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1
Camargo, Mariana Santoro de. "Efeito da quercetina sobre alguns fatores relacionados com a virulência de Staphylococcus aureus /". Araraquara : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94814.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Maria Stella Gonçalves RaddiBanca: Mariza Landgraf
Banca: Karina Ferrazzoli Devienne
Resumo: Esse estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da concentração subinibitória de quercetina sobre alguns fatores relacionados à virulência de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). A atividade antibacteriana foi determinada através do método de microdiluição em caldo e a concentração de 40μg/mL de quercetina foi utilizada como sub-inibitória. O sobrenadante de culturas de S. aureus em BHI contendo quercetina diminuiu a atividade hemolítica para hemácias de carneiro mas não alterou a atividade de citolisinas extracelulares para células de linhagem contínua (células McCoy B ATCC 1696) quando comparado com o sobrenadante da cultura na ausência do flavonol. O efeito da quercetina na fagocitose do S. aureus por polimorfonucleares neutrófilos (PMN) foi determinado através de técnica quimiluminescente. O burst oxidativo de PMN foi estatisticamente significativo para bactérias tratadas em relação às não tratadas, demonstrando que S. aureus crescidos na presença de quercetina tornam-se menos susceptíveis à fagocitose. A inibição da expressão de fatores relacionados à adesão bacteriana foi evidenciada através dos experimentos de fagocitose/adesão em microscopia óptica (1.000x). Mesmo que a quercetina, abaixo da concentração inibitória, tenha pouco efeito sobre a viabilidade de S. aureus, o conhecimento de que esse flavonol é capaz de alterar a adesão de estafilicocos à superfície celular parece ser atrativo para a sua utilização como profilático em processos infecciosos, visto que a adesão é o primeiro passo na patogênese da infecção bacteriana. Entretanto, deve-se considerar sua interferência com a atividade de células fagocíticas, uma importante função do sistema imune do hospedeiro.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin at sub-inhibitory concentration on some Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) factors related to the virulence. The antibacterial activity of quercetin was evaluated by broth microdilution method and the concentration of 40 μg/mL was used as sub- inhibitory. S. aureus BHI culture supernatant containing quercetin reduced the hemolytic activity for sheep erythrocytes but did not exhibit a detectable change in cytolysin extracellular activity on continuous cell lines (McCoy B cells ATCC 1696) when compared with quercetin-free medium. The effect of quercetin-grown staphylococci phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was compared with the effect on non-treated bacteria by chemiluminescence assay. The level of oxidative burst of PMN was statistically different in untreated versus quercetin-treated bacteria showing that druggrown cells became less susceptible to phagocytic uptake. The inhibition of expression of factors related bacterial adhesion was established though adesion/phagocytosis experiments by optical microscopy (1.000x). Even if quercetin at low level has little effect on S. aureus viability, the knowledge that this flavonol is able to affect the properties of staphylococci adherence to cell surfaces may be an attractive advance for its applications as prophylactic in infectious process, considering that bacterial adherence is the initial event in the pathogenesis of bacterial infection. Conversely, it also interferes with the activities of phagocytic cells, an important function of host immune system.
Mestre
2
Alves, Nelson Mendes. "Atenuação da radionecrose em ratos Wistar com aplicação cutânea de quercetina". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-18032016-093140/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O aumento da incidência de câncer tem sido expressivo nas ultimas décadas na população mundial, sendo confirmada segundo previsões de entidades nacionais e internacionais da área da saúde. O surgimento do câncer é influenciado predominantemente por fatores genéticos e ambientais, sendo manifestado com mais intensidade na população adulta. As principais modalidades para tratamento do câncer (radioterapia, quimioterapia e cirurgia) podem ser usadas individualmente ou em combinação, dependendo do tipo de câncer. Entre as modalidades citadas, a radioterapia é aquela com maior abrangência no tratamento de pacientes, tendo associado um efeito colateral denominado radiodermite que possui graus de severidade que variam de um simples eritema até radionecrose. As manifestações da radiodermite poderão ocorrer durante o tratamento ou após as seções de radioterapia, ambas as situações terão grande relevância na qualidade de vida do paciente e no custo social. Uma das terapias alternativas estudadas para atenuar a radionecrose é a aplicação cutânea de quercetina. Para avaliar a efetividade desta atenuação foi elaborado um modelo animal de radionecrose a ser utilizado em ratos Wistar. Após estudos in vitro, foi possível determinar as concentrações e momento de aplicação da quercetina, redundo o número de animais a serem utilizados nos experimentos in vivo. Com a aplicação tópica de 250 mol/L de quercetina, uma hora antes da irradiação gama com dose de 85 Gy, foi possível minimizar os efeitos secundários da radiação, evitando a formação de radionecrose e uma tendência de atenuar a área da ferida nos animais estudados, em comparação aos animais irradiados sem a aplicação da mesma.The increased incidence of cancer has been significant in recent decades in the world population, as confirmed by national and international institutions in the health area. The emergence of cancer is influenced, predominantly by genetic and environmental factors, being manifested more in the adult population. The main modalities for cancer treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery) may be used separately or in combination, depending on the type of cancer. Among the methods mentioned, radiation therapy is the one more broadly used for the treatment of patients, having an associated side effect called radiodermatitis, which has degrees of severity ranging from simple erythema to radionecrosis. The manifestation of radiodermatitis may occur during the treatment or after the radiotherapy sessions: both situations have great relevance in the patient\'s quality of life and social costs. One of the studied alternative therapies for attenuating the radionecrosis is the quercetin cutaneous application. One of the alternative therapies, studied to mitigate or eliminate the radionecrosis, is based on the topical application of quercetin. To evaluate the effectiveness of this mitigation, an animal model of radionecrosis was developed, to be used in Wistar rats. After in vitro studies, the quercetin concentrations and time of application were determined, reducing the number of animals, when in vivo experiments are carried out. With the topical application of 250 mol/L of quercetin, one hour prior to gamma irradiation, at a dose of 85 Gy, the side effects of radiation were minimized, avoiding the formation of radionecrosis. There was, also, a tendency to attenuate the wound area in the studied animals, compared to the irradiated animals without the quercetin application.
3
Lopes, Bruno Rafael Pereira [UNESP]. "Avaliação da atividade anti-hRSV da quercetina e seus derivados acetilados". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138577.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
No mundo, estima-se que exista cerca de 12 milhões de casos graves e 3 milhões de casos muito graves de infecção do trato respiratório inferior em crianças anualmente. Dentre os agentes etiológicos destas infecções, o vírus sincicial respiratório humano (hRSV) é a principal causa de internações infantis em países desenvolvidos, agravando os casos de bronquiolite, pneumonia e infecções pulmonares obstrutivas crônicas em pessoas de todas as idades, principalmente crianças e idosos. Estudos preliminares demonstraram que a Quercetina possui ação virucida sobre hRSV, além de inibir sua replicação. Entretanto, não se tem conhecimento do quão promissora é a atividade antiviral de Quercetina sobre o vírus hRSV ou mesmo se esta atividade poderia ser melhorada através de mudanças químicas em sua estrutura molecular. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer o índice de seletividade (IS) para Quercetina e seus derivados acetilados durante a infeção por hRSV através de ensaios in vitro. A análise de viabilidade celular através da adição do sal de MTT determinou os valores de CC50 para Quercetina na presença/ausência do vermelho de fenol (85 e 11,4 µM, respectivamente). Dentre as condições testadas, Quercetina apresentou atividade virucida (16-30% de proteção celular) sem apresentar efeitos no pré ou pós-tratamentos. Os valores de CC50 dos compostos derivados Q1 e Q2 foram 37,1 µM e 53,15 µM, respectivamente. O composto Q1 apresentou atividade anti-hRSV nos protocolos virucida e pós-tratamento (60-90%; 4-8 µM). O composto Q2 não apresentou atividade anti-hRSV relevante em nenhuma das condições testadas. A proteção celular apresentada pela Quercetina não possibilitou o cálculo de IS (CC50/CE50) o que nos sugere que este composto não seja um promissor agente anti-hRSV. Os índices de Seletividade calculados para o composto Q1 nos protocolos virucida e pós-tratamento foi de 9,27. O conjunto de resultados obtidos neste trabalho apresenta menor citotoxicidade e melhor performance anti-hRSV do composto Q1 em relação à Quercetina comercial. Estes dados nos estimulam a dar continuidade aos estudos do composto Q1 com o intuito de melhorarmos sua atividade antiviral e assim propormos um novo composto que seja efetivos na prevenção e/ou tratamento das infecções por hRSV.
Worldwide, is estimated that there are about 12 million serious cases and 3 million severe cases of lower respiratory tract infection in children every year. Among the etiological agents of these infections, respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of children's hospitalizations in developed countries, aggravating cases of bronchiolitis, pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary infections in people of all ages, especially children and the elderly. Preliminary studies demonstrated that Quercetin has virucidal action on hRSV, and inhibits replication. However, we do not know how promising is the antiviral activity of Quercetin on the hRSV. The objectives of this work is to understand the action of Quercetin and some of its derivatives acetylated on the steps of the replicative cycle of hRSV, determining the selectivity index for each compound. The development of this project will assist in the search for effective compounds in the prevention and/or treatment of hRSV infections. In the cytotoxicity assays, Quercetin showed CC50 values variable depending on the presence/absence of phenol red (11.4 and 85 μM respectively). Among the concentrations tested Quercetin only showed a slight virucidal activity (16-30% concentration 5-10 μM). The CC50 values were derived compounds 37.1 μM for Q1 and Q2 to 53.15 μM. Compound Q1 showed anti-hRSV activity in virucidal and post-treatment protocol (60-90% at 4-8 μM). The Q2 compound showed no anti-hRSV relevant activity. The presence or absence of phenol red had great influence in determining the CC50 values of Quercetin (11.4 μM and 85 μM with phenol red). In addition, Quercetin showed little (virucidal protocol without phenol) or no anti-hRSV activity. Thus it has not been possible to establish the EC50 of Quercetin and determine its selectivity index (SI). The Q1 compound showed a greater CC50 value (37.1 μM) and relevant anti-hRSV activity in post-treatment and virucidal protocols (SI 9.27). Among the compounds tested, Q2 showed the highest value of CC50 (53.15 μM without phenol) however, had little or no anti-hRSV activity, making it impossible to determine their SI.
4
Lopes, Bruno Rafael Pereira. "Avaliação da atividade anti-hRSV da quercetina e seus derivados acetilados /". Assis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138577.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientadora: Karina Alves de ToledoBanca: Valéria Marta Gomes do Nascimento
Banca: Fátima Pereira de Souza
Resumo: No mundo, estima-se que exista cerca de 12 milhões de casos graves e 3 milhões de casos muito graves de infecção do trato respiratório inferior em crianças anualmente. Dentre os agentes etiológicos destas infecções, o vírus sincicial respiratório humano (hRSV) é a principal causa de internações infantis em países desenvolvidos, agravando os casos de bronquiolite, pneumonia e infecções pulmonares obstrutivas crônicas em pessoas de todas as idades, principalmente crianças e idosos. Estudos preliminares demonstraram que a Quercetina possui ação virucida sobre hRSV, além de inibir sua replicação. Entretanto, não se tem conhecimento do quão promissora é a atividade antiviral de Quercetina sobre o vírus hRSV ou mesmo se esta atividade poderia ser melhorada através de mudanças químicas em sua estrutura molecular. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer o índice de seletividade (IS) para Quercetina e seus derivados acetilados durante a infeção por hRSV através de ensaios in vitro. A análise de viabilidade celular através da adição do sal de MTT determinou os valores de CC50 para Quercetina na presença/ausência do vermelho de fenol (85 e 11,4 µM, respectivamente). Dentre as condições testadas, Quercetina apresentou atividade virucida (16-30% de proteção celular) sem apresentar efeitos no pré ou pós-tratamentos. Os valores de CC50 dos compostos derivados Q1 e Q2 foram 37,1 µM e 53,15 µM, respectivamente. O composto Q1 apresentou atividade anti-hRSV nos protocolos virucida e pó... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Worldwide, is estimated that there are about 12 million serious cases and 3 million severe cases of lower respiratory tract infection in children every year. Among the etiological agents of these infections, respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of children's hospitalizations in developed countries, aggravating cases of bronchiolitis, pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary infections in people of all ages, especially children and the elderly. Preliminary studies demonstrated that Quercetin has virucidal action on hRSV, and inhibits replication. However, we do not know how promising is the antiviral activity of Quercetin on the hRSV. The objectives of this work is to understand the action of Quercetin and some of its derivatives acetylated on the steps of the replicative cycle of hRSV, determining the selectivity index for each compound. The development of this project will assist in the search for effective compounds in the prevention and/or treatment of hRSV infections. In the cytotoxicity assays, Quercetin showed CC50 values variable depending on the presence/absence of phenol red (11.4 and 85 μM respectively). Among the concentrations tested Quercetin only showed a slight virucidal activity (16-30% concentration 5-10 μM). The CC50 values were derived compounds 37.1 μM for Q1 and Q2 to 53.15 μM. Compound Q1 showed anti-hRSV activity in virucidal and post-treatment protocol (60-90% at 4-8 μM). The Q2 compound showed no anti-hRSV relevant activity. The ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Gaeta, Henrique Hessel. "Avaliação de compostos polifenólicos nos efeitos induzidos pela sPLA2 de veneno cortálico e botrópico". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153495.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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A explosão respiratória está fortemente associada ao processo inflamatório, uma vez que diversos compostos antioxidantes estão envolvidos na potencialização ou neutralização deste processo. Diversos peróxidos inorgânicos e orgânicos são produzidos durante esse processo, como os hidroperóxidos de lipídio. Hidroperóxidos de lipídio são estáveis, extremamente reativos e podem induzir a apoptose celular. Tais lipídios modificados podem ser produzidos durante o processo inflamatório induzido pelas fosfolipases A2 (PLA2) que constituem o veneno de serpentes, que possui como consequência de sua atividade catalítica a produção de ácido araquidônico pela quebra de fosfolipídios de membrana, e estes então seriam oxidados por espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS), formando os hidroperóxidos araquidônicos, que agravam o quadro inflamatório. Deste modo, nesse trabalho avaliamos o efeito protetor de compostos polifenólicos e extratos ricos em tais compostos de diferentes espécies vegetais no curso da inflamação e miotoxidade e no efeito inflamatório pró-oxidante induzido pela PLA2 purificada de veneno crotálico e botrópico. Nossos resultados mostraram que diversos compostos polifenólicos são capazes de diminuir os efeitos provocados pela PLA2, interagindo diretamente, inibindo a enzima e possivelmente atuando na captura de ROS.
Respiratory burst is strongly associated with inflammatory process, since several antioxidant compounds are involved in potentiation or neutralization of this process. Various inorganic and organic peroxides are produced during this process such as lipid hydroperoxides. Lipid hydroperoxides are stable, highly reactive and can induce cellular apoptosis. Such modified lipids can be produced during the inflammatory process induced by phospholipases A2 (PLA2) which are present in snake venom, and produces, because of its catalytic activity, arachidonic acid by the breakdown of membrane phospholipids, and these would then be oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS), forming the arachidonic hydroperoxides, which aggravates inflammation. Thus, in this work we evaluated the protective effect of polyphenolic compounds and extracts rich in such compounds of different plant species throughout the inflammation and myotoxicity and in pro-oxidant effect induced by PLA2 purified from bothrops and crotalus venom. Our results showed that polyphenolic compounds can decrease effects caused by PLA2, by directly interaction, inhibiting the enzyme and possible acting to capture ROS.
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Behm, Norma. "Einfluss des Flavonols Quercetin auf ausgewählte Parameter des Energiestoffwechsels bei fettreich ernährten Ratten". Tönning Lübeck Marburg Der Andere Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997031263/04.
