Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
Saleh, Wardah, e Shahrin Chowdhury. "RANSlicing: Towards Multi-Tenancy in 5G Radio Access Networks". International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks 14, n. 2 (30 aprile 2022): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijwmn.2022.14204.
Abstract (sommario):
A significant purpose of 5G networks is allowing sharing resources among different network tenants such as service providers and Mobile Virtual network Operators. Numerous domains are taken in account regarding resource sharing containing different infrastructure (storage, compute and networking), Radio Access Network (RAN) and Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum. RAN and spectrum, transport. Spectrum sharing and RAN are anticipated as the fundamental part in multi-tenant 5G network. Nevertheless, there is a shortage of evaluation platforms to determine the number of benefits that can be acquired from multilevel spectrum sharing rather than single-level spectrum sharing. The work presented in this paper intend to address this issue by presenting a modified SimuLTE model is used for evaluating active RAN based on multi-tenant 5G networks. The result shows an understanding into the actual advantages of RAN slicing for multi-tenants in 5G networks.
2
Wypiór, Dariusz, Mirosław Klinkowski e Igor Michalski. "Open RAN—Radio Access Network Evolution, Benefits and Market Trends". Applied Sciences 12, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010408.
Abstract (sommario):
Open RAN (radio access network) movement is perceived as a game changer, having robust potential to introduce shifts in mobile radio access networks towards tailor-made solutions based on the architecture decomposition. It is widely assumed that those changes will affect the approach to network deployments and supply chains of network elements and their further integration and maintenance. First deployments of O-RAN-based networks have already delivered broadband services to end users. In parallel, many proof-of-concept feature evaluations and theoretical studies are being conducted by academia and the industry. In this review, the authors describe the RAN evolution towards open models and make an attempt to indicate potential open RAN benefits and market trends.
3
Dryjański, Marcin, Łukasz Kułacz e Adrian Kliks. "Toward Modular and Flexible Open RAN Implementations in 6G Networks: Traffic Steering Use Case and O-RAN xApps". Sensors 21, n. 24 (7 dicembre 2021): 8173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248173.
Abstract (sommario):
The development of cellular wireless systems has entered the phase when 5G networks are being deployed and the foundations of 6G solutions are being identified. However, in parallel to this, another technological breakthrough is observed, as the concept of open radio access networks is coming into play. Together with advancing network virtualization and programmability, this may reshape the way the functionalities and services related to radio access are designed, leading to modular and flexible implementations. This paper overviews the idea of open radio access networks and presents ongoing O-RAN Alliance standardization activities in this context. The whole analysis is supported by a study of the traffic steering use case implemented in a modular way, following the open networking approach.
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AlQahtani, Salman A. "Cooperative-Aware Radio Resource Allocation Scheme for 5G Network Slicing in Cloud Radio Access Networks". Sensors 23, n. 11 (27 maggio 2023): 5111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115111.
Abstract (sommario):
The 5G network is designed to serve three main use cases: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (uRLLC). There are many new technological enablers, including the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) and network slicing, that can support 5G and meet its requirements. The C-RAN combines both network virtualization and based band unit (BBU) centralization. Using the network slicing concept, the C-RAN BBU pool can be virtually sliced into three different slices. 5G slices require a number of Quality of service (QoS) metrics, such as average response time and resource utilization. In order to enhance the C-RAN BBUs utilization while protecting the minimum QoS of the coexisting three slices, a priority-based resource allocation with queuing model is proposed. The uRLLC is given the highest priority, while eMBB has a higher priority than mMTC services. The proposed model allows the eMBB and mMTC to be queued and the interrupted mMTC to be restored in its queue to increase its chance to reattempt the service later. The proposed model’s performance measures are defined and derived using a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) model and evaluated and compared using different methodologies. Based on the results, the proposed scheme can increase C-RAN resource utilization without degrading the QoS of the highest-priority uRLLC slice. Additionally, it can reduce the forced termination priority of the interrupted mMTC slice by allowing it to re-join its queue. Therefore, the comparison of the results shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the other states of the art in terms of improving the C-RAN utilization and enhancing the QoS of eMBB and mMTC slices without degrading the QoS of the highest priority use case.
5
Gajewski, Sławomir. "Towards 5G — Cloud-based Radio Access Networks". Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej, n. 3 (30 settembre 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6582.
Abstract (sommario):
In the paper a general concept of the 5G network architecture is presented as well as system requirements having impact on innovative solutions in the 5G network are highlighted. A major part of the paper is both presentation and discussion of the problem of Cloud Radio Access Network introduction for public networks in which the cell and resource virtualisation will be implemented. On the other hand, the problem of resource virtualization in the STRUGA system is discussed in which the C-RAN implementation is proposed for performance improvement.
6
Iturria-Rivera, Pedro Enrique, Han Zhang, Hao Zhou, Shahram Mollahasani e Melike Erol-Kantarci. "Multi-Agent Team Learning in Virtualized Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN)". Sensors 22, n. 14 (19 luglio 2022): 5375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145375.
Abstract (sommario):
Starting from the concept of the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), continuing with the virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) and most recently with the Open RAN (O-RAN) initiative, Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures have significantly evolved in the past decade. In the last few years, the wireless industry has witnessed a strong trend towards disaggregated, virtualized and open RANs, with numerous tests and deployments worldwide. One unique aspect that motivates this paper is the availability of new opportunities that arise from using machine learning, more specifically multi-agent team learning (MATL), to optimize the RAN in a closed-loop where the complexity of disaggregation and virtualization makes well-known Self-Organized Networking (SON) solutions inadequate. In our view, Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) with MATL can play an essential role in the orchestration of O-RAN controllers, i.e., near-real-time and non-real-time RAN Intelligent Controllers (RIC). In this article, we first provide an overview of the landscape in RAN disaggregation, virtualization and O-RAN, then we present the state-of-the-art research in multi-agent systems and team learning as well as their application to O-RAN. We present a case study for team learning where agents are two distinct xApps: power allocation and radio resource allocation. We demonstrate how team learning can enhance network performance when team learning is used instead of individual learning agents. Finally, we identify challenges and open issues to provide a roadmap for researchers in the area of MATL based O-RAN optimization.
7
Koutlia, K., R. Ferrús, E. Coronado, R. Riggio, F. Casadevall, A. Umbert e J. Pérez-Romero. "Design and Experimental Validation of a Software-Defined Radio Access Network Testbed with Slicing Support". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (12 giugno 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2361352.
