Tesi sul tema "Propriétés thermomécaniques non linéaires"
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Laouati, Atmane. "Modélisation de problèmes thermoélectriques non linéaires dans un milieu fissuré par la méthode XFEM". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30001/30001.pdf.
Testo completoThe main objective of this thesis is the development of a numerical tool, using the XFEM approach, for the simulation of transient nonlinear thermoelectrical problems in fractured media in two dimensions, taking into account thermal and electrical exchanges between the crack’s lips. Numerical simulations of crack propagation are of great interest for many industrial sectors (aluminum production, aerospace, nuclear, etc.). In addition, this is a numerically complex problem. The classical finite element method has important constraints of mesh refinement at the crack tip, remeshing during crack propagation and field projections, which has the effect of increasing the computation time and degrading the accuracy. On the other hand, the eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM), has received a growing success for the treatment of the problems containing cracks in the last fifteen years. It allows using a mesh that does not conform to the geometry of the crack; this is possible by the enrichment of the finite element approximation. In this thesis, we are interested in extending application field of the XFEM method to the nonlinear thermoelectrical problems with cracks. Indeed, the transient thermal problem is coupled to the electrical problem by the heat generation in the solid, and the heat generation at the crack’s lips due to the interface resistance. The heat and electrical exchanges between the crack’s lips are also considered, and depend, respectively, on the temperature and the voltage jump at the crack. Due to the heat generation in the solid and in crack’s lips (Joule effect), and the temperature dependence of the physical parameters of the material, the problem is nonlinear and fully coupled. The discretized nonlinear system by the XFEM method is solved using the Newton-Raphson algorithm. The robustness of the proposed technique is demonstrated through the simulation of different examples, and the results shows an excellent agreement with the analytical solution, or with the finite element solution using a refined mesh.
Pham, Anh Tu. "Détermination numérique des propriétés de résistance de roches argileuses". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1237/document.
Testo completoThe strength capacities of Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillite which is a potential host rock for the deep underground repository of high-level radioactive waste in France are investigated. At a micro-scale, micro-pores can be observed in the matrix. A first strength homogenization step has been performed in order to evaluate the matrix strength criteria. The microstructure analysis of this material at some hundreds of micromet scale, referred at meso-scale, shows a clay matrix and a random distribution of mineral inclusions (quartz and calcite).Aiming to the determination of COx argillite strength domain, an FEM numerical tool has been developed in the context of the elastoplastic behavior of the matrix. Several morphological patterns of the representative elementary volume have been considered and subjected to an incremental loading in periodic conditions until collapse occurs. As a result of such elastoplastic calculation, one point of the boundary of the strength domain is obtained. The latter then could be reached by successive elastoplastic calculations.As an alternative to direct elastoplastic simulations, kinematic and static approaches of limit analysis are performed. The stress-based (static approach) and the velocity-based (kinematic approach) finite element method are used to develop a numerical tool able to derive a lower bound and upper bound of strength domain, respectively
Lamarre, Jean-Michel. "Propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires de nanocomposites métal-diélectrique anisotropes". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00471600.
Testo completoBonvicini, Andrea. "Etudes théoriques des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des biomolécules". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR050/document.
