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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Psychiatry"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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1

Sivolap, Yury P., e Anna A. Portnova. "Psychiatric knowledge in Russia: domestic traditions or scientific facts?" Neurology Bulletin LII, n. 2 (19 ottobre 2020): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb34634.

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Russian and world psychiatry are characterized by significant differences: the first can be called as the psychiatry of domestic traditions, and the second one as the psychiatry of scientific facts. Russian psychiatry is marked by emphatic devotion to national theoretical schools, an appeal in scientific discussions to the authority of famous psychiatrists of the past, a tendency to speculative psychopathological constructions, the use of archaic psychiatric terms with unclear content, insufficient attention to the principles of evidence-based medicine, or even outright disregard for these principles. The natural consequences of Russian psychiatrys traditionalism are the arbitrariness of psychiatric diagnosis and the frequent use of medicines and treatment methods without proper evidence of their effectiveness and safety.

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2

Prince, Raymond H. "Transcultural Psychiatry: Personal Experiences and Canadian Perspectives". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 45, n. 5 (giugno 2000): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370004500502.

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In the mid-1950s, a unique section of transcultural psychiatric studies was established within the McGill Department of Psychiatry. These personal recollections describe the backgrounds, methods, and motivations of those most involved and suggest why such a specialized study should have emerged in Canada and at McGill. Some of the major controversies and developments in the field are explored, focusing on the question of culture-bound syndromes and their occasional biological underpinnings. The relevance of transcultural psychiatry to psychiatric practice is discussed. La psychiatrie transculturelle: experiences vécues et perspectives canadiennes

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3

van Praag, H. M. "Biological psychiatry marching towards the future and the perils of progress". Acta Neuropsychiatrica 3, n. 3 (settembre 1991): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924270800034190.

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SummaryThe study of the biological determinants of abnormal behavior is not anymore psychiatry's stepchild, but a respected branch of that discipline. There is every reason to be optimistic over the future of biological psychiatry. The brain sciences are developing with astounding speed and the systematic attention for psychiatric-diagnosis and differential diagnosis renders biological psychiatry an unprecedented vitality.One should, however, not ignore some disquieting prospects. The following points of concern are discussed: the alarming shortage of young research psychiatrists; the deficiencies in the teaching of biological psychiatry; the hesitancy to utilize the fruits of brain and behavior research in clinical practice; the shortcomings in psychiatric diagnosing; nosological tunnel vision and, finally, the danger of overrating biological psychiatry with the inevitable disappointment reaction that will follow. The scientific maturation of psychiatry is contingent on a balanced development of its constituents.

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4

Soni, Som D., Alan Tait, Sally Pidd e David P. Goldberg. "Multi-district Rotational Schemes for Post-graduate Trainees in Psychiatry". Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 11, n. 1 (gennaio 1987): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900023993.

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The exercise of hospital accreditation by the Royal College of Psychiatrists has resulted in a significant improvement in the standards of psychiatric training in this country.1 The North West, more than any other region, adopted the policy of District General Hospital psychiatry2 in the sixties which had the effect of creating small psychiatric units, unable to muster enough resources, to provide comprehensive training programmes by themselves. These developments have highlighted the problems of organising viable rotational schemes for training in psychiatry.3,4,5

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5

Knowles, Caroline. "Afro Caribbeans and Schizophrenia: How Does Psychiatry Deal With Issues of Race, Culture and Ethnicity?" Journal of Social Policy 20, n. 2 (aprile 1991): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400018705.

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the various ways in which British Afro Caribbeans are disadvantaged in their encounter with psychiatry. It suggests that far from being monolithic and institutional, racism must be deconstructed and traced to the actions, practices and procedure involved in specific encounters. The procedures of psychiatry are examined through the discourses of psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. From this analysis it is suggested that psychiatry's relationship to Afro Caribbean populations in Britain arises from the ways in which psychiatry conceptualises notions of ethnicity, race and cultural difference, as well as ways in which it organises and reproduces itself as a form of therapeutic intervention.

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6

Vogel, L. Z. "Neue Psychiatrie (New Psychiatry)". International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 44, n. 3 (luglio 1994): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1994.11490764.

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7

O'Nell, Theresa D. "Psychiatric Anthropology and Psychiatry". Anthropology News 38, n. 2 (febbraio 1997): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/an.1997.38.2.17.1.

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8

Glancy, Graham D. "Book Review: Forensic Psychiatry: Forensic Psychiatry: Forensic Psychiatric Evidence". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47, n. 7 (settembre 2002): 681–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204700715.

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9

McKelvey, Robert S., David L. Sang e Hoang Cam Tu. "Is There a Role for Child Psychiatry in Vietnam?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, n. 1 (febbraio 1997): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073807.

