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1
Salikhova, Leila B. "Formation of Provisional Government Bodies in Dagestan". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 21, n. 2 (8 luglio 2019): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-2-365-374.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study features the formation of the Provisional Government bodies in Dagestan during the revolutions and Civil War, such as the Provisional Regional Executive Committee and the Commissars of the Dagestan region. The research was based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, which allowed the authors to determine the reliability of the used historical sources. The consequences of the February revolution in Russia affected the Dagestan region. During this period, various organizations struggled for power: the Council of Workers' Deputies, the Council of Soldiers' and Officers' Deputies, religious societies, Muslim committees, millicommittees, etc. However, the military governor was rep-laced by the Provisional Government, which had existed until April-May 1918. The Provisional Regional Executive Committee was formed in March 1917. Subsequently, it transformed several times. New commissars replaced former chiefs in the districts of the Dagestan region. The population of the region, which initially distrusted the elections, gradually began to get involved in the political process. The bodies of the Provisional Government included the Commissars of the Dagestan region. They had a lot of internal conflicts, as well as an open political confrontation with the Provisional Regional Executive Committee. These disagreements prevented effective work. The results of the research can be used in further study of the issue, in general studies on the matter, in a course of Dagestan history, or special courses on the history of the revolution and the Civil War.
2
Sepelev, O. O. "Activities of the Moscow province food committee in the implementation of the food policy of the provisional government in 1917". History: facts and symbols, n. 3 (27 settembre 2023): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2410-4205-2023-36-3-137-148.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. The article deals with the problem of providing food to the Moscow province in 1917. An analysis of the activities of the Moscow Provincial Food Committee allows us to trace the features of the food business in Russia, to find ways out of the current situation with the supply of bread and essentials to the province. Food policy at all times is the basis of the national security of the country, as it includes economic, social, national factors that provide the basis for the stability of the state. The food crisis that began in 1916 became the catalyst for the revolutionary processes of 1917 in Russia. Turning to the activities of the tsarist government, the Provisional Government in the field of regulating the agrarian issue, providing food for the army and the civilian population, one can trace the policy mechanisms of the proposed reforms, their positive and negative sides.Materials and methods. There were no special studies devoted to the activities of the Moscow Provincial Food Committee directly, as a rule, the topics of food supplies for Moscow were touched upon, but the issue of supplying the population of the province was not investigated. For the analysis of materials, we used system-structural and system methods.Results. Based on archival materials, the article focuses on the rule-making activities of the committee in the field of regulating the work of local committees, instructors, and agents. Practical work is shown on organizing the provision of food to the population of the province, setting fixed prices, accounting for the harvest of 1917, etc.Conclusion. As a result, the Moscow Provincial Food Committee performed all the functions assigned to it by the provisional regulation, implemented the law on the grain monopoly, but the inconsistency of the decisions made by the Provisional Government, the inefficiency of the system of the procurement apparatus, did not allow the planned measures to be taken in solving the food issue.
3
Lobov, Mikhail N. "Vladimir Provincial Provisional Executive Committee and Preparations for the Elections to the Constituent Assembly". Университетский научный журнал, n. 77 (25 dicembre 2023): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25807/22225064_2023_77_141.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main purpose of this article is to review the activities of the Vladimir Provincial Provisional Executive Committee dedicated to the preparation of the province population for the elections to the Russian Constituent Assembly. The Provisional Government, formed after the February Revolution of 1917, claimed only temporary powers, intending to transfer all the authority to the new government elected at the Constituent Assembly. To do this, in turn, it was necessary to elect delegates from all provinces and military districts, as well as to explain the importance of the Constituent Assembly election to the population. As a local self-government body in the province, the Vladimir Provincial Provisional Executive Committee assumed obligations to assist the Provisional Government in the performance of its tasks.
4
Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi. "Review of A. B. Nikolaev, Revoliutsiia i vlast’: How Has Nikolaev Changed the Interpretation of the February Revolution?" Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography 6, n. 1 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102388-00600003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A.B. Nikolaev’s book has not received much attention either in the West or in Russia, but it is an important book that has significantly changed our understanding the February Revolution of 1917. Nikolaev’s meticulously researched monograph, based on a wide array of new sources, challenges the previously dominant interpretation that the Provisional Committee of the State Duma (Duma Committee) was forced to seize power only to stem the tide of the insurgency from below. He argues that the Duma Committee was from its inception clear about its intention to overthrow the old regime and to create a new power to replace it even before the Petrograd Soviet was formed. The Duma Committee played a crucial role in prompting military units to take the side of the revolution, in steering the insurgents to the State Duma, in creating the Military Commission to organize insurgents to occupy strategic positions in the city, in taking over the food supply commission to feed the insurgents, in attacking and destroying the tsarist police, while preventing and suppressing potentially dangerous anarchical pogroms, and in taking control over the imperial bureaucracy. Nikolaev also raises an interesting question about the relationship between the Duma Committee, the State Duma and the Provisional Government by arguing that the Provisional Government made a hasty and cardinal mistake in cutting its relationship with the State Duma. This book is a landmark in the interpretation of the February Revolution, and especially of the role of the Duma liberals in the revolution.
5
DUPONT, ROBERT L. "Drug Screening". Pediatrics 85, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1990): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.85.2.233.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To the Editor.— The joint report of the committee on Adolescence, the Committee on Bioethics, and the Provisional Committee on Substance Abuse (Pediatrics 1989;84:396-398) appears to miss the mark by a wide margin. Drugs and kids are a bad combination. Those of us concerned about children and youth need to work to help them grow up drug free. Screening for drug use is no more a violation of privacy than is screening for diabetes or tuberculosis.
6
Sergey K., Ignatyev. "Peculiarities of Establishment of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma". History of State and Law, n. 3 (marzo 2018): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3805-2018-3-43-47.
Testo completo
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Daetaek Lee. "1947 Korean Olympic Committee provisional recognition andthe role of Avery Brundage". Korean Journal of Sport Science 29, n. 2 (giugno 2018): 354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2018.29.2.354.
Testo completo
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Kosterin, Sergey V. "WARSAW PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE ON FIGHTING THE FAMINE IN RUSSIA (1921–1922)". RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series History. Philology. Cultural Studies. Oriental Studies, n. 1 (2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6355-2016-1-59-67.
Testo completo
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Lee, Jae Ho. "The Installation and operation Standing committee of the Korean Provisional Congress". Historical Association for Soong-Sil 41 (31 dicembre 2018): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.16942/ssh.2018.40.6.09.
Testo completo
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Shalaby, Marwa M., e Laila Elimam. "Women in Legislative Committees in Arab Parliaments". Comparative Politics 53, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2020): 139–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5129/001041520x15869554405663.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Extant studies have predominantly focused on women's numerical presence in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)'s legislatures, yet, research examining the role played by female politicians continues to be limited. To bridge this gap, we study one of the most important, albeit overlooked, bodies within these assemblies: legislative committees. Using an original dataset on committee memberships (n=4580), our data show that females are significantly marginalized from influential committees and tend to be sidelined to social issues and women's committees. To explain this, we develop a theory of provisional gender stereotyping. We argue that the duration of quota implementation shapes women's access to influential committees. We focus on two mechanisms to support our argument: a redistribution of power dynamics within legislative bodies and women's political expertise.
