Articoli di riviste: "Pseudomonas – Genetics"

1

Freitas, J. Renato de, e James J. Germida. "Pseudomonas cepacia and Pseudomonas putida as winter wheat inoculants for biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1991): 780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-134.

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Pseudomonas cepacia R55 and R85 and Pseudomonas putida R104, antagonistic towards plant pathogenic fungi in vitro, were assessed as seed inoculants for winter wheat (cv. Norstar) grown in a growth chamber in soil infested with Fusarium solani or Rhizoctonia solani isolate AG-1, AG 2-1, or AG-3. Infestation of soil with R. solani AG-1 or AG 2-1 reduced root dry weight of uninoculated plants by 62 and 78%, respectively, whereas R. solani AG-3 or F. solani had no effect on plant biomass. Pseudomonad inoculants increased (relative to plants subjected to disease) the winter wheat root dry weight by 92–128% and shoot dry weight by 28–48% in the soil infested with R. solani AG-1. The shoot material of all plants inoculated with pseudomonads also had significantly (P < 0.05) higher total Fe contents than the uninoculated treatment in the R. solani AG-1 infested soil. Pseudomonas cepacia R55 produced the highest (P < 0.01) total Fe contents in the shoots, but it had no effect on N and P content. Pseudomonas cepacia R85 significantly increased total N (P < 0.05) and total P (P < 0.01) of wheat shoots, and P. putida R104 increased the percentage (P < 0.05) and (or) total P content (P < 0.01) in the soil infested with R. solani AG-1. Pseudomonas cepacia R85 also significantly (P < 0.05) increased wheat shoot biomass in R. solani AG-3 infested soil. All three pseudomonads produced fluorescent siderophores when cultured in a low-iron medium. These results suggest an in situ antibiosis activity of three fluorescent pseudomonad strains towards phytopathogenic fungi and suggest that the plant growth response was probably due to protection against damage caused by R. solani. Key words: biocontrol, pseudomonads, Rhizoctonia solani, winter wheat, siderophores.

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2

Beaulieu, C., S. Gill, L. Miville e P. Dion. "Genetic regions of Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain 211 involved in nopaline catabolism". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, n. 7 (1 luglio 1988): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-145.

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A DNA fragment from the nopaline catabolism region of the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens showed no detectable homology to the total DNA of several nopaline-utilizing strains of Pseudomonas spp. From one of these pseudomonads, Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain 211, mutants defective in the catabolism of nopaline but not arginine, have been obtained by mutagenesis with transposon Tn5, and also with TnV using a new suicide plasmid vector. The DNA fragment bearing the TnV insertion has been cloned and found to hybridize with DNA of every pseudomonad tested, independently of the capacity to utilize nopaline, but not with Agrobacterium DNA. In a separate experiment, nonmutagenized DNA of strain 211 was cloned in a cosmid vector. Transfer of one of these clones to Pseudomonas putida strain KT2440 conferred on the recipient the capacity for nopaline utilization. However, this cosmid clone was only partially functional, since it did not complement a TnV mutant.

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3

Katsuwon, J., R. Zdor e A. J. Anderson. "Superoxide dismutase activity in root-colonizing pseudomonads". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, n. 4 (1 aprile 1993): 420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-061.

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Several saprophytic fluorescent pseudomonads that are aggressive root colonizers express similar specific activities of superoxide dismutase during growth in liquid culture. The pseudomonads have the potential to produce hydrogen peroxide sensitive and hydrogen peroxide insensitive isoforms of superoxide dismutase with distinct mobilities in nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Synthesis of the hydrogen peroxide insensitive form is enhanced by limited iron availability, by exposure to Mn2+, and to a lesser extent by external sources of superoxide anion. Unlike Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a root-colonizing strain of Pseudomonas putida did not show regulation of isoform pattern by phosphate availability. A plasmid potentially encoding the pseudomonad hydrogen peroxide sensitive form complemented the superoxide dismutase deficiency in a mutant of Escherichia coli lacking expression of both Fe and Mn genes. Contact between the plant root and pseudomonad or E. coli cells that lack or express superoxide dismutase did not influence superoxide anion production from root surface enzymes. The pseudomonad and the superoxide dismutase deficient and producing E. coli strains survived exposure to the root equally well. Only the hydrogen peroxide sensitive isoform of superoxide dismutase was detected in P. putida cells associated with bean root surfaces.Key words: pseudomonads, activated oxygen, root surface colonization.

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4

Campbell, James N., Kenneth Conn, Linnea Sorlie e Fred D. Cook. "Inhibition of growth in canola seedlings caused by an opportunistic Pseudomonas sp. Under laboratory and field conditions". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, n. 3 (1 marzo 1986): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-041.

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If Pseudomonas rp2, a field-isolated fluorescent pseudomonad, is present on canola (rape) seeds at the time of sprouting, it causes an inhibition of root growth leading to death or delayed maturation of the plant. Inhibitory strains of this type comprise less than 10% of the fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from local field samples, but they were found in widely dispersed sources. By present standards, these Pseudomonas strains would be considered soil saprophytes, since they survive in sterile soil at 4 and −20 °C in the absence of plant material, and since they do not match taxonomically with established plant pathogenic Pseudomonas spp. tested. Under laboratory conditions, inoculation of seeds with Pseudomonas rp2 caused death in 30%, and delayed development in 68% of infected plants. Minimum bacterial load, recoverable from the seed surface and capable of causing inhibition, was 10–20 colony-forming units per seed. The effect of inoculation of seeds with Pseudomonas rp2 on stand, rate of growth, and seed yield was quantitated under field conditions. The results reflected values obtained under laboratory conditions. The potential economic and ecological significance of this type of infection is discussed.