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Objectives:(i) To describe the need for child psychiatric services in Vietnam; (ii) to review child psychiatry's present role within the Vietnamese health care system; (iii) to identify cultural, economic and manpower obstacles to the development of child mental health services; and (iv) to recommend a course for the future development of child psychiatry in Vietnam. Method:The existing literature relevant to the Vietnamese health and mental health care systems, traditional practices and beliefs regarding health and mental health, and the current status of psychiatry and child psychiatry in Vietnam was reviewed. In addition, discussions regarding these topics, and the future of child psychiatry in Vietnam, were held with leading Vietnamese health and mental health professionals. Results:The current role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited by the health care system's focus on infectious diseases and malnutrition, and by cultural, economic and manpower factors. Treatment is reserved for the most severely afflicted, especially patients with epilepsy and mental retardation. Specialised care is available in only a few urban centres. In rural areas treatment is provided by allied health personnel, paraprofessionals and community organisations. Conclusions:While the present role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited, it can still make important contributions. These include:research defining the need for child and adolescent mental health services, identifying priority child psychiatric disorders and assessing the effectiveness of priority disease treatment; and training to enhance the skills of primary health care providers in the treatment of priority disorders.

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10

Kleinman, Arthur. "Anthropology and Psychiatry". British Journal of Psychiatry 151, n. 4 (ottobre 1987): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.4.447.

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To illustrate the contribution anthropology can make to cross-cultural and international research in psychiatry, four questions have been put to the cross-cultural research literature and discussed from an anthropological point of view: ‘To what extent do psychiatric disorders differ in different societies?’ ‘Does the tacit model of pathogenicity/pathoplasticity exaggerate the biological aspects of cross-cultural findings and blur their cultural dimensions?’ ‘What is the place of translation in cross-cultural studies?’ and ‘Does the standard format for conducting cross-cultural studies in psychiatry create a category fallacy?’ Anthropology contributes to each of these concerns an insistence that the problem of cross-cultural validity be given the same attention as the question of reliability, that the concept of culture be operationalised as a research variable, and that cultural analysis be applied to psychiatry's own taxonomies and methods rather than just to indigenous illness beliefs of native populations.

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11

Roche, Sean. "Physical and mental illnesses: implications of similarities and differences for services and law". International Psychiatry 10, n. 2 (maggio 2013): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600003684.

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It appears self-evident that psychiatry should be classified as a particular specialty within the broader field of medicine. Psychiatrists, being first and foremost doctors, have undertaken an identical basic training to their physician and surgical peers and, as in general medicine and surgery, the biomedical model is a central pillar of psychiatric practice. Within psychiatry, signs and symptoms are elicited, diagnoses made and very often physical interventions (in the form of psychotropic agents) are employed. However, familiar institutional conventions can conceal the fact that psychiatry suffers from greater uncertainty regarding its conceptual foundations than other fields of medicine. In fact, the conceptual challenges arising within psychiatry are reflected in its thriving field of philosophy, and although there exists a dedicated philosophy of medicine, no other specialty is equal to psychiatry's breadth of conceptual debate.

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12

Sebbane, D. "Identité professionnelle de l’interne en psychiatrie : résultats de l’enquête de l’AFFEP auprès des internes". European Psychiatry 28, S2 (novembre 2013): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.205.

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« L’interne de psychiatrie n’est pas là par hasard », « il préfère la littérature à la science ! », « il a raté l’Examen Classant National non… ? » Voilà nombre de représentations qui sous-tendent les nombreux préjugés portés sur les jeunes psychiatres en formation et qui semblent questionner les motivations pour l’exercice de la profession. La psychiatrie semble en effet être une spécialité médicale « à part », qui se distingue des autres par sa spécificité et l’originalité de sa pratique. Les internes de psychiatrie se distinguent-ils tout autant de leurs confrères ? Aucune étude ne s’est encore intéressée au profil identitaire du jeune psychiatre en formation, pourtant les représentations, parfois stigmatisantes, sont nombreuses bien que non objectivées. Alors aujourd’hui, pourquoi devient-on psychiatre ? Quelle est la spécificité des contours de la photographie socio-démographique de l’interne en psychiatrie ? Existe-t-il des prédispositions ou des facteurs communs à ceux qui se destinent à devenir psychiatre ? Aussi, comment l’interne en psychiatrie se projette-t-il dans l’exercice de son futur métier ? Pouvons-nous dresser une esquisse de ce que sera le paysage de la pratique des psychiatres à l’avenir ? Voilà autant de questions auxquelles l’Association Fédérative Française des Étudiants de Psychiatrie (AFFEP) a tenté de répondre à travers une enquête nationale menée auprès de 1299 internes dont 760 internes de psychiatrie, 253 internes de médecine générale, 124 internes d’anesthésie-réanimation, 60 internes de neurologie et 45 internes de chirurgie orthopédique. La méthodologie a consisté en l’envoi d’un questionnaire anonyme par mail à tous les internes français inscrits sur les mailing-listes nationales des cinq spécialités citées. Les résultats de cette enquête viennent certes confirmer quelques idées mais en bousculent aussi beaucoup d’autres.

