Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Protéine ORF2"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Protéine ORF2":
Marion, O., S. Lhomme, A. Del Bello, F. Abravanel, L. Esposito, L. Lavayssiere, O. Cointault, D. Ribes, J. Izopet e N. Kamar. "Étude du virus de l’hépatite E et de la protéine de capside ORF2 dans le sang et les urines de patients transplantés d’organe solide". Néphrologie & Thérapeutique 15, n. 5 (settembre 2019): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nephro.2019.07.087.
Tesi sul tema "Protéine ORF2":
Ankavay, Maliki. "Étude des modifications post-traductionnelles de la protéine de capside ORF2 du virus de l'hépatite E (HEV)". Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S013.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major public health problem that affects more than20 million people and kills approximately 70,000 worldwide each year. HEV is the leadingcause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. In France, the seroprevalance of HEV is 22.4% inthe general population. This virus is transmitted by fecal-oral route or by consumption ofundercooked contaminated meat. Very recently, we have described an efficient cell culturesystem to amplify HEV. This system represents a unique tool for characterizing the variousstages of the infectious HEV lifecycle that are very poorly understood to date. As part of mythesis, I focused on the ORF2 capsid protein which is the structural unit of viral particles andis therefore a central player in the HEV lifecycle. ORF2 is a 660 amino acids protein thatcontains a signal peptide and three potential N-glycosylation sites (N1, N2 and N3). My workaimed to identify the role of the ORF2 N-glycosylation in the HEV lifecycle. Our resultsrevealed that the ORF2 protein is N-glycosylated on the N1 and N3 sites, whereas the N2 siteis not N-glycosylated. Also, the N-glycosylation has no significant relevance neither for thestability, oligomerization, antibody recognition of the ORF2 protein nor for viral assemblyand viral infectivity. We also revealed that, the ORF2 protein is translocated into the nucleusof infected cells, independently of N-glycosylation. We identified for the first time afunctional nuclear localization signal (NLS) located at the N-terminus of the ORF2 proteinthat interacts probably with the importin alpha1. Surprisingly, this NLS regulates both nuclearimport and endoplasmic reticulum translocation of the ORF2 protein. Finally, wedemonstrated that, the ORF2 protein possesses three nuclear export signals (NES) located atits C-terminus. The ORF2 protein interacts with the exportin1 and is exported from the cellnuclei. This interaction drives the ORF2 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of theinfected cells. Hence, this study led to new insights into the molecular mechanisms of theORF2 protein and could help to the design of novel antiviral strategies against HEV
Ferrié, Martin. "Étude de la maturation protéolytique et du trafic intracellulaire de la protéine de capside ORF2 du virus de l'hépatite E (HEV)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS067.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major public health problem, affecting an estimated 100 million people and killing 100,000 every year worldwide. HEV is the leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. In France, seroprevalence is 22.4%. This virus is transmitted via the feco-oral route, or by eating contaminated undercooked meat. During my thesis, I focused on the ORF2 capsid protein, which is the structural unit of viral particles and a central player in the HEV lifecycle. ORF2 is a 660 amino acid protein with an N-terminal signal peptide and three potential N-glycosylation sites. During its lifecycle, HEV produces at least three forms of its capsid protein: (i) the ORF2g (for glycosylated) form and (ii) the ORF2c (for cleaved) form, abbreviated ORF2g/c, which are glycosylated forms and massively secreted in culture supernatants or serum from infected patients, and (iii) the ORF2i (for infectious) form, which is not glycosylated and is associated with viral particles.As part of my thesis work, I studied the mechanisms of proteolytic maturation and intracellular trafficking of the ORF2 protein. More specifically, I first showed that ORF2 is imported into the nucleus of infected cells via an Importin-alpha1-dependent mechanism, thanks to an arginine-rich motif located at the N-terminus of ORF2 and named ARM. The ORF2 protein is then exported to the cytoplasm via a CRM1 exportin-dependent mechanism, thanks to three nuclear export sites (NES9, NES10 and NES12) that we have identified in the ORF2 sequence. I have also shown that nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of ORF2 probably regulates the expression of certain antiviral immunity genes in the early stages of infection.Secondly, I participated in the identification and characterization of HEV viral factories. We have shown that the viral proteins ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3, as well as viral RNA, are enriched in vesicular and tubular structures located in the perinuclear regions of infected cells. We have shown that these structures are also enriched in markers of the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), such as Rab11 and CD71, indicating that HEV viral factories probably derive from the ERC. By performing Rab11 silencing experiments with siRNAs, we confirmed the importance of the ERC in the production of HEV viral particles. Thirdly, I demonstrated that the ORF2i protein, which is associated with the membranes of the secretion pathway, is addressed to viral factories by a mechanism involving the AP-1 adaptor complex.In a fourth step, I characterized the proteolytic maturation mechanisms of the ORF2g/c and ORF2i forms. I showed that furin, a proproprotein convertase of the secretory pathway, is involved in the proteolytic maturation of ORF2g/c glycoproteins. I have also shown that presenilin, which is the catalytic subunit of the macro-complex Gamma-secretase, is involved in the proteolytic maturation of the ORF2i form. Interestingly, I have shown that pharmacological inhibition of presenilin drastically reduces viral infectivity in human hepatocarcinoma lines and in primary human hepatocytes. These data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of presenilin represents a promising antiviral strategy. In conclusion, the results obtained during my thesis provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of subcellular addressing and proteolytic maturation of the ORF2 capsid protein, and pave the way for the development of new therapies to combat HEV
Loot, Céline. "Etude du mécanisme transpositionnel de la séquence d'insertion bactérienne IS911 et du rôle de la protéine régulatrice ORFA". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30212.
