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1
Bi, Yan Gang, e Chun Li Liu. "The Sustainable Design of Product Life Cycle". Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (giugno 2014): 1572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1572.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To reduce products’ negative impact on environment, save resources and energy, and recycle materials scientifically and effectively. We use "the sustainable design of product life cycle",it is a design concept. Its guide is prevention in advance, and its basic demands are low-carbon, green, energy conservation and environmental protection. It focuses on the technology in the aspects of design, materials, structure, crafts, circulation, recycling and so on. Its goal is to satisfy the demand of human and develop sustainably at the same time.
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Mahmood, Salwa, Mohd Fahrul Hassan, Abdul Rahman Hemdi e Muhamad Zameri Mat Saman. "Sustainability in the Product Design: A Review of Recent Development Based on LCA". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n. 3.7 (4 luglio 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.7.16208.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In order to achieve sustainable product design process, aspects such of environmental, economic and social should be balanced. This paper discussed on sustainability of product design, conceptual basis of life cycle assessment (LCA), review of LCA at several product design, methodology of proposed framework and discussion on strengths and limitations of LCA. This paper proposed to develop a framework for improving the product design process based on LCA tool. The aims is to calculate potential impact of environment, economic and social aspects during product design process. For environmental aspects, LCA tool will be used. For economic and social considerations, life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment will be applied respectively. At the end, proposed framework are able to help designers to improve product design by considering all sustainability aspects.
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Tellnes, Lars G. F., Gry Alfredsen, Per Otto Flæte e Lone Ross Gobakken. "Effect of service life aspects on carbon footprint: a comparison of wood decking products". Holzforschung 74, n. 4 (26 marzo 2020): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2019-0055.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractCarbon footprint over the life cycle is one of the most common environmental performance indicators. In recent years, several wood material producers have published environmental product declarations (EPDs) according to the EN 15804, which makes it possible to compare the carbon footprint of product alternatives. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of service life aspects by comparing the carbon footprint of treated wood decking products with similar performance expectations. The results showed that the modified wood products had substantially larger carbon footprints during manufacturing than preservative-treated decking materials. Replacement of modified wood during service life creates a huge impact on life cycle carbon footprint, while maintenance with oil provided a large contribution for preservative-treated decking. Hence, service life and maintenance intervals are crucial for the performance ranking between products. The methodological issues to be aware of are: how the functional unit specifies the key performance requirements for the installed product, and whether full replacement is the best modeling option in cases where the decking installation is close to the end of the required service life.
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Diekel, Felice, Natalia Mikosch, Vanessa Bach e Matthias Finkbeiner. "Life Cycle Based Comparison of Textile Ecolabels". Sustainability 13, n. 4 (6 febbraio 2021): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041751.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Environmental impacts of textile production increased over the last decades. This also led to an increasing demand for sustainable textiles and ecolabels, which intend to provide information on environmental aspects of textiles for the consumer. The goal of the paper is to assess selected labels with regard to their strengths and weaknesses, as well as their coverage of relevant environmental aspects over the life cycle of textiles. We applied a characterization scheme to analyse seven selected labels (Blue Angel Textiles, bluesign®, Cotton made in Africa (CMiA), Cradle to Cradle CertifiedTM, Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS), Global Recycled Standard (GRS), VAUDE Green Shape), and compared their focus to the environmental hotpots identified in the product environmental footprint case study of t-shirts. Most labels focus on the environmental aspects toxicity, water use, and air emissions predominantly in the upstream life cycle phases of textiles (mainly garment production), whereas some relevant impacts and life cycle phases like water in textile use phase remain neglected. We found significant differences between the ecolabels, and none of them cover all relevant aspects and impacts over the life cycle. Consumers need to be aware of these limitations when making purchase decisions.
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Gukasova, A. E., e S. P. Kiseleva. "TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR". Vestnik Universiteta, n. 7 (7 settembre 2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-7-76-82.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Actual problems of industry and environmental aspects of their manifestation have been designated. To reduce the negative impact of industry on the environment, the authors suggest using public procurement tools. The main measures carried out by the state in the interests of ensuring environmental-oriented purchases of industrial products have been given. It has been proposed to expand the practice of using life-cycle contracts as the main way of state support for environmental-oriented procurement, which will subsequently allow you to use effectively available resources, taking into account the environmental factor. There is a large number of different methods for determining the stages of the product life cycle. An attempt was made in this article to describe the application of the environmental factor at each stage of the product life cycle using the example of industry.
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Kovačič Lukman, Rebeka, Vasja Omahne e Damjan Krajnc. "Sustainability Assessment with Integrated Circular Economy Principles: A Toy Case Study". Sustainability 13, n. 7 (31 marzo 2021): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073856.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
When considering the sustainability of production processes, research studies usually emphasise environmental impacts and do not adequately address economic and social impacts. Toy production is no exception when it comes to assessing sustainability. Previous research on toys has focused solely on assessing environmental aspects and neglected social and economic aspects. This paper presents a sustainability assessment of a toy using environmental life cycle assessment, life cycle costing, and social life cycle assessment. We conducted an inventory analysis and sustainability impact assessment of the toy to identify the hotspots of the system. The main environmental impacts are eutrophication, followed by terrestrial eco-toxicity, acidification, and global warming. The life cycle costing approach examined the economic aspect of the proposed design options for toys, while the social assessment of the alternative designs revealed social impacts along the product life cycle. In addition, different options based on the principles of the circular economy were analysed and proposed in terms of substitution of materials and shortening of transport distances for the toy studied.
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Dwi Astuti, Arieyanti, Rahayu Siwi Dwi Astuti e Hadiyanto Hadiyanto. "Application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Sugar Industries". E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183104011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sugar is one of the main commodities that are needed for human life. The demand of sugar is very high with the trend increase from year to year. This condition makes the sugar industry become a leading industry that must be maintained sustainability. The sustainability of the sugar industry is influenced by the use of energy and natural resources and the resulting environmental impacts. Therefore, an effort is needed to analyze the environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts resulting from a product (sugar), by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA is a very important tool for the analysis of a process/system from its cradle to grave. This technique is very useful in the estimation of energy usage and environmental load of a product/system. This paper aims to describe the main elements of sugar industries using Life Cycle Assessment.
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Van Rensburg, Melissa L., S’phumelele L. Nkomo e Ntandoyenkosi M. Mkhize. "Life cycle and End-of-Life management options in the footwear industry: A review". Waste Management & Research 38, n. 6 (17 marzo 2020): 599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20908938.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It is well recognized globally that the footwear industry contributes to a large waste stream throughout its life cycle. This article reviews the literature pertaining to the life cycle of footwear products and their End-of-Life (EoL) management strategies. The review discusses critical aspects of the footwear industry, commencing with a background on the growth and consumption of footwear products across the globe. The review provides an overview of the environmental impacts of different footwear materials across their life cycles. In this regard, leather materials are given intense focus due to their poor environmental performance. The review further examines proactive and reactive approaches to footwear waste management, whilst additionally exploring the challenges facing EoL footwear recovery. Finally, pyrolysis is examined as a thermochemical treatment process with value due to its potential to recover materials from post-consumer footwear. The significant findings in this review paper are as follows: (a) leather footwear materials have the most detrimental environmental impacts across their life cycle; (b) there is limited scientific literature on thermochemical processes (particularly pyrolysis) as waste recovery options for post-consumer footwear; and (c) several challenges face the recovery of post-consumer footwear products, including inefficient reverse logistics, mixed product recycling and difficulties establishing a value recovery chain. This review paper recommends further research on pyrolysis as a potential post-consumer footwear recovery option. Exploring the viability of new avenues for footwear waste recovery is significant due to its potential to divert this waste stream from landfills and allow a progression toward a more circular economy.