Testo completo
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Freitas, Thiago Carrazoni de. "Caracterização da atividade entomotóxica induzida pelo extrato metanólico de araucaria angustifolia em baratas da espécie phoetalia pallida". Universidade Federal do Pampa, 2012. http://dspace.unipampa.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riu/3862.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Submitted by Francine Silva (francine.silva@unipampa.edu.br) on 2019-03-26T18:42:20Z
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Caracterização da atividade entomotóxica induzida pelo extrato metanólico de araucaria angustifolia em baratas da espécie phoetalia pallida.pdf: 1288498 bytes, checksum: 743a39a2337c5be31393482af81a2fb6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-26T18:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caracterização da atividade entomotóxica induzida pelo extrato metanólico de araucaria angustifolia em baratas da espécie phoetalia pallida.pdf: 1288498 bytes, checksum: 743a39a2337c5be31393482af81a2fb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-05
Neste trabalho foi demostrado, pela primeira vez, a atividade inseticida do extrato metanólico de Arauacaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze 1898 (AAME) e seu metabólito secundário, a quercetina, em baratas da espécie Phoetalia pallida. A investigação fitoquímica preliminar, realizada através da Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD), demonstrou a presença do flavonóide quercetina no AAME. A confirmação da presença da quercetina no extrato foi obtida por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC), com tempo de retenção em 10.6min. A determinação de fenólicos totais indicou uma alta concentração destes compostos (1,03%) no AAME. Os ensaios para a determinação da dose letal mínima (DLM) em baratas da espécie P. pallida, confirmaram a atividade inseticida do extrato em doses a partir de (800g/g de animal). A mesma atividade foi demonstrada pela quercetina (80μg/g), porém, com maior potência comparada ao AAME. Ambos, AAME (200μg/g) e quercetina (40μg/g) foram eficazes em bloquear significativamente a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase no inseto. Os ensaios de atividade biológica demonstram uma atividade neurotóxica do AAME e da quercetina, tanto em nível central quanto periférico do inseto. Dessa forma, o AAME (200μg/g) e a quercetina (40μg/g) induziram um aumento no tempo total de grooming realizado pelo inseto, (138.11±5s /30min; p<0.05 e 2305s/30min; p<0.05), respectivamente. A administração de Atropina (40μg/g), previamente à adição de quercetina (40μg/g) induziu um aumento significativo na atividade de grooming quando comparado à quercetina isoladamente (3503s/30min; p<0.05). Quando o animal foi pré-tratado com Metoctramina (40μg/g), um inibidor seletivo de receptores colinérgicos M2-M3, observou-se o maior aumento no tempo de grooming induzido pela quercetina (40μg/g) (6008s/30min; p<0.01 teste t). Por outro lado, o pré-tratamento com o SCH23390 (40μg/g), um inibidor seletivo de receptores DA-D1, reduziu significativamente o grooming induzido pela quercetina (40μg/g) (906s/30min; p<0.05). A administração de Tiramina (40μg/g) e hidroxilamina (40μg/g), um inibidor da guanilato ciclase, aumentaram significativamente o tempo de grooming induzido pela quercetina (20415s/30min; p<0.05) e (32515s/30min; p<0.01), respectivamente. Quando ensaiados em preparação músculo coxal-adutor metatorácico de P. pallida, tanto o AAME (200μg/g de animal) quando a quercetina (40μg/g) induziram bloqueio neuromuscular irreversível em 120 min de registros (50±9%; p<0.05 e 100±7%; p<0.05), respectivamente. Este último resultado indica uma ação direta do extrato de A. angustifolia sobre o Sistema Nervoso Periférico da barata. Os resultados mostrados neste trabalho validam a atividade inseticida do AAME em P. pallida. Compostos fenólicos presentes no extrato provavelmente estão envolvidos na atividade inseticida, como demonstrado pela quercetina. O mecanismo de ação inseticida é complexo, e envolve tanto a neurotoxicidade sobre o Sistema Nervoso Central quanto sobre o Periférico. A ativação de uma cascata de eventos que se inicia com a ativação de autoreceptores muscarínicos no soma dopaminérgico e/ou em interneurônios colinérgicos, induziria um aumento da concentração do IP3 citosólico bem como do Ca2+ favorecendo a liberação da dopamina no sistema nervoso central do inseto. Quanto à atividade bloqueadora neuromuscular, estudos mais detalhados usando-se moduladores farmacológicos de receptores de glutamato e do ácido-gama-aminobutírico (GABA) poderão elucidar esse efeito.
We have demonstrated, for the first time, the insecticidal activity of Araucaria angustifolia methanolic extract (AAME) and one of its chemical secondary metabolites, quercetin against Phoetalia pallida. Preliminary investigation of AAME phytochemical compounds by thin layer chromatography showed the presence of quercetin. The total phenolic contents measured by spectrophotometry showed high content of phenolic acids (1,03%). High Performance Liquid Cromatography (HPLC) proved the presence of quercetin that was eluted at 10.6min. In doses ranging from 800-1200g/g (animal weight) AAME was effective to kill all cockroaches injected after 24 hours. Quercetin was more effective than AAME whole extract being lethal at 80g/g (animal weight). Both AAME (200μg/g of animal weight) and quercetin (40μg/g of animal weight) were able to induce a significative blockage at insect acetylcholinesterase activity. these compounds also induced increase in the time of grooming activity (138.11±5s /30min; p<0.05) and (2305s/30min; p<0.05), respectively. The injection of atropine (40μg/g) combined with quercetin (40μg/g of animal weight) significantly increased the grooming levels to over the control values of quercetin (3503s/30min; p<0.05). When methoctramine (40μg/g), a selective inhibitor of M2-M3 cholinergic receptor was combined with quercetin (40μg/g of animal weight) there was the highest increase on the grooming pattern (6008s/30min; p<0.01). When the SCH 23390 (40μg/g), a selective DA-D1 receptor blocker was administrated 15min earlier the treatment with quercetin (40μg/g) there was a significative inhibition of the grooming levels (906s/30min; p<0.05). Treatments with Tyramine (40μg/g) and Hydroxylamine (40μg/g), a Guanylate Cyclase (GC) induced a significative increase in the quercetin-induced grooming activity (20415s/30min; p<0.05) and (32515s/30min; p<0.01), respectively. Both AAME and quercetin were able to complete inhibit cockroach neuromuscular transmission in 120 min recordings (50±9% n=6; p<0.05) and (100±7% n=10; p<0.05), respectively . The later result, point out to a direct action of the extract on insect peripheral nervous system. The results presented here validate the insecticide activity of A. angustifolia methanolic extract in P. pallida. Phenolic compounds presents in this extract era likely to be involved in the insecticide activity of AAME. The mechanism of insecticide activity is complex and involve both Central and Peripheral Nervous System. The activation of events that initiate with the activation of Muscarinic Auto-receptors and/or cholinergic interneurons, could lead to an increase of cytosolic IP3 and Ca2+ concentration which could induce a dopamine release in the insect Nervous System. Concerning to the neuromuscular blockage, a further pharmacological investigation would be necessary to clarify this effect. However, one cannot disregard a direct action of quercetin on insect NMDA receptors.
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Souza, Alex Jardelino Felizardo de. "Avaliação dos efeitos antimicrobianos de rutina e quercetina in vitro". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314773.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Marcos Hikari ToyamaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Flavonóides é um grupo de compostos polifenólicos e metabólitos secundários produzidos por plantas. Eles podem ser encontrados em frutos e vegetais. Vários estudos têm mostrado que os flavonóides podem apresentar várias atividades biológicas importantes como agentes antioxidantes, antitumorais, antimicrobianos e ainda inibir atividade de algumas moléculas com as PLA2. Recentemente estudos mostram também que os flavonóides podem atuar em moléculas de DNA. A atividade antimicrobiana dos flavonóides é decorrente de desestruturação de membrana celular e consequentemente destruição da célula bacteriana. Neste trabalho avaliamos efeitos antimicrobianos de quercetina e rutina, que são comumente empregados como fitoterápicos. Foi observado que ambos flavonóides inibiram o crescimento de bactérias fitopatogênicas. Contudo nenhum efeito foi observado em outras linhagens de bactérias patogênicas. Os resultados de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e transmissão não evidenciaram mudanças significativas na estrutura celular de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae incubadas com rutina e quercetina. Tanto rutina quanto a quercetina foram capazes de promover mudanças estruturais na molécula de cDNA como observado nos resultados de HPLC. A rutina induziu discreta modificação na proteína DNA polimerase. E quercetina impediu a síntese de cDNA a partir de RNA como mostram resultados de eletroforese. Estes dados sugerem que a inibição do crescimento de Xanthomonas axonpodis pv. Passiflorae e Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis pode envolver a ação dos flavonóides (quercetina e rutina) sobre o DNA bacteriano, mudando suas propriedades estruturais e consequentemente a replicação bacteriana. E ainda, os dados mostram que a presença da rutinose pode influenciar a forma de atuação destes flavonóides.
Abstract: Flavonoids are a group of polyfenolic compounds and secondary metabolites produced by plants. They may be found in fruits and vegetables. Several studies have shown that the flavonoids may submit several biological important activities as antioxidants agents, antitumor, antimicrobials and even inhibit activity of some molecules like the PLA2. Recently studies also show that the flavonoids may act in DNA molecules. The antimicrobial activity of flavonoids is the result of destructuring cell membrane and consequently the bacterial cell destruction. In this work we evaluated the antimicrobials effects of quercetin and rutin, which are commonly employed as phytotherapic drugs. It was observed that both flavonoids inhibited the growth of phytopathogenics bacteria. However no effect was observed in other pathogenic bacteria strains. The results of scanning electronic and transmission microscopy showed significant changes in cellular structure of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv passiflorae incubated with rutin and quercetin. Both rutin as quercetin were able to promote structural change in the molecule of cDNA as observed in the results of HPLC. The rutin induced mild changes in protein DNA polymerase. Quercetin prevented the synthesis of cDNA from RNA as showed by electrophoresis results. These data suggest that inhibition of growth of Xanthomonas axonpodis pv. passiflorae and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis may involve the action of flavonoids (quercetin and rutin) on bacterial DNA, changing its structural properties and consequently the bacterial replication. And yet, the data show that the presence of rutinose may influence the form of action of these flavonoids.
Mestrado
Bioquimica
Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
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Reinboth, Marianne. "Bioverfügbarkeit des Flavonols Quercetin beim Hund". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-62483.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
6 Zusammenfassung Marianne Reinboth Bioverfügbarkeit des Flavonols Quercetin beim Hund Veterinär-Physiologisches Institut der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig Eingereicht im Juni 2010 79 Seiten, 20 Abbildungen, 6 Tabellen, 211 Literaturangaben, 1 Anhang Schlüsselwörter: Quercetin, Bioverfügbarkeit, Hund, absolute Bioverfügbarkeit, Isoquercitrin, Rutin, Flavonole Für das pflanzliche Flavonol Quercetin werden vielfältige gesundheitsfördernde Wirkungen postuliert, so auch bei Hunden. Über die Bioverfügbarkeit des Flavonols bei dieser Spezies liegen bislang jedoch keinerlei Daten vor. Daher hatte diese Arbeit das Ziel, Bioverfügbarkeit und pharmakokinetische Parameter von Quercetin und wichtigen Quercetinglycosiden bei Hunden nach deren Verabreichung mit einer Testmahlzeit in einer praxisrelevanten Dosierung von 10 mg/kg Körpermasse zu untersuchen. Dazu erhielten 9 adulte Beagles beiderlei Geschlechts das zuckerfreie \"Aglycon\" Quercetin bzw. seine Glycoside Isoquercitrin (Quercetin-3-O-Glucosid) und Rutin (Quercetin-3-O-Glucorhamnosid) in jeweils äquimolarer Dosierung in einer Testmahlzeit verabreicht. Anschließend wurden Blutproben über einen Zeitraum von bis zu 72 Stunden entnommen und mittels HPLC die Konzentrations-Zeitverläufe der Metaboliten im Blutplasma, die Bioverfügbarkeit sowie weitere pharmakokinetische Parameter bestimmt. Weiterhin wurde die absolute Bioverfügbarkeit von Quercetin aus dem Vergleich einer oralen mit einer intravenösen Applikation bestimmt. Der weitaus größte Teil der Plasmametaboliten von Quercetin sowie seiner beiden Glycoside bestand aus glucuronidierten bzw. sulfatierten Quercetinkonjugaten. Nicht konjugiertes Quercetin-Aglycon kam nur in einem Anteil von etwa 20 % vor. Neben Quercetin machten seine Metaboliten Isorhamnetin und Kämpferol weniger als 10 % aller im Plasma zirkulierenden Flavonole aus. Die absolute Bioverfügbarkeit von Quercetin betrug nur etwa 4 %. Die relative Bioverfügbarkeit aus dem 3-O-Glucosid Isoquercitrin war mehr als doppelt so hoch wie aus dem Aglycon, die maximalen Plasmaspiegel lagen aber auch hier unter 1 µmol/l. Sowohl nach Aufnahme von Quercetin als auch nach Isoquercitrin kam es zu einer relativ schnellen Absorption aus dem Dünndarm mit einem ersten Plasmapeak ungefähr eine Stunde nach der Ingestion. Vier Stunden nach Aufnahme der beiden Flavonole trat ein zweiter Plasmapeak auf, der in der Regel höher als der erste ausfiel. Dies deutet auf einen enterohepatischen Kreislauf der über die Galle ausgeschiedenen Metaboliten hin. Nach Aufnahme von Rutin kam es zu einer verzögerten Absorption, da eine Deglycosylierung durch bakterielle Glycosidasen im Dickdarm Voraussetzung für die Absorption des Flavonols ist. Maximale Plasmakonzentrationen wurden im Mittel erst 11 Stunden nach Ingestion dieses Glycosids erreicht. Die maximalen Plasmakonzentra-tionen nach Rutin waren geringer als nach Quercetin oder Isoquercitrin, jedoch war die mittlere Verweildauer der Plasmametaboliten mit 18 Stunden auch wesentlich länger. Im Unterschied zu anderen Spezies war die relative Bioverfügbarkeit von Rutin gegenüber Quercetin nicht verringert. Obwohl Rutin eine relativ gute Quercetinquelle für Hunde zu sein scheint, muss bei der Einschätzung möglicher In-vivo-Wirkungen die relativ geringe Bioverfügbarkeit sowie die intensive Metabolisierung seines Aglycons Quercetin berücksichtigt werden7 Summary Marianne Reinboth Bioavailability of the Flavonol Quercetin in Dogs Institute of Physiology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig Submitted in June 2010 79 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables, 211 references, 1 appendix Keywords: quercetin, bioavailability, dog, absolute bioavailability, isoquercitrin, rutin, flavonols The plant flavonol quercetin is supposed to exert multiple health-related effects in dogs. To date no information on its bioavailability in this particular species is avai-lable. This study intended to investigate bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of quercetin and certain quercetin glycosides in dogs after ingestion of a test meal sup-plemented with a quercetin dose equivalent to 10 mg/kg body weight. Nine adult beagle dogs of both sexes received the aglycon quercetin (sugarfree) or its glycosides isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and rutin (quercetin-3-O-glucorhamnoside) in equimolar amounts together with a test meal. Blood samples were taken over a period of up to 72 hours; bioavailability and pharmacokinetics were calculated from the HPLC-derived plasmaconcentration-time-curves. Absolute bioavailability was calculated by comparing an oral to an intravenous administration of quercetin. The majority of analysed plasma metabolites were glucuronidated and sulfated con-jugates of quercetin. Non-conjugated quercetin aglycon comprised only 20 %. Be-sides quercetin, its metabolites isorhamnetin and kaempferol made up less than 10 % of all circulating metabolites. The absolute bioavailability of quercetin was only 4 %. The relative bioavailability of quercetin from isoquercitrin was more than twice as high than from the aglycon, but even there maximal plasma concentrations were generally less than 1 μmol/l. Absorption from the small intestine was rather fast with a first plasma peak after 1 hour after ingestion of quercetin or isoquercitrin. A second, generally higher plasma peak occurred 4 hours after ingestion. This suggests an in-tensive enterohepatic recycling of biliary secreted metabolites. Absorption was significantly delayed after ingestion of rutin due to the necessity of bacterial deglycosilation in the large intestine. Plasma concentrations peaked only after 11 hours. Plasma concentrations after rutin were lower than after quercetin or isoquercitrin, but mean residence time of plasma metabolites was as long as 18 hours after rutin ingestion. Consequently, a once daily feeding of dogs with rutin might lead to relatively constant plasma metabolite concentrations. In contrast to other species, bioavailability from rutin was not smaller than that from quercetin. Although rutin seems to be a relative good quercetin source for dogs, estimations about potential in-vivo-effects of quercetin have to take into consideration its low bioavailabilty and intensive metabolism
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Camargo, Mariana Santoro de [UNESP]. "Efeito da quercetina sobre alguns fatores relacionados com a virulência de Staphylococcus aureus". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94814.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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camargo_ms_me_arafcf.pdf: 358942 bytes, checksum: 8f89d0a7367c210ee69a22ae462e0342 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Esse estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da concentração subinibitória de quercetina sobre alguns fatores relacionados à virulência de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). A atividade antibacteriana foi determinada através do método de microdiluição em caldo e a concentração de 40μg/mL de quercetina foi utilizada como sub-inibitória. O sobrenadante de culturas de S. aureus em BHI contendo quercetina diminuiu a atividade hemolítica para hemácias de carneiro mas não alterou a atividade de citolisinas extracelulares para células de linhagem contínua (células McCoy B ATCC 1696) quando comparado com o sobrenadante da cultura na ausência do flavonol. O efeito da quercetina na fagocitose do S. aureus por polimorfonucleares neutrófilos (PMN) foi determinado através de técnica quimiluminescente. O burst oxidativo de PMN foi estatisticamente significativo para bactérias tratadas em relação às não tratadas, demonstrando que S. aureus crescidos na presença de quercetina tornam-se menos susceptíveis à fagocitose. A inibição da expressão de fatores relacionados à adesão bacteriana foi evidenciada através dos experimentos de fagocitose/adesão em microscopia óptica (1.000x). Mesmo que a quercetina, abaixo da concentração inibitória, tenha pouco efeito sobre a viabilidade de S. aureus, o conhecimento de que esse flavonol é capaz de alterar a adesão de estafilicocos à superfície celular parece ser atrativo para a sua utilização como profilático em processos infecciosos, visto que a adesão é o primeiro passo na patogênese da infecção bacteriana. Entretanto, deve-se considerar sua interferência com a atividade de células fagocíticas, uma importante função do sistema imune do hospedeiro.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin at sub-inhibitory concentration on some Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) factors related to the virulence. The antibacterial activity of quercetin was evaluated by broth microdilution method and the concentration of 40 μg/mL was used as sub- inhibitory. S. aureus BHI culture supernatant containing quercetin reduced the hemolytic activity for sheep erythrocytes but did not exhibit a detectable change in cytolysin extracellular activity on continuous cell lines (McCoy B cells ATCC 1696) when compared with quercetin-free medium. The effect of quercetin-grown staphylococci phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was compared with the effect on non-treated bacteria by chemiluminescence assay. The level of oxidative burst of PMN was statistically different in untreated versus quercetin-treated bacteria showing that druggrown cells became less susceptible to phagocytic uptake. The inhibition of expression of factors related bacterial adhesion was established though adesion/phagocytosis experiments by optical microscopy (1.000x). Even if quercetin at low level has little effect on S. aureus viability, the knowledge that this flavonol is able to affect the properties of staphylococci adherence to cell surfaces may be an attractive advance for its applications as prophylactic in infectious process, considering that bacterial adherence is the initial event in the pathogenesis of bacterial infection. Conversely, it also interferes with the activities of phagocytic cells, an important function of host immune system.
