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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Prevalence"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 novembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Prevalence"

Ott, William, e James A. Yorke. "Prevalence". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 42, n. 03 (30 marzo 2005): 263–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-05-01060-8.

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Rees, John. "Prevalence". BMJ 331, n. 7514 (18 agosto 2005): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7514.443.

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&NA;. "PREVALENCE". Nursing 19, n. 4 (aprile 1989): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-198904000-00015.

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Stromberg, U. "Prevalence odds ratio v prevalence ratio." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 51, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1994): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.51.2.143.

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Kirk, Sara FL, e Melanie McLeod. "The prevalences of overweight and obesity in children aged 4 to 12 years in Gibraltar". Public Health Nutrition 6, n. 4 (giugno 2003): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2002440.

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AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalences of overweight and obesity in children aged 4 to 12 years, using the standard definitions proposed by the International Obesity Taskforce.Design:Population prevalence cross-sectional survey involving measurement of height and weight. Data collection took place in 1998.Setting:Schools in Gibraltar.Subjects:In total 2994 children, aged 4–12 years, attending these schools (1540 boys, 1454 girls).Results:Prevalence of overweight in boys was 19.7%, while obesity prevalence was 10.8%. For the girls, overweight prevalence was 21.4%, while obesity prevalence was 10.6%. There were no significant differences in the proportions of overweight or obesity between boys and girls.Conclusions:This was the first time that the prevalences of overweight and obesity have been estimated in children from Gibraltar. These data provide further information on prevalence rates of overweight and obesity, using defined cut-offs for comparison with data from other countries.

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DOLGOPYAT, DMITRY. "Prevalence of rapid mixing—II: topological prevalence". Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 20, n. 4 (agosto 2000): 1045–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700000572.

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We continue the study of mixing properties of generic hyperbolic flows started in an earlier paper (D. Dolgopyat. Prevalence of rapid mixing in hyperbolic flows. Erg. Th.& Dyn. Sys.18 (1998), 1097–1114). Our main result is that generic suspension flow over subshifts of finite type is exponentially mixing. This is a quantitative version of an earlier result of Parry and Pollicott (W. Parry and M. Pollicott. Stability of mixing for toral extensions of hyperbolic systems. Proc. Steklov Inst.216 (1997), 354–363).

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Mesnard, Alice, e Paul Seabright. "MIGRATION AND THE EQUILIBRIUM PREVALENCE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES". Journal of Demographic Economics 82, n. 1 (29 febbraio 2016): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2015.12.

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Abstract:This paper models how migration both influences and responds to differences in disease prevalence between cities and shows how the possibility of migration away from high-prevalence areas affects long-run steady state disease prevalence. We develop a dynamic framework where migration responds to the prevalence of disease, to the costs of migration and to the costs of living. The model explores how pressure for migration in response to differing equilibrium levels of disease prevalence generates differences in city characteristics such as land rents. Competition for scarce housing in low-prevalence areas can create segregation, with disease concentrated in high-prevalence “sinks”. We show that policies affecting migration costs affect the steady-state disease prevalences across cities. In particular, migration can reduce steady-state disease incidence in low-prevalence areas while having no impact on prevalence in high-prevalence areas. This suggests that, in some circumstances, public health measures may need to avoid discouraging migration away from high-disease areas.

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Ngwira, Alfred, Francisco Chamera e Matrina Mpeketula Soko. "Estimating the national and regional prevalence of drinking or eating more than usual during childhood diarrhea in Malawi using the bivariate sample selection copula regression". PeerJ 9 (1 marzo 2021): e10917. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10917.

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Background Estimation of prevalence of feeding practices during diarrhea using conventional imputation methods may be biased as these methods apply to observed factors and in this study, feeding practice status was unobserved for those without diarrhea. The study aimed at re-estimating the prevalence of feeding practices using the bivariate sample selection model. Methods The study used 2015–2016 Malawi demographic health survey (MDHS) data which had 16,246 children records who had diarrhea or not. A bivariate Joe copula regression model with 90 degrees rotation was fitted to either drinking or eating more, with diarrhea as a sample selection outcome in the bivariate models. The prevalence of drinking more than usual and prevalence of eating more than usual were then estimated based on the fitted bivariate model. These prevalences were then compared to the prevalences estimated using the conventional imputation method. Results There was a substantial increase in the re-estimated national prevalence of drinking more fluids (40.0%, 95% CI [31.7–50.5]) or prevalence of eating more food (20.46%, 95% CI [9.87–38.55]) using the bivariate model as compared to the prevalences estimated by the conventional imputation method, that is, (28.9%, 95% CI [27.0–30.7]) and (13.1%, 95% CI [12.0–15.0]) respectively. The maps of the regional prevalences showed similar results where the prevalences estimated by the bivariate model were relatively higher than those estimated by the standard imputation method. The presence of diarrhea was somehow weakly negatively correlated with either drinking more fluids or eating more food. Conclusion The estimation of prevalence of drinking more fluids or eating more food during diarrhea should use bivariate modelling to model sample selection variable so as to minimize bias. The observed negative correlation between diarrhea presence and feeding practices implies that mothers should be encouraged to let their children drink more fluids or eat more food during diarrhea episode to avoid dehydration and malnutrition.