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Vetrova, Maria, e Dinara Ivanova. "Closed Product Life Cycle as a Basis of the Circular Economy". GATR Journal of Business and Economics Review (GATR-JBER) VOL. 5 (4) JAN-MAR. 2021 5, n. 4 (13 marzo 2021): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.5.4(4).
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective – The circular economy aims to preserve the value of products and materials within a closed supply chain. The existing models and decision-making methods for managing the end of the product life cycle are mostly focused on the economic aspects. While the circular economy is aimed at combining environmental, economic and social goals. This article aims to develop a model for enterprise decision-making on the disposal of used products, taking into account socio-environmental and economic factors. Methodology/Technique – The article analyzes the impact of digital technologies on the formation of closed supply chains and the development of a circular economy. At the same time, special attention is focused on the model of a closed product life cycle, as a fundamental element in the formation of a circular economy at the micro and nano levels, as well as the importance of using digital technologies at all stages of the product life cycle. Findings –The methods of product management at the end of the life cycle studied in the article have made it possible to form a simulation decision support model regarding the method of product disposal, taking into account environmental and economic feasibility. Novelty – This study identified the main trends in the development of closed supply chains under the influence of digital technologies in the context of a circular economy. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: F42, F43 Keywords: Circular Economy; Digital Technology; Decision-making Model; Closed-loop Supply Chains Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Vetrova, M; Ivanova, D. (2021). Closed Product Life Cycle as a Basis of the Circular Economy, Journal of Business and Economics Review, 5(4) 36–50. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.5.4(4)
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Briem, Ann-Kathrin, Thomas Betten e Daniel Wehner. "Personalized Life Cycle Assessment – Reflecting Individuality within the Methodological Framework". Matériaux & Techniques 107, n. 5 (2019): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2019030.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Growing environmental awareness in society increasingly influences individual everyday decisions, such as which product to buy or how to sustainably use it. Yet, available information to support these decisions is often limited, or difficult to understand particularly regarding sustainability. Effective ways of communicating environmental impacts of individual decisions are required to close this gap. While Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an established tool to evaluate environmental impacts of products and services and support environmental decision-making, the results are typically standardized and based on statistical or averaged data. However, for individuals, this information might be irrelevant, as it neglects personal situation, behavior, information need, or individual level of expertise. In tackling those central issues of personalization in LCA, this article focuses on two main questions: How can individual aspects be addressed in LCA and at which stages of the methodology can LCA be personalized? For this purpose, the ISO 14040/44 standards are analyzed regarding individuality, and current approaches in literature are presented. In an explorative approach, this research identifies two general approaches of personalizing LCA. A personalized Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) enables evaluating the environmental impacts of personal(ized) products and conditions. A broader personalization approach based on the flexibility of the methodological framework of LCA aims at providing understandable and relevant results for individual stakeholders. This article provides an overview, outlines key aspects of this vision, and points out further research needs to bring the concept into application.
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Gustova, T. V. "Aspects of life cycle in its projection onto production of meat and meat-containing canned food: systematic review". Theory and practice of meat processing 7, n. 3 (14 ottobre 2022): 200–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2022-7-3-200-213.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
While choosing one or another product from a wide variety on the market, we intuitively focus on the quality of the food product, we pay attention to its source, raw material and how this food is made. At the same time, the same questions are being asked by food manufacturers as they want to be sure of the quality and safety of purchased raw materials and ingredients. In both cases, decisions should be based on the consequences they could entail. It must be acknowledged that any failure in the field-to-shelf chain system may harm the consumers’ health, as well as may lead to disruptions and losses in the food industry. Producers and consumers are increasingly concerned in the terms of life cycles. The life cycle is the most expressive and comprehensive approach to achieve the highest usefulness of the made decisions. The fact is that life cycle problems can be solved, and product life cycles can be managed, controlled and regulated. This is widely applied, for example, by the use of life cycle methodology in solving environmental problems highlighted in this article. However, in the meat processing industry the standards of the ISO 9000 series are not supported by this methodology. It was necessary to find and define the problem-exposed stages from the full life cycle of production of meat and meat-containing canned food within the system “from the field to the shop shelf”. Those problem-exposed stages are responsible for safety and quality of canned food and responsible for maintaining the safety and quality of ready-to-eat food products, as the most relevant stages in the meat processing industry. Here the author proposes for consideration three stages of the life cycle of canned meat and meat-containing food, including its pre-production, production process and post-production. It is assumed that the impacts at certain limited stages of the canned food production cycle will be representative in terms of consequences of applied decisions.
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Gheorghiță, Cătălin, e Vlad Gheorghiță. "Eco-Audit and Environmental Impacts of Products". Applied Mechanics and Materials 834 (aprile 2016): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.834.34.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Eco-audit is a tool to find the environmental impact of the product across all life cycle stages and for identify the problems in all aspects of a supply chain, from extraction of raw materials to manufacturing, distribution, use and disposal. The purpose of an analysis of a product is to establish the embodied energy, water usage, annual CO2 to atmosphere, carbon foot print, recycle fraction in current supply, toxicity, approximate processing energy and sustainability criteria. Knowledges to guide design decisions are needed to minimize or eliminate adverse eco-impacts. In eco-audit analysis, will be created material charts, processes selection and life cycle analysis allowing alternative design choices to meet the engineering requirements and reduce the environmental impact. The application presented in this paper uses only environmentally friendly properties of Ashby's database.
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Grigoropoulos, C. J., L. T. Doulos, S. C. Zerefos e A. Tsangrassoulis. "An overview of environmental impacts of lighting products at the end of life stage through life cycle impact assessment". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 899, n. 1 (1 novembre 2021): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/899/1/012040.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) of lighting products is a methodology that analyses and evaluates environmental impacts throughout their total life cycle, from the extraction and processing of raw materials, design, construction, transportation, distribution, use, recycling and re-use of materials, and last their final disposal. According to the results of a large number of LCIAs, lighting products have a substantial environmental impact in multiple areas, as for example in primary energy, toxicological effects, the effect on global warming, the level of environmental acidification, etc. All of those impacts could result in more efficient products by enhancing the product design process (using Ecodesign). At the initial design stage of lighting products, the manufacturer should also take into consideration circular economy aspects at the End of Life stage (EoL) such as repair, reuse, remanufacturing, retrofitting, recycling, and upcycling and not only the energy savings from the use stage or the selection of raw materials. The scope of this paper is to collect and present an overview of all environmental impacts of LCIA analyses focusing at EoL stage of lighting products. Those impacts could be used as data input into a future model that determines which lighting products are more environmentally friendly.
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Terjek, Anita, e Annamária Dudás. "Sustainability and Environmental Awareness in the Ceramic Industry". European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, n. 8 (31 agosto 2020): 970–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.8.2027.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The choice of building materials is primarily based on technical, economic and aesthetic aspects, but environment impact cannot be ignored. The objective of this research was to assess the factors in the product development aiming to improve slipperiness of ceramic tile. Firing time and temperature representing 8 manufacturing scenarios were examined taking into account the change in glazing. Laboratory slip resistance and surface roughness tests were conducted. While optimizing surface properties, environmental performance of ceramic tile was investigated with the analysis of Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) focusing on manufacturing and maintenance of its life cycle. This methodology supports manufacturers to follow sustainability and to optimize design decisions. Referring to the Life Cycle Assessment of a building, the effect of a complex correlation system reveals a combination of technical, economic and environmental assessment.
