Tesi sul tema "Procédés de fabrication – Performances"
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Guibert, Nicolas. "Étude et modélisation de l’influence des phénomènes de coupe sur les performances du forage vibratoire". Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10117.
Testo completoIn the world of machining, due to new environmental constraints, the use of cooling is less and less recommended. For drilling operations, several techniques avoiding or limiting coolant have appeared during the last few years. Vibratory drilling is a new process which generates low frequency self vibrations in order to get a discontinuous cutting. Thus the low uncut chip thickness allows its natural evacuation. Vibrations are generated by a self vibratory drilling head which can be used on every kind of machine tool. This PhD work aims at modelling the cutting phenomenon in vibratory drilling. For each tool/material pair, it is possible to identify the cutting coefficients of the models thanks to an experimental strategy. The resulting models had then been introduced in a numerical simulator. This allows a virtual study of the dynamical behaviour of the drilling head with a fairly accuracy. Several experimental rounds of test show that the drill geometry, the cutting conditions and the drilling head parameters have a strong effect on the vibration’s area. All the experiments have been done on an industrial application of crankshaft drilling. The optimization of this new process proved that long dry vibratory drilling is effective at an industrial scale. The drilling’s quality is similar to the one of traditional drilling. The productivity is increased by five compared to the one of gun-drilling
Waris, Marc. "Mise en œuvre, instrumentation, validation et modélisation d'un système d'injection RTM pour la fabrication de structures composites de hautes performances". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849584.
Testo completoWaris, Marc. "Mise en œuvre, instrumentation, validation et modélisation d’un système d’injection RTM pour la fabrication de structures composites de hautes performances". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EMSE0661/document.
Testo completoA significant growth in production and consumption of composite materials can be seen recently; growth reinforced by the new European standards, aimed at reducing CO2 emissions by the year 2020.The producing of complex parts can cause many difficulties for manufacturing because of their geometries and / or their constituents (using of various materials). For example, dry zones or geometric distortion formation. The origins of these difficulties are often related to a lack of knowledge and control of the reinforcement's impregnation phases and material curing.Improving the robustness of the processes demands a detailed knowledge of physical phenomena that occur during the producing. For this, we studied the composite materials production through the implementation of a laboratory demonstrator in the project LCM Smart. This pilot injection was used to validate instrumentation solutions, from innovative sensors (OFS) developed in partnership with the optical laboratory Hubert Curien. The application of this instrumentation in the context of RTM process monitoring in the development of simple parts has demonstrated the capabilities of OFS to control physical characteristics of the part (the flow front, temperature, residual strain and curing degree). The comparison of the measured characteristics with numerical simulations carried out in collaboration with ESI showed a good correlation.Finally, instrumentation has demonstrated the capacity of composite tool made by HexTool to minimize the residual stresses due to the tool/part interaction
Moubdi, Nabila. "Méthodes de compensation des fluctuations des procédés de fabrication en vue d'ajustement des performances temporelles et énergétiques d'un système-sur-puce". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20096.
Testo completoThe new requirement for nanometer CMOS technologies enabling optimal speedand power performances is to increase the integrated circuits' robustness under thefluctuation of the PVT parameters: Process (P), Voltage (V), and Temperature (T). In thisway, identifying the exact process on a die per die basis using on-chip sensors or ringoscillators becomes a necessity. This hardware (sensors) is used to measure the intrinsicperformance of the silicon either during industrial test or while applications are running. Thesensors' data are converted to a digital format in order to classify parts at the manufacturingstage (speed binning). Within this context, the present thesis has focused on the developmentof post-manufacturing compensation algorithms in order to minimise power consumptionand/or maximise speed. More precisely, the algorithms validated at the silicon level combineboth the voltage scaling for large-grain tuning, and the body biasing for fine-grain tuning
Delamare-Calot, Agnès. "Approches méthodologique d'amélioration des performances des systèmes de production de la seconde transformation du bois". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10120.
Testo completoThe industrial markets evolve to the personnalization of the production and the need of reducing the production costs. The aim of firms is to satisfy the custom demands in time and at competitive prices. Our work consisted in setting a methodology of production systems' analysis aiming to improve their performances. In this context, we have proposed to use the combination of technics as process simulation, method of experimental designs and data analysis methods. We have deepened process simulation in the steps which have been less studied : data analysis and results exploitation. This methodology has been, next, implemented to help the furniture and joinery firms on designing their workshop
Dumoulin, Emmanuel. "Fabrication additive de pièces en polymères thermoplastiques hautes performances et en polyamide 12 par le procédé de frittage sélectif par laser". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01021861.
Testo completoToybou, Djadidi. "Nanofils d'argent à dimensions maîtrisées : synthèse, toxicité et fabrication d'électrodes transparentes". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAU039/document.
