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Busuttil, Walter. "Complex post-traumatic stress disorder: a useful diagnostic framework?" Psychiatry 8, n. 8 (agosto 2009): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2009.04.014.
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Yatsenko, Viktoriia, e Nariman Darvishov. "Posttraumatic growth from the perspective of narrative approach to the study of personality". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Psychology, n. 1 (17) (2023): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bpsy.2023.1(17).14.
Abstract (sommario):
Background. Today's challenges require a person to be able to cope with crises and integrate this experience for personal growth, which is reflected in such psychological phenomena as post-traumatic growth (PTG). Given the methodological limitations of previous quantitative studies of this problem, there was a need to expand the understanding of post-traumatic growth using new methodological approaches, in particular narrative methods. In this literature review, we set out to explore the sources in which the post-traumatic growth studied within the framework of the narrative theory of personality, and sought answers to the following questions: a) how can post-traumatic growth be reflected in the narratives of people who have experienced traumatic experiences?; b) how effective is psychotherapy using narrative techniques in facilitating PTG of post-traumatic growth? Results. An analysis of the existing literature showed that the study of post-traumatic growth within the framework of the theory of narrative identity remains a promising and understudied direction. The most adaptive themes through which post-traumatic growth can manifest itself in people's life stories are the themes of agency and redemption, which have been linked in a number of studies to deeper cognitive processing of memories, psychological maturity, prosocial personality traits, and improved mental health. The central process that determines the subjective interpretation of one's life history and the development of a narrative identity is the process of meaning-making. So far, there has been little research on the effectiveness of narrative techniques in facilitating post-traumatic growth. Conclusions. The limitations of this review and the prospects for further research are discussed, emphasizing the importance of studying the dynamics of post-traumatic growth at the level of narrative identity using longitudinal designs and mixed methodology. It also discusses the prospects for integrating existing and future research on this issue into the practice of psychotherapy.
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Watson, I. P. Burges, L. Hoffman e G. V. Wilson. "The Neuropsychiatry of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder". British Journal of Psychiatry 152, n. 2 (febbraio 1988): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.2.164.
Abstract (sommario):
The publication of DSM-III introduced the diagnosis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), thus providing, for the first time, a framework for studying the consequences of extremely stressful events. Previously, traumatic neuroses had attracted a wide variety of labels – as wide as the experiences that produced them. Competing explanations in psychological and biological terms have characterised the approach to these disorders, and social and legal issues have added to the confusion. In recent years, psychosocial issues have tended to dominate the literature in relation to PTSD. While acknowledging the importance of such phenomenological and psychosocial approaches, this paper seeks to redress the balance by focusing on a biological perspective.
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Chen, Xinyi. "Research on Counseling Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder". Journal of Social Science Humanities and Literature 6, n. 6 (29 dicembre 2023): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jsshl.2023.06(06).15.
Abstract (sommario):
The critical role of counseling psychology and therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the focus of this article. Counseling therapy is fundamental in understanding, diagnosing, and treating this complex disease. This study explores the psychological mechanisms underlying PTSD, including theoretical frameworks for understanding the disorder and the critical roles that cognitive processes, memory, and emotion regulation play in its development. Elucidate the complex interplay of these mechanisms to gain a complete understanding of disease etiology and persistence. This article finds that a therapeutic framework that combines trauma counseling, CBT, and EMDR can be incorporated into the treatment of PTSD. This goes some way to addressing the inherent complexities of trauma and PTSD. Additionally, this study recognizes the dual impact of counseling therapy, recommending that counselors prioritize self-care, setting boundaries, seeking support, and the importance of a culture that promotes the normalization of help-seeking behaviors. These findings and insights lay the foundation for further research and clinical practice, emphasizing the importance of developing and adapting treatments to better serve individuals affected by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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Subbota, Spartak. "PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF POST-TRAUMATIC PERSONALITY GROWTH". PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 5, n. 9 (30 settembre 2019): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2019.5.9.18.
Abstract (sommario):
The article proves that there are more and more evidence to positive psychological changes that can be the result of one’s struggle with the consequences of stress and traumatic experiencing. The aim of our work is to show that post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth are possible to understand and to study within framework of integral psychosocial model. It is shown that within context of adaptation after the trauma, new approaches that arise up on the basis of positive psychology considerably differ from traditional accents on illness and abnormal psychology that mental health specialists often make. At first glance, historically young domain of positive psychology hardly can offer much interesting for those who study and work in the area of (post) traumatic stress. However, as we noticed earlier, it is necessary to make a new look at development of clinical psychology, in particular on that, how distribution of illness ideology separated research of post-traumatic stress from studies of post-traumatic growth instead of development of integral perspective for understanding of these forms of human experience within the limits of single model. Psychosocial model describes interaction between psychological and social factors for acceleration or improvement of cognitive-emotional processing. This model is psychosocial, because although the cognitive-emotional processing belongs to the area of internal psychological experience, its speed and depth however to a great extent are determined by socially-psychological factors. Important, that psychosocial model is based not on traditional medical understanding of illness and health, and consequently does not consider post-traumatic stress as separate result of trauma, analysing it instead as a natural process related to these factors. Essential features of post-traumatic stress are re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal - examined within the framework of psychosocial model as experiencing of event cognitions: appraisal, coping and emotional states. Within the limits of this model the repeated experiencing, avoidance, and excitation are not examined as symptoms of pathology or disorder, but as markers of need of cognitive-emotional processing of the new trauma-related information. Moreover, these features are studied rather even as variables of a wide spectrum, but not only as dichotomic states that are either present or absent.
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Solberg, Ø., M. S. Birkeland, I. Blix, M. B. Hansen e T. Heir. "Towards an exposure-dependent model of post-traumatic stress: longitudinal course of post-traumatic stress symptomatology and functional impairment after the 2011 Oslo bombing". Psychological Medicine 46, n. 15 (9 settembre 2016): 3241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716001860.
Abstract (sommario):
BackgroundOur understanding of the dynamics of post-traumatic stress symptomatology and its link to functional impairment over time is limited.MethodPost-traumatic stress symptomatology (Post-traumatic Checklist, PCL) was assessed three times in 1-year increments (T1, T2, T3) following the Oslo bombing of 22 July, 2011, in directly (n = 257) and indirectly exposed (n = 2223) government employees, together with demographics, measures of exposure and work and social adjustment. The dynamics of post-traumatic stress disorder symptom cluster interplay were examined within a structural equation modelling framework using a cross-lagged autoregressive panel model.ResultsIntrusions at T1 played a prominent role in predicting all symptom clusters at T2 for the directly exposed group, exhibiting especially strong cross-lagged relationships with avoidance and anxious arousal. For the indirectly exposed group, dysphoric arousal at T1 played the most prominent role in predicting all symptom clusters at T2, exhibiting a strong relationship with emotional numbing. Emotional numbing seemed to be the main driver behind prolonged stress at T3 for both groups. Functional impairment was predominately associated with dysphoric arousal and emotional numbing in both groups.ConclusionsFor directly exposed individuals, memories of the traumatic incident and the following intrusions seem to drive their post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, as these memories lose their potency over time, a sequela of dysphoric arousal and emotional numbing similar to the one reported by the indirectly exposed individuals seems to be the main driver for prolonged post-traumatic stress and functional impairment. Findings are discussed using contemporary models within an exposure-dependent perspective of post-traumatic stress.
