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1
Read, Jennifer Louise. "Recovery of language and reading in post-CVA aphasia : A longitudinal study". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508550.
2
Van, Dokkum Elisabeth Henriëtte. "Unfolding movement in time and space : defining upper-limb recovery post-stroke". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON14004/document.
Abstract (sommario):
Plusieurs champs de recherche ont été combinés - mettant en évidence l'utilité de l'analyse cinématique, non seulement afin d'évaluer le comportement moteur, mais aussi afin de contribuer à la compréhension de la récupération motrice post-AVC. Au travers d'analyses cinématiques, les mouvements du membre supérieur hémiplégique ont été décomposés dans le temps et l'espace, afin d'en extraire l'échelle et les composantes structurelles. Cette décomposition systématique, d'abord connue pour son bien-fondé clinique, nous a permis d'identifier les marqueurs les plus pertinents du contrôle du membre supérieur parétique : i.e., la fluidité, la rectitude et la vitesse. Subséquemment, il a été démontré que i) les changements cinématiques se stabilisent au cours de la phase de rééducation, indiquant potentiellement la nécessité de modifier la stratégie thérapeutique; ii) les patient post-AVC sont capables de percevoir la fluidité du mouvement en réalité virtuelle, cette perception étant meilleure lorsque le feedback visuel ne concerne que le point du travail du membre; iii) l'espace de travail post-AVC n'est pas isotrope pour un patient hémiplégique; iv) chez les patients post-AVC, le niveau de ‘bruit neuromoteur' est augmenté; et v) la cinématique reflète la conséquence des stratégies d'adaptation à l'augmentation du bruit, ces stratégies étant basées sur un compromis entre des modes de contrôle d'erreur en feedforward et en feedback des actions motrices. Ainsi, il peut être conclut que la décomposition du mouvement dans le temps et l'espace est un moyen simple et efficace d'appréhender contrôle moteur chez l'Homme en situation normale et âpres AVC. L'enjeu est maintenant d'implémenter ces méthodes d'analyse cinématique dans les protocoles de rééducation post-AVC quotidienne afin de développer de larges bases de données permettant, à l'aide de méthodes de modélisation, de définir des profils de récupération et ainsi personnaliser de façon optimale la rééducation à chaque patient particulierMultiple research fields were combined – highlighting the value of kinematic analysis, not only to evaluate motor behaviour, but also to contribute to the understanding of motor recovery post-stroke. By means of kinematics, hemiplegic upper-limb movements were unfolded in time and space, to extract the scaling and structural components of the movement. This systematic decomposition, first proven to have clinical relevance, allowed us to identify the most pertinent markers of paretic upper-limb control: i.e. smoothness, directness and velocity. Subsequently it was shown that i) change in kinematics levels off over rehabilitation, possibly indicating that treatment may profit from change; ii) people post-stroke are able to perceive movement fluency in virtual realities, whereby simple end-point displays facilitate perception; iii) the workspace post-stroke is heterogeneous; iv) stroke patients have increased levels of neuromotor noise; and v) kinematics reflect the outcome of adaptation strategies to the increased noise in relation to the automaticity of error-corrections on the trade-off between feedforward and feedback based motor control. It may thus be concluded that unfolding the movement in space and time, is a simple and powerful way to define human motor control. The challenge is to implement kinematic analysis in daily post-stroke practice to develop a large database enabling the definition of recovery profiles contributing to provide each individual patient with the right therapy at the right time
3
Meziani, Yeser. "A Kinematic Framework for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Assessment : Expectation- Maximization as a Motor Learning Model". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0096.
Abstract (sommario):
L'apprentissage moteur en tant que mécanisme de récupération est supposé être un cadre qui a guidé les principes de la thérapie physique et qui, depuis l'avènement de la robotique, fait de même pour les dispositifs de réadaptation. Le processus de réadaptation représente l'intersection de nombreuses facettes interconnectées qui co-interagissent pour produire des mouvements récupérés. L'utilisation de la technologie présente de nombreux avantages tout en contribuant à la complexité du phénomène en question. Nous intéressons notre recherche à l'entraînement passif par exosquelette du membre supérieur. Nous proposons une échelle d'évaluation adaptative intra-patient qui est capable de détecter les changements de performance intra-patient pendant l'entraînement robotique. L'apprentissage moteur, le processus par lequel notre cerveau acquiert de nouvelles capacités motrices ou réapprend celles qu'il a perdues suite à un incident neurologique ou traumatique, est notre entrée pour étudier ce phénomène. L'interaction du système composé de l'appareil, de l'incitation sous forme de jeux sérieux et des patients avec tous leurs niveaux d'existence, physiologiques, psychologiques et cognitifs est le système d'étude. Les composants présentent des qualités hétérogènes et des changements dynamiques. La sortie du système sous la forme de trajectoires exécutées est notre instrument de mesure pour étudier les interactions au sein du système. Nous formulons le modèle de trajectoire comme une chaîne de Markov et utilisons le filtre de Kalman pour estimer les états lissés. Alors que la dynamique varie dans le temps, nous modélisons les hypothèses sur le mouvement dans une formulation dynamique et estimons ses paramètres à partir des données. Pour tenir compte de la variabilité temporelle,nous introduisons une source de bruit parallèle à la dynamique et l'estimons à l'aide d'un algorithme d'espérance-maximisation. La nature temporelle n'étant qu'une seule facette du phénomène cinématique, nous supposons un alignement temporel variable et l'estimons en utilisant l'itération d'espérence-maximisation pour augmenter la vraisemblance du modèle estimé par rapport aux trajectoires observées. Une fois appris, les paramètres dépendants du modèle et extraits sont utilisés pour comparer les différences de performance. Les propriétés des outils d'évaluation clinique sont étudiées et les résultats sont formulés pour répondre aux besoins communément signalés. En partant des mêmes principes fondamentaux de l'apprentissage moteur, nous avons cherché à définir un nouvel instrument d'évaluation visuelle destiné à répondre au besoin d'un formulaire de retour d'information facile à communiquer pour le patient. Nous présentons et évaluons les propriétés cliniques de l'outil tout en fournissant des résultats de validation sur des données cliniques attestant de la sensibilité longitudinale de l'outil. L'hypothèse sous-jacente de la visualisation a ensuite été évaluée à l'aide d'une mesure objective de la valeur de probabilité maximale dérivée d'un modèle probabiliste des trajectoires et appliquée sur un modèle de trajectoire hautement probable appris à l'aide d'un régresseur Kernel K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)Motor learning as a recovery mechanism is assumed to be a framework that drived and guided physical therapy and now since the advent of robotics doing the same to the rehabilitation devices. The rehabilitation process presents the intersection of many different interconnected facets that co-interact to produce recovered movements. The use of the technology introduces many benefits while contributing to the complexity of the phenomena at hand. We interest our research to the passive exosquelette training of the upper limb. We propose an adaptive intra patient assessment scale that is capable of detecting intra-patient performance changes during robotic training. Motor learning, the process of our brain's acquiring newer motor skills or relearning those he lost due to neurological or traumatic incident is our portal to investigating this phenomenon. The interaction of the system that is composed of the device, the incentive in form of exercise games and the patients with all its level of existence, physiological, psycho-logical, and cognitive is the system of study. The components present heterogeneous qualities and dynamically driven changes. The system output in the form of the trajectories executed is our gauging instrument to investigate the interactions within the system. We formulate the trajectory model as a Markov Chain and use the Kalman Filter to estimate the smoothed states. While dynamics are variant in time we model the assumptions about the movement into a dynamical formulation and estimate its parameters from data. To account for the time variability we introduce parallel noise source to the dynamics and estimate it using an Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The temporal nature being only a single facet of the kinematic phenomena, we assume a variable temporal alignment and estimate it using Expectation-Maximization iteration to increase the likelyhood of the estimated model compared to the observed trajectories. Once learned the model dependent and extracted parameters are used to compare between differences in performance. The properties of the clinical assessment tools are investigated and results are formulated to answer the commonly reported needs. Stemming from the same fundamentals of motor learning, we aimed to define a new visual assessment instrument that is intended to fulfill the need of patient-first easily communicated feedback form. We present and assess clinical properties of the tools while providing validating results on clinical data attesting the longitudinal sensitivity of the tool. The underlying assumption of the visualization was then assessed using an objective measure of maximum probability value derived using a probabilistic model of the trajectories and expected on a highly likely trajectory model learned using a Kernel-Near-Neighbors Regressor
4
Pina, Josefina da Costa. "A pessoa com depressão pós Acidente Vascular Cerebral". Master's thesis, Instituto politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6157.
Abstract (sommario):
Relatório do Trabalho de Projeto realizado no âmbito do I Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria.Depressão Pós Acidente Vascular Cerebral (DPAVC) é a complicação mais frequente no Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), com uma taxa de prevalência estimada em 60% (Sequeira et al 2006). As repercussões da doença são significativas pelo grau de limitação funcional que provocam (Terroni et al, 2008). De acordo com Ginkel et al (2010), é realçada a importância e o papel do enfermeiro na reabilitação física da pessoa com AVC, comparativamente à reabilitação mental, sendo pouco conhecidas as intervenções terapêuticas que podem ser realizadas nesta área. Consciencializados para a problemática existente e com intenção de intervir visando a promoção da Saúde Mental, abordamos neste documento a necessidade da continuidade de cuidados especializados em enfermagem de Saúde Mental, à pessoa com DPAVC. Para salientar o trabalho desenvolvido e as atividades realizadas de acordo com a intervenção pretendida, elaboramos um Projeto de Intervenção em Serviço (PIS). O PIS assenta na prática baseada na evidência em contexto da prática clínica e baseou-se na Metodologia de Projeto, com as etapas a ele inerentes. A etapa diagnóstica que serviu de base para este documento, relacionou-se com a identificação das necessidades no domínio dos cuidados especializados em enfermagem de Saúde Mental, em pessoas com DPAVC. A problemática da situação centrou-se na pessoa com depressão pós AVC, sem acompanhamento em Saúde Mental após alta do hospital. Com base na metodologia de projeto procedemos à deteção de alterações emocionais em pessoas internadas numa Unidade de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (UAVC), de um hospital numa região no sul do país. Para tal, foi aplicada a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão – HADS (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale). As intervenções de enfermagem planeadas apoiaram-se nas relações interpessoais e visaram a continuidade dos cuidados de enfermagem em Saúde Mental na comunidade, assentes numa parceria com os Cuidados de Saúde Primários (CSP), através da Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade (UCC), na referida localização. Este Trabalho de Projeto permitiu a aquisição e o desenvolvimento de competências ao nível da intervenção especializada, contribuindo para a qualidade dos cuidados. Para a sua concretização foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de vários autores e de artigos de investigação localizados e reunidos nas bases de dados Medline, Cinahl e Cochrane.