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5

Cabrera, Ma Ángeles, Sebastián L. Márquez e José M. Pérez-Donoso. "Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antarctic Pseudomonas Isolates with 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Transformation Capabilities Reveals Their Unique Features for Xenobiotics Degradation". Genes 13, n. 8 (28 luglio 2022): 1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13081354.

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The nitroaromatic explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutant. Since physicochemical methods for remediation are poorly effective, the use of microorganisms has gained interest as an alternative to restore TNT-contaminated sites. We previously demonstrated the high TNT-transforming capability of three novel Pseudomonas spp. isolated from Deception Island, Antarctica, which exceeded that of the well-characterized TNT-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440. In this study, a comparative genomic analysis was performed to search for the metabolic functions encoded in the genomes of these isolates that might explain their TNT-transforming phenotype, and also to look for differences with 21 other selected pseudomonads, including xenobiotics-degrading species. Comparative analysis of xenobiotic degradation pathways revealed that our isolates have the highest abundance of key enzymes related to the degradation of fluorobenzoate, TNT, and bisphenol A. Further comparisons considering only TNT-transforming pseudomonads revealed the presence of unique genes in these isolates that would likely participate directly in TNT-transformation, and others involved in the β-ketoadipate pathway for aromatic compound degradation. Lastly, the phylogenomic analysis suggested that these Antarctic isolates likely represent novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, which emphasizes their relevance as potential agents for the bioremediation of TNT and other xenobiotics.

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6

Martusevich, Andrew K., Ivan V. Bocharin, Elena A. Kochkurova e Natalia A. Ronzhina. "INFLUENCE OF DISINFECTANT ON CRYSTALLOGENIC ACTIVITY OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN VITRO". Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 13, n. 5 (29 ottobre 2021): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2021-13-5-191-204.

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The purpose of this work was to clarify the crystallogenic properties of pseudomonads under the action of an antiseptic. Material and methods. The material for the study was 8 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients of the burn Department. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of the study, the work was performed in 3 stages: assessment of the biological properties of isolated pseudomonad strains; determination of sensitivity to disinfectants by the square method; assessment of the crystallogenic (initiating) activity of pseudomonads in individual and joint form with the disinfectant. The tested antiseptic was “Desam” in the form of a standard 1% solution used for disinfection of surfaces and medical instruments. Results. It was found that all the studied Pseudomonas strains have the ability to activate the crystallogenesis of the basic substance (0.9% sodium chloride solution), which manifests itself both in qualitative and quantitative changes in the thesigraphic picture. It is shown that the addition of a common disinfectant (“Desam”) to the system “Pseudomonas aeruginosa – 0.9% sodium chloride solution” significantly transforms its dehydration structuring. At the same time, strains of the microorganism resistant to disinfectants moderately reduce the crystal’s gene activity (according to the main teziographic coefficient and belt coefficient). On the contrary, sensitive strains demonstrate a pronounced inhibition of the crystallogenesis of the basic substance. It allows to develop a new express method for determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to disinfectants.

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7

Pyle, Barry H., e Gordon A. McFeters. "Population dynamics of pseudomonads after iodination". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, n. 11 (1 novembre 1990): 801–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-137.

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The population dynamics of pseudomonads grown under rich or low nutrient conditions were examined following iodination. Iodinated and untreated controls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Pseudomonas cepacia were resuspended in phosphate buffer and incubated at room temperature. Viable populations of iodine-treated cultures increased faster in phosphate-buffered water than uniodinated controls. Thus, bacteria in iodinated water systems may recover or multiply during storage and distribution after disinfection and may pose a significant health risk. Key words: iodine, disinfection, pseudomonads.

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8

Giles, Courtney D., Pei-Chun (Lisa) Hsu, Alan E. Richardson, Mark R. H. Hurst e Jane E. Hill. "The role of gluconate production by Pseudomonas spp. in the mineralization and bioavailability of calcium–phytate to Nicotiana tabacum". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61, n. 12 (dicembre 2015): 885–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2015-0206.

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Organic phosphorus (P) is abundant in most soils but is largely unavailable to plants. Pseudomonas spp. can improve the availability of P to plants through the production of phytases and organic anions. Gluconate is a major component of Pseudomonas organic anion production and may therefore play an important role in the mineralization of insoluble organic P forms such as calcium–phytate (CaIHP). Organic anion and phytase production was characterized in 2 Pseudomonas spp. soil isolates (CCAR59, Ha200) and an isogenic mutant of strain Ha200, which lacked a functional glucose dehydrogenase (Gcd) gene (strain Ha200 gcd::Tn5B8). Wild-type and mutant strains of Pseudomonas spp. were evaluated for their ability to solubilize and hydrolyze CaIHP and to promote the growth and assimilation of P by tobacco plants. Gluconate, 2-keto-gluconate, pyruvate, ascorbate, acetate, and formate were detected in Pseudomonas spp. supernatants. Wild-type pseudomonads containing a functional gcd could produce gluconate and mineralize CaIHP, whereas the isogenic mutant could not. Inoculation with Pseudomonas improved the bioavailability of CaIHP to tobacco plants, but there was no difference in plant growth response due to Gcd function. Gcd function is required for the mineralization of CaIHP in vitro; however, further studies will be needed to quantify the relative contribution of specific organic anions such as gluconate to plant growth promotion by soil pseudomonads.

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9

Brown, Gerry, Zeayen Khan e Ran Lifshitz. "Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: strain identification by restriction fragment length polymorphisms". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, n. 4 (1 aprile 1990): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-042.