Testo completoThe market for flexible transparent optoelectronic devices (displays, touch screens, solar cells, etc.) is expanding rapidly. Traditionally indium tin oxide (ITO) is used as a transparent conductive layer material, but its high mechanical fragility coupled with an uncertain future availability of indium (material classified as critical by the European Commission) requires alternatives material to be found. Metal nanowires, especially silver-based, are among the most advanced developments with excellent optoelectronic performances, as well as simple processing and printing techniques compatible with flexible substrates. At the dawn of a probable massive use of this nanomaterial, questions are emerging regarding to their potential toxicity, in particular because of their shape factor reminiscent of that of asbestos. This thesis is based on three axes: synthesis, properties and toxicity. The optimization of the polyol process for the synthesis of silver nanowires led to the independent control of dimensions (diameter and length). The determination of the optoelectronic performances allowed to determine the targeted performances, by identifying the morphologies adapted to each field of application. Since dermal contact and inhalation were identified as the main routes of exposure for silver nanowires during their implementation, toxicity studies on fibroblasts and macrophages were conducted. This allowed the identification of different biological mechanisms according to nanowire morphology but also according to cell type. These nanowires appear to have a low toxicity, especially when compared to other known nanomaterials. This "safer by design" approach makes possible to orient the selection of the safer nanowires according to the required performances of targeted application
Marier, Stéphane. "Modélisation et évaluation des performances des processus industriels semi-structurés". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0205.
Testo completoThis thesis is concerned with the development of a semi-structured business process modeling and performance evaluation method. This method deals with activities of an operational process and their relationships. It handles not only simple relationships, but takes into account complex links expressed by cooperations. The proposed method is based on IDEF3 and Stochastic Petri nets tools. IDEF3 is first used to formalized graphically a non observed process. The IDEF3 graph obtained makes the modeled object easy ro understand and allows to describe its particularities. Generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN) are responsible of the process quantitative analysis. For this reason. A "complementarity" is established between the tools. To make it possible to go from IDEF3 to GSPN, a GSPN equivalent for each IDEF3 graphical component, conversion rules and a GSPN building procedure are proposed. When cooperative activities are met into the process, they are treated separately. They are first formalized with a descriptive model. The performance extraction from the model requires the use of simulation. The simulation model is built in two steps. The former consists to validate the partial model by means of a colored stochastic timed Petri net. An analytic method is suggested to analyze this net. Next, the cooperation specificities are added to the partial model. This latter step allows to compute the mean duration of each cooperative activity. The GSPN model is completed when the cooperation durations are integrated, each one being considered then like a simple relationship. Finally, the process performance evaluation can be computed. The developed method has been experimented on two industrial examples : a teleoperation process and a maintenance process
Nénon, Sébastien. "Contribution à l'étude du transport ambipolaire dans les transistors organiques : impact du procédé de fabrication sur les performances des couches minces". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22085/document.
Testo completoDuring the past decade, plactic electronics has become an active research domain, both fundamental and application side. Undestanding and controling the phenomenom which rule the ambipolar transport is one of the main aims of research in organic electronics and transistors. After an introduction giving the principles and a state of the art of organic ambipolar transistors, materials and methods used are described. The first chapter deals with the results obtains whith transistors based on copper phtalocyanines elaborated by a vacuum evaporation process. Stability is isolated moieties was first investigated. Then, morphology, performance and structure of bilayer and blend systems. The second chapter presents the results obtained for transistors elabored by LIFT (Laser Induced Forward Transfer). The first n-channel and p-channel transistors elabored by laser deposition were obtained from copper phtalocynanines. Then the possibility to obtain ambipolar decives was investigated. This brand new technology can permit to create microstructures with a great deposition velocity. The last chapter presents the liquid way approach. DH-DS2T and PDIF-CN2 solutions were used to realise link by mixing the two solutions. those ink where deposited by drop-cast or spin-coating. Finally, the different methods used in this work were evaluated and compared in order to define their usefulness and applicability
Nénon, Sébastien. "Contribution à l'étude du transport ambipolaire dans les transistors organiques : impact du procédé de fabrication sur les performances des couches minces". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22085.
Testo completoDuring the past decade, plactic electronics has become an active research domain, both fundamental and application side. Undestanding and controling the phenomenom which rule the ambipolar transport is one of the main aims of research in organic electronics and transistors. After an introduction giving the principles and a state of the art of organic ambipolar transistors, materials and methods used are described. The first chapter deals with the results obtains whith transistors based on copper phtalocyanines elaborated by a vacuum evaporation process. Stability is isolated moieties was first investigated. Then, morphology, performance and structure of bilayer and blend systems. The second chapter presents the results obtained for transistors elabored by LIFT (Laser Induced Forward Transfer). The first n-channel and p-channel transistors elabored by laser deposition were obtained from copper phtalocynanines. Then the possibility to obtain ambipolar decives was investigated. This brand new technology can permit to create microstructures with a great deposition velocity. The last chapter presents the liquid way approach. DH-DS2T and PDIF-CN2 solutions were used to realise link by mixing the two solutions. those ink where deposited by drop-cast or spin-coating. Finally, the different methods used in this work were evaluated and compared in order to define their usefulness and applicability
Lardeur, Etienne Dominique. "Amélioration de la performance de l'ingénierie dans un contexte d'ingénierie système : cas du développement conjoint des produits automobiles et de leurs systèmes de fabrication". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0923.
Testo completoBadin, Sophie. "Relations entre paramètres d’un procédé d’impression 3D MIM-like et performances mécaniques de structures en acier inoxydable 316L". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CLIL0023.