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MEIJS, A. P., J. A. FERREIRA, S. C. DE GREEFF, M. C. VOS e M. B. G. KOEK. "Incidence of surgical site infections cannot be derived reliably from point prevalence survey data in Dutch hospitals". Epidemiology and Infection 145, n. 5 (9 gennaio 2017): 970–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816003162.

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SUMMARYThorough studies on whether point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) can be used to reliably estimate incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) are scarce. We examined this topic using surveillance data of 58 hospitals that participated in two Dutch national surveillances; HAI prevalence and SSI incidence surveillance, respectively. First, we simulated daily prevalences of SSIs from incidence data. Subsequently, Rhame & Sudderth's formula was used to estimate SSI incidence from prevalence. Finally, we developed random-effects models to predict SSI incidence from prevalence and other relevant variables. The prevalences simulated from incidence data indicated that daily prevalence varied greatly. Incidences calculated with Rhame & Sudderth's formula often had values below zero, due to the large number of SSIs occurring post-discharge. Excluding these SSIs, still resulted in poor correlation between calculated and observed incidence. The two models best predicting total incidence and incidence during initial hospital stay both performed poorly (proportion of explained variance of 0·25 and 0·10, respectively). In conclusion, incidence of SSIs cannot be reliably estimated from point prevalence data in Dutch hospitals by any of the applied methods. We therefore conclude that prevalence surveys are not a useful measure to give reliable insight into incidence of SSIs.

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Yuan, Xuelian, Jun Zhu, Hanmin Liu, Liangcheng Xiang, Yongna Yao, Qi Li, Kui Deng e Xiaohong Li. "Birth prevalence of tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in China: data from the national newborn screening program, 2013–2019". Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 34, n. 7 (12 aprile 2021): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2021-0077.

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Abstract Background Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4D), a less common form of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), can lead to severe developmental retardation if untreated. Little has been reported on the prevalence of BH4D among live births worldwide. This study examined its prevalence across China and between geographical areas within the country. Methods We analyzed data from the Chinese national screening program for HPA in newborns between 2013 and 2019. BH4D prevalence was examined by province, region and the entire country. Provincial-level prevalence was estimated from the number of confirmed BH4D cases and screened newborns, after adjusting for HPA-positive recall rate. Regional- and national-level prevalences were estimated by summing provincial-level prevalences after weighting them by the number of live births. A Poisson distribution was assumed in order to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prevalence. Results Among 107,078,115 newborns screened for HPA in China, 380 with BH4D were identified, corresponding to a total prevalence of 3.8 per 1,000,000 live births. Prevalence was higher in eastern regions (5.9 per 1,000,000) and northern regions (4.1 per 1,000,000) of China than in southern regions (1.6 per 1,000,000) or northwestern regions (1.7 per 1,000,000). Across the entire country, 3.9% cases of HPA were diagnosed as BH4D, and this proportion reached as high as 15.1% in the southern part of the country. Conclusions These first insights into BH4D prevalence across China suggest slightly higher prevalence than in other countries, and it varies substantially by region. More attention should be paid to early diagnosis and timely treatment of BH4D.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Prevalence"

Acevedo, Díaz Juan Manuel. "“Prevalencia de Hidatidosis en ovinos beneficiados en el Centro de Faenamiento FRILISAC (Camal de Yerbateros de Lima) entre los años 2012-2015”". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2016. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/843.