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A genomic library of the Pseudomonas putida strain GR12-2 was screened to identify both genus-universal and strain-specific 8-kilobase inserts. The genus-universal clone (pAM141), in combination with the restriction enzymes EcoRI, PstI, and PvuII, was used to generate unique restriction fragment length polymorphisms for 20 related plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and seven reference strains. Strain restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles based on the genus-universal clone pAM141 allow positive identification of individual pseudomonad strains. The strain-specific clone (pAM227) clearly distinguished the parent strain (GR12-2) from 16 other pseudomonad strains, including 8 P. putida, 7 P. fluorescens, and 1 P. cepacia. pAM227 may be useful for monitoring the fate of the P. putida strain GR12-2 in the environment. Key words: pseudomonads, rhizobacteria, restriction fragment length polymorphism, strain identification.

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10

Outryve, M. F. Van, F. Gosselé, K. Kersters e J. Swings. "The composition of the rhizosphere of chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi)". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, n. 11 (1 novembre 1988): 1203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-211.

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The bacterial composition of the chicory rhizosphere (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi) was examined at four different growth stages in the field and also after 1 month storage of the roots. Based on protein fingerprints (SDS – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of total cell proteins) 233 isolates were grouped into 117 different groups. Forty percent of the isolates belonged to one of three groups: CH001, CH002, or CH213. Fingerprint type CH001 and CH002 were comprised of fluorescent pseudomonads. Fingerprint type CH213 was identified as Alcaligenes paradoxus. Fingerprint type CH213 strains, normally isolated early in the growing season, were inhibited in vitro by fingerprint type CH001 strains which appeared later in the growing season. Gram-negative isolates were predominant among the remaining fingerprint types: Pseudomonas paucimobilis, Xanthomonas maltophilia, Agrobacterium radiobacter, and Flavobacterium spp. A few Gram-positive isolates were found at the beginning of the growing season, i.e., Bacillus spp. and Streptomyces spp. The production of antifungal compounds was restricted to the 11 isolates among which were fluorescent Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. Twenty-four fluorescent pseudomonad isolates from the rhizosphere were pathogenic on chicory leaves.

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11

Sazinas, Pavelas, Morten Lindqvist Hansen, May Iren Aune, Marie Højmark Fischer e Lars Jelsbak. "A Rare Thioquinolobactin Siderophore Present in a Bioactive Pseudomonas sp. DTU12.1". Genome Biology and Evolution 11, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2019): 3529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz267.

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Abstract Many of the soil-dwelling Pseudomonas species are known to produce secondary metabolite compounds, which can have antagonistic activity against other microorganisms, including important plant pathogens. It is thus of importance to isolate new strains of Pseudomonas and discover novel or rare gene clusters encoding bioactive products. In an effort to accomplish this, we have isolated a bioactive Pseudomonas strain DTU12.1 from leaf-covered soil in Denmark. Following genome sequencing with Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies, we generated a complete genome sequence with the length of 5,943,629 base pairs. The DTU12.1 strain contained a complete gene cluster for a rare thioquinolobactin siderophore, which was previously described as possessing bioactivity against oomycetes and several fungal species. We placed the DTU12.1 strain within Pseudomonas gessardii subgroup of fluorescent pseudomonads, where it formed a distinct clade with other Pseudomonas strains, most of which also contained a complete thioquinolobactin gene cluster. Only two other Pseudomonas strains were found to contain the gene cluster, though they were present in a different phylogenetic clade and were missing a transcriptional regulator of the whole cluster. We show that having the complete genome sequence and establishing phylogenetic relationships with other strains can enable us to start evaluating the distribution and evolutionary origins of secondary metabolite clusters.

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12

Soberón-Chávez, Gloria, e Beatríz Palmeros. "Pseudomonas Lipases: Molecular Genetics and Potential Industrial Applications". Critical Reviews in Microbiology 20, n. 2 (gennaio 1994): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10408419409113549.

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13

Strobel, Gary. "Pseudomonas syringae and related pathogens—biology and genetics". Plant Science 167, n. 1 (luglio 2004): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.02.016.

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14

Gwose, I., e K. Taraz. "Pyoverdine aus Pseudomonas putida / Pyoverdins from Pseudomonas putida". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, n. 7-8 (1 agosto 1992): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-7-801.

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The structures of two pyoverdins (Pp 1 and Pp 2) and one dihydropyoverdin (dihydro-Pp 2) from a strain of Pseudomonas putida have been elucidated by spectroscopic methods and degradation studies. The pyoverdins Pp 1 and Pp2 consist of a chromophore which was identified as (1 S)-5-amino-2,3-dihydro-8,9-dihydroxy-1 H-pyrimido[1,2-a]quinoline-1-carboxylic acid substituted at the amino group with a 3-carboxypropanoyl or a succinamoyl residue and at the carboxy group with the N-terminus of L-Ser-L-Thr-D-Ser-L-Orn-L-threo-(OH)Asp-[D-Gln + L-Dab]*-L-Ser-D-allo-Thr-L-c(OH)Orn. Dihydro-Pp 2 differs from Pp 2 only in the chromophore, which is saturated at carbons 5 and 6. All compounds contain a tetrahydropyrimidine moiety ([D-Gln + L-Dab]*) resulting from the condensation of 2,4-diaminobutyric acid and glutamine.

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15

Bultreys, Alain, Isabelle Gheysen, Mathias Schäfer, Herbert Budzikiewicz e Bernard Wathelet. "The Pyoverdins of Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas cichorii". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 59, n. 9-10 (1 ottobre 2004): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2004-9-1001.

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Abstract The structure elucidation of the cyclic (lactonic) forms of the pyoverdins with a succinamide side chain originally produced by the closely related species Pseudomonas syringae and P. cichorii is reported. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses as well as the determination of the configuration of the amino acids after degradation indicate that these two pyoverdins differ only by the replacement of the first in-chain serine by glycine. The pyoverdins of P. syringae and P. cichorii and the dihydropyoverdin of P. syringae can be used by both species as siderophores.