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Ignatyev, Sergey K. "The Provisional Committee of the State Duma: on the Way to Government". History of state and law 12 (5 dicembre 2018): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3805-2018-12-60-65.
Testo completo
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Fayzullin, A. R. "Situation and Activity of Tatar Muslim Community in Kazan Province after the 1917 February Revolution (February — October 1917)". Islam in the modern world 15, n. 3 (29 ottobre 2019): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22311/2074-1529-2019-15-3-137-150.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article deals with events related to the situation and activities of the Muslim Tatars of Russia after the February 1917 revolution. The revolution divided the Muslim Tatars of Russia of all strata and views into the opposing groups and movements that actively pursued their policies. Socio-political organizations and institutions were created, some of which supported the Provisional Government, while the others supported the Bolshevik Party. Initially, the Muslim clergy, headed by Mufti of Orenburg Spiritual assembly Muhammad-Safa Bayazitov, did not support the February revolution, that is why the assembly was dissolved by leaders of the Tatar bourgeoisie and nobility of Ufa. In May 1917, the First all-Russian Muslim Congress took place in Moscow, at which a number of important decisions were made, including the recognizing of equality of women and the land commodification. In contrast to the Kazan Muslim Committee supporting the Provisional Government, the Kazan Bolshevik Party in early April 1917 organized the Muslim Socialist Committee, headed by the revolutionary Bolshevik Mullanur Vakhitov, led his work among the working Muslims of the Tatars. The Kazan Muslim Committee relied on the intellectuals, the wealthy peasants, the clergy, the Tatar-Muslim bourgeoisie, and the Muslim Socialist Committee did more stakes on the Tatar workers. The October Revolution led to the victory of the Bolsheviks, who were supported by Muslim left socialists.
13
Salihova, Leyla B., e Burkutbay G. Ayagan. "DAGESTAN REGION BETWEEN THE TWO REVOLUTIONS OF 1917 (BALANCE OF SOCIO-POLITICAL POWERS)". History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 16, n. 4 (18 dicembre 2020): 952–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch164952-968.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article discusses the distribution of socio-political powers in Dagestan region during the period of the February and October revolutions of 1917. The aim of the paper is to examine the process of formation of socio-political groups, to consider their opposition. The February events of 1917 in Petrograd led to the victory of the revolution. In this regard, a difficult situation arose in the Dagestan region: the victory led to a deterioration of the political situation, to demarcation within the opposing political forces. The paper highlights the formation of various political groups and government bodies which replaced tsarism. The study shows that the Provisional Regional Executive Committee and its district and local authorities, Councils of Soldiers and Officers (Workers) Deputies, religious communities, organizations belonging to one or another ethnic group, etc. were organized in the region. The authors point out the organization of the Provisional Regional Executive Committee, which became the body of power of the Provisional Government, to the opposition of the members of the committee itself, to the organization of Union of Allied Mountaineers of the North Caucasus and Dagestan, etc. The fact that representatives of socio-political groups took an active part in congresses and meetings held in the North Caucasus, Dagestan is noted.
Analysis of the period under study demonstrates that the political situation in Dagestan was tense, however the struggle of opposing parties was carried out within the democratic principles. It mainly manifested itself in the struggle between the socialist group and representatives of N. Gotsinsky. When writing the paper, the works of domestic researchers was used, among which the works of contemporaries of revolutionary events.
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Nikolaev, Andrei Borisovich. "Russia’s Political System from March to October 1917: Basic Features and Stages of Development". Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography 12, n. 1 (23 settembre 2019): 97–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102388-01201003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article analyzes the formula of authority that constituted the basis for the Provisional Government. The author labels this formula the Third of March system. The Third of March system began to dissolve during the political crisis of the “April days”, when the Provisional Government decided to jettison the formulation of its authority that had been so convenient to the Chairman of the State Duma, Mikhail Vladimirovich Rodzianko. The government had contemplated vesting sovereign authority in the Temporary Committee of the State Duma, thereby resurrecting the legislative function of the bicameral Russian parliament, and making the legislature responsible to the executive. The Third of March system finally disintegrated on 6 October 1917, when the Provisional Government dispersed the State Duma and recognized that the authority of members of the State Council had lost its force. The demolition of the Third of March political system led to the liquidation of the Provisional Government’s authority.
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Spaans, J. A. "ECDIS Sea Trials". Journal of Navigation 45, n. 1 (gennaio 1992): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300010432.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In 1989 the International Maritime Organization (IMO) published its Provisional Performance Standards (PPS) for ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems) and asked member governments to assess these standards and submit their findings to the Sub-Committee on Safety of Navigation. IMO intends to finalize the standards in 1993.
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Vallikivi, Hannes. "Kodanikuõiguste peatükk Eesti 1919. aasta ajutises põhiseaduses [Abstract: Civil Rights Chapter in Estonia’s 1919 Preliminary Constitution]". Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal, n. 3/4 (16 giugno 2020): 293–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/aa.2019.3-4.01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many of the new states that emerged or reconstituted themselves after the First World War used declarations of independence or preliminary constitutions, or both, as organic law until the adoption of a permanent constitution. The majority of those documents did not address the civil and political rights of citizens (e.g. Germany, Ireland) or did so very briefly (e.g. Austria, Czechoslovakia, Georgia, Latvia). Estonia stood out by having a whole chapter dedicated to civil rights in its preliminary constitution.
The Preliminary Constitution of Estonia (valitsemise ajutine kord) was adopted by the Constituent Assembly (Asutav Kogu) on 4 June 1919, only six weeks after the Assembly first convened on 23 April 1919. The Constituent Assembly was elected and worked on the Preliminary Constitution at the time of the War of Independence between Estonia and Soviet Russia. Strong left-wing sentiment in the country’s society was reflected in the composition of the Assembly: social democrats held 41 seats, the Labour Party (tööerakond) held 30 seats, and Socialist-Revolutionaries (esseerid) held seven seats, together accounting for 65 per cent of the total 120 seats. The centrist People’s Party (rahvaerakond) led by the journalist and renowned politician Jaan Tõnisson had 25 seats, the centre-right Rural League (maaliit) led by another prominent politician and lawyer Konstantin Päts had only seven seats, the Christian People’s Party had five seats, three seats belonged to representatives of the German minority, and one seat went to the Russian minority. Similar proportions were reflected in the 15-member Constitution Committee that was elected on 24 April 1919.
The first draft of the Preliminary Constitution, and of the Civil Rights Chapter as part of it, was allegedly prepared by a young legal scholar named Jüri Uluots. Uluots was a member of the Special Committee that was already convened by the Provisional Government in March of 1919 before the election of the Constituent Assembly. The Special Committee was composed of eight lawyers, each of whom was appointed by one of the major political parties. It was assigned the task to provide first drafts of the provisional and permanent constitutions. The Committee fulfilled only the first task. Due to disagreements in the Special Committee, the draft Preliminary Constitution was submitted to the Assembly without the Civil Rights Chapter.
The Constituent Assembly processed the Preliminary Constitution Bill very quickly. The Assembly and its committees worked six days a week. It took about three weeks for the Constitution Committee to modify the Bill and submit it to the plenary session of the Assembly on 18 May 1919. The plenary session read the Bill three times and adopted it on 4 June 1919. The Preliminary Constitution entered into force on 9 July 1919 and was in force until 21 December 1920, when Estonia’s first Constitution entered into full force.