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Camargo, Camila de Andrade 1980. "Efeito da quercetina nas atividades fosfatasicas e seu efeito protetor na hepatotoxicidade induzida pelo acetaminofeno em camundongos". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314331.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientadores: Hiroshi Aoyama, Marcio Andre MirandaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os flavonóides são fitocompostos polifenólicos, caracterizados quimicamente como heterosídeos flavônicos. Apresentam diversas atividades biológicas devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes e habilidades em modular a atividade de diversas enzimas ou receptores celulares, tornando-os responsáveis pelo efeito protetor contra doenças relacionadas ao sistema cardiovascular; certas formas de câncer e doenças de fotossensibilidade e envelhecimento. As fosfatases ácidas, enzimas que hidrolisam ésteres fosfatos em meio ácido, encontram-se amplamente distribuídas no organismo. Estas enzimas são importantes no catabolismo de diversas substâncias, acreditando-se que a alteração da atividade destas enzimas esteja relacionada com modificações induzidas por drogas e por várias doenças. As transaminases são enzimas hepáticas cujo nível aumenta quando há lesão das células hepáticas (hepatócitos) provocada por qualquer tipo de agressão, como vírus, consumo excessivo de álcool ou drogas. O acetaminofeno é uma droga frequentemente usada como analgésico e antipirético. O dano hepático causado pelo uso frequente ou exagerado do acetaminofeno é comum hoje em dia. A manutenção correta dos sistemas metabólicos hepáticos é de grande importância para a manutenção da saúde. Desta forma, o estudo do flavonóide quercetina como possível protetor dos efeitos hepatotóxicos provocados pelo acetaminofeno pode ser muito promissor. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar os efeitos preventivos e terapêuticos, in vivo, do flavonóide quercetina sobre as atividades de fosfatases ácidas (total, tartarato-resistente e de baixa massa molecular relativa) e de transaminases glutâmica oxalacética (TGO) e glutâmica pirúvica (TGP) no fígado de camundongos, tratados ou não com acetaminofeno. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi realizado um tratamento agudo (24 horas), de camundongos machos da linhagem Swiss, com quercetina e acetaminofeno, utilizando-se óleo de milho ou nujol como veículo para o flavonóide. A dosagem da TGO e da TGP confirmou que o acetaminofeno pode realmente ser considerado hepatotóxico, quando administrado ou ingerido em grandes concentrações no organismo. A quercetina, dissolvida em óleo mineral, reverteu a hepatotoxicidade induzida pelo acetaminofeno, nos tratamento terapêutico e, em conjunto com acetaminofeno. A quercetina dissolvida em óleo de milho, no tratamento preventivo, pode não ser a única responsável pela reversão da hepatotoxicidade causada pela administração do acetaminofeno, uma vez que quando se substituiu o veículo utilizado, óleo de milho pelo óleo mineral, este efeito não foi mais observado. Comparando-se os resultados obtidos entre fosfatases e transaminases pode-se observar que a atividade da FATR, no tratamento com nujol, demosntra uma semelhança muito grande com os resultados observados nos gráficos das atividades das transaminases e provavelmente pode se considerada uma marcadora de dano hepático. O alfa-tocoferol, presente no óleo de milho, pode ter exercido um efeito antioxidante, e mascarado o efeito protetor da quercetina e a hepatotoxicidade do acetaminofeno. Este estudo foi importante para mostrar que a atividade dos flavonóides no organismo vivo pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores, como: a natureza do veículo utilizado na sua administração, ordem de administração e o tempo de permanecia no organismo
Abstract: Flavonoids are polyphenolic phytocompounds chemically characterized as flavonic heterosides. These compounds present several biological activities due to their antioxidant properties and hability to modulate the activities of enzymes or cellular receptors, making them responsible for the protector effect against diseases related to the cardiovascular system, certain forms of cancer, photosensibility diseases and aging. Acid phosphatases, enzymes that hydrolyze phosphate esters at acid medium, are largely distributed in the organisms. These enzymes are important in the catabolism of several compounds and could be related to the modifications induced by drugs and diseases. Transaminases are hepatic enzymes which levels increase in consequence of hepatic cells (hepatocytes) lesions provoked by agressions such as virus and excessive alcohol and drug consumption. Acetaminophen is a drug frequently used as analgesic and antipyretic. It is common the hepatic damage caused by the frequent or exaggerated use of acetaminophen. The correct maintenance of the hepatic metabolic systems is of great importance for the health. In this way, the study of the flavonoid quercetin as a possible protector of the hepatotoxic effects provoked by acetaminophen seems to be promising. The objectif of the present work was to study the in vivo effects of the flavonoid quercetin on the activities of acid phosphatases (total, tartrate-resistant and relative low molecular weight) and of transaminases glutamic oxalacetic (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic (GPT) in mice livers treated with acetaminophen. To develop this work, it was performed an acute treatment (24 hours) of Swiss male mice, with quercetin and acetaminophen, using corn oil or nujol as a vehicle for the flavonoid. The determination of GOT and GPT activities confirmed that acetaminophen can be considered hepatotoxic, when administered or ingested in great amount. In the therapeutic treatments, when applied with acetaminophen, quercetin, solubilized in mineral oil, reverted the acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In the preventive treatment, quercetin, solubilized in corn oil, might not be the only responsible for the reversibility, since this effect was no more observed when the vegetal oil was replaced by the mineral oil. The results with FATR, in the treatment with nujol, showed great similarity with the results obtained with transaminases, suggesting that this class of phosphatases could be considered as markers of hepatic damage. The alphatocopherol, present in the corn oil, could be exerting an antioxidant effect, masking the protector effect of quercetin and the acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. The importance of the present study was to stress that the in vivo flavonoids activities can be influenced by several factors, such as, the nature of the vehicle used in the administration, the order of administration and the retention time in the organism
Mestrado
Bioquimica
Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
12
Pujari, Twarita Anil. "Cocrystals of nutraceuticals: Protocatechuic acid and quercetin". Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2156.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The cocrystallization of two or more pure compounds by crystal engineering to create a new functional material is of a great academic and industrial interest. Pharmaceutical cocrystallization has allured a lot of attention by means of altering the physicochemical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) such as solubility, stability and bioavailability. Crystal engineering of nutraceuticals can produce novel compounds such as pharmaceutical cocrystals. To establish the importance of nutraceutical cocrystallization and its use; polyphenols, a major class of nutraceuticals and potential disease preventing agents, are the appropriate targets. The work herein focuses on two polyphenols, protocatechuic acid and quercetin, which are strong antioxidants. The cocrystals of quercetin have been synthesized, aiming to modify its poor water solubility and bioavailability which limits its usage. On the other hand, cocrystals of water soluble protocatechuic acid are also prepared to establish its use as a cocrystal former. Seven novel cocrystals of protocatechuic acid and two novel cocrystals of quercetin are obtained and are characterized by FTIR, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), PXRD (Powder X-Ray Diffraction), single crystal x-ray diffraction and TGA (Thermo Gravimetric Analysis). The new crystal forms have also been studied via dissolution. Dissolution studies show alteration in solubility of a target molecule by its cocrystal irrespective of solubility of the cocrystal former. Overall, the study helps in understanding the role of crystal engineering and its utility.
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Cornish, Kelly Marie. "Dietary flavonoid quercetin in relation to cataract". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247104.
Testo completo
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Hoque, Rukshana. "The effects of quercetin on iron metabolism". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effects-of-quercetin-on-iron-metabolism(c3f5d9ca-eeaf-4fa7-9878-5b04552e6367).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Polyphenols are known to be major inhibitors of dietary non-haem iron bioavailability, mainly through their action as iron chelators. In this present study Caco-2 cells were used to investigate the influence of quercetin, the most abundant flavonol in the diet, on non-haem iron bioavailability using 55Fe, and the gene expression of intestinal iron transporters as measured via qPCR. Chronic exposure to quercetin (24 hours) had no significant effect on iron uptake but iron efflux was significantly decreased. Consistent with this, qPCR analysis revealed a significant decrease in basolateral transport genes ferroportin (FPN) and hephaestin expression suggesting polyphenols may have direct gene regulatory effects. Exploring the cellular mechanisms underlying quercetin-induced FPN down-regulation, transfection of 5’FPN promoter constructs showed quercetin did not affect activity but did decrease FPN1A mRNA whilst increasing FPN1B expression; this suggests that although FPN1B is specific to intestinal epithelial cells, FPN1A remains the major isoform. FPN 3’UTR miRNA array analysis identified candidate hsa-miR-17-3p to be significantly activated by quercetin (1.5 fold) and qPCR validation confirmed up-regulation of 101 ± 25.1 -fold (p<0.01). This represents a novel mechanism of quercetin-induced miRNA-mediated regulation of FPN. In HepG2 cells quercetin stimulated hepcidin expression and inhibited ferroportin gene expression; this may provide an additional means of regulating systemic iron levels. Quercetin was shown to be both pro- and anti- proliferative/apoptotic dependent on the concentration used which may have beneficial consequences for liver pathology of iron-overload diseases. In contrast to findings in Caco-2 cells, in Thp1 macrophages quercetin caused a significant dose-dependent increase in FPN expression. Furthermore, quercetin induced both FPN1A and 1B promoter activities. This strongly implies that quercetin acts at the level of the FPN promoter to increase FPN expression - an effect specific to macrophages only. This demonstrates that quercetin has cell-specific effects and its actions on FPN are differentially regulated dependent on cell/tissue type. The results show that quercetin can have multiple effects on iron homeostasis. Given its relatively long half-life in the circulation, repeated dietary intake of quercetin could lead to plasma accumulation in vivo. This may have important consequences for conditions that are low in iron such as anaemia; alternatively it has therapeutic potential for iron overload diseases such as haemochromatosis. By deducing the mechanisms of how dietary polyphenols interact with our intake of essential nutrients such as iron, intake can be optimised to harness the potential benefits polyphenols have to offer.
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Shi, Yuanlu. "Effects of quercetin on uric acid metabolism". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9693/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background and Objective: High blood uric acid (hyperuricemia) is a common phenomenon in populations with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity and/or dyslipidemia. This study was to investigate the effects of quercetin supplementation on blood uric acid level and the biochemical mechanism behind it. Methods: A pilot trial confirmed the delivery of quercetin from a supplement tablet in healthy males (n=6). Randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled 4-week dietary intervention trial with the same supplement tablet containing 500 mg quercetin d-1 was conducted in selected healthy males (n=22, with higher blood uric acid but within normal range). Changes of uric acid and glucose were analysed in fasting blood plasma at 0, 2 and 4 weeks. Plasma metabolomics were profiled by 1H-NMR. Where quercetin and its metabolites may affect in the pathway of uric acid metabolism was investigated in vitro and ex vivo. Results: At the end of the 4-week trial, plasma uric acid levels were significantly reduced (mean change -26.5 µM, 95% CI -7.6 to -45.5, P = 0.008, n=22), as were diastolic blood pressures in normotensive subjects (-3.1 mm Hg, -0.5 to -5.8, P = 0.048, n=10). Paired plasma 1H-NMR spectrum showed lowered glutamine (P = 0.008), acetoacetate (P = 0.005) and lactate (P = 0.03) after quercetin treatment. A dose-dependent inhibition of quercetin, quercetin-3'-O-sulfate and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid on xanthine oxidase in vitro and a mild inhibitory effect of quercetin on plasma adenosine deaminase was found. Conclusions: Quercetin supplementation can maintain blood uric acid level and blood pressure within a low-risk range. It is probably a result of regulated purine metabolism by quercetin, its microbial derivatives and their metabolites.
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Fasolo, Daniel. "Nanoemulsões contendo quercetina e 3-0-metilquercetina : estudos de formulação e permeação cutânea". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10872.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A atividade antiviral de compostos polifenólicos, especialmente flavonóides, tem sido extensivamente investigada. Neste contexto, diversos estudos têm como foco o efeito da quercetina (Q) e 3-O-metilquercetina (MQ) sobre o Vírus do Herpes Simplex (HSV) uma vez que eles são importantes patógenos humanos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de nanoemulsões de uso tópico contendo os flavonóides Q e MQ. Primeiro, nanoemulsões compostas de octildodecanol, lecitina de gema de ovo (NE), brometo de cetil trimetilamônio – CTAB – (NEC), água e Q ou MQ foram preparadas através do procedimento de emulsificação espontânea. O procedimento conduziu à obtenção de nanoemulsões monodispersas (IP<0,2) com um diâmetro médio de gotícula de aproximadamente 200-300 nm, confirmado por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A viscosidade e a tensão superficial permanecem similares para as formulações NE e NEC, de aproximadamente 2 cP e 29 mN/m, respectivamente. O potencial zeta foi influenciado principalmente pela presença do tensoativo CTAB, sendo negativo para NE (-29 to -27 mV) e positivo para NEC (76 to 79 mV). Em uma segunda etapa, foi validado um método isocrático para a quantificação da Q e MQ por CLAE com detecção por UV em 368 e 354 nm. O método foi linear, preciso, exato e específico para a determinação da Q e MQ nas formulações. A quantidade dos flavonóides associada com as nanoemulsões foi de 100% (para 1 mg/mL). A reduzida solubilidade de Q e MQ no núcleo oleoso sugere a participação da lecitina na sua associação com as nanoemulsões. Em uma última etapa, foi realizado o estudo de permeação cutânea da Q e MQ a partir das formulações utilizando pele de orelha suína em células de difusão de Franz. Independente da formulação, foi demonstrado que a permeação da Q ou MQ é reduzida. Entretanto, existe um aumento significativo do fluxo de permeação dos flavonóides a partir das nanoemulsões NEC (~0,2 μg/cm2/h) comparado com NE (~0,08 μg/cm2/h), demonstrando o efeito da carga de superfície positiva da formulação NEC sobre este parâmetro. Os resultados também indicam o acúmulo de Q ou MQ na pele (maior que 250 μg/g) para ambas as formulações. Em conclusão, o conjunto dos resultados obtidos demonstra o efeito da composição das nanoemulsões sobre propriedades físico-químicas e perfil de permeação cutânea de Q e MQ a partir das nanoemulsões.The antiviral activity of polyphenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, has been extensively investigated. In this context, several studies have been focused on the effect of quercetin (Q) and 3-O-methylquercetin (MQ) over Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) since they are important human pathogens. The objective of the present work was the development of topical nanoemulsions containing the flavonoids Q and MQ. First, nanoemulsions composed by octyldodecanol, egg lecithin (NE), cetyl trimetylamonium bromide – CTAB – (NEC), water and either Q or MQ were prepared by spontaneous emulsification procedure. The procedure yielded monodisperse nanoemulsions (IP<0.2) with a typical mean droplet size of approximately 200-300 nm, confirmed for transmission electron microscopy. The viscosity and surface tension remained quite similar for both NE and NEC, approximately 2cP and 29mN/m, respectively. The ζ-potential was mainly influenced by the presence of the cationic surfactant CTAB, being negative for NE (-29 to -27mV) and positive for NEC (76 to 79mV). In the second step, it has been validated an isocratic method to quantify Q or MQ by HPLC with UV detection at 368 and 354nm. The method was linear, precise, accurate and specific for the determination of Q and MQ in formulations. The amount of flavonoids associated with nanoemulsions was close to 100 % (to 1mg/mL). The low solubility of Q and MQ in the oil core suggests the role of lecithin on their association with nanoemulsions. In a last step, the permeation of Q or MQ from formulations using ear pigskin mounted in Franz diffusion cells was performed. Whatever the formulation, it was shown that Q or MQ permeation rate was low. However, there was a significant increase of the flavonoids flow rate from NEC (~0.2μg/cm2/h) compared to NE (~0.08μg/cm2/h), showing the effect of the positively charged surface of NEC on this parameter. The results also indicate the accumulation of Q or MQ in the skin (higher than 230μg/g) for both formulations. In conclusion, the overall results show the effect of the nanoemulsion components on both physico-chemical properties of the nanoemulsions and Q or MQ skin permeation profile.
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Lühring, Miriam. "Interaktionen zwischen Quercetin und Vitamin E in vivo - Untersuchungen am wachsenden Schwein". Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99369134X/04.
Testo completo
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Ameho, Clement Kojo. "The effect of quercetin as an antioxidant in vivo in rats /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2004.
