Tesi sul tema "Qualité de la vie – Sénégal"
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Sow, Anne-Marie. "Scolarisation, inclusivité et qualité de vie des élèves atteints d’une maladie chronique invalidante au Sénégal. Le cas de la drépanocytose". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0391.
Testo completoSickle cell disease, a hereditary chronic and disabling illness, severely affects the lives of millions of people. It is characterized by anemia, frequent infections, and painful crises. Sixty-six percent of the 120 million people affected worldwide live in Africa (WHO, 2022). This thesis, conducted with four hundred students with sickle cell disease in Senegal, their parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals, aims to understand the quality of life in school, family, and hospital settings for individuals suffering from sickle cell disease, and to propose solutions for better support. A mixed approach (questionnaires and interviews) is used to analyze the progress and challenges to their inclusion, taking ethical considerations into account. The results reveal a limited understanding of sickle cell disease by those affected, as well as inappropriate family and school practices. Despite some progress over the past decade with various initiatives to promote the inclusion of those affected, identified factors (age, sex, ethnic origin, etc.) and diversity of material circumstance increase the challenges any ecosystemic approach must address multiple forms of discrimination, barriers to schooling, numerous absences, and exam failures (25%). The physical violence experienced by 69 % of students, the high dropout rate (26% among 13- to 18-year-olds), the high cost of medical care, and low health literacy continue to negatively impact their quality of life. The primary value of this research lies in its significant contribution to understanding the schooling of sick children in Senegal by examining the interactions between school, family, and hospital environments. Based on the findings, the thesis proposes recommendations to improve social and educational inclusivity
Diongué, Birahime. "Les niveaux et les facteurs explicatifs de la santé au Sénégal de 1960 à 1982". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10018.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is first to study the health levels of Senegalese people and secondly to analyze the factors explaining their health standard. In the first part, we used the result indicators such as morbidity rates, based on the ministry of public health data only, since they are no epidemiologic surveys. The trends analysis indicated a strong prevalence of certain diseases, such as malaria, with nevertheless important disparity between the regions. However, despite the eradication of big endemics such as plague, small pox, sleeping disease, others diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis leprosy, sexually transmissible diseases, nutritional and diarrheal diseases, measles, whooping cough, consequences of abortions and deliveries, represent the most important plagues. But the morbidity data do not correspond to the Senegalese reality: in fact, the health infrastructures are almost exclusively settled in towns and consequently, they benefit only to urban population. Moreover, the attraction of traditional medicine is not to be neglected, but it is the opposite. All the reasons led us to believe that the morbidity is not really known and consequently that the indicator can not constitute a study base of the health (or levels) in Senegal. That is why we choose the mortality, which is a incontestable evidence and a more known indicator. We analyzed in a second part the health factors and, in order to so, we used 17 health and socio-economic variables supposed to explain the levels of infant mortality (explained variables). We went on with a differential econometric analysis, at first at the national level, then with a pooling-data analysis including only 6 regions and finally with a model applied to Dakar, then to Ngayokheme. The demographic variables, the availability of the coverage of beds, as much as the schooling rate have been the main explanatory factors of health status in the regions and in Dakar the income per capita did not reveal itself as a significate variable. But, in terms of personnel in Dakar the medical and paramedical (midwives) coverage have been significate variables, when at the region level, the population per nurse indicator only prove significate
Diagne, Alioune. "L' entrée en vie adulte à Dakar". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010669.
Testo completoReine, Gilles. "Qualité de la vie et schizophrénie". Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20671.
Testo completoWe developed a self-rated instrument for evaluating subjective quality of life in patients suffering from schizophrenia : the S-QoL. The S-QoL includes 41 questions and 8 dimensions (psychological well-being, self esteem, physical well-being, relations with family, relations with frieds, sentimental life, autonomy, resilience), with a global index. We present the results of validation studies showing that the S-QoL is valid, reliable and has good responsiveness. The S-QoL has been compared with two standard instruments : the QoLI and the SF-36. In regression analysis studies, explanatory factors of the S-QoL are : paranoid symptoms, hostility, depression, age, previous comorbidity with alcohol abuse and depression, daily activities, and the number of weekly contacts with family and friends. Preliminary results show that self-evaluation with the S-QoL is not influenced by memory and executive function deficits but has statistical relationships with insight. The interest of self-rating has been verified by comparing evaluations of patients and referent health professionals. A preliminary study describes quality of life from the caregiver's point of view
Delaunay, Valérie. "L'entrée en vie féconde : expression démographique des mutations socio-économiques d'un milieu rural sénégalais". Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100119.