Testo completoIn this thesis, the optical properties of important biomolecules were studied using a theoretical approach and, in one case, also an experimental one. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and time-dependent-DFT (TD-DFT), were the principal quantum chemical methods adopted in this thesis.Various spectroscopies were studied (theoretically and, in some cases, also experimentally) : linear (one-photon, OPA) and non-linear (two- and three-photon, TPA and 3PA) electronic absorption, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The environment effects, which are particularly important in biological systems, were taken into account, for both ground and excited states properties, using a multiscale QM/MM method called Polarizable Embedding (PE). The sampling of conformations was addressed by Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations based on classical mechanics. Two topics were studied in this thesis: cholesterol and the in-silico design of its fluorescent analogues, and the characterization of β-turns in different conformations by simulations of their ECD spectra in aqueous solutions. The simulation of more than one spectroscopy resulted to be important when studying the electronic excited states of cholesterol in organic solutions. The in-silico design study suggested a novel polyene-sterol (P-sterol) which shows improved optical properties for the three-photon excitation mechanism with respect to dehydroergosterol (DHE), an already widely used cholesterol probe. This new P-sterol was thus suggested for synthesis. The achievement from the study of ECD spectra for different β-turn conformations is two-fold: even if two ECD patterns for the β-turn conformations studied (4) were found (in most of cases), ECD spectroscopy should be always associated with other spectroscopic techniques when trying to characterize the β-turn conformations in solutions
Papon, Gautier. "Nanostructuration des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires d’un verre photosensible par laser femtoseconde". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14686/document.
Testo completoIn this work, a phosphate-zinc glass doped with silver ions was irradiated with a femtosecond laser. This irradiation causes the appearance of sub-micron features in the glass. Those features exhibit fluorescence and second harmonic generation. Fluorescence is linked to the aggregations of silver clusters in the glass. Second Harmonic Generation is linked to the creation of a buried electric field inducing an EFISHG effect.Polarization and spectroscopic studies were performed on these features. Those studies allowed us to produce a three-dimensional representation of the features. A phenomenological model, from the interaction of the laser pulses with the glass, to the movement of charges enabling the buried field, is developed to explain the overall process, therefore linking the migration of the electrons to the reduction of silver ion and the cluster growth
Mouiya, Mossaab. "Thermomechanical properties of refractory materials, influence of the diffuse microcracking". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0066.
Testo completoRefractory materials are widely used in high-temperature applications but are not always prone to resist severe thermal shock. To address this problem, microstructure incorporating pre-existing microcracks are already well known to improve thermal shock resistance. Nevertheless, such damaged microstructure needs a better understanding to optimize their design without compromising material integrity. In such context, Aluminum Titanate (Al₂TiO₅, AT) exhibiting a great thermal expansion anisotropy, constitutes an ideal model system for creating a tailored microcracks network in order to improve flexibility and fracture behavior. This thesis investigates the thermomechanical properties of developed AT-based refractory materials, including polycrystalline AT and alumina/AT composites, with emphasis on the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties. In both materials, pre-existing microcracks play a key role on Young's modulus, thermal expansion behavior, tensile stress-strain response, fracture energy, and thus thermal shock resistance. A significant hysteretic effect on Young's modulus and thermal expansion as a function of temperature indicates microcracks closure-reopening mechanisms. Uniaxial tensile tests revealed nonlinear stress-strain laws, impacting fracture energy and thermal shock resistance. In particular, incremental tensile tests at 850 °C showed contrasting behaviors during heating and cooling, attributed to thermal history. Composite materials with AT inclusions (0 - 10 wt.%) embedded in an alumina matrix exhibit diffuse microcracking due to thermal expansion mismatch. These composites exhibited reduced Young's modulus, highly nonlinear stress-strain laws, and higher strain to rupture at room temperature. Thermal shock tests performed by the innovative ATHORNA device for all studied AT-based materials confirmed their resilience under high thermal gradients. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of future advanced refractory materials with improved thermal shock resistance
PIPOLO, PATRICK-NICOLAS. "Propriétés de régularité pour quelques équations non linéaires dispersives". Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112196.
Testo completoDerkowska, Beata. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés optiques linéaires et non linéaires des semi-conducteurs AIIBVI". Angers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ANGE0003.
Testo completoHouf, Latifa. "Développement de nanocomposites à propriétés piézoélectriques et optiques non-linéaires". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00686925.
Testo completoCabanetos, Clément. "Conception et synthèse de matériaux à propriétés optiques non-linéaires". Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2039.
Testo completoLesuffleur, Antoine. "Propriétés optiques linéaires et non linéaires de réseaux de nanostructures sub-longueurs d'onde en or". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112145.