Cerca il testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2004.Adviser: Jeffrey Blumberg. Submitted to the School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Hatahet, Taher. "Comparison of topical quercetin nanoformulations for skin protection". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT219/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les flavonoïdes sont des pigments d’origine naturelle conférant leurs couleurs aux fleurs et aux fruits, identifiés dans plus de quatre milles espèces. Les flavonoïdes sont classés selon leur structure chimique de base formée par deux cycles aromatiques reliés par trois carbones : C6-C3-C6, chaîne souvent fermée en un hétérocycle oxygéné hexa- ou pentagonal. Les flavonoïdes présentent des activités physiologiques qui leurs permettent d’être utilisés comme médicaments notamment pour leur pouvoir à piéger les radicaux libres. Les activités de flavonoïdes ont fait l’objet de nombreux articles de revue. Parmi les flavonoïdes, la quercétine est la molécule la plus distribuée dans la nature qui présente la meilleure activité anti radicalaire et aussi antiinflammatoire comparativement aux autres molécules de la même famille. En général, les flavonoïdes et la quercétine en particulier présentent une solubilité très limitée dans l’eau, cette limitation réduit leur absorption/pénétration et donc leur efficacité. En partant de l’idée que la peau est le l’organe le plus grand du corps humain et aussi l’organe le plus exposé au stress oxydant lié aux radiations UV et aux produits corrosifs et irritants, la quercétine est donc une molécule antioxydante de choix pour être appliquée sur la peau. Le premier objectif de thèse a été de développer plusieurs formulations nanométriques de quercétine afin d'augmenter sa solubilité dans l’eau et améliorer ses propriétés physico chimiques. Le deuxième objectif sera de comparer ces formulations en termes de capacité de chargement de quercétine, de toxicité vis à vis des cellules HaCaT (kératinocytes) THP-1 (monocytes) et Vero (épithéliale), et enfin le maintien de l’activité de la quercétine sur les cellules in vitro, pour mettre in fine en évidence une augmentation de la pénétration cutanée la quercétine in vivo.Dans ce projet, trois approches de formulations nanométriques (smartCrystals®, nanocapsules lipidiques et liposomes) ont été testées pour améliorer la solubilité de la quercétine. Les formulations sont optimisées en termes de procédé de préparation (transposition industrielle) et de composition des excipients pour augmenter la quantité de quercétine formulée. Les formulations ont été caractérisées sur plusieurs paramètres : taille, PDI, taux de chargement en quercétine, état cristallin et cinétique de libération de quercétine in vitro. Ensuite, les formulations ont été comparées entre elles sur les cellules HaCaT et THP-1 avec détermination de leur toxicité et activité protectrice. Enfin, deux formulations (quercétine smartCrystals® avec le TPGS et quercétine LNC 20) ont été sélectionnées et comparées in vivo pour évaluer l’amélioration de la pénétration cutanée de quercétine. Ce projet propose une solution pour formuler la quercétine d’une façon pertinente et efficace qui pourra être extrapolée au niveau industriel pour des applications cutanées de molécules peu solubles dont l'efficacité est limitée par leur faible pénétration cutanéeFlavonoids are plants pigments. Flavonoids can be observed by the naked eye as they form the amazing colors of flower petals. Flavonoids are classified on the basis of their chemical structure composed of two aromatic cycles connected by three carbons: C6-C3-C6, chains are closed in hexa- or pentagonal oxygenated heterocyclic ring. Flavonoids present interesting physiological activates that permit their usefulness as medicaments, especially for their free radical scavenging ability. Indeed, flavonoids activates were the object of numerous review articles.Among flavonoids, quercetin is the molecule the most distributed in nature that presents the strongest antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities in comparison to other molecules of this family. In general flavonoids and specially quercetin present poor water solubility, thus limiting their absorption/penetration and as a result their efficiency.Starting for the idea that the skin is the largest organ of the human body and the organ, which the most exposed to oxidative stress due to UV irradiation or other corrosive and irritating chemicals. Quercetin is a candidate for skin supplementation with exogenous antioxidant. The first objective of the thesis is to develop several formulations at the nanometric range for quercetin, in order to increase its water solubility and to enhance its physicochemical properties. The second objective is to compare these formulations in terms of quercetin loading capacity, cellular toxicity of quercetin and its formulations on HaCaT cells (keratinocytes), THP-1 cells (monocytes) and Vero cells (epithelial). Then, the protective activity of quercetin in vitro on cells to finally put in evidence the increase of quercetin in vivo skin penetration in formulations.In this project, three nanoformulations approaches (smartCrystals®, lipid nanocapsules and liposomes) were tested for the increase of quercetin water solubility. The formulations were optimized for scale up to industrial scale at the level of preparation method, also in the excipients compositions for higher affinity to quercetin. The formulations were characterized in terms of particle size, PDI, quercetin loading, crystallinity evaluation and quercetin in vitro release profile. Then, formulations were compared in interaction with HaCaT and THP-1 cells for their cellular toxicity and protective activity. Finally, two formulations (quercetin smartCrystals® with TPGS and quercetin lipid nanocapsules 20) were selected and compared for the enhancement of the in vivo skin penetration of quercetin.This project propose a solution for the successful formulation of quercetin enabling its efficient skin delivery. This project can be extrapolated to industrial level for quercetin and other poorly water soluble molecules that present limited efficiency due to their low skin penetration capacity
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Boots, Agnes Wilhelmina. "Health effects of quercetin: from mechanism to nutraceutical". Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2006. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5664.
Testo completo
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Ahn, Jinsoo. "Characterization of (+)-Catechin and Quercetin from Pawpaw Pulp". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1307045912.
Testo completo
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Didžiulytė, Aušra. "Kvercetino ir jo glikozidų poveikis žiurkės inkstų mitochondrijų kvėpavimui". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141014_132844-77738.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Eksperimentinėje dalyje buvo tiriamas kvercetino ir jo glikozidų (rutino, izokvercitrino, hiperozido) poveikis žiurkės inkstų mitochondrijų oksidacinio fosforilinimo sistemai. Tyrimams naudojome Wistar veislės žiurkes. Tyrimų pobūdis – in vitro. Kvercetinas ir jo glikozidai, t.y. rutinas, hiperozidas ir izokvercitrinas (3 - 48 nM), stimuliuoja žiurkės inkstų mitochondrijų kvėpavimo greitį antroje metabolinėje būsenoje (t.y. atskiria oksidacijos ir fosforilinimo procesus). Mitochondrijų kvėpavimo greitį trečioje metabolinėje būsenoje stimuliavo kvercetinas ir rutinas, kiti flavonoidai statistiškai reikšmingo poveikio neturėjo.In this research work we investigated the effect of quercetin and its glycosides (rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin) on rat kidney mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. In these studies we used Wistar rats. Eksperimental model – in vitro. Quercetin and its glycosides, i.e. rutin, hyperoside and isoquercitrin (3 - 48 nM) stimulated rat kidney mitochondrial respiration rate in the second metabolic state (uncoupled the mitochondrial respiration). Quercetin and rutin stimulates mitochondrial State 3 respiration rate, other tested compounds had no effect.
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Maso, Victor 1984. "Investigação dos efeitos biológicos e farmacológicos da quercetina em células de pacientes com mielodisplasia e leucemia mieloide aguda". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313062.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Sara Teresinha Olalla SaadTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T00:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maso_Victor_D.pdf: 2835269 bytes, checksum: f3165794df6b39b4fa01215914687cc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Síndromes mielodisplásicas (SMD) abrangem um espectro de doenças hematológicas caracterizadas por hematopoese ineficaz e risco de evolução para leucemia mielóide aguda (LMA). As leucemias agudas apresentam altas taxas de mortalidade devido, principalmente, à sua capacidade de resistir a diversos tipos de quimioterápicos, sendo necessário buscar novos compostos capazes de interferirem no crescimento tumoral. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar os efeitos da quercetina in vitro e in vivo, na linhagem celular P39/Tsugane, a qual foi estabelecida a partir de células leucêmicas do sangue periférico de paciente que possuía síndrome mielodisplásica, como modelo. O desenho experimental compreendeu o tratamento in vitro e in vivo com quercetina das células leucêmicas, verificando-se vias de apoptose, ciclo celular e autofagia. O modelo xenográfico de tumor de células leucêmicas subcutâneo foi utilzado para os ensaios in vivo. A quercetina induziu pronunciada apoptose das células leucêmicas P39, seguida por supressão da expressão de BcL-2, BclxL, Mcl-1, aumento da expressão de Bax e modulação do potencial de membrana mitocondrial com liberação de citocromo c e ativação de caspases. O tratamento com quercetina resultou em retenção das células na fase G1 do ciclo celular, com pronunciada diminuição das proteínas CDK2, CDK6, ciclina D, ciclina E e ciclina A, diminuição na fosforilação de Rb e aumento na expressão de p21 e p27. Quercetina induziu a formação do autofagossomo nas células P39, com ativação de PI3K classe III, Beclina 1, Atg5-Atg12, Atg7, conversão de LC3-I em LC3-II e desfosforilação de Akt e mTOR. A inibição da autofagia induzida por cloroquina juntamente com quercetina viii desencadeou aumento na apoptose, mas não alterou a modulação da fase G1 do ciclo celular induzida por quercetina. As células P39 tratadas com a combinação de quercetina e inibidores seletivos de ERK1/2 e/ou JNK (PD184352 e SP600125, respectivamente) apresentaram diminuição na retenção em fase G1 do ciclo, Este tratamento combinado, entretanto, não alterou a percentagem de células apoptóticas. Além disso, administração in vivo de quercetina reduziu significativamente o volume tumoral em camundongos inoculados com células P39 e confimar os resultados in vitro relacionados com apoptose, autofagia e ciclo celular. Assim, quercetina demonstra uma potente atividade antileucêmica através de sinalizações que causam parada do ciclo celular, apoptose e indução da autofagia. Esta última, por sua vez, parece proteger as células do alto grau de apoptose
Abstract: This study proposes to investigate quercetin antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo, using P39 cell line as a model. The experimental design comprised leukemic cells or xenografts of P39 cells, treated in vitro or in vivo, respectively, with quercetin; apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy activation were then evaluated. Quercetin caused pronounced apoptosis in P39 leukemia cells, followed by Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 downregulation, Bax upregulation and mitochondrial translocation, triggering cytochrome c release and caspases activation. Quercetin also induced the expression of FasL protein. Furthermore, our results demonstrated an antioxidant activity of quercetin. Quercetin treatment resulted in an increased cell-arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle, with pronounced decrease in CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D, cyclin E and cyclin A proteins, decreased Rb phosphorylation and increased p21 and p27 expression. Quercetin induced autophagosome formation in P39 cell line, with upregulation of PI3K class III proteins, Beclin-1, Atg5-Atg12, Atg7, conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, and dephosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. Autophagy inhibition induced by quercetin with chloroquine triggered apoptosis but did not alter quercetin modulation in the G1 phase. P39 cell treatment with a combination of quercetin and selective inhibitors of ERK1/2 and/or JNK (PD184352 or SP600125 respectively), significantly decreased cells in G1 phase, this treatment however did not change the apoptotic cell number. Furthermore, in vivo administration of quercetin significantly reduced tumor volume in P39 xenografts and confirmed in vitro results regarding apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle arrest
Doutorado
Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento
Doutor em Fisiopatologia Medica
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Barcelos, Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron. "Avaliação das propriedades antigenotóxicas e antioxidantes do flavonóide quercetina e dos carotenóides bixina e norbixina contra os danos no material genético e distúrbios do estado redox causados pelo cloreto de mercúrio e metilmercúrio, in vitro e in vivo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60134/tde-26012011-092311/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O mercúrio (Hg) é um dos metais mais tóxicos presente no meio ambiente e o principal mecanismo relacionado à sua toxicidade é a indução do estresse oxidativo; sua forma orgânica, metilmercúrio (MeHg) é a que apresenta maior toxicidade. A exposição ao Hg ocorre principalmente através da inalação por trabalhadores ocupacionalmente expostos em diversas indústrias e/ou através do consumo de peixes e outros alimentos aquáticos contendo este metal, como por exemplo, populações amazônicas que estão expostas ao MeHg, via dieta, através do consumo de peixes contaminados. Por outro lado, é pressuposto que alimentos ricos em antioxidantes possam prevenir os efeitos adversos à saúde causados pela exposição ao Hg. O flavonóide quercetina (QC) é o principal polifenol da dieta humana, encontrado principalmente em cebola e frutas cítricas e os carotenóides bixina (BIX) e norbixina (NOR) estão presentes em grandes quantidades no urucum, o qual é amplamente utilizado como condimento no Brasil. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os possíveis efeitos protetores do flavonóide QC e dos carotenóides BIX e NOR contra os diversos efeitos adversos causados pelo cloreto de mercúrio (HgCl2) e MeHg, em modelos experimentais in vitro e in vivo. Para tal, culturas de células de hepatoma humano (HepG2) e ratos machos Wistar foram expostos a diversas concentrações do metal, dos fitoquímicos bem como à suas associações. Determinações das concentrações de glutationa, malondialdeído, proteínas carboniladas, atividades das enzimas antioxidantes catalase e glutationa-peroxidase os quais refletem o estado redox das células e monitoramento do dano no material genético pelo uso do ensaio do cometa e determinações dos níveis de 8-hidroxi-2-deoxiguanosina foram realizados no presente estudo. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o Hg causa claros efeitos genotóxicos e leva a uma serie de alterações de parâmetros bioquímicos relacionados ao estado redox das células, in vitro e in vivo. Além disso, foi evidenciado que fitoquímicos, os quais são comumente encontrados na dieta de seres humanos, denominados QC, BIX e NOR protegem contra a instabilidade genética causada pelo metal e restabelece os distúrbios do estado redox das células causados pela exposição ao Hg.Mercury (Hg) is one of the most hazardous metals in the environment and the major process responsible for its toxicity is oxidative damage; its organic form methylmercury (MeHg) presents the highest toxicity. The main way of exposition to Hg is through inhalation by workers occupationally exposed in several industries and/or through consumption of fishes and other aquatic food with the metal, as Amazonian populations which are exposed to MeHg, via diet, by consumption of contaminated fishes. On the other hand, it is conceivable that antioxidants may play a protective role in the prevention of adverse effects of Hg. The flavonoid quercetin (QC) is the most abundant polyphenol of the human diet, found mainly in onions and citric fuits and the carotenoids bixin (BIX) and norbixin (NOR) are present in high concentrations in annatto, which is widely used as flavoring in Brazil. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the possible protective effects of the flavonoid QC and of the carotenoids BIX and NOR against the adverse effects caused by mercury chloride (HgCl2) and MeHg, in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. For this, human hepatoma cells (HepG2) cultures and male rats Wistar were exposed to several concentrations of the metal, of the phytochemicals as well as their associations. Determination of concentrations of glutathione, malondialdehyde, carbonil proteins, activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione-peroxidase, which reflect the redox status of the cells and monitoring of DNA-damage by use of comet assay and measurements of 8-hydroxi-2-deoxyguanosine levels were carried out in the present study. The results indicate that Hg cause clear genotoxic effects and lead to several alterations of biochemical parameters related to redox status of the cells, in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, it was observed that pythochemicals commonly found in the human diet, namely QC, BIX and NOR counteract the genetic instability induced by the metal and restore the disturbances of redox status of the cells caused by Hg exposition.
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Dias, Alexandre Simões. "O antioxidante quercetina diminui o estresse oxidativo hepático em ratos diabéticos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8174.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introdução: O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença que apresenta elevada incidência e prevalência na população em diversas partes do mundo, e, estudos experimentais e clínicos, sugerem que o estresse oxidativo esteja envolvido na patogênese e na progressão da mesma. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos do antioxidante quercetina administrado intraperitonealmente sobre o estresse oxidativo, a ativação do fator de transcrição nuclear kappa B (NF-kB) e expressão da óxido nítrico sintase induzível (iNOS) hepática no modelo experimental de DM tipo I. Material e métodos: Foram utilizados 32 ratos machos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos de oito animais: controle, controle que receberam a quercetina, diabéticos não tratados e diabéticos tratados com quercetina. A dose utilizada da quercetina foi de 50 mg/Kg de peso corporal diariamente. O DM foi induzido por única injeção intraperitoneal de estreptozotocina (70 mg/kg). Após oito semanas (60 dias), foi avaliado os marcadores do estresse oxidativo hepático através das substâncias que reagem ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), e a quimiluminescência (QL). A atividade hepática das enzimas antioxidantes catalase (CAT), superóxido dismutase (SOD) e glutationa peroxidase (GPx), bem como a ativação do NF-kB pelo método (Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay – EMSA) foram mensurados. Também foram avaliados a expressão das quinases dos inibidores do NF-kB (IKK-a e IKK-b), bem como os inibidores (IkB-a e IkB-b) e a iNOS hepática pela técnica do Wersten blot. Resultados: A concentração da glicose sangüínea aumentou significativamente nos animais diabéticos e não diminuiu após a administração da quercetina. No tecido hepático dos animais diabéticos aumentou o TBARS, a QL, a atividade da SOD e da CAT, e no grupo diabético que recebeu a quercetina os valores diminuíram. O DM aumentou a ativação do NF-kB, os níveis do IKK-a e da iNOS, e diminuiu o IkB-a. Todos os valores foram atenuados quando administrado a quercetina, somente a atividade da GPx, do IKK-b e IkB-b não apresentou diferença entre os grupos estudados. Conclusão: A quercetina inibiu o estresse oxidativo hepático, a ativação do NF-kB e a expressão da iNOS. O tratamento com o antioxidante quercetina parece inibir as vias sinalizadoras de transdução, podendo interferir na produção dos mediadores nóxios envolvidos no modelo experimental de DM.Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an disease that presents high incidence and prevalence in the population in diverse parts of the world, and, experimental studies and clinical, suggest that oxidative stress is involved in pathogenesis and progression of the same. Objective: This study it has as objective to investigate the effect of quercetin treatment on oxidative stress, the activation of the factor of nuclear transcription kappa B (NF-kB) and hepatic expression of inducible nitric oxide sintase (iNOS) in the experimental model of DM type I. Material and methods: Male rats Wistar had been used, divided in four groups with eight animals: control, control that had received quercetin, diabetic not treated and diabetic treated with quercetin. The used dose of quercetin was of 50 mg/Kg of corporal weight intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily. The DM was induced for i.p. injection of estreptozotocin (70 mg/kg). After eight weeks (60 days), it was evaluated the markers of oxidative stress hepatic through the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the chemiluminiscence (QL). The hepatic activity of antioxidants enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as the activation of the NF-kB for the method (Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay - EMSA) had been measured. Also they had been evaluated the expression of quinases of inhibitors of the NF-kB (IKK-a and IKK-b), as well as inhibitors (IkB-a and IkB-b) and iNOS for the Western blot. Results: Blood glucose concentration increased significantly in the diabetic animals and did not decreased after administration of quercetin. In hepatic tissue of diabetic animals increased the TBARS, the QL, the activity of the SOD and the CAT, and in the diabetic group that received the quercetin the values had diminished. The DM increased the activation of the NF-kB, the levels of the IKK-a and iNOS, and decreased the IkB-a. All the values had been attenuated when used the quercetin, only the activity of the GPx, the IKK-b and IkB-b did not present difference between the studied groups. Conclusion: The quercetin inhibited the hepatic oxidative stress, the activation of NF- kB and the expression of the iNOS. The treatment with the antioxidant quercetin seems to inhibit the signal transduction pathway, may block the production of noxios mediators involved in the experimental model of DM.