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Bataillon, Thomas, Tianyi Zhang e Rees Kassen. "Cost of Adaptation and Fitness Effects of Beneficial Mutations in Pseudomonas fluorescens". Genetics 189, n. 3 (25 agosto 2011): 939–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.111.130468.

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17

Romaniuk, Krzysztof, Michal Styczynski, Przemyslaw Decewicz, Oliwia Buraczewska, Witold Uhrynowski, Marco Fondi, Marcin Wolosiewicz, Magdalena Szuplewska e Lukasz Dziewit. "Diversity and Horizontal Transfer of Antarctic Pseudomonas spp. Plasmids". Genes 10, n. 11 (28 ottobre 2019): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10110850.

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Pseudomonas spp. are widely distributed in various environments around the world. They are also common in the Antarctic regions. To date, almost 200 plasmids of Pseudomonas spp. have been sequenced, but only 12 of them were isolated from psychrotolerant strains. In this study, 15 novel plasmids of cold-active Pseudomonas spp. originating from the King George Island (Antarctica) were characterized using a combined, structural and functional approach, including thorough genomic analyses, functional analyses of selected genetic modules, and identification of active transposable elements localized within the plasmids and comparative genomics. The analyses performed in this study increased the understanding of the horizontal transfer of plasmids found within Pseudomonas populations inhabiting Antarctic soils. It was shown that the majority of the studied plasmids are narrow-host-range replicons, whose transfer across taxonomic boundaries may be limited. Moreover, structural and functional analyses enabled identification and characterization of various accessory genetic modules, including genes encoding major pilin protein (PilA), that enhance biofilm formation, as well as active transposable elements. Furthermore, comparative genomic analyses revealed that the studied plasmids of Antarctic Pseudomonas spp. are unique, as they are highly dissimilar to the other known plasmids of Pseudomonas spp.

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Veselova, M. A. "Quorum sensing regulation in Pseudomonas". Russian Journal of Genetics 46, n. 2 (febbraio 2010): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795410020018.

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Gallardo-Benavente, Carla, Jessica L. Campo-Giraldo, Juan Castro-Severyn, Andrés Quiroz e José M. Pérez-Donoso. "Genomics Insights into Pseudomonas sp. CG01: An Antarctic Cadmium-Resistant Strain Capable of Biosynthesizing CdS Nanoparticles Using Methionine as S-Source". Genes 12, n. 2 (27 gennaio 2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020187.

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Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. GC01, a cadmium-resistant Antarctic bacterium capable of biosynthesizing CdS fluorescent nanoparticles (quantum dots, QDs) employing a unique mechanism involving the production of methanethiol (MeSH) from methionine (Met). To explore the molecular/metabolic components involved in QDs biosynthesis, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis, searching for the genes related to cadmium resistance and sulfur metabolic pathways. The genome of Pseudomonas sp. GC01 has a 4,706,645 bp size with a 58.61% G+C content. Pseudomonas sp. GC01 possesses five genes related to cadmium transport/resistance, with three P-type ATPases (cadA, zntA, and pbrA) involved in Cd-secretion that could contribute to the extracellular biosynthesis of CdS QDs. Furthermore, it exhibits genes involved in sulfate assimilation, cysteine/methionine synthesis, and volatile sulfur compounds catabolic pathways. Regarding MeSH production from Met, Pseudomonas sp. GC01 lacks the genes E4.4.1.11 and megL for MeSH generation. Interestingly, despite the absence of these genes, Pseudomonas sp. GC01 produces high levels of MeSH. This is probably associated with the metC gene that also produces MeSH from Met in bacteria. This work is the first report of the potential genes involved in Cd resistance, sulfur metabolism, and the process of MeSH-dependent CdS QDs bioproduction in Pseudomonas spp. strains.

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Hamana, Koei, e Shigeru Matsuzaki. "Polyamines of carbon monoxide-utilizing bacteria, Pseudomonas thermocarboxydovorans and Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena". FEMS Microbiology Letters 70, n. 3 (agosto 1990): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb14003.x.

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Freitas, J. Renato de, e James J. Germida. "Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for winter wheat". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, n. 4 (1 aprile 1990): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-046.

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The association of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norstar) with root-colonizing bacteria (rhizobacteria) was studied in potted soil experiments in the growth chamber. Thirty-six known bacteria, some of which have been reported to stimulate plant growth, and 75 isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of winter wheat were tested for their effects on plant growth and development in two different soils. Two known bacteria and 12 isolates stimulated growth of winter wheat. Of these, the most effective were nine isolates that significantly (P < 0.01) increased plant height, root and shoot biomass, and number of tillers. The plant growth promoting effects of isolates were different in the two soils. Three of these strains were tentatively classified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and two each as Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas putida. Some isolates induced significant increases in seedling emergence rates and (or) demonstrated antagonism in vitro against Rhizoctonia solani and Leptosphaeria maculans. These results demonstrate the potential use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as inoculants for winter wheat. Key words: pseudomonads, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, winter wheat, rhizosphere, bacterial inoculants.

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Gill, W. M., e A. L. J. Cole. "Cavity disease of Agaricus bitorquis caused by Pseudomonas cepacia". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, n. 5 (1 maggio 1992): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-066.

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A new bacterial disease of a cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bitorquis, is reported. Symptoms exhibited by affected sporocarps range from mild blotching to deep pitting, where large pervasive cavities extending from the cap surface to the stipe may form. Sporocarps often show a characteristic eroded appearance where the tissues are completely degraded. Some areas of diseased sporocarps fail to show any external symptoms, but on cutting the cap, massive breakdown of the underlying tissue is evident, resulting in a hollow cap. The causal bacterium, confirmed by application of Koch's postulates, is a nonfluorescent pseudomonad identified as Pseudomonas cepacia. Key words: Pseudomonas cepacia, Agaricus bitorquis, tissue degradation, cavities.

