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Tesi sul tema "Psychology"
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1
Brandt, Julie A. Barker Lewis. "Assessing psychology majors' knowledge of psychology using the Auburn Psychology Term Test (APTT)". Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/BRANDT_JULIE_41.pdf.
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2
Rich, Antonia. "DPsych Health Psychology : applied health psychology within health promotion". Thesis, City University London, 2009. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8713/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The UK has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates in Western Europe and young people are disproportionately affected by high rates of sexually transmitted infections. An experimental evaluation of a sexual health promotion DVD entitled, “Bedroom Business,” was undertaken to assess its capacity to change the cognitive antecedents of condom use. Bedroom Business is a 27 minute documentary featuring young people and health professionals discussing sexual health. The DVD also tells the story of five local young people who write and produce a song which focuses on the risks of unsafe sex and underlines the importance of using condoms. Schools were randomised to either no intervention (control) or presentation of the DVD followed by group discussion (intervention). Participants were 147 students aged 16-18. The DVD was evaluated in terms of its capacity to change 13 cognitive antecedents of condom use through a self-report questionnaire. Participants completed the questionnaire at baseline and at four week follow-up. Analysis of covariance, with baseline scores as covariates, showed there were no differences between the conditions on any of the variables. The DVD itself was very popular, with nearly all the students responding that they would recommend it to other young people. Qualitative feedback revealed many young people found it appealing because it featured other young people. The implications of the study are discussed in the wider context of research into sexual health interventions. It is suggested interventions that are greater in scope and duration, holistic in nature and which aim to change future life opportunities for young people may serve to be the most effective.
3
Okrepka, Khristina. "Psychology of design". Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13108.
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Dsouza, Sohan Savio. "Crowdsourcing moral psychology". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130838.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, February, 2021Cataloged from the official PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-58).
Ethical trade-off surveys have played a key role in building a data-driven understanding of human moral psychology. They have been conducted all over the world for decades, eliciting assessment of ethical dilemma outcomes from populations as diverse as those of rural, tribal settlements, and industrialized, information-age, cosmopolitan cities. While much data has been gathered through these surveys, attempts to compare what people across cultures consider ethically justifiable have been hindered by the fact that the surveys used have been reformulated for different cultures in the scenarios they depict, and in their framing. The objective of this thesis project is to build a survey tool with global reach and internationalized surveys, in order to collect survey data from around the world using consistent scenarios and framing. Building on the precedent and success of the Moral Machine tool for surveying people around the world regarding ethical dilemmas involving autonomous vehicles, I built and deployed a tool for conducting surveys with scenarios of the classic action/omission trolley problem, to collect ethical dilemma survey data internationally, in ten languages, for three variants of the trolley problem - one for remote action/omission with no double effect consideration, one for double effect consideration with direct action/omission, and one for double effect consideration with remote action/omission. Analyzing data from this experiment, I conclude that differences in preferences across the variants are confirmed across populations, and that they are universal across populations in order of preference.
by Sohan Savio Dsouza.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences
5
Bimaj, Arjola. "Psychology of pricing". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162611.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Price is the element of the marketing mix that has direct effect in the profits of a company. The right price can boost the profit and the wrong price can significantly shrink it. Thus, the businesses need to set the right price in order to maximize their revenues. However, the newest factors in the economic field, the continuous changes in the environment and the current financial situation in the world has eroded the pricing power and forces the managers to look in every direction in order to be able and keep up with the changes. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to study the psychology of pricing related to the factors that affect the consumers' psychology and behavior when it comes to purchasing decision. The information will be then useful inputs for the companies in order to understand these factors and use them to set the most suitable pricing method for their product.
6
Ho, Hui-yu. "Evolutionary Explanations In Psychology: A Paradigm For Integrating Psychology With Science". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1435.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Evolutionary psychology has recently developed out of dissatisfaction with the Standard Social Science Model utilised by mainstream psychology. This model focuses on culture and reason as the underlying cause of human behaviour and proposes that the mind is a 'general purpose learning device' (Siegert & Ward, 2002). Here the mind is seen as a blank slate at birth, which is subsequently influenced by experience, environment and culture. Biological variables are minimised or ignored. However it seems that all human behaviour cannot fully be explained by the focus on nurture in the Standard Social Science Model; sexual jealousy, parental investment, and mating preferences are examples which are not fully explained by learning or environmental experience. On the other hand, evolutionary psychology, founded on the principles of cognitive science and evolutionary biology, argues that a person's nature is the primary cause of their behaviour, with the influences of nurture being of lesser importance. According to these principles, evolutionary psychology has been very successful in providing explanations, for example in the areas of human mate selection and parental investment. However evolutionary psychology has received criticism on a number of counts, including its supposed reductionism, and, its reliance on 'just so' stories which are untestable, hypothesised scenarios which look to the past in order to explain the evolution of human behavioural features. With the above mentioned matters as background, this thesis investigated whether evolutionary psychology offers a new paradigm for integrating psychology with science, and if so, how it accomplishes this. In investigating this, conceptions of science, psychology, and evolutionary theory, in particular evolutionary psychology, were examined. More specifically, issues addresses included why evolutionary psychology is dissatisfied with the SSSM, the notion of the mind as blank slate, the nature-nurture paradigm, and the mind as a general purpose learning device. Two aspects of evolutionary theory are described, natural and sexual selection, in terms of their importance to evolutionary psychology. The main arguments of evolutionary psychology as a discipline are outlined, looking at its aims, and the ways in which it combines the disciplines of evolutionary biology and cognitive psychology toward a new integrative model for studying human behaviour. A case study demonstrates how evolutionary psychology offers a useful explanation of mate selection. This thesis then turns to the philosophy of science, setting out the differences between Karl Popper and Imre Lakatos' theories, and focusing on the latter's theory as a model of scientific philosophy which could be useful for evolutionary psychology, including discussing how this could be best achieved. This thesis then sets out various criticisms of evolutionary psychology, including the critique of domain-specific modularity, the focus on the Pleistocene period as problematic, the over-reliance on natural selection, just-so stories, the reductionism of evolutionary psychology, and that it is politically conservative. This thesis concludes that the attempt of evolutionary psychology to combine cognitive science and evolutionary theory has been successful in showing how the integration of psychology into the sciences is not only possible but inevitable.