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Bhat, Uday, Tarush Gupta, Mahesh Nair, Mayur Mantri, Mangesh Pawar e Amresh Baliarsing. "Three component cartilage framework reconstruction for correction of post-traumatic nasal septal collapse". Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 50, n. 03 (settembre 2017): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijps.ijps_74_17.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTBackground: Post-traumatic nasal septal collapse results in flat, broad, non-projecting nose due to mid-vault collapse. These patients may have airway obstruction due to poorly supported internal valve. Traditional techniques like ‘cantilever graft technique’ or conventional ‘L-graft technique’ produce a rigid lobule as the single unit framework extends to the tip. These grafts also lack in internal valve support. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with post-traumatic nasal septal collapse were treated with three component cartilage framework technique in the past 3 years. The framework was reconstructed in three components-septal, columellar and dorsal onlay; using costal cartilage. If needed, upper lateral cartilage support grafts were also provided. Results: At 6 months’ follow-up, all 12 patients were satisfied with the outcome. The nasal projection and dorsal definition were aesthetically pleasing, and there was free natural movement of the lobular part of the nose. One graft was revised for further improvement in outcome. Airway obstruction, when present was also relieved. Conclusion: This technique has distinct advantages over the conventional techniques as the framework of separate components maintains pliability of the lobule, supports the internal valve and offers good control of aesthetic needs.
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Kazak, Anne E., e Chiara Baxt. "Families of infants and young children with cancer: A post-traumatic stress framework". Pediatric Blood & Cancer 49, S7 (2007): 1109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.21345.
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Karateev, A. E., V. A. Nesterenko, M. A. Makarov e A. M. Lila. "Chronic post-traumatic pain: rheumatological and orthopedic aspects". Rheumatology Science and Practice 60, n. 5 (10 novembre 2022): 526–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2022-526-537.
Abstract (sommario):
Trauma causes a complex local and systemic reaction of the macroorganism, the consequences of which can be various functional, neurological and psychoemotional disorders. One of the most painful complications of injuries of the musculoskeletal system is chronic post-traumatic pain (CPTP), which occurs, depending on the severity of the damage, in 10–50% of cases. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is multifactorial and includes the development of chronic inflammation, degenerative changes (fibrosis, angiogenesis, heterotopic ossification), pathology of the muscular and nervous systems, neuroplastic changes leading to the development of central sensitization, as well as depression, anxiety and catastrophization. Risk factors for CPTP should be considered the severity of injury, comorbid diseases and conditions (in particular, obesity), stress and serious trauma-related experiences (within the framework of post-traumatic stress disorder), the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis and chronic tendopathy, genetic predisposition, deficiencies in treatment and rehabilitation in the early period after injury. To date, there is no clear system of prevention and treatment of CPTP. Considering the pathogenesis of this suffering, adequate anesthesia after injury, active anti–inflammatory therapy (including local injections of glucocorticoids), the use of hyaluronic acid, slow-acting symptomatic agents and autologous cellular preparations – platelet-riched plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, etc. are of fundamental importance. However, therapeutic and surgical methods of CPTP control require further study
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Folk, Tully, Blacker, Liles, Bolden, Tryon, Botello e Niendam. "Uncharted Waters: Treating Trauma Symptoms in the Context of Early Psychosis". Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, n. 9 (12 settembre 2019): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091456.
Abstract (sommario):
Psychosis is conceptualized in a neurodevelopmental vulnerability-stress framework, and childhood trauma is one environmental factor that can lead to psychotic symptoms and the development of psychotic disorders. Higher rates of trauma are associated with higher psychosis risk and greater symptom frequency and severity, resulting in increased hospitalization rates and demand on outpatient primary care and mental health services. Despite an estimated 70% of individuals in the early stages of psychosis reporting a history of experiencing traumatic events, trauma effects (post-traumatic anxiety or depressive symptoms) are often overlooked in psychosis treatment and current interventions typically do not target commonly comorbid post-traumatic stress symptoms. We presented a protocol for Trauma-Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis (TI-CBTp), an approach to treating post-traumatic stress symptoms in the context of early psychosis care. We provided a brief summary of TI-CBTp as implemented in the context of Coordinated Specialty Care and presented preliminary data supporting the use of TI-CBTp in early psychosis care. The preliminary results suggest that individuals with comorbid psychosis and post-traumatic stress symptoms can be appropriately and safely treated using TI-CBTp within Coordinated Specialty Care.
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Lonie, Isla. "Borderline Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: An Equivalence?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 27, n. 2 (giugno 1993): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048679309075772.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper draws attention to various similarities between Borderline Personality Disorder and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. It is argued that the former may be considered to be an equivalent of the latter, with the difference that the trauma has either undergone repression or, having been suffered before the establishment of speech, has not been registered in verbal form. The criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder are presented in terms of symptoms of failed attachment consistent with early trauma, and various research papers linking these concepts are considered. Other research in infant attachment suggests intergenerational links between disorganised attachment patterns in infancy and parents with unresolved problems with their own parents. Research concerning the biochemical underpinning of emotional responses is quoted to link these conditions more securely, and may offer conceptual framework in which to understand the need of these patients for therapeutic milieu in which early developmental needs may be understood.
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Rzepka, Irja, Catharina Zehetmair, Emma Roether, David Kindermann, Anna Cranz, Florian Junne, Hans-Christoph Friederich e Christoph Nikendei. "Impact of and Coping with Post-Traumatic Symptoms of Refugees in Temporary Accommodations in Germany: A Qualitative Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 17 (1 settembre 2022): 10893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710893.
Abstract (sommario):
Due to pre-, peri- and post-migratory stress factors, refugees often experience higher levels of psychological stress than the general population. Post-traumatic stress disorder, in particular, has an increased prevalence in the refugee population. However, living conditions in the early post-migratory phase are characterized by many challenges. In the present qualitative study, 14 refugees with symptoms of PTSD from temporary accommodations in Germany were interviewed in semi-structured interviews about their individual experiences of the impact of their trauma sequelae symptoms on their current living conditions and interactions. Participants reported dealing with post-traumatic symptoms primarily through distraction strategies, such as working or learning the language or social interaction. Many reported a sense of mistrust as a result of traumatic experiences. Current stress factors cited included uncertain asylum status, worry about family members and lack of ability to influence living situations. The interactions between the post-traumatic symptoms and the living conditions of the refugees were highlighted. The effects of the symptomatology of trauma sequelae and the framework conditions under which refugees live can lead to aggravated psychological distress. Therefore, special attention must be paid to refugee mental health care.
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Dell’Osso, Liliana, Barbara Carpita, Benedetta Nardi, Chiara Bonelli, Martina Calvaruso e Ivan Mirko Cremone. "Biological Correlates of Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG): A Literature Review". Brain Sciences 13, n. 2 (10 febbraio 2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020305.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the beginning of medical science, much research have focused on the psychopathological effects of traumatic experiences. Despite in past centuries the scientific literature on mental health has been mainly focused on the harmful effects of traumatic occurrences, more recently the idea of “post-traumatic growth” emerged, on the basis of a growing interest in the characteristics of resilience and possible positive consequences of trauma. In this framework, increasing attention is now being paid to the psychological meaning of PTG, with a consistent number of psychopathological and epidemiological studies on this subject, but limited literature focused on neurobiological correlates or eventual biomarkers of this condition. The present work aimed to summarize and review the available evidence on neurobiological correlates of PTG and their psychological and clinical meaning. Results highlighted a variety of biochemical and neurobiological differences between PTG and non-PTG individuals, partially corroborating findings from earlier research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, although promising, findings in this field are still too limited and additional studies on the neurobiological correlates of traumatic experiences are needed in order to gain a better understanding of the subject.
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Chernyshov, Heorhii. "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of Participants in Military Action". Ius Humani. Law Journal 9, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2020): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31207/ih.v9i1.225.
Abstract (sommario):
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of combats in the context of the protection of human rights. Methods used in this research are theoretical and empirical, with an anonymous survey of 212 participants in the fighting in the East of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the fact that PTSD is a complex problem, the negative consequences of which are studied in the framework of sociology, criminology, and criminal proceedings, as well as psychology, psychiatry, medicine in general. The article discusses the features of post-traumatic stress disorder of combats in the east of Ukraine. The conclusions are formulated on the main social problems of war veterans in Ukraine and ways to solve them. It has been established that persons who took part in hostilities in the east of Ukraine have a number of social problems after returning from the conflict zone, because of which individuals cannot fully exercise their constitutional rights. A potential “risk group” is defined in the article among war veterans who are in greater need of social and governmental patronage. In addition, it formulates specific proposals to minimize the possible negative consequences of participation in hostilities, as well as to protect constitutional rights, establish social policies and support war veterans.