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Kochański, Artur, e Andrzej Cechnicki. "Opinions of Polish psychiatrists on psychiatry and their own professional role". Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii 27, n. 1 (2018): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2018.74325.

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14

Krasnov, V. N. "Psychiatry in Russia". Die Psychiatrie 11, n. 01 (gennaio 2014): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1670736.

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SummaryRussian psychiatry has dramatic history, and till now is at a transitional stage of development. It is facing the problems not only common in world psychiatry, but also specific for the Eastern Europe, in particular for Russia. Starting from the beginning of 1990s considerable changes have occurred in psychiatry, especially after 1992 when “The law on psychiatric care and guarantees of citizens rights in its provision was adopted”. It became the ideological and legislative basis for reforms. However there are the definite obstacles for structural reforms in psychiatry. They are as follows: unfavourable technical conditions in many psychiatric clinics, hypercentralization of psychiatric services, shortage of clinical psychologists and social workers in psychiatry, some difficulties in cooperation between psychiatric and general medical institutions. Economic difficulties of the transition period of Russia’s social development prevent overcoming these problem. They are being actively discussed and part of them is being gradually solved, e.g. organization of team work in mental health services, increasing number of specialists on social work, involvement of NGO’s in psychosocial rehabilitation.

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15

Dervaux, A. "Connaissances cliniques : l’apport du numérique". European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembre 2015): S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.064.

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Comment le numérique peut aider le psychiatre dans sa pratique clinique : résultats des recherches récentes, informations utiles en pratique clinique ? De nombreuses ressources sont aujourd’hui disponibles sur Internet : revues de psychiatrie : toutes les revues nationales et internationales sont accessibles sur Internet . De nombreuses sont accessibles gratuitement 6 mois ou un an après parution. Leurs tables des matières peuvent être envoyées régulièrement sur abonnement gratuit. Sites d’informations spécialisés : certains abordent des sujets d’actualité, tels que Medscape Psychiatry (http://www.medscape.org/psychiatry), d’autres sont spécialisés, par exemple sur le cerveau (http://lecerveau.mcgill.ca/), la CIM-10 (http://www.icd10.ch/index.asp), les médicaments allongeant le QT (http://www.qtdrugs.org/), ou utilisés lors de la grossesse (http://www.lecrat.org/). Congrès : beaucoup mettent à disposition des comptes rendus ou des interventions filmées, en podcast ou en streaming, par exemple les congrès de l’ECNP (http://www.ecnp-congress.eu/), de l’EPA (http://www.epa-congress.org/), du Congrès français de psychiatrie (CFP) (http://www.congresfrancaispsychiatrie.org/), du Congrès de l’encéphale (http://www.encephale.com). Sites institutionnels : http://www.inserm.fr/, http://www.has-sante.fr/ ou des bibliothèques de l’université Paris Descartes (http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr) ou du CHU de Rouen (http://www.cismef.org/). Sites d’associations professionnelles : certaines mettent à disposition des guidelines ou des conférences de consensus, par exemple, l’Association française de psychiatrie biologique et neuropsychopharmacologie (http://www.afpbn.org/), l’Association française fédérative des étudiants en psychiatrie (http://www.affep.fr/), la World Psychiatric Association (http://www.wpanet.org/). Réseaux sociaux : ils permettent d’interagir avec d’autres professionnels, par exemple sur LinkedIn ou avec d’autres chercheurs sur Research Gate (http://www.researchgate.net/). Blogs : ils sont maintenant un moyen de communication très répandu, par exemple les blogs d’actualités médicales de Jean Yves Nau, ancien chroniqueur santé du Monde pendant 30 ans (jeanyvesnau.com), celui d’Hervé Maisonneuve (http://www.h2mw.eu/redactionmedicale) sur la rédaction médicale et scientifique. Sites destinés aux patients : 80 % d’entre eux ont consulté Internet à la recherche d’informations sur la santé . Certains sites peuvent être conseillés aux patients et leurs familles, par exemple celui de PSYCOM, d’information sur la santé mentale (http://www.psycom75.org/) .

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16

Roy, J. "Psychiatric Residents and Geriatric Psychiatry". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 31, n. 9 (dicembre 1986): 797–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378603100901.

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17

Paredes, Jaime, Dale Beyerstein, Barry Ledwidge e Claudio Kogan. "Psychiatric Ethics and Ethical Psychiatry*". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 35, n. 7 (ottobre 1990): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379003500707.

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18

Boomsma, Dorret I. "Psychiatric Genetics (Review of Psychiatry)". Twin Research and Human Genetics 9, n. 2 (1 aprile 2006): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/183242706776382473.

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Shepherd, M. "Psychiatric epidemiology and epidemiological psychiatry." American Journal of Public Health 75, n. 3 (marzo 1985): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.75.3.275.

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Barton, Walter E. "Psychiatry's commitment to public psychiatry". New Directions for Mental Health Services 1991, n. 49 (1991): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yd.23319914909.