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Terjek, Anita, e Annamária Dudás. "Sustainability and Environmental Awareness in the Ceramic Industry". European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, n. 8 (31 agosto 2020): 970–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.8.2027.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The choice of building materials is primarily based on technical, economic and aesthetic aspects, but environment impact cannot be ignored. The objective of this research was to assess the factors in the product development aiming to improve slipperiness of ceramic tile. Firing time and temperature representing 8 manufacturing scenarios were examined taking into account the change in glazing. Laboratory slip resistance and surface roughness tests were conducted. While optimizing surface properties, environmental performance of ceramic tile was investigated with the analysis of Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) focusing on manufacturing and maintenance of its life cycle. This methodology supports manufacturers to follow sustainability and to optimize design decisions. Referring to the Life Cycle Assessment of a building, the effect of a complex correlation system reveals a combination of technical, economic and environmental assessment.
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Adamczyk, Zdzisław, Andrzej Harat e Arnost Grmela. "Application of REACH and LCA System’s to the Materials Formed in the Production of Mineral Wool". Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology 21, n. 1-2 (1 dicembre 2016): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdem-2016-0011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe article analyses the application of two management systems - REACH directive and ISO 14040 (Life Cycle Assessment - LCA) with reference to the technological process as well as by-products of mineral wool production. It characterizes basic differences between the norms discussed, i.e. the strict formalization of REACH, which results in the analysis being conducted according to a precisely defined scheme, or the subjective character of LCA, which makes it possible to take into account the most important environmental aspects pertaining to the entire life cycle of a particular product. The discussion provides a basis for formulating the general conclusion that the classification criteria encompassed by REACH regulations do not allow for a complex analysis of the negative environmental impact of a particular substance (preparation, product) and should be complemented with elements of LCA analysis.
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Nielsen, P. H., e H. Wenzel. "Integration of environmental aspects in product development: a stepwise procedure based on quantitative life cycle assessment". Journal of Cleaner Production 10, n. 3 (giugno 2002): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-6526(01)00038-5.
Testo completo
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Fargnoli, Mario. "Design Process Optimization for EcoDesign". International Journal of Automation Technology 3, n. 1 (5 gennaio 2009): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2009.p0033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The importance of the environmental sustainability of industrial products has become significant both because of the ever-stricter environmental legislation in the field, and the increased demand of customers concerning environmental issues. The development of sustainable products leads engineers to take into consideration environmental aspects in concurrency with traditional technical and economical aspects from the very beginning of design activities. Thus, the role of designers is clear in integrating environmental considerations into the product design activities, increasing the efficiency of the product, reducing waste of materials and energy, and controlling costs of all its life cycle stages. The output of the study consists of the development of an integrated design process model, called Operative EcoDesign Process, which is able to indicate in practice to designers the addresses that can be followed for a more effective and efficient action.
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Bibbiani, Carlo, Fabio Fantozzi, Caterina Gargari, Carlo Alberto Campiotti e Patrizia De Rossi. "Life Cycle Assessment for "green" buildings". RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA', n. 2 (gennaio 2020): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riss2019-002-s1013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent years, the interest in "green" solutions and in particular towards the use of green roofs and walls in an urban environment, not only for the reduction of the heat flow through the roofing due to the absorption of solar radiation and to its thermal inertia, but also for the mitigation of the heat island effect linked to the evapo-transpiration processes of plants. The benefits concerning comfort, and consequently the reduction of energy and economic costs, linked to the lower energy consumption for air conditioning under these green coverings, and the improvement of the quality of living in urban areas with a wider availability of green areas, which are often usable, are undeniable aspects of a "green" design and are widely investigated and documented. Only recently, however, research has started to address the issue of green design in terms of impacts in the life cycle, calculated according to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In this research two equivalent coverings are compared in terms of summer thermal performance in the Mediterranean area: an extensive green roof and a ‘high-permeation' tiles roof covering, compiling the environmental performance of the life cycle with the phases of production, use and end of life, based on Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) compliant to the EN15804 standard.
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Peng, Wenjie, Daizhong Su e Shuyi Wang. "Development of an Innovative ICT Infrastructure for an Eco-Cost System with Life Cycle Assessment". Sustainability 13, n. 6 (12 marzo 2021): 3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A novel Internet-based information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure for an eco-accounting system was successfully developed to deliver “EcoCosts”, which are the values of environmental impact throughout the product life cycle. The ICT infrastructure manages its internal elements and interacts with operation modules in the supply chain via Web-based service interfaces. The infrastructure consists of upperware, middleware, and resource layers. The upperware layer manipulates the middleware elements (cloud-based load balancing, life cycle assessment, Web-based services, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-enabled mobile access), and manages the associated resources within the eco-accounting system. As novel features of the ICT infrastructure, load balancing is used to handle large numbers of data and to allocate the computing load across the eco-accounting network nodes, and life cycle assessment is conducted to analyse product footprints, which are the core of “EcoCost”, to facilitate consumers in comparing the environmental impacts between different products. A case study was conducted by transmitting product EcoCosts from businesses to consumers through the Internet, successfully verifying the system developed in this research. Because this research aims to pay more attention to the ICT aspects, the EcoCost is represented using a single value, hence simplifying the related calculation. This research provides a novel solution for dealing with the large numbers of data and computing loads required to manage EcoCost data throughout the product life cycle and to transmit EcoCosts from businesses to consumers.
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Rosignoli, Dario, Giovanni Martinola e Martin Bäuml. "Ecological Impact and Economic Aspects of Advanced Concrete Technologies". Key Engineering Materials 302-303 (gennaio 2006): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.302-303.35.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Reinforced concrete structures are often conceived for a certain time span of serviceability. Due to the superposition of different kinds of loads and particularly due to the presence of aggressive substances the resistance of construction materials is insufficient in numerous cases. Hence, many structures have to be repaired before the end of their designed life span. In case of reinforced concrete structures these repair measures are not only very expensive but they also consume high amounts of energy and materials which causes strong environmental impacts. The main challenge in developing reliable concrete technologies is the capability to enhance the life span of new and already repaired structures to a reasonable maximum. When aiming this objective not only durability related material properties have to be accomplished but their environmental impact has to be minimized simultaneously. This paper evaluates different concrete technologies and materials from diverse perspectives: Durability (simulating expected life span using numerical analyses), ecology (product life cycle and environmental impact assessments) and economy (estimating life cycle costs by investment appraisals). This kind of combined analysis facilitates the efficient design of structural elements and repair measures and provides the possibility to significantly increase the life span of new and repaired concrete structures.
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D’Eusanio, Manuela, Monica Serreli e Luigia Petti. "Social Life-Cycle Assessment of a Piece of Jewellery. Emphasis on the Local Community". Resources 8, n. 4 (21 settembre 2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8040158.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An increasing global focus on sustainability has affected the jewellery industry by raising questions about its environmental and social impacts and ethics due to the negative impacts of gold mining. It is essential to consider the social aspects of mining activities on the socio-economic environment and the affected individuals in order to understand the sustainability of the jewellery industry in a better way. Nonetheless, this is a gap in the evaluation of the issues of jewellery in the other phases of the life cycle, observed in the literature. For these reasons, the goal of this study is to assess the social and socio-economic aspects of a piece of jewellery from the artisan’s point of view by considering the relationship between a piece of jewellery and the local community. The United National Environmental Programme/Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP/SETAC) Guidelines on Social Life-Cycle Assessment, the UNEP/SETAC Methodological Sheets and the Subcategory Assessment Method were implemented. The findings show that a piece of jewellery can play an important role in supporting the local cultural heritage by innovating the traditional product, and promoting educational activities related to the history of the product and the territory. Consequently, the local community with its historical background gives an added value to the piece of jewellery. Further research on this topic is desirable in order to improve the knowledge of this particular sector and to identify other social issues that can be involved in this product.