Testo completoThe evolution of the socio-economic context, in part due to agricultural crisis (decline in pluviometer, decline in peanuts prices, overexploitation of land), induces to the generalization of seasonal migration of young adults, in particular young women, towards urban areas. This phenomenon leads to a change in the rules of social control. This change provokes a weakening of the social control by the elderly and to partial transfer of the decision making process from the group to the individual. The first marriage is postponed because economic constraints make it more difficult for young men to pay the bride price, because of increasing school enrolment and seasonal migration. However, the timing of the first birth stays relatively stable. What is new, is the high proportion of premarital births (1 6) and premarital conceptions (1 4) among first births. We observe alleviation in the conditions for paying the bride price, but also a change in the rules for choosing the spouse, and a transitory period of non-residence for both spouses. These changes reflect an adaptation of the marital system in response to the premarital conceptions phenomenon
Lazzarotto, Sébastien. "Qualité de vie des sujets âgés déficients auditifs : rôle, place et importance des déterminants de qualité de vie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0120/document.
Testo completoThe aging population in developed countries gives rise to considerable challenges in the health field, including hearing loss has a very important place. In France, about 5.5 million people are hearing impaired. Work has been conducted on the impact of hearing loss on the daily life of individuals with hearing loss related to age: communication difficulties, progressive isolation, restriction of social activities of daily living, mood changes, cognitive disorders ... The disability itself and all the consequences listed above will obviously have an impact on the quality of life of individuals and also those around them. The pair (or dyad), formed by the impaired person and his primary caregiver, itself defined as the person it considers most involved in his daily life, will thus be faced with the progressive installation of disability. This will gradually alter the relationship between the two members forming the couple and the social relations of the couple in general, be they family, professional or social at large. Each member of the couple will mobilize coping strategies of its own. In order to explore the various adjustment mechanisms within the dyad and understand the potential links between the nature of adjustment strategies on their quality of life, we performed sequentially at the following stages: 1. List tools for measuring quality of life of individuals with hearing loss related to age; 2. Identify the major determinants of the quality of life of these individuals and that of their close; 3. Examine the specific links between adjustment strategies used by each member of the dyad on its own quality of life and that of his close
Ninot, Olivier. "Vie de relations, organisation de l'espace et développement en Afrique de l'Ouest : la région de Tambacounda au Sénégal". Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUEL499.
Testo completoAfrica experiences intensive, old and new continental mobility in spite of a marginal situation in the world trade. Mobility is imperative in the contemporary Senegal. The shapes, the targets and the causes of mobility are becoming various. The region of Tambacounda is rural, has a low density of population and is badly linked to the national centre of economic and social life. In this region, traffics show off two phenomenons. On the one hand, the traffics concentrate onto the main road to Dakar. This testifies that the regional development depends on national structures. On the other hand, local poles and networks, based upon local dynamism, are raising. Those both phenomenons show off a transition for Senegal. The country is changing its frames for development and organisation of space
Hardouin, Jean-Benoit. "Construction d'échelles d'items unidimensionnelles en qualité de vie". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011754.
Testo completoAmedro, Pascal. "Qualité de vie en cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5011/document.
Testo completoCongenital heart diseases (CHD) are the leading cause of birth malformations. The tremendous progress since the 80’s (neonatal bypass, prenatal diagnosis) have changed the epidemiology, transferring mortality from pediatrics to adulthood. Therefore assessing the health-related quality of life (QoL) of children and adults suffering from CHD has become an important issue, in both clinical research and patients’ follow-up. We carried out 4 prospective QoL studies in patients with CHD: a study in 282 CHD children aged 8 to 18 compared with 180 controls; a study among 202 CHD children correlating their QoL scores to VO2; a QoL study among 208 adolescents and adults with PAH-CHD; and a study among 111 children in a therapeutic anticoagulation education program aiming to measure the evolution of their QoL. Patients with simple CHD showed a similar QoL to that of the control population. Those with complex heart diseases were preferentially affected in their physical well-being but also developed mechanisms of coping in other dimensions. In pediatrics, the evaluation of the QoL by parents is essential, sometimes more accurate than that of children themselves. As in previous studies in adults with heart failure, we found a significant relationship between QoL and physical performance during exercise in CHD children. The results of our work should help cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and pediatric cardiologists in their diagnostic announcement, especially during crucial moments of this medical and surgical subspecialty: prenatal diagnosis, intensive care, transition of care from adolescence to adulthood, palliative treatment of a complex CHD
Võ, Thi Xuân Hanh. "Qualités et interprétation du profil de santé de Duke pour mesurer la qualité de vie en France et au Vietnam". Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN11309.
Testo completoNiasse, Cheikh Baye. "Le processus de libéralisation de la vie politique au Sénégal : recherches sur les conséquences juridiques et politiques du retour au pluralisme politique intégral". Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32042.