Testo completoMetal additive manufacturing has experienced significant growth in recent years, with applications spreading across various sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and medical. However, the most common processes, like powder bed fusion, present notable limitations, whether due to safety concerns from using volatile metal powders; or economic challenges, with high equipment and operational costs. In response to these challenges, new technologies have emerged, inspired by the metal injection molding (MIM) process and based on material extrusion. These technologies, often referred to as 'MIM-like,' use a mixture of polymers and metal powders, deposited layer by layer, followed by a debinding stage to remove the polymers, and then sintering to densify the final part.These innovations significantly reduce equipment costs and eliminate the risks associated with handling unbound powders. However, the debinding and sintering processes are still mostly carried out in expensive industrial furnaces, contradicting the initial goal of cost reduction ; or in proprietary equipment, limiting research and customization possibilities.The primary objective of this thesis is to develop an economical sintering strategy, adaptable to an accessible laboratory furnace, while ensuring performances comparable to those obtained with industrial processes. Stainless steel 316L, widely studied in the literature, was chosen as the material for this study, facilitating comparisons with existing work. This steel is typically sintered under a hydrogen atmosphere, a highly flammable gas requiring expensive leak detection and risk management systems. Therefore, alternatives to hydrogen have been explored, including argon, nitrogen, a nitrogen-hydrogen mix (90%/10%), as well as primary vacuum. This study thus provides an overview of the effects of these different sintering atmospheres on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the produced parts, comparing them to industrial conditions and MIM process standards.Finally, one of the major advantages of additive manufacturing is its ability to produce complex and lightweight parts that are impossible to create using conventional processes. While most research on extrusion processes focuses on optimizing solid parts, this thesis focuses on printing lightweight structures. A specific infill pattern was selected, and the influence of the infill density and the number of walls was studied through bending tests, analyzed using digital image correlation. These experiments aim to provide guidelines for the design and optimization of printed structural parts
Schemeleva, Kseniya. "Optimisation de la politique de lotissement et de séquencement pour une ligne de production soumise aux aléas". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667950.
Testo completoModaresialam-Bochet, Mehrnaz. "Fabrication of dielectric nanostructures by nano imprint lithography and sol-gel chemistry for optical applications". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0345.
Testo completoThe purpose of this thesis is to develop methods to elaborate nanostructured metasurfaces by combining sol-gel chemistry and nano imprint lithography (soft-NIL), which are of relevant scientific and technological interest as they inscribe themselves in the general trend of developing affordable and time-saving processes, using biocompatible and non-toxic materials. Firstly, we showcase the elaboration of new efficient antireflection coatings made of water-repellent methylated silica nipple-dimple nano-architectures (pillars and holes). The interest of these results relies on the possibility to drastically reduce reflection in a broad spectral interval and within a broad acceptance angle of the incident light, rendering them adapted to photovoltaic, glass covers, laser windows, and much more. Furthermore, these nano-materials feature a high chemical, thermal and mechanical stability. Secondly, a highly sensitive optical gas sensor was elaborated based on TiO2 nanopatterns embedded in a thin microporous hybrid-SiO2 sensitive coating. The reflectivity of the layer has then been measured in the visible range with increasing vapor pressure. The measured sensing performances are sensitivity S up to 4500 nm/RIU (0.2 nm/ppm), reflection intensity changes up to R* = 17 (0.55×10-3 R/ppm), FOM up to 12, with a Q-Factor of 4 for a specific wavelength, which is compatible with sub-ppm gas detection by simple specular reflection. Finally, a novel generation of dielectric 3D stack nanostructured patterns (e.g. TiO2 pillars - mesoporous SiO2 - TiO2 pillars) was developed as an innovative optical system that has never been experimentally studied before
Thing, Leo Gilles. "Projet de construction et fonctions d'usage : métriques de dégradation et réajustement dynamique des performances". Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1055.
Testo completoIt is widely observed that construction and renovation projects suffer poor quality in the case of buildings, for instance. This is a major drawback as it affects the sustaining development goals of the building industry. Often, the subsequent conditions of service do not meet the normative standards; the costs for renovating the buildings are significant high, and the carbon footprint increases. They result in imperfections of the whole process related to construction projects. In fact, the production process is intended integrate architectural elements and structural components by putting them together adequately with the purpose of providing functions defined as «building features». Each of these features is then expressed as performances whose level, spanning the whole life cycle of the building, depends on the quality of its implementation. The present thesis focuses, in a first part, on the quantification of a « satisfaction index » of any construction project. For this purpose, a dynamic production process modeling a building has been developed; it takes into account disturbances in order to predict quantitatively the gap between the effective performance level and the required and targeted level. In a second part, considering a given performance level, the production process modeling aims to develop « recovery functions » depending on the allocated resources. Therefore, hypothetic mathematical expressions are adopted in order to describe the deterioration and the recovery of a performance level. A theoretical approach is also developed; it is adapted by analogy with global resilience process, at the scale of a building scale. For illustrative and comparative purposes, two kinds of constructive methods, for exterior walls (façade) are considered. A sensitivity study of the project’s « satisfaction index» is then performed out according to parameters such as constructor’s know‐how and past experience, constructive process complexity as well as allocated and available resources
Lagier-Jaegler, Anicia. "Evaluation des impacts simultanes de la localisation, de l'efficacite et du type de produits fabriques sur les performances environnementales et financieres d'une chaine logistique". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844739.
Testo completoBamerni, Fanar. "Plant-based (Camelina Sativa) biodiesel manufacturing using the technology of Instant Controlled pressure Drop (DIC) : process performance and biofuel quality". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS004/document.