Duroc, Yann. "Etude des relations structure-fonction de la protéine ORF 138 responsable de la stérilité mâle cytosplasmique Ogura". Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112187.
The ORF138 protein (encoded by the mitochondrial genome) is a mitochondrial membrane protein responsible of Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in Brassicaceae. In sterile plants microspore abortion is apparently due to premature degeneration of the anther tapetum, by a still unknown mechanism. This is the only induced phenotype whereas ORF138 is present in all tissues. The objectives of this work were to develop molecular and biochemical tools for the study of this protein, and to obtain relevent information for setting up hypotheses about the mechanism of male sterility. We showed that the association of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains of the protein is essential for its effect. A domain of 15 amino acids, sharing predicted secondary structure with two other proteins of unrelated CMS's, was highlighted and showed to play a role in this effect. We showed that ORF138 was integrated in the mitochondrial inner membrane of rapeseed and formed homooligomers. A proteic complex of size ranging between 750 and 900 kDa implying ORF138 was also identified. We also proved that ORF138 can be copurified with mitochondrial nucleoproteic components of male sterile plants. An increased accumulation of mitochondrial alternative oxydase probably accompanied by an increased activity, was observed in the sterile plants compared to fertiles. The connection between oxidative stress and alternative oxydase activity is well-known, and a possible bond between an oxidizing stress and the premature death of the tapetum constitutes one of the most promising tracks for the elucidation of the sterility mechanism
Mahgoub, Hany. "Régulation post-transcriptionnelle dans l'adaptation des plantes genes aux stress abiotiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22030/document.
Land plants are anchored in one place for most of their life cycle and therefore must constantly adapt their growth and metabolism to abiotic stresses. Thus, plants’ subsistence depends on their ability to regulate rapidly gene expression in order to adapt their physiology to their environment. The expression of a gene can be controlled at many levels, including transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation.Many vital cellular processes like DNA replication, transcription, protein synthesis, and protein degradation are regulated by environmental signals. Studies in yeast, Drosophila, and mammals showed that the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein is involved in control of cell growth and cell proliferation in response to different types of environmental signals such as nutrients, amino acids, hormones, and growth factors. In Arabidopsis thaliana, TOR is necessary for both embryo and endosperm development in, and changes of TOR protein level affect both vegetative and reproductive growth.The main purpose from this thesis is to highlight the mechanisms that control AtTOR expression at the post-transcriptional level through determination of the possible regulatory elements within the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) or the first intron of AtTOR mRNA itself, and through manipulation of these regulatory elements to study their precise role. We have chosen to focus on the small upstream open reading frame (uORF) as well as the 5′UTR region. This is the first attempt to study the regulation of TOR kinase expression in eukaryotes through these small uORF or the sequence of 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR).To achieve this purpose, three chimeric constructs have been established and transformed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and Arabidopsis thaliana plants. The first construct (the positive control) contains the AtTOR promoter, the 5′UTR, the first intron, and the beginning of the second exon fused to the GUS reporter gene. The second construct (mutated uORF) have the same sequence as the positive control construct except the start codon of uORF was changed from ATG to TTG. The third construct (deleted 5′UTR) have the same sequence as the positive control construct without the 5′UTR. These constructs have also been placed under the activity of CaMV 35S promoter instead of AtTOR promoter to investigate whether there is a link between the 5′UTR/or uORF and the promoter.Our work show an overall negative regulation exerted by the 5′UTR and, to a lesser extent, by the uORF on AtTOR gene regulation. This regulation is likely at the level of transcription or mRNA stability, since the changes in GUS transcript level was followed by the same changes in GUS activity. In addition we found that external inducers like auxin or sucrose exert a positive effect on AtTOR expression. This effect appears somehow linked to the presence of the 5′UTR of AtTOR mRNA.Greater insight into the molecular mechanisms of AtTOR 5′UTR/or uORF function and its relationship with other regulatory elements located in AtTOR promoter will be required to understand how these regulatory elements work either individually or in combination to achieve the fine and accurate regulation of their gene expression
Libri sul tema "Protéine ORF2":
Doolittle, Russell F. Of urfs and orfs: A primer on how to analyze derived amino acid sequences. Mill Valley, CA: University Science Books, 1986.