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Olekhnovich, Igor N., e Yuri K. Fomichev. "Controlled-expression shuttle vector for pseudomonads based on the trpIBA genes of Pseudomonas putida". Gene 140, n. 1 (gennaio 1994): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(94)90731-5.

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Inglis, G. D., L. J. Yanke e L. B. Selinger. "Cutinolytic esterase activity of bacteria isolated from mixed-plant compost and characterization of a cutinase gene fromPseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 57, n. 11 (novembre 2011): 902–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w11-083.

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The objective of the current study was to examine cutinolytic esterase (i.e., cutinase) activity by pseudomonads and bacteria isolated from mixed-plant compost. Approximately 400 isolates representing 52 taxa recovered from mixed-plant compost using cuticle baits, along with 117 pseudomonad isolates obtained from a culture collection (i.e., non-compost habitats), were evaluated. The ability of isolates to degrade the synthetic cutin polycaprolactone (PCL) was initially measured. Isolates from 23 taxa recovered from the compost degraded PCL. As well, isolates from 13 taxa of pseudomonads cleared PCL. Secondary screening measured esterase activity induced by the presence of apple cuticle using the chromogenic substrate p-nitrophenyl butyrate. Eighteen isolates representing four taxa ( Alcaligenes faecalis , Bacillus licheniformis , Bacillus pumilus , and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes ) recovered from compost exhibited substantial esterase activity when grown with cuticle. In contrast, none of the pseudomonad isolates from the culture collection produced appreciable esterase activity. Although degradation of PCL was not correlated with esterase activity, isolates that were unable to degrade PCL failed to produce measureable esterase activities. Zymogram analysis indicated that the esterases produced by bacteria from compost ranged in size from 29 to 47 kDa. A gene from P. pseudoalcaligenes (cutA) was found to code for a cutin-induced esterase consisting of 302 amino acids and a theoretical protein size of 32 kDa. The enzyme was unique and was most closely related to other bacterial lipases (≤48% similarity).

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Chit Laa Poh, J. "Genetic system in Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867". FEMS Microbiology Letters 106, n. 3 (1 febbraio 1993): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1097(93)90411-t.

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Pounder, J. I., e A. J. Anderson. "Catalase released from beneficial and plant-pathogenic pseudomonads by water and chloroform treatments". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, n. 8 (1 agosto 1994): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-100.

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Abstract (sommario):

Survival of pseudomonads during plant colonization may involve bacterial catalases to degrade the hydrogen peroxide produced by the plant. The specific activities of catalases in lysates from two saprophytic isolates of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens and three races of Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea were similar. To explore the location of the bacterial catalases, cells of the pathogenic and saprophytic pseudomonads were treated with chloroform, which is reported to release periplasmic proteins. Although catalase was released by chloroform treatment, the cytoplasmic enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were also detected. These proteins may have come from lysis of a small proportion of the cells rather than the periplasm. Water treatment of cells also released amounts of protein similar to those derived from chloroform treatment. Similar responses were found from both pathogenic and saprophytic strains. The release of catalase and proteins from the leaf pathogen P. syringae pv. glycinea race 0 and the root-associated saprophyte P. putida decreased as the cultures aged. With P. putida and P. syringae pv. glycinea race 0, the single isozyme of catalase released by water and chloroform treatment also was detected in lysates. Additional catalase isozymes were present in lysates as the cultures aged.Key words: periplasmic proteins, survival.

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27

Ashfield, T., N. T. Keen, R. I. Buzzell e R. W. Innes. "Soybean resistance genes specific for different Pseudomonas syringae avirulence genes are allelic, or closely linked, at the RPG1 locus." Genetics 141, n. 4 (1 dicembre 1995): 1597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.4.1597.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract RPG1 and RPM1 are disease resistance genes in soybean and Arabidopsis, respectively, that confer resistance to Pseudomonas syringae strains expressing the avirulence gene avrB. RPM1 has recently been demonstrated to have a second specificity, also conferring resistance to P. syringae strains expressing avrRpm1. Here we show that alleles, or closely linked genes, exist at the RPG1 locus in soybean that are specific for either avrB or avrRpm1 and thus can distinguish between these two avirulence genes.

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28

Lindeberg, Magdalen. "Information Management of Genome Enabled Data Streams for Pseudomonas syringae on the Pseudomonas-Plant Interaction (PPI) Website". Genes 2, n. 4 (2 novembre 2011): 841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes2040841.

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29

Zechman, James M., e John N. Labows Jr. "Volatiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related species by automated headspace concentration – gas chromatography". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, n. 3 (1 marzo 1985): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-045.

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Abstract (sommario):

The volatile metabolites of three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one strain each of Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas putida were analyzed using an automated headspace concentrator incorporating a gas chromatograph. The procedure does not require sample preparation and automates the entire analytical sequence to yield reproducible profiles of volatile constituents. Gas chromatographic profiles of the volatile metabolites of each species were obtained using a 20-min concentration period and two fused silica capillary columns of different polarities. The production of headspace metabolites from trypticase soy broth was studied in relationship to culture incubation time and initial cell concentration. The volatiles identified after 24 h incubation consisted of 1-butanol, isopentanol, toluene, 1-undecene, 2-butanone, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, and 2-undecanone. Sufficient amounts of specific metabolites were produced after 5 h incubation to provide information of possible diagnostic value. In particular, all P. aeruginosa strains produced a distinctive series of 1-undecene and methyl ketones after 5 h incubation of media inoculated to provide 2 × 106 cells/mL. The results indicate that when growth and analytical conditions are held constant, P. aeruginosa and related species produce characteristic profiles of headspace metabolites. Since conventional bacteriological tests require 24 h or more for the identification of these pseudomonads, automated volatile analysis could provide an alternative means for the rapid detection of these bacteria.