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Attia, Enas. "Interactions of Quercetin-Uranium Complexes with Biomembranes and DNA". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-150031.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Uranium decontamination gains a great importance with the spread of nuclear waste in both soil and water systems across the planet. All known remediation methods of uranium can be exclusively based either on synthetic materials with high adsorbent power and known physical chemistry or life organisms by which the uranium eventually accumulated inside their tissues. In the present thesis, it was attempted to design a rational approach for uranyl removal primarily from waters using the reducing potential of quercetin, which is a plant-derived small organic molecules, along with its photochemical activities. Such approach, which is neither a fully synthetic nor an organism-based approach, was chosen here to avoid disadvantages with both traditional strategies. Here, complexation experiments were designed to assess the use of uranyl-quercetin complexes for the photoreduction of water-soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) by comparing absorption properties of uranyl-quercetin complexes in acetone, water, and hydrophobic bilayer lipid vesicles.
The UV-vis data show that uranyl quercetin complex can form in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments. In both cases the B-ring band in quercetin structure becomes reduced, red shifted and a pronounced absorption arises in the 400-500 nm range. Such data suggests that U(VI) binds at the 3-OH and 4-carbonyl of ring C of quercetin.
Interestingly, the results of UV-Vis spectroscopy part hint at a crucial role of a stable or transiently ionized hydroxyl for the efficient uranyl-dependent photodegradation of quercetin. FTIR spectroscopy absorption changes further demonstrates that the UV-vis-spectroscopic changes are indeed accompanied by changes in the chemical structure of the complex as expected for a uranyl-dependent photodegradation. IR data thus suggest that U(VI) becomes reduced by the photoreaction, rather than merely changing its coordination shell. The frequency shifts in the C=C and C=O absorption range on the other hand are consistent with changes in force constants rather than bond breakage. Upon illumination condition, uranyl quercetin complex in water forms a dark precipitate. Uranyl precipitation and the disappearance of U(VI) IR absorption bands upon illumination further demonstrate that uranyl acts as a redox partner rather than a catalyst in the photoreaction of quercetin.
The formation of uranyl-quercetin complexes in the presence of lipidic phases has been addressed experimentally. The complex is partitioned into the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface of liposomes. Its electronic absorption properties are influenced by the degree of hydrophobicity provided by the adjacent lipid headgroups. The preference of quercetin to associate with hydrophobic microenvironments can thus be exploited to transfer uranyl to the lipid water biomolecular interface. Illumination of the uranyl-quercetin complex in the presence of different liposomes has been performed in this study for the first time, to the best of my knowledge. The data provide evidence that again uranyl is a redox partner for the photodegradation of quercetin also in this microenvironment. Uranyl in an oxidation state smaller than VI is unsoluble in water.
Therefore, its quercetin-mediated photoreduaction of uranium provides a method to transfer soluble uranium to the liposome and stabilize the reduced photoproduct. Thereby, uranyl could be removed from solution in an insoluble form using cheap natural compounds.
The binding site assignment of uranyl-quercetin complex in acetone have been verified here using NMR spectra and DFT theory. NMR Spectra showed that the observations of broadened and narrow bands in the NMR spectra of quercetin, upon complexation with uranyl, support an intramolecular exchange or site exchange within the quercetin molecule. Moreover, the complexation takes place around the carbonyl group with U(VI) exhibiting two possibly coordination modes, involving the carbonyl and the adjacent O(H) groups. This has been also confirmed from the DFT calculations.
Finally, interaction experiments of uranyl-quercetin complex with DNA have been performed to assess an alternative uranyl-trapping and photoreduction system. The data show that consecutive addition of quercetin and uranyl destabilizes DNA. However, a preformed uranyl quercetin complex has very little effect on DNA structure. On the other hand, quercetin and uranyl appear to bind to DNA as a preformed complex in the loop portion of hairpin DNA. Therefore, also HP DNA is expected to be a suitable but less effective trapping system for the uranyl quercetin complex and its potential photoproducts.
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Thangasamy, Thilakavathy, Sivanandane Sittadjody, Geoffrey Mitchell, Erin Mendoza, Vijayababu Radhakrishnan, Kirsten Limesand e Randy Burd. "Quercetin abrogates chemoresistance in melanoma cells by modulating DeltaNp73". BioMed Central, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610343.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND:The alkylating agent Dacarbazine (DTIC) has been used in the treatment of melanoma for decades, but when used as a monotherapy for cancer only moderate response rates are achieved. Recently, the clinical use of Temozolomide (TMZ) has become the more commonly used analog of DTIC-related oral agents because of its greater bioavailability and ability to cross the blood brain barrier. The response rates achieved by TMZ are also unsatisfactory, so there is great interest in identifying compounds that could be used in combination therapy. We have previously demonstrated that the bioflavonoid quercetin (Qct) promoted a p53-mediated response and sensitized melanoma to DTIC. Here we demonstrate that Qct also sensitizes cells to TMZ and propose a mechanism that involves the modulation of a truncated p53 family member, DeltaNp73.METHODS:DB-1 melanoma (p53 wildtype), and SK Mel 28 (p53 mutant) cell lines were treated with TMZ (400 muM) for 48 hrs followed by Qct (75 muM) for 24 hrs. Cell death was determined by Annexin V-FITC staining and immunocytochemical analysis was carried out to determine protein translocation.RESULTS:After treatment with TMZ, DB-1 cells demonstrated increased phosphorylation of Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and p53. However, the cells were resistant to TMZ-induced apoptosis and the resistance was associated with an increase in nuclear localization of DeltaNp73. Qct treatment in combination with TMZ abolished drug insensitivity and caused a more than additive induction of apoptosis compared to either treatment alone. Treatment with Qct, caused redistribution of DeltaNp73 into the cytoplasm and nucleus, which has been associated with increased p53 transcriptional activity. Knockdown of DeltaNp73 restored PARP cleavage in the TMZ treated cells, confirming its anti-apoptotic role. The response to treatment was predominantly p53 mediated as the p53 mutant SK Mel 28 cells showed no significant enhancement of apoptosis.CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that Qct can sensitize cells to TMZ and that the mechanisms of sensitization involve modulation of p53 family members.
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Carvalho, Karine Maria Martins Bezerra. "Effect of the quercetin induced pancreatitis cerulein in mice". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10495.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorQuercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid widely known by its anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory properties. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality and a complex pathophysiology, with variable involvement of regional tissues or organ systems. Despite of extensive investigations into this disease entity, to date there exists no specific medical treatment for AP. In this study, quercetin was investigated for its effect on the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Male Swiss mice were treated with quercetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.), vehicle (2% DMSO in distilled water, 10 ml/kg) or thalidomide (200 mg/kg, p.o.), 1 h before administration of cerulein (5 x 50 μg/kg, 1 h apart). A group treated with saline (0.9% NaCl) was also included. The effects of treatments on pancreatic edema, serum amylase and lipase enzymes and cytokines (TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 and IL-10), myeloperoxidase activity (pancreas and lung), pancreatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), non-protein-sulfidryl groups (NP-SH), histopathology of pancreas and lung and immunostaining for TNF- expression in pancreas were analysed. Cerulein significantly increased pancreatic edema and serum levels of amylase, lipase, TNF-, IL-6 and IL-1 and decreased IL-10 levels. Histopathologic evaluation revealed the presence of edema, neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, acinar vacuolization and necrosis of the pancreas and lung hemorrhage. Besides, we observed a marked increase in the expression of TNF- in immunohistochemical analysis. The pre-treatment with quercetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) or thalidomide (200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly attenuated the severity of acute pancreatitis induced by cerulein, as evidenced by significant reductions in pancreatic serum enzymes lipase and amylase and the pancreatic inflammation, evidenced by suppression of neutrophil infiltration, TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6 cytokine production and the TNF-a expression. Further, it enhanced the IL-10 cytokine production and demonstrated an antioxidant action through a decrease in the levels of TBARS and restoration of pancreatic NP-SH. Quercetin could also attenuate the systemic repercussion in the lung evidenced by suppression of neutrophil infiltration (MPO) and decrease of lung hemorrhage (histology). In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence to show that quercetin attenuates the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis through the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
A quercetina à um flavonÃide derivado de plantas amplamente conhecido por suas propriedades antiinflamatÃrias e antioxidantes. A pancreatite aguda (PA) à uma doenÃa com alta morbi/mortalidade e fisiopatologia complexa, com envolvimento variÃvel de tecidos locais ou ÃrgÃos sistÃmicos. Apesar das amplas investigaÃÃes, atà o momento, nÃo existe nenhum tratamento mÃdico especÃfico para PA. Neste estudo, foram investigados os efeitos da quercetina sobre a gravidade da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna em camundongos. Camundongos Swiss machos foram tratados com quercetina (25, 50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.) ou veÃculo (2% DMSO em Ãgua destilada, 10ml/kg) ou talidomida (200mg/kg, v.o.) 1 h antes da administraÃÃo de ceruleÃna (5 x 50 μg/kg, com intervalo de 1 h entre as doses). Foi incluÃdo no estudo um grupo de animais tratados com salina (0.9%). NÃs analisamos o edema pancreÃtico, os nÃveis sÃricos de amilase, lipase e citocinas (TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 e IL-10), mieloperoxidase (MPO) pancreÃtica e pulmonar, substÃncias reativas ao Ãcido tiobarbitÃrico (TBARS), grupos sulfidrÃlicos nÃo-proteicos (NP-SH), avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica do pÃncreas e pulmÃo e imunohistoquÃmica pancreÃtica (TNF-). CeruleÃna aumentou significativamente o edema pancreÃtico e os nÃveis sÃricos de amilase, lipase, TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 e dimiuiu os nÃveis de IL-10. A avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica revelou edema, infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos, hemorragia, vacuolizaÃÃo e necrose acinar no pÃncreas, alÃm de hemorragia pulmonar. NÃs tambÃm observamos um marcado aumento na expressÃo de TNF- na avaliaÃÃo imunohistoquÃmica. O prÃ-tratamento com quercetina (25, 50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.) ou talidomida (200mg/kg, v.o.) atenuou significativamente a gravidade da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna, o que foi evidenciado pela reduÃÃo dos nÃveis sÃricos das enzimas amilase e lipase, reduÃÃo da inflamaÃÃo pancreÃtica atravÃs da supressÃo da infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos e dos nÃveis sÃricos das citocinas TNF-a, IL-1b e IL-6, expressÃo de TNF-a. AlÃm disso, aumentou a produÃÃo de nÃveis da citocina IL-10 e demonstrou uma aÃÃo atioxidante atravÃs da diminuiÃÃo nos nÃveis de TBARS e restauraÃÃo de NP-SH pancreÃticos. Quercetina tambÃm atenuou a repercussÃo sistÃmica nos pulmÃes evidenciada atravÃs da supressÃo da infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos (MPO) e diminuiÃÃo da hemorragia pulmonar demonstrada na avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica. Em conclusÃo, o estudo fornece a primeira evidÃncia de que a quercetina atenua o desenvolvimento da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna em camundongos, atravÃs de mecanismos antiinflamatÃrios e antioxidantes.
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Otesanya, Olamide. "Influence of quercetin on asthma course in obese patients". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32770.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The results suggest that standard treatment in obese asthma patients lead to asthma-control in insignificant quantity of patients. Complex treatment with quercetin makes it possible to achieve asthma-control and maintain it in the majority of patients.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32770
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COSTA, Eula Maria de Melo Barcelos. "Metabolização da quercetina e produção de quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase por Beauverias bassianas isoladas da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1554.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-25Considering the vast biotechnological applicability described for Beauveria bassiana, the versatility microbial biotransformation exhibits, the important biological activities attributed to the flavonoid quercetin, the therapeutic perspectives of its use, and the activity the enzyme quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase has on quercetin, we intended to evaluate quercetin biotransformation by B. bassiana ATCC 7159 and isolates of B. bassiana collected in the Midwestern Region of Brazil. The objectives of this study were: evaluate the potential of B. bassiana isolates and B. bassiana ATCC 7159 to produce metabolites of quercetin; investigate quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase production by the isolates and B. bassiana ATCC 7159; determine the genetic variability among the isolates of B. bassiana and establish possible correlations between molecular data and quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase production. All isolates and B. bassiana ATCC 7159 were capable of metabolizing quercetin and form compounds described in mammalian quercetin biotransformation studies and isolate IP 94 produced a higher number of metabolites compared with the others. B. bassiana ATCC 7159 and isolates IP 94, IP 98, IP 129, IP 147 produced methylated metabolites, while isolates IP 8, IP 11, and IP 94 produced glucuronidated metabolites. All the isolates produced sulphated metabolites and methylated and glucuronidated metabolites simultaneously and were capable to synthesize quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase. Quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase synthesis on PDSM, used in its biotransformation process was higher than on basic medium. B. bassiana ATCC 7159 and the isolates IP 11 and IP 132 presented the highest quercetin 2,3-dioxigenase activity, whereas the isolates IP 153 and IP 3a presented the lowest ones. Quercetin metabolites formation and quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase production were not correlated with the geographic origin of the isolates. Genetic variability analysis by RAPD allowed the separation of the isolates into three distinct groups and showed high genetic diversity among them; however, the RFLP-PCR of ITS region did not provide characteristic markers to differentiate the isolates. The ITS region sequencing confirmed the identity of the isolates as B. bassiana. The results obtained can lead to the following conclusions: B. bassiana constitutes an interesting alternative to the use of chemical methods and biological systems to produce quercetin metabolites, but is necessary to optimize the biotransformation process in order to obtain a more expressive amount of metabolites; B. bassiana is able to produce quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase, although more detailed studies are needed to explain its production pathway, regulation, and mechanism of action.
Considerando-se a vasta aplicabilidade biotecnológica descrita para Beauveria bassiana, a versatilidade que a biotransformação microbiana apresenta, as importantes atividades biológicas atribuídas ao flavonóide quercetina, as perspectivas quanto ao seu uso terapêutico e ainda a atividade da enzima quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase sobre a quercetina, pretendeu-se avaliar a metabolização da quercetina pela cepa B. bassiana ATCC 7159 e por isolados de B. bassiana obtidos na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os objetivos específicos do presente estudo foram: avaliar o potencial da cepa B. bassiana ATCC 7159 e dos isolados em produzir metabólitos da quercetina; investigar a produção de quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase pela cepa B. bassiana ATCC 7159 e pelos isolados; determinar a variabilidade genética entre os isolados de B. bassiana e estabelecer possíveis correlações entre dados moleculares e produção de quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase. Todos os isolados e a cepa B. bassiana ATCC 7159 foram capazes de metabolizar a quercetina formando compostos descritos nos estudos da metabolização deste flavonóide em mamíferos e o isolado IP 94 produziu um número maior de compostos quando comparado aos demais. B. bassiana ATCC 7159 e os isolados IP 94, IP 98, IP 129, IP 147 geraram metabólitos metilados, enquanto os isolados IP 8, IP 11 e IP 94 geraram metabólitos monoglicuronados. Todos os isolados estudados geraram metabólitos sulfatados e metabólitos metilados e glicuronados simultaneamente e foram capazes de sintetizar a enzima quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase. A síntese de quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase no meio de cultivo PDSM, utilizado para a biotransformação microbiana da quercetina, foi superior à obtida em meio mínimo. B. bassiana ATCC 7159 e os isolados IP 11 e IP 132 apresentaram maior atividade da quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase, enquanto os isolados IP 153 e IP 3a apresentaram as mais baixas. A formação dos metabólitos da quercetina e a produção de quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase não se relacionaram com a origem geográfica dos isolados. A análise da variabilidade genética por meio de RAPD permitiu dividir os isolados em três grupos distintos e mostrou elevada diversidade genética entre eles; porém, a análise por meio de RFLP-PCR da região ITS não permitiu diferenciar os isolados. A análise da sequência da região ITS confirmou a identidade dos fungos como B. bassiana. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que: a biotransformação microbiana da quercetina por meio do fungo B. bassiana constitui alternativa ao uso de métodos químicos e sistemas biológicos para a produção de metabólitos da quercetina, sendo necessário otimizar o processo de biotransformação para a obtenção de quantidades expressivas dos metabólitos; B. bassiana é capaz de produzir a enzima extracelular quercetina 2,3-dioxigenase, sendo necessários estudos mais detalhados para elucidar sua via de produção, regulação e mecanismo de ação.