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Fantke, Peter, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Lesa Aylward, Richard Judson, Lei Huang, Suji Jang, Todd Gouin et al. "Exposure and toxicity characterization of chemical emissions and chemicals in products: global recommendations and implementation in USEtox". International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 26, n. 5 (5 aprile 2021): 899–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-01889-y.
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Abstract Purpose Reducing chemical pressure on human and environmental health is an integral part of the global sustainability agenda. Guidelines for deriving globally applicable, life cycle–based indicators are required to consistently quantify toxicity impacts from chemical emissions as well as from chemicals in consumer products. In response, we elaborate the methodological framework and present recommendations for advancing near-field/far-field exposure and toxicity characterization, and for implementing these recommendations into the scientific consensus model USEtox. Methods An expert taskforce was convened by the Life Cycle Initiative hosted by UN Environment to expand existing guidance for evaluating human toxicity impacts from exposure to chemical substances. This taskforce evaluated scientific advances since the original release of USEtox and identified two major aspects that required refinement, namely integrating near-field and far-field exposure, and improving human dose-response modeling. Dedicated efforts have led to a set of recommendations to address these aspects in an update of USEtox, while ensuring consistency with the boundary conditions for characterizing life cycle toxicity impacts and being aligned with recommendations from agencies that regulate chemical exposure. The proposed updated USEtox framework was tested in an illustrative rice production and consumption case study. Results and discussion On the exposure side, a matrix system is proposed and recommended to integrate far-field exposure from environmental emissions with near-field exposure from chemicals in various consumer product types. Consumer exposure is addressed via sub-models for each product type to account for product type-specific characteristics and exposure settings. Case study results illustrate that product use–related exposure dominates overall life cycle exposure. On the effect side, a probabilistic dose-response approach combined with a decision tree for identifying reliable points of departure is proposed for non-cancer effects, following recent guidance from the World Health Organization. This approach allows for explicitly considering both uncertainty and human variability in toxicity effect factors. Factors reflecting disease severity are proposed to distinguish cancer from non-cancer effects and within the latter to discriminate reproductive/developmental and other non-cancer effects. All proposed aspects have been consistently implemented into the original USEtox framework. Conclusions The recommended methodological advancements address several key limitations in earlier approaches. Next steps are to test the new characterization framework in additional case studies and to close remaining research gaps. Our framework is applicable for evaluating chemical emissions and product-related exposure in life cycle assessment, chemical alternatives assessment and chemical substitution, consumer exposure and risk screening, and high-throughput chemical prioritization.
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Huang, Zhao Hui, e W. Su. "The User Research in New Product Development". Advanced Materials Research 44-46 (giugno 2008): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.44-46.619.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Today, people have gradually realized that when we use new technology to create more comfortable life, it has paid a heavy environmental price. Therefore, we began to estimate our social development and design innovations with sustainable development thought. This paper seeks to find the source of the product life cycle, based on user needs as the research object, from the point of view as politics, economy, culture, lifestyle and many other aspects. Innovative product design characteristics of sustainable development are exlplored in depth, so that the products we designed, in a globalized competition environment, can live in harmony with the society and environment, meet people's needs, and at the same time, compete in the market with unique charm.
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Gusarova, M. L., O. B. Terekhova, N. I. Volkova, N. V. Rodygina, G. I. Kapitanova e P. B. Ilyin. "CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF PLANT PRODUCTS". Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 247, n. 3 (5 settembre 2021): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-247-3-51-57.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Today, more and more consumers around the world give preference to goods and services with improved characteristics in terms of their impact on the environment and human health. The aim of the study is to analyze the criteria for assessing the environmental safety of plant products. Criteria for assessing the environmental safety of plant products include regulatory indicators (DSTU), as well as assessment criteria for obtaining environmental labeling (these include environmental criteria for assessing the life cycle). The environmental criteria for assessing the life cycle contain 23 additional state requirements for the management system for the environmental aspects of production and indicators of environmental pollution, as well as for raw materials, finished products, their packaging, labeling and consumer information. The products of plant origin, their components (raw materials, ingredients, components, etc.) and the impact on the state of the environment and human health associated with its life cycle are assessed. This approach distinguishes environmental certification from the traditional approach to assessing products for compliance with specifications or safety performance. The paper highlights the features of the criteria for assessing the environmental safety of products of plant origin, and also indicates the need for product labeling. The work carried out a comparative analysis of international certifications of the ISO level and state standards (such as GOST). The work carried out a comprehensive analysis of the differences between ecological and organic certification.
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Reyes, Tatiana, Reidson Pereira Gouvinhas, Bertrand Laratte e Bruno Chevalier. "A method for choosing adapted life cycle assessment indicators as a driver of environmental learning: a French textile case study". Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 34, n. 1 (16 settembre 2019): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060419000234.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractDespite alefforts for a sustainable production system, many companies are still struggling to implement environmental aspects in their daily product development processes. Among the evaluation and improvement methods, life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the most popular tools to achieve this goal. Up to date, LCA has been applied to many products, services, and industrial systems to evaluate their environmental impact aspects. However, there is a wide range of indicators available to be applied for LCA, and choosing an inappropriate indicator may lead the product designer to achieve wrong and weak results. Therefore, this paper proposes to overcome this difficulty by developing a method that can be used as a knowledge transfer to product designers and LCA practitioners in order to help them to make the most appropriate choice of LCA indicators. This method should have some characteristics, such as (a) to be adaptable to a given context and (b) to be dynamic, scalable, and easy to learn. The purpose of this paper is to present the Evaluation Method for Choosing Indicator (EMCI) developed to facilitate the learning process of LCA methods and to quickly select their most appropriate indicators. To validate the EMCI method, a case study on a French textile industry has been implemented. The focus was to evaluate how LCA indicators and methods were chosen to be integrated into the suitable eco-design LCA tool.
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Kayumova, R. F., Yu M. Nevolyany e A. A. Singizova. "TOWARD А TRANSITION OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY TO A CLOSED ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS MODEL". Bulletin USPTU Science education economy Series economy 4, n. 42 (2022): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/2541-8904-2022-4-42-100-106.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the analysis of modern directions of the process of transition of the textile industry from a linear to a more environmentally friendly closed model of economic development, in particular on the example of the EU countries. The main institutions and mechanisms that support environmental innovations are considered. The European Resource Efficiency Center provides assistance to small and medium-sized businesses in the transition to a global economic model of production through more efficient use of natural resources, reducing harmful emissions into the environment and reducing transport costs. To fundamentally change the trajectory of the development of the textile industry, it is necessary to rethink many aspects of the current model and the entire life cycle of the production and operation of textiles. In the conditions of "fast fashion" with the help of aggressive advertising of manufacturers, the demand for cheap clothes is artificially heated up, and this increases the number of landfills of discarded textiles. The circular economic model is based primarily on the reuse of raw materials, finished products and renewable resources. Experts believe that the circular economy is based on three main principles: maximum conservation of raw materials and finished products, waste-free production, environmentally friendly and restoration of natural systems. The basis of such a model is digital technologies, which allow to speed up and ensure the flexibility of processes at all stages of the production cycle. It is believed that in 10 years, 90 % of buyers, when choosing and buying a product, will pay attention primarily to the reputation of the company (brand) [1]. In the article, from the point of view of a systematic approach, eco-innovations financed in the EU countries are considered at the main stages of the life cycle of any textile product, starting from the stage of preparation of initial textile raw materials, production and finishing of fabrics, cutting and sewing products, and ending with the stage of operation of ready-made clothes. The analysis of modern innovations is carried out, which makes it possible to increase the environmental friendliness of each stage of the life cycle of a textile product in terms of efficiency. At the same time, such a criterion as the size of the carbon footprint was taken as a basis. The effect of extending the life cycle of one product on the amount of harmful emissions is considered. The main directions of digitalization of the main stages of the production of textile products are given. Proposals have also been developed for the use of textile waste at the stage of cutting products
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CHAMIER-GLISZCZYŃSKI, Norbert. "Selected aspects of environmentally oriented disassembly modeling of combustion engines". Combustion Engines 137, n. 2 (1 maggio 2009): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117189.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The examinations of a product life cycle constitute a starting point in their design and improvement. The received results of environmental analysis carried out on a combustion engine showed both improving works on the problem of the selection of structural materials and the process of a disassembly of an end of life combustion engine. Generatign a model of this process allowed a constant optimization of the environment related recycling processes for which the basic process is a disassembly. The optimization of the disassembly process of an end of life combustion engine led to an increase in the level of the recovery and recycling from the vehicle. At the same time environmental benefits had a positive effect on the values of the economic indexes prepared for the recycling processes of end of life technological objects
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Fedoryszyn, A., e M. Brzeziński. "Comparative Analysis of Environmental Impacts of Selected Products". Archives of Foundry Engineering 13, n. 1 (1 marzo 2013): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2013-0004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate that environmental impacts exerted by manufactured products throughout their entire life cycle are major aspects to be considered, alongside their functional features and cost-effectiveness. One of the available methods to evaluate environmental impacts is known to as the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The study summarises the reports from the literature on the subject of environmental impact assessment. In conclusions, the authors indicate the need for assessing the environmental impact of cast products made from conventional and newly introduced alloys.