Abstract: The Post Stroke Depression (PSD) is the most frequent complication in stroke (CVA) with a prevalence rate estimated at 60 % (Sequeira et al 2006). The repercussions of the disease are significant degree of functional limitation that cause (Terroni et al, 2008). According Ginkel et al (2010), is highlighted the importance and role of the nurse in the physical rehabilitation of people with stroke , compared to mental rehabilitation, being little known therapeutic interventions that can be performed in this area. Made aware to the problems existing with intent to intervene for the promotion of mental health, in this paper we address the need for continuity of care in skilled nursing Mental Health, the person with PSD. To highlight the work and activities undertaken in accordance with the intended intervention, we prepared a Draft Intervention Service (PIS). The PIS is based on evidence-based practice in the context of clinical practice and based on the Project Methodology, with steps attached thereto. The diagnostic phase which formed the basis for this document was related to the identification of needs in the area of specialized nursing care of Mental Health, people with PSD. The problematic situation focused on the person with depression after stroke, unaccompanied Mental Health after discharge from hospital. Based on the design methodology proceeded to the detection of emotional changes in people hospitalized in Unidade de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (UAVC), a hospital in the south region of the country. To this end, we applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression – HADS (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale). Nursing interventions planned relied on interpersonal relations and aimed continuity of care in mental health nursing in the community, based on a partnership with the Primary Health Care, through the Community Care Unit at said location. This Project work allowed the acquisition and development of skills in the specialized intervention, contributing to the quality of care. For its realization was a literature review of several authors and research articles located and gathered in the databases Medline, CINAHL and Cochrane.
5
Nilsson, Tina. "EX POST COST-BENEFIT ANALYS : En studie om metodik för att utföra efterkalkyler utifrån exempel från Trafikverket". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69702.
Abstract (sommario):
Syftet är att analysera ex post CBA utifrån exempel från Trafikverket. Metoden är att utgå från ekonomisk teori och identifiera relevanta steg för att upprätta ex ante och ex post CBA. Utifrån de steg som anses vara relevanta vid upprättande av ex post jämför studien för- och efterkalkyler för två åtgärder inom transportinfrastrukturen. Studien har avgränsats till att jämföra ex ante och ex post för en järnvägsåtgärd och en vägåtgärd. Resultatet visar att Trafikverkets metodik för att upprätta ex post fem år efter att en vägåtgärd är färdigbyggd lider av ett principiellt problem med avseende på tidsperioden, som orsakar systematiska skillnader mellan ex ante och ex post i beräknad samhällsekonomisk lönsamhet, vilket är missvisande när det används som jämförbart. Ingen meningsfull jämförelse utförs ex post fem år efter att en järnvägsåtgärd är slutförd, och den verbala beskrivningen av den förändrade samhällsekonomiska lönsamheten är missvisande utifrån att det är en ögonblicksbild, jämfört med ex ante som baseras på en längre period.The aim of this study is to analyze ex post CBA based on examples from the Swedish Transport Administration. The method is to use economic theory and identify relevant steps for establishing CBA ex ante and ex post. The study is delimited to compare ex ante and ex post for one railway- and road project. The results show that the Swedish Transport Administration methodology ex post for road projects five years after completion suffers from a fundamental problem regarding the period of time, which causes systematic differences between ex ante and ex post in calculated socio-economic profitability, which is misleading when used as comparable. No meaningful comparison is made ex post for rail projects five years after completion. Only a verbal description of the socio-economic profitability is done which is misleading as it is a snapshot, compared to ex ante that is based on an extended period of time.
6
Pathirana, Dilan. "Numerical Modelling of Blood Flow for Coarctation of the Aorta: Pre- and Post-treatment Simulations". Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/387287.
Abstract (sommario):
Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) is a disease that is present in newborns and is
commonly described as a short section of narrowing in the aorta. This thesis uses
mathematical and numerical modelling to investigate both pre- and post-treatment
issues experienced by CoA patients, by examining the effect of the coarctation, some
associated cardiovascular abnormalities, as well as treatments for CoA, on blood flow
properties.
CoA is a serious congenital heart disease, and the mean age of mortality has
been estimated to be 34 years. Treatments generally focus on resolving the physical
restriction in the aorta, which is the coarctation, although CoA is associated with
many cardiovascular abnormalities. Despite the availability of several treatments,
treated CoA patients experience late hypertension and have a decreased life expectancy
compared to normal people. Two examples of treatments are resection
and end-to-end anastomosis (REA) and stents. REA is a surgical treatment that
involves excising the coarctation and suturing the remaining aorta together. Stents
are a catheter-based intervention where a catheter is inserted into the artery and
used to expand a metal stent into the coarctation. It is unclear whether a particular
treatment is superior, as there is insufficient long-term data for some treatments.
Several reviews of treatments for CoA have concluded that additional data are
required to understand whether these recently utilised treatments result in superior
long-term outcomes.
Numerical simulation of mathematical models of blood flow in arteries can be used
to investigate and compare treatments where clinical data are lacking, and difficult or
expensive to obtain. This thesis uses existing one-dimensional mathematical models
of blood flow in arteries, which have been shown to reproduce the main features of
hemodynamics. Equations are developed to implement altered arterial properties,
such as artery wall stiffness and cross-sectional luminal area, in the models. These are
used in simulations to investigate the effect of various conditions that are observed
in CoA patients, pre- and post-treatment, on blood flow properties that are related
to negative outcomes.
Treatments for coarctation necessarily affect the compliance and wall properties
of the aorta, in the region where they are implemented. REA involves excising the
coarctation and suturing the remaining aorta together, and is studied as a short
section of increased stiffness in the aorta wall in this thesis. Stents are studied as a
longer region of increased stiffness.
First a single tube model of the aorta is used to investigate the local effects
of the REA and stent treatments. It is found that the increased stiffness in the
aorta wall from REA and stent treatments, compared to normal people, results in
increased blood pressure and increased radial expansion of the artery walls, which may
contribute to the incidence of hypertension and aneurysms in treated CoA patients.
This increased blood pressure and radial expansion is found in both untapered and
tapered aortas. Flow in a tapered stent, which narrows with the aorta in a tapered
aorta model, is also simulated and compared to flow in a straight stent in a tapered
aorta. Unexpectedly, the straight stent produces some superior (closer to normal)
blood flow properties, compared to the tapered stent.
To identify possible causes of isolated systolic hypertension, which is common in
CoA patients, parameters in the model are modified and simulations are performed
to identify the effect of altered parameters on blood flow properties. Of the parameters
tested, artery wall stiffness is identified as a suitable parameter for further
investigation, based on the results of this thesis, as well as other studies that have
shown increased stiffness in the upper body arteries of CoA patients.
Next a network model of the major arteries is adapted to incorporate a range of
coarctation severities, various increases to the stiffness in the arteries in the upper
body, the REA and stent treatments used in the previous aorta model, and eccentric
left ventricular hypertrophy, which are all present in some CoA patients pre- or
post-treatment. CoA is known to be difficult to diagnose and is underdiagnosed
in early life, and simulation results suggest CoA with mild or moderate severity
coarctations may not produce the symptoms that are typically associated with CoA.
The artery stiffness associated with CoA is known to increase with age in untreated
patients, and simulations show that increased stiffness may increase the severity
of CoA symptoms, which may explain why some CoA patients are not diagnosed
until later in life. This increased stiffness is known to persist post-treatment, and it
results in increased systolic blood pressure when simulated, which may explain why
hypertension persists in treated patients.
Two blood velocity indices, Gosling’s pulsatility index and Pourcelot’s resistivity
index, are calculated from results in the models, in an attempt to find measurements
that could be tested in patients to aid in diagnosis. Gosling’s pulsatility index, which
is a calculation involving systolic, diastolic and average blood velocity, is found to
differentiate between mild, moderate and severe coarctations, which may improve
diagnosis rates in infants.
The stent and REA treatments are also compared in the network artery model.
REA is found to produce the most normal blood flow properties, which suggests that
the REA treatment is likely to produce better long-term outcomes for patients than
the stent treatment.
Eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy is an increase in the mass of the left
ventricle of the heart, without a relative increase in wall thickness, and is detected
in a significant number of CoA patients, including post-treatment. In all presented
simulations, the inflow from the heart into the aorta is specified as a flow waveform,
and eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy is modelled as a scaling of the waveform.
The results in this thesis suggest that this type of hypertrophy could be associated
with the hypertension and aneurysms observed in CoA patients. Other results that
are found suggest that the diagnosis and treatment of CoA patients may be affected
by eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy.
Although CoA increasingly appears to have life-long negative outcomes despite
treatment, it is hoped that the findings in this thesis may help to explain and improve
these outcomes for patients.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
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Azad, Arsalan Afzal. "Characterising a role for acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2 in the regulation of autophagy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277748.
Abstract (sommario):
The important role of the central intermediary metabolite acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA)for several anabolic and catabolic pathways is well characterised. However, the role of AcCoA as the only known donor of acetyl groups for protein acetylation in regulation of enzyme activities, protein complex stability as well as epigenetic status off chromatin, is only recently emerging. Among multiple other pathways, the autophagy pathway has now been shown to be directly regulated by protein acetylation and deacetylation. Therefore, it was reasoned that the availability of AcCoA, via the modulation of AcCoA generating enzymes, may regulate autophagy. This study has focussed on the role of the acetate-mediated route to nuclear-cytosolic AcCoA synthesis, catalysed by AcCoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), in the regulation of autophagy.