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Santos, Rosiane Freire dos. "Atividade do flavonóide quercetina em Leishmania braziliensis usando hamster como modelo de infecção". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6106.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorAs leishmanioses estão entre as mais importantes endemias brasileiras e encontram-se entre as doenças mais negligenciadas no mundo. O arsenal terapêutico disponível é restrito, tóxico, caro e em algumas situações ineficazes, devido ao surgimento de cepas resistentes do parasito. No Brasil são registrados anualmente mais de 20 mil casos de leishmaniose tegumentar e a Leishmania braziliensis é a principal espécie causadora das formas clínicas cutânea e mucosa. Estudos prévios mostraram que o flavonóide quercetina tem ação terapêutica pela via oral em camundongos infectados com L. amazonensis. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade do flavonóide quercetina sobre Leishmania braziliensis in vitro e in vivo usando hamsters como modelo experimental. O efeito antiparasitário da quercetina foi avaliado sobre o crescimento in vitro das formas promastigotas e sobre amastigotas intracelulares em macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos e hamsters. O efeito da quercetina sobre macrófagos foi avaliado pela dosagem de óxido nítrico pelo método de Griess nos sobrenadantes das culturas e espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) intracelular através do H2DCFDA. In vivo a atividade terapêutica da quercetina foi estudada em grupos de hamsters infectados com L.braziliensis na pata, tratados com quercetina pela via oral (2mg/ 5X / semana) após 7 dias de infecção durante oito semanas.A ação terapêutica foi analisada através do tamanho da lesão. A resposta imune foi avaliada durante o tratamento, pela resposta de hipersensibilidade tardia (DTH) ao antígeno total de L. braziliensis. A quercetina não apresentou atividade sobre o crescimento de promastigotas em cultura em nenhuma das concentrações testadas. Em amastigotas intracelulares quercetina apresentou ação dose dependente em macrófagos de camundongos e hamsters inibindo 45% e 54% e 25% e 48 %, respectivamente nas concentrações de 50 e 100g/ml após 48h de tratamento. O pré - tratamento dos macrófagos de camundongos e hamsters com quercetina foi capaz de inibir o crescimento de amastigotas intracelulares em 57, 58 e 74% e 49, 50, e 58% respectivamente, nas concentrações de 25, 50 e 100 g/ml, apresentado ação inibitória significativa em todas as concentrações testadas. Não houve alteração na produção de NO pelos macrófagos, entretanto macrófagos pré tratados com a quercetina por 24 horas antes da infecção apresentaram um aumento significativo na produção de EROs, quando comparados aos controles. Macrófagos tratados antes e depois da infecção, apresentaram diminuição da produção de EROs. In vivo, a quercetina foi capaz de controlar o tamanho das lesões a partir da terceira semana de tratamento em relação ao controle não tratado ( P< 0,05). Os animais tratados com quercetina apresentaram maior resposta intradérmica aos antígenos de L. braziliensis. Esses dados mostram que a quercetina tem atividade sobre L. braziliensis, inibindo amastigotas intracelulares in vitro e sendo capaz de controlar o tamanho das lesões em hamsters infectados quando administrada pela via oral.
Leishmaniasis are among the most important endemic diseases in Brazil and are among the most neglected diseases in the world. The therapeutic tools available is restricted, toxic, expensive and ineffective in some situations, due to the emergence of resistant strains of the parasite are reported annually in Brazil more than 20.000 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. a Leishmania braziliensis is the main species causing clinical forms of skin and mucosa. Previous studies demonstrated therapeutic effect of quercetin flavonoid by oral route in mice infected with L. amazonensis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of quercetina in Leishmania braziliensis in vitro and in vivo using hamsters as experimental model. The antiparasitic effect was evaluated in vitro on the growth of promastigotes and on intracellular amastigotes in mouse and hamsters peritoneal macrophages. The effect on the modulation of murine macrophage activation was assessed by measuring levels of nitric oxide(Griess reagent) and ROS by H2DCFDA. In vivo therapeutic activity of quercetin was studied in groups of hamsters infected with L.braziliensis in the paw, treated with oral routes by quercetin (2mg/ 5X / week) after 7 days of infection for eight weeks. The therapeutic action was analyzed using the size of the lesion. The immune response was evaluated during treatment by the response of delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) to the total antigen of L. braziliensis. Quercetin showed no activity in promastigotes forms in none of the concentration tested. The antiamastigote action is a dose dependent manner, in mice and hamsters macrophages treated for 48 hours inhibiting 45% e 54% and 25% e 48 %, respectively, at concentrations of 50 and 100 g/ml. No inibihition was observed at concentration of 25 g/ml. The pre- treatment of mice and hamsters macrophages inibihited 57, 58 e 74% e 49, 50, e 58%, respectively at the concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 g/ml the growth of intracellular amastigotes, showing inhibitory effects on all concentrations tested. No production of nitric oxide was observed in macrophages. Pre treated macrophages before infection, shows an increase of ROS, when compared to controls, while macrophages treated before and after infection showed an decrease of ROS production. In vivo, quercetin was able to control de size of lesion since the third week of of treatment, when compared to untreated controls (P< 0,05). These dates show quercetin activity on L. braziliensis, inhibiting amastigote growth in vitro and being able to control lesion size in infected hamster when administred by oral route.
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Cao, Huihui. "A mechanistic study on the anti-melanoma action of quercetin". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/165.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The incidence and mortality rate of melanoma have increased greatly worldwide in the last thirty years. There is currently no effective treatment for malignant melanoma. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is constantly activated in human melanoma, which promotes melanoma development and progression. c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the only known ligand of c-Met. Abnormal activation of HGF/c-Met has been implicated in melanoma metastasis. Both the STAT3 and HGF/c-Met signaling pathways are proposed as melanoma therapeutic targets. The dietary flavonoid quercetin is a bioactive compound that possesses low toxicity and exerts anti-melanoma activities. However, the anti-melanoma mechanisms of quercetin have not been fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the anti-melanoma activities of quercetin and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that quercetin treatments induced apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of the melanoma cells. Mechanistic study indicated that quercetin inhibited the activation of STAT3 signaling by interfering with the phosphorylation of STAT3, thus reduced its nuclear localization. Quercetin inhibited STAT3 transcriptional activity, and down-regulated the STAT3 targeted genes such as Mcl-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF, which are involved in cell survival, migration and invasion. More importantly, overexpression of constitutively active STAT3 partially reversed the anti-proliferative effect of quercetin, which might be correlated with the impaired effect on quercetin-mediated Mcl-1 and MMP-2 inhibition. Furthermore, quercetin suppressed A375 tumor growth and STAT3 activities in a xenografted mouse model, and inhibited murine B16F10 cells lung metastasis in mice. These findings suggest that inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway contributes to the anti-melanoma activities of quercetin. Next we studied the involvement of HGF/c-Met pathway in the anti-metastasis effect of quercetin. Quercetin treatment dose-dependently suppressed HGF-induced migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Further study showed that quercetin down-regulated the mRNA expression level of HGF and suppressed c-Met homo-dimerization. Quercetin also decreased c-Met protein expression, which was associated with reduced expression of fatty acid synthase. In addition, quercetin suppressed the phosphorylation of c-Met and its downstream molecules including Gab1, FAK, PAK and STAT3. Furthermore, overexpression of FAK or PAK significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of quercetin on the migration of melanoma cells. These findings suggest that suppression of HGF/c-Met signaling contributes to the anti-metastatic action of quercetin. Besides c-Met, many other RTKs are activated in melanoma. We then further determined whether quercetin could affect the activity of other RTKs. The phospho-RTK array assay showed that quercetin treatment inhibited the activation of ROR2, Tie2, RYK, ALK, c-Ret, DDR1, DDR2, EphB4, EphA1, EphA2, EphA4 and EphA5 in A2058 cells, and EphA7, RYK, ALK and DDR1 in A375 cells. Further investigations are warranted to verify the array results, and to determine the potential roles of these RTKs in quercetin-mediated anti-melanoma properties. Overall, our results demonstrate that quercetin exerts anti-melanoma activities. The anti-melanoma action of quercetin is, at least in part, due to the inhibition of the STAT3 and HGF/c-Met signaling pathways. Our findings provide further insights into the anti-melanoma activities of quercetin and the underlying molecular mechanisms, suggesting a potential role of quercetin in the prevention and treatment of melanoma.
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Prysyazhnyuk, V. P. "Сomplex treatment with quercetin inclusion in chronic nonviral hepatitis patients". Thesis, БДМУ, 2022. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19576.
Testo completo
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Atulayo, F. "Influence of quercetin on inflammatory mediators levels in asthma patients". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32799.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Complex treatment with quercetin makes it possible to improve results of anti-inflammatory standard treatment in obese asthma patients.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32799
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Guo, Yi. "EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND ORAL DELIVERY SYSTEMSON QUERCETIN BIOAVAILABILITY". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397058849.
Testo completo
36
Abdalla, Fátima Husein. "EFEITO DA QUERCETINA NA ATIVIDADE DE ECTOENZIMAS E DA ACETILCOLINESTERASE EM SINAPTOSSOMAS DO CÓRTEX CEREBRAL DE RATOS EXPOSTOS AO CÁDMIO". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11185.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals by their ability to affect the vital organs like liver, kidney, brain and other. This metal can trigger a framework of oxidative stress by increase of reactive oxygen species and also affect cholinergic and purinergic neurotransmission. Quercetin (Querc), a flavonoid found in various foods has several functions in the body as a therapeutic antioxidant and neuroprotective action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of ectoenzymes and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in synaptosomes of the cerebral cortex of adult rats exposed to cadmium chloride at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg and treated with Querc at doses of 5, 25 and 50mg/kg, both solutions were orally administered in a volume of 1 mL/kg for 45 days. Results showed that the hydrolysis of ATP, ADP, AMP and ADA activity in the synaptosome cerebral cortex in the Cd/ethanol group increased compared to the saline/ethanol group (p<0.05). The treatment with all doses of Querc prevented the increase in the hydrolysis of ATP, ADP, and AMP as well as the ADA activity (p<0.05). In vitro assay with Querc 25 and 50 μM showed a decrease in the activities of these enzymes except of ADA (p<0.05). The AChE activity ex vivo was not significantly different in the Cd/ethanol group when compared to the saline/ethanol group. The treatment with Querc 25 and 50 mg/kg significantly decreased the AChE activity when compared to the Cd/ethanol group (p<0.05). In vitro assay showed a decrease in the AChE activity only with 100 and 200 μM of Querc (p<0.05). These results suggest that Querc prevented the alterations caused by Cd in purinergic and cholinergic system. Thus, the results reported here suggest that Querc is a promising compound that can be clinically investigated in order to be used in alternative therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or brain diseases associated with poisoning by heavy metals.
O cádmio (Cd) é um dos metais pesados de maior toxicidade pela sua capacidade de afetar órgãos vitais como o fígado, os rins, o encéfalo entre outros. Este metal pode desencadear um quadro de estresse oxidativo pelo aumento de espécies reativas de oxigênio, e também afetar a neurotransmissão colinérgica e purinérgica. A quercetina (Querc), um flavonóide presente em vários alimentos exerce diversas funções terapêuticas no organismo como atividade antioxidante e ação neuroprotetora. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade de ectoenzimas e da acetilcolinesterase (AChE) em sinaptossomas do córtex cerebral de ratos adultos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio na dose de 2,5 mg/kg e tratados com Querc nas doses de 5, 25 e 50mg/kg, ambas por via oral e administradas no volume de 1 mL/kg por 45 dias. Os resultados demonstraram que a hidrólise de ATP, ADP, AMP e a atividade da ADA no sinaptossoma do córtex cerebral do grupo Cd/etanol aumentaram quando comparado com o grupo salina/etanol (p<0,05). O tratamento com todas as doses de Querc preveniu o aumento da hidrólise de ATP, ADP e AMP bem como a atividade da ADA (p<0,05). Ensaios in vitro com a Querc 25 e 50 μM demonstraram uma diminuição na atividade destas enzimas exceto na atividade da ADA (p<0,05). A atividade da AChE ex vivo não foi significativamente diferente no grupo Cd/etanol quando comparado com o grupo salina/etanol. O tratamento com Querc 25 e 50 mg/kg diminuiu significativamente a atividade da AChE quando comparado com o grupo Cd/etanol (p<0,05). Ensaios in vitro demonstraram uma diminuição na atividade da AChE somente com 100 e 200μM de Querc (p<0,05). Estes resultados sugerem que a Querc preveniu as alterações causadas pelo Cd no sistema purinérgico e colinérgico. Deste modo, os resultados descritos neste estudo sugerem que a Querc é um composto promissor que pode ser investigada clinicamente a fim de ser utilizado em terapias alternativas para o tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas ou doenças cerebrais associadas à intoxicação por metais pesados.
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Vicentini, Fabiana Testa Moura de Carvalho. "Efeito fotoquimioprotetor de quercetina incorporada em microemulsão contra os danos na pele causados pela radiação ultravioleta". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60137/tde-15042009-162535/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A exposição à radiação ultravioleta (RUV) pode provocar desequilíbrio no balanço oxidante/antioxidante da pele, causando prejuízos à sua integridade e levando a diversas alterações, entre as quais o envelhecimento precoce e o câncer de pele. Considerando a estreita relação entre o aumento do estresse oxidativo e os efeitos danosos causados pela RUV na pele, aliado ao fato de que estudos epidemiológicos demonstram que o uso de protetores ou bloqueadores solares não é completamente efetivo na prevenção dos diversos malefícios causados pela exposição à RUV, o uso de antioxidantes aparece como importante alternativa nas terapias de fotoproteção. A administração tópica de antioxidantes, como a quercetina, poderia afetar as alterações moleculares desencadeadas pela RUV e conseqüentemente as seqüelas biológicas e clínicas resultantes das mesmas. Desta forma, na presente pesquisa, sistema microemulsionado para a liberação cutânea de quercetina foi obtido, caracterizado e avaliado quanto a sua capacidade em promover maior penetração cutânea deste ativo, estabilidade, segurança e eficácia in vivo contra os danos na pele causados pela exposição à RUV. Além disso, o efeito da quercetina contra diferentes alterações moleculares induzidas pela RUV foi também avaliado, com o objetivo de investigar os possíveis mecanismos de ação fotoprotetora deste flavonóide. Os resultados demonstram que a incorporação da quercetina em sistema microemulsionado aumentou a penetração cutânea in vitro e in vivo deste flavonóide sem causar irritação, sendo, portanto, uma importante estratégia para melhorar a liberação tópica da quercetina. O estudo de estabilidade demonstra a necessidade de armazenamento deste sistema a 4°C para manutenção de sua funcionalidade. A microemulsão contendo quercetina inibiu a depleção do antioxidante endógeno GSH, assim como o aumento da atividade/secreção de proteinases e da atividade da MPO, induzidos pela exposição à RUVB. O pré-tratamento de queratinócitos com quercetina não alterou a indução pela RUV das MAP quinases, conseqüentemente não houve inibição na elevação dos níveis de c-Jun e c-Fos, assim como no aumento da produção das MMPs 1 e 3, mas por outro lado foi efetivo contra o aumento na produção das citocinas IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 e TNF-. Finalmente, demonstrou-se que a ação fotoprotetora da quercetina contra os danos na pele causados pela RUV é mediada principalmente pela inibição da via de sinalização do NF-kB, uma vez que, enquanto o pré-tratamento de queratinócitos com quercetina diminuiu a ativação deste fator de transcrição, nenhum efeito contra a indução da via de sinalização da AP-1 foi observado. Concluindo, este trabalho sugere a incorporação da quercetina em sistema microemulsionado como estratégia relevante no combate ao aparecimento de desordens cutâneas causadas pela exposição à RUV, além de contribuir para a elucidação, pelo menos em parte, do mecanismo de ação fotoprotetora da quercetina contra alterações moleculares induzidas pela RUV.The ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposition may lead to the skin oxidant/antioxidant imbalance injuring its integrity and leading to several disorders, such as ageing and skin cancer. Considering the close relationship between the increase in oxidative stress and UV-induced skin damages, together with the fact that epidemiological studies indicate that the use of sunscreen and sun block are not completely effective in preventing UV-induced damages, the use of antioxidants arises as an important approach to photoprotection therapies. The topical use of antioxidants, such as quercetin, would affect the molecular changes induced by UV and subsequent biological and clinical sequela. Therefore, in the present study, microemulsion system for topical delivery of quercetin was obtained, characterized and evaluated with regards to its capability to increase skin penetration of quercetin, stability, toxicity and in vivo effectiveness against UV-induced skin damages. Moreover, quercetin effect against different UV-induced molecular changes was also assessed, in order to investigate the possible photoprotective mechanisms of action of this flavonoid. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of quercetin into microemulsion increased the in vitro and in vivo skin penetration of this flavonoid without causing skin irritation, being an important strategy to improve the topical delivery of quercetin. The stability study demonstrate the necessity to storage this system at 4°C to maintain its functionality. The microemulsion containing quercetin inhibited the depletion of the endogenous antioxidant GSH, as well as the increase in proteinases activity/secretion and MPO activity induced by UVB irradiation exposure. The pretreatment of keratinocytes with quercetin had no blocking effect on UV activation of MAP kinases, consequently, there was no inhibition in the c-Jun and c-Fos levels, as well as in the induction of MMPs 1 and 3, on the other hand, it was effective against the increase in the production of cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 e TNF-. Finally, it was demonstrated that the photoprotective action of quercetin against UV-induced skin damages is mediated mainly by suppression of NF-kB signaling pathway, once, while the pretreatment of keratinocytes with quercetin suppressed the activation of this transcription factor, no effect was observed against UV-induced AP-1 activation. In conclusion, the present study suggests the incorporation of quercetin into microemulsion system as a relevant strategy to prevent UV-induced skin disorders, and contribute, at least in part, to the elucidation of quercetin photoprotective mechanism of action against UV-induced molecular changes.