Abstract (sommario):
Network slicing is a fundamental feature of 5G systems to partition a single network into a number of segregated logical networks, each optimized for a particular type of service or dedicated to a particular customer or application. The realization of network slicing is particularly challenging in the Radio Access Network (RAN) part, where multiple slices can be multiplexed over the same radio channel and Radio Resource Management (RRM) functions shall be used to split the cell radio resources and achieve the expected behaviour per slice. In this context, this paper describes the key design and implementation aspects of a Software-Defined RAN (SD-RAN) experimental testbed with slicing support. The testbed has been designed consistently with the slicing capabilities and related management framework established by 3GPP in Release 15. The testbed is used to demonstrate the provisioning of RAN slices (e.g., preparation, commissioning, and activation phases) and the operation of the implemented RRM functionality for slice-aware admission control and scheduling.
8
Adrian Kliks, Marcin Dryjanski, Vishnu Ram, Leon Wong e Paul Harvey. "Towards autonomous open radio access networks". ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 4, n. 2 (17 maggio 2023): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/gjii3746.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper we give an overview of an open disaggregated network architecture based on an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN), including the current work from standards bodies and industry bodies in this area. Based on this architecture, a framework for the automation of xApp development and deployment is proposed. This is then aligned with the key concepts described in ITU-T in terms of the evolution, experimentation, and adaptation of controllers. The various steps in such an aligned workflow, including design, validation, and deployment of xApps, are discussed, and use case examples are provided to illustrate further our position regarding the mechanisms needed to achieve automation.
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Matera, Andrea, Rahif Kassab, Osvaldo Simeone e Umberto Spagnolini. "Non-Orthogonal eMBB-URLLC Radio Access for Cloud Radio Access Networks with Analog Fronthauling". Entropy 20, n. 9 (2 settembre 2018): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20090661.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper considers the coexistence of Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC) and enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) services in the uplink of Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) architecture based on the relaying of radio signals over analog fronthaul links. While Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) to the radio resources enables the isolation and the separate design of different 5G services, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) can enhance the system performance by sharing wireless and fronthaul resources. This paper provides an information-theoretic perspective in the performance of URLLC and eMBB traffic under both OMA and NOMA. The analysis focuses on standard cellular models with additive Gaussian noise links and a finite inter-cell interference span, and it accounts for different decoding strategies such as puncturing, Treating Interference as Noise (TIN) and Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). Numerical results demonstrate that, for the considered analog fronthauling C-RAN architecture, NOMA achieves higher eMBB rates with respect to OMA, while guaranteeing reliable low-rate URLLC communication with minimal access latency. Moreover, NOMA under SIC is seen to achieve the best performance, while, unlike the case with digital capacity-constrained fronthaul links, TIN always outperforms puncturing.
10
Zhao, Zixiao, Qinghe Du, Dawei Wang, Xiao Tang e Houbing Song. "Overview of Prospects for Service-Aware Radio Access towards 6G Networks". Electronics 11, n. 8 (16 aprile 2022): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11081262.
Abstract (sommario):
The integration of space–air–ground–sea networking in 6G, which is expected to not only achieve seamless coverage but also offer service-aware access and transmission, has introduced many new challenges for current mobile communications systems. Service awareness requires the 6G network to be aware of the demands of a diverse range of services as well as the occupation, utilization, and variation of network resources, which will enable the capability of deriving more intelligent and effective solutions for complicated heterogeneous resource configuration. Following this trend, this article investigates potential techniques that may improve service-aware radio access using the heterogeneous 6G network. We start with a discussion on the evolution of cloud-based RAN architectures from 5G to 6G, and then we present an intelligent radio access network (RAN) architecture for the integrated 6G network, which targets balancing the computation loads and fronthaul burden and achieving service-awareness for heterogeneous and distributed requests from users. In order for the service-aware access and transmissions to be equipped for future heterogeneous 6G networks, we analyze the challenges and potential solutions for the heterogeneous resource configuration, including a tightly coupled cross-layer design, resource service-aware sensing and allocation, transmission over multiple radio access technologies (RAT), and user socialization for cloud extension. Finally, we briefly explore some promising and crucial research topics on service-aware radio access for 6G networks.
Tesi sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
Schmidt, Robert. "Slicing in heterogeneous software-defined radio access networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS525.
Abstract (sommario):
Les réseaux 5G sont envisagés comme un changement de paradigme vers des réseaux orientés services. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions comment combiner efficacement le découpage en tranches et le SD-RAN afin de fournir le niveau requis de flexibilité et de programmabilité dans l'infrastructure RAN pour réaliser des réseaux multi-locataires orientés services. Premièrement, nous concevons une abstraction d'une station de base pour représenter les stations de base logiques et décrire un service de réseau virtualisé. Deuxièmement, nous proposons une nouvelle plateforme SD-RAN conforme aux normes, appelée FlexRIC, sous la forme d'un kit de développement logiciel (SDK). Troisièmement, nous fournissons une conception modulaire pour un cadre d'ordonnancement MAC tenant compte des tranches afin de gérer et de contrôler efficacement les ressources radio dans un environnement multiservice avec un support de qualité de service (QoS). Enfin, nous présentons une couche de virtualisation SD-RAN dynamique basée sur le SDK FlexRIC et le cadre d'ordonnancement MAC pour composer de manière flexible une infrastructure SD-RAN multiservice et fournir une programmabilité pour de multiples contrôleurs SD-RAN5G networks are envisioned to be a paradigm shift towards service-oriented networks. In this thesis, we investigate how to efficiently combine slicing and SD-RAN to provide the required level of flexibility and programmability in the RAN infrastructure to realize service-oriented multi-tenant networks. First, we devise an abstraction of a base station to represent logical base stations and describe a virtualized network service. Second, we propose a novel standard-compliant SD-RAN platform, named FlexRIC, in the form of a software development kit (SDK). Third, we provide a modular design for a slice-aware MAC scheduling framework to efficiently manage and control the radio resources in a multi-service environment with quality-of-service (QoS) support. Finally, we present a dynamic SD-RAN virtualization layer based on the FlexRIC SDK and MAC scheduling framework to flexibly compose a multi-service SD-RAN infrastructure and provide programmability for multiple SD-RAN controllers
2