7
Austin, Stephanie. "Critical psychology in action, recommendations for the practice of critical psychology". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40330.pdf.
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Clements, Andrea D., e M. Byous. "Introductory Psychology Need Not Be a Prerequisite for Developmental Lifespan Psychology". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1999. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7315.
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Keogh, Clare. "The place of Transpersonal Psychology in the pluralistic approach of counselling psychology". Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/15295/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Relationship is core to academic and psychological psychotherapeutic practice supported and linked by research. The success of the working alliance and psychotherapeutic practice are dependent on the properties of the psychologist, client and the therapeutic relationship, where all facets of the therapeutic relationship including the transpersonal, are integrated to a pluralistic practice. The present research looked at the transpersonal in psychotherapeutic psychology: Psychologists’ perceptions and experiences of the transpersonal and transpersonal psychology in their therapeutic work, and of transpersonal psychotherapeutic teaching while in training. Methods: ‘Survey monkey’, an online data gathering tool, was used to collect data using a multiple sorting procedure (MSP) based on Kelly’s personal construct theory. MSP was a projective technique and allowed different conceptual styles to be researched. MSP results were analysed and visually illustrated using correspondence analysis; a multidimensional and descriptive graphical technique. Responses to semi-structured open-ended questions were analysed phenomenologically using Clarkson’s seven level model (2002a) and Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis. Two phases of data gathering were conducted. The initial phase examined clinicians’ personal perceptions and experiences of the transpersonal, and their experiences of the transpersonal in training and in practice. The second phase, the ’validation of findings study’, gathered feedback and reflections from original participants on the findings of the original study. Results: Phase 1: 25 participants took part in the study. 70% of participants were interested in transpersonal psychology while 72% were familiar with it. 65% did not receive information on transpersonal psychology while in training as psychologists. Participants’ clinical experience varied between 0-25 years. This was reflected in responses which were influenced by different experiences of trainings at different times, whereby the transpersonal was omitted or included. Experiences of teaching received was both positive and negative. Different discourses and narratives, as well as different levels of awareness and acknowledgement of the transpersonal were identified. MSP accessed conscious and unconscious experiences and perceptions. Responses to the semi-structured open-ended questions included responses of a scientific, rational and normative narrative. Some viewed transpersonal psychology as not scientific, some identified the transpersonal as separate and unique, while others’ viewed both as integrated to clinical practice. A dichotomy and incompatibility of transpersonal psychology with psychology, and between science and the spiritual was presented by some participants. Phase 2: Validation of findings study: The validation of findings study reinforced findings relating to the identified themes in the original study, and supported an Emerging Theoretical Model of Transpersonal Perceptions, Experience, Practice and Education (henceforward referred to as the emerging theoretical model) as part of a pluralistic approach. Here the interconnected transpersonal themes of the personal experience, experience in training, and use in clinical practice are refined. Conclusions: Findings suggest participants’ personal experience of the transpersonal in training and in clinical practice influenced responses, awareness, experience and acknowledgement of the transpersonal evident in the results. Considering the functioning of each individual, and the mind/body relationship, especially across the lifespan, many theoretical approaches recognise the complex and important relationship involved in functioning which leads to psychological well-being. Perhaps because transpersonal psychology considers that which functions beyond the ego ,it does not comfortably fit into the rules of research and theory which apply within other fields of psychology. In relation to research, the expectations of scientific validity may not seem to be met by transpersonal psychology, as it does not adhere to a Newtonian/Cartesian approach to research in practice. It mainly takes the form of subjective experience using qualitative research methods and is based in human inquiry, which is also reliable and valid. Results indicate trainings in psychology should place more emphasis on incorporating transpersonal psychology in trainings as an essential facet of an integrated therapeutic relationship.
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Zakrajsek, Rebecca. "Coaches and sports psychology factors influencing intentions to use sport psychology consultation /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3424.
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Baumann, Martin, Andreas Keinath e Josef Krems. "Experimentelle Psychologie. Abstracts der 44. Tagung experimentell arbeitender Psychologen". Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200977.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstracts of the 44. Tagung experimentell arbeitender Psychologen TeaP in Chemnitz, March, 25 to 27Zusammenfassungen der Beiträge der 44. Tagung experimentell arbeitender Psychologen TeaP 2002 in Chemnitz vom 25. - 27. März 2002
12
Rohenkohl, Gustavo. "Cognitive neuroscience, experimental psychology". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547508.
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Jones, Philippa. "Counselling psychology and cancer". Thesis, City University London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507273.
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Perkins, Joanne Marie. "Counselling psychology of infertility". Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8462/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The central theme of this thesis is infertility. It links different areas of my work as a chartered counselling psychologist working with clients experiencing difficulties conceiving. I currently work in private practice specialising in this area. Previously I worked as an NF counsellor at the Assisted Conception Unit of the Lister Hospital in London. Although the term `infertility' is commonly used, being `infertile' means a total absence of reproductive function and this condition is rare (HFEA, 1999). The majority of people presenting with difficulties in conceiving actually have `sub-fertility', where one or more parts of the reproductive system are impaired. Throughout this thesis the term `infertility' is used to refer to both infertility and sub-fertility. I initially became interested in the psychological impact of infertility when a number of close friends started having difficulties conceiving. I observed that whilst there was a wealth of medical support available, psychological and emotional support was somewhat lacking. This led me to reflect on the counselling psychology of infertility. After conducting a review of the infertility literature it became apparent that research contributions from counselling psychologists were somewhat scant. The main body of literature is comprised of contributions from nurses, medical practitioners, clinical psychologists and counsellors working in the field. Part of my motivation in undertaking this degree was to establish the role that counselling psychology can play in the field of infertility. Linked to this, was the motivation to make a difference and raise the profile of infertility within the field of counselling psychology. The thesis focuses on three different areas of infertility that are all linked to the practice of counselling psychology with this client group. Firstly there is an exploratory piece of research. It focuses on the psychological and emotional impact of the infertility experience and the role of counselling. Secondly there is a case study. This is reflexive exploration which focuses on some of the challenging issues that I encountered in my clinical work with an infertile female client. Finally there is critical review of the literature that explores infertility and counselling from a historical perspective. The review places infertility in a historical context so that the complex psychological aspects of the infertility experience today can be more fully understood and appreciated. An overview of each section is now provided.