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Lucho, Ana Paula de Bairros. "Efeitos do Riluzole no Sistema Nervoso Central e Periférico de vertebrados". Universidade Federal do Pampa, 2014. http://dspace.unipampa.edu.br:8080/xmlui/handle/riu/619.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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O Riluzole é quimicamente relacionado aos benzotiazóis e é conhecido como um agente neuroprotetor, possuindo propriedades anticonvulsivantes, analgésicas, anestésicas, e sedativas. A ação neuroprotetora mais conhecida desta droga ocorre através da inibição da transmissão glutamatérgica no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Nesse trabalho, o Riluzole foi ensaiado sobre a junção neuromuscular esquelética (JNM) de aves visando estudar sua interação com o sistema nervoso periférico (SNP). Também foi verificada a ação do Riluzole em fatias de hipocampo de camundongos, comparando os resultados com agentes antiinflamatórios como o extrato de Hypericum brasiliense (HBE) e seu principal composto, quercetina, frente ao veneno de serpente Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt). No SNP, o Riluzole foi ensaiado em preparação músculo biventer cervicis de pintainhos, em banho de órgão isolado, nas doses de 5, 10 e 20 µM. Foram obtidos registros da amplitude da força de contração muscular em presença ou ausência de Riluzole durante 120min, e as curvasresposta à adição exógena de acetilcolina (ACh – 110 µM) e ao cloreto de potássio (KCl – 20 mM), antes e após a incubação com o tratamento. O Riluzole induziu respostas tempo e dosedependentes. Na concentração de 5 µM houve uma diminuição gradativa e significativa da resposta contrátil (p<0.05). Na concentração de 10 µM, houve uma facilitação significativa (p<0.05) da resposta contrátil e das curvas evocadas pelo KCl e ACh. No entanto, na dose de 20 µM houve uma estabilização da contratilidade em relação ao controle. Em todas as doses de Riluzole ensaiadas na JNM houve um aumento significativo da atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE). Na sequência da verificação do mecanismo de ação do Riluzole sobre a placa motora, registros eletromiograficos foram tomados na presença dos inibidores especificos, Neostigmina e d-Tubocurarina, onde foi observada uma reversão dos efeitos quando Riluzole foi adicionado ao meio. Como modelo celular de SNC, a ação do Riluzole foi ensaiada em fatias de hipocampo e a viabilidade destas frente ao veneno de Cdt foi observada por meio da atividade de desidrogenases mitocondriais. Tanto Riluzole, como o extrato da planta HBE e quercetina, aumentaram a viabilidade celular em 1h de incubação a 37˚C na presença do veneno. Quercetina foi mais efetiva do que Riluzole e HBE em neutralizar a lise celular induzida pelo veneno. Assim, estes resultados demonstram a influência do Riluzole no SNC como neuroprotetor de toxinas de veneno de serpente, possivelmente atuando como agente anti-inflamatório, e no SNP, aumentando a atividade da AChE e atuando de maneira dose-dependente sobre a placa motora.
Riluzole is chemically related to benzothiazoles and it is known as a neuroprotective agent with anticonvulsant, analgesic, anesthetic and sedative properties. The neuroprotective drug action is well established being through inhibition of glutamatergic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we have assayed the drug Riluzole at skeletal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of avian, seeking its interaction with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). We also tested Riluzole in the CNS of mice by comparing its results with anti - inflammatory agents, such as extract of Hypericum brasiliense (HBE) and its main isolated compound, quercetin, against the poison of Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt). In the PNS, Riluzole was tested in nerve-muscle preparations in chick biventer cervicis at doses of 5, 10 and 20 μM. It was obtained recordings of the muscle twitch-tension amplitude and the contracture responses to exogenous applied acetylcholine (ACh 110 μM) and potassium chloride (KCl – 20 mM) in the presence or absence of Riluzole during 120 min. Riluzole induced time and dose-dependent responses. At concentration of 5μM there was a gradual and significant decrease in the contractile response (p<0.05). The concentration of 10μM showed a significant facilitation of the contractile response (p<0.05) and an increase in the curve responses evoked by KCl and ACh. However, at a dose of 20 μM there was a stabilization of contractility compared to control. All tested doses of Riluzole showed a significant increase in the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The action mechanism of Riluzole on the endplate was further analysed through the use of specific inhibitors, Neostigmine and dTubocurarine, a reversal of effects those was seen when Riluzole was added to the medium. As a cellular model of CNS, the action of Riluzole was tested in mice hippocampal slices. The cell viability against Cdt venom was observed through the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases. Riluzole as much as the plant extract HBE and its active ingredient, quercetin, increased cell viability in 1h incubation at 37˚C in the presence of the poison. However, quercetin showed to be more effective than Riluzole and HBE in neutralizing cell lysis induced by the venom. Thus, these results demonstrate the influence of Riluzole on the CNS, it showed a neuroprotective effect against snake venom toxins, possibly acting as an anti-inflammatory agent. As for the cholinergic system in the NMJ, Riluzole showed an interesting effect by increasing the activity of AChE and by acting in a dose-dependent manner over the endplate.
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CORRIAS, FRANCESCO. "Nanocarriers for drug targeting and improved bioavailability". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266439.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This PhD thesis debates, mostly, on two main topics:
- Drug delivery to brain
- Nanosuspensions for different applications
The objective of the first topic was the development of liposomes to which anti-TfR-monoclonal antibodies (Ox26) or lactoferrin was bounded to transport the selective NK3 receptor agonist senktide to CNS across the BBB. NK3 receptors are widely expressed in the CNS and their stimulation by senktide (ICV) increase extracellular DA. Liposomes were prepared using the film hydration method. In vivo microdialysis studies were performed to estimate the responsiveness of NAc shell DA to senktide as a consequence of its CNS delivery. Senktide given ICV or loaded into Ox26/lactoferrin-liposome (0.5 μg/kg iv) elicited a significant increase of dialysate DA in the NAc shell of rats whilst senktide given iv (0.1 mg/kg) or loaded in control stealth liposomes did not affect NAc shell DA. Liposomes formulation here described represent an effective way of CNS delivering of senktide following intravenous administration the TfR-transport system. On the other hand, three different types of nanosuspensions were formulated and studied:
- Tretinoin nanosuspensions for topical delivery
- Piroxicam nanosuspensions loaded in oral disintegrating tablet (ODT) for oral delivery
- Quercetin nanosuspensions loaded in fast dissolving films for oral delivery
The aims of the first work were to improve cutaneous targeting and photostability of tretinoin by using nanosuspension formulation. Tretinoin is a drug widely used in the topical treatment of various dermatological diseases. The tretinoin nanosuspension was prepared by precipitation
method and then characterized by photo correlation spectroscopy for mean size and size distribution, and by transmission electron microscopy for morphological studies. An oil in water tretinoin nanoemulsion was also prepared and used as a control. Dermal and transdermal delivery of both tretinoin nanosuspension and nanoemulsion were tested in vitro by using Franz diffusion cells and newborn pig skin. Photodegradation studies were carried out by UV irradiation (1 h, λ=366 nm) of the tretinoin nanosuspension in comparison with the nanoemulsion and a methanolic solution of the drug. During 8 h percutaneous experiments, no permeation of tretinoin through the whole skin thickness was detected but the drug was deposited into the skin layers, mainly in the stratum corneum, similarly to the nanoemulsion. UV irradiation of the nanosuspension showed a great improvement of tretinoin stability in comparison with both controls. Overall results show that nanosuspension might be a useful formulation for improving tretinoin dermal delivery and stability. Piroxicam (PRX) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug characterized by a poorly water solubility and consequently by a low oral bioavailability. Different nanocrystals orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) were prepared to enhance piroxicam dissolution velocity and saturation solubility. Nanosuspensions were prepared using high pressure homogenization technique. Different ODT formulations were prepared using the same nanosuspension but changing different excipients in order to optimize dissolution properties. PRX nanocrystals size and zeta potential were determined by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Characterization of PRX nanocrystals ODT was carried out by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry. Dissolution study of PRX ODT was performed in distilled water (pH 5.5) and was compared with PRX coarse suspension ODT, PRX/poloxamer 188 physical mixture, bulk PRX samples and a piroxicam commercial ODT (Feldene). All PRX nanocrystals ODT formulations showed a higher drug dissolution rate than coarse PRX ODT. PRX nanocrystals ODT prepared using gelatin or croscaramellose as excipient showed a higher PRX dissolution rate compared with the commercial formulation and with ODT prepared using xanthan gum. The improvement in PRX dissolution rate is mainly caused by the increased surface-to-volume ratio due to the submicron
dimension of the drug nanocrystal, however, also the presence of the correct excipients (as disgregant) seem to play an essential role. Finally, quercetin nanosuspensions loaded fast dissolving films were formulated and studied. The aim of this work was to investigate the possible use of maltodextrin IT6 (MDX) to prepare fast-dissolving films, loaded by quercetin nanocrystals. Quercetin nanosuspensions were prepared using an high pressure homogenizer, meanwhile drug loaded films were obtained drying in a siliconized polyester sheet quercetin nanosuspensions with the others compounds in a oven at 60 °C. Films were finally cut and packed within sealed aluminium pouches. Quercetin nanocrystals were characterized by photo correlation spectroscopy for mean size and size distribution and by transmission electron microscopy for morphological studies. On the other hand, quercetin nanosuspensions loaded films were characterized in term of flexibility, tensile strength and thickness. Finally, dissolution studies in distilled water were performed, comparing release profiles of quercetin loaded films, quercetin raw material and quercetin nanosuspensions.
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Jones, Donald J. L. "The identification and characterisation of quercetin metabolites in humans and rats". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30754.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid, known to possess a range of biological properties of in in vitro systems. These properties may be of potential therapeutic benefit against certain diseases. Considerable work has focused on its antioxidant capability, which has been shown to be more powerful than that of vitamin E. Quercetin also has antineoplastic activity, and at 10M it inhibits the proliferation of malignant cell lines derived from breast, ovarian and gastrointestinal tumours and leukaemias. Therefore, a phase I clinical trial on cancer patients was conducted at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham, UK, in which quercetin was administered intravenously. One patient received quercetin p.o. In parallel to this clinical trial, blood and urine, derived from rats, were analysed in order to study the metabolism of quercetin, and the elucidate its bioavailability in vivo. The results show that metabolism by F344 rats, which received quercetin i.v., reflected adequately the metabolism seen in humans. Furthermore, analysis of both human and rat samples demonstrated that quercetin is rapidly metabolised via phase II biotransformation pathways to methyl, sulphate and glucuronide conjugates, thus eliminating quercetin efficiently from the body. The study shows that quercetin undergoes extensive first pass hepatic metabolism which in addition to the poor adsorption, means that quercetin has low bioavailability. Consequently, quercetin might be of limited therapeutic value, especially when taken orally. Whether or not the constant intake of quercetin via the diet may be beneficial to buttress the antioxidant defence system within the body remains to be elucidated. The existence of GSH-conjugates of quercetin was investigated as a possible explanation for the nephrotoxicity exhibited in rats and the clinical trial. GSH-conjugates of quercetin were not found in vivo, although they could be synthesised in vitro. Quercetin and isorhamnetin, although not quercetin sulphate nor glycosidic quercetin, exhibited potent COX-2 inhibition as demonstrated by reduced levels of PGE2 in HCA-7 cells.
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Schwarz, Duncan. "The effect of quercetin rutinoside on experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis in rabbits /". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64093.
Testo completo
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Beyer, Birgit [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Bioverfügbarkeit von Catechinen und Quercetin beim Rind / Birgit Beyer". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076038360/34.
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Gilley, Andrew. "Amorphous solid dispersion effects on in vitro solution concentrations of quercetin". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72864.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Quercetin is a flavonol with potential health benefits including activities against cardiovascular disease, obesity, and oxidative stress. However, the benefits of quercetin are likely limited by poor bioavailability, primarily attributed to its poor aqueous solubility (due to its hydrophobicity and crystallinity) and extensive phase-II metabolism. Improving the apparent solubility of quercetin has the potential to improve its in vivo bioavailability. Strategies to increase solution concentrations in the small intestinal lumen have the potential to substantially increase quercetin bioavailability, and efficacy. We aimed to achieve this by incorporating quercetin into amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) with cellulose derivatives, eliminating crystallinity, and selectively releasing amorphous quercetin under simulated intestinal conditions (pH 6.8, 37C). Amorphous quercetin was dispersed in cellulose esters including 6-carboxycellulose acetate butyrate (CCAB), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) and cellulose acetate suberate (CASub) to achieve stability and provide pH-triggered release. In addition, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) containing CASub and CCAB blends were prepared to further promote enhanced dissolution. The ASD employing 10% quercetin in 20% PVP:70% CASub was most successful at enhancing the solution concentration of quercetin, providing an 18-fold increase in the area under the concentration/time curve (AUC) compared to quercetin alone. These results warrant in vivo assessment of quercetin-loaded ASDs formulated with CASub and its blend with PVP towards improving the bioavailability of quercetin.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Schott, Adrian. "Silybin als Hemmstoff der Erythrozyten-Calzium-Pumpe im Vergleich mit Quercetin /". [S.l : s.n.], 1986. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Stražnickienė, Alina. "Flavonoidų poveikis Hep 22a linijoms ląstelėms". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20140702_190409-12658.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ląstelės metabolizme svarbų vaidmenį vaidina oksidacijos – redukcijos reakcijos, kuriose deguonis yra elektronų akceptorius. Įvairių cheminių reakcijų metu gali susidaryti ir aktyviosios deguonies formos – superoksido anijonas, vandenilio peroksidas, hidroksilo radikalas, singletinis deguonis, kurios pažeidžia įvairias biomolekules. Augalai nuo seniausių laikų yra vartojami įvairioms ligoms gydyti. Flavonoidai – tai augalinės kilmės junginiai, randami vaisiuose, daržovėse arbatose, kurie pasižymi antioksidacinėmis savybėmis. Sintetiniai antioksidantai polifenoliai labai plačiai naudojami maisto pramonėje, kaip įvairūs priedai ir konservantai. Vienas jų - kvercetinas. Kvercetino antioksidacinis poveikis priklauso nuo to, kad jis reaguoja su laisvaisiais radikalais, sudarydamas fenoksradikalus, kurie yra ne tokie aktyvūs. Tačiau aukštos kvercetino koncentracijos yra citotoksiškos, o citotoksiškumo mechanizmai, nors ir labai plačiai tyrinėjami visame pasaulyje, lieka neaiškūs. Mūsų darbo tikslas ir buvo ištirti kvercetino ir kitų flavonoidų poveikį Hep 22a linijos ląstelėms. Hep 22a ląstelių linija pasirinkta neatsitiktinai. Tai pelių hepatomos ląstelių kultūra, kuri pasižymi navikinėms ląstelėms būdingomis savybėmis – neribota proliferacija ir ląstelių migracija. Vyrauja epitelinio tipo ląstelės, kurias persėjus po oda susidaro navikai. Ląstelės gerai auga tiek in vivo, tiek in vitro. Ląstelės pailgos, prisitvirtinusios prie substrato, sudaro monosluoksnį. Tirtų flavonoidų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]ABSTRACT Flavonoids are widely distributed in edible plants, and considered to be dietary antioxidants. Flavonoids can protect cell from „oxidative stress“, but the same flavonoids compound could behave in two ways as an both antioxidant and prooxidant, depending on the concentration used and free radical source. Among the flavonoids, quercetin is one of the most widely studied flavonoid and has biological, pharmocological, and medicinal properties. Besides the chemopreventive effects, other biological functions of quercetin are believed to improve antioxidant defence systems in living organizms. The aim of this work was to analize the effects of flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin and morin) in Hep 22a cells. Materials and methods: 1. Cell culture cytotoxicity studies; Flavonoids and the other components were obtained from Sigma, and used as received. 2. Study with fluorescence microscope 3. Statistical analysis Results and discusion: Hep 22a cell line is a mouse hepatoma cell line, which posseses the unlimited proliferation and migration features. Quercetin concentration for 50 % death of Hep 22a cells (cL50) was 160 µM, myricetin concentration was 60 µM, and morin concentration was 190 µM,. The citotoxity of flavonoids in Hep 22a cells was partly inhibited by catalase, by the antioxidant N,N‘-diphenyl-p-phenylene diamine DPPD, desferrioxamine and by dicumarol and an inhibitor of DT-diaphorase thus showing its prooxidant character. Inhibitors of cytochromes P-450, α... [to full text]
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Ranjbar, Golnaz. "Influence of lactase on the in vitro and in vivo antiglycaemic effects of onion flavonoids". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Lactase, in addition to its role in the digestion of lactose available in milk and dairy products, is implicated in the metabolism of a range of phenolic phytochemicals in the gut. Experiments with Caco-2 cells have shown that these cells which mimic the intestinal mucosa indicate that quercetin glucosides and quercetin aglycone (widely consumed in onions and apples) block glucose uptake from the gut by competing with glucose for the sodium-dependent SGLT-1 and sodium-independent GLUT-2 transporters respectively (Johnston et al., 2005a, Schulze et al., 2015). It has been suggested that dietary phenolics that block glucose uptake from the gut may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the ability of quercetin glucosides to block SGLT-1 is lost or reduced when the glucoside moiety is cleaved off during lactase hydrolysis. It is currently unknown if lactose-tolerant individuals deglycosylate quercetin to a greater extent than lactose-intolerant individuals and therefore are less able to reduce glucose uptake from the intestine. The aim of in vitro study was to model human gut condition for glucose transport by using Caco-2 cell models and to model role of human intestinal LPH by incubation of Caco-2 cells with quercetin flavonoids and purified β-galactosidases and in vivo was to investigate whether lactose-tolerant and lactose-intolerant subjects show differences in the uptake of glucose. Methods: Caco-2 cells were cultured in DMEM full medium in 24 well plates. Thereafter, glucose uptake assay was conducted by using 3H-glucose in the presence and absence of sodium, to assess the effect of flavonoids such as phloridzin, quercetin 4'-glucoside, quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside, quercetin 3'-glucoside, and quercetin aglycone on glucose uptake. Transwell inserts were also used to demonstrate the bidirectional permeability through Caco-2 monolayers, transport of glucose from apical (SGLT-1) to basolateral side (GLUT-2). β-galactosidase enzyme assay was conducted by using β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae, Caco-2 cells were treated with 100 μM quercetin glucosides, 25% w/v onion extract and β-galactosidase in order to model the hydrolysis of flavonoids by lactase in the small intestine. HPLC was carried out to determine if quercetin glucosides are found in onion extract and test whether β-galactosidase is active and result in deglycosylation of substrates such as individual quercetin glucosides and quercetin glucosides in onion extract. For the clinical study, lactose intolerance was identified by the hydrogen breath test (Gastrolyzer), and blood glucose levels were measured by taking finger-prick blood samples in several intervals (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120) minutes using an EKF glucose analyser. Results: Findings from the current in vitro research confirm that phloridzin is an inhibitor of sodium-dependent conditions (SGLT-1) transporter with 80% reduction, this therefore was used as a positive control. Quercetin 4'-glucoside and quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside at (100πM) significantly decreased the uptake of glucose in the presence of sodium with up to 75% reduction compared to control p < 0.01. However, no significant glucose inhibition was found from these quercetin glucosides in the absence of sodium condition (p > 0.5), whilst quercetin aglycone significantly inhibited the glucose uptake with 50% reduction compared to control at significance levels of (p = 0.02). HPLC data identified quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside and quercetin 4'-glucoside with RT = 4.082 min and 11.392 min in the onion extract by showing peaks at similar ranges with RT= 4.114 min and 11.385 min with their standards, and the concentration of quercetin 4'-glucoside was measured as the highest level (42μg/ml) in onion extract compared to 3,4'-glucoside and quercetin 3-glucoside. Further HPLC illustrated that, after incubation of quercetin glucosides and onion extract with β-galactosidase Aspergillus oryzae for 20, 40 and 60 minutes, the peaks occurred at similar RT =16.453 min and 16.441 min respectively in accordance with standard quercetin (RT=16.239 min), suggesting the deglycosylation of these compounds with β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. According to findings from the clinical study, reduction of peak glucose levels by an onion meal was higher in lactose-intolerant people than lactose-tolerant people (44.2% versus 19.3%, p = 0.042). Also, the area under the blood glucose curve was reduced more in lactose-intolerant people compared to lactose-tolerant people, however was not statistically significant (54.5% versus 42.1%, p = 0.425). Discussion: Our result suggests that quercetin 4'-glucoside and quercetin 3,4'-diglucosides and onion extract were the main inhibitors of glucose uptake in sodium-dependent conditions (SGLT-1). Whereas, quercetin aglycone inhibited GLUT-2 glucose transport on Caco-2 cell monolayers under sodium independent conditions. Our findings were in accordance to several previous studies (Boyer et al., 2005, Kwon et al., 2007, Schulze et al., 2015). Notably, in vitro studies were conducted to model whether the in vivo study is likely to succeed or not. Findings from our human study showed that glucose uptake was blocked by the onion solution and a diet containing quercetin glucosides (onion meal) may be of greater benefit for glycaemic control in lactose-intolerant people than in lactose-tolerant people.