Mharsi, Niezi. "Cloud-Radio Access Networks : design, optimization and algorithms". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT043/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Cloud-Radio Access Network (C-RAN) est une architecture prometteuse pour faire face à l’augmentation exponentielle des demandes de trafic de données et surmonter les défis des réseaux de prochaine génération (5G). Le principe de base de CRAN consiste à diviser la station de base traditionnelle en deux entités : les unités de bande de base (BaseBand Unit, BBU) et les têtes radio distantes (Remote Radio Head, RRH) et à mettre en commun les BBUs de plusieurs stations dans des centres de données centralisés (pools de BBU). Ceci permet la réduction des coûts d’exploitation, l’amélioration de la capacité du réseau ainsi que des gains en termes d’utilisation des ressources. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, les opérateurs réseaux ont besoin d’investiguer de nouveaux algorithmes pour les problèmes d’allocation de ressources permettant ainsi de faciliter le déploiement de l’architecture C-RAN. La plupart de ces problèmes sont très complexes et donc très difficiles à résoudre. Par conséquent, nous utilisons l’optimisation combinatoire qui propose des outils puissants pour adresser ce type des problèmes.Un des principaux enjeux pour permettre le déploiement du C-RAN est de déterminer une affectation optimale des RRHs (antennes) aux centres de données centralisés (BBUs) en optimisant conjointement la latence sur le réseau de transmission fronthaul et la consommation des ressources. Nous modélisons ce problème à l’aide d’une formulation mathématique basée sur une approche de programmation linéaire en nombres entiers permettant de déterminer les stratégies optimales pour le problème d’affectation des ressources entre RRH-BBU et nous proposons également des heuristiques afin de pallier la difficulté au sens de la complexité algorithmique quand des instances larges du problème sont traitées, permettant ainsi le passage à l’échelle. Une affectation optimale des antennes aux BBUs réduit la latence de communication attendue et offre des gains en termes d’utilisation des ressources. Néanmoins, ces gains dépendent fortement de l’augmentation des niveaux d’interférence inter-cellulaire causés par la densité élevée des antennes déployées dans les réseaux C-RANs. Ainsi, nous proposons une formulation mathématique exacte basée sur les méthodes Branch-and-Cut qui consiste à consolider et ré-optimiser les rayons de couverture des antennes afin de minimiser les interférences inter-cellulaires et de garantir une couverture maximale du réseau conjointement. En plus de l’augmentation des niveaux d’interférence, la densité élevée des cellules dans le réseau CRAN augmente le nombre des fonctions BBUs ainsi que le trafic de données entre les antennes et les centres de données centralisés avec de fortes exigences en termes de latence sur le réseau fronthaul. Par conséquent, nous discutons dans la troisième partie de cette thèse comment placer d’une manière optimale les fonctions BBUs en considérant la solution split du 3GPP afin de trouver le meilleur compromis entre les avantages de la centralisation dans C-RAN et les forts besoins en latence et bande passante sur le réseau fronthaul. Nous proposons des algorithmes (exacts et heuristiques) issus de l’optimisation combinatoire afin de trouver rapidement des solutions optimales ou proches de l’optimum, même pour des instances larges du problèmesCloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has been proposed as a promising architecture to meet the exponential growth in data traffic demands and to overcome the challenges of next generation mobile networks (5G). The main concept of C-RAN is to decouple the BaseBand Units (BBU) and the Remote Radio Heads (RRH), and place the BBUs in common edge data centers (BBU pools) for centralized processing. This gives a number of benefits in terms of cost savings, network capacity improvement and resource utilization gains. However, network operators need to investigate scalable and cost-efficient algorithms for resource allocation problems to enable and facilitate the deployment of C-RAN architecture. Most of these problems are very complex and thus very hard to solve. Hence, we use combinatorial optimization which provides powerful tools to efficiently address these problems.One of the key issues in the deployment of C-RAN is finding the optimal assignment of RRHs (or antennas) to edge data centers (BBUs) when jointly optimizing the fronthaul latency and resource consumption. We model this problem by a mathematical formulation based on an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) approach to provide the optimal strategies for the RRH-BBU assignment problem and we propose also low-complexity heuristic algorithms to rapidly reach good solutions for large problem instances. The optimal RRH-BBU assignment reduces the expected latency and offers resource utilization gains. Such gains can only be achieved when reducing the inter-cell interference caused by the dense deployment of cell sites. We propose an exact mathematical formulation based on Branch-and-Cut methods that enables to consolidate and re-optimize the antennas radii in order to jointly minimize inter-cell interference and guarantee a full network coverage in C-RAN. In addition to the increase of inter-cell interference, the high density of cells in C-RAN increases the amount of baseband processing as well as the amount of data traffic demands between antennas and centralized data centers when strong latency requirements on fronthaul network should be met. Therefore, we discuss in the third part of this thesis how to determine the optimal placement of BBU functions when considering 3GPP split option to find optimal tradeoffs between benefits of centralization in C-RAN and transport requirements. We propose exact and heuristic algorithms based on combinatorial optimization techniques to rapidly provide optimal or near-optimal solutions even for large network sizes
3
Di, Cicco Nicola. "Scalable Algorithms for Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) Optimization". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23755/.
Abstract (sommario):
In the evolving scenario of 5G networks, resource allocation algorithms for the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) model have proven to be the key for managing ever increasing Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) for mobile networks while ensuring high Quality of Service (QoS).
In Chapter 1 a brief overview of the main elements of the C-RAN and of the methodologies that are employed in this work is provided.
In Chapter 2, an exact scalable methodology for a static traffic scenario, based on lexicographic optimization, is proposed for the solution of a multi-objective optimization problem to achieve, among other goals, the minimization of the number of active nodes in the C-RAN while supporting reliability and meeting latency constraints. The optimal solution of the most relevant objectives for networks of several tens of nodes is obtained in few tens of seconds of computational time in the worst case. For the least relevant objective a heuristic is developed, providing near optimal solutions in few seconds of computing time.
In Chapter 3, an optimization framework for dynamic C-RAN reconfiguration is developed. The objective is to maintain C-RAN cost optimization, while minimizing the cost of virtual network function migration. Significant savings in terms of migrations (above 82% for primary virtual BBU functions and above 75% for backup virtual BBU functions) can be obtained with respect to a static traffic scenario, with execution time of the optimization algorithm below 20 seconds in the worst cases, making its application feasible for dynamic scenarios.
In Chapter 4, an alternative Column Generation model formulation is developed, and the quality of the computed lower bounds is evaluated. Further extensions from this baseline (e.g. Column Generation based heuristics, exact Branch&Price algorithms) are left as future work.
In Chapter 5, the main results achieved in this work are summarized, and several possible extensions are proposed.
4
Thainesh, Joseph S. "Radio access network (RAN) signalling architecture for dense mobile network". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2016. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/811126/.
Abstract (sommario):
Small cells are becoming a promising solution for providing enhanced coverage and increasing system capacity in a large-scale small cell network. In such a network, the large number of small cells may cause mobility signalling overload on the core network (CN) due to frequent handovers, which impact the users Quality of Experience (QoE). This is one of the major challenges in dense small cell networks. Such a challenge has been considered, this thesis addresses this challenging task to design an effective signalling architecture in dense small cell networks. First, in order to reduce the signalling overhead incurred by path switching operations in the small cell network, a new mobility control function, termed the Small Cell Controller (SCC) is introduced to the existing base station (BS) on the Radio-Access-Network(RAN)-side. Based on the signalling architecture, a clustering optimisation algorithm is proposed in order to select the optimal SCC in a highly user density environment. Specifically, this algorithm is designed to select multiple optimal SCCs due to the growth in number of small cells in the large-scale environment. Finally, a scalable architecture for handling the control plane failures in heterogeneous networks is proposed. In that architecture, the proposed SCC scheme controls and manages the affected small cells in a clustered fashion during the macro cell fail-over period. Particularly, the proposed SCC scheme can be flexibly configured into a hybrid scenario. For operational reduction (reducing a number of direct S1 connections to the CN), better scalability (reducing a number of S1 bearers on the CN) and reduction of signalling load on the CN, the proposed radio access network (RAN) signalling architecture is a viable and preferable option for dense small cell networks. Besides, the proposed signalling architecture is evaluated through realistic simulation studies.