15
Cross, Malcolm Charles. "Perspectives on counselling psychology". Thesis, City University London, 1999. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7747/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two hundred and eighty participants (113 Chartered Counselling Psychologists, 167 trainees in Counselling Psychology) took part in the project, conducted over 4 years, which aimed at explicating perspectives on what constitutes the discipline of Counselling Psychology. A range of studies employing diverse methodologies are reported which contribute to the overall aim of the project. Research was conceptualised and executed within the constructivist framework and drew heavily upon the Kellian view of the person as co-participant in the research enterprise, capitalising on the human capacity to generate and reflect upon meaning. The results of a series of studies contributing to this project gave rise to an evolving conceptualisation of what constitutes the phenomena of Counselling Psychology from the perspective of both trainees and independent practitioners. Counselling Psychology was described in terms of 5 broad conceptual categories: Counselling Psychologist Contribution; Psychological Theory / Model; Client Contribution; Ethical Codes and Practices; and The Therapeutic Relationship. Amongst the subsidiary findings of the project it was noted that trainees' anticipation of counselling psychology becomes more discriminating and stable with practice experience. The findings of the project are expressed in terms of their implications for achieving the informed consent of consumers of counselling psychology services, the training and education of would-be counselling psychologists, and the monitoring and enhancement of quality standards and evaluation of practice.
16
Knowles, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Psychology of bipolar disorder". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A behavioural high risk paradigm was used to investigate cognitive vulnerability to bipolar disorder in a group of individuals at high risk of developing symptoms, and similar measures were administered to a group of bipolar patients whose symptoms were currently in remission. High risk was defined as a combination of elevated scores on both the Hypomanic Personality Questionnaire and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale. The research addressed several psychological models of bipolar disorder including response styles, behavioural engagement, circadian rhythm disruption, self-esteem instability and the manic defence, as well as cognitive reactivity to musical mood induction and the impact of mood on emotion recognition. In the initial analogue study, hypothetically low-, medium- and high-risk participants were compared on measures of the models listed. High-risk participants displayed a uniquely dysfunctional combination of rumination and risk-taking coping behaviours, high behavioural inhibition and activation scores, irregular and unrestful sleep, highly unstable self-esteem, heightened sensitivity to positive and negative mood induction, and a moodcongruent bias in their perception of ambiguous facial expressions relative to the low-risk participants. They had also experienced significant levels of affective symptomatology consistent with their high-risk status. The subsequent clinical study compared remitted bipolar patients to remitted unipolar depressed patients and healthy controls. The bipolar group displayed more ruminative coping, high behavioural inhibition, disrupted and inefficient sleep, unstable selfesteem, and a clear manic defence when compared to the controls. The remitted bipolar patients also reported greater shifts in mood and self-esteem following both mood induction procedures than the controls. The remitted bipolar patients were therefore very similar to both the unipolar depressed group and the high-risk analogue participants in cognitive terms. Taken together, the results support the use of behavioural high-risk paradigms in investigations of bipolar disorder, and confirm the involvement of the presently examined cognitive and psychosocial factors in conferring vulnerability to bipolar symptomatology.
17
Williamson, Claire. "Doctoral upgrade : clinical psychology". Thesis, City University London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408083.
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Biel, Pedro Rey. "Psychology, economics and incentives". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445820/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This PhD. Thesis deals with the effects that psychological phenomena may have on the incentives of agents participating in economic interaction. In particular, I focus on how individuals' preference for certain distributions of welfare among others may affect their effort and other strategic decisions in a variety of contexts. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first one introduces the study. The next two chapters are theoretical and study the effects that aversion to inequity may have on effort decisions. The last two chapters are experimental and show evidence on when welfare comparisons may distort the way experimental subjects play simple games. Chapter 2 studies optimal contracts when employees are averse to inequity as modelled by Fehr and Schmidt (1999). A "selfish" employer can profitably exploit preferences for equity among his employees by offering contracts which create inequity when employees do not meet the employer's demands. I derive the optimal contract under such circumstances and discuss conditions for inequity aversion to affect the optimal output choice. Similar results are obtained for other types of distributional preferences such as status-seeking or efficiency concerns. Chapter 3 studies the mechanics of "leading by example" in teams and it is joint work with Steffen Huck. We show that leadership is beneficial for the entire team when agents dislike effort differentials. We also show how leadership can arise endogenously and discuss what type of leader benefits a team most. Chapter 4 discusses a laboratory experiment in which subjects played constant sum normal form games and stated beliefs about the frequencies of play by their opponents. Contrary to previous experimental evidence, the results show that game-theoretical predictions work reasonably well: 80% of actions coincided with the Nash equilibrium, subjects were good at predicting the action which was played with highest frequency and 73% of actions were best responses to stated beliefs. The chapter argues that game-theoretical predictions might work well in constant sum games because distributional preferences may not be a factor influencing subjects' decisions in these games. Chapter 5 shows a follow-up experiment in which we study the robustness of the results in Chapter 4's experiment to sequential play in games with the same payoff matrix as the games in the previous chapter. Although we suspected that sequentiality may trigger some psychological phenomena that may lead subjects to deviate from equilbirium, we find that in our constant sum games the subgame perfect equilibrium predictions work well. Overall, we conclude that distributional preferences and other types of psychological phenomena have important economic consequences when they affect individuals' incentives. However, as important as it is to acknowledge the effects of psychologial phenomena it is to identify the type of situations in which they change predictions from standard economic theory.