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30

Janisiewicz, Wojciech J., e Jeffrey S. Buyer. "Culturable bacterial microflora associated with nectarine fruit and their potential for control of brown rot". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 56, n. 6 (giugno 2010): 480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-031.

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Abstract (sommario):

Microflora of fruit surfaces have been the best source of antagonists against fungi causing postharvest decay of fruit. However, there is little information on microflora colonizing surfaces of fruits other than grape, apple, and citrus. We characterized bacterial microflora on nectarine fruit surfaces from the early stage of development until harvest. Identification of bacterial strains was made using MIDI (fatty acid methyl ester analysis) and Biolog systems. Biolog identified 35% and MIDI 53% of the strains. Thus results from MIDI were used to determine the frequency of occurrence of genera and species. The most frequently occurring genera were Curtobacterium (21.31%), followed by Pseudomonas (19.99%), Microbacterium (13.57%), Clavibacter (9.69%), Pantoea (6.59%), and Enterobacter (4.26%). The frequency of isolations of some bacteria — for example, the major pseudomonads (Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas savastanoi) or Pantoea agglomerans — tended to decline as fruit developed. As Pseudomonas declined, Curtobacterium became more dominant. Time of isolation was a significant factor in the frequency of occurrence of different bacteria, indicating succession of the genera. Throughput screening of the bacterial strains against Monilinia fructicola on nectarine fruit resulted in the detection of strains able to control brown rot. The 10 best-performing antagonistic strains were subjected to secondary screening. Four strains reduced decay severity by more than 50% (51.7%–91.4% reduction) at the high pathogen inoculum concentration of 105conidia/mL.

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31

Irie, Yasuhiko, George A. O'Toole e Ming H. Yuk. "Pseudomonas aeruginosarhamnolipids disperseBordetella bronchisepticabiofilms". FEMS Microbiology Letters 250, n. 2 (settembre 2005): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.07.012.

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32

Lüneberg, Edeltraud, Dirk Müller, Ivo Steinmetz e Matthias Frosch. "Monoclonal antibody against species-specific epitope of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hsp60 protein cross-reacts with Pseudomonas stutzeri and other Pseudomonas species". FEMS Microbiology Letters 154, n. 1 (17 gennaio 2006): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12634.x.

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33

Volko, Sigrid M., Thomas Boller e Frederick M. Ausubel. "Isolation of New Arabidopsis Mutants With Enhanced Disease Susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae by Direct Screening". Genetics 149, n. 2 (1 giugno 1998): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.2.537.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract To identify plant defense components that are important in restricting the growth of virulent pathogens, we screened for Arabidopsis mutants in the accession Columbia (carrying the transgene BGL2-GUS) that display enhanced disease susceptibility to the virulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm) ES4326. Among six (out of a total of 11 isolated) enhanced disease susceptibility (eds) mutants that were studied in detail, we identified one allele of the previously described npr1/nim1/sai1 mutation, which is affected in mounting a systemic acquired resistance response, one allele of the previously identified EDS5 gene, and four EDS genes that have not been previously described. The six eds mutants studied in detail (npr1-4, eds5-2, eds10-1, eds11-1, eds12-1, and eds13-1) displayed different patterns of enhanced susceptibility to a variety of phytopathogenic bacteria and to the obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen Erysiphe orontii, suggesting that particular EDS genes have pathogen-specific roles in conferring resistance. All six eds mutants retained the ability to mount a hypersensitive response and to restrict the growth of the avirulent strain Psm ES4326/avrRpt2. With the exception of npr1-4, the mutants were able to initiate a systemic acquired resistance (SAR) response, although enhanced growth of Psm ES4326 was still detectable in leaves of SAR-induced plants. The data presented here indicate that eds genes define a variety of components involved in limiting pathogen growth, that many additional EDS genes remain to be discovered, and that direct screens for mutants with altered susceptibility to pathogens are helpful in the dissection of complex pathogen response pathways in plants.

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34

Jovcic, B., Jelena Begovic, Jelena Lozo, Lj Topisirovic e M. Kojic. "Post-translational regulation of the RpoS and PsrA genes in pseudomonas putida WCS358: The role of ClpXP protease". Archives of Biological Sciences 60, n. 1 (2008): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0801001j.

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Abstract (sommario):

The RpoS and PsrA proteins are key transcriptional regulators that are activated in response to the stationary phase of growth in pseudomonads. This study was designed to establish whether ClpXP (ATP-dependent serine protease) regulates levels of RpoS and PsrA in Pseudomonas putida WCS358. Western blot analysis of P. putida WCS358 protein extracts from the early exponentianl, late exponential, and stationary phases of growth with antibodies against RpoS and PsrA revealed that these proteins are degraded by ClpXP in the early exponential phase of growth. The obtained results demonstrate a role for ClpXP protease in post-translational regulation of proteins encoded by the rpoS and psrA genes in Pseudomonas spp.

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35

Rajagopal, Soumitra, Nicole Eis e Kenneth W. Nickerson. "Eight Gram-negative bacteria are 10 000 times more sensitive to cationic detergents than to anionic detergents". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2003): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-100.