5
Duan, Jialong. "Coordination inside centralized radio access networks with limited fronthaul capacity". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0052/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Le réseau d'accès radio centralisé (C-RAN) peut fortement augmenter la capacité des réseaux mobiles. Cependant, la faisabilité de C-RAN est limitée par le débit considérable engendré sur les liaisons de transport, appelées également fronthaul. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'améliorer les performances de C-RAN tout en considérant les limitations du débit sur le frontaul, l'allocation de ressources et l'ordonnancement des utilisateurs.Nous étudions d'abord les séparations fonctionnelles possibles entre les têtes radios distantes (RRH) et les unités de traitement en bande de base (BBU) sur la liaison montante pour réduire le débit de transmission sur le fronthaul : certaines fonctions de couche basse sont déplacées du BBU vers les RRH. Nous fournissons une analyse quantitative des améliorations de performances ainsi obtenues.Nous nous concentrons ensuite sur la transmission coordonnée Multi-point (CoMP) sur le lien descendant. CoMP peut améliorer l'efficacité spectrale mais nécessite une coordination inter-cellule, ce qui est possible uniquement si une capacité fronthaul élevée est disponible. Nous comparons des stratégies de transmission avec et sans coordination inter-cellule. Les résultats de simulation montrent que CoMP doit être préféré pour les utilisateurs situés en bordure de cellule et lorsque la capacité du fronthaul est élevée. Nous en déduisons une stratégie hybride pour laquelle Les utilisateurs sont divisés en deux sous-ensembles en fonction de la puissance du signal. Les utilisateurs situés dans les zones centrales sont servis par un seul RRH avec une coordination simple et ceux en bordure de cellule sont servis en mode CoMP. Cette stratégie hybride constitue un bon compromis entre les débits offerts aux utilisateurs et les débits sur le fronthaulCentralized/Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is a promising mobile network architecture, which can potentially increase the capacity of mobile networks while reducing operators¿ cost and energy consumption. However, the feasibility of C-RAN is limited by the large bit rate requirement in the fronthaul. The objective of this thesis is to improve C-RAN performance while considering fronthaul throughput reduction, fronthaul capacity allocation and users scheduling.We first investigate new functional split architectures between Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) and Baseband Units (BBU) on the uplink to reduce the transmission throughput in fronthaul. Some low layer functions are moved from the BBU to RRHs and a quantitative analysis is provided to illustrate the performance gains. We then focus on Coordinated Multi-point (CoMP) transmissions on the downlink. CoMP can improve spectral efficiency but needs tight coordination between different cells, which is facilitated by C-RAN only if high fronthaul capacity is available. We compare different transmission strategies without and with multi-cell coordination. Simulation results show that CoMP should be preferred for users located in cell edge areas and when fronthaul capacity is high. We propose a hybrid transmission strategy where users are divided into two parts based on statistical Channel State Informations (CSIs). The users located in cell center areas are served by one transmission point with simple coordinated scheduling and those located in cell edge areas are served with CoMP joint transmission. This proposed hybrid transmission strategy offers a good trade-off between users¿ transmission rates and fronthaul capacity cost
6
Sharara, Mahdi. "Resource Allocation in Future Radio Access Networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG024.
Abstract (sommario):
Cette thèse considère l'allocation des ressources radio et de calcul dans les futurs réseaux d'accès radio et plus précisément dans les réseaux Cloud-RAN (Cloud-Radio Access Networks) ainsi que les réseaux Open-RAN (Open-Radio Access Networks). Dans ces architectures, le traitement en bande de base de plusieurs stations de base est centralisé et virtualisé. Cela permet une meilleure optimisation du réseau et une réduction des dépenses d'investissement et d'exploitation. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous considérons un schéma de coordination entre les ordonnanceurs radio et de calcul. Dans le cas où les ressources de calcul ne sont pas suffisantes, l'ordonnanceur de calcul envoie un retour d'information à l'ordonnanceur radio pour mettre à jour les paramètres radio. Bien que cela réduise le débit radio de l'utilisateur, il garantit que la trame sera traitée au niveau de l'ordonnanceur de calcul. Nous modélisons ce schéma de coordination à l'aide de la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers (ILP) avec comme objectifs de maximiser le débit total ainsi que la satisfaction des utilisateurs. Les résultats montrent la capacité de ce schéma de coordination à améliorer différents paramètres, notamment la réduction du gaspillage de puissance de transmission. Ensuite, nous proposons des heuristiques à faible complexité et nous les testons dans un environnement de services multiples avec des exigences différentes. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous considérons l'allocation conjointe des ressources radio et de calcul. Les ressources radio et de calcul sont allouées conjointement dans le but de minimiser la consommation énergétique. Le problème est modélisé à l'aide de la programmation linéaire mixte en nombres entiers (MILP), et est ensuite comparé à un autre problème MILP ayant comme objectif de maximiser le débit total. Les résultats montrent que l'allocation conjointe des ressources radio et de calcul est plus efficace que l'allocation séquentielle pour minimiser la consommation énergétique. Enfin, nous proposons un algorithme basé sur la théorie de matching (matching theory) à faible complexité qui pourra être une alternative pour résoudre le problème MILP à haute complexité. Dans la dernière partie de cette thèse, nous étudions l'utilisation des outils de l'apprentissage machine (machine learning). Tout d'abord, nous considérons un modèle d'apprentissage profond (deep learning) qui vise à apprendre comment résoudre le problème de coordination ILP, mais en un temps beaucoup plus court. Ensuite, nous considérons un modèle d'apprentissage par renforcement (reinforcement learning) qui vise à allouer des ressources de calcul aux utilisateurs afin de maximiser le profit de l'opérateurThis dissertation considers radio and computing resource allocation in future radio access networks and more precisely Cloud Radio Access Network (Cloud-RAN) and Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN). In these architectures, the baseband processing of multiple base stations is centralized and virtualized. This permits better network optimization and allows for saving capital expenditure and operational expenditure. In the first part, we consider a coordination scheme between radio and computing schedulers. In case the computing resources are not sufficient, the computing scheduler sends feedback to the radio scheduler to update the radio parameters. While this reduces the radio throughput of the user, it guarantees that the frame will be processed at the computing scheduler level. We model this coordination scheme using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) with the objectives of maximizing the total throughput and users' satisfaction. The results demonstrate the ability of this scheme to improve different parameters, including the reduction of wasted transmission power. Then, we propose low-complexity heuristics, and we test them in an environment of multiple services with different requirements. In the second part, we consider the joint radio and computing resource allocation. Radio and computing resources are jointly allocated with the aim of minimizing energy consumption. The problem is modeled as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming Problem (MILP) and is compared to another MILP problem that maximizes the total throughput. The results demonstrate the ability of joint allocation to minimize energy consumption in comparison with the sequential allocation. Finally, we propose a low-complexity matching game-based algorithm that can be an alternative for solving the high-complexity MILP problem. In the last part, we investigate the usage of machine learning tools. First, we consider a deep learning model that aims to learn how to solve the coordination ILP problem, but with a much shorter time. Then, we consider a reinforcement learning model that aims to allocate computing resources for users to maximize the operator's profit
7
Rabia, Tarek. "Virtualisation des fonctions d'un Cloud Radio Access Network(C-RAN)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS009/document.