The Committee spent considerable time on discussing the Civil Rights Chapter. Although concerns were expressed that the Committee was losing time with such discussions and suggestions were made to develop the chapter later as part of the permanent Constitution, the majority of the Committee deemed it important to also address civil rights in the Bill. Uluots, who had been elected to the Assembly as a candidate of the Rural League and was also a member of the Committee, submitted his draft Civil Rights Chapter to the Committee.
Four out of eight sections in the Uluots draft found their way into the Chapter. These included equality before the law, civil and political rights and freedoms, and extraordinary restrictions. Sections regarding the right to participate in politics and the duty to obey the law (including military duty and the duty to pay taxes) were rejected at the plenary session, and the section regarding the right to private property was already omitted by the Committee. Also, the Committee preferred the social security provision proposed by the leader of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, the schoolmaster Hans Kruus, to the one included in the Uluots draft. The Committee added a new provision concerning education and rejected the right to choose occupations and engage in business proposed by a People’s Party member, the military officer Karl Einbund, and a provision entitling citizens to bring criminal charges against corrupt officials proposed by the social democrat, lawyer and journalist Johan Jans.
The first section of the Uluots draft declared all citizens equal before the law. Disputes arouse over the second sentence of the provision. Uluots had proposed that all property and other rights relating to social ranks (the privileges of the nobility) should be abolished. The social democrats (Jans, the writer Karl Ast and others) demanded that privileges and titles should be abolished immediately. Their more moderate opponents (Uluots, Tõnisson, Westholm and others) feared that this would create a legal vacuum in property, inheritance and matrimonial rights. The majority of the Assembly supported the more radical approach and declared that there are no privileges and titles relating to ranks in Estonia. The law implementing the abolition was adopted a year later, in June of 1920.
The school headmaster Jakob Westholm, a member of the People’s Party, and Villem Ernits, a social democrat, proposed that the Committee should include a provision concerning education. Their original proposal was scaled back by omitting the duration of mandatory elementary education and by deleting the right to free secondary and university education for talented students. The Preliminary Constitution eventually stipulated (§ 5) that education is compulsory for school age children and is free in elementary schools, and that every citizen is entitled to education in his/her mother tongue. The Committee combined civil and political rights, which were originally in two separate provisions in the Uluots draft, into one section (§ 6) stipulating that the inviolability of the person and home, secrecy of correspondence, freedom of conscience, religion, expression, language, press, assembly, association, and movement can only be restricted in accordance with the law. There were no disputes over the provision in the Committee or at the plenary session.
The Committee preferred the proposal made by Kruus as the basis for further discussions on social security: “Every citizen will be guaranteed a decent standard of living according to which every citizen will have the right to receive the goods and support necessary for the satisfaction of his/her basic needs before less urgent needs of other citizens are satisfied. For that purpose, citizens must be guaranteed the obtaining of employment, the protection of motherhood and work safety, and necessary state support in the case of youth, old age, work disability and accidents.” While the last part of Kruus’ proposal was similar to Uluots’ draft and the term “decent standard of living” resembled the German menschenwürdiges Dasein (later adopted in Article 151 of the Weimar Constitution), the origin of the middle part of the provision remains unclear. The social security provision was by far the most extensively debated provision of the Chapter. The main issue was the state’s ability to fulfil its promises and whether social security should take the form of direct allowances or mandatory insurance.Views diverged even within the same parliamentary groups. The Committee replaced “will be guaranteed” with the less imperative “must be guaranteed in accordance with the law”. As a compromise, it deleted the middle part guaranteeing satisfaction of basic needs since it was deemed ‘too communist’ for many members. The plenary session supported adding the right to acquire land for cultivation and dwelling in the second sentence of the provision (§ 7) just before the adoption of the Bill.
The last section in the Chapter (§ 8) provided that extraordinary restrictions of the rights and freedoms of citizens and the imposition of burdens come into force in the event of the proclamation of a state of emergency on the basis and within the limits of the corresponding laws. In the course of the discussions led by the lawyer and member of the Labour Party, Lui Olesk, the Committee turned the original general limitations clause into an emergency powers clause resembling similar provisions in the Russian Constitution of 1906 (Article 83) and the Austrian Basic Law on the General Rights of Nationals of 1867 (Article 20).
Uluots urged the Committee to include protection of private property in the Bill as a safeguard against tyranny. The provision caused long and heated debates on the limits to nationalisation of private property, especially the principle of fair compensation. The provision was rejected by the majority of both the Committee and the plenary session. In anticipation of land reform, the deputies did not want to narrow down legal options for the expropriation of large estates owned mostly by the German nobility. After their defeat on the protection of private property, the right-wing members wished to protect freedom to choose an occupation and engage in business, trade, industry and agriculture. The majority refused again, arguing that during the war, there had been too much profiteering, and speculators do not deserve protection, and also that the government should have free hands to regulate industry.
Without any long deliberations, the Committee also rejected the proposal to allow citizens to sue civil servants in criminal courts. Jans defended his proposal by pointing out the high level of corruption among officials and the need to provide the people with a means for self-defence. His opponents argued that Estonia had already set up administrative courts in February of 1919, providing citizens with an avenue for challenging the corrupt practices of officials.
Committee and Assembly members also discussed the legal nature of the fundamental rights and freedoms included in the Bill. Some social democrats deemed it important to craft the provisions as guarantees that citizens can enforce against the state (Jans), but the majority deemed the provisions as political guidance for the legislator. Supporters of the latter view were afraid that direct enforceability of the Civil Rights Chapter would saddle the government with an unsurmountable economic burden. The state’s only directly binding obligation was probably the right to free elementary education.
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Vasilyev, Ilia A. "Contaminated product and lifting a mandatory provisional suspension: Is there a new standard of proof in case of the All-Russian Anti-Doping Rules?" Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 13, n. 3 (2022): 804–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.314.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The story of the possible temporary suspension of Russian figure skating star Kamila Valieva during the 2022 Olympic Games was discussed as actively as the results of the competitions. The figure skater passed a positive doping test during the competition in December 2021 but only found out about it on February 8. The Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA) applied a mandatory provisional suspension to the athlete. However, on February 9, the RUSADA Disciplinary Anti-Doping Committee, at the appeal of the skater, lifted the decision of RUSADA on suspension and the athlete was able to take part in the Olympic games. The International Skating Union, the International Olympic Committee, and the World Anti- Doping Agency (WADA) filed appeals against the Anti-Doping Committee’s decision. The Court of Arbitration for Sport denied all appeals and affirmed the decision of the RUSADA Anti-Doping Committee. The key point was the status of the skater a protected person according to the view of the WADA World Anti-Doping Code — a protected person. At the same time, the special regime for a protected person did not extend to the standard of proof. Such an athlete, like any other athlete, must prove on the basic of a “balance of probability” that a prohibited substance was entered through a contaminated product to lift a mandatory provisional suspension. In the opinion of the RUSADA Anti-Doping Committee, the athlete was able to prove a “reasonable possibility” of a prohibited substance entering her body through a contaminated product. The literal application of the norm of the All-Russian Anti-Doping Rules, in contrast to the WADA Code, is required to prove that “the violation most likely occurred due to the use of a contaminated product”. The extraordinary situation is commented on by the author.