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Abstract (sommario):

In liquid culture, eight typical Gram-negative bacteria were ca. 10 000-fold more sensitive to cationic detergents than to the anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was inhibitory at concentrations ranging from 0.0006% to 0.01%. Four pseudomonads able to form biofilms were ca. 1000-fold more resistant to CTAB on Luria–Bertani agar plates than they were in liquid culture. A lasI mutant of Pseudomonas aerugi nosa was only able to tolerate 0.1% CTAB on Luria–Bertani agar plates but could tolerate 5% CTAB when supplemented with homoserine lactone containing culture supernatants.Key words: sodium dodecyl sulfate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, bacterial detergent resistance, homoserine lactones, Pseudomonas biofilms.

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36

Reardon, W. "Medical genetics: advances in brief: Genetic determinants of airways' colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis". Journal of Medical Genetics 30, n. 4 (1 aprile 1993): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.30.4.349.

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37

Budzikiewicz, H., S. Kilz, K. Taraz e J. M. Meyer. "Identical Pyoverdines from Pseudomonas fluorescens 9AW and from Pseudomonas putida 9BW". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 52, n. 11-12 (1 dicembre 1997): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1997-11-1202.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Pyoverdine, Siderophore, Bacterial Classification From Pseudom onas fluorescens 9AW and from Pseudomonas putida 9BW identical pyo-verdine-type siderophores were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and degradation studies. These novel compounds are of interest as they contain L-threo-β-hydroxy histidine in their peptide chains, an amino acid sofar encountered in nature only rarely. The co-occurence of the same pyoverdine in different Pseudom onas species and its significance for the classification is discussed.

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38

Loginov, O. N., S. P. Chetverikov e V. N. Gusakov. "Triglyceridepeptides, a New Group of Antifungal Metabolites of Pseudomonads (Pseudomonas)". Doklady Biological Sciences 393, n. 1-6 (novembre 2003): 562–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:dobs.0000010324.00876.90.

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39

Berube, Bryan J., Stephanie M. Rangel e Alan R. Hauser. "Pseudomonas aeruginosa: breaking down barriers". Current Genetics 62, n. 1 (25 settembre 2015): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00294-015-0522-x.

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40

Moore, Nicholas M., e Maribeth L. Flaws. "Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa". American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science 24, n. 1 (gennaio 2011): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29074/ascls.24.1.41.

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41

Kim, Ji Soo, Yong Hwan Kim, Ju Yeon Park, Anne J. Anderson e Young Cheol Kim. "The global regulator GacS regulates biofilm formation in Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 differently with carbon source". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 60, n. 3 (marzo 2014): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0736.

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Abstract (sommario):

An aggressive root colonizer, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 produces various secondary metabolites that impact plant health. The sensor kinase GacS is a key regulator of the expression of biocontrol-related traits. Biofilm formation is one such trait because of its role in root surface colonization. This paper focuses on the effects of carbon source on biofilm formation. In comparison with the wild type, a gacS mutant formed biofilms at a reduced level with sucrose as the major carbon source but at much higher level with mannitol in the defined medium. Biofilm formation by the gacS mutant occurred without phenazine production and in the absence of normal levels of acyl homoserine lactones, which promote biofilms with other pseudomonads. Colonization of tomato roots was similar for the wild type and gacS mutant, showing that any differences in biofilm formation in the rhizosphere were not of consequence under the tested conditions. The reduced ability of the gacS mutant to induce systemic resistance against tomato leaf mold and tomato gray mold was consistent with a lack of production of effectors, such as phenazines. These results demonstrated plasticity in biofilm formation and root colonization in the rhizosphere by a beneficial pseudomonad.

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42

Rangel-Castro, J. Ignacio, Jolanta J. Levenfors e Eric Danell. "Physiological and genetic characterization of fluorescentPseudomonasassociated withCantharellus cibarius". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 48, n. 8 (1 agosto 2002): 739–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w02-062.

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Abstract (sommario):

Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. isolated from fruiting bodies (FB) of Cantharellus cibarius were characterized physiologically and genetically and were compared with fluorescent Pseudomonas from forest soil and with sequences from the GenBank database. Pseudomonas spp. from FB differed physiologically from isolates from soil lacking FB and had some similarities with the strains obtained from soil underneath the FB. Analyses of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and partial sequencing analysis of the 16S-rDNA region indicated that the bacteria isolated from these environments were different. However, there was no specific Pseudomonas genotype restricted to the FB environment. Utilization of the reported fungal exudates trehalose and mannitol may explain how millions of bacteria survive in the C. cibarius FB without deteriorating the fungal mycelium. The importance of the metabolic characterization of bacteria and the possible mechanisms involved in the association with C. cibarius are discussed. Our study showed that standard processes for bacterial identification, e.g., Biolog®and 16S-rDNA are insufficient until databases for different ecosystems are created.Key words: Cantharellus cibarius, fluorescent Pseudomonas, carbon utilization, PCRRFLP, 16S-rDNA sequencing.

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43

Poblete‐Castro, Ignacio, Christoph Wittmann e Pablo I. Nikel. "Biochemistry, genetics and biotechnology of glycerol utilization in Pseudomonas species". Microbial Biotechnology 13, n. 1 (gennaio 2020): 32–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13400.

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44

WOHLFARTH, S., C. HOESCHE, C. STRUNK e U. K. WINKLER. "Molecular genetics of the extracellular lipase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1". Journal of General Microbiology 138, n. 7 (1 luglio 1992): 1325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-138-7-1325.

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45

Stolz, Andreas, Hans-Jürgen Busse e Peter Kämpfer. "Pseudomonas knackmussii sp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 57, n. 3 (1 marzo 2007): 572–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64761-0.