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Lewandowska, Anna. "Multifunctionality of product systems – a general insight from the circular economy’s perspective". Acta Innovations, n. 30 (1 gennaio 2019): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.30.8.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
One of the key and simultaneously the most difficult issues within the methodology of the environmental life cycle assessment (as well as related life cycle-based techniques) is solving the problem of the multifunctionality of product systems, which includes the questions crucial for the circular economy: reuse, recycling, transforming by-products into valuable (in the market aspect) co-products, prolonging durability. The present paper aims at familiarizing the questions of multifunctionality and presenting the Circular Footprint Formula (CFF), which has been developed within the pilot stage of the European Commission project related to the common methods of measurement and communication the life cycle environmental performance of products and organisations. An example of PET bottles has been presented and two scenarios have been analysed: (1) a scenario with no recycling (a recycling content = 0 and a recycling rate = 0) and (2) a scenario with recycling (recycling content = 0.24 and recycling rate = 0.24). Calculations of life cycle emissions of CO2 have been made by using the CFF formula. An idea of division environmental burdens and credits between supplier and user of the recycled material has been shown and explained as well.
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Wang, Shuyi, e Daizhong Su. "Sustainable Product Innovation and Consumer Communication". Sustainability 14, n. 14 (8 luglio 2022): 8395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148395.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sustainable product innovation and its communication with consumers are essential for the realisation of sustainability through sustainable consumption. This research conducted a structured review addressing sustainable product innovation, including sustainable product development and service, environmental and socio-economic impacts, communication of the sustainable product innovation to consumers via ecolabelling and declarations, and sustainability benchmarking. The review revealed that current research in sustainable product development and service focuses more on environmental and economic aspects, but the social aspect has not been given enough attention, and the interconnection between product development and service needs to be further addressed. Systematic sustainable innovation, considering the whole life cycle of the product to control and improve overall sustainability in the early product development stages should be paid more attention. To overcome the gaps, a framework for sustainable product development and services (SPDS) was developed and presented. Furthermore, this review found that communicating understandable environmental and socio-economic performance of products and services with consumers is still challenging. Barriers are identified in deriving benchmarks through sustainability performance assessments. This paper also provides examples of overcoming the barriers in sustainable benchmarking and communication with the “eco-cost” method, which engages both B2B and B2C customers to promote sustainable consumption.
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Šerkinić, Vlatka, Marijana Majić Renjo e Viktor Ucović. "CO2 footprint for distribution oil immersed transformers according to ISO 14067:2018". Journal of Energy - Energija 69, n. 3 (30 giugno 2020): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/202069342.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the last few decades, climate change and the global warming have emerged as important environmental issues. The cause of global warming is the increase of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). There are several greenhouse gases responsible for global warming: water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and others. They are mostly the result of the fossil fuels' combustion in cars, buildings, factories, and power plants. The gas responsible for the most of the global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2). This increase in the greenhouse gas emissions leads to a greater interest of the consumers, board management and stakeholders in the environmental impact of their activities, products and services.The verification of the Carbon Footprint of distribution oil immersed transformer, presented in this paper, was recognized as an opportunity for the company to understand its own environmental impact and to identify inefficiencies and opportunities within its business.Carbon Footprint of a Product (CFP) is a rather new term closely related to the greenhouse gas emissions. The CFP is considered as a total of the greenhouse emissions generated during the life cycle of a product – that is, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to a final disposal. It is described within the standard ISO 14067:2018 Carbon footprint of products – Requirements and guidelines for quantification [1]. This standard belongs to the environmental series ISO 14000 and enables the organization to demonstrate its environmental responsibility.Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), as well as the Carbon Footprint of products together with environmental impact of the product, are shown in this paper in accordance with standard ISO 14067:2018. The LCA is a method for the quantification of the environmental impacts of individual products. It takes into account a complete life cycle, starting from a raw material production, until the product’s final disposal or materials’ recycling in accordance with ISO 14040 [2] and ISO 14044 [3]. Greenhouse gases are expressed in mass-based CO2 equivalents (CO2e), which is the unit of measurement in the ISO 14067:2018 standard. The functional unit in ISO 14067:2018 can be either a product or a service. In this paper, the functional unit was the product – oil immersed distribution transformer, in four product variations. The LCA scope used in the preparation of this study was "cradle to gate" – it covers the CFP from the acquisition of the raw materials ("cradle") up to dispatch from the factory ("gate").The objectives of product life cycle considerations in Končar D&ST Inc. are to reduce the use of natural resources and emissions to the environment, as well as to improve social performance at different stages of the product life cycle.By linking the economic and ecological dimension of the production, different aspects during realization of product in all phases of the life cycle come together. In this way company achieves cleaner products and processes, competitive advantage in the market and improved platform that will meet the needs of the changing business climate.Lifecycle thinking is based on the principles of reducing environmental impacts at the beginning of product creation, giving a wider picture of material and energy flow and ultimately environmental pollution prevention. These principles are organized in Končar D&ST Inc. internally by planning and introducing cleaner manufacturing processes, environmental protection management and eco-design.Incorporating ISO 14067:2018 into company business is recognized as an opportunity for transparent communication to interested parties, incorporating CO2 emissions into annual reports and as a baseline information for a first step towards managing carbon emissions.
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Barkhausen, Robin, Antoine Durand e Katharina Fick. "Review and Analysis of Ecodesign Directive Implementing Measures: Product Regulations Shifting from Energy Efficiency towards a Circular Economy". Sustainability 14, n. 16 (19 agosto 2022): 10318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610318.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The EU Ecodesign Directive was introduced as a framework to improve the environmental impact of energy-using and later energy-related products. From the beginning, the directive offered the possibility to consider not only the energy consumption of a product during its use phase, but a wider range of environmental aspects throughout the life cycle of a product, including circular economy aspects. We developed a circular economy taxonomy and analysed the coverage of functional and informational circular economy requirements in the 27 product groups regulated by ecodesign implementing measures from 2008 until 2021 by performing a content and keyword analysis of the legislative texts of 30 implementing measures and 16 amendments or repeals. We found circular economy requirements in 75% of currently regulated product groups and an increase in circular economy requirements over time and in particular in the legislations published in 2019. We found lighting products to be outliers, with many circular economy requirements early on and a focus on durability. For white goods, the focus was found to be on repairability requirements.