18
BROWNE, JANET. "Officers and council members of the British Society for the History of Science, 1947–97". British Journal for the History of Science 30, n. 1 (marzo 1997): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087496002919.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As described elsewhere in this issue of BJHS, preliminary steps towards founding a society for the history of science in Britain were taken in 1946. A meeting was held at the Science Museum, London, on 22 November 1946, chaired by Herbert Dingle, at which Gavin de Beer formally proposed the foundation of a history of science society, seconded by Michael Roberts. A provisional committee was appointed to draw up rules and a constitution.
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Bilder, Robert M., Karen S. Postal, Mark Barisa, Darrin M. Aase, C. Munro Cullum, Stephen R. Gillaspy, Lana Harder et al. "Inter Organizational Practice Committee Recommendations/Guidance for Teleneuropsychology in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic†". Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, n. 6 (15 luglio 2020): 647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa046.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Objective The Inter Organizational Practice Committee convened a workgroup to provide rapid guidance about teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A collaborative panel of experts from major professional organizations developed provisional guidance for neuropsychological practice during the pandemic. The stakeholders included the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology/American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology, the National Academy of Neuropsychology, Division 40 of the American Psychological Association, the American Board of Professional Neuropsychology, and the American Psychological Association Services, Inc. The group reviewed literature; collated federal, regional, and state regulations and information from insurers; and surveyed practitioners to identify best practices. Results Literature indicates that TeleNP may offer reliable and valid assessments, but clinicians need to consider limitations, develop new informed consent procedures, report modifications of standard procedures, and state limitations to diagnostic conclusions and recommendations. Specific limitations affect TeleNP assessments of older adults, younger children, individuals with limited access to technology, and individuals with other individual, cultural, and/or linguistic differences. TeleNP may be contraindicated or infeasible given specific patient characteristics, circumstances, and referral questions. Considerations for billing TeleNP services are offered with reservations that clinicians must verify procedures independently. Guidance about technical issues and “tips” for TeleNP procedures are provided. Conclusion This document provides provisional guidance with links to resources and established guidelines for telepsychology. Specific recommendations extend these practices to TeleNP. These recommendations may be revised as circumstances evolve, with updates posted continuously at IOPC.online.
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Oren, Aharon, George M. Garrity, Charles T. Parker, Maria Chuvochina e Martha E. Trujillo. "Lists of names of prokaryotic Candidatus taxa". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, n. 7 (1 luglio 2020): 3956–4042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.003789.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We here present annotated lists of names of Candidatus taxa of prokaryotes with ranks between subspecies and class, proposed between the mid-1990s, when the provisional status of Candidatus taxa was first established, and the end of 2018. Where necessary, corrected names are proposed that comply with the current provisions of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes and its Orthography appendix. These lists, as well as updated lists of newly published names of Candidatus taxa with additions and corrections to the current lists to be published periodically in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, may serve as the basis for the valid publication of the Candidatus names if and when the current proposals to expand the type material for naming of prokaryotes to also include gene sequences of yet-uncultivated taxa is accepted by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes.
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Swing, Susan R., Stephen G. Clyman, Eric S. Holmboe e Reed G. Williams. "Advancing Resident Assessment in Graduate Medical Education". Journal of Graduate Medical Education 1, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2009): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-09-00010.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Background The Outcome Project requires high-quality assessment approaches to provide reliable and valid judgments of the attainment of competencies deemed important for physician practice. Intervention The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) convened the Advisory Committee on Educational Outcome Assessment in 2007–2008 to identify high-quality assessment methods. The assessments selected by this body would form a core set that could be used by all programs in a specialty to assess resident performance and enable initial steps toward establishing national specialty databases of program performance. The committee identified a small set of methods for provisional use and further evaluation. It also developed frameworks and processes to support the ongoing evaluation of methods and the longer-term enhancement of assessment in graduate medical education. Outcome The committee constructed a set of standards, a methodology for applying the standards, and grading rules for their review of assessment method quality. It developed a simple report card for displaying grades on each standard and an overall grade for each method reviewed. It also described an assessment system of factors that influence assessment quality. The committee proposed a coordinated, national-level infrastructure to support enhancements to assessment, including method development and assessor training. It recommended the establishment of a new assessment review group to continue its work of evaluating assessment methods. The committee delivered a report summarizing its activities and 5 related recommendations for implementation to the ACGME Board in September 2008.
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Guochang, Zhou, e Sun Yizhi. "Liquidation of the Soviet presence in Shanghai (1927—1928)". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, n. 10-4 (1 ottobre 2020): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi96.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the liquidation of the Soviet presence in Shanghai after the April 12 Incident in 1927 during the final stage of Chiang Kaishek’s Northern Expedition. The authors identified two periods of liquidation activity: 1) from the eve of the April 12 Incident to the Guangzhou Uprising; 2) from the Guangzhou Uprising to the fourth meeting of the Provisional Committee for Dealing with Commercial Organizations of Soviet Russia in Shanghai. The authors analyzed “Dalbank’s Cases (I and II)”, “Tsentrosoyuz’s Cases (I and II)” and “The Textile Syndicate’s Case”.
23
Kozlov, Feodor N. "WORD AND DEAL: TOUCHES TO THE PORTRAIT OF THE CHURCH LIFE IN YADRINSKY UYEZD IN MAY 1917". Historical Search 1, n. 3 (21 dicembre 2020): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-3-120-126.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article deals with the state confessional politics of the Provisional Government period. The emphasis is made on the regional aspect. The focus of attention is a specific episode of the events development in Yadrinsky uyezd of Kazan Governorate. In May 1917, one of the volost food committees by the “application of parishioners of all parishes” issued a resolution on the new rules of financial and bread support to the local clergy. Establishment of such norms exceeded their authority and caused a natural response. Fortunately the rural deans’ councils searching protection turned to the Provincial Commissar of the Provisional Government, pointing to the ineligibility of actions on the part of the local civil authority. The emphasis in the petition of the clergy was immediately placed on serious negative consequences, which the accepted document was capable to cause. The situation was not unusual: conflicts of secular and religious authorities took place in other volosts and uyezds. This happened against the background of peasants’ unrest. Provincial authorities in a categorical form ordered the uyezd leadership to “put in proper place” their local organization. In the analyzed example, the situation was resolved safely: by the decision of Yadrinsky uyezd committee of public safety, the standard act of the local body was cancelled, but the situation as a whole required not a point solution, but a holistic approach. In order to prevent such excesses in the future, special “Conciliation Commissions for the Settlement of Conflicts Arising between Parishioners and the Clergy in Kazan, uyezd towns and villages» were organized.
24
BENNETT, J. A. "Museums and the establishment of the history of science at Oxford and Cambridge". British Journal for the History of Science 30, n. 1 (marzo 1997): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087496002889.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the Spring of 1944, an informal discussion took place in Cambridge between Mr. R. S. Whipple, Professor Allan Ferguson and Mr. F. H. C. Butler, concerning the formation of a national Society for the History of Science.This is the opening sentence of the inaugural issue of the Bulletin of the British Society for the History of Science, the Society's first official publication. Butler himself was the author of this outline account of the subsequent approach to the Royal Society, the parallel moves to establish a National Committee of the International Academy of the History of Science, the formation of a provisional committee to prepare a draft constitution for a national society, and the proceedings of the first Annual General Meeting in May 1947. Whipple had been in Cambridge to discuss his offer to present his collection of old scientific instruments to the University and the possible foundation of a new museum, and Butler, as Secretary of the History of Science Committee in Cambridge, was the chief mover in both this development and an initiative coupled with it to establish a department of the history of science.