Testo completoThe objective of this study was to compare the production of biodiesel from Camelina seeds using conventional methods or assisted/intensified by Instant Controlled Pressure-drop DIC. Camelina is one of the most suitable feedstocks for biodiesel production as it does not compete with food crops and/or agricultural land use. Its interest lies in its high oil content, short growing season, and great ability to enrich poor, arid or semi-arid soils. The insertion of texturing by DIC allows the intensification of both 1/ extraction of the oil followed by transesterification and 2/ a single step in-situ transesterification process. In both cases, using the response surface method (RSM), statistical analyzes have led to adequate empirical mathematical models capable of better developing experimental results, optimizing treatment parameters and better define the scaling-up. The DIC process stands out for its ability to successfully achieve the structural expansion of natural products without affecting the quality of sensitive compounds such as oils and fuels produced. The increase in the amount of oil extracted after DIC texturing of seeds was 38% and 22% for pressing and solvent extraction, respectively. In ISTE mode, DIC texturing approximately doubled FAMEs yields (98% increased yields). In addition, DIC technology is a very economical technique due to its high processing capacity, low operating time, and weak energy consumption
Bois, Chloe. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844403.
Testo completoBois, Chloé. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENI076/document.
Testo completoIn a context of fossil fuel shortage and hydrocarbon emission reduction, fuel cells are a promising solution for energy production. However, the cost of the energy they produce remains too expensive to be competitive and the conventional manufacturing processes used limit the scaling up of the production. The core of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) is a stack composed of five constituents, in which the proton exchange membrane and the two gas diffusion layers have potential for being can be considered as used a a printing substrates, and the two catalyst layers can be printed by continuous printing processes.This work demonstrated the relevance of the printing process called flexography for manufacturing fuel cell components. It offers allows larger production with low waste of expensive elements. Despite of the poor printability of the both chosen substrates, the achieved catalyst layers printed by flexography reached similar electrochemical properties than those made by conventional processes
Pourtalet, Erik. "Validation de procédés de fabrication : essais de développement". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P003.
Testo completoDelaleux, Fabien. "Intensification des performances des procédés énergétiques par hybridation solaire/géothermie". Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1086.
Testo completoThe theme of the manuscript is to imagine processes combining solar and geothermal energies to improve their respective performances. Hybridization can be made from the not concentrated solar systems to the concentrated solar systems with a phase of intensification of the performances of vertical boreholes heat exchangers to move from a level to another. The first chapter deals with the coupling between geothermal and not concentrated solar energy. The aim of this part is to study the possibility of storing thermal energy produced by a solar field in the basement through borehole heat exchangers. The second part focuses on the intensification of heat transfer in low temperature geothermal energy. Different doping tests of bentonite are tested and compared. The third and last chapter is entitled coupling of geothermal and concentrated solar energy. This part joins in the context of solar thermodynamics power plants which have to resolve the double problem concerning their overall efficiency which can be improved and an important water consumption for their cooling
Mocellin, Katia. "Stratégies numériques pour la modélisation des procédés de fabrication". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931202.
Testo completoGrimaud, Guilhem. "conception des scénarios de recyclage pilotée par l’évaluation des performances des procédés". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0005/document.
Testo completoThe planet is in a particularly worrying state of degradation of ecosystems, depletion of resources, demographic tension and a climate emergency. The decoupling of the consumption of raw materials with economic activity is a relevant action lever. By reducing the pressure on the scarcity of raw materials, the circular economy can participate in the fight against climate change. Although recycling alone cannot solve resource depletion, it is essential to implement solutions to regenerate the materials present in our waste. However, the current organization of the end-of-life sector does not seem to meet the needs of the world economy.The first challenge in deploying recycling solutions in the circular economy is based on evaluating the performance of recycling scenarios. The proposed methodology is based on several analytical tools: Material Flow Analysis (MFA), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cost Costing (LCC) in a technical reference framework based on the evaluation of environmental technologies (ETV). This work applies in partnership with the company MTB. Three performance axes were chosen: technical, economic and environmental.This multi-criterion assessment, integrated into the MTB design process, allows communication in the form of key performance indicators (KPI). By providing additional performance indicators it is possible to quickly quantify the eco-efficiency, to support decision-making by designers during the development of the recycling pathway
Barbot, Elise. "Amélioration des performances par couplage de procédés de l'ultrafiltration par fibres creuses". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30058.
Testo completoSaidani, Hafedh. "Influence des paramètres procédés sur les performances des membranes polymères de nanofiltration". Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20151.
Testo completoThe applications of nanofiltration (NF) in the water treatment and industrials effluents are in a continuous development. The influence of the process parameters on the performances of the NF membranes is a special concern. The present work shows the influence of the temperature and the pH of a feed solution containing neutral and charged solutes on the permeability and the retention capacity of the several polymeric commercial NF membranes. The results show that the studied parameters have a considerable influence on the performance of NF. Characterization studies were also done to determine the relationship between physicochemical properties and the membrane performances. The parameters that affect the most NF operation: the glass transition temperature of the thin active layer and membrane charge density
Doudard, Karine. "Développement de nouveaux procédés intervenant dans la fabrication de bougies". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4014.