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El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la prevalencia de Hidatidosis ovina en el centro de Faenamiento FRILISAC (Camal de Yerbateros de Lima) durante los años 2012-2015 y como objetivos específicos determinar la prevalencia mensual y la prevalencia según procedencia, así como las pérdidas económicas producidas. El trabajo consistió en una investigación cuantitativa con diseño Retrospectivo, Descriptivo y Analítico. El material de estudio consistió en el análisis de las fichas de registro de beneficio mensual según especie, sexo y procedencia y del consolidado mensual de decomiso de órganos según especie. Se evaluó un total de 344073 ovinos, de ambos sexos y edades, procedentes de los departamentos de Lima, Ayacucho, Ica y Arequipa, registrados en fichas correspondientes a los años 2012-2015. La prevalencia total de Hidatidosis ovina obtenida durante los cuatro años de estudio fue de 0,32%. Los meses donde más se presentó la Hidatidosis ovina marzo, abril, mayo y diciembre. El departamento donde se obtuvo la mayor tasa de prevalencia fue el departamento de Ayacucho seguido por Lima e Ica donde se obtuvieron prevalencias más bajas, en el departamento de Arequipa no se obtuvo prevalencia alguna durante los años de estudio. El órgano más parasitado fue el pulmón. La pérdida económica total por el decomiso de órganos durante los cuatro años fue de US$ 1, 541,42 dólares. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que probablemente se están realizando programas de control por parte de los ganaderos para evitar que sus animales contraigan el parásito, por lo cual existiría un riesgo menor para la salud animal y humana en los departamentos evaluados.The present work had as main objective to determine the prevalence of ovine Hidatidosis in the center of Slaughtering FRILISAC (slaughterhouse of Herbalists of Lima) during 2012-2015 and as specific objectives to determine the monthly prevalence and provenance prevalence, as well as economic losses produced. The work consisted in a quantitative research with retrospective, descriptive and analytical design. The study material consisted of monthly benefit record sheets according to species, sex and origin and monthly consolidated of organ confiscation by species. Was evaluated A total of 344,073 sheep, of both sexes and ages, from the departments of Lima, Ayacucho, Ica and Arequipa, registered in record sheets corresponding to the years 2012 to 2015. The overall prevalence of ovine Hidatidosis obtained during the four years of study was 0.32%. The months that presented the highest prevalences of ovine Hidatidosis were march, april, may and december. The department where the highest rates of prevalence were obtained was Ayacucho followed by Lima and Ica where the lowest prevalences were obtained, in the department of Arequipa was obtained any prevalence during the study. The most parasitized organ was the lung. The total economic losess for the confiscation of organs during the four years was US $ 1, 541.42 dollars. The obtained results demonstrate that there is a probably control by farmers to keep their animals from contracting the parasite, so there is a low risk for animal and human health in the departments of ovine tested.

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Murillo, Picco Diana Andrea. "Epidemiological and clinicopathological study of Leptospira spp. infection in cats in Spain (Catalonia and Extremadura)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670695.