Testo completoSurface plasmons are egen modes of metallic interfaces resulting from a strong coupling between an incident electromagnetic wave and the free electrons of the metal. These plasmons can be localized on very small particles (spheres, cylinders, agregates. . . ). They can propagate along smooth or rough interfaces and they can be guided by metallic stripes. In the context of my thesis, I have studied two kinds of such metallic structures : gold coupled sub-wavelength particle regular arrays and arrays of subwavelength apertures permitting a enhanced transmission through a so structured metallic film. Through linear optical spectroscopic reflectivity measurements, on arrays of gold subwavelength particle, we have measured the signatures of grating effects (Wood anomalies) and especially propagating localized lurface llasmons along a chain of gold subwavelength particles by a narrow spacing between particles and by a metallic neck connecting particles. My experimental results are in good agreement with the RCWM calculations we did. Furthermore, I shew the high sensitivity of the Second Harmonic Generation measurements to the enhancement of the local electromagnetic fields due to the resonances and the coupling between particles. Subwavelength circular aperture arrays were made in a 100 nm gold film and we measured a 10% transmission. Moreover, subwavelength annular aperture arrays in a 130 nm gold film were fabricated. We measured by reflectivity the spectral signature of a surface plasmon at the gold/glass interface and a cavity mode which are responsible of the theoritical enhanced transmission
El, Hamidi Mohamed. "Propriétés stochastiques d'un système non-linéaire en dimension finie". Pau, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PAUU3014.
Testo completoLiberman, Steve. "Etude optique des nanocomposites comportant des grains métalliques : exaltation de champ, propriétés linéaires et non linéaires". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS0024.
Testo completoBouchouit, Karim. "Préparation, caractérisation et propriétés optiques non linéaires de composés semi-organiques". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00433814.
Testo completoZhao, Zhen-Yu. "Spectroscopie Térahertz Ultrarapide et Propriétés Optiques Non-Linéaires de Nanostructures Semiconductrices". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00300727.
Testo completo1. Le développement de la spectroscopie Térahertz dans le domaine temporel (THz-TDS) et son utilisation pour mesurer le gain d'un laser à cascade quantique GaAs/AlGaAs.
2. L'étude des effets de 3ième ordre en optique non linéaire dans des verres de Tellure dopés en nanocristaux AgCl, par "Z-scan" et mélange à quatre ondes (DFWM).
A cette fin, nous avons d'abord construit un montage de spectroscopie Térahertz dans le domaine temporel avec deux sources de rayonnement différentes : la rectification optique dans un cristal non-lineaire <110> ZnTe et par ailleurs des antennes interdigités photoconductrices.
Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la compétition entre la rectification optique, la génération de second harmonique, l'absorption à deux photons, et l'absorption par les porteurs libres. Le faisceau pompe subit une absorption à deux photons et le rayonnement THz émis est diminué, dans les conditions de focalisation, par l'absorption des porteurs libres. La réduction de l'émission THz dans les conditions de focalisation est expliquée, à condition de tenir compte des effets de la diffraction de la source THz sub-longueur d'onde.
Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié les propriétés de l'émission THz dans le domaine temporel et spectral d'un nouveau type d'antenne photoconductive interdigitée basée sur du GaAs semi-isolant, en fonction de la densité de porteurs et dans une gamme de température allant de 4.2K à 270K. Les propriétés de l'émission THz sont linéaires pour de faibles tensions appliquées mais révèlent des effets de saturation pour des tensions importantes en raison de la diffusion inter-vallées de la bande Γ à la bande L. Les performances THz saturent aussi pour de fortes excitations laser à raison de l'écrantage des charges. La dynamique des porteurs à été étudiée expérimentalement pour différentes températures. Le spectre THz de l'émission se déplace vers les basses fréquences lorsque la température augmente. L'influence de la mobilité électronique est discutée.