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Santandrea, Sara. "Valutazione delle performance sismiche di pareti in c.a. a cavi post-tesi mediante confronto con pareti tradizionali incastrate alla base". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Abstract (sommario):
Con il presente elaborato ci si pone l’obbiettivo di determinare le performance delle pareti prefabbricate in c.a. a cavi post-tesi. Questi sistemi nascono con lo scopo di ottenere un sistema sismo resistente che sia in grado di far fronte alla sollecitazione di progetto con limitati danneggiamenti e spostamenti residui. Questi obbiettivi vengono raggiunti inserendo nella parete dei cavi post-tesi; essi collegano la parete alla fondazione e ne consentono il meccanismo di “rocking”, ovvero l’oscillazione che prevede l’apertura e chiusura del giunto di base. In questo modo a danneggiarsi, in minima parte, sono solo gli spigoli di base sui quali la parete fa perno nell’oscillazione. Inoltre la presenza dei cavi, progettati per rimanere in campo elastico per la sollecitazione sismica di progetto, ricentra il sistema in seguito all’evento sismico minimizzando gli spostamenti residui. Questi sistemi però sono in grado di dissipare solo una piccola quantità di energia sismica e di conseguenza possono sperimentare elevati spostamenti. Per ovviare a questo problema si possono utilizzare dissipatori, ovvero dispositivi facilmente sostituibili che, aumentando l’energia dissipata, migliorano le performance del sistema. Basandosi sulle campagne di sperimentazione finora svolte sulle pareti a cavi post-tesi è stato possibile dimensionare uno di questi sistemi, modellarlo in un software agli elementi finiti e sottoporlo ad analisi dinamiche non lineari. La stessa cosa è stata fatta per una parete in c.a. tradizionale incastrata alla base, che è stata dimensionata seguendo le indicazioni della normativa vigente e sottoposta alle stesse analisi. È stato quindi possibile confrontare le pareti sulla base di parametri ingegneristici e in relazione ai diversi stati limite che caratterizzano la progettazione sismica.
9
Alia, Claudia. "Studying and modulating post-stroke neuroplasticity to improve motor recovery". Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86002.
Abstract (sommario):
Limited restoration of motor function occurs spontaneously during a plastic time window after stroke. A deeper understanding of post-stroke plasticity is critical to devise more effective pharmacological and rehabilitative treatments.
Here, I have characterized the spontaneous evolution after a photothrombotic lesion in mice, both in terms of motor deficit and plasticity in the perilesional cortex. In generalized motor tasks such as the Gridwalk and Schallert Cylinder test, motor deficits were stable for at least 30 days after photothrombotic stroke in the Caudal Forelimb Area (CFA). The skilled reaching test, performed once a week, showed a trend for spontaneous improvement over time in the number of correct graspings. However, kinematic analysis, evaluated by means of an innovative semi-automated tool, revealed a persistent alterations in grasping movements, pointing to the development of compensatory strategies.
The perilesional cortex has been proposed as the area mediating functional recovery. I found a reorganization of the motor maps in sensorimotor cortex around to the lesion. Particularly, I observed a significant shrinkage of the forelimb area, in favour of hindlimb representation using Intracortical Microstimulation (ICMS). Moreover, neuroanatomical markers, previously characterized in the literature as “neuroplasticity brakes” (i.e. Perineuronal nets, Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-positive cells) spontaneously decrease after stroke, suggesting an enhancement of the potential for plastic rearrangements. Altogether these results, suggest a spontaneous attempt to reopen a critical period characterized by sprouting and plasticity phenomena, that needs to be amplified and properly guided for maximizing recovery.
The GABAergic system is one of the key modulators of plasticity in the brain, and its role has been amply studied in relation to opening and closure of the “critical period” in sensory cortices during development. To test whether reductions in GABAergic signalling were causally involved in motor improvements, we treated animals during an early post-stroke period with a benzodiazepine inverse agonist, which impairs GABAA receptor function. We found that hampering GABAA signalling led to significant restoration of function in general motor tests such as the gridwalk and the pellet reaching tasks, with no significant impact on the kinematics of reaching movements. Improvements were persistent as they remained detectable about three weeks after treatment.
Using electrophysiological recordings I found an electrical imbalance between the two hemispheres. In particular, contralesional motor cortex was found to exert an enhanced transcallosal inhibition over the spared, perilesional tissue. Silencing the healthy hemisphere using cortical infusion of Botulinum Neurotoxin E, partially improved motor recovery in the gridwalk test.
We then established a rehabilitation protocol that combined intensive and highly repeatable exercise of the mouse forelimb with a robotic platform with reversible inactivation of the healthy, contralesional motor cortex. We found that such treatment promoted recovery in both Gridwalk and Schallert Cylinder tests and in end point measures during Skilled reaching test. Remarkably, the combined therapy also restores pre-lesion movement patterns during reaching movement, as evaluated by kinematic analysis. Furthermore, such rehabilitated animals showed a more plastic perilesional cortex, with an additional significant decrease in plasticity brakes.
10
Törö, Tuukka. "Cooperation or Aid? A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis of Finland’s Development Policy". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22715.
Abstract (sommario):
The current Finnish development policy, published in 2016, follows the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 sustainable development goals. With the help of a few tools from corpus linguistics, this study conducts a critical discourse analysis of the policy, using Norman Fairclough’s three-dimensional method for CDA as its methodologicalframework and post-development theory as its main theoretical background. The study focuses on the definitions of development and its implementation as put forward by the policy, and how the policy text relates to its production and consumption as well as to the social and political context in which it is situated. Rather than working toward cooperation and participation which it promises, the policy reinforces the image of top-down aid dictated by institutions of the global North. It juxtaposes Finland as a giver and saviour with countries in the global South as vulnerable receivers of aid, granting little agency for the institutions,let alone the people of its development partners.
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Souza, Rafaelly Domingos Campos de. "Efic?cia da terapia com laser de baixa pot?ncia em pacientes portadores de disfun??o temporomandibular". PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SA?DE COLETIVA, 2014. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24085.
Abstract (sommario):
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Objetivo: Avaliar a efic?cia da terapia com laser de baixa pot?ncia em pacientes com Disfun??o Temporomandibular (DTM). Materiais e M?todos: Este ensaio cl?nico randomizado duplo-cego foi composto de uma amostra de 32 pacientes (19 no grupo experimental e 13 no grupo placebo). A sele??o da amostra se deu entre os indiv?duos adultos de ambos os sexos, portadores de DTM com sintomatologia dolorosa. Foram inclu?dos aqueles que obtiveram diagn?stico de DTM por crit?rios pr?-estabelecidos e realizadas oito sess?es de laserterapia, duas vezes por semana durante quatro semanas com reavalia??es em sete, 15, 30 e 60 dias ap?s a ?ltima avalia??o. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta a escala visual anal?gica (EVA) de dor, o ?ndice temporomandibular (ITM) e o Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Resultados: Dos 32 pacientes, 2 foram exclu?dos, um em cada grupo, resultando em 18 pacientes do grupo laser (mediana de idade de 32); j? o grupo placebo resultou em 12 pacientes (mediana de idade de 44,5). O valor da EVA inicial e final, respectivamente, foi de 8 e 5 (p = 0.003) para grupo laser e 7 e 4 (p = 0.03) no grupo placebo. Nos demais tempos de acompanhamento n?o houve diferen?a estat?stica significante entre os tempos e nem entre os grupos (p>0,05). O ITM apresentou melhora somente no subgrupo muscular entre os tempos inicial e final no grupo placebo (p = 0.01) e o OHIP apresentou diferen?a estat?stica na avalia??o inicial e final intragrupo tanto grupo laser (p = 0.004) quanto no grupo placebo (p = 0.043). A an?lise de sobrevida mostrou que o tempo de tratamento proposto por esta pesquisa se mostrou eficaz para a diminui??o da dor no grupo laser. O grupo placebo tamb?m apresentou melhora da sintomatologia. Conclus?o: O laser aplicado duas vezes por semana por quatro semanas foi eficaz como terapia de suporte para as DTMs.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of low level laser therapy in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients. Materials and Methods: The sample of this randomized double-blind clinical trial was composed by 32 patients (19 experimental and 13 placebo). The sample selection occurred among adults of both genders with painful symptoms in head and neck region. The TMD diagnosis was established by RDC and the treatment consisted in eight sessions of laser therapy twice a week for four weeks and follow ups occurred in seven, 15, 30, 60 days after the tretament. Visual analogue scale (VAS ) of pain, temporomandibular index (TDI) and the OHIP-14 were used as data collection instruments. Results: Two patients were excluded, one in each group, resulting in 18 patients in the laser group (median age of 32), and 12 in placebo group (median age of 44,5). The value of the initial and final VAS was respectively 8 and 5 (p = 0.003) for the laser group and 7 and 4 (p = 0.03) for the placebo group. In other follow up times there was no statistically significant difference between the times or between groups (p> 0.05). The ITM showed improvement only in muscle subgroup between the inicial and final times in the placebo group (P = 0.01) and OHIP presented statistically significant in initial and final assessment both intragroup laser group (p = 0.004) and in the placebo group (p = 0.043). Survival analysis showed that the treatment time proposed for this study was effective in reducing pain in laser group. The placebo group also showed improvement of symptoms. Conclusion: The laser applied twice a week for four weeks was effective support therapy to TMD.
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Lazzarato, Maurizio. "Les machines à cristallliser le temps : perception et travail dans le post-fordisme". Paris 8, 1996. http://octaviana.fr/document/17455107X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
L'objet de la these est l'etude du rapport entre le temps et les dispositifs technologiques electroniques et numeriques. Le concept de "machines a cristalliser le temps" definit la specificite de la technologie numerique et electronique par rapport aux technologies mecaniques et thermodynamiques. Cette specificite est caracterisee par la propriete de ces "machines" a cristalliser ("synthetiser") le temps ; ce qui permet de trouver de continuites et des ruptures avec la theorie marxienne de la valeur et du travail (et du travail vivant) qui definit a son tour le travail e la marchandise comme "cristallisation du temps". Le but avoue de la these est donc de determiner un fondement de ces technologies dans le rapport capitaliste de production qui ne soit pas "exterieur" (un rapport de subordination e de utilisation de technologie), mais "ontologique". La definition de "machines a cristalliser le temps" est construite sur une confrontation entre la theorie bergsonienne du temps ( en developpant le rapport entre cinema et la theorie de bergson etablit par gilles deleuze) et la production (pratique e theorique) de premiers artistes video pour qui la "video c'est le temps" (essentiellement nam june paik)This thesis is a study of the relationship that time has with electronic and digital apparatus or machines. The concept of "machines that crystallize time" is applied to differenciate digital technologies from mechanic or thermodynamic ones. The definition of machines of crystallize time is based on a confrontation of bergson's theory of time (as developed by gilles deleuze) with the production of the first video artists for whom "video is time", such as nam june paik
13
Courty, Elric. "Contribution différente des fibres afférentes non-peptidergiques IB4 dans les douleurs céphaliques et extra-céphaliques d'étiologies variées chez le rat". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC027.