Testo completoIndustrial manufacturing of candles uses paraffin wax. Today, as many petroleum hydrocarbons, paraffin becomes a resource less and less available. Its production is decreasing while global demand increases. This situation creates tensions on the purchase of this raw material as well as a sharp increase of prices. The objective of this thesis is to improve raw material (paraffin or plant substitutes) integration ways in the three major processes of candle production: pressing, extrusion and filling. For the pressing process, compressibility and compactibility of paraffin powders are studied. A compression device was developed to allow the formation of tablets from powder. The results are modeled and show the influence of the size and the shape of particles on the compression (density increase under pressure) and the compaction (resistance as a function of density) of paraffin powder. Regarding the extrusion process, the goal is to improve the technical knowledge of the process and particularly to work on the relationship between mechanical properties of the raw materials, settings of the process and appearance of the final products. For this purpose, this process was simulated in laboratory. Finally, the filling process is optimized by developing a protocol as well as a formulation enabling the industrial foaming of wax. This project have an ecological positive impact as it reduces needs for fossil resources and the energy required for manufacturing and transportation of candles
Breton, Isabelle. "Investigation des procédés non-traditionnels pour la fabrication de moules". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38038.pdf.
Testo completoNewby, Pascal. "Implémentation de procédés de fabrication et d'intégration du silicium poreux". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1522.
Testo completoMelo, Walcélio. "Tempo : un environnement de développement logiciel centré procédés de fabrication". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005134.
Testo completoDI, Luzio Stéphane. "Réalisation de dioptres asphériques de grande précision pour des applications dans le domaine visible". Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET4003.
Testo completoThis work was done at Thales Angénieux as part of a CIFRE contract. It was about the study of an industrial process of aspherical lens surfaces making for applications in the visible field. Made of glass or calcium fluoride, these lenses will be used in high precision optical systems. This is why they must meet strict form (PV<200 nm) and roughness (rms<3nm) requirements. Their making is complex and cannot use the conventional methods of spherical or plan surfaces making. It is particularly difficult to meet simultaneously the form and roughness requirements even with the latest production techniques. Some measurement instruments which are adapted to each stage were associated to the making means: a profilometer for the measurement of micro-grinded surfaces, an interferometer and a deflectometer for the magneto rheological finishing phase. Among the different possible aspherical surfaces making methods, Thales Angénieux chose to develop an industrial making process which combines two key stages: a micro grinding phase and a magneto-rheological finishing phase. However, it is impossible to produce surfaces which meet the required criteria with the two stages quoted above despite an optimisation of micro grinding parameters. It proved to be necessary to insert a polishing phase named flexible polishing to insure the transition. Moreover, the process of aspherical calcium fluoride lens surfaces making was based on the diamond turning, what was impossible on glass. However, despite different attempts and analysis, we could not obtain a stable process. Thus, the aspherical calcium fluoride lenses were finally made with the same process as the glass lenses. This making process allows on the one hand to produce an aspherical surface with a form PV around 150 nm and a roughness rms between 1 to 2 nm and, on the other hand, proves to be compatible with industrial making requirements
Belhimeur, Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude d'une méthode de conception des automatismes des systémes de conduite des processus industriels". Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10039.
Testo completoLaktionov, Evgueni Viktorovitch. "Déminéralisation de solutions électrolytiques diluées : Analyse comparative des performances de différents procédés d'électrodialyse". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20088.
Testo completoGodefroy, Alexis. "Analyse thermodynamique et performances dynamiques de cycles hybrides impliquant des procédés à sorption". Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0013.
Testo completoThe increasing time-variability of energy supply and demand, along with the increasing number of energy carriers, are decisive issues in the upcoming energy context. One way to address these issues is to develop multi-purpose systems (i.e. systems providing several useful effects) integrating an energy storage feature. Developing such systems can be achieved by coupling two thermodynamic cycles in order to combine their respective features: the resulting innovative cycle, which is called a “hybrid” cycle, combines multifunctionality, flexibility and compactness. One relevant hybrid cycle is the hybrid thermochemical cycle: it is built upon (i) the three-temperatures solid/gas sorption cycle (thermochemical cycle), which enables storage of the input thermal energy (in the form of chemical energy) and provides a refrigeration effect, and (ii) the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), which is the most efficient two-temperatures cycle for providing mechanical work from a low-grade heat source.A state of the art in the field of hybrid thermodynamic cycles involving a sorption process is achieved. It points out the promising potential of these cycles for the cogeneration of power and cold from a low-grade heat source (at temperatures under 250 °C), as well as the need for investigations in a larger range of reactants and cycle configurations and for a deeper understanding of their dynamic behavior. The first part of this thesis work deals with the development of a wide thermodynamic analysis of the hybrid thermochemical cycle using ammonia as reactive gas and working fluid, focusing on heat source temperatures under 250 °C (low-grade heat sources) : 5 operating modes of the hybrid thermochemical cycle are identified and their energy and exergy performances are assessed for a wide range of solid reactive salts. Among these five modes providing power and cold cogeneration, 3 have a prevailing cold production: their share of mechanical work in useful effects ranges from 0 to 30 % and their energy and exergy efficiencies reach 0.61 and 0.40, respectively. The 2 other modes have a prevailing power production: their share of mechanical work in useful effects ranges from 50 to 100 % and their energy and exergy efficiencies reach 0.24 and 0.40, respectively. The minimal heat source temperature required for running the hybrid cycle is 87 °C and the energy storage density (related to the total volume of storage components) reaches 170 kWh/m3. The thermodynamic analysis is enriched through a comparison of the performances of hybrid thermochemical cycle with those of an alternative system made of well-known commercially available processes, providing the same features (low-grade heat storage and conversion into power and cold).At a later stage, an analysis of the dynamic behavior of hybrid thermochemical cycle is proposed to deepen the coupling between the expansion device and the reactor of the cycle, which is a key scientific issue. To this end, dynamic models are built for each component and then for the whole cycle. Starting from these models, a numerical tool is developed for the simulation of the overall dynamic behavior of the cycle. For the expansion device, three control procedures are proposed (constant exhaust pressure, constant rotation speed or constant mechanical power) and included in the numerical simulation tool: this enables quantifying the effects of the driving strategy of the expansion device on the dynamics (temperatures, pressures, flow rates and powers) and global performances of the cycle, which is needed for the upcoming experimental setup
Gazbar, Samir. "Evaluation et amélioration des performances des procédés de déshydratation mécanique des boues résiduaires". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL145N.