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La leptospirosi és una zoonosi re-emergent, causada per un bacteri del gènere Leptospira. És la zoonosi bacteriana més estesa a tot el món. El seu principal reservori són els mamífers, inclosos els gats domèstics. Sol propagar-se a través de terres i aigües contaminades. Un animal infectat pot desenvolupar un estat agut de la malaltia o esdevenir un reservori. Les investigacions realitzades durant els últims 8 anys han estudiat el gat com a reservori de la infecció. Actualment, no hi ha dades sobre l’epidemiologia de la infecció en gats a Espanya i és possible que la prevalença variï segons la ubicació geogràfica, tal com s’ha publicat a nivell mundial. La major part de les dades clínic-patològiques publicades relacionades amb la leptospirosi en gats provenen d’infeccions agudes o experimentals. No obstant això, la informació en l’espècie és escassa en els casos de portadors renals crònics. Les diferències en els paràmetres clínic-patològics entre animals infectats de forma natural i no infectats, podrien ajudar als clínics en el reconeixement i diagnòstic de portadors renals crònics de leptospires en gats. L’objectiu general d’aquesta tesi va ser proporcionar un coneixement més ampli sobre la infecció per leptospires en gats, per mitjà dels següents objectius específics: 1. Avaluar la presència d’anticossos contra espècies patògenes de Leptospira i determinar la presència d’ADN en l’orina i la sang, en gats de vida lliure de dues àrees geogràfiques diferents d’Espanya. 2. Determinar les diferències en els paràmetres hematològics, bioquímics i de l’urianàlisi, entre gats infectats de forma natural i gats lliures de la infecció. 3. Valorar les variables de la resposta inflamatòria i de l’estat antioxidant en gats infectats de forma natural i gats lliures de la infecció. Es van realitzar tres estudis. En el primer, vam determinar la prevalença d’anticossos, la presència d’ADN de Leptospira spp. patògena en sang i orina en gats de vida lliure de dues regions geogràfiques d’Espanya. Es van detectar anticossos en 10/244 gats (4,1%). El serovar trobat amb més freqüència va ser Cynopteri. Mostres de sang de 1/89 gats (1,12%) i mostres d’orina de 4/232 (1,72%) gats, van amplificar per la presència d’ADN leptospiral. En conclusió, els gats de vida lliure a Espanya poden eliminar en la seva orina ADN de leptospires patògenes i ser una possible font per a la infecció humana. En el segon estudi, es van avaluar les diferències en l’hematologia, el perfil bioquímic i els paràmetres urinaris entre els gats infectats de forma natural per leptospires patògenes i els lliures de la infecció. Els gats infectats de forma natural van tenir valors més baixos d’eritròcits, hemoglobina, albúmina, creatinina i urea, comparats amb els gats lliures de la infecció. Els gats positius que van amplificar l’ADN de Leptospira spp. (orina o sang) van tenir un risc més gran de desenvolupar anèmia no regenerativa mentre que en els gats seropositius era més probable que es produís proteïnúria. La infecció crònica i l’exposició a leptospires porta a anormalitats hematològiques i a alteracions lleugeres en el perfil bioquímic i el urianàlisi. En el tercer estudi mitjançant una anàlisi de components principals (ACP) es van avaluar les proteïnes inflamatòries (PFA) i la capacitat antioxidant total (CAT) per obtenir un major coneixement sobre el curs de la malaltia en gats. El nostre treball va concloure que els gats infectats per l’ADN de Leptospira spp. van tenir una resposta inflamatòria de fase aguda, a diferència dels gats seropositius. A més, hi va haver un augment en les concentracions sèriques de la CAT que indiquen una resposta antioxidant en aquesta infecció, la qual és proporcional al títol d’anticossos i no a la presència d’ADN bacterià.
La leptospirosis es una zoonosis re-emergente, causada por una bacteria del género Leptospira. Es la zoonosis bacteriana más extendida en todo el mundo. Su principal reservorio son los mamíferos, incluidos gatos domésticos. Suele propagarse a través de suelos y aguas contaminadas. Un animal infectado puede desarrollar un estado agudo de la enfermedad o convertirse en un reservorio. Las investigaciones realizadas durante los últimos 8 años han estudiado al gato como reservorio de la infección. Actualmente, no existen datos sobre la epidemiología de la infección en gatos en España y es posible que la prevalencia varíe según la ubicación geográfica, tal y como se ha publicado a nivel mundial. La mayor parte de los datos clínico-patológicos publicados relacionados con la leptospirosis en gatos, provienen de infecciones agudas o experimentales. Sin embargo, la información en la especie es escasa en el caso del estado de portador renal crónico. Las diferencias en los parámetros clínico-patológicos entre animales infectados de forma natural y no infectados, puedan ayudar a los clínicos en el reconocimiento y diagnóstico de portadores renales crónicos de leptospiras en gatos. El objetivo general de esta tesis fue proporcionar un conocimiento más amplio sobre la infección por leptospiras en gatos, por medio de los siguientes objetivos específicos: 1. Evaluar la presencia de anticuerpos frente a especies patógenas de Leptospira y determinar la presencia de ADN en la orina y la sangre, en gatos de vida libre de dos áreas geográficas diferentes de España. 2. Determinar las diferencias en los parámetros hematológicos, bioquímicos y del uroanálisis, entre gatos infectados de forma natural y gatos libres de la infección. 3. Valorar las variables de la respuesta inflamatoria y del estado antioxidante en gatos infectados de forma natural y gatos libres de la infección. Se realizaron tres estudios. En el primero, determinamos la prevalencia de anticuerpos, la presencia de ADN de Leptospira spp. patógenas en sangre y orina, en gatos de vida libre en dos regiones geográficas de España. Se detectaron anticuerpos en 10/244 gatos (4,1%). El serovar encontrado con más frecuencia fue Cynopteri. Muestras de sangre de 1/89 gatos (1,12%) y muestras de orina de 4/232 (1,72%) gatos, amplificaron para la presencia de ADN leptospiral. En conclusión, los gatos de vida libre en España pueden eliminar en su orina, ADN de leptospiras patógenas y ser una posible fuente para la infección humana. En el segundo estudio, se evaluaron las diferencias en la hematología, el perfil bioquímico y los parámetros urinarios, entre los gatos infectados por leptospiras patógenas de forma natural y los libres de la infección. Los gatos infectados de forma natural tuvieron valores más bajos de eritrocitos, hemoglobina, albúmina, creatinina y urea, comparados con los gatos libres de la infección. Los gatos positivos que amplificaron el ADN de Leptospira spp. (orina o sangre), tuvieron un riesgo mayor de desarrollar anemia no regenerativa, mientras que, en los gatos seropositivos era más probable que se produjera proteinuria. La infección crónica y la exposición a leptospiras conduce a anormalidades hematológicas y a alteraciones ligeras en el perfil bioquímico y el uroanálisis. En el tercer estudio se evaluaron a través de un Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP), las proteínas inflamatorias (PFA) y la capacidad antioxidante total (CAT) para obtener un mayor conocimiento sobre el curso de la enfermedad en los gatos. Nuestro trabajo concluyó que los gatos infectados por el ADN de Leptospira spp. tuvieron una respuesta inflamatoria de fase aguda, a diferencia de los gatos seropositivos. Además, hubo un aumento en las concentraciones séricas de la CAT, que indican una respuesta antioxidante en esta infección, la cual es proporcional al título de anticuerpos y no a la presencia de ADN bacteriano.
Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonosis, caused by a bacterium of the genus Leptospira. It is the most widespread bacterial zoonosis worldwide. Its main reservoir are mammals, including domestic cats. It is usually spread through contaminated soil and water. An infected animal may develop an acute state of the disease or become a reservoir. Research carried out during the last 8 years, has studied the cat as a reservoir of the infection. Currently, there are no data on the epidemiology of the infection in cats in Spain and prevalence may vary depending on the geographical location, as it has been published worldwide. Most of the clinicopathological data published associated with leptospirosis in cats are from acute or experimental infections. Nevertheless, the information in the species is very scarce in case of the chronic renal carrier state. The differences in clinicopathological parameters between naturally infected and leptospires-free animals may assist clinicians in the recognition and diagnosis of chronic renal carrier state of leptospires in cats. The general goal of this thesis was to provide more extensive knowledge about leptospires infection in cats, through the following specific objectives: 1. To evaluate the presence of antibodies against pathogenic Leptospira species and to determine the presence of DNA in urine and blood in free-roaming cats from two different geographical areas in Spain. 2. To determine differences in haematology, biochemical profile and urinary parameters between naturally infected cats and leptospires-free cats. 3. To assess the variables of the inflammatory response and antioxidant state in naturally infected cats and leptospires-free cats. Three studies were carried out. In the first one, we determined antibodies prevalence, blood DNA, and shedding of DNA from pathogenic Leptospira species in the urine of free-roaming cats, in two geographical regions in Spain. Antibodies were detected in 10/244 cats (4.1%). The most common serovar detected was Cynopteri. Blood samples from 1/89 cats (1.12%) and urine samples from 4/232 cats amplified for leptospiral DNA (1.72%). In conclusion, free-roaming cats in Spain can shed pathogenic Leptospira spp. DNA in their urine and may be a source of human infection. In the second study, the differences in haematology, biochemical profile and urinary parameters between naturally infected by pathogenic leptospires and leptospires-free were studied. Cats naturally infected had lower values of RBC, haemoglobin, albumin, creatinine and urea compared to leptospires-free cats. Positive Leptospira spp. DNA amplification cats were at high risk for the development of non-regenerative, whereas, seropositive cats were more likely to have proteinuria. Chronic infection and exposure to leptospires lead to haematological abnormalities and slight alterations in the biochemical profile and urinalysis. The third study evaluated the inflammatory proteins (APPs) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) to gain knowledge about the course of the disease in cats, through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our work concludes that Leptospira spp. DNA infected cats had an acute phase response, unlike, to seropositive cats. Besides, there was an increase in TAC serum concentrations indicating an antioxidant response in the infection, which is proportional to the antibody titre and not to the presence of bacterial DNA.