Abstract (sommario):
La douleur est une expérience sensorielle et émotionnelle ayant un impact majeur sur la qualité de vie des individus. La douleur n’est pas uniforme, elle comprend plusieurs symptômes dont la prévalence et la sensibilité pharmacologique varient en fonction du territoire corporelle et de l’étiologie. Par exemple, les douleurs neuropathiques, fréquentes dans les régions extracéphaliques, sont rares dans la région céphalique. Des différences anatomiques, physiologiques et pharmacologiques ont rapporté dans la littérature. Cependant, on ignore les mécanismes physiopathologiques à l’origine des différences épidémiologiques ou pharmacologiques. Dans ce projet, nous avons exploré le rôle d’une sous population de fibres afférentes, les fibres C non-peptidergiques liant l’isolectine B4 (C-IB4) dans l’initiation de symptômes douloureux dans des territoires différents (céphalique et extra-céphalique) et dans des modèles de douleurs d’étiologies différentes [post-chirurgicales et inflammatoires (test au formol, modèle CFA). Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous avons utilisé des approches comportementales et immunohistochimiques. Pour établir la contribution des fibres C-IB4, nous avons eu recours à la délétion pharmacologique des fibres C-IB4 par l’injection intra-nerveuse d’une protéine inhibant la synthèse protéique, la saporine, couplée à l’isolectine B4 chez le rat. Nos résultats montrent que les caractéristiques des réponses comportementales varient en fonction du territoire lésé. L’allodynie mécanique céphalique, quelle que soit son étiologie, est souvent bilatérale alors que l’allodynie mécanique extra-céphalique est exclusivement ipsilatérale. L’allodynie céphalique dure moins longtemps que l’allodynie extra-céphalique. Par ailleurs, la délétion des fibres C-IB4 a des effets différents selon le territoire et l’étiologie de la douleur. Elle inhibe l’allodynie mécanique extra-céphalique post-chirurgicale mais en revanche aggrave l’allodynie mécanique céphalique. Cependant, la délétion des fibres C-IB4 n’a pas d’effet l’allodynie mécanique inflammatoire extra-céphalique mais aggrave l’allodynie mécanique céphalique inflammatoire bilatéralement. En conclusion, nos résultats montrent pour la première fois que des étiologies identiques induisent des symptômes ayant des caractéristiques différentes selon le territoire corporel lésé. Ces différences sont dues à un rôle différent de fibres afférentes primaires non-peptidergiques dans la physiopathologie des allodynies mécaniques céphaliques et extracéphaliques. Ces résultats expliquent en partie les différences épidémiologies en fonction des territoires et offre de nouvelles perspectives pour comprendre la physiopathologie des douleurs céphaliques et extra-céphaliques et le développement de thérapeutiques spécifiquesPain is a sensory and emotional experience that has a major impact on an individual's quality of life. Pain is not uniform, it includes several symptoms and their prevalence and pharmacological sensitivity vary according to the body territory and the etiology. For example, neuropathic pain, which is common in the extra-cephalic region, is rare in the cephalic one. Anatomical, physiological and pharmacological differences have been reported in the literature. However, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the epidemiologic or pharmacologic differences are unknown. Here, we explored the role of non-peptiderdic C fibers that bind the isolectin B4 (C-IB4) in the initiation of pain symptoms in different territories (cephalic and extra-cephalic) and in pain models of different etiologies (post-surgical and inflammatory). To test this hypothesis, we used behavioral and immunohistochemical approaches. In this study, we used a ribosomal toxin, saporin, conjugated to the lectin IB4 to selectively ablate the non-peptidergic nociceptive C fibers in rats. First, we show that the patterns of behavioral responses vary according to the affected territory. Cephalic mechanical allodynia, whatever its etiology, is often bilateral, whereas extra-cephalic mechanical allodynia is exclusively ipsilateral. The duration of cephalic allodynia is shorter than extra-cephalic allodynia. Second, deletion of C-IB4 fibers has varying effects according to the region and etiology of the pain. It inhibits post-surgical extra-cephalic mechanical allodynia but worsens cephalic mechanical allodynia. However, deletion of C-IB4 fibers has no effect on inflammatory extra-cephalic mechanical allodynia but worsens inflammatory cephalic mechanical allodynia bilaterally.In conclusion, our results show for the first time that identical etiologies induce pain symptoms having different characteristics depending on the injured bodily region. These differences are due to the different involvement of non-peptiderdic primary afferents in the physiopathology of cephalic and extra-cephalic mechanical allodynia. These results partly explain the differences in epidemiology according to territories and offer new perspectives for understanding the pathophysiology of cephalic and extra-cephalic pain and the development of specific therapeutics
14
Li, Yunxiang. "Modification of zeolites and synthesis of SAPO-templated carbon". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141834.
Abstract (sommario):
Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with diverse structures and uniform porosities. They are widely used as catalysts, adsorbents and ion-exchangers in industry. Direct or post modifications optimize the performance of zeolites for different applications. In this thesis, IZM-2 and TON-type zeolites were synthesized, modified and studied. In addition, FAU-type zeolite and silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) molecular sieves were applied as templates for the preparation of microporous carbons. In the first part of this thesis, the IZM-2 zeolite with an unknown structure was synthesized. We focused on the increasing the secondary porosity and the varied framework compositions upon post modifications. The structure determination of this IZM-2 zeolite was hindered by the small size of crystals. In the second part of this thesis, the synthesis composition was directly modified in order to increase the crystal sizes. IZM-2 crystals were enlarged by excluding the aluminium atoms from the framework. The micropores of the obtained pure-silica polymorphs were activated by ion-exchanging alkali-metal ions with protons. Typically, TON-type zeolites that are synthesized at hydrothermal conditions under stirring have needle-shaped crystals. In the third part of this thesis, snowflake-shaped aggregates were produced by using static hydrothermal conditions for the synthesis of TON-type zeolites. The effects of synthesis parameters on the growth and morphology of crystals were discussed in detail. In the last part of this thesis, microporous carbons with a structural regularity were prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of propylene using a silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-37) template. Compared to the conventional zeolite templates, the SAPO template could be removed under mild conditions, without using hydrofluoric acid, and the generated carbons had a large specific surface area and a high fraction of ultrasmall micropores.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Mohammed, Zuhura. "Crisis Communication and Management using SocialMedia: a Crisis Response to Ethiopian Airlines ET302 Crash". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85637.
Abstract (sommario):
On the Sunday 10th of March 2019 Nairobi-bound Boeing 737MAX8 Flight ET302 of EthiopianAirlines plunge in to the ground and kills all 157 passengers onboard. Consequently, the accidenttook attention of international media and people around the world. This study therefore aims atinvestigating the communication strategies employed by EAL when managing ET302 planecrash and various issues associated with the crash using the two stages of crisis management. Toachieve the purpose, Nethnography and CDA methods were employed. To analyze thecommunication strategies SCCT was used. Accordingly, it was found out that, EAL highlyapplied “apology”, “shifting blame”, and “corrective action” strategies in its crisiscommunication via Facebook and Twitter pages. Additionally, the fairly immediate responsesgiven to each issue, the media monitoring system and the empathetic approach contributed to thegood crisis management. The study also finds out that more attention was given to the Twitterand updates were faster than the Facebook page. The study concludes that previous good imageof EAL plays a significant role to the impact a crisis would have in addition to its effective crisismanagement via social media. Finally, it’s recommended that EAL should communicate moreefficiently on its Facebook page to uplift its accomplishments and meet its online publics in awide range.
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Bessaoud-Alonso, Patricia. "Les enjeux éducatifs des mémoires algériennes coloniales et post-coloniales : fabrication et construction des subjectivités". Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/140534695#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
Au cours de ce travail de thèse, je me suis efforcée de démontrer que les processus de construction des mémoires algériennes coloniales et post coloniales sont à la fois des constructions sociales et des constructions subjectives qui s'élaborent dans une interpénétration du collectif, du familial et de l'individuel. J'ai, pour ce faire, choisi d'étudier le processus de construction d'une mémoire coloniale en m'appuyant sur les populations de l'Algérie coloniale et en explicitant comment elles se sont vues assigner une place. Les individus sont alors entrés dans des catégories qui ont balisé leurs vies et celles de leur descendance en produisant des effets sur leur construction sociale et psychique à travers la dénégation, la falsification et le silence. Dans cette optique, j'ai voulu saisir quels avaient été les dispositifs les plus prégnants, à savoir la mise en œuvre d'une ségrégation raciale par un arsenal législatif et réglementaire : décret Crémieux, code de l'indigènat et loi de naturalisation automatique de 1889, enfin institution d'une instruction séparée avec la création d'une école spécifique aux indigènes. Puis, je me suis attachée à définir la notion de mémoire, notion polysémique, dans un cadre d'analyse théorique s'appuyant sur une sociologie clinique et compréhensive mais également socio-historique, ayant opté pour une méthodologie croisée. Ainsi à l'aide d'archives publiques, privées, familiales, d'entretiens non-directifs, de nombreuses observations de type ethnographiques, j'ai tenté de comprendre comment se fabriquaient et se falsifiaient les mémoires collectives et familiales à travers l'histoire d'une famille, mon terrain d'enquête, de la fin du 19ème siècle à nos jours. J'ai entrepris de démontrer que la mémoire des Hommes n'était pas l'histoire des Hommes, mais qu'au cœur de ces interrogations surgit celle de l'identité, en particulier l'identité première celle du nom donné que j'ai qualifié de patronyme empêchant, et par rebond toutes les injonctions actuelles sur le travail de mémoire, le devoir de mémoire et la repentance. La mémoire résiste à la polysémie et à une définition non partagée. Sans doute parce qu'elle fait sens pour l'individu dans la mise en récit du passé et dans sa propre appropriation du temps et de l'espaceIn this PHD thesis, I tried to show that the process of building up colonial and post-colonial Algerian memories are, both, social and subjective constructions that develop thanks to the social group, the family and the individual. For this purpose, I have chosen to study the construction process of a colonial memory through the populations of the colonial Algeria and to explain how they were assigned a special place. Individuals have then entered categories that have marked out their lives and those of their descendants, causing effects on their social and psychic construction through denial, active falsification and silence. In this perspective, I wanted to find out what the most important and pregnant devices had been : that is to say the implementation of racial segregation by a system of laws and rules : Crémieux decree, native code and 1889 direct naturalization law, and then establishing of separated instruction with the creation of specific schools for natives. Then I tried to define the notion of memory, which is a polysemic notion, in a theoretical analysis relying on comprehensive and clinical sociology as well as on historic sociology, opting for a crossing methodology. Thus, thanks to public, private and family files and thanks to informal interviews and many ethnographic observations, I tried to understand how, through a family history (which is the topic of my investigation), from the end of the 19th century to nowadays, collective and family memories were made up and falsified. My goal was then to prove that men's memory was not men's history, but that among these questions, the question of identity arises and consequently all the current injunctions about remembrance and repentance. Memory resists, it resists polysemy and a non common definition. Probably because memory makes sense for the individual in their writing of the past and in their own appropriation of time and space
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Dimitriou, Stéphanos. "Le conflit de la modernité : formes et limites de la critique post-moderne de la raison". Paris 8, 1998. http://octaviana.fr/document/184742641#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
Afin de faire face aux exigences modernes et de prouver qu'elles sont des illusions, la pensee post-moderne se refugic obligatoirement dans l'usage des criteres moraux qu'en realite elle dedaigne et n'insere pas dans son arsenal conceptuel. L'argument' a propos du piege conservateur sense etre' a la base de l'idee du progres devoile simplement le noyau essentialiste de la pensee post-moderne, car, pour que la transformation puisse etre caracterisee comme illusion, il faut bien que celui qui la caracterise ainsi dispose egalement la cle de l'authenticite, a savoir de connaitre l'essence de la transformation vraie et de former l'image normative d'un monde capable de contenir une existence authentique qui soit conciliee avec son essencePostmodernism -in order to prove that modern demands are self - delusions- is obliged to resort to the use and selective projection of moral criteria. However, according to its declarations, postmodernism rejects moral criteria and does not include them in this ideological and conceptional armament of its arguments. The assertion that modernity is incircled in the idea of progress reveals essensialist core of post-modernism. Because, only the one who knows the concept of authenticity, that is, who knows the meaning of real change and have formed the image of a world able to include an authentic existence reconceled to its essence, can characterize a change as self-delusion
18
Marton, Zsolt. "Populism and the refugee crisis - The communication of the Hungarian government on the European refugee crisis in 2015-2016". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22148.