Testo completoMoll, Rodolphe. "Etude de l'amélioration des performances des procédés membranaires par des vortex de Dean". Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX30028.
Testo completoThis work concerns fouling reduction by means of helical hollow fibres in which Dean flow appears. The wall shear stress is stronger than in a straight fibre. It was already shown that the use of helical membranes increases limiting flux. The most advantageous configuration is a lengthened helix resulting of woven fibres. Such a geometry was never studied before. The computational fluid dynamics allowed to characterize the flow in woven hollow fibres through the influence of velocity, geometric parameters and permeated flux. When pure solvent is considered, the wall shear stress is found varying along the perimeter of a section, whereas the filtration rate remains constant. The best configuration for woven fibres is that with two fibres per strand and was chosen for experimental campaigns. Various modules of industrial size were manufactured and tested. An automated pilot was used in order to carry out tests at large scale filtration, initially under controlled conditions, then on two in-situ campaigns. The modules have not shown any premature ageing, though influence of hydrodynamics seems less important than that obtained under limiting conditions
Laaroussi, Awatef. "Fabrication de biocathodes flexibles pour biopiles enzymatiques implantables par procédés d’impression". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI014/document.
Testo completoEnzymatic Biofuel Cells, capable of converting efficiently the glucose from extracellular fluid into electrical energy, are a power source for implantable devices. However, the power output generated by these cells is not sufficient to fulfill the energy required by implantable artificial organs. Therefore, a new packaging architecture design based on flexible materials derived from printing technologies has been explored in order to enhance the power output of this cell. This work demonstrates the relevance of printing processes such as ultrasonic spray and gravure to develop homogeneous, thin and flexible biocathodes. During this work, a carbon nanotubes / surfactant suspensions were deposited on a hydrophobic flexible substrate (carbon paper). Despite the poor printability of the substrate, flexible active layers were obtained (thickness between 5 and 10 µm). Finally, a non-covalent immobilization of laccases (via adamantane pyrene) was tested and a catalytic current of approximately 130 µA.cm-2 was obtained. mA.cm-2 was obtained
Cadiou, Stephen. "Modélisation magnéto-thermohydraulique de procédés de fabrication additive arc-fil (WAAM)". Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS544.
Testo completoOne of the obstacles to the development of additive manufacturing processes is the quality of the built parts. Some defects, such as porosity, deformations or cracks, may appear. These defects depend strongly on the choice of operating parameters. Numerical modelling can therefore help to understand how these operating parameters control the final geometry, and the thermal cycles experienced by the material, which impact the microstructure, the deformations and residual stresses of the final part. In this thesis, several numerical models have been developped in order to better understand the final characteristics of the part. The first one concerns a 2D axial-symmetric model of arc to deal with a static TIG process. The Maxwell equations coupled with the mass, momentum, energy equations are solved in the plasma and the melt pool. Using this reference case, the arc model has been validated. This model has been made more complex by adding a level set method to track the gas-liquid interface present in pulsed MIG process in 2D axial-symmetric geometry. This model has been validated through experimental data and then extended to a 3D geometry to simulate the build-up of a wall using a CMT process. This multiphysics model was limited to the scale of the melt pool. A second 3D model was then proposed at the scale of the wall using a purely thermal model to simulate the multi-layer process with geometry prediction
Belhadj, Ahmed. "Procédés de fabrication, microstructure et propriétés supraconductrices des alliages Nb-Ti". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-265.pdf.
Testo completoIssa, Mazen. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des procédés de fabrication sous conditions extrêmes". Troyes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TROY0004.
Testo completoThis thesis proposes a methodology for numerical modelling and numerical optimization of high speed manufacturing processes. This numerical methodology is based on a thermo-elasto-visco-plastic model with mixed hardening (kinematic and isotropic) and different levels of coupling effects of damage and thermal softening. For this study, we investigated the sensitivity of coulomb friction coefficient on the thermomechanical behaviour. A dynamic explicit resolution scheme has been chosen to solve the equilibrium problem and an implicit integration scheme is used to solve the local behaviour model. To overcome the mesh distortions problems and simulate the propagation of cracks, a numerical methodology based on steps of remeshing is proposed. Different error estimators are used to adjust the size of the elements according to various thermomechanical gradients (cumulative plastic deformation, damage, plastic dissipation) to enhance the effects of localization and evolution of various shear bands. This methodology is studied and validated on various simple examples and on the case of high speeds industrial process simulation
Jeulin, Maël. "Procédés de fabrication par enlèvement de matière à faible impact environnemental". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0318.