Testo completoThe study of Senegalese political life’s liberalization through the analysis of legal and political consequences of a comeback to multiparty democracy looks like a hard if not an impossible task. Within the large movement of democratization that affected Francophone WestAfrica during the 1990’s in the socalled period of ‘democratic transition’, the Senegalese constitution maker took part in this movement, even though Senegal started earlier with multiparty democracy in 1974 through the acceptance of the first opposition party. The Senegalese democracy has been regarded as a model by foreign observers and, due to the scarcity of such examples on the African continent, it has been common to consider it as such. Accordingly, this status has been acknowledged by most of the studies dedicated to its analysis. Nevertheless, democratic claims have grown increasingly during the past few years. The current research can be regarded as a test on the real gap between the positive external evaluation and the existing internal democratic reality. The reinforcement and the deepening of political organization rules, the guarantee of independence regarding organs in charge of monitoring and supervising electoral processes, the redefinition of relationships between politics and finance on one hand, and between politics and religion on the other hand, the respect for an effective and concrete enforcement of rights and political freedoms are, according to this study, the new challenges that the Senegalese democracy will have to face to improve in future
Diarra, Eloi. "Décentralisation et vie politique dans les communes mixtes du Sénégal de 1904 à 1960". Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D305.
Testo completoIn senegal, the mixed communes were presented by colonial administration as a decentralization institution which had to promote the economic and social development of some urban centers by an onn communal budget. In fact, many social and economic realizations can be observed, but something which was not in the project arised : a democratic development of that cities institutions and a political awakening that drove to independance
Seye, Mame Aby. "Téranga : naissance, vie et mort au Sénégal : essai sur la fonction et le devenir des rites". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1400.
Testo completoTazopoulou, Eva. "Évaluation de la qualité de vie subjective après un traumatisme crânien : relation entre qualité de vie, psychopatholagie, stratégies d'ajustement et reconstruction identitaire". Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/145516857#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Testo completoTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden traumatic event which generally concerns young adults. After the accident and their exit from the hospital, the injured experience a true rupture of their life. In the most severe brain injuries, they present disabilities like physical disorders, but it is the handicap known as "hidden (invisible)" that causes the more difficulties in their daily lives. This research relates to the study of the subjective quality of life of the brain-injured, evaluated by an international scale - the QOLIBRI - specific to the brain injury. Our main objective consists in studying, on one hand, the quality of life evaluated by the QOLIBRI in its validated French version and, on the other hand, its correlations with the psychopathological state of the injured, the coping strategies to the handicap and the identity rebuilding. The secondary objective is to propose an operating model of psychotherapy of the brain-injured. The present research makes it possible to point out the bonds between subjective quality of life, psychopathology (depression, anxiety, alexithymy, anosognosy, decline of self-esteem), coping strategies and psychotherapy. The absence of emotional disorders, the choice of adaptive and effective coping strategies, as well as psychotherapy, are factors which have a positive impact on the subjective quality of life of the injured and the identity rebuilding of those
Diatta, Safietou. "Pratiques magico-religieuses, anxiété et préparation psychologique chez des sportifs sénégalais". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS075.
Testo completoBergeron, Marie. "La qualité de vie au travail et sa terminologie". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5546.
Testo completoLafleur, Chantal. "La qualité de vie selon le statut de retraité". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2263.
Testo completoLemelle, Jean-Louis. "Spina bifida, continence et qualité de vie : étude multicentrique". Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN11313.
Testo completoAbassi, Hamouda. "Évaluation de la qualité de vie en cardiologie congénitale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0654.
Testo completoSurgical and medical advances in the treatment of congenital heart disease (CC) have improved mortality and morbidity. Currently, pediatric cardiologists are focusing on health-related quality of life (QoL) in children and adults with CHD, both in clinical research and in current practice. In the continuation of our research program on QoL in pediatric and congenital cardiology started 10 years ago, this thesis included three QoL studies in patients with CHD: first, a cross-sectional study evaluating QoL in 124 children with CHD aged 5 to 7 years compared to 125 control children of the same age and showing that the QoL of this patient population was similar to that of the general population; then, a comparative cross-sectional study in 555 children with CHD and 279 control children, assessing their respiratory function and correlating QoL scores to ventilatory parameters. In greater detail we found that forced vital capacity (FVC) in CHD children was moderately but significantly impaired compared to healthy children with a restrictive pattern for 20% of them; and finally, a prospective study correlating QoL with time in therapeutic range (TTR) in 121 children under anticoagulants included in a self-monitoring educational program. The results of this study found that the QoL of those children was correlated with the balance of anticoagulant therapy as measured by the TTR.Those QoL studies provided answers to questions from patients, families, patient associations, and caregivers in the field of pediatric and congenital cardiology
Falcoz, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Aspects de la qualité de vie en chirurgie cardiaque". Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA0007.
