advanced Squid Read-Out Electronics". In SQUID Sensors: Fundamentals, Fabrication and Applications, 63–116. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5674-5_2.

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Navickas, R., e V. Barzdenas. "The Hybrid Pixel Sensors and Read-Out Electronics". In Solid State Phenomena, 453–58. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-21-3.453.

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3

Kandler, M., J. Eichholz, Y. Manoli e W. Mokwa. "CMOS Compatible Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Read-Out Electronics". In Micro System Technologies 90, 574–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45678-7_81.

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Milán-Rois, Paula, Ciro Rodriguez-Diaz, Milagros Castellanos e Álvaro Somoza. "Conjugation of Nucleic Acids and Drugs to Gold Nanoparticles". In Methods in Molecular Biology, 103–16. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_6.

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AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used as carriers for biomolecules or drugs in cell culture and animal models. Particularly, AuNPs ease their internalization into the cell and prevent their degradation. In addition, engineered AuNPs can be employed as sensors of a variety of biomarkers, where the electronic and optical properties of the AuNPs are exploited for a convenient, easy, and fast read out. However, in all these applications, a key step requires the conjugation of the different molecules to the nanoparticles. The most common approach exploits the great affinity of sulfur for gold. Herein, we summarize the methods used by our group for the conjugation of different molecules with AuNPs. The procedure is easy and takes around 2 days, where the reagents are slowly added, following an incubation at room temperature to ensure the complete conjugation. Finally, the unbound material is removed by centrifugation.
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"read-out electronics". In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1083. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_180637.

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Battistelli, Elia Stefano. "Read-out Electronics". In Experimental Astrophysics. IOP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2514-3433/ac0ce4ch7.

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"Front-End Read-Out Electronic Circuits". In Nuclear Electronics, 44–128. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470857692.ch2.

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Livramento da Silva, Renato Fonseca, e Alejandro Rafael Garcia Ramirez. "Contribution to Mobility and Orientation Teaching Programs". In Handbook of Research on ICTs for Human-Centered Healthcare and Social Care Services, 670–86. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3986-7.ch035.

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The long cane widely used by blind people in their daily locomotion works as an extension of tactile sense. However, it does not supply the need to read elements located above the waistline, commonly found in urban centers, and which represent physical constraints. Those constraints, such as pay phones, awnings, dumps, and others may cause accidents, transmitting insecurity. This chapter describes the assistive technology project named Electronic Long Cane, which has been developed as a mobility aid for blind or visual impaired people in open urban spaces. The approach includes an ergonomic design along with embedded electronics placed inside the grip of a traditional long cane. The device, through haptics, warns of obstacles above the waistline, avoiding potential collisions, therefore leading to better surrounding perception and safer locomotion. There is a discussion upfront on the efforts towards improvement of the interaction between visually impaired people and the urban environment through experimental methods. The related evaluation was carried out by voluntary blind people along with experts on mobility techniques. A detailed analysis of touch technique, which is the basis for consequent design of white cane, is also presented.
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Cassé, Mikaël, e Gérard Ghibaudo. "Low Temperature Characterization and Modeling of FDSOI Transistors for Cryo CMOS Applications". In Low-Temperature Technologies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98403.

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The wide range of cryogenic applications, such as spatial, high performance computing or high-energy physics, has boosted the investigation of CMOS technology performance down to cryogenic temperatures. In particular, the readout electronics of quantum computers operating at low temperature requires larger bandwidth than spatial applications, so that advanced CMOS node has to be considered. FDSOI technology appears as a valuable solution for co-integration between qubits and consistent engineering of control and read-out. However, there is still lack of reports on literature concerning advanced CMOS nodes behavior at deep cryogenic operation, from devices electrostatics to mismatch and self-heating, all requested for the development of robust design tools. For these reasons, this chapter presents a review of electrical characterization and modeling results recently obtained on ultra-thin film FDSOI MOSFETs down to 4.2 K.
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Lewis-Williams, Gemma, e Mark Taubert. "Treatment Escalation Plans". In Challenging Cases in Palliative Care, a cura di Felicity Dewhurst, Polly Edmonds, Suzie Gillon, Amy Hawkins, Mary Miller, Sarah Yardley, Aung Myat e Shouvik Haldar, 307–10. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192864741.003.0046.

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Abstract This case explores the current literature surrounding the use of Treatment Escalation Plans (TEPs) and Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) discussions and decision-making in clinical practice. Paper-based forms carry significant risks. Therefore, it is important to plan for central electronic patient records and repositories, that hold information about DNACPR forms and other advance or future care planning statements and can highlight where a person has a lasting power of attorney for health and welfare. The electronic records need to be available as read versions for all providers, including paramedics, hospital staff, 999 or 111 call handlers, primary care, out-of-hours services, etc. They need to be editable, when, for instance, a patient’s situation changes, or when a decision is revoked or temporarily suspended. The ability to audit records is essential.
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Atti di convegni sul tema "Read-Out electronics"

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"Read-out electronics for digital silicon photomultiplier modules". In 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2013.6829204.

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De La Taille, Christophe, S. Blin, S. Conforti, P. Dinaucourt, G. Martin-Chassard, N. Seguin-Moreau, K. AlKhoury et al. "LAUROC1 : Liquid Argon Upgrade Read Out Chip". In Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.370.0049.

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Engemann, Detlef, Rudolf Faymonville, Rainer Felten e Otto Frenzl. "Infrared detector arrays with integrating cryogenic read-out electronics". In Physical Concepts of Materials for Novel Optoelectronic Device Applications, a cura di Manijeh Razeghi. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.24454.

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Pipino, A., F. Resta, L. Mangiagalli, F. Fary, M. De Matteis, H. Kroha, R. Richter, O. Kortner e A. Baschirotto. "sMDT Detectors Read-Out in 28nm technology". In 2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964714.

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Buschmann, Eric. "ATLAS Phase-II-Upgrade Pixel Demonstrator Read-out". In Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.343.0046.

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Chen, Jian, George Lee e Saiyu Ren. "Ultra-low power read-out integrated circuit design". In NAECON 2012 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/naecon.2012.6531045.

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Nelfyenny, Lia Aprilia, Fajar Zulkautsari Muhammad e Andi Setiono. "Developing A Portable Electrothermal Microcantilever Read-out System". In 2023 International Conference on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics, and Telecommunications (ICRAMET). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icramet60171.2023.10366627.

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Bouchel, Michel, Frederic Dulucq, Julien Fleury, Christophe de La Taille, Gisele Martin-Chassard e Ludovic Raux. "SPIROC (SiPM Integrated Read-Out Chip): Dedicated very front-end electronics for an ILC prototype hadronic calorimeter with SiPM read-out". In 2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2007.4436519.

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Pecora, A., L. Maiolo, E. Zampetti, S. Pantalei, A. Valletta, A. Minotti, F. Maita et al. "Chemoresistive nanofibrous sensor array and read-out electronics on flexible substrate". In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285542.

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AIT IMANDO, Taibi, e Nicoleta Dinu. "Miniaturized multi-channels SiPM read-out electronics for medical imaging application". In International Workshop on New Photon-detectors. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.158.0049.

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