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Ayers, S., R. Bond, S. Bertullies e K. Wijma. "The aetiology of post-traumatic stress following childbirth: a meta-analysis and theoretical framework". Psychological Medicine 46, n. 6 (16 febbraio 2016): 1121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291715002706.
Abstract (sommario):
There is evidence that 3.17% of women report post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth. This meta-analysis synthesizes research on vulnerability and risk factors for birth-related PTSD and refines a diathesis–stress model of its aetiology. Systematic searches were carried out on PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science using PTSD terms crossed with childbirth terms. Studies were included if they reported primary research that examined factors associated with birth-related PTSD measured at least 1 month after birth. In all, 50 studies (n = 21 429) from 15 countries fulfilled inclusion criteria. Pre-birth vulnerability factors most strongly associated with PTSD were depression in pregnancy (r = 0.51), fear of childbirth (r = 0.41), poor health or complications in pregnancy (r = 0.38), and a history of PTSD (r = 0.39) and counselling for pregnancy or birth (r = 0.32). Risk factors in birth most strongly associated with PTSD were negative subjective birth experiences (r = 0.59), having an operative birth (assisted vaginal or caesarean, r = 0.48), lack of support (r = −0.38) and dissociation (r = 0.32). After birth, PTSD was associated with poor coping and stress (r = 0.30), and was highly co-morbid with depression (r = 0.60). Moderator analyses showed that the effect of poor health or complications in pregnancy was more apparent in high-risk samples. The results of this meta-analysis are used to update a diathesis–stress model of the aetiology of postpartum PTSD and can be used to inform screening, prevention and intervention in maternity care.
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Galea, Michael, Josianne Scerri, Paulann Grech, Alexei Sammut e Christie Attard. "Post-Traumatic Growth after Cancer: A Thematic Analysis Study". Humanities and Social Science Research 6, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2023): p11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/hssr.v6n1p11.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: That a diagnosis of, and treatment to cancer brings along shock, distress and possible long-term negative life changes is very clear from human experience and research alike. But such an experience can also relate to positive life changes, as increasing research on the aftermath of serious illness, such as cancer diagnosis consistently shows. Observations of positive outcomes linked to quality of life are increasingly being found in cancer studies. These results seem to converge with post-traumatic growth (PTG) which emphasize positive life changes as resulting from considerable life-changing events that are borne from crises or trauma.
Objectives: Aims to this study were to 1) investigate the holistic impact and ramifications of PTG on the recovery from serious illness such as cancer; 2) clarify the relationship, if any, of PTG with mental health outcomes; and 3) how is PTG strengthened or otherwise, when one is faced by such life-changing event.
Methods: Using a Thematic Analysis design, we investigated how the diagnosis of, and treatment to cancer impacted the patients and survivors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people who had received treatment for breast (n=3), MSS (n=1), ovarian (n=2), bone (n=2), H. Lymphoma (n=1), Liver (n=1). Using descriptive mapping, we clarified whether this study results are consistent with Tedeschi and Calhoun’s PTG framework.
Results: Findings charted on the key factors of PTG.
Conclusions: Cancer results in varied consequences and in negative and positive adjustments. Further development of findings which charted on major PTG dimensions is warranted.
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Sakovich, P. V., E. G. Ichitovkina, A. G. Soloviev, M. V. Zlokazova, S. V. Zhernov e I. A. Novikova. "Biopsychosocial markers of post-traumatic stress disorder in combatants". Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, n. 1 (17 aprile 2024): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2024-0-1-50-55.
Abstract (sommario):
Relevance. Military personnel combat stress disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), arising from the impact of the stress combat situation factors on the psyche, lead to social maladaptation and decreased combat capacity. Timely diagnosis and further prevention of various stress-associated mental disorders helps to avoid progression into a chronic disease and concomitant psychosomatic pathologies.The objective is to identify PTSD biopsychosocial markers in combatants.Methods. Clinical psychopathological examination, biochemical and chemical toxicity studies (CTI) were conducted to identify metabolites of psychoactive substances. 85 male officers of the Russian Guard were examined following up to 90 day’s deployment in the combat zone in 2022–2023; those were split into Group I (38 individuals who underwent outpatient treatment for PTSD (F43.1), average age (28.4 ± 2.2) years and service experience (2.9 ± 1.4) years) and Group II (47 individuals with no diagnosed mental disorders, average age (29.2 ± 2.1) years and service experience (3.1 ± 1.2) years).Results and discussion. The two groups revealed significant differences for all test parameters, i.e. PTSD risk, anxiety and depression levels. The group that included combatants seeking psychiatric aid demonstrated remarkably higher levels, revealing positive reliable correlations between PTSD and biochemical parameters, ethyl glucuronide, testosterone and midnight cortisol.Conclusion. Taking into account specific social and political settings, as well as the scale and intensity of military action, further improvement is demanded in the examination of combatants using multiaxial biopsychosocial framework of markers, including both clinical and psychological screening, as well as chemical, toxicological and biochemical studies, as prescribed by the regulation of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, is necessary to change. Considering the elevated values obtained by the TSQ and HADS questionnaires, the additional markers of PTSD development in combat officers may include elevated testosterone, midnight cortisol, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, as well as the ethyl glucuronide and benzodiazepines in biological samples.
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Silverstein, Rebecca. "CHRONIC IDENTITY DIFFUSION IN TRAUMATIZED COMBAT VETERANS". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 22, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1994): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1994.22.1.69.
Abstract (sommario):
The traumatic effects of combat are elaborated as having long lasting deleterious effects on veterans. The modal age of combat duty for these veterans is seen as coinciding with Erikson's postulated stage of psychosocial development, when identity is hypothesized to be crystallizing. The spectrum of resulting symptoms and problems are conceptualized within the rubric of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The persistent identity diffusion with which these veterans present is addressed within the theoretical framework of psychosocial development. Treatment implications are discussed.
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Inyang, Ime Okon, Dr Susan Gitau e Dr Eric Osoro. "Narrative Exposure Therapy Intervention and Management of Memory Intrusion Symptoms of Traumatic Stress among Young People in Kakuma Division, Turkana County of Kenya". Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 3, n. 2 (23 novembre 2020): p194. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v3n2p194.
Abstract (sommario):
Kakuma refugee camp is currently the home of 196,666 people who fled from their various countries due to civil war and organized violence. Young people form 20% of this population. These young people live with constant reminders of negative memories of their traumatic experience. Against this background, this study sought to assess the young people’s traumatic stress with the use of post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) tool. The study adopted narrative exposure therapy framework and intervention for traumatic stress management. The study used quasi-experimental research design whereby the researcher adopted a non-equivalent groups design. This design involved one treatment group and one control group. The study sampled 110 participants through multistage cluster and proportionate sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data with the aid of statistical programme for social sciences (SPSS) version 23. Independent sample t-test was used to list the statistical significant differences between the means in the pre-test and post-test scores for the groups. The researcher established that Narrative exposure therapy intervention was effective in management of memory intrusion symptoms of traumatic stress among young people in Kakuma division, Turkana County of Kenya.
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Park, Yu-Jin, e Kyoung Suk Lee. "Scoping review protocol of post-traumatic growth (PTG) in Korean cancer survivors". BMJ Open 14, n. 3 (marzo 2024): e077896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077896.