19
Brown, Helen. "Formulation in Clinical Psychology". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502447.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis includes a literature review, empirical paper, and reflective paper, which explore different aspects of formulation within Clinical Psychology. Chapter one reviews literature to answer the question 'Why Formulate? Why not Formulate?' This review considers the idea that formulation is a defining skill within clinical psychology, before discussing the function, reliability and validity of formulating across differentsituations. Literature suggests that individual differences and client characteristics determine the focus of the formulation, as well as the amount ofinformation shared and how the information is delivered. The basis for not formulating was considered, although it seems to be a tenuous premise to suggest that some clinical psychologists do not formulate just because these' hypotheses are not shared with clients. There is a shortage of evidence to support the notion that formulation is unique to clinical psychology but it is without contention that the skills involved in formulating are integral to the profession. The review raises a number of important research questions, including reaching a better understanding of who does and does not use formulation in everyday practice, comparing the value of formulating and not formulating, and illuminating client's experiences ofreceiving formulations. There are a number ofvalidity considerations to be examined and there is also a shortage of empirical evidence regarding the use offormulation within integrative frameworks. These research questions suggest qualitative analyses in the first instance and it seems likely that in most cases the clients themselves will Chapter two reports the findings of an empirical paper, exploring clients' experience of formulation with the use ofa grounded theory approach to methodology. Views from clients and therapists were sought respectively and the emergent theories highlighted two subtly different models. A linear model was proposed to describe clients' views, detailing a journey of growth. This consisted ofthree core constructs: initial doubt, assimilation and empowerment. Each construct was understood on a continuum to represent the fluctuating nature of the process. A circular model was proposed to describe therapists' views of clients' experience of formulation. Connection with the process, self, and other was thought to result from interaction in the 'dance'. This enabled clients to view formulation as tangible, providing them with the opportunity to integrate the formulation. Integration was thought to continue throughout clients' lives, whereby understanding and connectivity contributed to a reflexive loop of development. Similarities and differences between the models are considered, as are limitations and ideas for future research. Clinical implications are made, and include the use ofthe models to offer guidance to training programmes on the areas on which to focus when teaching formulation. The role of the models in developing measures to assess clients' experiences, to ensure that therapists are focussing on the elements thought to be central to formulations, in addition to reassuring individuals new to the process of formulation is also considered. This study also draws attention to the presentation of a formulation, how it might be used, the audience who might have access to it, and the importance of not forcing a model on a client. Chapter three reports a reflective paper, which consists of therapeutic letters to therapists', clients' and myself. This chapter (and the letters contained within it) is XIII 1111111111'11111 ttl XIV Consideration is made ~fhowmy own training mirrors the models derived from the .........-=.:---.:~--------~.'.-,,-, .U1I I the impact that this research has had on my personal and professional development. empirical paper, alongside reflections on why the topic of formulation was chosen and experiences, interests, beliefs and social identity has shape~ this research. J therefore reflexive, enabling me to reflect upon ways in which my own values experiences, interests, beliefs and social identity has shape~ this research. Consideration is made ~fhowmy own training mirrors the models derived from the .........-=.:---.:~--------~.'.-,,-, .U1I I the impact that this research has had on my personal and professional development. empirical paper, alongside reflections on why the topic of formulation was chosen and the impact that this research has had on my personal and professional development.
20
Owens, David John. "The autonomy of psychology". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670342.
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Amorós, Víctor. "Psychology and humanistic psychotherapy". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 1996. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101795.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is about the origins of rhe humanistic and psychological orientation, its principal characteristics like our capacity to choose and modify our vital situation, to be orienred to the action of the values that give us identity and permit us unroll an active ego that in spite of rhe conditionant influence elaborare a self evolution. Ir analyses the concept of self realization and the way that psychorerapy process takes place.El artículo trata sobre los orígenes del enfoque humanístico psicológico, sus características principales por ejemplo nuestra capacidad de elegir y modificar nuestra situación vital, el estar orientados hacia la realización de valores que nos otorgan identidad y nos permiten desarrollar un yo activo que pese a los influjos condicionantes, elabora su propia evolución. Se analiza el concepto de autorrealización y la manera cómo se lleva a cabo el proceso psicoterapéutico.
22
Tracy, Frederick. "The psychology of childhood /". London : Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37527678w.
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Arico, Adam J. "The New Folk Psychology". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293642.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
How do we recognize that someone is thinking that the train is running late, desiring another cookie, or intending to make coffee? What is the cognitive process by which we come to attribute to another individual the belief, for instance, that Barack Obama is President? For the past few decades, philosophers working on Folk Psychology--i.e., those involved in the study of how people typically form judgments about others’ mental states--have focused largely on questions involving everyday attributions of mentality in terms of intentional states, like beliefs and desires. What I dub ‘the New Folk Psychology’ expands on this tradition to include everyday attributions of phenomenal consciousness (i.e., feelings and experiences). How, that is, do we come to recognize something as being capable of and having phenomenal states, like feeling happy or experience pleasure? The project is organized around three core topics. The first component attempts to identify the process underlying everyday attributions of consciousness. This task is carried out with an eye towards addressing issues in the current folk psychology of consciousness debate, such as whether ordinary psychology incorporates something like the philosopher’s distinction between intentionality and phenomenology. My work (Arico 2010, Arico, et al. 2011) advocates a model of mind-attribution called the Agency Model. According to this model, whenever we represent an entity as having certain properties (for example, facial features), we automatically categorize that thing as an AGENT. This AGENT-categorization then activates a cascade of behavioral dispositions, including the disposition to attribute both intentionality and phenomenology. The second component concerns ways that the process underlying everyday attributions of consciousness might be related to psychological process involved in moral perception. My work to date has focused largely on the question of how it is that we come to see an entity as a moral being, as something that deserves moral consideration and/or is subject to moral evaluation. I argue that existing accounts of such moral perception are based on problematic experimental data (Arico, forthcoming). I then propose an amended Agency Model (Arico, under review), according to which seeing an entity as a moral being--like attributing it consciousness--is a consequence of categorizing that thing as an AGENT. I then utilize this cognitive picture in an attempt to explain the enduring normative ethical debate over which kind of mental capacity most fundamentally grounds moral standing.