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21

Cooksey, Elizabeth C., e Phil Brown. "Spinning on its Axes: DSM and the Social Construction of Psychiatric Diagnosis". International Journal of Health Services 28, n. 3 (luglio 1998): 525–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1c4d-b7xt-blly-wh4x.

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Through a critical examination of the psychiatric profession's heavy reliance on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the authors explore the central role of diagnosis in the theory and practice of psychiatry. The set of beliefs that have guided the psychiatric profession since the creation of DSM-III are viewed as being tied to the new extension of the biopsychiatric medical model. From a sociological perspective, the authors address the issue of psychiatric nosology with reference to practice styles and professional dominance, and consider the impact of DSM's intrinsic social biases both within and outside psychiatry's traditionally drawn boundaries. They conclude that working solely within the confines of a medical framework of diagnosis, with little attention to the wider social and cultural contexts that should surround diagnostic practice, psychiatry will be unable to understand and explain the changing needs of its clientele.

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Pajor, Patrycja. "Psychiatry in the time of the pandemic. Is COVID-19 changing the discipline?" Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii 30, n. 2 (2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.108475.

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23

Fahy, Sabina T., e Brian A. Lawlor. "Liaison psychiatry in old age practice". Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 12, n. 1 (febbraio 2002): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259802012170.

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Liaison psychiatry, a term that is sometimes used interchangeably with consultation-liaison psychiatry, refers to the interface between psychiatry and general hospital patients and specialists. It involves psychiatrists’ intervention in the care of medically ill patients who present with psychiatric symptoms whilst in a general hospital setting. It may also involve assessment of patients who have pre-existing psychiatric illness or those who develop psychiatric symptoms because of their medical or surgical illness (e.g. coping with bad news).

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Moncrieff, Joanna. "Co-opting psychiatry: The alliance between academic psychiatry and the pharmaceutical industry". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 16, n. 3 (settembre 2007): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00002268.

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AbstractThe Editorial present the arguments that an alliance between academic psychiatry and the pharmaceutical industry is harmful through a critical review of the academic literature and media coverage of activities of the pharmaceutical industry. The industry and the psychiatric profession both gain advantages from promoting biomedical models of psychiatric disturbance and pharmacological treatment. This confluence of interests has lead to the exaggeration of the efficacy of psychiatric drugs and neglect of their adverse effects and has distorted psychiatric knowledge and practice. Academic psychiatry has helped the industry to colonise more and more areas of modern life in order to expand the market for psychotropic drugs. Persuading people to understand their problems as biological deficiencies obscures the social origin and context of distress and prevents people from seeking social or political solutions. Psychiatry has the power to challenge the dominance of the pharmaceutical industry and should put its efforts into developing alternatives to routine drug treatment. Psychiatry needs to disengage from the industry if it wants to make genuine advances in understanding psychiatric disorder and help reverse the harmful social consequences of the widening medicalisation of human experience.

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Kaligis, Fransiska, Ribka Hillary, Nabilla Merdika Putri Kusuma, Helisa Rachel Patricie Sianipar, Camilla Sophi Ramadhanti, Ardi Findyartini, Madhyra Tri Indraswari, Clarissa Cita Magdalena e Garda Widhi Nurraga. "Medical students’ attitudes toward psychiatry in Indonesia". PLOS ONE 17, n. 3 (24 marzo 2022): e0265605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265605.

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Nearly two-thirds of psychiatric patients are reluctant to seek help from healthcare professionals due to stigma, discrimination, and negligence that evolve around the community, including healthcare providers. Future health professionals should have a positive attitude toward psychiatry and patients with mental health problems. Thus, it is vital to identify medical students’ attitudes toward psychiatry as future healthcare providers. The authors conducted a cross-sectional study by using online questionnaires of “Perceptions of Psychiatry” in Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, with first- and fourth-year students (before psychiatric rotation), as well as fifth-year students and alumni (after psychiatric rotation). Out of 250 questionnaires distributed, 224 subjects responded, with a response rate 89.6%. Chi-square or fisher analysis was conducted to know the correlation between gender and attitudes towards psychiatry. The frequency distribution method was applied to identify the degree of stigmatization from respondents. A mix of positive and negative perceptions towards psychiatry was identified. The overall response was favorable to both before and after psychiatric rotation groups. Differences in perceptions between male and female psychiatry students as a discipline and career were statistically significant. Correcting misapprehension and removing the stigma on psychiatry during medical education might decrease the stigma in the psychiatric field and patients.

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Orsolini, L., D. Papanti, A. Valchera, R. Vecchiotti, J. Corkery e F. Schifano. "Is addiction medicine part of psychiatry?" European Psychiatry 33, S1 (marzo 2016): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.810.