Abstract (sommario):
IntroductionCancer, a life-threatening chronic disease, is the leading cause of death in Korea, accounting for 27% of all deaths in 2020. Due to advancements in medical technology and early detection of cancer in Korea, the 5-year relative survival rate reached 70.7% (2015–2019), highlighting remarkable progress over the past decades. Although cancer has been seen as a traumatic event, cancer survivors also go through a subjective process of self-maturation, which is called post-traumatic growth (PTG). Because research on PTG among Korean cancer survivors has not been systematically synthesised, a scoping review on this topic will provide a better understanding of the positive psychological changes that occur as a patient moves through the illness trajectory of cancer from a Korean cultural perspective. The purpose of this study was to describe the protocol of a scoping review regarding PTG in Korean cancer survivors.Methods and analysisThe scoping review framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley and the manual refined by the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews will be used with the six framework guidelines developed by Levacet al. Searched databases will include Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PsycInfo, as well as Korean databases, examining all articles published between 2012 and 2023 in Korean or English on PTG in Korean cancer survivors. Extracted data will be collated, charted and summarised.Ethics and disseminationBecause the scoping review methodology undertakes a secondary analysis of collected data from previous research studies, this study does not require ethical approval. The results of this scoping review will be disseminated through presentations at conferences and publication in a scientific journal.
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Beeke, Matt. "Towards a co-ordinated framework for critical incident response in school communities: A review of current evidence". Educational and Child Psychology 38, n. 1 (marzo 2021): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2021.38.1.75.
Abstract (sommario):
Aims:This paper synthesises current evidence from trauma studies with a model emerging from a recent large-scale study of the responses of educational psychologists to critical incidents (CIs). It explores how evidence in providing psychological support in the immediate period after a traumatic event can be applied within a framework for consultation to organise and co-ordinate multi-agency support for individuals and school communities.Rationale:Recent large-scale traumatic events affecting schools and wider communities such as the Grenfell Tower fire in 2017 have highlighted the need for co-ordinated support for schools from various agencies following traumatic events. This paper distils evidence-based principles from relevant studies relating to immediate post-trauma support in helping the school system to remain functioning and maximising the wellbeing of members of the school community following a CI.Findings:A consultation model (COPE) is proposed as a framework for professionals supporting school communities in the immediate period after a CI that employs the five evidence-based principles. Suggestions are also made about longer-term support for schools following traumatic events.Limitations:The heterogeneity of traumatic events, school contexts, definitions of CIs and the available wider support for schools is acknowledged as a feature of CI work, limiting the applicability of any framework. Opportunities and constraints that arise from synthesising different theoretical approaches to trauma are also discussed, including tensions between mental health and wellbeing perspectives.Conclusions:The paper highlights the need for a co-ordinated professional response in supporting schools after traumatic events that makes use of evidence-based principles within a consultation framework. In the context of increased mental health support in schools, the need to ensure that a range of professionals with different perspectives work together to support the mental health and well-being of school communities in the immediate period after a CI is highlighted.
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Masson, Joanic, Amal Bernoussi e Charlemagne Simplice Moukouta. "Brainspotting Therapy: About a Bataclan Victim". Global Journal of Health Science 9, n. 7 (29 maggio 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n7p103.
Abstract (sommario):
Brainspotting psychotherapy (BSP), elaborated by Grand in 2003, aims at managing patients suffering from psycho-traumatic syndromes: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, emotional dysregulation, anxiety and/or depressive syndromes.This original approach combines features of hypnotherapy and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and is based on the concept of eye positions capable of soliciting the psychological assimilation processes of traumatic memories. We briefly present this therapeutic tool (framework, protocol, expected effects) and propose certain hypotheses which may explain its efficacy. For this, we draw on research into the practice of Mindfulness and the theory of mnesic malleability. Finally, the follow-up of a victim of the 2015 attack on the Bataclan in Paris supports the discussions developed here.
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Bianchini, V., R. Roncone, L. Giusti, M. Casacchia, MG Cifone e R. Pollice. "PTSD Growth and Substance Abuse Among a College Student Community: Coping Strategies after 2009 L’aquila Earthquake". Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health 11, n. 1 (31 marzo 2015): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901511010140.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim of the study was the assessment of coping strategies, specifically substance use and post-traumatic growth (PTG), in 411 college students two years after 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) was used to assess PTG and one question about substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis) was asked to verify if students had modified their use in the post-earthquake compared with the pre-earthquake period. The 77.1% of college students were exposed to L’Aquila earthquake. The PTGI mean score was 35.23, underlining low positive coping strategies among student community. About substance abuse, the 43.8% of college students reported a marked increase in alcohol use, 7.8% in cannabis and the 15.8% reported an increase in nicotine use in the post-earthquake period. Despite these data, 12.5 % of the students reported a decrease in alcohol use after the earthquake and 17.3% of the sample reported a PTG, showing positive behaviors and attitudes after the traumatic experience of the natural disaster (increase of social relationships, appreciation of new future possibilities, and development of a new deep meaning of life). Inferential analysis shows a strong negative correlation between direct earthquake exposure and PTGI total score. In post-disaster settings, a systematic framework of case identification, triage, and mental health interventions, including the improvement of positive coping strategies, like the PTG, should be integrated into emergency medicine and trauma care responses.
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Dahal, Chandi Raj. "Introduction to Narrative Phenomenon Model: A Framework for Mapping War Stories that Travel through Generations". Bodhi: An Interdisciplinary Journal 7 (31 dicembre 2019): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bodhi.v7i0.27907.
Abstract (sommario):
This article relies upon cultural trauma theory for the basic understanding of storytelling in a post-traumatic situation and presents its findings based on researcher’s own observation of a post conflict situation of decade long armed conflict in Nepal. It introduces a communication model to explain the storytelling phenomenon that emerges during and after any violent situation and that exists through newer generations. First, the article discusses some theories related to trauma stories and sociology of generational differences. Second, it proposes Narrative Phenomenon Model as a new tool that can map the journey of trauma stories created by those exposed to war or violent events. Third, it discusses how narratives get created, modified or transformed into multiple truths.
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Yaw, Matthew. "Husserl and ptsd: The Traumatic Correlate". Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 46, n. 2 (20 novembre 2015): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341293.
Abstract (sommario):
The present paper contributes to the analysis and understanding of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) from the perspective of Husserlian phenomenology. The particular approach taken integrates the experience of a ptsd trigger into Husserl’s descriptive framework of noematic constitution. By analyzing the constituent makeup of a particular object that acts as a trigger for ptsd symptoms, a descriptive account of how an ordinary noematic correlate becomes a pathological traumatic correlate is provided. This is done in three steps. First, the traumatic correlate is shown to emerge by way of a judgment. Then, the role of the Ego will be examined to identify the point where the intentional relation between sufferer and traumatic correlate becomes pathological. Third, a phenomenological description of belief characteristics indicates the mechanism by which this pathology is maintained. I conclude by showing the connection between a phenomenological account of ptsd triggers and the current therapeutic practice of prolonged exposure therapy.
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Rasad, Siti Kurniati, e Achmad Munjid. "POST-9/11 TRAUMATIC PARANOIA AS REFLECTED IN DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN". Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 6, n. 2 (21 novembre 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v6i2.61482.
Abstract (sommario):
This article investigates how the trauma of 9/11 tragedy affects the lives of the characters in DeLillo’s Falling Man and shows how the trauma of 9/11 portrayed in the novel reflects American collective trauma. This investigation is qualitative research utilizing memory and trauma as the theoretical framework. The discussion in this article reveals that individual experience the trauma of 9/11 tragedy differs from one person to another. While other characters go through their mourning successfully, the main character in the novel becomes a perennial mourner and is ceaselessly haunted by his traumatic memory due to constant avoidance from his trauma. His continuous externalization of his trauma causes him to focus on the external threats and becomes a paranoiac. On a societal level, American society is also perpetually mourning and is haunted by post-traumatic paranoia continuously. American exceptionalism, biased orientalist perspective about the orient, and alleged prolonged quasi war between Islam and the west have framed the collective experience of the trauma in binary opposite narrative of a good versus evil war. The collective trauma perpetuates and many policies are born out of their paranoia.Keywords: 9/11 tragedy; memory; mourning; post-traumatic paranoia; trauma
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Musicaro, Regina Marie, Joseph Spinazzola, Joshua Arvidson, Sujata Regina Swaroop, Lisa Goldblatt Grace, Aliza Yarrow, Michael K. Suvak e Julian D. Ford. "The Complexity of Adaptation to Childhood Polyvictimization in Youth and Young Adults: Recommendations for Multidisciplinary Responders". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 20, n. 1 (21 febbraio 2017): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838017692365.