Dans une troisième partie, après avoir comparé les deux méthodes de génération THz ci-dessus et décidé d'utiliser les antennes photoconductives comme source d'excitation pour notre montage THz-TDS, nous avons étudié le gain et les pertes d'un laser à cascade quantique (LCQ) fonctionnant à 2.9 THz. Nous avons étudié les variations du gain en fonction du courant injecté, à différentes températures. Nous avons mesuré les spectres d'amplitude et de phase THz, permettant une détermination directe du gain. A la fréquence de fonctionnement du LCQ, nous mesurons un gain de 6.5cm-1. Des effets comme le « clampage » du gain et l'affinement spectral du gain sont observés et discutés.
Pour finir, nous avons étudié le coefficient de polarisabilité d'ordre 3 des verres de Tellure (80TeO2-20Nb2O5) dopés en nanocristaux AgCl. Nous avons produit des échantillons par les techniques fonte-trempe et traitement thermique. Les résultats de la caractérisation révèlent qu'un traitement plus long augmente la tailles des nanocristaux qui donne lieu à l'apparition de plus de défauts et une plus grande déformation du réseau cristallin des nanocristaux aux interfaces avec le verre. Des états électroniques piégés apparaissent sous l'effet de la déformation de la structure cristalline. Une forte absorption à deux photons et une absorption des états électroniques piégés réduit le seuil de la limitation optique. Le coefficient polarisabilité non linéaire χ(3) augmente à cause de la formation des défauts et des états électronique localisés.
Andreu-Solano, Raquel. "Synthèse, propriétés redox, mesogenes et optiques non linéaires de nouveaux tetrathiafulvalènes". Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0012.
Testo completoCanioni, Lionel. "Propriétés non linéaires des verres et liquides : analyse par interférométrie femtoseconde". Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10581.
Testo completoZhao, Zhenyu. "Spectroscopie térahertz ultrarapide et propriétés optiques non-linéaires de nanostructures semiconductrices". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066264.
Testo completoSouplet, Philippe. "Propriétés globales de quelques équations d’évolution non linéaires du second ordre". Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066261.
Testo completoMasselin, Pascal. "Processus non linéaires dans la molécule de bactériorhodopsine". Littoral, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DUNK0017.
Testo completoRoncin, Armelle. "Etude de la modification des propriétés rhéologiques linéaires et non linéaires par ingénierie moléculaire : Vers le contrôle des propriétés adhésives de matériaux autocollants". Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3023/document.
Testo completoIn this work, we studied the effect of polymer structure on adhesive properties exploring variousarchitectures including stars having three very long arms and branched themselves, synthesized with severalsteps by controlled radical polymerization. We also studied linear polymers and block copolymers. They havebeen made with poly(n-butyl acrylate) naturally sticky at room temperature, allowing to work withoutformulation. However, high molecular weight between entanglements of PnBA has shown to be a brake becausechosen polymerization techniques did not allow the synthesis of sufficient high molecular weights to obtaintypical behavior of star having targeted compliance levels. Considering that a large part of the energy dissipatedduring debonding is due to the formation and extension of a fibrillar structure, we proposed to explore linearrheological properties but also at large strains with elongational tests. Furthermore, tack tests with high-speedcamera display of phenomena occurring within samples during debonding have been set up. We comparedrheological properties with adhesive performances for all analyzed structures. Linear polymers blended with veryhigh molecular weight could exhibit strain hardening, and we confirmed that appearance conditions are limitedwith polydispersity. For star-shaped polymers, we particularly analyzed the impact of the compliance on adhesiveperformances. Block copolymers having a sufficient holding to be analyzed in elongation have shown a strongstrain hardening, but propagation of interfacial fracture during tack tests, because of a deformability lack,preventing the strain hardening benefit
Dariol, Ludovic. "Recherche et mise au point d'interphases non-oxydables pour améliorer le comportement thermomécanique des composites SiC/MAS-L". Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20201.
Testo completoParenthoine, Denis. "Influence des propriétés de céramiques piezoélectriques sur des mesures ultrasonores non-linéaires". Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3111/document.