25
Kotyukova, Tatiana. "The Russian Revolution in Turkestan Through the Eyes of an Eyewitness: “Red”-“White” Memoirs of Alexander Gzovsky". Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, n. 1 (2022): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640018259-2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The memoirs of the publicist and writer Alexander Gzovsky, a participant in the revolutionary events in Turkestan, are centred around several dramatic events that took place in Central Asia in late 1917 and early 1918: the fall of tsarism and the coming to power of the Turkestan Committee of the Provisional Government, the defeat of the Turkestan Committee of the Provisional Government and the coming to power of the Bolsheviks, the proclamation of Turkestan (Kokand) autonomy and its liquidation by the Bolsheviks and, finally, the Bolshevik, the so-called Kolesov campaign in Bukhara in March 1918. The “Social Revolution in Turkestan (memoirs)”, written from Bolshevik positions and published on the territory of Soviet Belarus in 1919 and “Crescent and Red Star (Turkestan memoirs)”, written by A. Gzovsky from anti-Bolshevik positions after emigrating to Poland in 1922 in Polish. The source-research value of Gzovsky's writings lies in the fact that they contain diametrically opposite assessments of events, which provides a comprehensive view of the political situation in Turkestan and broadens the existing understanding in historical science of what happened there in 1917–1918, in particular: what were the political discourses of the Muslim organizations of Turkestan; what place Turkestan occupied in the discourses of all-Russian political parties; what was the “Turkestan agenda” in the All-Russian Muslim movement; can the “circuits of Kokand autonomy” be discovered before the creation of the Bolshevik government in Tashkent; what guided the Bolsheviks in Turkestan: class or national consciousness?
26
Sudika Mangku, Dewa Gede. "Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbatasan Darat di Segmen Bidjael Sunan – Oben antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste". Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 5, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um019v5i2p252-260.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study aims to analyze the settlement of land border disputes in the Sunan-Oben Bidjael Segment between Indonesia and Timor Leste based on international law. This research is a normative study that uses a statutory editor. The results of this study indicate that both Indonesia and Timor Leste have formed a Joint Border Committee as a forum for resolving land boundary disputes which was then continued to form the Technical Sub-Committee on Border Demarcation and Regulation (TSC - BDR) which has agreed to use the Convention for the Demarcation of Portuguese and Dutch Dominions on the Island of Timor 1904 (Treaty 1904) and Permanent Court of Arbitration 1914 (PCA 1914) as the legal basis for determining and confirming land boundaries between Indonesia and Timor Leste. Based on the 2005 Provisional Agreement Article 6 point (b), which implies that local communities, in this case, indigenous peoples / traditional leaders at the borders are given space to be involved in the dispute resolution process that occurs on the border of the two countries by promoting peaceful and non-violent methods in accordance with Article 8 Provisional Agreement 2005. Whereas the people who inhabit West Timor (Indonesia) and the people who live in East Timor (Timor Leste) have the same socio-cultural background, so it can be ascertained that the customary law system that applies in these two groups of people the same. The substance of the customary law can regulate land issues, as well as the boundaries of customary territories, the potential for customary leaders to actually play a negotiating role to resolve these problems.
27
Monteiro, Seguito. "YURISDIKSI NEGARA PANTAI DI WILAYAH DELIMITASI MARITIM ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF YANG BELUM DITETAPKAN BERDASARKAN KETENTUAN HUKUM LAUT INTERNASIONAL (Study di Timor Leste-Indonesia)". Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH) 6, n. 1 (26 febbraio 2020): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v6i1.23770.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
First Meeting Joint Border Committee Indonesia-Timor Leste dilaksanakan pada 18-19 Desember 2002 di Jakarta. Pada tahap ini disepakati penentuan batas darat berupa deliniasi dan demarkasi, yang dilanjutkan dengan perundingan penentuan batas maritim. Kemudian perundingan Joint Border Committee kedua diselenggarakan di Dilli, pada Juli 2003, di lanjutkan dengan Provisional Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste on the Land Boundary yang ditandatangani pada 8 April 2005. Kewajiban untuk membuat pegaturan mengenai peraturan perbatasan sementara antara kedua negara diatur dalam Pasal 74 ayat (3) dan Pasal 83 ayat (3) UNCLOS yang mengatakan sambil menunggu suatu persetujuan delimitasi batas maritim, Negara-negara yang bersangkutan, dengan semangat saling pengertian dan kerjasama, harus melakukan upaya untuk mengadakan pengaturan sementara yang bersifat praktis dan, selama masa peralihan ini, tidak membahayakan atau menghalangi dicapainya suatu persetujuan akhir. Kata Kunci:Yuridiksi Negara, Delimitasi Maritim, Timor Leste, Indonesia.
28
Wallace, Derek. "What the Convention requires". Journal of Language and Politics 16, n. 6 (16 ottobre 2017): 809–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.16032.wal.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract How can conduct be enforced when governmental relations are entirely reliant on linguistic exchange? This is the question at stake in such jurisdictions as the United Nations when nations sign up to legally non-binding commitments. The few commentators in this area hold that non-enforceability gives states the upper hand in this relationship. The research reported here, however, challenges that conclusion. By looking at textual exchanges of reporting and assessment respectively between the New Zealand government and the Committee on the Rights of the Child over a twenty year period, this paper identifies the linguistic and rhetorical strategies by which each party attempts to orient the conduct of the other. The conclusion reached, which can still only be provisional, is that, through nothing other than unwavering reiteration of its mandate, the UN committee gradually exhausts the evasive and countering tactics of the state party to bring about a degree of compliance.
29
Walker, Marsha. "Letters to the Editor". Pediatrics 95, n. 4 (1 aprile 1995): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.95.4.617.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I read with interest the report by the Provisional Committee for Quality Improvement and Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia (Pediatrics 1994;94:558-565) entitled, "Practice Parameter: Management of Hyperbilirubinemia in the Healthy Term Newborn." I wish to make a couple of comments on jaundice and the breast-fed newborn. It was gratifying to see recommendations discouraging the interruption of breast-feeding and eliminating the use of supplemental water or dextrose and water in this situation. Many jaundiced breast-fed newborns simply need more breast milk, ie, more feedings and a check to see that the newborn is swallowing milk at breast.
30
Seidman, Daniel S., e David K. Stevenson. "The Issues of Hyperbilirubinemia". Pediatrics 96, n. 3 (1 settembre 1995): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.3.543.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
"Tis with our judgments as our watches, none go just alike, yet each believes his own." Alexander Pope An Essay on Criticism, 1711. The practice parameter published recently by the American Academy of Pediatrics Provisional Committee for Quality Improvement and Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia1 introduces clearly the major points for which a consensus exists between experts: 1. "Factors influencing bilirubin toxicity to the brain cells of newborn infants are complex and incompletely understood." 2. "It is not known at what bilirubin concentration or under what circumstances significant risk of brain damage occurs or when the risk of damage exceeds the risk of treatment."