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Murray, Damian. "Disease prevalence and conformity". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12355.

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The fitness costs and benefits of conforming to ones ingroup vary depending upon the dangers inherent in the immediate environment. In threatening environments, conformity is likely to be more beneficial than it is in less threatening environments. One specific threat that has had a profound selective influence on humans is infectious disease. Therefore, it was predicted that cultures inhabiting regions where risk of disease transmission is high would have more conformist orientations. Across four divergent measures of conformity, this was shown to be the case. Laboratory manipulations of disease, however, did not change levels of conformity. In two laboratory studies in which participants made judgments about either physical quantities (such as weight or volume) or about subjective liking for abstract art, participants did not conform more to normative information when disease was made salient compared to control conditions. Implications are discussed.

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Steele, Jonathan. "Prevalence of Down's Syndrome". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280041.

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Arróspide, Nancy, Óscar Reyna, Drogob Juan José Montenegro, Miriam Palominoa, Jorge Lucero, Pablo Villaseca, Walter León, Pedro Valenciaa e Percy Mayta-Tristan. "Prevalencia y factores asociados con la filariosis por Mansonella ozzardi en 2 comunidades periurbanas de Iquitos, 2009". Elsevier B.V, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/552949.

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Introduction Three cases of M. ozzardi infection from 2 suburban communities in Iquitos, Peru, led to a suspicion of local transmission. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of filariasis by M. ozzardi and its associated factors among these communities. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed, as well as an epidemiological survey and a thick smear blood test. Larvae and mosquitoes were collected. The adjusted OR (aOR) using multiple logistic regression was calculated. Results A total of 433 participants were enrolled; 58% were women. The prevalence of M. ozzardi was 1.4% and the associated factors included being a fisherman (aOR: 8.7; 95%CI: 1.1–76.0) and being on the Alto Nanay river (aOR: 11.2; 95%CI: 1.2–112.5). No significant evidence of simulidos or culicoides was found. Conclusion The low prevalence of M. ozzardi found suggests a foreign infection, probably derived from the Alto Nanay river.
narrospide@ins.gob.pe
Introducción Tres casos de infección por Mansonella ozzardi (M. ozzardi) en muestras de malaria que provenían de 2 comunidades periurbanas de Iquitos (Perú) dieron la sospecha de transmisión local. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados con la filariosis por M. ozzardi en estas comunidades. Materiales y métodos Se realizó un estudio transversal en las comunidades de Laguna Azul y La Unión en Iquitos. A todos los pobladores se les tomó una gota gruesa para la detección de M. ozzardi y se les realizó una encuesta epidemiológica. Se realizó colecta de larvas y mosquitos para identificación de potenciales vectores. Se calcularon los OR ajustados (ORa) usando regresión logística múltiple. Resultados Se evaluaron a 433 personas; 58% fueron mujeres; la mediana de edad fue de 20 años; 58,2% fueron migrantes, 3,7% pescadores y 12,9% habían viajado por las cuencas del Alto Nanay. La prevalencia de M. ozzardi fue de 1,4% (6/433) y el más joven de los casos tuvo 31 años; se encontró asociación con ser pescador (ORa: 8,7; IC 95: 1,1-76,0) y con haber realizado viajes por la cuenca del Alto Nanay (ORa: 11,2; IC 95: 1,2-112,5). No se evidenció densidad significativa de vectores simúlidos o culicoides. Conclusión Las comunidades estudiadas tuvieron una baja prevalencia de M. ozzardi y por la edad de los casos y los factores asociados encontrados se sospecha infección foránea a la zona de estudio, en especial en la cuenca del Alto Nanay.