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Addiction medicine/psychiatry, a medical subspecialty founded on October 1991 by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, was granted as subspecialty within psychiatry. It mainly deals with medical assessment, diagnosis and treatment of subjects who suffer from an addiction (i.e. drug and/or alcohol addiction; gambling; sexual addiction; game addiction; and so on). Addiction psychiatry also deals with subjects in dual diagnosis, i.e. individuals with addiction issues along with co-occurring psychiatric disorders. However, despite its well established “dignity” to be part of psychiatry, most mental health's professionals believe that it is not a primarily psychiatric field due to the frequent co-occurrence of internistic/medical issues. In addition, the situation of psychiatric training specifically addressed to addiction is widely diversified across the European countries. Therefore, most psychiatrists do not possess specific qualifications and formation on this increasing field of psychiatry. The present lecture aims at providing an insight into the issues related to the diatribe between psychiatry and medicine on addiction medicine/psychiatry, specifically focusing on differences across European countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Pereira, S. M., J. Bohun e S. Guimarães. "Psychiatry, politics and national socialism". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzo 2011): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72467-1.

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IntroductionThe misuse of psychiatry by politics during dictatorships has mainly happened in the first half of the last century during the Third Reich and Stalinist period in Soviet Union. Even today the psychiatric diagnoses may be changed in an abusive way for politic purposes as they were in the past. This may undermine the credibility of psychiatry. The psychiatric professional organizations only recently start to discuss and investigate this issue.MethodsThe authors made a literature review in historic and psychiatric books. They also visited some memorial sites were psychiatry and dictatorship were sadly connected in history. Using as main example the abuse made by psychiatrists as a politic instrument in the Third Reich period, the authors aim to make a historic review about the relationship between psychiatry and politics.ConclusionAbuse and misuse in psychiatry may also easily be done nowadays. Psychiatry is a science with not so clear boundaries, what is normal or abnormal may be sometimes unclear mainly if not seen in a serious and ethic perspective. Because of this psychiatrists should be very clear about their position in ethics, science and society.The psychiatric professional organizations should face the facts of the tragic relationship between psychiatry and politics in history, discussing this issue more openly for an appropriate understanding of the past and for preventing new errors in the future.

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Kingstone, Edward. "Book Review: General Psychiatry: Reel Psychiatry: Movie Portrayals of Psychiatric Conditions". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50, n. 11 (ottobre 2005): 736–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370505001116.

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ORDOÑA, TRUCE TANEO. "Psychiatry as a Neuroscience Psychiatric Diagnosis and Classification Psychiatry in Society". American Journal of Psychiatry 160, n. 11 (novembre 2003): 2069—a—2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.2069-a.

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Savchenko, Viktor O. "Dynamics of civil law relations in psychiatry". Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, n. 2 (2020): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202002135.

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The article deals with the problems of the dynamics of civil law relations in psychiatry. Special attention is paid to the order and peculiarities of emerging, developing and terminating civil law relations in psychiatry. The author conducted a research of normative-legal acts and scientific doctrine on legal regulation issues in psychiatry. The article considers the grounds for providing psychiatric medical services, the order of compulsory and voluntary treatment of psychiatric illnesses, describes the situation when a patient can refuse from psychiatric assistance. The author suggests division of patients, requiring psychiatric assistance, into 4 groups., consideres the order of registrating the patient’s refusal from psychiatric help.

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Tyrer, Peter. "The place of theBritish Journal of Psychiatryin the mental health league". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, n. 3 (settembre 2010): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00001093.

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AbstractTheBritish Journal of Psychiatryis an independent mainstream general psychiatric journal that competes reasonably well with others in the field. It does so by keeping a healthy balance between the demands of its readers, its contributors and the need for good science. It publishes an eclectic mix of original articles, reviews, editorials, reappraisals, comment, opinion and extras, the latter including poetry, short summaries, literature and psychiatry, and a touch of humour. These contributions are not always in keeping with the harsh requirements of the impact factor, but we judge that this makes for a better all-round journal that advances psychiatry in all its manifold aspects and is anything but dull.

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Berger-Vergiat, A. "AFFEP - les internes face au poids des responsabilités". European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.143.

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La judiciarisation actuelle de la société impacte sans conteste l’exercice médical. La psychiatrie, jusque-là relativement épargnée par ce mouvement sociétal, voit depuis quelques années sa pratique modifiée par une préoccupation médico-légale accrue. La nécessaire introduction de l’autorité judiciaire dans le contrôle des hospitalisations psychiatriques sans consentement par la loi du 5 juillet 2011 a été un point marquant de ce processus. Aussi, les récentes condamnations ou mises en examen de psychiatres pour homicide involontaire suite à des actes médico-légaux commis par leur patient sont à même de changer en profondeur l’exercice des psychiatres notamment face à des patients potentiellement dangereux. Les internes, jeunes psychiatres en formation, ne sont pas épargnés par cette question. La dernière enquête de l’Association fédérative française des étudiants en psychiatrie (AFFEP) sur le profil identitaire de l’interne en psychiatrie, nous apprend que plus d’un tiers d’entre eux craignent une condamnation judiciaire dans l’exercice de leur futur métier. Il s’agit de l’appréhension la plus forte des internes après la crainte d’une submersion administrative relative à l’excès de « paperasse ».Devant tous ces changements, l’AFFEP a souhaité aborder la question de la responsabilité du médecin psychiatre sous plusieurs angles. Le premier orateur présentera les résultats définitifs de l’enquête nationale AFFEP 2014 menée sur ce thème, rapportant ainsi le regard des internes, leurs craintes et les éventuelles répercussions sur leur pratique quotidienne. Le Dr Zagury, expert psychiatre auprès de la cour d’appel de Paris, exposera ensuite les évolutions récentes des expertises judiciaires et notamment la thématique actuelle de la prédictibilité de la dangerosité des patients souffrant de troubles mentaux. Enfin, le troisième orateur, juriste, abordera ce sujet sous un angle plus pratique et pragmatique en présentant les closes de la responsabilité médicale incombant à tout psychiatre dès le début de sa carrière.