Testo completoThis work deals with different aspects of quality of life in cardiac surgery, particularly the relationship between quality oflife and morbidity / mortality data from a cohort of patients having undergone open-heart surgery. First, we compared the two most frequently used generic quality of life questionnaires used in cardiac surgery: the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). We then studied the potential improvement of quality of life and the assessment of the relation between quality of life and cardiac functional status (angina pectoris, dyspnea), one year after cardiac surgery. Ln the third step, we examined the evolution of quality of life in men and women two years after cardiac surgery and the assessment of predictive factors of cardiac functional status (angina pectoris, dyspnea) by gender. Finally, we discussed the issue of longitudinal analysis of quality of life and "the response shift"
Collignon, Patrick. "La qualité de vie chez les personnes sévèrement polyhandicapées". Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX20683.
Testo completoQuality of life is an ethical concept based on utilitarian theory of ethics. In order to demonstrate that this concept is applicable for persons with profound and multiple disabilities we performed a textual analysis of french laws related to people with handicaps. This study highlighted the well known principles as normalization, integration, social role valorization, individual service plans, and selfdetermination. These principles could also be a component of quality of life. Then a computerised analysis of french regulations specific for medicosocial institutions caring for polyhandicapped children explored the place of quality of life in these texts. This concept appears clearly as an aim for professional practice, but it is never considered as an issue determining the allocation of sevice ressources. In fact quality of life cannot be a condition for the dignity of the person. There is no opposition between quality of life and its sacred dimension. Dignity must be inherent in the human condition
Diouf, Momar. "Valeur pronostique de la qualité de vie en cancérologie". Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA3018/document.
Testo completoThe primary objective of this thesis is to evaluate the added prognostic value of health-related quality of life (QoL) inoncology and to explore ils utility for routine clinical practice as well as for design of clinical trials.In a methodological point of view, we will fïrst compare statistical and clinical performances of a model based onclinico-biological variables and a model based on clinico-biological variables and QoL scores.After validation of ils prognostic value, optimal cut-off points for QoL scores will be explored and revised prognosticclassifications including QoL measures will be built. QoL could then be used to guide treatment assignment and asinclusion/exclusion criteria or as stratification criteria in randomized clinical trials.For the different types of cancer, the validation of the prognostic value of QoL for advanced cancer patients will beperformed according to standard recommendations. The following steps will be performed:> Selection of prognostic factors based on univariable Cox models.> Multivariable Cox models using stepwise procedure. The number of variables entering the multivariable modelwill be selected in such a way that the thumb rule (10 events per variable) will be respected.> If a prognostic System exists, compare its performance alone with ils performance after addition of QoL factorsas well as other clinico-biological factors not included in the prognostic System.> Verify model hypotheses.> Assess model performance using HarreH"s C-index, Schempers V statistic, The NRI (Net ReclassificationImprovement) and the IDI (Integrated Discrimination Improvement). Perform sensitivity analysis after imputation of missing QoL data. Internai validation ofnew models. Find cut-off values for QoL scales to facilitate their use in daily practice.Three type of cancer will be studied: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Metastatic colorectal cancer
Faye, Cheikh Faty. "La vie quotidienne a dakar de 1945 a 1960, approche d'une opinion publique". Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070001.
Testo completoDakar, small village founded by the lebou at the 18 th cantury is occupied since 1857 by the french. Its sedden rapid developpment in the military, demographic, economical plans etc. . . Shows that this town had beneficied earlyn because of common status of plein exercise since 1857 and created the kapital of colonial group of a. O. F. (western french africa) installed in the 20 th century. In the period bethween 1945-1960, europians like africans gave instituted in groups of stress more or less structured, on often racialist criteria ones and others utilizing, different levers, trying aither preserving or critisizing the system of domination. The daily life is essentially characterized by difficulties which appear in the housing, food, the healthy, the school, transporting the equity, the taxation etc. . . And which largely clarify the marginalization of autochtons. The political reforms started since 1956 validate a colonial continuity furm, in this context of balkanization
Fouquet, Thomas. "Filles de la nuit, aventurières de la cité : arts de la citadinité et désirs de l’Ailleurs à Dakar". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0486.