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Shi, Hongjian. "Measure-theoretic notions of prevalence". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq24355.pdf.

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Halawani, Saeed H. M. "Aspirin resistance : prevalence and mechanism". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165200.

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Aspirin is the most commonly used antiplatelet drug in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Many patients experience thromboembolic events despite daily aspirin therapy. On the basis of clinical and laboratory findings, an issue of concern has emerged, frequently referred to as “aspirin resistance”. The aim of this thesis was to establish the prevalence of laboratory aspirin resistance in patient populations and to elucidate the reasons for aspirin failure. The thesis comprises two independent studies in which I assessed a range of clinical and laboratory measures in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and patients with acute ischaemic stroke. The effect of in-hospital aspirin administration on platelet response was determined in acute stroke patients. Laboratory tests for platelet and aspirin response were compared with the current gold standard assay of optical platelet aggregometry with arachidonic acid. A cut-off value for definition of incomplete response to aspirin was determined. The current literature is reviewed and discussed. Incomplete aspirin response was found in 18% of aspirin-treated patients with PAD. There were no significant differences in any of the measured markers nor in clinical parameters between responders and incomplete responders. The prevalence of incomplete aspirin response in acute ischaemic stroke or TIA was 43%. However, after observed aspirin administration in hospital, this percentage decreased to 29%, suggesting incomplete compliance in some patients. On admission, platelets from patients with incomplete response were significantly more sensitive to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) when compared with those from responders. There were no other differences that characterised the incomplete responders to aspirin. The data support the growing body of opinion that true biochemical resistance to aspirin is uncommon. Incomplete adherence to therapy was found to be a major cause of incomplete response to aspirin and therefore amenable to intervention. The problem remains of which laboratory methods should be employed as no single test has emerged as clinically informative.

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Gatling, W. "The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373494.

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Rivera, Virgüez Myriam Liliana. "Logistics clusters : prevalence and impact". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90162.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-129).
Governments around the world are investing significant resources in the development and expansion of logistics clusters. This dissertation analyzes the cluster phenomenon focusing on four topics. First, it develops a methodology to identify clusters and applies it to the context of the US. By analyzing the case of logistics clusters, this thesis contributes to a more general debate in the industrial clusters literature: while many authors see industrial clusters growing, others see them dispersing. Evidence of increasing concentration of the logistics industry in clusters in the US over time is tested and documented. In addition, some evidence that logistics activities in counties inside clusters show higher growth than in counties outside clusters is found. Second, this thesis studies the relationship between freight accessibility and logistics employment in the US. It develops an accessibility measure based on a gravity model, focusing on four different modes of transportation: road, rail, air, and maritime. Using a Partial Least Squares model, these four different freight accessibility measures are combined into two constructs, continental and intercontinental freight accessibility, and then analyzed against logistics employment. Results show that highly accessible counties attract more logistics employment than other counties. The analyses also show that it is important to control for the effect of population, since it explains the most variation in the logistics employment across counties. Third, this dissertation also analyzes the benefits of logistics clusters, possibly explaining their continuous growth and wide popularity among both private agents and policy makers during the last decade. Using interview data and grounded theory, four major driving forces that may explain their growing presence are identified: collaboration, value added services, upward mobility and job creation at different levels. Finally, using a quantitative approach this thesis analyzes two major effects of agglomeration on firms located within logistics clusters: more collaboration and the provision of more value added services. Using survey data and structural equation modeling these hypotheses are tested using information from the Zaragoza (Spain) Logistics Cluster. The results show that companies located in logistics clusters do collaborate more and offer more value added services than companies that are not agglomerated.
by Liliana Rivera.
Ph. D.

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Shubitz, Lisa, Christine Butkiewicz e Sharon M. Dial. "Valley Fever Canine Prevalence Study". The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620062.

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381 dogs between 4 and 18 months of age were tested for the presence of antibodies to Coccidioides one time. Dogs were reported as either healthy or sick by the referring veterinarian. Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their dog's risk factors associated with exposure to Coccidioides at the time of sample collection.

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Libri sul tema "Prevalence"

Thompson, James H. J. Global surveillance prevalence. London: James H. J. Thompson, 1993.