Abstract (sommario):
Exposure to violence is pervasive in our society. An abundance of research has demonstrated that individuals who experience polyvictimization (PV)—prolonged or multiple forms of traumatic victimizations—are at heightened risk for continuing to experience repeated victimizations throughout their lifetimes. The current article reviews several overlapping constructs of traumatic victimizations with the ultimate goal of providing a unifying framework for conceptualizing prolonged and multiple victimization (defined in this article as PV) as a precursor to complex post-traumatic biopsychosocial adaptations, revictimization, and in some instances reenactment as a perpetrator (defined as complex trauma [CT]). This model is then applied to three socially disadvantaged victim populations—lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning; commercially sexually exploited individuals; and urban communities of color—who are at heightened risk for PV and for exhibiting complex clinical presentations to demonstrate how the PV-CT framework can destigmatize, reframe, and ultimately reduce health disparities experienced by these populations. Trauma-informed recommendations are provided to aid researchers and multidisciplinary providers working to reduce harm and improve the quality of life for polyvictims.
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Mohylnyk, A., L. Zhyvotovska, K. Tarasenko, D. Boiko, Ye Sonnik e O. Arkhipovets. "POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AS PRESSING ISSUES OF OUR TIME". Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 23, n. 3 (3 novembre 2023): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.23.3.203.
Abstract (sommario):
The issue of combat-related psychological trauma and the development of post-traumatic disorders during wartime are of great significance now. The ongoing conflict with the invasion of neighbouring forces and the large-scale war against Ukraine poses a threat that could extend for years, if not decades, and potentially affect other regions. The constant shelling of border areas, missile attacks, and the dire social, humanitarian, and epidemiological conditions in occupied territories of Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk and Luhansk regions have resulted in profound psychological distress among not only military personnel but also the entire population of Ukraine. This situation has led to a complex and diverse development of post-traumatic stress disorder in the contemporary context. However, despite these tragic events, this topic is of interest due to its scientific, practical, epidemiological significance, among other aspects. There is still no universally accepted theoretical framework defining approaches to the study of the psychological and biological mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder. Several pathogenetic models of the development of this disorder are currently under development. This disorder is characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including asthenia, anxiety, affective, behavioural, and psychotic disorders, which often present challenges in therapy. The most effective approach involves the use of combined pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, with antidepressants being the only pharmacological agents endorsed in international clinical guidelines as first-line treatments. While experimental treatment methods exist, they require further investigation. Nonetheless, only about half of the patients achieve remission. Consequently, symptomatic therapy, placebo medications, and polypharmacy have become common in clinical practice, as clinicians attempt to address various comorbid psychopathological symptoms. This approach, to some extent, reflects the lack of well-established effective therapeutic methods and often results in prolonged illness, the development of treatment resistance, and the occurrence of side effects. In general, the efficacy of comprehensive therapy is insufficiently studied and necessitates further representative placebo-controlled and comparative clinical studies, as well as the development of more suitable and effective experimental approaches to investigate novel treatment methods.
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Lolaeva, Albina Slavovna, e Madina Zaharovna Hudalova. "The impact of childhood psychological trauma on adult life". Психолог, n. 2 (febbraio 2024): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8701.2024.2.70417.
Abstract (sommario):
Within the framework of this study, the possibility of mitigating the effects of childhood trauma and strengthening the physical and mental health of adults was analyzed, since childhood trauma negatively affects an adult. At the same time, it is possible that some people can develop resilience and establish barriers that help them overcome the difficulties they have had to face. The term "childhood psychological trauma" refers to emotionally and/or mentally unpleasant or disturbing events that occurred in childhood and can have a long-term impact on a person's physical and mental health. Adults who have experienced trauma in childhood may have difficulty building and maintaining healthy connections with others, and communication with the opposite sex does not go well. The aim of the research was to study the impact of childhood injuries on adult life, as well as to identify the relationship between childhood psychotrauma and post-traumatic symptoms of adults. Standard tests for childhood trauma and post-traumatic effects were used for the study. For this purpose, a sample of 100 people aged 18-50 years was taken. The novelty of the study lies in the need for constant updating of knowledge and methods of working with people who experienced psychological trauma in childhood, taking into account changing conditions and factors affecting their psychological state. The results of the study can be used to develop programs for the prevention of childhood psychological trauma. The results showed that childhood injuries can have a long-term effect on people even in adulthood. The results indicate a close relationship between childhood trauma and the development of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder of adults. According to a positive correlation, the likelihood of developing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder increases as childhood trauma increases. It is important to note that correlation does not indicate a causal relationship. The findings do not prove a causal relationship, even if there is a significant correlation between childhood trauma and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Other factors such as genetic predisposition, social support, and coping methods can also influence post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Ayub, Amelia Mulyani. "Representation Signs of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Smile Film by Parker Finn". Lakon : Jurnal Kajian Sastra dan Budaya 12, n. 2 (30 novembre 2023): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/lakon.v12i2.48549.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract: This research focuses on understanding the signs that portray Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the film Smile, employing Charles Sander Pierce's triadic sign theory framework, encompassing Representamen, Object, and Interpretant. The research methodology employed is a qualitative descriptive approach, with textual and visual data forming the basis for analysis. The primary data sources include images and transcripts from the film Smile, released in 2022. The film Smile, directed by Parker Finn, was chosen as the representative work due to its successful portrayal of an individual's experience with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. This representation involves various types of signs that depict the psychological state of the character Rose. The analysis is conducted using a sign analysis approach within the context of the film. Through this analysis, can comprehend how trauma is represented, interpreted, and processed in an individual's mind and emotions through the various signs that manifest in the film.
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Ganieva, R. H. "Spirituality as a source of the individual resilience: results of the psychological study". Minbar. Islamic Studies 11, n. 3 (24 dicembre 2018): 649–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2018-11-3-649-666.
Abstract (sommario):
The article offers an analysis of the consequences of the 1992 Ossetian-Ingush conflict conducted by a professional psychologist. The study involved 32 people, the relatives of those who became lost during this conflict. The object of analysis is the post traumatic growth, which was quantified on the basis of the questionnaire designed by R. G. Tеdeschi and L. G. Calhoun and adapted to the local circumstances by M. Sh. Magomed-Eminova. For in-depth interviews was used the questionnaire designed by the present author (R. Ganieva). It comprises 50 closed and open questions that imply two types of information: objective (e.g. date of birth, health, education, profession, etc.) and subjective (e.g. the level of satisfaction with life, self-identification as an individual who lives in this world, identifying what actually does mean a human life, the value of one’s life, perception of religion and self-identification within its framework, learning from positive experience, participation level in the work of the Committee, which helps to search after missing people, etc.). The in-depth interviews with relatives of those who has gone missing during the events of autumn1992 inthe Prigorodny district and the city ofVladikavkazdeal with the spiritual changes of an individual. These changes are considered to be an important component of post-traumatic growth as found among the relatives of the missing people. Analysis of the results gained has revealed that the majority of respondents (59 %) showed a high level of post-traumatic growth and demonstrated a high level of post-traumatic wisdom. Simultaneously, it was found that the acquisition and realization of the meaning of life is always associated with the outer world, as well as with the creative activity of a person, his/her subject parameters and achievements. An evaluation of the interview showed that the categories of faith and spirituality were crucial for the person’s post-traumatic growth, These categories were instrumental in maintaining psychological stability in a difficult life situation.