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Blöck, Markus. "Untersuchungen zur Interaktion von Quercetin-Glukosiden mit dem intestinalen Glukose-Carrier (SGLT1)". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2002/214/index.html.
Testo completo
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Azevedo, Maria Isabel Carneiro de. "Effect of flavonoids rutin and quercetin in peripheral neuropathy induced sensitive oxaliplatin". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10494.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum compound and the first-line treatment for colorectal cancer. The main limiting factor in oxaliplatin treatment is painful neuropathy that is difficult to treat. This side effect has been studied for several years, but its full mechanism is still inconclusive, and effective treatment does not exist. Data suggest that oxaliplatinâs initial neurotoxic effect is peripheral and oxidative stress-dependent. A spinal target is also suggested in its mechanism of action. The flavonoids rutin and quercetin have been described as cell-protecting agents because of their antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory actions. We proposed a preventive effect of these agents on oxaliplatin-induced painful peripheral neuropathy based on their antioxidant properties. Methods: Oxaliplatin (1 mg/kg, i.v.) was injected in male Swiss mice, twice per week for 4 weeks. The development of sensory alterations, such as thermal allodynia and mechanical hypernociception, was evaluated using the tail immersion test in cold water (10ÂC) and the von Frey test. Rutin and quercetin (25-100 mg/kg, i.p.) were injected 30 min before each oxaliplatin injection. The animalsâ spinal cords were removed for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation and malondialdehyde and non-protein sulfhydryl group assays. Results: Oxaliplatin significantly reduced thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds, effects prevented by quercetin and rutin at all doses. Fos immunostaining in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord confirmed these results. The oxidative stress assays mainly showed that oxaliplatin induced peroxidation in the spinal cord and that rutin and quercetin decreased this effect. The flavonoids also decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine immunostaining in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. These results suggest that nitric oxide and peroxynitrite are also involved in the neurotoxic effect of oxaliplatin and that rutin and quercetin can inhibit their effect in the spinal cord. We also observed the preservation of dorsal horn structure using histopathological analyses. Conclusions: Oxaliplatin induced painful peripheral neuropathy in mice, an effect that was prevented by rutin and quercetin. The mechanism of action of oxaliplatin appears to be at least partially oxidative stress-induced damage in dorsal horn neurons, with the involvement of lipid peroxidation and protein nitrosylation.Oxaliplatina (OXL) à um agente antineoplÃsico de terceira geraÃÃo, com potente atividade citotÃxica em vÃrios tipos de cÃncer, mas apresenta um efeito neurotÃxico importante que causa uma severa e dolorosa neuropatia perifÃrica. Dados da literatura tambÃm sugerem que o efeito neurotÃxico inicial da OXL seria dependente do estresse oxidativo, nos tecidos perifÃricos. Os flavonÃides Rutina (RT) e Quercetina (QC) foram descritos como agentes protetores celulares por sua aÃÃo antioxidante, assim como por seus efeitos antiinflamatÃrios e antinociceptivos. O objetivo deste estudo à investigar o efeito do tratamento com RT e QC na neuropatia sensitiva perifÃrica (NSP) induzida pela OXL em camundongos. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comità de Ãtica em Pesquisa Animal da Universidade Federal do Cearà (n 36/2011). A neuropatia sensitiva foi induzida em camundongos Swiss machos (25-30 g), atravÃs de duas injeÃÃes por semana de OXL (1 mg/kg, e.v.) durante 4,5 semanas, no total de nove injeÃÃes, juntamente com a avaliaÃÃo de testes nociceptivos semanais. AlodÃnia tÃrmica foi avaliada pelo teste de imersÃo da cauda em Ãgua fria (10 ÂC), e hipernocicepÃÃo mecÃnica plantar pelo teste eletrÃnico de Von Frey. Os animais tratados com OXL foram divididos nos grupos: grupo controle (prÃ-tratado com salina), e trÃs grupos prÃ-tratados com RT ou QC (25, 50 e 100 mg/kg, i.p), 30 min antes de cada injeÃÃo de OXL. No final dos experimentos, as medulas espinhais foram removidas e processadas para avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica e imunohistoquÃmica. Em outros experimentos a medula espinha tambÃm foi retirada para testes bioquÃmicos (MDA e NP-SH). Nossos resultados mostraram que a OXL reduziu significativamente (p < 0,05) tanto o limiar nociceptivo tÃrmico como mecÃnico. O tratamento com QC, preveniu esses efeitos (p< 0,05) em todas as doses (efeito mÃximo na dose de 50 mg/kg), aumentando o limiar em 68,6 % para alodÃnia tÃrmica e em 47,6 % para hipernocicepÃÃo mecÃnica. O tratamento com RT tambÃm preveniu esses efeitos (p < 0,05) em todas as doses (efeito mÃximo na dose de 50 mg/kg) aumentando o limiar em 448 % para alodÃnia tÃrmica e em 25,5 % para hipernocicepÃÃo mecÃnica. A imunohistoquÃmica mostrou que a RT e QC diminuÃram a imunoexpressÃo para c-fos, NOSi (oxido nÃtrico sintase induzida) e nitrotirosina, no corno posterior da medula espinhal, quando comparada ao grupo controle. OXL aumentou significativamente os nÃveis de MDA, mas nÃo de NP-SH com inibiÃÃo pelo tratamento com RT e QC. Nossos resultados mostraram que RT e QC tem efeito antinociceptivo em ambos os testes, tÃrmico e mecÃnico, juntamente com a inibiÃÃo da imunoexpressÃo para c-fos pela QC na neuropatia sensitiva perifÃrica da OXL. AlÃm disso, a QC foi capaz de inibir a imunoexpressÃo para nitrotirosina e para NOSi no corno posterior da medula espinhal, indicando um possÃvel mecanismo envolvendo NO e estresse oxidativo. Os dados sugerem que RT e QC podem ter um efeito neuroprotetor, vindo a ser uma alternativa promissora na prevenÃÃo a neuropatia sensitiva perifÃrica causada pela OXL na quimioterapia do CÃncer.
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Tsao, Chin-Wan, e 曹智菀. "Quercetin pharmacokinetics and the effect of quercetin on cyclosporin absorption". Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86829191668214701645.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士中國醫藥學院
藥物化學研究所
87
Quercetin is a bioactive natural product and possesses many beneficial pharmacological activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of quercetin in rabbits. Metabolites of quercetin in serum were hydrolyzed anaerobically by incubation with β-glucuronidase/sulfatase at 37℃for 4 hr with the addition of ascorbic acid. A sensitive and simple HPLC method for determination of quercetin in rabbit's serum was developed. The analysis was performed on Cosmosil RP-18 column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile : 0.2 % ortho-phosphoric acid solution ( 27 : 73, v/v ). The method employed a flow rate of 1.3 ml/min with detection at 370 nm. The precision and accuracy of the method were good for intra-day and inter-day assays. The recoveries of quercetin from rabbit serum were satisfactory. The limit of detection ( LOD ) was 4.9 ng/ml and the limit of quantitation ( LOQ ) was 0.16 μg/ml. After intravenous administration of quercetin to six rabbits, the mean pharmacokinetic parameters of quercetin were Vd: 3L AUC0-∞: 3087.0 nmol·min·ml-1；t1/2: 15 min；Cl: 0.16 L·min-1；MRT: 22 min. After oral dosing of quercetin to six rabbits, free form quercetin was detected in few samples, no attempt had been made to calculate parameters. After enzyme hydrolysis, the mean pharmacokinetic parameters were Cmax: 5.96 nmol·ml-1；AUC0-t: 914.9 nmol·min·ml-1. The profile indicated poor absorption and significant enterohepatic recycling. Quercetin is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4. It had been speculated to be one of the causative agents for grapefruit-drug interaction. Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressive agent with narrow therapeutic range. The significant first pass extraction of cyclosporin involved the roles of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein. To investigate the effect of quercetin on the absorption of cyclospoprin, eight rats were orally given cyclosporin alone ( 10 mg/kg ) or cyclosporin ( 10 mg/kg ) with quercetin ( 50 mg/kg ) in a randomized crossover design. Blood cyclosporin concentrations were determined by FPIA method The results showed that coadministration of quercetin significantly decreased the bioavailability of cyclosporin for 43.0 %, indicating quercetin was a potent inducer of P-glycoprotein. It is suggested when cyclosporin is coadministrated with quercetin , the blood concentration of cyclosporin should be carefully monitored.
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Gräfe, Eva Ulrike. "Relative systemische Verfügbarkeit und Pharmakokinetik von Quercetin und Quercetinglykosiden (Quercetin-4'-0-glucosid und Quercetin-3-0-rutinosid) im Menschen". Doctoral thesis, 2001. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-1333.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Aufgrund seiner potentiell gesundheitsfoerdernden Wirkung wurde das Falvonol Quercetin in den letzten Jahren intensiv untersucht. Daten zur Bioverfuegbarkeit nach oraler Applikation sind jedoch selten und widerspruechlich. Fruehere Untersuchungen deuteten darauf hin, dass die Disposition von Quercetin von der Zuckerkomponente des Glykosids oder der Pflanzenmatrix abhaengen koennte. Um den Einfluss der Zuckerkomponente oder der Matrix auf die Resorption von Quercetin festzustellen, wurden zwei isolierte Quercetinglykoside sowie zwei Pflanzenextrakte in einer vierarmigen, randomisierten cross-over Studie an 12 gesunden Probanden getestet. Jeder Proband erhielt eine Zwiebelzubereitung oder Quercetin-4'-O-glucosid, jeweils entsprechend 100 mg Quercetinaglykon, sowie Quercetin-3-O-rutinosid oder Buchweizenkrauttee entsprechend 200 mg Quercetinaglykon. Die Proben wurden mittels HPLC und Coulometrischer Arraydetektion analysiert. Im Plasma wurden ausschliesslich Quercetinglucuronide detektiert. Freies Quercetin und die Glykoside waren nicht nachweisbar. Die Bioverfuegbarkeit und Pharmakokinetik nach Applikation von Zwiebeln und Quercetin-4'-glucosid zeigte keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Maximale Plasmakonzentrationen von 2.3±1.5 µg·mL-1 and 2.1±1.6 µg·mL-1 (MW±SD) wurden nach 0.7±0.2 h und 0.7±0.3 h erreicht. Nach Einnahme von Buchweizenkraut und Rutin wurden maximale Plasmakonzentrationen (trotz der doppelten Dosis) von nur 0.6±0.7 µg·mL-1 und 0.3±0.3 µg·mL-1 nach 4.3±1.8 h bzw. 7.0±2.9 h erreicht. Die terminale Halbwertszeit lag bei ca. 11 h fuer alle vier Pruefpraeparate. Die Disposition von Quercetin ist daher primaer von der Zuckerkomponente abhaengig. Zu einem geringern Anteil beeinflusst die Pflanzenmatrix im Falle von Buchweizenkrauttee sowohl Geschwindigkeit als auch Ausmass der Resorption. Der Resorptionsort scheint fuer Quercetin-4‘-O-glucoside und Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside unterschiedlich zu sein. Die bedeutung spezifischer carrier fuer die Resorption von Quercetinglykosiden sowie von intestinalen ß-Glucosidasen muss in weiteren Untersuchungen geklaert werdenDue to its potentially beneficial impact on human health the polyphenol quercetin has come into the focus of medicinal interest. However, data on the bioavailability of quercetin after oral intake are scarce and contradictory. Previous investigations indicate that the disposition of quercetin may depend on the sugar moiety of the glycoside or the plant matrix. In order to determine the influence of the sugar moiety or matrix on the absorption of quercetin, two isolated quercetin glycosides and two plant extracts were administered to 12 healthy volunteers in a four-way cross-over study. Each subject received an onion supplement or quercetin-4‘-O-glucoside both equivalent to 100 mg quercetin, as well as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and buckwheat tea both equivalent to 200 mg quercetin. Samples were analyzed by HPLC with a 12-channel coulometric array detector. In human plasma only quercetin glucuronides, but no free quercetin, could be detected. There was no significant difference in the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters between the onion supplement and quercetin-4‘-O-glucoside. Peak plasma concentrations were 2.3±1.5 µg·mL-1 and 2.1±1.6 µg·mL-1 (mean±SD) and were reached after 0.7±0.2 h and 0.7±0.3 h, respectively. After administration of buckwheat tea and rutin, however, peak plasma levels were (despite the higher dose) only 0.6±0.7 µg·mL-1 and 0.3±0.3 µg·mL-1, respectively. Peak concentrations were reached 4.3±1.8 h after administration of buckwheat tea and 7.0±2.9 h after ingestion of rutin. The terminal elimination half life was about 11 h for all treatments. Thus, the disposition of quercetin in humans is primarily depending on the sugar moiety. To a minor extent, the plant matrix influences both rate and extent of absorption in the case of buckwheat tea administration compared to the isolated compound. The site of absorption seems to be different for quercetin-4‘-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. The significance of specific carriers on the absorption of quercetin glycosides as well as specific intestinal ß-glucosidases needs to be further evaluated