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Choiron, Miftahul. "Possibilities of Government’s Intervention on Canned Fish Industry based on LCA Approach." KnE Life Sciences 3, n. 3 (1 gennaio 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i3.383.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p>Nowadays, the competitiveness for industry is not only measured by the quality of product, but also its sustainability for the environment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is tool for the systematic evaluation of the environmental aspects of a product or service system through all stages of its life cycle. In Indonesia, the application of LCA is quite narrow. Most of the researches and applications of LCA only involves the industry. Whereas government can plays a role in LCA applications. The aim of this study to identify the possibilities of government role on fish canning industries based on Life Cycle Assessment approach. A fish canning industry case is used in this study. In particular case used, the fish canning process is classified in 7 production subsystems. Reducing the environmental impact of fish canning industry could be undertaken by the industry itself and the government could support through rulemaking and regulations. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Fish canning industry, government’s intervention, life cycle assessment </p>
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Sehlin MacNeil, Kristina, Sheelagh Daniels-Mayes, Skye Akbar, Jillian Marsh, Jenny Wik-Karlsson e Åsa Össbo. "Social Life Cycle Assessment Used in Indigenous Contexts: A Critical Analysis". Sustainability 13, n. 9 (5 maggio 2021): 5158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095158.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper evaluates the method Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) from the perspectives of Indigenous methodologies and Indigenous standpoint, in order to identify some strengths and limitations of using S-LCA in Indigenous contexts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to measure environmental impacts connected with all stages of the life cycle of a commercial product, process, or service. S-LCA is a methodology designed to include the social aspects of sustainability in the LCA methodology. S-LCA emphasizes stakeholder involvement and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) S-LCA guidelines (2020) lists Indigenous communities as possible stakeholders. With a focus on Indigenous communities in the Arctic region we also include comparative aspects from Australia to generate new conceptualizations and understandings. The paper concludes that S-LCA has the potential to facilitate opposing worldviews and with some further developments can be a valuable methodology for Indigenous contexts.
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Xiarchos, Ioannis, Athanasios K. Morozinis e Costas Charitidis. "Life cycle assessment and possible impacts of CFRPs for space applications". MATEC Web of Conferences 304 (2019): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930407006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Life-cycle assessment, or LCA, is an environmental management technique that considers all the aspects of resources use and environmental releases associated with an industrial product, service or a system. LCA is intended for comparison and not absolute evaluation, in this way assisting decision makers when choosing between alternative courses of action. In Space applications, LCA is used to evaluate environmental impacts from early research & design stage to the mission end according to United Nations General Assembly declaration for the need of development of Space Technologies that minimize the environmental impact. More specifically, in the frame of SpaceCarbon project, preliminary research design laboratory activities have been studied by the Life Cycle Assessment technique and environmental impact hotspots were identified, mainly the use of carbon fibres and epoxy resin which affect mainly “climate” and “resources” environmental damage categories. This is explained by the high energy intensity of carbon fibres production, petrochemical origin of carbon fibre preform, epoxy resin toxicity and related emissions (NOx, SO2). It is worth pointing out though, that weight reduction and related energy savings (e.g. reduction of fuels consumption), longevity of space technology application in the use phase are beneficial for the environmental impacts minimization.
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Boenzi, Francesco, Salvatore Digiesi, Francesco Facchini e Bartolomeo Silvestri. "Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Supply Chain: Fresh Versus Semi-Finished Based Production Process". Sustainability 14, n. 20 (11 ottobre 2022): 13010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The agri-food supply chain is responsible for high GHG emissions. In industrial food processing, there is potential for reducing environmental impacts. In the case of apricot jam, several practices for realizing the finished product can be adopted. If, on the one hand, the scientific literature provides detailed studies on the economic aspects of the existing practices, on the other hand, a comprehensive assessment of the most common production practices from an environmental perspective is not provided. Apricot jam production can be based on two different kinds of raw materials: fresh fruit and the so-called “semi-finished product”, which is obtained by treating fresh fruits with mechanical and thermal processes. The most extended shelf-life of the semi-finished product allows for the adoption of more flexible production practices, leading to increased production performance and ensuring more efficient transportation strategies. In environmental terms, the convenience of this approach compared to adopting fresh fruit is questionable. The aim of this paper is to compare the environmental impacts due to these two different production and transport practices of apricot jam. Consistent with this end, a Life Cycle Assessment methodology has been adopted to evaluate the environmental impact of each step in the apricot jam supply chain. Research results suggest that the use of fresh apricots in the production of jams has a lower environmental impact (about 50–65% without considering transport activities) than the use of semi-finished products, and that losses due to the short shelf-life of fresh fruit limits the transportation distance of the raw and fresh material, also depending on the transport mode adopted (in the range of 875–4450 km). This highlights the need to adopt more clean and sustainable practices in the current industrial food processes.
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Roffeis, M., B. Muys, J. Almeida, E. Mathijs, W. M. J. Achten, B. Pastor, Y. Velásquez, A. I. Martinez-Sanchez e S. Rojo. "Pig manure treatment with housefly (Musca domestica) rearing – an environmental life cycle assessment". Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 1, n. 3 (agosto 2015): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2014.0021.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The largest portion of a product’s environmental impacts and costs of manufacturing and use results from decisions taken in the conceptual design phase long before its market entry. To foster sustainable production patterns, applying life cycle assessment in the early product development stage is gaining importance. Following recent scientific studies on using dipteran fly species for waste management, this paper presents an assessment of two insect-based manure treatment systems. Considering the necessity of manure treatment in regions with concentrated animal operations, reducing excess manure volumes with the means of insects presents a potentially convenient method to combine waste reduction and nutrient recovery. An analytical comparison of rearing houseflies on fresh and pre-treated pig manure is reported with reference to agricultural land occupation, water and fossil depletion potential. Based on ex-ante modelled industrial scale rearing systems, the driving factors of performance and environmentally sensitive aspects of the rearing process have been assessed. Expressed per kg manure dry matter reduction, the estimated agricultural land occupation varied between 1.4 and 2.7 m2yr, fossil depletion potential ranged from 1.9 to 3.4 kgoil eq and the obtained water depletion potential was calculated from 36.4 to 65.6 m3. System improvement potential was identified for heating related energy usage and water consumption. The geographical context and the utility of the co-products, i.e. residue substrates and insect products, were determined as influential variables to the application potential of this novel manure treatment concept. The results of this study, applied at the earliest stages of the design of the process, assist evaluation of the feasibility of such a system and provide guidance for future research and development activities.
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La Rosa e Grammatikos. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Cotton and Other Natural Fibers for Textile Applications". Fibers 7, n. 12 (25 novembre 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7120101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Among natural fibers, such as cotton, silk, wool, flax, hemp, etc., cotton is the one that takes up the highest percentage in the textile market. Nevertheless, there are obstacles associated with its cultivation; it is restricted to sub-tropical climates, and it is dependent upon high amounts of water, as well as the use of agrochemicals to ensure good yields. The use of pesticides and other types of chemical products give a negative impact on the environment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used in the present study in order to evaluate the environmental impacts of cotton cultivation and fibers production for textiles. Comparisons among traditional and organic cropping have been carried out. Further comparisons are described with other natural fibers, such as jute, hemp and kenaf, in order to identify the strong and weak points of each product. Weak (e.g., lack of supply, transportation and storage of biomass, infancy of the value chain, lack of production/distribution chains, etc.) and strong aspects (e.g., market potential, rural development, environmental benefits, etc.) are considered for the production of each type of fiber.