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Bitter, James Robert. "Contributions to Adlerian Psychology". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Reflections on the ideas of Adlerian masters. An interview with Heinz Ansbacher / J.R. Bitter and J. West -- On neurosis / J.R. Bitter -- Dreikurs' holistic medicine / C. Nappier Carr and J.R. Bitter -- An interview with Harold Mosak / J.R. Bitter -- Adlerian brief therapy with individuals. Adlerian brief therapy with individuals / J.R. Bitter and W.G. Nicoll -- Relational strategies / J. Bitter and W.G. Nicoll -- Adlerian group counseling. Adlerian group counseling / M.A. Sonstegard and J.R. Bitter -- Counseling children in groups / M.A. Sonstegard and J.R. Bitter --Adlerian couples and family counseling and therapy. Family mapping and family constellations / J.R. Bitter -- Communication styles, personality priorities, and social interest / J. Bitter -- Conscious motivations / J.R. Bitter -- The mistake notions of adults with children / J.R. Bitter -- Two approaches to counseling parents alone / J.R. Bitter -- Human conversations / J.R. Bitter and R. Byrd -- A Study on early recollectons. Early recollections vesus created memory / S.B. Barker and J.R. Bitter -- An Adlerian-feminist approach to therapy. Reclaiming a pro-feminist orientation in Adlerian therapy / J.R. Bitter et al. -- Reconsidering narcissism / J.R. Bitter -- Adlerian therapy and social construction. Integrating narrative therapy with Adlerian lifestyle assessment / J.G. Disque and J.R. Bitter -- Emotion, experience, and early recollections / J.G. Disque and J.R. Bitter -- Final thoughts. Am I an Adlerian? / J.R. Bitter.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1000/thumbnail.jpg
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Bitter, James Robert. "Introduction to Adlerian Psychology". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5244.
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Loebel, Micheal Peter. "The philosophical foundations of Abraham Maslow's psychology some implications for third force psychology". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4777.
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Jackson, Randi D. "Survey of Psychology Professionals on Their Involvement in Sport and Performance Psychology Services". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609073/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study examined professional practice issues in sport psychology such as qualifications, credentialing, graduate training, and the scope of practice in order to address questions about who should be teaching and providing such services. We used frequencies, t-tests, and chi-square analyses to assess trends among licensed psychologists in the subdiscipline of sport psychology. Analyses show that 26.7% (n = 52) reported providing services to individual athletes and 17.9% (n = 35) to teams in which their work focused on directly improving sport performances. Additionally, 58.5% (n = 114) reported providing mental health services to individual athletes and 10.3% (n = 20) to sport teams. These results suggest services provided to individual athletes and groups/teams of athletes seem to emphasize mental health concerns. Regarding supervision, 18.5% (n = 36) indicated they had received supervision related to improving athletes' sport performance and 35.9% (n = 70) for mental health services they had provided. Another 17.5% (n = 34) indicated having provided supervision to other professionals who were working with athletes to improve their sport performance and 40.0% (n = 78) for those who were addressing athletes' mental health. Overall, 26 (13.3%) of the psychologists had published articles concerning sport and performance psychology in scientific journals; men (25.4%) were more likely than women (7.8%) to have done so, X 2 (1) = 11.26, p = .001. Issues related to training, professional involvement, and ethics in this growing field are discussed. Future directions for this research are also explored.
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Bissell, Gavin A. "Spencer's Principles of Psychology and the decline of utilitarian premises in British psychology". The British Psychological Society, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2730.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
YesDespite the revival of interest in nineteenth century psychology and ethics in Britain during the 1980s, and the current debate around Utilitarian ethics in medicine (Buckle, 2005) and care (Offer, 2004), Utilitarian premises, understood as a psychological theory rather than as a moral philosophy, remain largely dormant in contemporary British Psychology. This is so despite their apparent survival in Behaviourism (Plaud & Vogeltanz, 1994). This article examines aspects of their decline within Victorian psychology, by focussing upon the relatively neglected psychological writings of Herbert Spencer. In doing so, it seeks to make a modest contribution to unravelling the complex changes in the nature of nineteenth-century psychology. In particular it is argued that, whilst some explanations of the decline of Utilitarian premises in the Victorian development of psychology focus upon the later part of the century and cultural or institutional factors, an examination of Spencer's works at the mid-century supports the view that changes were under way earlier. Whilst several explanations might be offered for this, changes in economic organisation and in the experience of individual agency are highlighted. The relation between Utilitarian psychology and Utilitarian ethics will then be considered. Finally, at this stage it should be possible to comment upon the significance of the marginalization of Utilitarian premises within the development of Victorian psychology for the contemporary debate about health resource allocation.
ESRC
29
Stout, Dale Arthur. "Statistics in American psychology : the social construction of experimental and correlational psychology, 1900-1930". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26981.
Testo completo
30
Bellamy, Alan Maurice. "Doctor of Counselling Psychology : research undertaken for the award of Doctor of Counselling Psychology". Thesis, City University London, 1998. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7709/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Aim: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a counselling psychology service in primary care. Method: Comparison of SCL-90R and HAD scores of a group of clients in treatment with those of a control group receiving GP-only care, at four points in time; and with scores while waiting for treatment. The design combines elements of an open trial with elements of a randomised controlled trial, although full randomisation was not possible in practice. The results are expressed in terms of numbers of cases and effect size, as well as in terms of test scores, in an attempt to indicate levels of clinical as well as statistical significance. Comparison of number of visits made to general practitioners by participants in each group during the six months before and after treatment. Results: The results indicate that the service was clinically effective: clients improved significantly after treatment on the scales used, the numbers of 'casee decreased significantly, and the number of visits to the general practitioners also dropped. Compared to the control condition, the treated clients did better on all these indicators, but the difference between the two groups was not great enough to show statistical significance at the 0.1% level required by the use of multiple planned tests, or on MANOVA, although on the major indicators (SCL-90R GSI and HAD Depression and Anxiety) significance was reached at the 5% level. The overall effect size was coculated to be 0.32. As it was 15 greater than zero, it indicates that the service's interventions were more effective than GP-care, but the magnitude of the effect was in the small to medium range. Conclusions: The results of the research demonstrate that the counselling psychology service under study was clinically effective. On all indicators used, clients of the service improved over the period of treatment, and did so to a greater extent than patients in the control condition. However the advantage over the control group was not sufficient for statistical significance at the level required, and this is reflected in the relatively moderate effect size.