Testo completoThe characterization of manufacturing processes is a central research theme, not least because it is supported by industry. Numerous performance criteria have been developed over the years, particularly those relating to the quality of manufactured parts. In the context of decarbonization and sustainability of manufacturing processes, this research focuses on the study and optimization of the environmental performance of material removal machining processes. This represents a new approach to manufacturing, oriented towards major societal issues. The work carried out has led to the development of a modeling methodology enabling multi-indicator assessment of the environmental impact of machining. Experimental studies of these processes have yielded sufficient data to characterize the most significant potential impacts. Using a predefined experimental set-up, a comparison was made between experimental data and modelling. The results showed that the consumption models used were highly accurate. Finally, based on the modeling results, a decision support algorithm for manufacturing parameters was developed for simple machining operations, with application to a 3-axis milling part
CANCES, CECILE. "Amelioration des performances d'un procede de fabrication de diodes". Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30122.
Testo completoDoubenskaia, Maria. "Contrôle des procédés industriels hautes températures par voie optique". Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET4019.
Testo completoPyrometers developed and manufactured for precise measurements of the brightness temperature under specific conditions of laser action, in combination with the modern methods of reconstitution of the true temperature, are effective instruments for analysing thermal processes in laser applications. Development of a pyrometry system for the real surface temperature measurement, for example, during laser action, involves significant methodological difficulties, which are determined by the process parameters : broad temperature range (300-4000° K), high heating and cooling rates (103-106 Ks-1), small size of the heated zone (0. 8-15 mm), influence of the radiation emitted by the evaporation plume (plasma and matter evaporated at the surface), strong variation of the optical and thermal properties of materials, etc. A set of pyrometers was used to monitor the surface temperature in the processes of laser Nd-YAG welding, pulsed laser action, laser cladding, etc. A good quantitative agreement between the theoretical and experimental results for pulsed laser action is obtained. The above mentioned innovations offered a broad range of application possibilities for multichromatic pyrometry in reconstitution of the true temperature in laser applications. Knowledge of the true temperature represents a great interest from the point of view of the phase transition analysis, for example, melting / solidification ; that is crucial in the case of multi-materials alloys to avoid thermal decomposition of the chemical components
Cocquempot, Vincent. "Surveillance des processus industriels complexes : génération et optimisation des relations de redondance analytiques". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10053.
Testo completoBournez, Carine. "Une architecture multi-agents réflexive pour le contrôle de systèmes de production distribués hétèrogènes". Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAL0040.
Testo completoIn order to control new production organizations composed of autonomous entities, we propose an approach that avoids any structure modeling. Indeed, the study of networked enterprises, particularly from an organizational evolution point of view, shows that dynamic structure is one of their essential in trin sic features. The goal of this work is to define a multi-agent architecture, based on a contract net protocol, for distributed dynamic production systems control. Using an emergentist methodology in its conception goes against sorne preconceived ideas about agents identification with physical entities of the organization. Our architecture allows to integrate different parts of the distributed system thanks to the contract net protocol. A reflexive agent architecture supplements this system. The meta controls the behaviors of the agents of the network, and also their ability to learn. Learning relies on several partial behaviors acquisitions, thus on synchronization between agents at the metalevel. The mechanism is a case-based learning engine, with XML case representation. The multi-agent contract net and the reflexive architecture have been implemented in a simulation framework called OCEAN. It is written in Java language, over the MadKit multi-agent platform. It allows to develop simulations from relatively little refined data about production system entities. For this purpose, we propose a simulation methodology using this framework
Zimmer, Sandra. "Contribution a l’industrialisation du soudage par friction malaxage". Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0035.
Testo completoThe Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process which avoids some problems encountered by fusion welding, like hot cracking or solidification defects. The welding is performed by a rotating tool, inserted into the interface of two rigidly clamped workpieces. The required heat energy is provided by the friction between this tool and the workpieces. The combined tool rotation and translation create the material stirring, joining the workpieces together. The resulting efforts at the interface must be support by the machine and the part-holding device. They are thus a major issue for the choice of the welding equipments. This thesis work consists in implementing a method to qualify means of production for FSW process, by identifying the suitable part of the process windows. This method is threefold. The first point is the identification of the characteristic parameters of FSW process. These one are taken into account in specifications for the choice or the design of a means of production for FSW. The second point of the method is the experimental characterization of the process windows. The mechanical actions on the tool were associated with each combination of the operating parameters of the process windows. This experimental study highlighted the effect of driving parameters on the efforts at the tool/product interface. Lastly, the last point of the method is the validation of the selected means of production for FSW, thanks to the collected experimental data sets. These mean of production is modelled in order to check the capacities of the device, the pin and the parts holder used to carry out the operation of welding. The method of qualification was implemented in the case of multi-axis robot (6 axis). This “low rigid” and “low capacity” structure is very sensitive to the mechanical actions of FSW. The choice of the welding operating parameters leans on the process windows and the limits of the robot, which have been experimentally determined for the plunging and welding stages. It is necessary, for this kind of structure, to qualify its ability to carry out a FSW welding, because its capacities strongly depend on the position of the tool within the workspace
Djebara, Lotfi. "Concept, réalisation et étude d'un matériau composite intégrable au procédé de fabrication des condensateurs de haute performance". Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2010.
Testo completoLes exigences des circuits imposent aux condensateurs au tantale d'avoir de faibles valeurs de résistance série équivalente (RSE). Ce travail vise à remplacer le MnO2, matériau peu conducteur utilisé comme cathode par un polymère suffisamment stable et dopé. D'abord, nous avons mis en évidence le rôle du recuit dans la stabilisation du Ta2O5 et le rôle des éléments chimiques incorporés dans le renforcement de sa rigidité diélectrique. Nous avons montré que la stabilité et la bonne conductivité électrique du polymère PEDT conviennent à son utilisation comme cathode. Durant la réalisation des condensateurs, nous avons testé les procédés pour optimiser le remplissage des anodes de tantale avec la solution polymère. Finalement, les tests électriques montrent une capacité stable sur une large gamme de fréquence et des valeurs de RSE inférieurs à celles des condensateurs conventionnels. Les paramètres électriques restent stables pendant 1000 h ce qui assure la validité de nos résultats
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji. "Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037.