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Maeng, Lisa Y., e Mohammed R. Milad. "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Relationship Between the Fear Response and Chronic Stress". Chronic Stress 1 (febbraio 2017): 247054701771329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470547017713297.
Abstract (sommario):
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychiatric condition that can develop following a physical, psychological, or sexual trauma. Despite the growing body of literature examining the psychological and biological factors involved in PTSD psychopathology, specific biomarkers that may improve diagnosis and treatment of PTSD have yet to be identified and validated. This challenge may be attributed to the diverse array of symptoms that individuals with the disorder manifest. Examining the interrelated stress and fear systems allows for a more comprehensive study of these symptoms, and through this approach, which aligns with the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework, neural and psychophysiological measures of PTSD have emerged. In this review, we discuss PTSD neurobiology and treatment within the context of fear and stress network interactions and elucidate the advantages of using an RDoC approach to better understand PTSD with fear conditioning and extinction paradigms.
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DiBlasi, Lori, Sarah A. Mandelbaum, Carina JohnKlein, Alexandra Ossowski, Yocheved Keren, Dina Cottone, Katherine E. Russell e Rosemarie Basile. "61 Subjective PTSD and Cognitive Complaints in Middle Aged Women who were Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Case Series". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (novembre 2023): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723001431.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective:hough there is much that is unknown about “post-COVID conditions” the Center for Disease Control (CDC) recognizes that these conditions represent a wide array of new, returning, or ongoing health issues in individuals who have been infected with the novel corona virus, COVID-19. This case series describes the emotional and cognitive screening of three females in their 50's who contracted COVID-19, and were hospitalized during the course of their illness. This case series hopes to provide an initial framework to discuss the recovery trajectory of post-COVID patients who were hospitalized, who have experienced residual post-traumatic stress and cognitive symptoms.Participants and Methods:Three middle-aged female patients (ages 52, 53, 55) were screened in an outpatient post-COVID recovery center for initial and post-COVID emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms. All three women reported being hospitalized during their illness. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) was administered via clinical interview and the patients were asked about subjective cognitive complaints related to concentration, memory, and word finding.Results:All three women reported persisting cognitive problems, including difficulties with concentration, problems with memory, and word finding difficulties. They also endorsed symptoms of post-traumatic stress, such as avoidance of thoughts and events, as well as recurrent nightmares related to the course of their illness.Conclusions:The CDC notes that there are no tests that specifically evaluate the multitude of post-COVID conditions. Regardless, this case series suggests that emotional and cognitive screeners may assist in treatment planning and support recovery in this population. Future research should examine the exact nature of the relationship between hospitalization, emotional symptoms, and cognitive functioning in post-COVID patients.
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Slade, Mike, Stefan Rennick-Egglestone, Laura Blackie, Joy Llewellyn-Beardsley, Donna Franklin, Ada Hui, Graham Thornicroft et al. "Post-traumatic growth in mental health recovery: qualitative study of narratives". BMJ Open 9, n. 6 (giugno 2019): e029342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029342.
Abstract (sommario):
ObjectivesPost-traumatic growth, defined as positive psychological change experienced as a result of the struggle with challenging life circumstances, is under-researched in people with mental health problems. The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for post-traumatic growth in the context of recovery for people with psychosis and other severe mental health problems.DesignQualitative thematic analysis of cross-sectional semi-structured interviews about personal experiences of mental health recovery.SettingEngland.ParticipantsParticipants were adults aged over 18 and: (1) living with psychosis and not using mental health services (n=21); (2) using mental health services and from black and minority ethnic communities (n=21); (3) underserved, operationalised as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community or complex needs or rural community (n=19); or (4) employed in peer roles using their lived experience with others (n=16). The 77 participants comprised 42 (55%) female and 44 (57%) white British.ResultsComponents of post-traumatic growth were present in 64 (83%) of recovery narratives. Six superordinate categories were identified, consistent with a view that post-traumatic growth involves learning about oneself (self-discovery) leading to a new sense of who one is (sense of self) and appreciation of life (life perspective). Observable positively valued changes comprise a greater focus on self-management (well-being) and more importance being attached to relationships (relationships) and spiritual or religious engagement (spirituality). Categories are non-ordered and individuals may start from any point in this process.ConclusionsPost-traumatic growth is often part of mental health recovery. Changes are compatible with research about growth following trauma, but with more emphasis on self-discovery, integration of illness-related experiences and active self-management of well-being. Trauma-related growth may be a preferable term for participants who identify as having experienced trauma. Trauma-informed mental healthcare could use the six identified categories as a basis for new approaches to supporting recovery.Trial registration numberISRCTN11152837
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Slade, Pauline. "Towards a conceptual framework for understanding post-traumatic stress symptoms following childbirth and implications for further research". Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 27, n. 2 (gennaio 2006): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01674820600714582.
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Satapathy, S., e S. Kasi. "(A196) Psychological Distress, Quality of Life and Post-Traumatic Stress among Tsunami Affected People with Disabilities". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (maggio 2011): s55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001920.
Abstract (sommario):
The study investigated psychological impact of tsunami of men and women with disabilities two years after the tsunami disaster. A total of 248 tsunami affected people with disabilities aged between 16 to 85 years were included in the final sample. And the sample consisted of 132 males with the men age 37.9 years, and 116 females with the men age 40.6 years. SRQ (psychological distress), IES (post-traumatic stress), WHO- DAS (psychosocial disability functioning) and QOL (quality of life) were administered. In addition to scale administration to 248 people, formal discussions were held with 27 mentally retarded people and their guardians/parents, thus making the total sample of 275. Main effects of gender were found significant on IES i.e. post-traumatic stress and main effects of type of disability was found significant on physical QOL, psychological QOL, and post-traumatic stress. Main effects of severity of disability was found significant on all variables. t-tests have been found out to study the inter group differences. All findings have been discussed in the light of supporting studies and theories. Long-term psychosocial and psychiatric interventions are suggested to be provided till the reconstruction and rebuilding phase continues, however, the challenge still remains for the strategy of mainstreaming disabled specific designed interventions within the community based psychosocial care services framework.
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Deady, Mark, Daniel Collins, Aimee Gayed, Samuel B. Harvey e Richard Bryant. "The development of a smartphone app to enhance post-traumatic stress disorder treatment in high-risk workers". DIGITAL HEALTH 9 (gennaio 2023): 205520762311556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076231155680.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent in certain populations. However, evidence indicates that many individuals do not respond to treatment. Digital supports hold promise for increasing service provision and engagement but there is a lack of evidence on blended care options and still less research guiding the development of such tools. This study details the development and overarching framework used to build a smartphone app to support PTSD treatment. Methods The app was developed in line with the Integrate, Design, Assess, and Share (IDEAS) framework for the development of digital health interventions and involved clinicians (n=3), frontline worker clients (n=5) and trauma-exposed frontline workers (n=19). Integrated iterative rounds of testing were conducted via in-depth interviews, surveys, prototype testing and workshops, alongside app and content development. Results Clinicians and frontline workers both expressed a clear preference for the app to augment but not replace face-to-face therapy, with the aim of increasing between-session support, and facilitating homework completion. Content was adapted for app delivery from manualised therapy (trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Prototype versions of the app were well received, with both clinicians and clients reporting the app was easy to use, understandable, appropriate and highly recommendable. System Usability Scale (SUS) scores were on average in the excellent range (82/100). Conclusions This is one of the first studies to document the development of a blended care app designed specifically to augment clinical care for PTSD, and the first within a frontline worker population. Through a systematic framework with active end user consultation, a highly usable app was built to undergo subsequent evaluation.
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Wilson, Stuart, Harminder Guliani e Georgi Boichev. "On the economics of post-traumatic stress disorder among first responders in Canada". Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 1, n. 2 (8 agosto 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.6.