31
Lindenmeyr, Adele. "“The First Woman in Russia”: Countess Sofia Panina and Women’s Political Participation in the Revolutions of 1917". Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography 9, n. 1 (17 ottobre 2016): 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102388-00900009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The unique political career of philanthropist Countess Sofia Panina in 1917 provides insight into the problem of women’s political participation in the Revolution. Panina could be found in almost all of Petrograd’s major power centers: the Kadet Central Committee, the Petrograd Duma, and the Provisional Government, where she was the only female assistant minister. Yet her political involvement before October was mainly limited to the feminine sphere of education and social service. After the Bolshevik takeover she turned the connections and status she had achieved through government and party service into a leading role in the anti-Bolshevik opposition movement.
32
Murphy, Sean D. "Identifying the Rules for Identifying Customary International Law". AJIL Unbound 108 (2014): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398772300002105.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The International Law Commission (ILC) decided in 2012 to add to its agenda a new topic on the “identification of customary international law” and to appoint Sir Michael Wood (United Kingdom) as special rapporteur. That project has reached an important point, with a series of Draft Conclusions having been cleared through the Commission’s Drafting Committee, and ready for the Commission’s provisional approval (together with commentaries) in 2015. As such, now is a propitious time for governments, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, scholars, and others to weigh in on the merits of these Draft Conclusions, and additional ones that will be developed in 2015–16.
33
Aksnes, K., M. E. Davies, C. de Bergh, M. Ya Marov, B. G. Marsden, P. Moore, T. C. Owen et al. "Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature (Wgpsn): (Groupe de Travail Pour la Nomenclature du Systeme Planetaire)". Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, n. 1 (2000): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00003448.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since July 1996, 815 new names on features on bodies in the Solar System have been assigned by the WGPSN and approved at the IAU General Assembly in Kyoto in 1997. Of these names, 666 were for Venus, 17 for Mars, 3 for the Moon, 125 for the Galilean satellites, 3 for the Uranian satellite Miranda, and 1 for the minor planet Ida. 71 additional names mostly on Venus have been selected and have been given or are awaiting provisional approval by the IAU Executive Committee (EC). These names are up for final approval at the next IAU General Assembly.
34
Stürzebecher, Maria. "Das Jüdisch-Mittelalterliche Erbe in Erfurt auf der Welterbeliste". Aschkenas 34, n. 1 (21 maggio 2024): 187–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asch-2024-2010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract On September 17, 2023, the Jewish Medieval Heritage in Erfurt was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List at the 45th session of the World Heritage Committee chaired by Saudi Arabia in Riyadh. This brought a decades-long process to its provisional conclusion, in which research into the history of the Jewish community in Erfurt in the Middle Ages and its material evidence had been intensified in preparation for the World Heritage application and also during the evaluation, thus leading to a great increase in knowledge. This process should and must continue, but an (interim) conclusion can be drawn in this paper.
35
Ellaine B. Iyog. "PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REPUBLIC ACT 9184 IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS". International Journal of Research in Commerce and Management Studies 06, n. 02 (2024): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38193/ijrcms.2024.6211.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Republic Act 9184 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR), also known as the Government Procurement Reform Act (GPRA) 2003, guide the Philippine government procurement system to ensure transparency, competitiveness, and accountability in the government's procurement of goods, infrastructure projects, and consulting services. This study aimed to determine the practices and challenges in the implementation of Republic Act 9184 in the local government units in Oroquita City. This study used a quantitative and descriptive survey design to assess the practice and challenges of implementing Republic Act 9184 in selected local government units in Misamis Occidental. The study's respondents included members of the Bids and Awards Committee, BAC-TWG, and Provisional BAC members (unit heads). The researcher adapted a standardized questionnaire from the Dagohoy et al. (2023) study. The results showed that local government units in Misamis Occidental rated their government procurement practices as "always practiced," indicating a high level of consistency. The Bids and Awards Committee faced significant challenges during the procurement process, placing it in the "much challenging" category. The researcher highly recommends that Local government units and municipalities may continue to prioritize and enhance their use of electronic procurement methods. Second, to address the issue of substandard items, the committee could enhance their supplier vetting process to select only reputable and high-quality vendors for procurement. Lastly, the committee should conduct regular reviews of past procurement projects to identify areas for improvement and continuously improve the procurement process.
36
Karushkina, Natalia. "Vasily Mikhailovich Vershinin − a Commissar of the Romanov Family and a Chronicler of the Revolution". Izvestia of Smolensk State University, n. 3(63) (19 dicembre 2023): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-63-3-119-135.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Vasily Mikhailovich Vershinin is a little-known participant of the February Revolution in Russia. His activities in 1917 were hardly subjected to research. Meanwhile, Vershinin was a confidant of the leader of the Provisional Government, A.F. Kerensky, also he was appointed three times as a commissar to oversee former members of the Romanov family. For the first time, as a member of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, on March 7–9, 1917, he accompanied the abdicated Emperor Nicholas II from Mogilev to Tsarskoe Selo. In August, already as a representative of the Provisional Government, Vershinin participated in the relocation of the former tsar's family to Tobolsk. In September, he was appointed a government commissar supervising former members of the Imperial House of Romanov in the Crimea, where the mother of Nicholas II, Maria Feodorovna, his two sisters,
Olga and Xenia, and other members of the royal family were kept under arrest. In addition, V.M. Vershinin is the author and initiator of unique historic documents – the journals of Nicholas II journeys to Tsarskoe Selo and Tobolsk, as well as the
«Protocol of the February Revolution». The «Protocol», the only copy of which Vershinin took into exile, was drawn up by deputies of the State Duma who were eyewitnesses of the events that took place in Petrograd and the Tauride Palace on the first days of the revolution. The article uses previously unpublished archival materials
and corrects historiographic errors
37
Shakhtorin, Alexander A., e Andrey E. Potapov. "Some Aspects of Modernization of Legal Regulation of the Organization and Functioning of Cossack Troops in the Late 50–70s of the XIX Century (Using the Example of the Kuban Cossack Army)". Общество: философия, история, культура, n. 12 (20 dicembre 2023): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/fik.2023.12.38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The materials of the article highlight the historical and legal aspects of the revision of legal regulations in the Kuban Cossack Army (hereinafter referred to as KCA) from the late 1950s to the early 1970s of the XIX century, as an essential component of reforming and improving the combat readiness of the second largest irregular military formation of the Russian Empire. The aim of the publication is to present, from the perspective of his-torical objectivity, the preconditions and reasons for the transformations carried out in the army, as well as the legal documents regulating various aspects of the peaceful and civil life of the Kuban Cossacks. The article also traces the course of legislative work of the Ministry of War, the Main Directorate of Irregular Troops and the Provisional Committee under the Directorate of Irregular Troops on the revision of Cossack legal provisions in the 60s of the XIX century. The authors conclude how the reform carried out by the Ministry of War in the sec-ond half of the 19th century affected the combat potential of the Kuban Cossack Army.