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Zock, Tanja Henriëtte. "A psychology of ultimate concern : Erik H. Erikson's contribution to the psychology of religion /". Amsterdam : Rodopi, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35486579h.
Testo completo
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Casellas-Grau, Anna. "Positive psychology in breast cancer". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392691.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
RESUM
La present tesi doctoral té l’objectiu d’explorar la relació entre la nova branca de la psicologia anomenada psicologia positiva i l’experiència de passar per un càncer de mama. Aquesta relació és estudiada tan des d’un punt de vista teòric com pràctic. Així, des del punt de vista teòric, proporciona informació sobre quins constructes de la psicologia positiva han estat trobats com a estar significativament relacionats amb viure un càncer de mama. També s’estudia quines variables sociodemogràfiques, mèdiques i psicosocials fomenten l’aparició d’aquestes respostes positives en aquest tipus de població. Aquestes dues àrees teòriques van ser explorades a partir de la metodologia de la revisió sistemàtica, i els resultats van mostrar que les respostes més estudiades i relacionades amb el càncer de mama són el creixement posttraumàtic, el benestar, el sentit i la troballa de beneficis. A més, aquelles dones que tenen unes característiques sociodemogràfiques i mèdiques relacionades amb una percepció més estressant de la malaltia (com, per exemple, menor edat o tractaments més agressius) tendeixen a desenvolupar és respostes positives. D’altra banda, també es va trobar com a rellevant el paper de reducció de l’estrès de variables psicosocials com el suport social o les creences religioses, derivant en majors nivells de funcionament psicològic positiu en les dones.
Pel què fa al punt de vista pràctic, es van explorar aquelles intervencions derivades de la psicologia positiva que havien estat aplicades en dones amb càncer de pit. La metodologia emprada va ser, també, la revisió sistemàtica, i els resultats mostraren que hi ha poques teràpies de la psicologia positiva aplicades en aquest tipus de població, i que aquestes teràpies són heterogènies. Es van distingir cinc grups d’intervencions: intervencions basades en el mindfulness, teràpies promotores del sentit, teràpies psicoespirituals, intervencions basades en l’escriptura d’emocions positives i una teràpia per promoure l’esperança. Donada l’escassetat trobada, es va considerar necessària l’avaluació empírica de l’eficàcia d’una psicoteràpia positiva per a supervivents de càncer amb alts nivells de malestar. Els objectius de la teràpia eren la reducció de símptomes d’estrès a partir de l’augment del creixement posttraumàtic. Els resultats, efectivament, van mostrar que la teràpia complia els seus objectius. En relació al creixement posttraumàtic, també és discutida la seva autenticitat, abordant les dades empíriques en relació a la corroboració per part dels familiars del creixement posttraumàtic dels supervivents de càncer. Realment, els familiars dels supervivents van corroborar el creixement posttraumàtic reportat per aquests.This thesis is aimed at the study of the relationship between the new branch named positive psychology and the experience of undergoing a breast cancer. It is studied from a theoretical, but also a practical perspective. Therefore, from a theoretical point of view, it provides data about which constructs of positive psychology have been studied and found among women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Also, it is explored which sociodemographical, medical and psychosocial variables can promote the emergence of these positive responses among the cited population. These two areas were studied using the systematic review methodology, and results showed that the most studied and found positive responses from the experience of undergoing a breast cancer are posttraumatic growth, well-being, benefit finding and meaning. In addition, those women who had sociodemographical and medical characteristics related with a higher stressful perception of their illness (e.g. younger age, more aggressive treatments) tent to later develop more positive responses. The stress-absorbing role of psychosocial variables like social support and having religious beliefs was also explored and found to be relevant in the latter women’s positive psychological functioning. In regards to the practical point of view, those positive psychology interventions that had been applied on women with breast cancer were searched and analyzed. The used methodology was also a systematic review, and results showed that there were few and heterogeneous positive psychotherapies used among this type of population. Five groups of positive psychotherapies could be distinguished: mindfulness-based psychotherapies, meaning-making interventions, writing about positive emotions, psycho-spiritual interventions, and a hope therapy. Therefore, the empirical exploration of the efficacy of a positive psychotherapy on cancer survivors was found to be necessary. This psychotherapy was aimed at reducing stress symptoms through the promotion of posttraumatic growth in distressed cancer survivors. Results showed that the psychotherapy was capable of both promoting posttraumatic growth and reducing stress symptoms. In regards to posttraumatic growth, it is also discussed about its authenticity. Empirical data showed that the relatives of those who had undergone cancer corroborated the posttraumatic growth reported by the cancer survivors.
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Beaumont, Jennifer. "Doctoral portfolio in Counselling Psychology". Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620465.
Testo completo
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Wilkinson, Susan J. "Constructing a critical feminist psychology". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27126.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The first part of the thesis analyses the conditions for the development of a critical feminist psychology, while the second part exemplifies the practice of a critical feminist psychology in relation to health - specifically breast cancer. The chapters in Part One consider, in turn, the institutional context within which a critical feminist psychology is necessarily located; the theories upon which it might draw; and the methods which it might use, with a particular emphasis on focus group methodology. The chapters in Part Two offer reviews of the feminist and psychosocial literature on breast cancer; and analyses of a data set consisting of thirteen focus group discussions in which women with breast cancer talk about their experiences. The analyses draw upon critical and discursive approaches to examine, in particular, the women's talk about "thinking positive", and about the "causes" of breast cancer.