Testo completoDuring the detection of nonlinear phenomena in solids, under the non-destructive evaluation by ultrasound, nonlinearities of piezoelectric ceramics might introduce parasitic effects that could disrupt the measurements. The objective here is to characterize the nonlinear properties of these ceramics and predict their influence on the propagation of ultrasonic waves. A method to characterize nonlinear properties based on the analysis of the generation of second harmonic on a piezoelectric resonator is developed here. It is shown that the analysis of the distortions for a wide range of excitation frequencies, allow to distinguish different sources of nonlinearity. Thereafter, the influence of an acoustic load on the nonlinear behaviour of vibration is studied. Finally, the previous results are used to predict the influence of non-linearity of piezoelectric ceramic on the propagation of acoustic waves in an environment outside
Ladj, Rachid. "Elaboration de nanoparticule composite à propriétés optiques non-linéaires pour applications biomédicales". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENA032.
Testo completoExogenous biomarkers based on hybrid nanoparticles with nonlinear optical properties were prepared as a contrast agent for second harmonic imaging and diagnosis of pathogenic cells. Iron iodate is one of the selected materials for this specific field due to its good second harmonic properties and its low toxicity. Iron iodate nanoparticles were synthesized by inverse microemulsion and inverse miniemulsion. In both cases, a good control of size and morphology was achieved. For biomedical applications, nanoparticles encapsulation was carried out in situ by reverse miniemulsion polymerization. Finally, encapsulation of potassium niobate nanoparticles with a biocompatible polymer was conducted. Their interest was demonstrated in vitro by second harmonic imaging studies
Gallo, Clément. "Propriétés qualitatives d'ondes solitaires : solutions d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires dispersives". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112213.
Testo completoThis PhD thesis is concerned with non-zero at infinity solutions of some nonlinear dispersive equations. We establish existence results for dark solitons of nonlinear Schrödinger equations and of system of two coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations, in dimension 1. We study the linear stability of a special kind of dark solitons of nonlinear Schrödinger equations: the black solitons. We study the Cauchy problem for the linear and for the nonlinear Schrödinger equations on the Zhidkov spaces X^k(R^n). We also consider the same initial value problem on the affine space phi+H^1, where phi is a (non -zero at infinity) regular function with finite energy. We finally study the Cauchy problem for nonlinear dispersive equations which look like the Koiteweg-de Vries or the Benjamin-Ono equations, on the Zhidkov spaces X^s(R)
Cardinal, Thierry. "Propriétés optiques non linéaires des verres borophosphatés de titane ou de niobium". Bordeaux 1, 1997. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148412.
Testo completoBouard, Anne de. "Étude de quelques propriétés d'équations d'ondes non linéaires dispersives de type Schrödinger". Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112031.
Testo completoVanvincq, Olivier. "Etude théorique des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des fibres à bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880192.
Testo completoVanvincq, Olivier. "Étude théorique des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des fibres à bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10036/document.
Testo completoThis thesis concerns the linear properties of solid-core photonic bandgap fibers and the use of their specific properties for guided non-linear optics.Part I focuses on optical properties of the core mode whose guidance mechanism is related to the photonic bandgaps of the microstructured cladding. A numerical tool is developed for bandgap calculation using the plane wave expansion method with the dispersion taken into account. This tool was used for the design of a fiber which allows the photo-writing of a Bragg grating. Then, the stationary perturbation method is applied to the determination of the effective index of the allowed modes at long wavelengths and to the identification of linearly polarized modes towards which they evolve.In part II, the generalized non-linear Schrödinger equation is established. In the case of a tapered fiber, an extra-term appears in the equation allowing the exact conservation of the photons number. Then, the principles of the soliton red-shift and supercontinuum generation are recalled. The usual analytical expression of soliton self-frequency shift rate is extended to the case of short-duration solitons which play an important part in the dynamics of supercontinuum generation.Part III focuses on results obtained in nonlinear regime in solid-core photonic bandgap fibers. We show that the strong value of the third order dispersion term is the cause of the soliton self-frequency shift suppression near the bandgap edge without significant energy loss. Then, this suppression was used to tailor the spectral extent of the supercontinuum and to reduce pulse-to-pulse fluctuations
Sahraoui, Bouchta. "Propriétés optiques non-linéaires du troisième ordre dans des nouveaux dérivés du tetrathiafulvalène". Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0010.