Testo completoThis thesis is based on the ethnography of young Dakar women who produce themselves in bars and nightclubs, where they negotiate various forms of sexual-economic exchange while refashioning their social positioning through the reinvention of physical and symbolic boundaries. I call them city adventurers in order to discuss the critical postures and alternative social trajectories they print in urban interstices. Filigree careers of the night, some trajectories of extraversion are made possible by the cosmopolitan skills gradually acquired. How to replace the culture of migration in Senegal in a socio-historical frame of extraversion that includes a wider range of social and historical configurations? What are the specific issues linked to the definition of an art of urban subaltern citizenship? On the whole, what are the contributions of such analysis for understanding the debates of modernity which Senegal is the scene since the mid-20th century? The scocial trajectories of those city adventurers are rooted in the invention of an imaginaryexile- making a social and cultural distance, a change of scenery. This interpretation introduces a questioning of modernity and cosmopolitanism as terrains de contestation historically constituted and constantly updated
Rémy, André-Jean. "Elaboration et validation d'un indicateur spécifique de qualité de vie dans l'hépatite chronique C : comparaison avec un indicateur général de qualité de vie". Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11038.
Testo completoN’diaye, Abdoul Hamid. "Le rôle des confréries musulmanes dans les institutions et la vie politique et sociale du Sénégal". Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020036.
Testo completoGuerre-Dailly, Maud. "Qualité de vie au travail et performance économique : une analyse d’inventaire systémique de la qualité de vie au travail appliquée à la SEM VFD". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAE011.
Testo completoThe implementation of a Quality of Working Life policy yields multiple benefits. From the point of view of businesses, it enables an improvement in economic performance via an increase in productivity and competiveness. For employees, it preserves the integrity of collectives whilst also reinforcing equality. More broadly, it responds to an issue of social wellbeing and public health, in contributing to more viable social security systems”.The SEM VFD coach transport company is confronted with numerous difficulties with regard to its professional relations (disengagement and de-motivation of employees, absenteeism and significant lateness, conflicting relationships with unions, recruitment difficulties, high turnover, etc.). It therefore needs to analyse the Quality of Working Life of its employees and to act to ensure their satisfaction. The thesis project was undertaken within the framework of an Industrial Convention of Training by Research (Convention Industrielle de Formation par la Recherche - CIFRE). It consisted, on the one hand, of monitoring satisfaction indicators (notably absenteeism) in order to establish an analysis of the work situation and, on the other hand, defining areas of improvement in order to successfully implement a more effective management of human resources, simultaneously improving economic performance and quality of work.This thesis comprises five chapters. The first seeks to determine the risk factors present within businesses (section 1) and to evaluate their consequences, not only for individuals and businesses, but also for the community as a whole (section 2). The second chapter aims to identify the principal indicators that can warn of dissatisfaction and suffering at work (an entire section is devoted to absenteeism, a particularly revealing indicator). The third chapter clarifies the notion of Quality of Working Life (section 1) and demonstrates the links that it has with the performance of a business (section 2). The fourth chapter provides an overview of Quality of Working Life within VFD (via a Quality of Working Life Systemic Inventory). Finally the last chapter examines the issues surrounding the implementation of a Quality of Working Life approach (section 1) and defines the measures necessary to improve economic performance and wellbeing at work (section 2)
Dieye, Abdoulaye Idrissa. "Les étudiants sénégalais en France et aux États-Unis : conditions de vie, conditions d'étude, insertion socio-professionnelle et participation au développement du Sénégal". Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA084114.
Testo completoJust like fuel, education and training (formation) are the indispensable control levers which will make developing countries take off and accelerate the walking (step) of the already developed countries. From primary school to university, so many billions invested in term of investments and infrastructures to maintain hundreds of young people in the way of the excellence and the intellectual performance. These billions are borrowed at the financier's. Unfortunately, today, with the P. A. S. Which came, as a blow with a club, to darken the economic and financial future of developing countries, Senegal does not any more succeed in satisfying the numerous financial requests of his people and his university community. University is not any more the ideal so dreamed and these young students, just like a stampede, leave it and go in France and to the United States to continue their studies. The real reason being the research for the good property to be. Excellent conditions of study, fed by the high sense of the education and the education of these countries, may make of them geniuses(engineerings). However, in pitiful living conditions, even chronic, supported by the lack of stock exchanges (scholarships) and helps (assistants), next to deprived parents, these young students struggle in enormous difficulties. What obliges some to abandon the studies whereas the others, having had their diplomas, do not bring in and continue their road towards Canada and United States. Nevertheless, Senegal borrowed billions to form them. At its current stage, this student emigration, is a real bleeding and a cancer for the development of Senegal. If it is revisited, she can supply technically competent and politically aware men to boost this country which has all the predispositions to develop
Rothé, Thomas. "Chronique familiale dans un quartier populaire de Dakar : ajustements individuels et collectifs à la précarité". Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0016.
Testo completoBabineau, Julie A. "La qualité de vie des personnes aînées vivant à domicile". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9309.
Testo completoBastien, Véronique. "Qualité de vie des enfants pris en charge pour mucoviscidose". Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11082.