Abstract (sommario):
There is an increasing awareness of the tragic consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among first responders in Canada. There is also an increasing awareness of the lack of understanding about the economic and social costs of PTSD in Canada. This article aims to briefly review the current evidence on the prevalence rates of PTSD, the economic costs associated with PTSD, and the costs and efficacy of various treatment strategies, to provide a framework for future research on the economic analysis of PTSD. Estimates suggest that as many as 2.5 million adult Canadians and 70,000 Canadian first responders have suffered from PTSD in their lifetimes. While we could not find any evidence on the economic cost of PTSD specifically, a recent estimate suggests that mental illness in the Canadian labour force results in productivity losses of $21 billion each year. Research from Australia suggests that expanded mental health care may improve the benefits of treatment over traditional care, and more cost-effectively. Given the methodological challenges in the existing studies and the paucity of evidence on Canada, more Canadian studies on prevalence, on the economic and social costs of PTSD, and on the costs and effectiveness of various treatment options are encouraged.
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Markowitz, Sara, e Michael Fanselow. "Exposure Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Factors of Limited Success and Possible Alternative Treatment". Brain Sciences 10, n. 3 (13 marzo 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10030167.
Abstract (sommario):
Recent research indicates that there is mixed success in using exposure therapies on patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our study argues that there are two major reasons for this: The first is that there are nonassociative aspects of PTSD, such as hyperactive amygdala activity, that cannot be attenuated using the exposure therapy; The second is that exposure therapy is conceptualized from the theoretical framework of Pavlovian fear extinction, which we know is heavily context dependent. Thus, reducing fear response in a therapist’s office does not guarantee reduced response in other situations. This study also discusses work relating to the role of the hippocampus in context encoding, and how these findings can be beneficial for improving exposure therapies.
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Anderson, Gregory S., Paula M. Di Nota, Dianne Groll e R. Nicholas Carleton. "Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n. 20 (20 ottobre 2020): 7645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207645.
Abstract (sommario):
Public safety personnel (PSP) and frontline healthcare professionals (FHP) are frequently exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs), and report increased rates of post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSIs). Despite widespread implementation and repeated calls for research, effectiveness evidence for organizational post-exposure PTSI mitigation services remains lacking. The current systematic review synthesized and appraised recent (2008–December 2019) empirical research from 22 electronic databases following a population–intervention–comparison–outcome framework. Eligible studies investigated the effectiveness of organizational peer support and crisis-focused psychological interventions designed to mitigate PTSIs among PSP, FHP, and other PPTE-exposed workers. The review included 14 eligible studies (n = 18,849 participants) that were synthesized with qualitative narrative analyses. The absence of pre–post-evaluations and the use of inconsistent outcome measures precluded quantitative meta-analysis. Thematic services included diverse programming for critical incident stress debriefing, critical incident stress management, peer support, psychological first aid, and trauma risk management. Designs included randomized control trials, retrospective cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. Outcome measures included PPTE impacts, absenteeism, substance use, suicide rates, psychiatric symptoms, risk assessments, stigma, and global assessments of functioning. Quality assessment indicated limited strength of evidence and failures to control for pre-existing PTSIs, which would significantly bias program effectiveness evaluations for reducing PTSIs post-PPTE.
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Farrell, Derek, e M. Taylor. "Silenced by God – an examination of unique characteristics within sexual abuse by clergy". Counselling Psychology Review 15, n. 1 (febbraio 2000): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2000.15.1.22.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractSexual abuse by clergy appears to create unique trauma characteristics, where distinctions exist between this and other types of perpetrated sexual abuse. These distinctions are based upon the hypothesis that sexual abuse by clergy is different rather than worse. Such traumatic experiences, as well as clerical perpetrators using ‘God’ as a silencing strategy, has the potential to shatter survivor‘s religious beliefs in a variety of ways, creating significant theological, spiritual and existential conflict. A further uniqueness with sexual abuse by clergy is from a legalistic perspective, as the offence incorporates civil, criminal and canon law. The long-term consequences will be discussed in two ways, firstly in examining the limitations of the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder framework, and secondly the ways in which Church establishments themselves have the potential to re-traumatise survivors. A survivor’s experience will be used to highlight these points, whilst demonstrating a potential reformulation of this traumatic experience.
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Ayo-Afolayan, Abimbola. "Traumatic Discourse in Scholastique Mukasonga’s Cockroaches and Illuminée Nganemariya’s Miracle in Kigali". International Journal of Literature Studies 4, n. 2 (17 maggio 2024): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijts.2024.4.2.3.
Abstract (sommario):
This study examines the traumatic journeys of Scholastique Mukasonga in Cockroaches and Illuminée Nganemariya in Miracle in Kigali. The thematic focus of these literary tests explicates the challenges faced by these authors and how they have affected their sociological and psychological wellbeing. 1994 in Rwanda, a genocide presumed to be one of the deadliest attacks on the human race occurred, its effects spanning every sphere: political, religious, economic and educational sectors since its occurrence. The resulting violence and its lingering traumatic effects have spanned over three decades of literary discussions. Some Rwandans documented their experiences before, during and after the Genocide. This study adopts trauma theory as a theoretical framework for the interpretive analysis of the prose narratives. These literary narrations exposed the extent of the violence and its lasting traumatic effects on the people. This study foregrounds that literary works are used as post-conflict peace-building materials; they are information materials to the public and a means of offloading burdens to the writers.
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Blinova, K. A., E. V. Pchelintseva e N. P. Lapochkina. "Clinical case of combined correction of children's psychotraumatic experience and distress in the development of cancer". Research and Practical Medicine Journal 7, n. 1 (12 marzo 2020): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-1-8.
Abstract (sommario):
The article describes the results of applying the combined correction of the consequences of childhood traumatic experience, which served as the trigger that launched the onset of cancer distress. A patient with oncopathology (breast cancer) had signs of a sensitive, anxious-phobic personality. In the absence of the ability to cope with children's fears, a distress associatively occurs – a negative emotional state that did not allow finding a way out of the created conditions. The main prerequisite for the development of distress can be considered children's traumatic experience gained in the early stages of ontogenesis, amplified by negative memories of the loss of parents, loss of moral support for loved ones; the formation of a chronic state of loneliness, continuous anxiety regarding personality changes, depressed mood and mental activity. The clinical example described in the article illustrates the close pathological relationship of childhood traumatic experience and the occurrence of the disease, and also confirms the presence of a nonspecific psychosomatic disease in the framework of the diathesis-stress model. The psychological rehabilitation of the patient included the initiation of post-traumatic growth, self-knowledge, development of stress tolerance, activation of creative potential, finding a life goal, and finding harmonious interpersonal relationships. It is shown that the psychotherapeutic techniques used in the framework of the adapted diathesis-stress model (psychosynthesis, short-term analytical psychodrama, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy) allow us to determine a behavior strategy in overcoming the traumatic situation that occurred in the early stages of childhood, in order to form the skills of the correct expression of our emotions, avoiding this deconstructive "coping" – strategy.
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Munir, Haniya, e Asmat A. Sheikh. "Effects of Racism on the Traumatic Experiences of Black Women: Maya Angelou’s “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” in Focus". International Journal of Linguistics and Culture 1, n. 1 (30 giugno 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v1i1.8.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper attempts to explore the effects of racism on sexual traumatic experiences of black women. Actually, the term racism incorporates negative brliefs about women and people belonging to third world countries. As it is suggested by Showalter (1986), Mohanty (2003), Spivak (1999) and Crowley (1991) that women are suffering from male prejdice and this male prejudice leads them towards mental trauma, in this situation, the racist attitudes of the white towards the black prove to be the prejudiceleading to last nail in the coffin. This paper seeks to explore the effects of racism on the traumatic experiences of women keeping in viewAngelou?s novel “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings”. The study is qualitative in nature and uses the framework of Post-Colonial Feminist writer Mohanty (2003) in order to analyze the text of the novel selected through purposive sampling technique. Moreover, the finding of the study revealed that the after-effects of both male prejudice and racism lead the black women towards resistance and courage against this process of „double colonializaation?. Through the framework of „Post-Colonial Feminism? many other issues such as displacement, segragation,sexual hes towards all women especially women of colour becauseheory approacharassment, rape and diaspora of non-western women besides the issue of identity crices can be explored by the future researchers.