Abstract (sommario):
The European refugee crisis sparked many debates within the European Union member states, as European countries had different ideas about handling the situation. As a result to the long negotiations without decisions, the crisis escalated, resulting in anti-immigrant, populist parties to emerge with big support among European citizens.The Hungarian government was among the first countries in the European Union to capitalise upon the refugee crisis by politicising the question of immigration, therefore, several anti-immigration campaigns were initiated in Hungary during 2015 and 2016.By analysing and comparing two campaign materials (one from 2015 and one from 2016) via the three-dimensional critical discourse analysis model of Fairclough, the thesis sought to identify the milestones and the rhetoric shifts of the communication of the Hungarian government that changed the public discourse in Hungary, as well as to point out similarities with populist practices in the anti-immigrant campaigns. The empirical analysis was carried out in the theoretical framework of discourse and power, populism, post-factuality, and agenda setting and framing.The text argued for a rhetorical shift between 2015 and 2016, in which the target of the governmental communication changed from refugees towards the European Union and its immigration policy. The thesis found evidence for the usage of populist practices that vastly affected the way Hungarians approach the question of immigration.It is hoped that this thesis could highlight the imbalance in the power relations of the public discourse in Hungary, and the findings could contribute to further analyses of populist campaigns in the period of the European refugee crisis.
19
Renström, Caroline. "Discourses in the News : The Case of Occupy Wall Street in the New York Times and the New York Post". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-88181.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper adopts a critical discourse analysis approach in order to identify and contrast the representation of the Occupy Wall Street movement in the New York Post and the New York Times. Occupy Wall Street was a protest movement against greed and financial and social inequality that started in Zuccotti Park in New York City in 2011. News media and its institutional media discourse have a power to influence people in terms of what they talk about and how they talk about it. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to make it transparent on a linguistic level that newspapers have an ability to create different discursive realities of the Occupy Wall Street movement through their language use. This is done by analysing news articles written on the same dates about the Occupy Wall Street protest in the New York Times and the New York Post using the tools global coherence, transitivity, and lexical categorisation. Results showed that in the articles in the New York Post the city represents the in-group, ‘us’, while the protesters represent the out-group, ‘them’. The repression of ‘them’, the protesters, is desired by the city that represents ‘us’. In the articles in the New York Times, on the other hand, the group of protesters is the in-group that is polarised with the police. Both the New York Times and the New York Post produce discourses where the protesters are incapable of achieving any real political or social change.
20
Walker-Morrison, Deborah. "Auto-réflexivité et construction de la subjectivité dans le cinéma français contemporain (Alain Resnais)". Paris 8, 2001. https://octaviana.fr/document/181401274#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
A travers l'oeuvre d'Alain Resnais (1922- ), la thèse examine la place et l'évolution de l'auto-réflexivité par rapport à la construction de la subjectivité dans la cinéma français contemporain, de 1958 à nos jours. La première partie en pose les paramètres théoriques, leur application au cinéma ainsi que l'évolution de la théorie. Les deux parties suivantes analysent l'oeuvre par rapport aux options théoriques précédemment énoncées, en partant du dernier film On connaît la chanson (1997) dont l'analyse permet de poser les jalons de l'étude. Si Resnais a été retenu comme opérateur, c'est qu'il est l'un des rares réalisateurs français à pratiquer, depuis plus de 50 ans, un cinéma anti-naturaliste et auto-réflexif dans le contexte du cinéma commercial. . .
21
Beaslas, Olivier. "DÉTECTION DES LIPIDES ALIMENTAIRES SOUS FORME DE COMPLEXES MICELLAIRES PAR LES ENTÉROCYTES". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811592.
Abstract (sommario):
L'intestin assure l'absorption des lipides alimentaires et doit faire face aux variations d'apport en lipides, entre les périodes inter-prandiales et post-prandiales. J'ai donc étudié dans les cellules Caco-2/TC7, la réponse des entérocytes à différents modes d'apports en lipides. Par une approche transcriptomique, j'ai montré que les lipides modulent l'expression de nombreux gènes entérocytaires. Les profils géniques obtenus diffèrent entre l'apport luminal ou sérique en lipides. La comparaison des apports apicaux de micelles inter- ou post-prandiales (MPP) a montré que les MPP modulent spécifiquement l'expression de 46 gènes majoritairement impliqués dans la transduction de signaux, le métabolisme lipidique, et l'architecture cellulaire. Ces résultats, s'ajoutant aux effets spécifiques des MPP obtenus dans l'équipe, suggéraient une détection entérocytaire des lipides alimentaires apportés par ces MPP. J'ai alors montré que les MPP se lient à une protéine dont le poids moléculaire correspond à celui du récepteur SR-BI, induisant sa clusterisation à la membrane apicale et son adressage vers les rafts. Seules les MPP induisent, le trafic de l'apoB, de la membrane apicale vers les compartiments sécrétoires et l'activation de kinases. Ces effets sont abolis quand SR-BI est bloqué par un de ses ligands ou invalidé par ARN interférence. Ces travaux montrent pour la première fois que les entérocytes sont capables de détecter spécifiquement les lipides alimentaires sous forme micellaire. Cette détection implique SR-BI et induit des voies de signalisation aboutissant à la mise en place de paramètres morphologiques et fonctionnels nécessaires au transfert des lipides alimentaires.
22
Roubertie, Lorraine. "La transmission du jazz en Afrique du Sud : penser l'héritage d'un enseignement inégalitaire dans le contexte post-apartheid : l'exemple du Western Cape". Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/172295378#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
Depuis plus d’un siècle, l’Afrique du Sud est le lieu d’une réappropriation de l’idiome jazzistique singulière et autonome qui se joue en milieu populaire urbain, au sein des populations victimes de l’oppression raciale. Ce processus d’acculturation s’effectue sur un plan musical aussi bien que symbolique, le jazz représentant un modèle de contre-modernité non-blanche. Avec la fin de l’apartheid, cette musique a changé de statut tout en continuant d’être investie de valeurs spécifiques qui accompagnent la période de reconstruction de l’Afrique du Sud. Aujourd’hui, de nouvelles questions se posent aux jeunes générations de musiciens face à l’uniformisation culturelle planétaire perçue comme une nouvelle menace de dissolution identitaire. Des questions qui se traduisent notamment par la tentation d’un retour aux racines, la nostalgie d’un âge d’or mythique de la création non-blanche, ou la volonté de dépasser l’imaginaire de l’apartheid. Tâchant d’éclairer ces mécanismes psycho-sociaux et leurs « traductions » musicales, la thèse interroge et analyse les processus de transmission du jazz dans l’Afrique du Sud post-apartheid. Deux grandes questions sont envisagées : d’une part, quelles sont les méthodes utilisées dans ce contexte très particulier pour enseigner une musique qui se caractérise par l’improvisation et le traitement souple des règles musicales ? d’autre part, que signifie enseigner une musique dénommée jazz dans l’Afrique du Sud des années 2000 et, plus spécifiquement, quelles sont les constructions identitaires qui sont attachées à l’idée de jazz, tout particulièrement lorsqu’on parle de jazz sud-africain, voire de Cape jazz ?For more than a century South Africa has been a place where the jazz idiom has been re-appropriated by specific and autonomous means. This exists in urban popular contexts, where people were subjected to racial oppression. This acculturation process happens both at musical and symbolical level, jazz being a model of a non-white counter-modernity. This music status has evolved after the end of apartheid, but it still carries some specific values that accompany the period of reconstruction of the country. Today, new questions arise for the new generations of musicians who face a global cultural standardisation which is seen as a new identity dissolution threat. These questions result sometimes in the temptation to go back to the roots, the nostalgia of a mythic golden age of non-white creation, or in the will to exceed apartheid’s imaginary. This thesis tries to shed light on these psycho-social mechanisms and their musical expressions. It questions and analyses jazz education processes in post-apartheid South Africa. Its two central questions ask the following: firstly, what are the methods used in this very specific context to teach a music which is characterized by improvisation and flexible handling of musical rules? Secondly, what does it mean to teach a music named jazz in South Africa in the 2000s, more specifically, what kind of identity constructions are attached to the idea of jazz, particularly when one speaks of South African jazz, or even of Cape Jazz?