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Jagdeo, Tirbani P. Contraceptive prevalence in Grenada. New York: International Planned Parenthood Federation, Western Hemisphere Region, 1987.

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Indonesia. Central Bureau of Statistics., Indonesia. National Family Planning Coordinating Board. e Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Institute for Resource Development., a cura di. National contraceptive prevalence survey. Jakarta: Central Bureau of Statistics, 1989.

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National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (India). Prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, 2003.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Working Group on Myopia Prevalence and Progression. Myopia: Prevalence and progression. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1989.

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Menen, Aubrey. The prevalence of witches. [New Delhi]: Penguin Books India, 1989.

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Bond, M. Pressure sores prevalence survey. [Chesterfield]: Department of Research and Information,North Derbyshire Health Authority, 1992.

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Lenton, Simon. WA amphetamine prevalence indices. Bentley, WA: National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Curtin University of Technology, 1993.

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Byuro, Bangladesh Parisaṃkhyāna, e Bangladesh Health and Demographic Survey., a cura di. Contraceptive prevalence, November, 1995. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistics Division, Ministry of Planning, 1996.

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Bond, M. Pressure sores prevalence survey. [Chesterfield]: Department of Research and Information, North Derbyshire Health Authority, 1991.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Prevalence"

Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner et al. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3046. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3122.

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Lefebvre, Cedric W., Jay P. Babich, James H. Grendell, James H. Grendell, John E. Heffner, Ronan Thibault, Claude Pichard et al. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 1846. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_3264.

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Carroll, Linda. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1737–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_588.

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Carroll, Linda. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1530–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_588.

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Farmer, R., J. Rohde e B. Sacks. "Prevalence". In Changing Services for People with Learning Disabilities, 17–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4527-3_3.

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Lee, Lok-chun Janet, e Ester Cerin. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 5052–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2257.

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Plewig, Gerd, e Albert M. Kligman. "Prevalence". In ACNE and ROSACEA, 27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_2.

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Plewig, Gerd, e Albert M. Kligman. "Prevalence". In ACNE and ROSACEA, 456. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_54.

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Croen, Lisa. "Prevalence". In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2357. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_9.

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Betts, Lucy R. "Prevalence". In Cyberbullying, 55–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50009-0_4.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Prevalence"

Drikker, Alexander. "THE COPIES PREVALENCE". In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/hb61/s7.12.

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Oliveira, Igor Jacomedes de, Cíntia Gonçalves Nogueira, Gabriela Ferreira Paticcié, Leonardo Oliveira Silva, Vívian Maria Gomes de Oliveira, Felipe Henriques Carvalho Soares, Danilo Jorge da Silva, Thiago Cardoso Vale, Leopoldo Antônio Pires e Luiz Paulo Bastos Vasconcelos. "Headache Prevalence in a Specialized Center". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.411.

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Background: Headache is the most frequent neurological complaint in the population and the group of tension-type headaches (TTH) is the most prevalent subtype. Nevertheless, more information about the clinical features of headaches in patients attended at specialized centers are demanded. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data from patients referred to an outpatient specialized headache center from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed and clinical and epidemiological information was collected. This study was authorized by the research ethics committee of the HUUFJF (CAAE 03530818.9.0000.5133). Results: Data from 153 patients were assessed. The mean age of patients was 45,6 years and most cases were women (80,4%). The most frequent diagnosis were migraine (49,7%), TTH (22,8%) and temporomandibular disorders (8,5%). The prevalence of chronic headaches was 46,6%. Analgesic abuse was identified in 32% of participants, with a higher prevalence in women (Fischer’s exact test, P=0,05). Prophylactic treatment was used by 84,3% of the subjects. Pain was self-reported mild in 21,6% of cases, moderate in 30,1% and severe in 47,1%. The pain severity was inversely proportional to age (P=0,012). The most frequent associated symptoms were photophobia (57,5%), phonophobia (56,9%), nausea/ vomiting (47,1%). Conclusions: The findings show important differences in the prevalence of headache cases in specialized centers compared to the general population. Given the high prevalence of analgesic abuse reported, the development of effective educational programs for patients and healthcare providers at primary and secondary health services, might reduce the social burden of chronic headaches and decrease the demand for consultations on specialized headache clinics.

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Lewis, Catherine, Sheena Johnson, Angelique Hartwig, Janet Ubido, Anna Coleman, Nicola Gartland, Chris Armitage, David Fishwick e Martie Van Tongeren. "OP61 Areas of Covid-19 prevalence: drivers of prevalence and mitigating strategies". In Society for Social Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2022-ssmabstracts.60.

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SILVA, SERGIO E. LEMOS DA, LUCAS JULIANO NARCISO DE SOUZA, ALEXANDRA CRISTINA SILVA, ANGéLICA MONTEIRO FERREIRA e VITOR RODRIGUES SILVA. "ANALYSIS OF HEALTH INDICATORS FOR ERLICHIOSIS AND ANAPLASMOSIS FROM RAPID ELISA SEROLOGY AT THE VETERINARY CLINIC". In II South Florida Congress of Development. brazco, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47172/iisfcdv2022.0024.