Testo completoRaysse, Pierre. "Troubles du développement de l'enfant et qualité de vie familiale". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30068.
Testo completoParents are the main child support during development and have to cope with the developmental disorders of their child over the years. Most of them reported high levels of burden following their child’s diagnosis. The subjective, multidimensional concept of quality of life (Qol) could be operative to apprehend how the domains of parental life which have been impaired may decrease the parents' abilities to cope with the main needs of their child. However the widespread use of the Qol concept contrasts with the lack of validated tools and studies about this issue. Our aim was to validate the Par-DD-qol, a French questionnaire devised in order to assess the impairments of parental quality of life.The 17 item self rated questionnaire was completed by 590 parents of 349 children with developmental disorders (autistic and non autistic). An additional approach of the cross-diagnostic validity was made with 304 parents of children without developmental disorders and hospitalized in paediatrics. Three scores were identified: emotional score, adaptative score and global score. The main psychometric features are presented. This short questionnaire has good psychometric qualities and could be helpful in routine clinical care. It is not specific and could allow comparative studies..The study of the content validity, the responsiveness and cross-diagnostic validity needs further development. Methodological and therapeutic issues, implications for improvement of family support are discussed
Minaya, Flores Patricia. "Qualité de vie des aidants de patients atteints de cancer". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5048/document.
Testo completoFamily caregivers are an important element in the support and care management of patients with cancer. However this is not without consequences for the caregiver who is affected by the disease and the treatment of his beloved one. Therefore, this thesis aims firstly to assess the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers in oncology and secondly to question possible suggestions for its improvement. These goals have led us to validate a reliable and specific QoL instrument for caregivers: the Caregiver Oncology Quality of Life Questionnaire (CarGOQoL). We studied the stability of this questionnaire in different sub-groups, we examined the relationship between QoL of the caregiver and the patient, taking into account the phenomenon of response shift. and we carried out studies to assess the impact of the disease and its treatment in the QoL of caregivers in oncology in different contexts and sub-groups.The main properties of reliability and validity of CarGOQoL are satisfactory. Moreover, using the suitability indices, we can say that the CarGOQoL is stable. The results of our studies show a positive association between the QoL of patients and caregivers. In addition, the influence of psychological well-being of the patient on the caregivers' one was reported. The two specific studies of caregivers in oncology showed us the relevance of measuring the QoL of caregivers through the CarGOQoL. In conclusion, our results suggest that cancer impacts on the QoL of caregivers. Maintaining the QoL of caregivers is an important factor in their willingness to provide assistance. Health professionals must put in place interventions to support caregivers in order to maintain their QoL
Paré, Simon. "La qualité de vie scolaire des élèves du niveau secondaire". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2742/1/000685467.pdf.
Testo completoLarivière, Manon. "Évaluation d'un programme Qualité de vie en oncologie en regard de la qualité de vie des personnes de 50 ans et plus atteintes d'un cancer". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2270.
Testo completoBlanc, Julien. "Enjeux conceptuels de l'évaluation de la qualité de vie en santé". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5051.
Testo completoThe evaluation of quality of the patients' life is central in health, especially in Public Health research programs and policies. Many instruments are developed and discourses on health related quality of life grow in number and diversity. Several approaches and accounts of the concept coexist. However, this growth and diversity is synonymous with enduring doubts about the validity of the existing concepts of health related quality of life. In order to understand and maybe dissolve the confusion, we have first to agree on a common framework of analysis for the concept of quality of life. But, to our knowledge, this framework of analysis is not available. And yet this framework is necessary in order to explicit, compare and test the theoretical choices that determine the concept of quality of life, and most of all of the good quality of life, underlying the measuring instruments. It is indeed the conceptualization of value, of what is good in life, which is at stake. But this aspect is concealed: the approach of quality of life in health is generally but mistakenly conceived as value free or neutral. This concealment probably explains why a common framework of analysis of the existing concepts of health related quality of life is not available. From an understanding of the logic of value specific to quality of life, we try to develop such a framework of conceptual analysis
Lemonde, Manon. "Qualité de vie de personnes atteintes de cancer du poumon avancé". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0026/NQ51960.pdf.
Testo completoHamon, Agnès. "Modèle de Rasch et validation de questionnaires de qualité de vie". Lorient, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LORIS011.
Testo completoThe assesment of quality of life has become an important problem in medicine. This assesment is aimed to evaluate the limitations induced by therapeutics on the daily life of patients. In most of cases, a questionnaire is administred to the patients in order to quantify their quality of life. Then, we have to construct a statistical model that links the items answers to an unobserved quantitative variable, here the quality of life. In most of the clinical studies, only linear linear modelizations are used. The purpose of this work is to study a new approach based on Rasch model[. . . ]
Torres, Emmanuel. "Le cadre de vie urbain : essai d'une économie de la qualité". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-201.pdf.