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Bertrand, Éric. "Apprendre de l'expérience à La Poste : vers un dialogisme expérientiel entre coformation instrumentale et autoformation émancipatrice". Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/137813082#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
La question posée dans cette thèse vise à comprendre les rapports existants entre apprentissage expérientiel et organisationnel au sein de La Poste Française. Le champ théorique mobilise la théorie de la transformation des apprentissages (Mezirow 1991) et la théorie de l'apprentissage organisationnel (Argyris, 1995). Dans cette double optique, l'apprentissage expérientiel participe à la production de biens et de services mais aussi la production de soi dans un dialogisme expérientiel qui articule des visées et des moyens antagonistes. Notre méthode mêle plusieurs approches ; 1) L'enquête organisationnelle. 2) Une participation observante à travers l'analyse des activités langagières et des interactions en formation dans l'expérimentation de deux formations réflexives. L'étude de celles-ci montre l'émergence de médiations par des acteurs tiers qui exercent une expertise sociale. Cette expertise consiste à produire une intercompréhension par laquelle les sujets peuvent participer selon leurs ressources au procès de communication. Des formes de formation de soi pour soi, avec et pour les autres s'articulent en produisant des logiques instrumentales et émancipatrices. Le dialogisme expérientiel tient alors dans le mouvement de convergence ou de divergence de trois principales dimensions de l'expérience (sujet, groupe organisation) et de leurs composantes (réservoirs de savoirs, épreuves vécues et projet)The question is to understand the meaning, and the development and transformation of processes of the experience inside the Post Office. The theoretical field mobilizes the theory of the transformation of trainings according (Mezirow, 1991) and the theory of organisational training (Argyris, 1995). From this double viewpoint, experiencing learning takes part in the production of goods and services as well as self-production based upon an experimental dialogism articulating antagonistic aims and means. Our method combines several approaches ; 1) the organisational investigation, 2) the observing participation throughout the analysis of the linguistic activities and the interactions of training dealing with the experiment of two reflexive courses. The two studied experiments show the emergence of mediation by a third party performing a social expertise. The latter consisting in producing a mutual understanding through which people can take part, according to their resources, to a communication trial. Ways of training for oneself, with and for others, link together according to instrumental and liberated logics through rational dialogue. Experiencing dialogism then holds in the way of convergence or divergence of three main dimensions of the interdependent experiment (subject, group, organization) and their components (pools of knowledge, tests and project)
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Hadley, David P. ""A Rising Clamor": The American Press, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Cold War". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437567110.
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Caplain, Sophie. "Traumatismes cranio-cérébraux "légers" : identification de marqueurs prédictifs précoces d'un syndrome post-traumatique pérsistant : étude multi-axiale des facteurs psychologiques, neuropsychologiques et neuro-anatomiques". Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/188211551#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Abstract (sommario):
Le traumatisme crânio-cérébral léger (TCCL) représente 80% des traumatismes crânio-cérébraux. Bien que son pronostic soit généralement favorable, 15 % des TCCL vont avoir un syndrome post-traumatique persistant (SPT persistant) touchant l'ensemble des domaines cognitifs, somatiques, de l'humeur, du comportement et de la qualité de vie. L'origine et les mécanismes de ces troubles sont encore mal connus et il est encore difficile de prévenir précocement leur chronicité. Nos objectifs sont d'approfondir nos connaissances sur le SPT et de tenter de repérer le plus tôt possible les sujets TCCL à risque d’évolution défavorable. Nous avons donc réalisé 2 études longitudinales sur des échantillons de sujets TCCL et évalué à la phase précoce (entre 8 et 21 jours) et à la phase tardive (à 3 et 6 mois) du traumatisme les aspects neuropsychologiques, psychologiques et anatomo-fonctionnels. 2 sous-groupes ont ensuite été déterminés à la phase tardive, en fonction de leur évolution, sur la base du critère principal "plaintes" (groupe d'évolution favorable et défavorable). Nos résultats montrent des différences significatives (p<. 05), dès la phase précoce, entre le groupe EF et ED, marquées par des atteintes plus nombreuses et plus intenses dans le groupe ED sur l'ensemble des domaines explorés. Ces troubles sont principalement repérables par des plaintes plus nombreuses et un degré de gêne supérieur, une humeur anxieuse primaire marquée, une qualité de vie significativement réduite et des atteintes axonales diffuses. Ces résultats peuvent ouvrir sur de nouvelles perspectives de diagnostic et de prise en charge multi-axiales des blessés TCCL à risque d'évolution défavorableThe mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents 80 % of all the traumatic head injuries. Even though the prognosis is generally favourable, 15 % of the mTBI is going to suffer from post-traumatic syndrom (persistent PTS) involving all the cognitive, somatic, mood and behaviour and the quality of life domains. The origin and the mechanisms of these disorders are still poorly known and it is still difficult to prevent prematurely their chronicity. Our objectives are to extend our knowledge on the PTS and to try to distinguish as soon as possible the mTBI subjects who carry a risk of unfavourable evolution. We conducted 2 prospective and longitudinal studies on samples of subjects mTBI and estimated at the early phase (Between 8 and 21 days) and at the late phase (in 3 and 6 months) of the trauma the neuropsychological, psychological and anatomo-functional aspects. 2 subgroups were then determined during the late phase, according to their evolution, on the basis of the main criterion "complaints" (favourable evolution group and unfavourable). Our results show significant differences (p <. 05), from the early phase, between the group FE and UE, marked by several and more intense disorders to group UE on all the investigated domains. These disorders are mainly detectable by more complaints and a higher level of disturbance, a marked primary anxious mood, a level of quality of life significantly reduced as well as traumatic axonal injuries. These results can lead to new perspectives of diagnosis and of the clinical management with a pluridimensionnal approach of the mTBI persons at risk of unfavourable evolution
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Magalh??es, Vanessa de P??dua Rios. "A efic??cia interna dos tratados internacionais de direitos humanos: a posi????o do STF em face da aplica????o do Pacto de S??o Jos?? da Costa Rica". Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2012. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2298.
Abstract (sommario):
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This dissertation has as its theme the internal effectiveness of international treaties on human rights. It analyses the perception of the Brazilian judiciary in relation to the application of international protection to those rights in order to verify the degree of efficacy attached to them, specifically those such as the Pact of S??o Jos?? da Costa Rica, were ratified before the Constitutional Amendment 45, when no special quorum was required for their entry into force. With the addition of ?? 3 of art. 5 of the CF, the human rights treaties have been given the status of constitutional provision, but controversies have arisen about the effectiveness of those signed before this constitutional amendment. The Supreme Court has changed their understanding on the hierarchy of such international agreements, developing the thesis that testified to his status as the common law to the current law, which gives them the standard of supra-legal status, therefore under the Federal Constitution, but above the ordinary laws. By the year 2006, the Supreme Court considered that international treaties held the status of ordinary law. The judgments delivered from 2006 divided the plenary of the Supreme Court in two main streams: one that gives human rights treaties ratified before EC/45 standard of supra-legal status and another that claims that they hold the status of constitutional law, according to what was already at its disposal in ?? 2 of art. 5 of the CF, which was already inserted in such treaties called constitutional block. Winning the first stream, by a majority of one (1) vote, it is observed that there is possibility of reversing the current situation and thus in future, to be winning the thesis that gives human rights treaties, whether ratified before EC/45 or after that, the effectiveness of the constitutional provision. The recognition by Brazil of the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has influence in the highest degree of effectiveness of internal human rights treaties.
Esta disserta????o tem como tema a efic??cia interna dos tratados internacionais de direitos humanos. Analisa a percep????o do Poder Judici??rio brasileiro em rela????o ?? aplica????o dos instrumentos internacionais de prote????o a esses direitos, a fim de verificar o grau de efic??cia que lhes ?? conferido, especificamente aqueles que, como o Pacto de S??o Jos?? da Costa Rica, foram ratificados antes da Emenda Constitucional 45, quando n??o se exigia quorum especial para sua entrada em vigor. Com o acr??scimo do ?? 3?? ao art. 5?? da CF, os tratados de direitos humanos passaram a ter o status de norma constitucional, mas surgiram controv??rsias acerca da efic??cia daqueles firmados antes da referida emenda constitucional. O Supremo Tribunal Federal vem mudando seu entendimento acerca da hierarquia de tais acordos internacionais, evoluindo da tese que atestava seu status de lei ordin??ria ?? tese atual, que lhes confere status de norma supralegal, estando, portanto, abaixo da Constitui????o Federal, mas acima das leis ordin??rias. At?? o ano de 2006, o STF entendia que os tratados internacionais detinham o status de lei ordin??ria. Os julgamentos proferidos a partir de 2006 dividiram o plen??rio do STF em duas principais correntes: uma que confere aos tratados de direitos humanos ratificados antes da EC/45 o status de norma supralegal e outra que defende que os mesmos det??m o status de norma constitucional, a teor do que j?? dispunha o ?? 2?? do art. 5?? da CF, o qual j?? inseria tais tratados no chamado bloco de constitucionalidade. Vencedora a primeira corrente, pela maioria de 1 (um) voto, observa-se que h?? possibilidade de reverter-se o atual quadro e, assim, no futuro, ser vencedora a tese que confere aos tratados de direitos humanos, sejam estes ratificados antes ou ap??s a EC/45, a efic??cia de norma constitucional. O reconhecimento, pelo Brasil, da jurisdi????o da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos tem influ??ncia no maior grau de efic??cia interna dos tratados de direitos hmanos.
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Calvosa, Marcello Vinicius D?ria. "Um Modelo Atual de Lideran?a entre os Estudantes de Administra??o da UFRRJ: estudo explorat?rio sobre a posi??o credora / devedora da rela??o l?der-seguidor". Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/955.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-13The leader of century XXI, according to main theoreticians, searches an identity, strategical vision and sensitivity to share values with all proper the members of the company. This work had as objective main to identify if a deserving position in its model of leadership exists in the students of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, from existing intertime exchanges between the leader and its followers, making possible the bond between these and justifying the power of influence of those. For such a research of the descriptive type was carried through. One searched to identify the deserving position of the followers in relation to the leader, to leave of these existing intertime exchanges. It s necessary that the differentiation of the leaders and the controlling, in the companies, either made not only in function of the positions that occupy, but in result of the real capacity that has to influence the people and to give to the collaborator, an eager participant of intertime exchanges, values to which, this can be grasped. This exchange is present in many dimensions of the practical life, without that the people, many times, if give account of this. Always that hand of some thing in the gift in favor of some thing in the future confides, assumes a creditor position, position this based by an idea of sacrifices gifts in favor of future benefits. The leader works with common people and gets resulted extraordinary with these people, therefore she knows that its vision will become reality if the change in that direction will be made with the adhesion and the contribution of each participant of the team. Leadership is a choice, does not want to say position, privileges, headings or money, but, however, means responsibility. A group of students of business of the research showed to possess a creditor position as initially suggested.