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The climate of Brazil is predominantly tropical, which favors the high prevalence and incidence of hemoparasitosis such as Erliquiosis and Anaplasmosis. transmitted by ticks, especially the brown tick of the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Thus, considering the seasonality, the Uberlândia region favors the development of ectoparasites, especially the "brown" tick of the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the agent that transmits these diseases. The present article aimed to investigate the prevalence, incidence, morbidity, lethality and mortality caused by Erliquiosis and Anaplasmosis of cases seen in a veterinary clinic in Uberlândia, in the period between May 09 and October 23, 2021. Hemoparasitosis was confirmed in 46.87% of the suspected animals, and Ehrlichia canis was identified in 12 animals (80%), with a prevalence of 2.29%. Anaplasma platys was identified as the pathogen responsible for the disease in 3 animals (20%), with a prevalence of 0.76%. There was no evidence of high mortality rate in positive animals, which may be related to the early diagnosis of the disease. It was possible to conclude that the hemoparasitoses Erliquiosis and Anaplasmosis are diseases that are becoming more prevalent in the clinical routine.

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Zhang, Minghua, Wynne Hsu e Mong Li Lee. "Mining Prevalence-Based Ratio Patterns". In 19th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence(ICTAI 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai.2007.95.

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Willsmore, James, Stephanie Poo, Dominic Wordsworth, Matthew Long e Aruchuna Ruban. "O18 Prevalence of malnutrition screening". In Abstracts of the BSG Annual Meeting, 20–23 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-bsg.18.

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Tashmetov, Xurshidbek, Naima Ubaydullaeva e Gulchekhra Tashmetova. "Prevalence of smoking in adolescents." In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.pa999.

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Muylaert, Ward, e Coen De Roover. "Prevalence of Botched Code Integrations". In 2017 IEEE/ACM 14th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msr.2017.40.

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Albu-Shamah, Ahmad, e Justin Zhan. "Towards Obesity Causes, Prevalence and Prevention". In 2013 International Conference on Social Computing (SocialCom). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/socialcom.2013.128.

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Elewa, Hazem, Zainab Omer Ali e Loulia Bader. "CYP2C19 Genetic Polymorphism Prevalence in Qataris". In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.hbpd660.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Prevalence"

MOSKALENKO, O. L., R. A. YASKEVICH e E. V. KASPAROV. METABOLIC SYNDROME: PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSIS CRITERIA. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, aprile 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/978-0-615-67340-0-3.

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This article presents a review of the literature and analyzes scientific research on the metabolic syndrome and diagnostic criteria. The authors conducted a scientific search using the relevant keywords in the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, in the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI and others databases.

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Atlas, Steven, e Jonathan Skinner. Education and the Prevalence of Pain. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maggio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14964.

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Wu, Huijing. Prevalence of Grandparenthood in the U.S. National Center for Family & Marriage Research, gennaio 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-18-03.

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Westrick-Payne, Krista. Prevalence of Grandparenthood in the U.S. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-23-01.

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Biddlecom, Ann, e Bolaji Fapohunda. Covert contraceptive use: Prevalence, motivations, and consequences. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy6.1009.

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Beintema, Nienke M. The prevalence of volatility in funding trends. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133946.

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Kleiner, Morris, e Alan Krueger. The Prevalence and Effects of Occupational Licensing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, settembre 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14308.

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Julian, Christopher. Prevalence of Cohabitation Among Unmarried Older Adults. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-22-10.

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University of Manchester. Patterns and Prevalence of Adult Food Allergy. Food Standards Agency, maggio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ehu454.

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This project has been set up to provide a step-change in our understanding of food allergy in adulthood by determining its prevalence in the adult population. It provided data to allow the trajectories of the condition in relation to both persistent allergy from childhood and adult-onset food allergy to be described, together with adverse reactions to foods that are not mediated by IgE.

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Westrick-Payne, Krista. Prevalence of Grandparenthood in the U.S., 2022. National Center for Family and Marriage Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25035/ncfmr/fp-24-21.

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In 2022, approximately 60.5 million adults aged 50 and older were grandparents, according to the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP, 2023). The SIPP is a nationally representative household-based survey and is designed to provide comprehensive family and social information on individuals and families. The SIPP gathers information on all individuals who live in a surveyed household and directly asks respondents if they are a grandparent. For these reasons, SIPP is one of the few surveys that identifies non-resident grandparents. In this profile, we identify the prevalence of grandparenthood among adults aged 50 and older and examine their demographic characteristics, including race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and current relationship status. This profile is an update of Stykes, Manning, & Brown, 2014, Wu, 2018, and Westrick-Payne (2023). It is also the fourth in our series on grandparents in the U.S.

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