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Sadykov, Evgenii, Jan Studnička, Ladislav Hosák, Mikela-Rafaella Siligardou, Hajer Elfurjani, Jessica Leung Hoikam, Surentheran Kugananthan, Anastasios Petrovas e Talal Amjad. "The Interface Between Psychiatry and Ophthalmology". Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 62, n. 2 (2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2019.104.

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Objective: The aim of this article is to review the interface between psychiatry and ophthalmology at several levels, such as the influence of psychopharmacology on eye disorders, the occurrence of psychiatric symptoms in eye diseases, and the neuroophthalmological examination methods supporting the validity of psychiatric diagnoses. Materials and Methods: We searched the PubMed computer database for the key words “Psychiatry” and “Ophthalmology” on the 28th of August, 2018 to obtain relevant articles which were consequently summarized. Results: The results showed that most patients with ocular disease simultaneously have one or more psychiatric symptoms. We also found a prevalence of eye-related side effects in patients who use psychiatric drugs. At the same time, we observed that some ophthalmology methods of diagnostics can be used as diagnostic tools in psychiatry. Conclusions: Most studies showed a significant relation between psychiatry and ophthalmology, such as eye symptoms and diseases following long-term use of psychotropics as well as psychiatric symptoms and syndromes in patients with eye disorders. Our review may be beneficial to psychiatrists, ophthalmologists, and, last but not least, the patients themselves.

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34

Al-Issa, Ihsan. "Psychiatry in Algeria". Psychiatric Bulletin 13, n. 5 (maggio 1989): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.13.5.240.

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In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the development of psychiatry in the Arab countries. Several reports have dealt with psychiatric problems in Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia (Al-Issa & Al-Issa, 1970; Kline, 1963; Dubovsky, 1983). Two general reviews have also dealt with major psychiatric research in the Arab Middle East (El-Islam, 1982; Racy, 1970). However, the countries surveyed have been under British and American influence and tend to follow the Anglo-Saxon psychiatric model. Little attention has been given to North African Arab countries which follow the French and franco-phone approach to psychiatry.

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35

Park, Seon-Cheol. "Psychiatry in South Korea". Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry 37, n. 4 (2023): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_35_23.

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Abstract Background: Although the history of psychiatry has been relatively short, psychiatry has been progressively developed through Westernization to assimilate into the psychiatric practices and research of developed countries. Psychiatry in South Korea has followed the above-described rule. In this review, I am describing the picture of psychiatric practice in South Korea for the readership of the Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry. Methods: In this review, I am planning to introduce a brief history of psychiatry in South Korea first, to describe the current status of mental health-care services, and to highlight special programs to deal with special psychiatric issues in South Korea. Results: A three-layer hierarchical system (including [a] the Ministry of Health and Welfare, [b] the Metropolitan City or Province, as well as [c] the City, County, or District), has been organized in South Korea. With the complete revision of the Act on Mental Health and Welfare in 2016, the processes and requisites of psychiatric hospitalization or admission have been complicated. As a result, based on the Penrose hypothesis, deinstitutionalization has been regarded as one of the causative factors for “trans-institutionalization.” Thus, it has been suggested that the policies for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric persons should be controlled at a national level. South Korea has presented herself to have the highest suicide death rate in 2021 among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. Hence, “Suicide CARE” has been originally developed as a gatekeeper program in Korea. Furthermore, the economically weak have undergone more severe psychiatric difficulties, even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, proactive care measures to secondary emotional reaction of the COVID-19 pandemic have been required in Korea. Finally, renaming the Korean terms for terminology in psychiatry, epilepsy, and schizophrenia has been done in an attempt to reduce stigma associated with persons of the mentally ill and denote more essential characteristics of mental health fields. Furthermore, it is expected that the detailed description of anger syndrome and fear of interpersonal relationship can enrich the cultural conceptualization of distress in the DSM-5. Conclusion: Despite existences of several problems of the mental health-care system, psychiatry has been progressively developed and steadily established its own originality in South Korea.

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Verhagen, P. J. "Position Statement on Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatry: Seven Recommendations". Psikhiatriya 19, n. 4 (17 dicembre 2021): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-4-90-99.