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Fachinger, Petra. "Healing Intergenerational Trauma through Cultural Reclamation in David Alexander Robertson’s Cree-Centric Retelling of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe". Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures 14, n. 1 (1 giugno 2022): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jeunesse-14.1.01.
Abstract (sommario):
In this article, I argue that Cree author David Alexander Robertson’s YA novel The Barren Grounds retells C.S. Lewis’s war trauma narrative The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe from a Cree perspective. The “war” addressed in The Barren Grounds is that of the violent acts of colonization that have disconnected several Indigenous generations from their ancestral cultures. The compulsion to reimagine this British classic story in a way that focuses on his own cultural background shows that there was something missing for Robertson in the source text: his Cree identity. Using as a framework Suzanne Methot’s approach to complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), which results from repeated traumatic experiences over a prolonged period, I demonstrate that The Barren Grounds emphasizes the significance of cultural reclamation for the healing of intergenerational trauma, including trauma resulting from the foster care experience. The Indigenization of Lewis’s story recognizes children’s rights to an education that includes Indigenous children’s and YA literature and adopts nation-specific Indigenous knowledge as a framework for reading this literature.
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Khraban, Tetiana. "THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER THROUGH MILITARY PERSONNEL’S CREATIVE WRITING". Scientific Journal of Polonia University 42, n. 5 (12 febbraio 2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4205.
Abstract (sommario):
The aim of this paper is to study the linguistic markers of manifestation in the modern non-institutional military-poetic discourse of consequences of combat stress, which the Ukrainian army servicemen experienced during military operations. This study focuses on an integrated approach combining pragmatic and cognitive approaches in the framework of discourse analysis. Analysis of the military-poetic discourse has proved that combat stress takes a toll in the poetry of military personnel in the form of signs of the emotional and psychological state, which is taken as post-traumatic stress disorder. These signs are: reference to recurring disturbing dreams (nightmares) and obsessive troubling flashbacks relating to war; a subconscious desire to forget what has happened; persistent negative emotional and psychological state, which manifests itself in negative feelings, moods and emotions such as: depression, anger, rage, hatred, mistrust, resentment, humiliation, letdown, confusion from not understanding what is happening; persistent inability to experience positive emotions; depersonalization; feeling of isolation, alienation from other people; persistent and exaggerated expectations from others, which manifests itself in negative beliefs and/or blaming yourself and others. To protect their psyche from the destructive effects of a traumatic situation, servicemen use such self-regulation strategy as involvement in artistic creativity, in which poetry works as a type of social and psychological rehabilitation. The rewind technique, psychodrama and cognitive restructuring are the most essential elements of self-regulation strategies used by the participants in the Joint Forces Operation.
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Lissyari, Mohd Sani Ismail e Nurul Anwar. "[Islamic Perspective of Healing The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) on Street Children]". Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 23, n. 1 (30 aprile 2022): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2022.23.1.657.
Abstract (sommario):
Street children with PTSD need an intervention that integrates socio-spiritual approaches to psychotherapy methods. Problem Statement There is a need to provide the basic framework for the elaboration of a new structured intervention of Islamic psychotherapy. Therefore, an exploration of basic and comprehensive information about an Islamic approach that has become a phenomenon in Indonesian society is crucial. Methodology Using an exploratory, descriptive, analytical, and explanatory qualitative approach, this study was conducted in an Institution of Perlindungan Perempuan Anak (PPA) Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat Indonesia. It made observations of the caregivers, the children with PTSD, and the treatment interventions implemented. A semi-structured interview guide applied to three caregivers of the children with PTSD. Additional data collection tools include interview guide, camera, videos, and observation as it used field notes for the study. Results: The caregivers give therapy to children with the traditional Islamic approach, as maintaining Dzikr, Wudhu, and Sholat when they are in good circumstances. Likewise, relaxation with slow breath and dhikr when they are in anxiety or panic attack. Also, they focus on the fresh sensation of the ablution water and every single step of the ablution. Meanwhile, the child’s mental state is relatively stable, as evidenced by the children’s ability to manage their daily activities well and to provide minimal self-help during anxiety attacks. Conclusions: The Islamic tradition could be elaborated on and used for therapeutic children with PTSD through daily exercises and care by caregivers.
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Kleiman, Valery, Hance Clarke e Joel Katz. "Sensitivity to Pain Traumatization: A Higher-Order Factor Underlying Pain-Related Anxiety, Pain Catastrophizing and Anxiety Sensitivity among Patients Scheduled for Major Surgery". Pain Research and Management 16, n. 3 (2011): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/932590.
Abstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND: The present article addresses two related developments in the psychology of pain, and integrates them into a coherent framework to better understand the relationship between pain and trauma. The first is an emerging conceptualization regarding the nature of the hierarchical organization of major pain-related anxiety constructs. The second is the theoretical rationale and empirical evidence linking pain and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.OBJECTIVES: To explore the underlying hierarchical factor structure of commonly used pain-related anxiety measures including the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI); and to relate this structure to post-traumatic stress disorder in patients scheduled for major surgery.METHODS: Measures were completed by 444 patients scheduled to undergo major surgery. Exploratory factor analysis and subsequent higher-order analysis using the Schmid-Leiman transformation were conducted to investigate the underlying factor structure of the ASI, the PCS and the PASS-20.RESULTS: Twenty items from the ASI, the PASS-20 and the PCS loaded exclusively on one higher-order factor. The authors suggest the term ‘sensitivity to pain traumatization’ (SPT) for the underlying construct based in part on the strong, significant positive correlation between SPT scores and scores on the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian Version. Finally, the total SPT score was significantly higher for patients with a history of pain than for those without a history of pain, both before surgery and one year after surgery. SPT describes the propensity to develop anxiety-related somatic, cognitive, emotional and behavioural responses to pain that resemble features of a traumatic stress reaction. Together, the results of the present study provide preliminary evidence for the construct validity of SPT.
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BOROKHOV, Alexander. "USING THE METHOD OF PSYCHOCONSTITUTIONAL THERAPY IN THE EARLY ACUTE PERIOD OF POST-TRAUMATIC DISORDER". Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 1, n. 11 (25 aprile 2024): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v1i11.29.
Abstract (sommario):
In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of psychoconstitutional therapy (PCT) in the early acute phase of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) within a biopsychosocial framework, considering individual psychological and constitutional differences. Participants were categorized into "Flowers," "Pots," and "Gardeners" based on their stress response behaviours and received tailored interventions aimed at modulating amygdala activity and revising maladaptive stress responses. The results showed statistically significant improvements in stress response behaviours, PTSD symptomatology across various clusters, and overall psychological well-being, as measured by the Psychological General Well-Being Index. This study highlights the potential of psychoconstitutional therapy not only to reduce PTSD symptoms but also to enhance general mental health. It supports the inclusion of this therapy in current psychiatric practices and aligns with the growing trend towards personalized treatment approaches, offering new hope for effective PTSD management
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Buchko, Kathleen J. "Team Consultation Following an Athlete’s Suicide: A Crisis Intervention Model". Sport Psychologist 19, n. 3 (settembre 2005): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.19.3.288.
Abstract (sommario):
This article presents a three-phase model that can guide sport psychologists assisting in crisis intervention with athletes in the weeks following a major trauma. The model employs a systems theory framework within which therapeutic tasks that facilitate recovery from trauma are offered. The unique role of the sport psychologist in post-traumatic care of athletes is discussed. The model’s utility is illustrated via retrospective application to the author’s work with a team that experienced the suicide of one of its veteran members.