O l?der do s?culo XXI, segundo os principais te?ricos do assunto, busca uma identidade pr?pria, vis?o estrat?gica e a sensibilidade de compartilhar valores com todos os membros da empresa. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal identificar se existe nos estudantes de Administra??o da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro uma posi??o credora em seu modelo de lideran?a, a partir de trocas intertemporais existentes entre o l?der e seus seguidores, possibilitando o v?nculo entre estes e justificando o poder de influ?ncia daqueles. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo descritiva. Buscou-se identificar a posi??o credora dos seguidores em rela??o ao l?der, a partir destas trocas intertemporais existentes. Torna-se necess?rio que a diferencia??o dos l?deres e dos gerentes, nas empresas, seja feita n?o apenas em fun??o dos cargos que ocupam, mas em decorr?ncia da real capacidade que t?m de influenciar as pessoas e dar ao colaborador, um ?vido part?cipe de trocas intertemporais, valores aos quais este possa se agarrar. Esta troca est? presente em muitas dimens?es da vida pr?tica, sem que as pessoas, muitas vezes, se d?em conta disto. Sempre que se abre m?o de alguma coisa no presente em prol de alguma coisa no futuro, assume-se uma posi??o credora, posi??o esta fundamentada por uma id?ia de sacrif?cios presentes em prol de benef?cios futuros. O l?der trabalha com pessoas comuns e obt?m resultados extraordin?rios com essas pessoas, pois sabe que sua vis?o se tornar? realidade se a mudan?a naquela dire??o for feita com a ades?o e a contribui??o de cada participante da equipe. Lideran?a ? uma escolha, n?o quer dizer posi??o, privil?gios, t?tulos ou dinheiro, mas, entretanto, significa responsabilidade. Um grupo de estudantes de administra??o da pesquisa mostrou possuir uma posi??o credora como inicialmente sugerido.
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Jacon, Maria do Carmo Moreira. "Base Qualis: uso e qualidade dos peri?dicos cient?ficos no Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas (1997-2002)". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2006. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/763.
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Previous issue date: 2006-08-02The present research, of exploratory nature, aims at verifying whether the Qualis base, once implemented, has led to the use of thejournals classified herein, especially the ones of A concept, published nationwide. For that aim, we have defined, as the object of study, Qualis journals in Psychology, and as the context, the Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas (Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas Psychology Post-Graduation Program). The universe we have researched composed of a sample of thesis and dissertations claimed between 1997-2002 and a population of mastering and doctorate people enrolled in the Program. The methodological procedures employed herein are the citation analysis and questionnaire application. The analysis of results has shown that a maximum grade does not necessarily lead to effective use. Therefore, it is concluded that consensus (pair evaluation) on which the base is laid does not reflect on the consensus of the segments (professors and alumni) at the Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas Psychology Post-Graduation Program, in the aforementioned period. The present investigation contributes to reflexion about the methodology used for qualifying journals as scientific assessment instrument for postgraduation programs, as well as it opens understanding possibilities to Qualis base from its use; that is necessarily integrated in the referencial knowledge set which is present in postgraduation formation
A presente pesquisa, de natureza explorat?ria, objetiva verificar se a base Qualis, uma vez implementada induziu o uso dos peri?dicos nela melhor classificados, especialmente peri?dicos de conceito A, de abrang?ncia Nacional. Para tal objetivo, definiu-se como objeto de estudo peri?dicos Qualis da ?rea de Psicologia e como contexto o Programa de P?s- Gradua??o em Psicologia da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas. O universo pesquisado constou de uma amostra de teses e disserta??es defendidas no per?odo 1997- 2002 e uma popula??o de mestrandos e doutorandos matriculados no referido Programa. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos empregados foram a t?cnica de an?lise de cita??o e aplica??o de question?rio. A an?lise dos resultados apontou que a atribui??o de conceito m?ximo n?o induz necessariamente o uso efetivo. Conclui-se a partir desse fato que o consenso (avalia??o pelos pares) que fundamenta a base n?o se reflete no consenso dos segmentos (docentes e discentes) do Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, no per?odo assinalado. A presente investiga??o contribui para uma reflex?o sobre a metodologia utilizada para classifica??o de peri?dicos como instrumento de avalia??o cient?fica dos programas de p?s-gradua??o e abre possibilidades de entendimento da base Qualis a partir do seu uso, o que necessariamente a integra no conjunto referencial do conhecimento presente na forma??o em p?s-gradua??o
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Gurgel, Silvana Praxedes de Paiva. "Evolu??o morfotect?nica do maci?o estrutural pereiro, Prov?ncia Borborema". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18364.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-06Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
The Northeast relief was described by the Pediplanation Model. This action discards the theoretical basis of post-Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the landscape. Through this model the Massif Pereiro - MP, Borborema Province, was established as part of the Tablelands Area Residual Sertanejos. The present work aims to establish the post- Cretaceous morphotectonic evolution of the MP by geomorphological and geological mapping using Geographic Information System, Remote Sensing and dating of sediments by Single Aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR). The MP is contained in the core semi-arid, annual precipitation of 600-800 mm / year. The MP is NE-SW, is limited by Shear Zone Jaguaribe (ZCJ) and Portalegre Shear Zone (ZCPa), the same attitude, and crossed by several other shear zones. These shear zones show evidence of brittle Cenozoic reactivation, mostly as normal faults and shallow crustal level. The Quaternary sedimentation around the MP focuses on fault escarpments in a general pattern cascade, where ages decrease from the summits of the steep foothills. The ages of 51 sediment samples indicate a correlation with global climate following pulses: Last Interestadial-UI, the Last Glacial Maximum - LGM and the transition Pleistocene / Holocene, while the latter focus on 18 of 51 samples dated. This study also finds evidence of a new quaternary basin, here called Merejo Basin. Through these results it is concluded that no evidence of post-Cretaceous tectonic evolution of morphological MP, as their retreat along the fault scarps, invariably following the trend of the shear zones. The erosion of cliffs in large time scale is controlled by weakness zones generated by faults on the other hand the erosion of cliffs in short time, with the formation of deposits and colluvial horizons pedogenizados, has climate control. It was also found that in the study area there is a preponderance of past and current tectonic erosion processes on the morphological evolution
O relevo do Nordeste foi descrito por meio do modelo de pediplana??o. Esta base te?rica descarta a atua??o da tect?nica p?s-cret?cea na evolu??o da paisagem. Atrav?s deste modelo o Maci?o do Pereiro MP, Prov?ncia Borborema, foi definido como parte do Dom?nio dos Planaltos Residuais Sertanejos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer a evolu??o morfotect?nica p?s-cret?cea do MP, atrav?s da cartografia geol?gica e geomorfol?gica com uso de Sistema de Informa??o Geogr?fica, Sensoriamento Remoto e data??o de sedimentos por Single Aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR). O MP est? contido no n?cleo semi?rido, de precipita??o anual entre 600 a 800 mm/ano. O MP tem dire??o NE-SW, ? limitado pela Zona de Cisalhamento de Jaguaribe (ZCJ) e Zona de Cisalhamento Portalegre (ZCPa), de mesma atitude, e atravessado por v?rias outras zonas de cisalhamento. Estas zonas de cisalhamento apresentam evid?ncias de reativa??o fr?gil cenozoica, na sua maioria como falhas normais e de n?vel crustal raso. A sedimenta??o quatern?ria em torno do MP se concentra em escarpas de falhas, em um padr?o geral em cascata, onde as idades diminuem das cimeiras aos sop?s das escarpas. As idades de 51 amostras de sedimentos indicam correla??o com seguintes pulsos clim?ticos globais: ?ltimo Interestadial- UI, o ?ltimo M?ximo Glacial - UMG e a transi??o Pleistoceno/Holoceno, sendo que nesta ?ltima concentram-se 18 das 51 amostras datadas. O presente trabalho tamb?m encontra evid?ncias de uma nova bacia quatern?ria, aqui denominada de Bacia Merejo. Atrav?s destes resultados conclui-se que h? evidencia de tect?nica p?s-cret?cea na evolu??o morfol?gica do MP, pois as suas escarpas recuam paralelamente ?s falhas, seguindo invariavelmente o trend das zonas de cisalhamento. A eros?o das escarpas em grande escala de tempo ? controlada pelas zonas de fraqueza geradas pelos falhamentos, por outro lado ? eros?o das escarpas em curtos espa?os de tempos, com a forma??o dos dep?sitos coluvionares e horizontes pedogenizados, possui controle clim?tico. Concluise ainda que na ?rea de estudo haja a preponder?ncia da tect?nica pret?rita e atual sobre os processos erosivos na evolu??o morfol?gica
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Otáhalová, Veronika. "Ex-post evaluace investičních projektů v mikroregionech Hustopečsko a Hodonínsko". Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-91695.
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Pan, Shao-chuan, e 潘少川. "The CIA in the Post-Cold War Era: Mission and Purpose". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41901780135744643383.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士淡江大學
美國研究所
85
Based on the analytical framework provided by System Theory of David Easton, this thesis is designed to define the proper mission and purpose of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency in the Post-Cold War era. The research concludesthat intelligence organizations in a democratic society, when facing drasticchanges from internal and external environment, have to respond timely to thedemands and make necessary adjustments in order to maintain organizationalvalue and legitimacy. Intelligence organizations in a democratic society, suchas the CIA, can be defined as sub-systems of the general political system andtheir mission and purpose must be responsive to meet the demands or inputsfrom both domestic and international environment. The fact that the CIA mustfrequently take appropriate measures to cope with outside challenges alsorepresents an implementation of the concept of system balance in Easton''sSystem Theory. The world has not become a safer place despite the collapse ofthe Soviet empire. In light of the various new domestic and internationalchallenges in the Post-Cold War era, the CIA has to adjust its mission accord- ingly and pursue a more balancing approach between national security interestsand democratic values when conducting intelligence activities. These effortsare also aimed to further integrate the Agency into democratic mechanism withnecessary public support for its new mission and purpose in the Post-Cold Warera.
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Yang, Yi-Hong, e 楊翊弘. "An Edge-Preserving Signal-Correlation-Based (EP-SCB) Post-Processing Scheme for CFA Image". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z9y5zv.