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Background: in December 2015 the Executive Committee of the World Psychiatric Association approved a Position Statement on religion, spirituality in psychiatry. Since then, the World Psychiatric Association Section of Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry has committed to publicizing the Position Statement worldwide. Aim: to bring this statement, especially the seven recommendations, to the attention of the international psychiatric community, in particular the Russian psychiatric community. Method: a narrative review and the seven recommendations in the Position Statement are explained, thus demonstrating its importance. Conclusion: religion and spirituality in psychiatry are part of daily psychiatric practice, scientific research, residency training and continuous medical education, and the political and public realm. With the publication of the Position Statement, the Executive Committee of the World Psychiatric Association has made a major accomplishment that benefits psychiatry around the world.

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Samimi-Ardestani, S. M. "The Effect of Psychiatric Clerkship on Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Psychiatry and Their Intention to Pursue Psychiatry as a Career". European Psychiatry 24, S1 (gennaio 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71202-7.

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Background:The attitudes of medical students toward psychiatry have been studied extensively in other countries. A positive attitude to psychiatry may make future doctors more responsive to the psychological needs and comorbidity of patients in all branches of medicine.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine whether attitudes toward psychiatry improved during psychiatric attachment as well as the relationship between attitudes to psychiatry and intention to pursue psychiatry as a career.Methods:On the first and last day of their psychiatric attachment 109 fifth year medical students of SBMU were asked to participate in the study. They completed a demographic form and “Attitude toward Psychiatry Questionnaire”. They also responded to two questions which measured their intention to pursue psychiatry as a prospective career.Results:Students had favorable attitude toward psychiatry before the attachment with mean score of 84.14 on Attitude to Psychiatry Questionnaire (neutral score 72). These attitudes become more positive after attachment. Students’ intention to pursue psychiatry as a career increased during attachment (t=-4.85 df =107 p=0.000). Improvement in attitudes was related to an increased intention to pursue psychiatry as a career (rho=0.170 n=109 p=0.032).Conclusions:The study confirms earlier reports of a significant positive impact of undergraduate psychiatric attachment on medical students’ attitudes toward psychiatry and their intention to pursue psychiatry. Thus, teaching psychiatry at an undergraduate level may well have important implications.

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38

Wilczek, Arkadiusz, e Anna Rogalska. "Factors influencing the choice of specialization in psychiatry among students of medical universities – a review". Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis 77 (12 luglio 2023): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18794/aams/159059.

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<b>WSTĘP:</b> Rosnąca liczba osób zmagających się z zaburzeniami psychicznymi negatywnie wpływa na niestabilną sytuację kadrową wśród lekarzy psychiatrów zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie. Celem pracy było określenie i zgrupowanie czynników wpływających na wybór specjalizacji z psychiatrii przez studentów medycyny na świecie. <b>METODY:</b> Przeszukano zasoby pięciu internetowych baz danych i serwisów (PubMed, Base, Embase, Google Scholar, ResearchGate) z okresu 2014–2022, wykorzystując następujące słowa kluczowe w języku angielskim: „psychiatry”, „career choice”, „medical student” oraz „attitude to psychiatry”. <b>WYNIKI:</b> Do ostatecznej analizy zakwalifikowano 21 publikacji. Większość z nich (n = 16) stanowiła opis wyników badań wykorzystujących autorskie ankiety i narzędzia walidowane. Wyodrębniono cztery kategorie czynników: osobowościowe i społeczne, związane z psychiatrią na studiach, wynikające z charakteru specjalizacji oraz wynikające z pracy z pacjentami leczonymi psychiatrycznie. Czynniki pozytywnie wpływające na wybór specjalizacji to uczestnictwo w zajęciach dodatkowych z psychiatrii oraz obecność osoby z zaburzeniami psychicznymi w otoczeniu studenta. Czynniki negatywne to stygmatyzacja zaburzeń psychicznych w społeczeństwie i towarzyszący temu negatywny wizerunek specjalizacji. <b>WNIOSKI:</b> Analizując artykuły naukowe w internetowych bazach danych i serwisach, zaobserwowano brak w Polsce badań w tym obszarze. Powinno to skłonić do dalszych analiz i próby podjęcia takich badań w kraju. Umożliwiłoby to poprawę wizerunku specjalizacji, wzrost zainteresowania psychiatrią wśród studentów, a także pełne wykorzystanie miejsc specjalizacyjnych.

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Kaplan, Robert M. "Psychiatry in Australia". South African Journal of Psychiatry 10, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2004): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v10i2.143.

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Psychiatry has been practised in Australia in one form or another since the peopling of the continent, originally with the practices of the Aboriginal shamans, and later with the psychiatric treatment necessitated by convict transportation.Over most of the last half-century psychiatry has been administered by the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists.There are over 2 000 psychiatrists in Australia, and num- bers are expected to increase in future.As in many other countries, there is ongoing pressure between the private and public sectors, with endemic under- funding of public and community services.Despite its small number of practitioners and relative isola- tion from major centres, Australian psychiatry has a distin- guished record in the field of research. The most famous dis- covery, by John Cade, was the use of lithium for treatment of mania.Recently governments at state and federal level have acknowledged the effect of psychiatric illness on patients and their families. This has led to the development of pro- grammes to improve public information and eliminate preju- dice.It is anticipated that the practice of psychiatry will flourish in Australia and that the country will remain a leading centre of excellence in psychiatric research and training.