35
Martell, Diane. "Magical thinking in counselling psychology". Thesis, Regent's University London, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698148.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Aim. This thesis explores how magical thinking is construed by counselling psychologists working in independent practice in Britain. It considers how magical thinking within counselling psychologists relates to working therapeutically with clients who engage in magical thinking. Background. Magical thinking has been widely researched by a number of disciplines. This includes some applied fields of psychology, but not counselling psychology. Method. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in Britain between July 2011 and February 2012. The purposive sample consisted of eight volunteer chartered counselling psychologists occupying different points on the Magical Ideation Scale (Eckblad and Chapman, 1983). Qualitative data analysis was guided by combining van Manen’s (1990,2002) hermeneutic phenomenology and Romanyshyn’s (2007) alchemical hermeneutics. Findings. Six major themes were identified: therapeutic work; identity and belonging; health and illness; art and science; development, evolution, and transition; sacred and secular. Conclusion. All participants to varying degrees demonstrated magical thinking and had worked with it in their clinical practice. However, their talk about it was linked to feelings of stigma and shame, and fear of judgement by others in the profession. Their approach to working with magical thinking was therefore often hidden. As such, lack of open discussion appears widespread. This means this area of practice will lack training and support, and any clear consensus on good practice. Overcoming barriers to discussing magical thinking within counselling psychology therefore seems an important area for future development. This thesis has made an original contribution in opening up that dialogue.
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Rana, Shabbir Ahmad. "The positive psychology of music". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31234.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis concerns the importance, uses and effects of music in everyday life. The first study investigated the importance of music for 1000 Pakistani students. Results indicated that the great majority enjoyed listening to music, which was preferred to most of the other indoor and outdoor activities considered, and listening to and playing music had different perceived benefits. The second study used a variant of the experience sampling method to investigate the uses and experiences of music in the course of everyday life among 200 Pakistanis. Results indicate that the importance of several functions of music depends particularly upon with whom the participant was with and the place where the music was heard. The third study investigated the relationship between listening to music, health and happiness among 301 British and 594 Pakistani students. Results indicated that there were significant positive relationships between time spent listening to music and each of health and happiness. The fourth study investigated the effect of religious music on mental health among 175 Pakistanis hospitalized with psychotic depression. The results indicated that, relative to other types of psychosocial support materials, religious music led to the greatest decrease in depression levels. A fifth study used qualitative methods to investigate the musical peak experiences of six white British and six Pakistani participants. Several similarities were noted in the musical peak experiences of these two groups, suggesting that musical peak experiences may be a universal phenomenon. The sixth study investigated the relationship between musical peak experiences and the general health and level of happiness among 105 British and 115 Pakistani students. Results indicate that peak experiences of music were related positively to health and happiness and that these effects were not mediated by ethnicity.
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Tang, Haw Chon. "Cross-cultural perspectives in psychology /". Title page, contents page and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SSPS/09sspst1641.pdf.
Testo completo
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Shardlow, Nigel. "Externalism : mind, world and psychology". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241300.
Testo completo
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Dixon, Nicola Jane. "The psychology of chronic cough". Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395657.
Testo completo
40
Drake, Kim Elizabeth. "The psychology of interrogative suggestibility". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7992.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis uses structural equation modelling to gain an insight into the psychological mechanism governing individual differences in interrogative suggestibility. It investigates why vulnerable interviewees tend towards a negative mindset before and during interview, which in turn appears to generate the factors that Gudjonsson and Clarke (1986) consider central in eliciting suggestible behaviour during questioning. The research considers the relationship between neuroticism (vulnerability especially) and compliance within the Five-Factor personality model, attachment anxiety and avoidance, the experience of intense negative life events and interrogative suggestibility. The key findings are that: (1) answer shifts on the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (GSS) may sometimes come about through compliance and not suggestibility. Vulnerable interviewees may not always believe the negative feedback given by the interviewer and therefore not feel uncertain about their memory. Uncertainty may not necessarily be a pre-requisite for shifting on the GSS; and (2) Attachment anxiety and avoidance (as well as trait compliance with respect to answer-shifts) is related to an endogenous susceptibility to distress. These factors may be the basis of the negative mindset within vulnerable interviewees, evoking expectations of success, sometimes causing uncertainty, and inducing vulnerable behaviour. Such behaviour may manifest as false statements and confessions during interview.
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Barnett, Alexandra. "Doctoral portfolio in counselling psychology". Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550529.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This portfolio contains a selection of work completed for the Practitioner Doctorate in Counselling Psychology at the University of Wolverhampton. It contains three dossiers: Academic, Therapeutic Development and Research. The Academic Dossier contains papers that were submitted for the following • modules: 'Life-span Approach' and 'Issues and Ethics'. The Therapeutic Development Dossier contains an essay exploring three years of placements ('Supervised Practice') and an essay reflecting on my professional development (,Professional Issues'). Finally, the Research Dossier contains a literature review, a research report and critical appraisal. Confidentiality of clients, research participants and their families have been protected throughout the portfolio. Individuals' names and places have been changed and any potentially identifying information has been omitted or anonymised. Client studies, process reports and all raw data (including interview transcripts) are available in the Confidential Attachment which has been submitted separately and is not available to the public. The work within this portfolio demonstrates my journey from a theory-led, orientation-specific therapist to a client-led, integrative therapist who is continually learning and growing. Within the preface I hope to apply Prochaska and DiClemente's (1986) Stages of Change Theory to my own journey to help demonstrate this change (see Figure 1 below). This is a model I have increasingly attempted to use to inform my therapeutic practice, along with Egan's Skilled Helper Model (2002). The Stages of Change model provides a framework through which we can understand the different stages an individual goes through during the process of any change in attitudes, beliefs and behaviour. The notion of the stages demonstrates that for most a change in behaviour occurs gradually and over time. It must also be recognised that this is a dynamic process and that an individual can move between the stages at different rates and also return to earlier stages. When reflecting on my time completing the Doctorate, I feel that during the last three years I have changed in many areas of my life. My therapeutic stante, my way of interacting with clients and my understanding of working with different client groups have all gone through a process of change which I feel fits in with the Stages of Change model. The work throughout this portfolio will hopefully exhibit how changes have occurred and have helped me become the Counselling Psychologist I am today.