Testo completoIn this thesis, two coupling methods are proposed for the multiscale simulation of forming processes. In the first part, a simplified procedure (indirect coupling) is adopted to couple the finite element codes (Abaqus and LAM3) with a polycrystalline selfconsistent model based on the large strain elastoplastic behavior of single crystals. This simplified procedure consists in linking the polycrystalline model with the FE analysis by extracting the history of the increment of macroscopic strain and stress, obtained from a preliminary FE simulation with a phenomenological law, and then using it as loading path prescribed to the polycrystalline model. This method is applied to multiscale simulation of skin-pass processes. By following on the loading path extracted at the halfthickness of the sheet, we can predict the evolution of some physical parameters associated with the plasticity model, in particular the crystallographic texture, the morphological texture and hardening. In the second part on this thesis, a small strain version of the elastoplastic polycristalline self-consistent model is coupled to the Abaqus FE code via the user material subroutine UMAT. This coupling (called direct coupling) consists in using crystal plasticity theory as constitutive law at each integration point of the FE mesh. The polycristal is represented by a set of N single crystals. Each time the FE code needs information on the mechanical behavior at the integration points considered, the full polycrystalline constitutive model is called. In order to validate this coupling, simulations of simple mechanical tests have been conducted. The results of this coupling have been validated through comparison with reference models. Unlike phenomenological models, this coupling provides not only information on the overall macroscopic response of the structure, but also important information related to its microstructure
Zaman, Uzair khaleeq uz. "Intégration Produit-Process appliquée à la sélection de procédés de Fabrication Additive". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0006/document.
Testo completoThe doctoral research focuses to build an integrated approach that can simultaneously handle the product and process parameters related to additive manufacturing (AM). Since, market dynamics of today are constantly evolving, drivers such as mass customization strategies, shorter product development cycles, a large pool of materials to choose from, abundant manufacturing processes, etc., have made it essential to choose the right compromise of materials, manufacturing processes and associated machines in early stages of design considering the Design for AM guidelines. As several criteria, material attributes and process functionality requirements are involved for decision making in the industries, the thesis introduces a generic decision methodology, based on multi-criteria decision-making tools, that can not only provide a set of compromised AM materials, processes and machines but will also act as a guideline for designers to achieve a strong foothold in the AM industry by providing practical solutions containing design oriented and feasible material-machine combinations from a database of 38 renowned AM vendors in the world today
Zhang, Ying. "Maîtrise statistique des procédés avec paramètres estimés". Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDN0018.
Testo completoStatistical Process Control (SPC) is an effective approach for improving quality and productivity of aproduction process. Among the SPC tools, control chart, as themost important and primary tool, has been widely used to monitor and determine whether a production process is in-control or not. An indispensable assumption for the development of control charts is that the process parameters (the in-control mean and standard-deviation) are assumed known. In practice, the distribution of the data and the process parameters are rarely known, and the process parameters are usually estimated from an in-control historical data set (Phase I). When these parameters are estimated, the performance of the control charts differs from the known parameters case. Recently, some authors have studied the impact of the parameters estimation, but more work is needed. In this thesis, we will investigate the properties (in terms of theRun Length) of some control charts for the mean inthe case of estimated parameters,which have not been researched till now, such as Run Rules Chart, Synthetic Chart, VSI Chart and VSS Chart. The first goal of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of these control charts when the process parameters are estimated, to compare them with the case when the process parameters are assumed known and to demonstrate that the performance is quite different especially when the number of samples used during the Phase I is small. The second goal of this thesis is to suggest the sample sizes and to provide new optimal chart constants for calculating the limits of these control charts in the case of estimated parameters, which are very useful in practice
Decock, Jérémy. "Approches micro/milli-fluidiques pour l'étude in situ de procédés de filtration frontale". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0788.
Testo completoThis work deals with the technological development of miniaturized micro- (10 µm) and milli- (1 mm) fluidic tools for in-situ investigations of frontal filtration processes, in collaboration with Solvay. The tools that we developed, make it possible to monitor visually the formation of the filter cake, operating at constant-pressure or constant-flow rate filtration, on various colloidal suspensions, and up to trans-membrane pressures of 7 bars.We performed a millifluidic study of the filtration of industrial silica colloidal dispersions (Solvay, Silica), and we evidenced the growth of compressible cakes. We correlated these data to the pressure signals obtained at imposed flow rates. The comparison with theoretical predictions given by the classical laws of cake filtration theory, shows that such conventional models cannot reproduce the observed behaviors.The second part of this thesis reports the development of high pressure-resistive (several bars) microfluidic tools integrating nano-porous hydrogel-based membranes. These membranes are fabricated in situ by photo-polymerization of aqueous formulations containing PEG-diacrylates and porogen agents. We reported precise characterizations of their permeability in function of several parameters (formulation, exposure time, geometry). The same membranes were used to monitor frontal filtration of nanoparticles at the microfluidic scale, and thus to quantitatively estimate the permeability of the formed cakes