Abstract (sommario):
La nouvelle génération de réseaux mobiles (5G) devrait faire face, durant les cinq prochaines années, à une importante croissance du volume de données, échangé entre plusieurs milliards d'objets et d'applications connectés. En outre, l'émergence de nouvelles technologies, telles que Internet of Things (IoT), conduite autonome et réalité augmentée, impose de plus fortes contraintes de performance et de qualité de service (QoS). Répondre aux besoins cités, tout en réduisant les dépenses d'investissement et d'exploitation (CAPEX/OPEX), sont les objectifs poursuivis par les opérateurs télécom, qui ont défini une nouvelle architecture d'accès radio, appelée Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). Le principe du C-RAN est de centraliser, au sein d'un pool, les parties de traitement, BaseBand Unit (BBU), d'un RAN traditionnel. Les BBU sont alors dissociées de la station de base et de la partie radio, Remote Radio Unit (RRU). Ces deux parties restent néanmoins connectées à travers un réseau intermédiaire appelé Fronthaul (FH). Dans cette thèse, nous allons concevoir une nouvelle architecture C-RAN partiellement centralisée qui intègrera une plateforme de virtualisation basée sur un environnement Xen, nommée " Metamorphic Network " (MNet). A travers cette architecture, nous viserons à : i) mettre en place un pool, dans lequel des ressources physiques (processeurs, mémoire, ports réseaux, etc.) seront partagées entre des BBU virtualisées et d'autres applications, ii) établir un réseau FH ouvert aux fournisseurs de services et aux tierces parties, facilitant ainsi le déploiement des services au plus près des utilisateurs, pour une meilleure qualité d'expérience, iii) exploiter, à travers le FH, les infrastructures Ethernet existantes pour réduire les CAPEX/OPEX et enfin, iv) atteindre les performances réseau préconisées pour la 5G. Dans la première contribution, nous allons définir une nouvelle architecture Xen pour la plateforme MNet, intégrant le framework de packet processing, OpenDataPlane (ODP), au sein d’un domaine Xen privilégié, nommé « Driver Domain ». Notre objectif, à travers cette architecture, est d’accélérer le traitement des paquets de données transitant par MNet, en évitant la surutilisation, par ODP, des cœurs du processeur physique (CPU) de la plateforme. Pour cela, des cœurs CPU virtuels (vCPU) seront alloués dans le Driver Domain pour être exploités durant le traitement des paquets par ODP. Cette nouvelle plateforme MNet servira de base pour notre architecture C-RAN. Dans la seconde contribution, nous allons implémenter, au sein du FH, deux solutions réseau. La première solution, consistera à déployer le réseau de couche 2, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL), pour connecter les différents éléments de notre architecture C-RAN. La seconde solution, consistera à déployer un réseau Software Defined Network (SDN), géré par le contrôleur distribué ONOS, qui sera virtualisé dans le pool BBU. Une comparaison des performances réseau sera réalisée entre ces deux solutionsOver the next five years, the new generation of mobile networks (5G) would face a significant growth of the data volume, exchanged between billions of connected objects and applications. Furthermore, the emergence of new technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous driving and augmented reality, imposes higher performance and quality of service (QoS) requirements. Meeting these requirements, while reducing the Capital and Operation Expenditures (CAPEX/OPEX), are the pursued goals of the mobile operators. Consequently, Telcos define a new radio access architecture, called Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). The C-RAN principle is to centralize, within a pool, the processing unit of a radio interface, named BaseBand Unit (BBU). These two units are interconnected through a Fronthaul (FH) network. In this thesis, we design a new partially centralized C-RAN architecture that integrates a virtualization platform, based on a Xen environment, called Metamorphic Network (MNet). Through this architecture, we aim to: i) implement a pool in which physical resources (processors, memory, network ports, etc.) are shared between virtualized BBUs and other applications; ii) establish an open FH network that can be used by multiple operators, service providers and third parties to deploy their services and Apps closer to the users for a better Quality of Experience (QoE); iii) exploit, through the FH, the existing Ethernet infrastructures to reduce CAPEX/OPEX; and finally iv) provide the recommended network performance for the 5G. In the first contribution, we define a new Xen architecture for the MNet platform integrating the packet-processing framework, OpenDataPlane (ODP), within a privileged Xen domain, called Driver Domain (DD). This new architecture accelerates the data packet processing within MNet, while avoiding the physical CPUs overuse by ODP. Thus, virtual CPU cores (vCPU) are allocated within DD and are used by ODP to accelerate the packet processing. This new Xen architecture improves the MNet platform by 15%. In the second contribution, we implement two network solutions within the FH. The first solution consist of deploying a layer 2 network protocol, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL), to connect multiple elements of our C-RAN architecture. The second solution consists of implementing a Software Defined Network (SDN) model managed by Open Network Operating System (ONOS), a distributed SDN controller that is which is virtualized within BBU pool. Moreover, a network performance comparison is performed between these two solutions
8
Rabia, Tarek. "Virtualisation des fonctions d'un Cloud Radio Access Network(C-RAN)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS009.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
La nouvelle génération de réseaux mobiles (5G) devrait faire face, durant les cinq prochaines années, à une importante croissance du volume de données, échangé entre plusieurs milliards d'objets et d'applications connectés. En outre, l'émergence de nouvelles technologies, telles que Internet of Things (IoT), conduite autonome et réalité augmentée, impose de plus fortes contraintes de performance et de qualité de service (QoS). Répondre aux besoins cités, tout en réduisant les dépenses d'investissement et d'exploitation (CAPEX/OPEX), sont les objectifs poursuivis par les opérateurs télécom, qui ont défini une nouvelle architecture d'accès radio, appelée Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). Le principe du C-RAN est de centraliser, au sein d'un pool, les parties de traitement, BaseBand Unit (BBU), d'un RAN traditionnel. Les BBU sont alors dissociées de la station de base et de la partie radio, Remote Radio Unit (RRU). Ces deux parties restent néanmoins connectées à travers un réseau intermédiaire appelé Fronthaul (FH). Dans cette thèse, nous allons concevoir une nouvelle architecture C-RAN partiellement centralisée qui intègrera une plateforme de virtualisation basée sur un environnement Xen, nommée " Metamorphic Network " (MNet). A travers cette architecture, nous viserons à : i) mettre en place un pool, dans lequel des ressources physiques (processeurs, mémoire, ports réseaux, etc.) seront partagées entre des BBU virtualisées et d'autres applications, ii) établir un réseau FH ouvert aux fournisseurs de services et aux tierces parties, facilitant ainsi le déploiement des services au plus près des