38
Delgado Bermejo, Juan Vicente, María Amparo Martínez Martínez, Guadalupe Rodríguez Galván, Angélika Stemmer, Francisco Javier Navas González e María Esperanza Camacho Vallejo. "Organization and Management of Conservation Programs and Research in Domestic Animal Genetic Resources". Diversity 11, n. 12 (6 dicembre 2019): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11120235.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Creating national committees for domestic animal genetic resources within genetic resource national commissions is recommended to organize in situ and ex situ conservation initiatives. In situ conservation is a high priority because it retains traditional zootechnical contexts and locations to ensure the long-term survival of breeds. In situ actions can be based on subsidies, technical support, structure creation, or trademark definition. Provisional or permanent relocation of breeds may prevent immediate extinction when catastrophes, epizootics, or social conflicts compromise in situ conservation. Ex situ in vivo (animal preservation in rescue or quarantine centers) and in vitro methods (germplasm, tissues/cells, DNA/genes storage) are also potential options. Alert systems must detect emergencies and summon the national committee to implement appropriate procedures. Ex situ coordinated centers must be prepared to permanently or provisionally receive extremely endangered collections. National germplasm banks must maintain sufficient samples of national breeds (duplicated) in their collections to restore extinct populations at levels that guarantee the survival of biodiversity. A conservation management survey, describing national and international governmental and non-governmental structures, was developed. Conservation research initiatives for international domestic animal genetic resources from consortia centralize the efforts of studies on molecular, genomic or geo-evolutionary breed characterization, breed distinction, and functional gene identification. Several consortia also consider ex situ conservation relying on socioeconomic or cultural aspects. The CONBIAND network (Conservation for the Biodiversity of Local Domestic Animals for Sustainable Rural Development) exemplifies conservation efficiency maximization in a low-funding setting, integrating several Latin American consortia with international cooperation where limited human, material, and economic resources are available.
39
Suffet, I. H., B. M. Brady, J. H. M. Bartels, G. Burlingame, J. Mallevialle e T. Yohe. "Development of the Flavor Profile Analysis Method into a Standard Method for Sensory Analysis of Water". Water Science and Technology 20, n. 8-9 (1 agosto 1988): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0217.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The standard methods committee for the 1990 edition of Standard Methods for the Analysis of Water and Wastewater has decided to consider adding a new (provisional) method for the sensory analysis of drinking water - Flavor profile analysis (FPA). A series of issues must be addressed before FPA can become a standard method. The methodology (e.g., temperature of aroma samples, sniffing technique, use of cups vs. flasks, rest intervals between samples, maximum number of samples examined per session) must be standardized. Reference standards for odors must be developed and implemented in order to achieve consistent odor quality descriptions. Development of a flavor wheel can help aid the classification and identification of odors.
40
Belevschuk, G. P. "OVERVIEW OF ACTIVITIES OF PRIMORSKY REGIONAL LABOR EXCHANGE FOR 1918". Vestnik Altaiskogo Gosudarstvennogo Pedagogiceskogo Universiteta, n. 49 (1 dicembre 2021): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2413-4481-2021-4-79-83.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the activities of Primorsky Regional Labor Exchange - an institution responsible for combating unemployment. The history of functioning of Labor Exchange in Primorsky region underwent several stages. The first stage is related to the activities of Provisional Government. The next one is the Soviet period, characterized by organizational work to establish a system of registration of the unemployed and the formation of the stock exchange committee. The third stage was the rule of non-Bolshevik governments, when there was an attempt to conduct statistical records of workers, enterprises and institutions in the region, as well as to find out the norms of remuneration.
41
NARKEWICZ, RICHARD M. "Role of Pediatrician in Pediatric Emergency Medical Services". Pediatrics 81, n. 5 (1 maggio 1988): 730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.81.5.730.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The statement by the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) Provisional Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine in this issue highlights the importance of pediatricians' involvement in emergency medical care for children. Pediatricians have responsibilities in advocating for children's unique needs in the emergency medical system at the state and regional levels and in individual practices as well. The AAP brings together many pediatric specialists in carrying out its role in this effort. In the primary care setting, the pediatrician's role is to promote safety and injury prevention when counseling parents. This is a crucial part of health supervision, and the AAP has developed The Injury Prevention Program (TIPP) to assist pediatricians.
42
Sarmanova, S., M. Kozybayeva e Kh Maslov. "Activities of the national intelligentsia to organize assistance to the Kazakhs mobilized for rear work during the First World War". Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 144, n. 3 (2023): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2023-144-3-39-50.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article examines the role of figures of the Alash movement and the Kazakh intelligentsia in organizing assistance to Kazakhs mobilized for rear work during the First World War. With the beginning of the requisition, the activities of public committees for the organization of assistance to mobilized Kazakhs intensified. The article examines the activities and his direct participation of Alikhan Bukeikhan and his associates in the creation of a foreign department under the Committee of the Union on the Western Front, which monitored the living and working conditions of the rear guards, dealt with their nutrition and treatment. The authors come to the conclusion that numerous appeals of «Alash» figures demanding the immediate return of Kazakh workers mobilized for rear duty and the cessation of further mobilization lead to the fact that the Provisional Government was forced to issue a special decree suspending the mobilization of Kazakhs for rear work. In general, the analysis of archival materials showed that the involvement of educated Kazakh youth in the work of the Foreign Department to assist compatriots mobilized for rear work allowed them to go through a serious political school, and they fully managed to prove themselves during the subsequent revolutions.
43
Milosavljevic, Boris. "Drafting the constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1920)". Balcanica, n. 50 (2019): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1950225m.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was internationally recognized during the Paris Peace Conference in 1919-20. Even though there was neither a provisional nor a permanent constitution of the newly-formed state, factually there was a state as well as a system of governance, represented by supreme bodies, the King and the Parliament. Many draft constitutions were prepared by different political parties and notable individuals. We shall focus on the official Draft Constitution prepared during the premiership of Stojan Protic. He appointed the Drafting Committee as a governmental (multi-ethnic) advisory team of prominent legal experts from different parts of the new state consisting of Professors Slobodan Jovanovic (President), Kosta Kumanudi and Lazar Markovic (Serbia), Professor Ladislav Polic (Croatia) and Dr Bogumil Vosnjak (Slovenia). After two months of work, the Committee submitted its draft to the Prime Minister. The leading Serbian legal scholar and president of the committee, Slobodan Jovanovic (1869-1958), was well-acquainted with the details of Austro-Hungarian and German legal traditions. Since he was an active participant and witness of the events that led to the creation of the new state, while also being an objective and critical historian, it is important to shed light on his firsthand account of the emergence of the state of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
44
Nikolaev, Andriej B. "Rewolucja parlamentarna: Piotrogród, 27 lutego – 3 marca 1917 roku". Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, n. 1 (18 settembre 2019): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.4503.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article focuses the role of the IV State Duma in the decisive days of the February revolution in Russia (February 27 – March 3, 1917). The author suggests that the State Duma was the center of the revolution and the headquarters of the uprising. Attention is being given to relationships between the Temporary Committee of the State Duma (VKGD) and the Petrograd Soviet of Workers ‘and Soldiers’ Deputies. According to the article, many issues of the revolution have been solved within the framework of the Duma-Soviet cooperation. At the same time, VKGD had priority, material superiority to solve military, food, militia and other issues. The author proves that VKGD was the first Provisional Government of Revolutionary Russia.
45
Henderson, Emma. "Interview: Registered Reports and PhDs – What? Why? How? An interview with Chris Chambers". PsyPag Quarterly 1, n. 109 (dicembre 2018): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpspag.2018.1.109.52.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the Registered Reports publishing model, peer review and in-principle acceptance (provisional acceptance for publication provided the authors follow their registered protocol) are based on the research question and methodological rigour, and happen before the study is run and results are obtained. In addition to the benefits to science as a whole, Registered Reports provide many positives for the researcher. I interviewed Chris Chambers, professor of cognitive neuroscience at Cardiff University, Chair of the Registered Reports Committee supported by the Center for Open Science, and one of the founders of Registered Reports. I spoke to Chris about why we need Registered Reports and specifically how they can work for PhD students.