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Elliot, M. Goldner, e Dan Bilsker. "Evidence-Based Psychiatry". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, n. 2 (marzo 1995): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000208.

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Objective To apply the evidence-based medicine paradigm to the domain of psychiatric practice and to bring out the consequences for psychiatry of this approach in order to foster the emergence of an evidence-based psychiatry. Method The basic assumptions of traditional and evidence-based paradigms, as delineated by the Evidence-Based Working Group, are used to structure an exploration of the evidence-based approach to psychiatry. Theoretical and practical issues are considered and an example of evidence-based decision making is given. Results An evidence-based approach to psychiatry is described as one that emphasizes the importance of systematic observation and the use of rules of evidence in hypothesis testing. It is suggested that psychiatrists using this approach will be in a position to provide superior patient care. Discussion The application of scientific method to psychiatric problems is discussed as the essence of an evidence-based approach. The common error of “scientism” is described. The authors identify advantages and limitations of an evidence-based approach to psychiatric practice and advocate a decision-making process that balances individualized clinical acumen (phronesis) and information derived from empirical study of groups of patients (techne).

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41

Pierre, Joseph M., e Allan Frances. "Language in psychiatry: a bedevilling dictionary". BJPsych Advances 22, n. 5 (settembre 2016): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.116.016238.

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SummaryThe language of psychiatry can be ambiguous and idiosyncratic, reflecting the elastic borders of mental illness and psychiatric disorder. This problem is not unique to psychiatry, but as the medical specialty moves closer towards a 'spectrum view’ of mental illness, psychiatric terminology increasingly risks misappropriation and conflation with lay concepts of normal suffering. Deciding what words mean and how psychiatric disorders are defined requires ongoing consideration of the pragmatic consequences, both intended and unintended. Refining the lexicon of psychiatry with an eye towards precision and the minimisation of stigma requires that terms be revised and updated from time to time, but often suitable word replacements remain elusive.

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42

Hughes, Julian C. "Community psychiatry in the RAF: an evaluative review". Psychiatric Bulletin 21, n. 7 (luglio 1997): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.7.418.

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This paper offers a descriptive survey of RAF community psychiatry. It shows that most of the morbidity encountered in the community now served by RAF psychiatrists is at the ‘minor’ end of the psychiatric spectrum. It mostly requires supportive psychotherapy and the key worker is often the community psychiatric nurse. The study allows discussion of four related issues: the essential nature of military psychiatry; the future provision of community psychiatry to the RAF; psychiatric training and continuing professional development in the RAF; and the possibility of research.

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Hicks, Susanne. "The Psychiatric Nurse in Liaison Psychiatry". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, n. 1 (marzo 1989): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678909062597.

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The role of nursing staff in a liaison consultative unit is by no means established in this country although precedents exist in the United States. Nevertheless, there are clear theoretical reasons for including psychiatric nurses in the liaison team. This report concerns a model of intervention based on one of three models identified in the US studies. the model involves a collaborative/consultative relationship between the psychiatric nurse and the psychiatrist, therefore maximising opportunities for successful intervention and cross-referral. Two clinical vignettes illustrate this. the clinical presentations of 200 patients presenting primarily to the nurse specialist are compared with 200 presenting to the psychiatric department. the patterns of referrals and also the agencies referring differed. the differences in those profiles, together with the management implications, are discussed. High stress areas of nursing, such as cardiology, neurosurgery and haematology, provided a fertile area for referrals to the nurse where referrals to the psychiatrists had not been high.

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Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi. "Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services in Japan". Australasian Psychiatry 3, n. 1 (febbraio 1995): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569509081751.

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Kovacs, Katalin. "Book Review: General Psychiatry: Psychiatric Emergencies". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 41, n. 10 (dicembre 1996): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379604101018.

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Silberman, Edward K. "Psychiatric Disorders and Disorders of Psychiatry". Psychiatry 80, n. 4 (2 ottobre 2017): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2017.1419773.

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47

Lunt, Alan. "Psychiatry, psychiatric rehabilitation, and human values." Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 24, n. 4 (2001): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0095073.

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Huth, Edward J. "Reviews and Notes: Psychiatry: Psychiatric Dictionary". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n. 11 (1 dicembre 1996): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-11-199612010-00030.

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49

Bebbington, Paul. "Editing Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 12, n. 1 (marzo 2003): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00005996.

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Gribble, Robert, Richard T. White, Genevieve Wicks, Janette Reed e Julie Kurt. "The Psychiatric Nurse in Liaison Psychiatry". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, n. 3 (settembre 1989): 309–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486748902300312.

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