utilisateurs, pour une meilleure qualité d'expérience, iii) exploiter, à travers le FH, les infrastructures Ethernet existantes pour réduire les CAPEX/OPEX et enfin, iv) atteindre les performances réseau préconisées pour la 5G. Dans la première contribution, nous allons définir une nouvelle architecture Xen pour la plateforme MNet, intégrant le framework de packet processing, OpenDataPlane (ODP), au sein d’un domaine Xen privilégié, nommé « Driver Domain ». Notre objectif, à travers cette architecture, est d’accélérer le traitement des paquets de données transitant par MNet, en évitant la surutilisation, par ODP, des cœurs du processeur physique (CPU) de la plateforme. Pour cela, des cœurs CPU virtuels (vCPU) seront alloués dans le Driver Domain pour être exploités durant le traitement des paquets par ODP. Cette nouvelle plateforme MNet servira de base pour notre architecture C-RAN. Dans la seconde contribution, nous allons implémenter, au sein du FH, deux solutions réseau. La première solution, consistera à déployer le réseau de couche 2, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL), pour connecter les différents éléments de notre architecture C-RAN. La seconde solution, consistera à déployer un réseau Software Defined Network (SDN), géré par le contrôleur distribué ONOS, qui sera virtualisé dans le pool BBU. Une comparaison des performances réseau sera réalisée entre ces deux solutionsOver the next five years, the new generation of mobile networks (5G) would face a significant growth of the data volume, exchanged between billions of connected objects and applications. Furthermore, the emergence of new technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous driving and augmented reality, imposes higher performance and quality of service (QoS) requirements. Meeting these requirements, while reducing the Capital and Operation Expenditures (CAPEX/OPEX), are the pursued goals of the mobile operators. Consequently, Telcos define a new radio access architecture, called Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). The C-RAN principle is to centralize, within a pool, the processing unit of a radio interface, named BaseBand Unit (BBU). These two units are interconnected through a Fronthaul (FH) network. In this thesis, we design a new partially centralized C-RAN architecture that integrates a virtualization platform, based on a Xen environment, called Metamorphic Network (MNet). Through this architecture, we aim to: i) implement a pool in which physical resources (processors, memory, network ports, etc.) are shared between virtualized BBUs and other applications; ii) establish an open FH network that can be used by multiple operators, service providers and third parties to deploy their services and Apps closer to the users for a better Quality of Experience (QoE); iii) exploit, through the FH, the existing Ethernet infrastructures to reduce CAPEX/OPEX; and finally iv) provide the recommended network performance for the 5G. In the first contribution, we define a new Xen architecture for the MNet platform integrating the packet-processing framework, OpenDataPlane (ODP), within a privileged Xen domain, called Driver Domain (DD). This new architecture accelerates the data packet processing within MNet, while avoiding the physical CPUs overuse by ODP. Thus, virtual CPU cores (vCPU) are allocated within DD and are used by ODP to accelerate the packet processing. This new Xen architecture improves the MNet platform by 15%. In the second contribution, we implement two network solutions within the FH. The first solution consist of deploying a layer 2 network protocol, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL), to connect multiple elements of our C-RAN architecture. The second solution consists of implementing a Software Defined Network (SDN) model managed by Open Network Operating System (ONOS), a distributed SDN controller that is which is virtualized within BBU pool. Moreover, a network performance comparison is performed between these two solutions
9
Mharsi, Niezi. "Cloud-Radio Access Networks : design, optimization and algorithms". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT043.
Abstract (sommario):
Cloud-Radio Access Network (C-RAN) est une architecture prometteuse pour faire face à l’augmentation exponentielle des demandes de trafic de données et surmonter les défis des réseaux de prochaine génération (5G). Le principe de base de CRAN consiste à diviser la station de base traditionnelle en deux entités : les unités de bande de base (BaseBand Unit, BBU) et les têtes radio distantes (Remote Radio Head, RRH) et à mettre en commun les BBUs de plusieurs stations dans des centres de données centralisés (pools de BBU). Ceci permet la réduction des coûts d’exploitation, l’amélioration de la capacité du réseau ainsi que des gains en termes d’utilisation des ressources. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, les opérateurs réseaux ont besoin d’investiguer de nouveaux algorithmes pour les problèmes d’allocation de ressources permettant ainsi de faciliter le déploiement de l’architecture C-RAN. La plupart de ces problèmes sont très complexes et donc très difficiles à résoudre. Par conséquent, nous utilisons l’optimisation combinatoire qui propose des outils puissants pour adresser ce type des problèmes.Un des principaux enjeux pour permettre le déploiement du C-RAN est de déterminer une affectation optimale des RRHs (antennes) aux centres de données centralisés (BBUs) en optimisant conjointement la latence sur le réseau de transmission fronthaul et la consommation des ressources. Nous modélisons ce problème à l’aide d’une formulation mathématique basée sur une approche de programmation linéaire en nombres entiers permettant de déterminer les stratégies optimales pour le problème d’affectation des ressources entre RRH-BBU et nous proposons également des heuristiques afin de pallier la difficulté au sens de la complexité algorithmique quand des instances larges du problème sont traitées, permettant ainsi le passage à l’échelle. Une affectation optimale des antennes aux BBUs réduit la latence de communication attendue et offre des gains en termes d’utilisation des ressources. Néanmoins, ces gains dépendent fortement de l’augmentation des niveaux d’interférence inter-cellulaire causés par la densité élevée des antennes déployées dans les réseaux C-RANs. Ainsi, nous proposons une formulation mathématique exacte basée sur les méthodes Branch-and-Cut qui consiste à consolider et ré-optimiser les rayons de couverture des antennes afin de minimiser les interférences inter-cellulaires et de garantir une couverture maximale du réseau conjointement. En plus de l’augmentation des niveaux d’interférence, la densité élevée des cellules dans le réseau CRAN augmente le nombre des fonctions BBUs ainsi que le trafic de données entre les antennes et les centres de données centralisés avec de fortes exigences en termes de latence sur le réseau fronthaul. Par conséquent, nous discutons dans la troisième partie de cette thèse comment placer d’une manière optimale les fonctions BBUs en considérant la solution split du 3GPP afin de trouver le meilleur compromis entre les avantages de la centralisation dans C-RAN et les forts besoins en latence et bande passante sur le réseau fronthaul. Nous proposons des algorithmes (exacts et heuristiques) issus de l’optimisation combinatoire afin de trouver rapidement des solutions optimales ou proches de l’optimum, même pour des instances larges du problèmesCloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has been proposed as a promising architecture to meet the exponential growth in data traffic demands and to overcome the challenges of next generation mobile networks (5G). The main concept of C-RAN is to decouple the BaseBand Units (BBU) and the Remote Radio Heads (RRH), and place the BBUs in common edge data centers (BBU pools) for centralized processing. This gives a number of benefits in terms of cost savings, network capacity improvement and resource utilization gains. However, network operators need to investigate scalable and cost-efficient algorithms for resource allocation problems to enable and facilitate the deployment of C-RAN architecture. Most of these problems are very complex and thus very hard to solve. Hence, we use combinatorial optimization which provides powerful tools to efficiently address these problems.One of the key issues in the deployment of C-RAN is finding the optimal assignment of RRHs (or antennas) to edge data centers (BBUs) when jointly optimizing the fronthaul latency and resource consumption. We model this problem by a mathematical formulation based on an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) approach to provide the optimal strategies for the RRH-BBU assignment problem and we propose also low-complexity heuristic algorithms to rapidly reach good solutions for large problem instances. The optimal RRH-BBU assignment reduces the expected latency and offers resource utilization gains. Such gains can only be achieved when reducing the inter-cell interference caused by the dense deployment of cell sites. We propose an exact mathematical formulation based on Branch-and-Cut methods that enables to consolidate and re-optimize the antennas radii in order to jointly minimize inter-cell interference and guarantee a full network coverage in C-RAN. In addition to the increase of inter-cell interference, the high density of cells in C-RAN increases the amount of baseband processing as well as the amount of data traffic demands between antennas and centralized data centers when strong latency requirements on fronthaul network should be met. Therefore, we discuss in the third part of this thesis how to determine the optimal placement of BBU functions when considering 3GPP split option to find optimal tradeoffs between benefits of centralization in C-RAN and transport requirements. We propose exact and heuristic algorithms based on combinatorial optimization techniques to rapidly provide optimal or near-optimal solutions even for large network sizes
10
Morcos, Mira. "Auction-based dynamic resource orchestration in cloud-based radio access networks". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLL003.
Abstract (sommario):
La densification de réseau à l'aide de petites cellules massivement déployées sur les zones macro-cellules, représente une solution prometteuse pour les réseaux mobiles 5G avenir pour faire face à l'augmentation du trafic mobile. Afin de simplifier la gestion de l'hétérogène du réseau d'accès radio (Radio Access Network RAN) qui résulte du déploiement massif de petites cellules, des recherches récentes et des études industrielles ont favorisé la conception de nouvelles architectures de RAN centralisés appelés comme Cloud-RAN (C-RAN), ou RAN virtuel (V-RAN), en incorporant les avantages du cloud computing et Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). Le projet de DynaRoC vise l'élaboration d'un cadre théorique de l'orchestration de ressources pour les C-RAN et dériver les limites de performance fondamentaux ainsi que les arbitrages entre les différents paramètres du système, et la conception de mécanismes d'orchestration de ressources dynamiques sur la base des conclusions théoriques à atteindre un équilibre de performance souhaité, en tenant compte des différents défis de conception. Le doctorant va étudier les mécanismes d'optimisation des ressources novatrices pour favoriser le déploiement de C-RAN, améliorer leur performance exploitant la technologie Network Functions VirtualizationNetwork densification using small cells massively deployed over the macro-cell areas, represents a promising solution for future 5G mobile networks to cope with mobile traffic increase. In order to simplify the management of the heterogeneous Radio Access Network (RAN) that results from the massive deployment of small cells, recent research and industrial studies have promoted the design of novel centralized RAN architectures termed as Cloud-RAN (C-RAN), or Virtual RAN (V-RAN), by incorporating the benefits of cloud computing and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). The DynaRoC project aims at (1) developing a theoretical framework of resource orchestration for C-RAN and deriving the fundamental performance limits as well as the tradeoffs among various system parameters, and (2) designing dynamic resource orchestration mechanisms based on the theoretical findings to achieve a desired performance balance, by taking into account various design challenges. The PhD student will investigate innovative resource optimization mechanisms to foster the deployment of C-RANs, improving their performance exploiting the enabling Network Functions Virtualization technology
Libri sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
Peng, Mugen, Zhongyuan Zhao e Yaohua Sun. Fog Radio Access Networks (F-RAN). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50735-0.
2
Quek, Tony Q. S., Mugen Peng, Osvaldo Simeone e Wei Yu, a cura di. Cloud Radio Access Networks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316529669.
3
Venkatarman, Hrishikesh, e Ramona Trestian. 5G Radio Access Networks. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315230870.
4
Zhang, Ying-Jun Angela, Congmin Fan e Xiaojun Yuan. Scalable Signal Processing in Cloud Radio Access Networks. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15884-2.
5
Matin, Mohammad A., a cura di. Spectrum Access and Management for Cognitive Radio Networks. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2254-8.
6
Berlemann, Lars. Cognitive radio for dynamic spectrum access. Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley & Sons, 2009.
7
Hossain, Ekram. Dynamic spectrum access and management in cognitive radio networks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
8
Calhoun, George. Wireless access and the local telephone network. Boston: Artech House, 1992.
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Wu, Leijia. A Study on Radio Access Technology Selection Algorithms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.
10
IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (2nd 2007 Dublin, Ireland). 2007 2nd IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2007.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
Li, Xi. "Dimensioning for Multi-Iub RAN Scenario". In Radio Access Network Dimensioning for 3G UMTS, 203–45. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-8111-3_8.
2
Frauendorf, José Luiz, e Érika Almeida de Souza. "The Evolution of RAN (Radio Access Network), D-RAN, C-RAN, V-RAN, and O-RAN". In The Architectural and Technological Revolution of 5G, 139–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10650-7_10.
3
He, Wencheng, Jinjin Gong, Xin Su, Jie Zeng, Xibin Xu e Limin Xiao. "SDN-Enabled C-RAN? An Intelligent Radio Access Network Architecture". In New Advances in Information Systems and Technologies, 311–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31307-8_32.