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Parveen, Nazia. "Oscar Wilde and Victorian psychology". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10387.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines Oscar Wilde’s theories of art in connection with specific debates ongoing in Victorian psychology as it emerged in the periodical press. By cross examining Wilde’s periodical contributions with psychological theories, concepts and discussions disseminated through periodicals this thesis offers a contextual account of Wilde’s creativity. Scholars generally look to Wilde’s Oxford Notebooks to gain an insight into his interaction with scientific culture. While the notebooks are an invaluable source to scholars they only cover Wilde’s learning in the 1870s and therefore exclude the influential context of the 1880s when he was engaged as a journalist for numerous periodicals and newspapers. Chapter one will demonstrate how reading Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray alongside neighbouring articles in the Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine reveals the hidden context of psychology in which the editors of the issue attempted to establish the text. The second chapter explores Wilde’s engagement in the disputes over psychological nomenclature alongside the psychology of George Henry Lewes, James Sully and other contributors. The third chapter will investigate the network in which Wilde’s reviewing for the Pall Mall Gazette established him. Wilde’s exchanges with aesthetic theorists and fellow reviewers Sully and Grant Allen will also be documented. The fourth chapter will demonstrate how Wilde creatively engaged with theories of atomism, emotionalist psychology and physiological aesthetics. The final chapter will examine the ethical questions posed by Wildean aesthetics in relation to scientific naturalism. Wilde originally communicated his theories through periodicals but also delivered lectures (which were reported in magazines), as well as eventually transforming his periodical articles into book publications. While this thesis places the onus on the periodical formats of Wilde’s texts, his lectures and revised editions of his writings will also be examined where relevant.
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Naidoo, Delan. "Challenging normativity in counselling psychology". Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.649960.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Controlled drug use is a phenomenon that has been described by previous researchers. There are few such studies which explore the clubbing or gay/bisexual populations . Research frequently looking at gay/bisexual men's drug-taking fails to acknowledge the possibilities of controlled drug use. This study takes a qualitative approach to the data in an attempt to explore the phenomenon as it exists. Eight men who identified as gay/bisexual and took drugs on a controlled basis participated in semi-structured inteNiews. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data which indicated master themes emerging from the participants' communicated experiences. These themes related to intra-psychic; identity/interpersonal interaction; and temporal processes. Results show that not all gay/bisexual men's drug use follows a usage-addiction pattern and that controlled drug use is possible. Participants indicated that they were able to control their drug use through an interaction of personality traits, social factors and self-knowledge or monitoring. It is posited that the research enhances the understanding of controlled drug use, especially within the gay/bisexual clubbing sub-culture. Furthermore, it clarifies strategies that could be useful for other drug-taking populations who wish to control their drug use. The cycle of and the reasons for the drug-taking behaviour are possible routes for further research.
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Kalra, Rashmi. "Counselling psychology of disclosure practices". Thesis, City University London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507426.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis comprises four sections which are as follows: a preface, a critical literature review, an empirical research study and a case study. The first section provides an introduction to the thesis. Within this section, I highlight how the evolution and construction of the research area facilitated the development of the other components within this thesis. I also illustrate how the structure of the sections within this thesis demonstrates the evolution of the research topic area. Finally, I comment upon the writing style I have adopted within this thesis. The critical literature review explores the current status of sex offender treatment programmes within the UK, and the implications this has upon the rehabilitation of rapists. Within this review, I critically explore the literature which details the theoretical underpinnings and effectiveness of sex offender treatment programmes within prison and community settings. I argue that the rapist is a distinct type of sex offender who requires specific, tailored treatment interventions. I attempt to review whether or not the specific rehabilitative needs of the rapist are being addressed within the current status of sex offender treatment programmes. In the empirical research study, I adopt a social constructionist epistemology which is informed by a critical realist position. I explore the discourses of unmarried secondgeneration South Asian women, with regard to their disclosure processes within their families and communities. I questioned four unmarried South Asian women using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and the women's talk was analysed by a method of discourse analysis. The analysis of the women's talk revealed four discourses of disclosure practices: political discourse, disparity discourse, conflict discourse and discourse of individualism and collectivism. Further analysis of the emerging discourses revealed various subject positions and implications for subjectivity and practice. The research study concludes with a section detailing reflections and recommendations for practice emerging from the analysis of the women's discourse. The case study is a reflexive exploration of therapeutic work with a South Asian female client. In this case study, I illustrate working within a cognitive behavioural approach whilst facilitating the client's disclosure within therapy. I also highlight how the therapeutic relationship is affected by the client's disclosure processes.
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Daniel, Teresa Ruth. "The economic psychology of saving". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244307.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Saving is viewed as deferred consumption and studied within the framework of intertemporal choice. The literature, drawn from psychology, economics and economic psychology, suggests that whilst there have been many theoretical references to the relationship between individual differences associated with intertemporal decision-making and saving, and these individual difference variables have been studied in relation to other behaviour, there is a lack of empirical research investigating their relationship with saving. The particular variables of interest are delay of gratification, time preference (impatience), self control, impulsiveness and consideration of future consequences. This thesis presents a series of empirical studies which used carefully constructed or selected measures to investigate the relationship between individual differences associated with intertemporal decision-making and saving. A variety of methods were used. The first two studies measured delay of gratification using a behavioural choice paradigm and investigated its relationship with saving. The next three studies measured a construct known as the consideration of future consequences and examined its relationship with saving. In-depth interviews, focusing on impulsiveness and impatience provided a more realistic investigation of the personality structure of delay, and aided the development of quantitative measures of impulsiveness. Secondary analysis of Dutch panel data enabled the hypotheses to be tested with a larger dataset and shifts in assets as a measure of saving. The group of studies culminated in a postal survey of married couple households, allowing a multivariate investigation of all the individual difference constructs which had been developed and investigated. This final study also addressed issues such as the relative influence of psychological data from both spouses in a decision-making unit. The results are discussed throughout the thesis in the light of their implications for psychology, economics, policy-making and marketing, as well as for economic psychology. The main contributions are some new measures of theoretically relevant individual difference constructs, which will require further testing in order to prove their worth
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Robertson, Toby Andrew. "The social psychology of contradictions". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337682.
Testo completo
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Sifferd, Katrina Lee. "Psychology and the criminal law". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412928.
Testo completo
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Lau, Yen-fong. "Belief in semantics and psychology". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11688.
Testo completo
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Yeo, Tien Ee Dominic. "The psychology of social media". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609065.
Testo completo
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Sani, Fabio. "The social psychology of schisms". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664751.
Testo completo