Testo completoLamaignere, Laurent. "Etude statique et dynamique de matériaux hétérogènes aléatoires à propriétés électriques non linéaires". Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10559.
Testo completoNgo, Hoang Minh. "Propriétés optiques non linéaires de molécules et de nanoparticules métalliques pour la photonique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN050/document.
Testo completoNonlinear optics is well known to be a highly powerful tool to investigate the photonic properties of molecules, materials and nanostructures. Size and shape of noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) strongly influence their second-order nonlinear optical properties. In this PhD thesis, we propose a systematic investigation of the influence of the nanoparticle surface area on their first hyperpolarizability beta values. Powdery-silver nanoparticles (diameters 7 nm) and colloidal solutions on NMNPs with different composition, sizes and shapes have been synthesized, i.e. silver nanospheres (diameters 10 nm), gold nanospheres (diameters 3.0; 11.6; 15.8; 17.4; 20.0 and 43 nm), gold nanorods (aspect ratios 1.47; 1.63 and 2.30), silver nanorods (aspect ratios 5.0; 6.3; 7.5; 8.2 and 9.7), platinum nanoflowers (diameters 7.0; 8.0; 10.0; 14.0; 20.0 and 31.0 nm) and gold nanoprisms (edge length tuned from 47.5 to 112.3 nm). Harmonic light scattering (HLS) at 1064 nm is used to investigate the second harmonic generation from colloidal NMNPs, and to infer their first hyperpolarizability tensor beta. For the nanospheres and nanorods investigated in this work, we demonstrate that their beta values display a strong dependence with their surface area, which is the dominant parameter in the evolution of beta values. Otherwise, particle surface corrugation and shape irregularities of nanoflowers are responsible for exceptionally high beta values. Moreover, we report for the first time in the literature that the beta values of nanoprisms display not only a linear dependence with respect to the surface area, but are also sensitive to the sharpness of the triangle vertices
Busch, Alexandrine. "Synthèse de dérivés de benzo- et pyridodiazines à propriétés optiques non linéaires potentielles". Rouen, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAM0004.
Testo completoSanz, Nathalie. "Elaboration, caractérisation structurale et étude des propriétés optiques linéaires et non linéaires de nanocristaux organiques en matrice sol-gel". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10185.
Testo completoFeneyrou, Patrick. "Étude des propriétés optiques, linéaires et non linéaires, de la molécule et du cristal de 4-diéthylamino-(bêta)-nitrostyrène". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10224.
Testo completoCherukulappurath, Sudmir. "Applications de l'imagerie à la mesure des coefficients non linéaires des verres infrarouges". Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0011.
Testo completoWe present a simple technique based on a 4f coherent optical imaging system to characterize nonlinearities. We show that it is possible to characterize the nonlinearities by analyzing the intensity profile of the image after nonlinear filtering through the material under study in the Fourier plane of the set up. The experimental acquisitions are fitted by a simple theoretical model based on Fourier optics to obtain the nonlinear coefficient. The advantages of this method include simple optical setup, few-laser shots inside the material and a sensitivity comparable to other techniques. Further, by adding a phase object at the entry of the 4f system, it is possible to extract the sign and magnitude of the nonlinear optical refractive index of the material with only one intense laser shot and the sensitivity of the measurement can be increased. Several different compositions of chalcogenide glasses were studied and characterized for their linear and nonlinear properties
El-Yadouni, Abderrazzak. "Étude par optique guidée des propriétés optiques linéaires et non linéaires de couches minces de semi-conducteurs à grand gap". Metz, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2002/El_Yadouni.Abderrazak.SMZ0228.pdf.