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Adialita, Tania, e Eka Septiarini. "Dampak Green Campaign pada Media Sosial Terhadap Purchase Intention Slow Fashion Product dengan Environmental Attitude sebagai Variabel Mediasi". J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 8, n. 1 (30 aprile 2023): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v8i1.1286.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
According to a survey by the Ministry of Industry, in 2019, the export growth of the apparel textile industry in Indonesia increased significantly to 56% of creative economy exports. Fast-fashion products encourage consumers to dress continuously, following trends at low cost. The fact is that fast-fashion products harm both social and environmental aspects. However, slow-fashion products have a longer product life cycle, better quality, and relatively higher prices and require full awareness from fashion businesses and consumers to slow down the production and consumption cycles of fashion products. Slow-fashion businesses carry out campaigns through Instagram, hoping that consumers will become aware of environmental conditions, adopt green behaviour and change attitudes toward consuming slow-fashion products to preserve the environment. This research is expected to provide information to slow-fashion businesses regarding purchase intention and environmental attitudes from green campaigns through Instagram to support environment-based business activities, especially slow-fashion products from Indonesia. The quantitative research method is obtained from a Likert scale questionnaire survey and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Using the convenience sampling method, 128 respondents found that green campaigns and environmental attitudes positively and significantly affect the purchase intention of slow-fashion products. Furthermore, environmental attitude is mediating variable between green campaigns and slow fashion product purchase intention
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Umeda, Yasushi. "Special Issue on Design and Manufacturing for Environmental Sustainability". International Journal of Automation Technology 12, n. 6 (5 novembre 2018): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2018.p0805.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This is the fourth special issue on design and manufacturing for environmental sustainability. While Japanese manufacturers are not so active in this field, the trend of integrating sustainability into manufacturing activities and management of companies is becoming dominant. We can point out three epoch-making instances: namely, United Nations’ ‘Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),’ which consists of 17 goals to be achieved by 2030, covering not only environmental sustainability but also social and human sustainability; EU’s ‘Circular Economy,’ which promotes various routes for resource circulation (e.g., reuse, remanufacturing, maintenance, and recycling) for increasing employment and market competitiveness of EU and resource efficiency; and ‘Paris Agreement’ on climate change, which enforces reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases to zero by the end of this century. This special issue includes six well-written papers, all of which are deeply related to these three policies. The first four papers focus on product life cycle or even multiple product life cycles. This aspect is an inherent feature of design and manufacturing for environmental sustainability, which was not considered in traditional design and manufacturing. The keywords of these four papers are life cycle CO2 emission evaluation of electric vehicles, life cycle simulation of reuse among multiple product life cycles, disassembly part selection based on the idea of life expectancy, and personalization design aiming at avoiding mass production and mass disposal. The latter two papers are rather fresh in this journal. The fifth paper deals with customer preferences in Indonesia. Focusing on life styles in developing countries is a very important topic emphasized in SDGs. The last paper deals with food waste, which is emphasized in both SDGs and Circular Economy. Most of the papers, revised and extended in response to the editor’s invitations, were originally presented at EcoDesign 2017: the tenth International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, held in Tainan, Taiwan. The editor sincerely thanks the authors and reviewers for their devoted work in making this special issue possible. We hope that these articles will encourage further research on design and manufacturing for environmental sustainability.
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Prastawa, Heru, Sri Hartini, Mohamat Anshori, Siechara Hans e Christoper Wimba. "Integration between Green Quality Function Deployment, Modularity Concept and Life Cycle Assessment Toward Sustainable Product Design". MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 02070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815902070.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The design phase is recognized as a key phase in the application of sustainable manufacturing concepts. Green Quality Function Deployment (GQFD) and modularity play an important role in product design. Green Quality Function Deployment produces technical parameters that represent the needs of consumers while taking into account environmental aspects. Modularity benefits manufacturing and flexibility in facing adjustments and changes. Integration of GQFD and modularity is expected to generate synergistic gains from both. The results are measured by life cycle assessment (LCA) to determine the impact of the product on the environment. This study shows that GQFD, modularity and LCA integration in realizing sustainable product design is worthy of consideration. The case study was conducted with the fan because the product is very needed in the tropics, such as Indonesia.
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Mitovski, Aleksandra, Dragana Zivkovic, Ljubisa Balanovic, Nada Strbac e Zivan Zivkovic. "Life cycle assessment (LCA) of lead-free solders from the environmental protection aspect". Chemical Industry 63, n. 3 (2009): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0903163m.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Life-cycle assessment (LCA) presents a relatively new approach, which allows comprehensive environmental consequences analysis of a product system over its entire life. This analysis is increasingly being used in the industry, as a tool for investigation of the influence of the product system on the environment, and serves as a protection and prevention tool in ecological management. This method is used to predict possible influences of a certain material to the environment through different development stages of the material. In LCA, the product systems are evaluated on a functionally equivalent basis, which, in this case, was 1000 cubic centimeters of an alloy. Two of the LCA phases, life-cycle inventory (LCA) and life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA), are needed to calculate the environmental impacts. Methodology of LCIA applied in this analysis aligns every input and output influence into 16 different categories, divided in two subcategories. The life-cycle assessment reaserch review of the leadfree solders Sn-Cu, SAC (Sn-Ag-Cu), BSA (Bi-Sb-Ag) and SABC (Sn-Ag-Bi-Cu) respectively, is given in this paper, from the environmental protection aspect starting from production, through application process and finally, reclamation at the end-of-life, i.e. recycling. There are several opportunities for reducing the overall environmental and human health impacts of solder used in electronics manufacturing based on the results of the LCA, such as: using secondary metals reclaimed through post-industrial recycling; power consumption reducing by replacing older, less efficient reflow assembly equipment, or by optimizing the current equipment to perform at the elevated temperatures required for lead-free soldering, etc. The LCA analysis was done comparatively in relation to widely used Sn-Pb solder material. Additionally, the impact factors of material consumption, energy use, water and air reserves, human health and ecotoxicity have been ALSO considered including the potentials for dissolution and recycling processes.
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Sakhlecha, Manish, Samir Bajpai e Rajesh Kumar Singh. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Residential Building During Planning Stage to Forecast Its Environmental Impact". International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 12, n. 1 (gennaio 2021): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2021010110.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
India is a rapidly growing economy witnessing continuous growth in the housing sector and living standards. The main focus of construction practices still remains on the architectural aspects of the buildings, largely unconcerned with their environmental impacts. The current thrust of concern for building sector, especially in developing countries, is to assess the environmental impact of buildings in a quantifiable way for implementing sustainable measures and achieving sustainability. Lifecycle assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive tool that is used worldwide to assess the environmental performance of any product or a process. This paper assesses the environmental impact of a residential house at planning stage on the basis of lifecycle assessment (LCA) considering various stages of building like construction, operation (for service life) and demolition, and identifies the hot-spots in the form of building components, materials, and stages.