46
Brennan, Niamh. "A political minefield: southern loyalists, the Irish Grants Committee and the British government, 1922–31". Irish Historical Studies 30, n. 119 (maggio 1997): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400013225.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
All classes of the loyalist community ... [are] victims.Irish Grants Committee report, 3 Nov. 1930I‘A considerable number [of refugees] have left on a plea of compulsion without any justification whatever for that plea,’ declared the secretary to the Provisional Government in 1922, referring to the departure from the twenty-six-county area of disbanded members of the R.I.C., British ex-servicemen and civilians believed to have been loyal to the British régime in Ireland. Such a claim was greeted with scant belief in Britain in the spring of 1922 as perhaps as many as 20,000 people, some with their entire families, arrived on British shores and were given refugee status by the British government through its Irish Distress Committee, founded to aid Irish loyalist victims of the Civil War. The committee first sat in May 1922 under the chairmanship of Sir Samuel Hoare, a Conservative, and its function was to give loans of money to refugees from Ireland until they either found work in Britain or decided it was safe to return home. At first it had a budget of £10,000, which was fairly meagre, even by the standards of the early 1920s, considering that it dealt with 3,349 applicants in its first six months. Relief was available to claimants through loans and grants. Even at that early stage when the Civil War was far from over, the Irish Distress Committee realised that its work ‘only touches the fringe of the bigger question of compensation’, though perhaps it did not realise just how big that question was to be in the aftermath of Irish independence.
47
Adelstein, David J., Nofisat Ismaila, Jamie A. Ku, Barbara Burtness, Paul L. Swiecicki, Loren Mell, Jonathan J. Beitler et al. "Role of Treatment Deintensification in the Management of p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer: ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion". Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, n. 18 (20 giugno 2019): 1578–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.19.00441.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
PURPOSE An ASCO provisional clinical opinion offers timely clinical direction to ASCO’s membership after publication or presentation of potentially practice-changing data from major studies. This provisional clinical opinion addresses the role of treatment deintensification in the management of p16+ oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). CLINICAL CONTEXT For patients with p16+ OPC, current treatment approaches are well established. In the good-prognosis subset of nonsmoking p16+ patients with early-stage disease, these treatments have been highly successful, albeit with significant associated acute and late toxicity. Deintensification of surgical, radiation, and medical treatment in an effort to reduce toxicity while preserving high survival rates is an appropriate therapeutic objective currently being explored in patients who are experiencing the best treatment results. However, careful delineation of this good-risk subset is essential. While the current eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system is prognostically robust, it should not be interpreted as reason to alter therapeutic decisions or justify treatment deintensification. The development of transoral surgical techniques and the adoption of intensity-modulated radiation therapy planning have been transformative in disease management and suggest potentially beneficial approaches. Recent advances in systemic treatments have been notable. The optimal integration and modification of these modalities to ameliorate toxicity has not been defined and remains an important focus of current investigation. PROVISIONAL CLINICAL OPINION The hypothesis that de-escalation of treatment intensity for patients with p16+ OPC can reduce long-term toxicity without compromising survival is compelling and necessitates careful study and the analysis of well-designed clinical trials before changing current treatment standards. Treatment deintensification for these patients should only be undertaken in a clinical trial. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .
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Braswell, Mike, Roger B. Daniels, Mark Landis e Chun-Chia (Amy) Chang. "Characteristics Of Diligent Audit Committees". Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 10, n. 4 (23 marzo 2012): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v10i4.6895.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The mounting attention given to audit committees following a series of corporate financial reporting failures has resulted in numerous provisions within Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX hereafter) of 2002. The SOX addresses aspects of the audit committee, including its authority and composition characteristics, but the requirement for minimum meeting frequency for the audit committee member was absent from the final SOX provision despite the recommendations of regulators. Since audit committee activity, or degree of audit committee diligence, is determined by the audit committee itself, we investigate various firm-level and governance attributes that likely influence audit committees choice to meet more often than anticipated. After analyzing a sample of 2,715 firm-year observations spanning fiscal years 1998-2003, we find that audit committee diligence is positively associated with audit committee attributes such as financial expertise, but negatively association with audit committee tenure, suggesting that efficiency gains are enjoyed by audit committees as they become more familiar with firm-specific reporting issues. We also document positive associations between audit committee diligence and both governance and agency cost variables. Finally, we document a significant increase in audit committee diligence in the years following the implementation of the SOX 2002 provisions.
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Kalashnikov, A. A. "«The Official Position of Mr. Rychkov is Still a Mystery»: Centre’s Emissary K.M. Rychkov in the Altai Okrug (1917-1918)". Izvestiya of Altai State University, n. 2(130) (15 giugno 2023): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)2-03.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to an unknown episode in the biography of ethnographer and journalist K.M. Rychkov during his service in Altai in 19171918. Using historical-biographical method, the author reconstructs for the first time the official and sociopolitical activities of K.M. Rychkov in the Altai Province. Based on extensive sources, the author reveals the role of ethnographer in the administrative and economic reforms in the Altai Okrug in 1917 — first half of 1918. As a representative of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Provisional Government and then of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, K.M. Rychkov joined the bodies of the economic management of the region. When Soviet power was temporarily established in Altai, K.M. Rychkov was a member of the Revision Commission of Altai Provincial Land Committee, headed the Department of State Property Management at the Provincial Council, became one of the developers of instructions for reorganization of management in the Altai Okrug, promoted removal from power of pre-revolutionary bureaucracy. The author concludes that the ethnographer made a significant contribution to the process of reorganizing the administration in the Altai Okrug and influenced the nature and direction of transformations in the economy of the region.
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Felisbino, Manuela Brisot, Leila John Marques Steidle, Michelle Gonçalves-Tavares, Marcia Margaret Menezes Pizzichini e Emilio Pizzichini. "Leicester Cough Questionnaire: translation to Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil". Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 40, n. 3 (giugno 2014): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37132014000300003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: To translate the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) to Portuguese and adapt it for use in Brazil. Methods: Cross-cultural adaptation of a quality of life questionnaire requires a translated version that is conceptually equivalent to the original version and culturally acceptable in the target country. The protocol used consisted of the translation of the LCQ to Portuguese by three Brazilian translators who were fluent in English and its back-translation to English by another translator who was a native speaker of English and fluent in Portuguese. The back-translated version was evaluated by one of the authors of the original questionnaire in order to verify its equivalence. Later in the process, a provisional Portuguese-language version was thoroughly reviewed by an expert committee. In 10 patients with chronic cough, cognitive debriefing was carried out in order to test the understandability, clarity, and acceptability of the translated questionnaire in the target population. On that basis, the final Portuguese-language version of the LCQ was produced and approved by the committee. Results: Few items were questioned by the source author and revised by the committee of experts. During the cognitive debriefing phase, the Portuguese-language version of the LCQ proved to be well accepted and understood by all of the respondents, which demonstrates the robustness of the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation. Conclusions: The final version of the LCQ adapted for use in Brazil was found to be easy to understand and easily applied.