Testo completoChaïeb, Abderrahmane. "Etude structurale par diffraction X et optique linéaire et non linéaire de composites à base de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs (CdSe, ZnSe) dispersés dans des matrices hôtes organique (PMMA) et minérale (KBr, KCl)". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00480577.
Testo completoCanitrot, Sébastien. "Etude des propriétés structurelles d'observabilité et de diagnosticabilité des systèmes bilinéaires par approche graphique". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10126/document.
Testo completoAutomation is a discipline which treats inter alia control and diagnosis of industrial systems. A first stage to obtain control and diagnosis schemes is to analyze the properties of the considered system. The main analyzed properties are controllability, observability, diagnosticability, stability… Criteria, often based on algebraic or geometrical approaches, make it possible to characterize these properties. Moreover, some works published in the 70’s introduced a new representation of systems based on directed graphs. From these works, it results that graphical approach provides simple solutions and thus is very well suited to analyze great dimension and/or uncertain systems. Unfortunately, few works based on graphic methods treats nonlinear systems. By our work, we wished to fill this lack by studying observability and diagnosticability properties for structured bilinear systems using a graphical approach. Necessary and sufficient graphic conditions for the observability of the whole and part of the system state are formulated. Thereafter the sensor placement problem is tackled in order to recover the observability property. Lastly, we focused ourselves on the diagnosticability property. After having given a necessary and sufficient graphic condition of fault detection problem solubility, we then studied various particular cases of control in order to give conditions of active fault detection problem solubility
Guo, Chaomei. "Amélioration des propriétés de convergence des algorithmes de simulation des circuits non linéaires microondes". Limoges, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIMO0024.
Testo completoVivien, Laurent. "Etude des propriétés optiques non linéaires des nanotubes de carbone pour la limitation optique". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0011.
Testo completoCastellano, Olga. "Etudes théoriques des propriétés optiques non linéaires d'anions aromatiques et de leurs complexes organométalliques". Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0029.
Testo completoWe study theoretically the optical properties (, , ) of a series of aromatic anions of the S-, , and substituent groups, with n = 1, 2, 3 benzene rings, by using PM3 parametrization, Ab Initio at Hartree-Fock HF, M¢ller-Plesset MP2 and MP4 levels, and DFT methods at B3LYP level with the 6-31+G(d,p) and 6-311++G(3d,3p) basis sets. The dynamic properties where also evaluated with the Time Dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF). Coupled Clusters CC methods were used for the benzene-thiolate anion properties only. Additionally, the nonlinear properties at PM3 level of some organometallic thiolates complexes: , where M = Zn, Cd,Hg, Pb and m = 3, 4, were also studied. On the other hand, we determined using the hyper Rayleigh-Scattering HRS experimental technique of some new synthesized chiral carboxylates salts using methanol as solvent and we also measured a series of bases of nucleic acid such as uracil, thymine, adenine, cytosine and 5-fluorouracil compounds in water solutions. Also, was studied the first hyperpolarizability of para-Nitroaniline in methanol solution. The experimental results are supported by calculations of the zzz main component associated to the HRS response
Belaud, Yves. "Méthode semi-classique et propriétés d'annulation asymptotique de solutions d'équations de diffusion non-linéaires". Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR4018.
Testo completoGoursolle, Thomas. "Propriétés acoustiques non linéaires classiques et non classiques : Applications au contrôle de santé des matériaux de l'industrie aéronautique". Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00262426.
Testo completoSliwa, Michel. "Spectroscopie transitoire et photo-commutation des propriétés optiques non linéaires de second ordre de cristaux photochromes d'anils, corrélation structure-propriétés". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133784.
Testo completoBanchet, Julien. "Mesure du parametre acoustique non lineaire dans les solvants et les polymeres". Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0042.