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Fonseca, Ana, Edgar Ramalho, Ana Gouveia, Filipa Figueiredo e João Nunes. "Life Cycle Assessment of PLA Products: A Systematic Literature Review". Sustainability 15, n. 16 (16 agosto 2023): 12470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612470.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The rising concerns about environmental harm and pollution create a setting for the search for better materials to produce more sustainable products. Plastic plays a crucial role in modern life and most of the commonly used are of fossil origin. Polylactic Acid (PLA) has been appointed as a more sustainable alternative, due to its origins in biodegradable raw materials. This paper aims to review scientific research, where Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is performed on this material, in order to further understand the environmental impacts and to assess whether it is a more viable option when compared to the most commonly used plastics. A systematic literature review of 81 LCA studies focused on the LCA of PLA products was conducted. An assessment of key aspects, including the system boundaries, raw materials origin, and quantitative analysis of five environmental impact categories was performed. In this comparative analysis, in addition to presenting the results for PLA products, they are also compared with other fossil-based plastics. This leads to the conclusion that PLA has higher environmental impacts on Marine Eutrophication, Freshwater Eutrophication, and Human Toxicity, which are mainly related to the agricultural phase of growing the raw materials for PLA production. For Climate Change, Polystyrene (PS) presents the higher Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, and for the Ozone Layer Depletion category, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) presents the higher impact. PLA is a solution to replace fossil plastics. However, the use of alternative biomass sources without competition with the feed and food sector could be a key option for biobased materials production, with lower environmental and socioeconomic impacts. This will be a pathway to reduce environmental impacts in categories such as climate change, marine eutrophication, and freshwater eutrophication.
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Bjørnbet, Marit Moe, e Sigurd Sagen Vildåsen. "Life Cycle Assessment to Ensure Sustainability of Circular Business Models in Manufacturing". Sustainability 13, n. 19 (4 ottobre 2021): 11014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131911014.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Circular business models (CBMs) represent a path for coordinating circular economy (CE) efforts. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool for quantifying environmental effects of a product or a service and can therefore evaluate the environmental sustainability of CBMs. This paper explores whether LCA can act as an enabler for manufacturing companies who want to implement a CBM. Following a case-study approach, we draw on the experiences of a specific manufacturing company during the time period 2014–2021. The paper presents key lessons on the interaction between LCA and CE. The study finds that LCA—by providing quantified results on the environmental impacts of circular strategies—limits the risk of problem shifting and challenges the normative rule of closing the loop by including a set of multiple impact categories. LCA offers a common platform and encourages communication with stakeholders. These characteristics make LCA a well-suited tool for CBM development. However, the holistic perspective on environmental problems that LCA provides can also complicate CE’s clear message of ‘closing the loop’. Lastly, LCA is a tool for environmental evaluation, and with the main emphasis of CE also on environmental issues, there is high risk of neglecting social and economic aspects of sustainable development.
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Wójcik-Augustyniak, Marzena, Marek Szajczyk, Alenka Ojstršek e Marjan Leber. "LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF METALLISED TEXTILES. THE CASE STUDY OF MATUROLIFE PROJECT". Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach. Seria: Administracja i Zarządzanie 50, n. 50 (9 aprile 2020): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/zn.2019.50.01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article provides an overview of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method which supports manufacturers’ environmental information needs by evaluation of the environmental aspects and potential influences throughout the lifetime of the product. In the article results are presented of the first phase of the life cycle assessment of metallised textiles and the context for the analysis is a new project: „Metallisation of Textiles to make Urban living for Older people more Independent & Fashionable – MATUROLIFE”, implemented under the HORIZON 2020 Programme – “Advanced materials & innovative design for improved functionality & aesthetics in high added value consumer goods”.The article presents the most important assumptions for assessing the environmental effects associated with the metallization of various textiles, including primarily electroless copper coating, by calculating the demand for materials and energy, and taking into account emissions to air, water and soil, and by assessing their impact on the environment. The use of LCA as a management tool with great potential for making decisions within strategic business planning was analyzed.
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RATOSHNIUK, Tatiana, Alla SOKOLOVA, Viktor RATOSHNIUK e Mykhailo MARTYNYUK. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS". Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 310, n. 5(1) (29 settembre 2022): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-310-5(1)-30.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The socio-economic development of Ukraine requires increasing the level of food security of the state, providing the population with high-quality and ecologically safe food products in order to preserve their health and improve the welfare of society. The safety of food for the health of the population can be guaranteed only under the condition of organizing strict quality control of food products entering the domestic market, as well as through the implementation of a stimulating policy for the production of ecological products. In this connection, there is an objective need to develop and introduce a set of coordinated organizational and economic measures, which should be based on stricter public, state and self-government control over compliance with established norms and standards regarding production technologies and be implemented at all stages of the product life cycle. An important role in this context will be played by increasing the social responsibility of business, popularization of environmentally safe and energy-saving technologies, greening of all production and consumption processes, which requires coordinated cooperation of managers, managers and employees of agricultural, agro-industrial and processing enterprises, scientists, educators and the public. The legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine has the greatest influence on the regulation of ecologically safe production of agricultural products. Ecological safety of agricultural products is the state of agricultural products, in which the state has established and established in current legislation mandatory safety parameters for this type of products, special sanitary and veterinary measures and requirements for both products and their producers, establishment of uniform standards safety, uniform systems of certification and marking, state control and supervision of the fulfillment of requirements and standards of environmental safety in the production and sale of agricultural products, as well as establishing norms of administrative, criminal, and civil liability for their violation. The main goals of state regulation of the agricultural sector are: guaranteeing the food security of the state; providing the population with quality food products; providing industry with raw materials; solving the problems of the economic and social nature of the development of the agricultural industry; ensuring the investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector; increasing the export potential of the agricultural sector.
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Valente, A., D. Iribarren, J. Dufour e G. Spazzafumo. "LIFE-CYCLE PERFORMANCE OF HYDROGEN AS AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SOLUTION IN HYDROPOWER PLANTS: A CASE STUDY IN CENTRAL ITALY". Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), n. 31-36 (6 gennaio 2019): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2018.31-36.035-051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The suitability of hydrogen as an energy management solution in a run-of-river hydropower plant inCentral Italyis evaluated from a life-cycle perspective. Hydrogen production at off-peak hours via electrolysis is considered, as well as potential hydrogen storage in metal hydrides followed by hydrogen use at peak hours for power generation using fuel cell technology. Hydropower generation and hydrogen production are identified as the subsystems contributing most to the nine evaluated impact categories (e.g., global warming, abiotic depletion and cumulative energy demand). The renewable hydrogen produced shows a more favourable life-cycle environmental and energy performance than conventional hydrogen generated via steam methane reforming. Furthermore, when enlarging the system with hydrogen use for power generation, the renewable electricity product shows a better life-cycle profile than conventional electricity for the Italian electrical grid. Overall, under life-cycle aspects, hydrogen is found to be a suitable energy solution in hydropower plants both as a hydrogen product itself (e.g., for transportation) and as a feedstock for subsequent power generation at peak hours.
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Aranda, Juan, David Zambrana-Vásquez, Felipe Del-Busto e Fernando Círez. "Social Impact Analysis of Products under a Holistic Approach: A Case Study in the Meat Product Supply Chain". Sustainability 13, n. 21 (4 novembre 2021): 12163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112163.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Social impact assessment of products can be approached through different methodologies that need to be adapted to the particularities and features of the studied subject. Thus, the Social Life Cycle Assessment methodology can be used to assess different innovative practices of product manufacturing, under a circular economy approach, by identifying potential positive as well as negative impacts along products’ life cycle. This paper presents the results of the Social Life Cycle Impact Assessment of a reference product from the Spanish meat industry using existing and new innovative methods of social impact analysis. Worker discrimination, health and safety for workers, consumers and local community were identified as the social aspects with relevant significance into the business or for the influence on customer’s perception of the products studied. Therefore, results can represent a reference scenario for the future assessment of innovative solutions in the Spanish meet sector. Despite the scarce use of Social Life Cycle Impact Assessment, this case study is a good example of how this innovative kind of assessment can be helpful for companies to identify their weak and strong social performance areas and design strategies to improve in Social Responsibility Management.