Testo completoThe rise of environment problems in cities will require in the years to come an important wave of investments in public and private sector in a context of an increasing social demand of quality. This prospect calls for an economic approach of urban environment. This research proposes to bring new implements to theories of environment economy based at present on the concept of "sustainable development", in order to deal specifically with the urban and local problems of environment. A relative and social conception of environment is used and the quality of this environment is considered as a local public good "coproduced" by urban planning and production actors, and by citizens themselves. We take stock of the possibilities of a monetary evaluation of the quality of urban environment, before to use a multicriteria evaluation approach connected to a local actors decision theory. The conditions of coordination and the regulation of urban actors behaviour are analyzed in relation to this quality. Some theoretical implements proposed in the research are applied to an empiric case : the agglomeration of boulogne in nord pasde-calais
Lantheaume, Sophie. "Cancer du sein non métastasé, qualité de vie et surveillance alternée". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20127.
Testo completoObjectives: This research deals with the variability of the quality of life of women suffering from a breast cancer, thanks to the assessment of biological, psychological and social factors, of the emphasis of the role of alternative follow-up installed by the Institut Du Sein (Drôme-Ardèche) and the study of the link between these factors, let alone the experience of the post medical supervision. Method: Population: 30 women in remission suffering from a non metastatic breast cancer, aged from 36 to 78 and currently under medical control at the Institut Du Sein were involved in this survey. Tools: 1) A semi guided interview broaching the following themes: the sick person’s condition and her background, the development of cancer as for the illness and the expectations in relation with the aftercare ; 2) The Test de l’arbre (Fernandez, 2005, 2010) to assess the psychological factors associated to the illness due to regrouping of drawing ; 3) The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) (Zigmund et Snaith, 1983) assessing the symptomatic issue and its seriousness ; 4) The body image questionnaire (QIC) (Bruchon-Schweitzer, 1981) so as to assess the satisfaction of the body image ; 5) The way of coping checklist (WCC) (Vitalino et al., 1985 ; Cousson et al., 1996) assessing the adjustment strategies facing cancer ; 6) The cancer specific and social support questionnaire (QSSS-c) (Segrestan, 2008) which takes the social support received into consideration ; 7) The quality of life questionnaire (FACT-B) (Brady et al., 1997) to assess the general quality of life, all the general, physical and specific symptoms of breast cancer. Results: Using the transactionnel-integratif-multifactoriel (TIM) patterns of Bruchon-Schweitzer et Boujut (2014), it seems that certain medical history (educational standards, young age, dependent children, mastectomy and hormonotherapy in the treatment) and factors linked to the psychological adaptability (coping, perceived social support) adding psychological factors linked (anxiety, physical, body image) have direct consequences on the quality of life and its impacts. No mediator effect of the transactional factors was to be found between antecedent and quality of life. Conclusion: The TIM pattern is both adapted and promising: some links between the different factors and how the patients experienced the post medical aftercare were brought into the fore. The assessment of anxiety, depression and body image of the patients at each step of the illness (at the time of the diagnosis, at the end of the treatment and during the remission period) must be automatically done. Some adjustments of the alternative follow-up might be necessary at the Institut Du Sein
Labbé, Louise. "Évolution de la qualité de vie des personnes déficientes intellectuelles désinstitutionnalisées". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1991. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5429/1/000590846.pdf.
Testo completoLataste, Dominique. "Qualité de vie avant et aprés fulguration du faisceau de His". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M051.
Testo completoBabin, Emmanuel. ""La découration" ou la qualité de vie après une laryngectomie totale". Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1467.
Testo completoFrançois, Clément. "Qualité de vie et coûts des troubles anxieux : évaluation de la qualité de vie et des coûts des troubles anxieux spécifiques : trouble anxieux généralisé et phobie sociale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20712.
Testo completoAnxiety disorders are unique among all chronic conditions, both physical and mental, inhaving a combination of very high prevalence, early age at onset, high chronicity, andsubstantial role impairment. Anxiety disorder was mostly evaluated of a clinical standpoint;the impact of subtypes on the quality of life and costs were generally less studied, especiallyon long-term impact, and studies show large variations of cost estimates. It is interesting toevaluate these subtypes of anxiety disorder from the point of view of health related quality oflife and the objective parameters of health care consumption and costs. The consequences ofrelapse are of particular importance due to the chronicity of these disorders. We measured thecosts associated with all subtypes of anxiety disorders, using an extraction of a U.S.administrative database on hundreds of thousands of patients, and thus allowed to have anaccurate estimate of medical costs, compared the costs associated with different diagnoses ofanxiety, compared with those of the depressive episode, and studied the dynamic relationshipbetween anxiety disorders and depression. We then studied the evolution of the impact onquality of life and functioning of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Social Phobia throughtwo randomised clinical trials and found in these tests associated utilities to health states.Increased research efforts are needed to provide prospective data on the dynamic aspect ofAnxiety Disorders and Depression, and to also measure the indirect costs in clinical practice
Lemoine, Lise. "L'insertion professionnelle d'adultes porteurs de trisomie 21 : liens entre profils cognitifs, contexte de vie, autonomie et qualité de vie". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21018.