Testo completoDuring this study, a finite amplitude technique was developed to measure the BI A non linear parameter and applied to three solvent families - 1-alkanols, cetones and esters - and to two polymers. Thanks to an acoustic lens, the signal is focused on the sample and the second order amplitude is measured. Then, for each studied liquid or solid, the non linear parameter is calculated. Results on liquids showed that the BI A parameter changes with the chain length and depends on the speed of sound. A theoretical model was developed and applied to 1-alkanols. Experimental results fit the model. Two polymers were then tested showing the potentiality of this technique
Rodriguez, Luis. "Mesure des propriétés [optiques] non linéaires des matériaux par les méthodes : lentille thermique, I-scan et holographie non linéaire". Angers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ANGE0006.
Testo completoOur contribution relates to the implementation of the powerful new methods to characterize optically new organic or inorganic materials. The method of mode-mismatched thermal lens in both continuous wave and pulsed regimes can measure, with a very great sensitivity, light energy absorption (in order of 10-8 cm-1) in measurements of the linear and nonlinear absorption coefficient in these materials. A new alternative of the method Z-scan called relative I-scan and nonlinear holography method (HnL) are powerful methods by their great sensitivity (about ?/1500 for HnL) by the economy of implementation and the speed in obtaining of the results. Goods results can be obtained by the relative I-scan method for materials nonhomogeneous and/or very weak nonlinear optical response signal. These methods are suitable to the characterization of the third order nonlinear optical properties of new organic molecules even in diluted very solutions. The detection of small quantities of pollutants is one of the practical applications of these methods
Coussa-Simon, Camille. "Etude du verre d'oxydes LBG : des propriétés optiques non linéaires au comportement sous haute pression". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364507.
Testo completoEssaïdi, Zacaria. "Photo-structuration et propriétés optiques non-linéaires de composés organiques azoïques : azoazulène, azocarbazole et azobenzène". Angers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ANGE0061.
Testo completoOrganic materials are interesting and promising systems for a wide range of applications : photonic, optoelectronic, optical data storage, electronic, and son on. The unique properties of these organic molecular or polymer systems can be modulated by grafting functional groups so as to target specific functions. Research and development of new photosensitive materials and optically active is hence a major challenge. We treat in this study the photo-ordering and nonlinear optical properties of three families of organic azo-dye compounds ; azo-azulenes, carbazoles and azo-azo-benzenes. These systems are designed by adding a donor group and acceptor group separated by a π-conjugated chain. This association leads to asymmetric distribution of charge and allow large optical nonlinearities. The experimental results obtained by different experimental techniques show quadratic susceptibilities are higher relative to the reference material (quartz), and cubic susceptibilities is in the order of that of the reference (carbon disulfide). We report also the potential of these compounds for formation of surface photo-induced grating. The obtained results in picosecond regime showed the formation of one or two-dimensional periodic structures and a located photostructuration
Coussa-Simon, Camille. "Étude du verre d'oxydes LBG : des propriétés optiques non linéaires au comportement sous haute pression". Lyon 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/86/71/PDF/these.pdf.
Testo completoThe possibility to induce a second-order non-linearity in glasses was prouved in 1991 on silica glasses, thanks to a thermal poling process. The susceptibility created in this manner remains weak. We have therefore studied another oxydes glass (LBG). We developped experimental set up allowing us to create and to characterize the anisotropy induced by thermal poling in LBG glass. The effects of laser UV nanosecond irradiations with the aim of writing waveguides are also studied. The opportunity to vary locally the refractive index and the structure of the glass, leads us to observe the behaviour of LBG glass under high pressures. The glass, densified in diamond anvil cell is studied in situ by Raman and X-rays absorption spectroscopies (XAS). We put forward a singular behaviour of this glass under pressure by Raman scattering : hysteresis curves, closed or opened are described, showing a non monotonous Raman shift of a band as a function of pressure. XAS measurements confirmed that a partiel irreversible germanium coordination number occured. If the applied pressure is high enough, structural modifications are permanent and steady at ambient pressure