4
Tang, Shaoxian, Zhifeng Zhang, Jun Wu e Hui Zhu. "FPGA-Based Turbo Decoder Hardware Accelerator in Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN)". In Communications and Networking, 211–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66625-9_21.
5
Naghian, Siamäk, e Heikki Kaaranen. "UMTS Radio Access Network". In UMTS Networks, 99–142. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047001105x.ch5.
6
Vaezi, Mojtaba, e Ying Zhang. "Radio Access Network Evolution". In Wireless Networks, 67–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54496-0_6.
7
Xiang, Jie, Yan Zhang e Tor Skeie. "Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Femtocell Networks". In Access Networks, 164–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11664-3_13.
8
Salous, Sana, Thomas Werthmann, Ghassan Dahman, Jose Flordelis, Michael Peter, Sooyoung Hur, Jeongho Jh Park, Denis Rose e Andrés Navarro. "Urban Radio Access Networks". In Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments, 17–69. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337720-2.
9
Lang, Ke, Yuan Wu e Danny H. K. Tsang. "How to Optimally Schedule Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks". In Access Networks, 133–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11664-3_11.
10
Ma, Miao, e Danny H. K. Tsang. "Efficient Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks with Implicit Power Control". In Access Networks, 149–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11664-3_12.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
Barth, Ulrich. "Self-X RAN: Autonomous self organizing radio access networks". In 2009 7th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks - WiOpt 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291558.
2
Nakazawa, Masataka. "Photonics for next generation radio access network (RAN)". In XXXVth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. Gent, Belgium: URSI – International Union of Radio Science, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46620/ursigass.2023.3778.vihk3599.
3
Cai, Yegui, F. Richard Yu e Shengrong Bu. "Cloud radio access networks (C-RAN) in mobile cloud computing systems". In IEEE INFOCOM 2014 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcomw.2014.6849260.
4
Hsu, Ching-Kuo, Jia-Ming Liang, Kun-Ru Wu, Jen-Jee Chen e Yu-Chee Tseng. "Energy-Efficient Dynamic Point Selection for Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)". In 2017 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2017.7925554.
5
Dandachi, Ghina, Tijani Chahed, Salah Eddine Elayoubi, Nada Chendeb Taher e Ziad Fawal. "Joint allocation strategies for radio and processing resources in Virtual Radio Access Networks (V-RAN)". In 2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292512.
6
Fonseca, Felipe Freitas, Sand Luz Correa e Kleber Vieira Cardoso. "Optimizing allocation and positioning in a disaggregated radio access network". In XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2019.7403.
Abstract (sommario):
Future wireless communication infrastructures, starting from 5G, will operate their radio access networks (RANs) based on virtualized functions distributed over a crosshaul, i.e., a transport solution integrating fronthaul and backhaul. Optimizing the resource allocation and positioning of the virtual network functions of a virtualized RAN (vRAN) is crucial to improve performance. In this paper, we propose a new optimization model to deal with VRAN functions allocation and positioning that seeks to maximize the level of centralization. Our model explores several representative functional splits, including the fully distributed remote unit (UK), while taking into account the limit imposed by the communication paths between the crosshaul and the core network. We compare our model with a state-of-the-art solution and show how our approach improves the centralization level in most of the scenarios, even considering the limit imposed by the core infrastructure. Our model also provides higher number of feasible solutions in most of the cases. Additionally, we investigate the positioning of the central unit (CU) and show that its placement with the core infrastructure is rarely the best choice.
7
Hsu, Ching-Kuo, Jia-Ming Liang, Jen-Jee Chen, Kun-Ru Wu e Yu-Chee Tseng. "Data offloading for dynamic point selection in cloud radio access networks (C-RAN)". In 2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377006.
8
Ojaghi, Behnam, Ferran Adelantado, Elli Kartsakli, Angelos Antonopoulos e Christos Verikoukis. "Sliced-RAN: Joint Slicing and Functional Split in Future 5G Radio Access Networks". In ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2019.8761081.
9
Restuccia, Francesco, Erik Blasch, Andrew Ashdown, Jonathan Ashdown e Kurt Turck. "3D-O-RAN: Dynamic Data Driven Open Radio Access Network Systems". In MILCOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/milcom55135.2022.10017706.
10
Ying Li, Jianzhong Charlie Zhang e Mian Dong. "Smart Grid in radio access networks (SG-RAN): Smart energy management at cell-sites". In 2014 IEEE 11th Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc.2014.6866546.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Radio access networks, RAN":
1
DEFENSE SCIENCE BOARD WASHINGTON DC. Wideband Radio Frequency Modulation: Dynamic Access to Mobile Information Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417214.
2
Tang, Zhenyu, e J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves. Hop Reservation Multiple Access (HRMA) for Multichannel Packet Radio Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada461856.
3
Georgiopoulos, Michael, e P. Papantoni-Kazakos. A Random Access Algorithm for Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum Packet Radio Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada165935.
4
Wieselthier, Jeffrey E., e Anthony Ephremides. A Study of Channel-Access Schemes for Integrated Voice/Data Radio Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, novembre 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada243584.
5
Stevens, James A. Spatial Reuse through Dynamic Power and Routing Control in Common-Channel Random-Access Packet Radio Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada197898.
6
DEFENSE SCIENCE BOARD WASHINGTON DC. Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Wideband Radio Frequency Modulation: Dynamic Access to Mobile Information Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428978.
7
McGarrigle, Malachy. Watchpoints for Consideration When Utilising a VDI Network to Teach Archicad BIM Software Within an Educational Programme. Unitec ePress, ottobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.099.
Abstract (sommario):
This research identifies factors to be considered in the adoption of a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) accommodating the software needs of a tertiary institution. The study discusses the potential advantages and disadvantages of VDI, focusing specifically on the performance of the architectural software Archicad when used virtually. The findings will be relevant to similar programmes, such as Revit, and software used in other disciplines, especially where processing power is important. Aims discussed include reducing high-specification computers rarely used to capacity, assessing user experience, and feasibility of VDI remote access. Primarily a case study, this project centres around delivery of papers in the New Zealand Diploma of Architectural Technology programme at Unitec | Te Pūkenga that employ Archicad. Software efficiency and performance was monitored throughout teaching across numerous semesters. Incidents were logged and VDI operation tracked, especially during complex tasks such as image rendering. Load testing was also carried out to assess the implications of large user numbers simultaneously performing such complex tasks. Project findings indicate that Archicad performance depends on the design and specification of the virtual platform. Factors such as processing power, RAM allocation and ratio of users to virtual machines (VM)s proved crucial. Tasks executed by the software and how software itself uses hardware are other considerations. This research is important, as its findings could influence the information technology strategies of both academic institutions and industry in coming years. Virtual computing provides many benefits, and this project could provide the confidence for stakeholders to adopt new strategies using VDI instead of the traditional approach of computers with locally installed software applications.