Testo completoIt is acknowledged that the employment of adults with trisomy 21 (AT21) is beneficial in terms of autonomy and quality of life. While the issue is becoming more and more topical - most notably as a result of increased life expectancy - the employment of AT21s is also described as particularly difficult by workers in the field and has received little attention from researchers, especially not when seen in the specific context of the AT21s' cognitive abilities. The primary objective of this work is therefore to evaluate the cognitive abilities of AT21s (memory, language, reading, data processing and autonomy), their quality of life and that of their family depending on their type of employment. The sample comprises 32 AT21s aged from 20 to 35, equally divided between 4 living environments - sheltered or ordinary employment vs. occupational centres or return to a home environment - and members of their families (57 parents and 43 siblings). For each of the abilities studied, essential results show quantitative differences depending on the type of living environment, but the cognitive profile of AT21s appears very homogeneous. If there is a global connexion between employment and quality of life, this connexion is neither simple nor direct and requires an understanding of the dynamic interplay of work environment, the abilities of the subjects and specific family situations
Maglio, Milena. "Éthique de la sacralité de la vie, éthique de la qualité de la vie : généalogie d'une opposition théorique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAP005.
Testo completoThe debate between the sanctity of life ethic and the quality of life ethic has been at the core of bioethical discussions (especially those in English) for forty years. It is generally considered that the sanctity of life is an ancient ethic which belongs to the Judeo-Christian and to the Hippocratic traditions. The quality of life, for its part, is commonly understood as a modern ethic which was born with the scientific and technological development of the medical field started sixty years ago. It is then stated that the difference between the sanctity of life ethic and the quality of life ethic depends on the value that each ethic assigns to human life. A moral judgment about subjects as abortion, euthanasia, the withholding and withdrawal of life support, and so on, is supposed to result from this value. The literature on the subject is abundant, and the expressions “sanctity of life” and quality of life” are often used, but the meaning and the scope of these ethics remain sometimes unclear. This fact becomes more evident in the public debates, especially in the well-known cases. What (human) life, sanctity (of life), and quality (of life) mean? These questions rarely receive the same answer.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the validity of the opposition between the sanctity of life ethic and the quality of life ethic with a genealogical approach and an archaeological method. The common idea of the sanctity of life is, first, analyzed to find its multiple and heterogeneous “descents” [provenances]. These “descends”, then, are put into context, focusing on the conditions in which the expression “sanctity of life” was mobilized, and on the discourses that opposed to it. This framework, finally, allows to bring a fresh look at the advent of the debate between sanctity of life ethic and quality of life ethic, as well as at its emergence and reconfiguration in bioethics. The challenge is to provide new keys for thinking differently the contemporary debate
Toussaint, Emmanuelle. "Étude exploratoire de la qualité de vie des enfants accueillis en foyer au titre de la protection de l'enfance : qualité de vie, représentations d'attachement et problèmes de comportement". Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3006.
Testo completoPerault, Pascal. "Qualite de la vie : historique, concepts et methodologie : interet en medecine et en psychiatrie". Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M083.
Testo completoDorval, Michel. "Qualité de vie des survivantes à long terme d'un cancer du sein". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26056.pdf.
Testo completoDa, silva Simon. "Diffusion Vidéo avec une Meilleure Qualité d'Expérience et Respectant la Vie Privée". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0140.
Testo completoVideo streaming is expected to exceed 82% of all Internet traffic in 2022.There are two reasons for this success: the multiplication of video sources and the pervasiveness of high quality Internet connections.Dominating video streaming platforms rely on large-scale infrastructures to cope with an increasing demand for high quality of experience and high-bitrate content.However, the usage of video streaming platforms generates sensitive personal data (the history of watched videos), which leads to major threats to privacy.Hiding the interests of users from servers and edge-assisting devices is necessary for a new generation of privacy-preserving streaming services.This thesis aims at proposing a new approach for multiple-source live adaptive streaming by delivering video content with a high quality of experience to its users (low start-up delay, stable high-quality stream, no playback interruptions) while enabling privacy preservation (leveraging trusted execution environments)