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Abstract (sommario):

The taxonomic position of Pseudomonas sp. B13T, isolated as a 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading organism and used for several groundbreaking studies on the enzymology and genetics of the degradative pathway for haloaromatic compounds, was studied in detail. The previously performed physiological studies, the detection of ubiquinone Q-9, the polyamine pattern with putrescine and spermidine as major polyamines, a fatty acid profile with C18 : 1 ω7c, summed feature 3 and C16 : 0 as quantitatively the most important constituents and the 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that Pseudomonas sp. B13T indeed belongs to the genus Pseudomonas. The sequence of the Pseudomonas sp. B13T 16S rRNA gene demonstrated a high degree of similarity with that of Pseudomonas citronellolis DSM 50332T (98.9 %), Pseudomonas nitroreducens DSM 14399T (98.7 %), Pseudomonas jinjuensis DSM 16612T (98.1 %) and Pseudomonas multiresinivorans DSM 17553T (98.7 %). Thus it was shown that strain Pseudomonas sp. B13T can be distinguished from related species by the ability/inability to assimilate N-acetylgalactosamine, d-galactose, putrescine, trans-aconitate and mesaconate and some differences in the fatty acid profile. The positioning of Pseudomonas sp. B13T as a separate taxon was finally verified by DNA hybridization, which demonstrated less than 45 % DNA–DNA similarity between strain Pseudomonas sp. B13T and the reference strains. On the basis of these results, Pseudomonas sp. B13T represents a novel species for which the name Pseudomonas knackmussii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B13T (=DSM 6978T=LMG 23759T).

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46

Mehnaz, Samina, Brian Weselowski, Faheem Aftab, Sadaf Zahid, George Lazarovits e Javed Iqbal. "Isolation, characterization, and effect of fluorescent pseudomonads on micropropagated sugarcane". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55, n. 8 (agosto 2009): 1007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w09-050.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this study, we report on the isolation, identification, and characterization of seven fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the roots, shoots, and rhizosphere soil of sugarcane and their impacts on the growth of sugarcane plantlets. 16S rRNA gene sequence of five isolates showed close homology with Pseudomonas putida , one with Pseudomonas graminis , and one with Pseudomonas fluorescens . Physiological and biochemical characterizations were determined using API50CH and QTS24 identification kits. The isolates were also subjected to tests for various known growth promoting properties including production of indole acetic acid, the ability to fix nitrogen via the presence of the nifH gene, and ability to solubilize phosphate. Biological control potential was determined from agar diffusion assays of HCN production and production of antifungal compounds against local isolates of Colletotrichum falcatum (that induces red-rot disease of sugarcane). Direct plant growth promoting effects were tested on sugarcane plantlets in tissue culture under gnotobiotic conditions. All seven isolates provided significant increases in fresh and dry masses but only five strains increased shoot height.

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47

Rossignol, G., e P. Dion. "Octopine, nopaline, and octopinic acid utilization in Pseudomonas". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1985): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-014.

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Abstract (sommario):

Culture media selective for Agrobacterium were inoculated with dilutions of soil and crown gall tumor suspensions. Colonies on the selective media were replica plated on a medium with octopine or nopaline. More than 500 isolates were recovered, about 10% of which were confirmed as octopine-utilizing, fluorescent pseudomonads. These strains, together with four other strains of Pseudomonas that had been isolated in a previous study, were characterized for species identity, for utilization of various carbon sources, and for capacity to grow with various opines and amino acids as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. The capacities for octopine and nopaline utilization were generally dissociated, which is similar to the situation found in Agrobacterium. However, most of the octopine-utilizing strains of Pseudomonas showed markedly different growth kinetics in octopine and octopinic acid, two compounds that, in the Agrobacterium system, have been classified into the same opine family. Generally, poor octopinic acid utilization was not correlated with poor ornithine utilization.

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48

Fakhouri, W. D., e H. Buchenauer. "Enhancement of population densities of fluorescent pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of tomato plants by addition of acibenzolar-S-methyl". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 48, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2002): 1069–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w02-105.

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Abstract (sommario):

Fluorescent pseudomonad isolates G309 and CW2, in combination with the resistance inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), improved control of fungal and bacterial diseases on tomato plants. The interactions of the bacteria in the presence of ASM showed that in vitro growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens G309 and Pseudomonas sp. strain CW2 was not affected in King's B broth supplemented with 10 and 20 μM ASM. Also, the bacterial cells were not able to utilize ASM as a nutrient source. In vitro production of the two antimicrobial secondary metabolites phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and 2-OH-phenazine by the isolate CW2 was not affected within 3 days from incubation. In contrary, addition of ASM at a concentration of 20 μM to King's B liquid medium significantly increased production of salicylic acid by isolate G309. When roots of tomato plants were treated with G309 or CW2 cell suspensions containing 20 μM ASM, the number of bacterial cells recovered from the rhizosphere was significantly higher in the combined treatments than in the single applications 5, 10, and 15 days after inoculation. However, ASM at a higher concentration (50 μM) did not appreciably enhance the population sizes of either bacterial isolate in the rhizosphere. Enhanced bacterial cell densities in the rhizosphere of tomato plants were also determined following simultaneous treatments of tomato roots with 10 and 20 μM ASM in combination with the transformed isolate G309-384 (mini-Tn5gfp), which encodes the green fluorescent protein.Key words: acibenzolar-S-methyl, fluorescent pseudomonads, green fluorescent protein, tomato.

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49

., B. O. Oboirien, B. Amigun ., T. V. Ojumu ., O. A. Ogunkunle ., O. A. Adetunji ., E. Betiku . e B. O. Solomon . "Substrate Inhibition Kinetics of Phenol Degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescence". Biotechnology(Faisalabad) 4, n. 1 (15 dicembre 2004): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2005.56.61.

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50

Gipp, S., J. Hahn, K. Taraz e H. Budzikiewicz. "Zwei Pyoverdine aus Pseudomonas aeruginosa R. / Two Pyoverdins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa R". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, n. 7-8 (1 agosto 1991): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-7-806.

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