Abstract (sommario):
博士國立交通大學
電信工程研究所
106
In this dissertation, we propose an edge-preserving(EP)-modified signal-correlation-based (SCB) post-processing, called EP-SCB, as an enhancement to any existing interpolation method. The proposed Bayer image reconstruction system thus consists of two operational phases. The first phase performs an initial estimation of the missing RGB colors by using an existing interpolation method, while the second phase applies EP-SCB post-processing. Since a certain class of images may not fulfill the premise of having small variations in local color difference, which is assumed by SCB-type interpolation, thereby resulting in a deterioration in composite peak signal-to-noise ratio (CPSNR) after EP-SCB post-processing, a threshold test on local variance ratio is also devised to conditionally switch off the second phase. Experimental results show that the EP-SCB post-processing with variance ratio test gives a worse average CPSNR than the original interpolation methods in none of the Kodak and IMAX image groups experimented.
33
Höll, Benedikt Simon Petrus. "Cultural NGO-interventions in post-conflict contexts: The case of the CLA in Cambodia (2009-2016)". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18852.
Abstract (sommario):
The genocide in Cambodia, that lasted from 1975 until 1979, caused by the Khmer Rouge,
left the Cambodian society completely devastated in a desolate state. The survivors of the
genocide had to cope with many problems ranging from material poverty to physical and
psychological injuries. In comparison to other conflicts, the most affected people during that
four-year period were intellectuals and educated people. As a consequence the country lost
90% of its artists and therefore its rich artistic culture.1 After the genocide, mostly in the early
1990s, Cambodia witnessed an influx of hundreds of non-governmental organizations.
Nowadays there are in total around 3.500 NGOs registered in the country.2 That means the
second highest number of NGOs per capita in the world after Rwanda.3 The NGOs came with
the aim to help the Cambodians in general, and genocide survivors in particular, in the course
of the signings of the Paris Peace Agreements on October 23rd 1991, to put the Cambodian
society back on its feet.4 The Paris Peace Agreements, which were signed by 19 governments,
offered a comprehensive political settlement aimed at ending the tragic conflict in Cambodia.5
This work therefore, is a Case Study, which seeks to investigate the role of one specific Non-
Governmental Organization (NGO) called Cambodian Living Arts. This NGO is working on
the continuity and preservation of Cambodia´s artistic cultural heritage. The investigation also
surveys the social and political background to the genocide. The assessment was carried out
through the analysis of the conducted interviews, which have been complemented with
secondary data from organizational project reports and websites related to that topic. One of
the major challenges of the Case Study will be, to connect my own primary research with the
broader theoretical themes of the existing literature.O genocídio no Camboja, que durou de 1975 a 1979, causado pelos Khmers Vermelhos, deixou a sociedade cambojana completamente devastada num estado de desolação. Os sobreviventes do genocídio tiveram de lidar com muitos problemas, desde a pobreza material às lesões físicas e psicológicas. Em comparação com outros conflitos, as pessoas mais afetadas durante esse período de quatro anos foram os intelectuais e as pessoas instruídas. Como consequência, o país perdeu 90% dos seus artistas, portanto, a sua rica cultura artística. Após o genocídio, principalmente no início da década de 90, o Camboja testemunhou um influxo de centenas de organizações não governamentais. Atualmente, existem no total cerca de 3.500 ONGs registadas no país. Isso significa o segundo maior número de ONGs per capita do mundo, depois do Ruanda. As ONGs vieram com o objetivo de ajudar os cambojanos, em geral, e os sobreviventes do genocídio em particular, no decurso da assinatura dos Acordos de Paz de Paris em 23 de outubro de 1991, a reconstruir a sociedade cambojana. Os Acordos de Paz de Paris, assinados por 19 governos, proporcionaram uma solução política global destinada a pôr termo ao trágico conflito no Camboja. Este trabalho, portanto, um Estudo de Caso, que procura investigar o papel de uma organização Não Governamental (ONG) específica denominada, Cambodian Living Arts. Esta ONG está a trabalhar na continuidade e preservação do património cultural artístico do Camboja. A investigação também examina os antecedentes sociais e políticos do genocídio. A avaliação foi efetuada através da análise das entrevistas realizadas, que foram complementadas com dados secundários de relatórios de projetos organizacionais e sites relacionados ao tema. Um dos maiores desafios do Estudo de Caso será correlacionar a minha própria pesquisa primária com os temas teóricos mais amplos da literatura existente.
34
Ling, Ching-Wen, e 林景文. "Risk Analysis of Big Four CPA Firms Clients Portfolios－The Observation from Pre- and Post-Procomp Event". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k4k53w.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士銘傳大學
會計學系碩士班
97
After the Procomp scandal, the official authorities sanction undutiful auditors and revise the Certified Public Accountant Act and Securities and Exchange Act which make auditors face increasing legal liability and litigation risk. Therefore, I use the Procomp event as the cutoff point to analyze changes in financial risk of Big 4 audit firm client portfolios over 2002-2005. The financial risk indicators developed by Altman(1983) and Zmijewski(1984) are used respectively, and Big 4 audit firm clients are also partitioned into continuing clients, new clients, and departing clients. The overall empirical results show that the financial risk of continuing clients decreases, while the financial risk of departing clients increases after the Procomp event. Further comparing the difference of financial risk among different client groups, I find that the financial risk of continuing clients and new clients are significantly lower than that of departing clients. However, I find no significant different financial risk between the continuing clients and new clients. I use individual big audit firm sample to rerun the regression and the results are similar.
35
SUN, JUI-FU, e 孫瑞甫. "Experiential marketing of Composite Restaurant and post-purchase regret: in example of Ten Ren TEA-CHA FOR TEA example". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47952795667552281732.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士中國文化大學
國際企業管理學系
101
This research question is discusses the experience marketing (experiential marketing) to buy after the compound expression dining consumer regretted (post-purchase regret) the relations, quotation of and the logical inference by way of the indirect literature, discovered both the relations have the necessity thousandth of a Yuan to be further clear. This research is penetrates the structural formula questionnaire (structured ques-tionnaire) a way, asks the outfield service personnel (field service personnel) to provide for dines consumer (consumer) help filling in to the shop in.Altogether estimated provides 400 questionnaire, in 5 Ten Ren TEA-CHA FOR TEA, please dine to the shop in the consumer and the product experience sells to this company meal after buys view of the regret, carries on fills in answers. The result this research discovery, the experience sells and expected loses ex-amines presents the negative relations; But expected loses examines after Post-purchase regret presents the negative relations, therefore this research deduction experience marketing after buys regretted presents the negative relations. But the related control variable, the policy-making invertibility, the commodity purchase achievements, the service recover and serve the quality, these control vari-able is for enable the questionnaire to have the letter validity establishment variable and the construction surface.
36
Burdíková, Hana. "Ex-post evaluace neinvestičních projektů z oblasti propagace v cestovním ruchu financovaných z ROP Jihovýchod". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-189910.
Abstract (sommario):
BURDÍKOVÁ, H. Ex-post evaluation of non-investment projects in the field of tourism promotion financed from ROP South-East. Thesis. Brno, 2015. This thesis is concerned with evaluation in conditions of EU Cohesion Policy. The subjects of evaluation are non-investment projects financed from the Regional Operational Programme South-East, whose implementation falls within the programming period 2007-2013. It was selected a sample of five projects, which are focused on the development and promotion of tourism in the South Moravian Region and the Region Vysočina. The theoretical part is devoted to literature review, which focuses firstly on the general definition of regional policy, its specific application in the European Union and the Czech Republic. After putting in this necessary context, it is proceeded to explain the concept of evaluation, especially the difference between program and project evaluation and detailed description of subsequent (ex-post) evaluation. The conclusion of this part is determination of procedure of ex-post evaluation, which the author observes in practical part of the thesis. This part is devoted to a brief description of selected projects and the establishment of evaluation questions, together with its own indicator system. Quantitative analysis of the data is done in consideration of the goals of the thesis, which is assessment of cost-effectiveness of projects through cost-utility method CEA. Its conclusions are complemented and explained using information from qualitative analysis - individual interviews with representatives of the grant recipients. The results of this analysis are used to answer a set of evaluation questions and also to perform comparisons using the benchmarking method. In the last part of the thesis are formulated suggestions and recommendations for improving cost-effectiveness and quality of the examined projects for the grant recipients and the managing authority of the operational program.
37
Silva, Michelle René Pamplona. "Adição de Ácido Linoleico conjugado (CLA) no diluidor de congelação de sémen de touro, recolhido Post-Mortem, das raças Holstein Frísia, Aberdeen Angus, Charolês e Limousine". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/3807.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação de Mestrado, Engenharia Zootécnica, 7 de Abril de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.O setor agro-pecuário tem uma grande importância a nível mundial e tem vindo a desenvolver-se levando os produtores, cada vez mais, a um maior profissionalismo e eficiência, havendo um maior investimento em tecnologias que incrementam os ganhos genéticos dos animais, sendo que a inseminação artificial, recorrendo a sémen congelado, uma ferramenta essencial em qualquer exploração de animais. Desta forma o objectivo deste trabalho foi adicionar ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA), em diferentes concentrações, (0, 100 e 200 µM) no diluidor de congelação de sémen de touro das raças Holstein Frísia, Aberdeen Angus, Charolês e Limousine e avaliar a motilidade espermática, a integridade dos acrossomas e a viabilidade do sémen antes e depois de congelar/descongelar. Para isso, foram recolhidos dezoito testículos de bovinos, das raças Holstein Frísia, Charolês, Limousine e Aberdeen Angus, para criopreservação de sémen obtido a partir do epidídimo. As análises laboratoriais avaliaram a motilidade por microscopia ótica de contraste de fase e por citometria de fluxo, a vitalidade e integridade da membrana plasmática (usando a técnica de coloração dupla com os fluorocromos PI e SYBR-14) e a vitalidade e integridade acrossómica (usando os fluorocromos PI e FITC-PSA). Para a análise estatística foi realizada uma análise de variância simples ANOVA, em que diferenças com P <0,05 foram consideradas significativas. [...]
ABSTRACT: The agricultural sector has a great importance worldwide, and has been developing, leading producers to greater professionalism and efficiency, increased investment in technologies that increase genetic gains of animals, while artificial insemination using frozen semen is considered an essential tool in any farm. The objective of this work was to add conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in different concentrations (0, 100 and 200 µM) of semen in the freezing dilutor of Holstein Frisian bull, Aberdeen Angus, Charolais and Limousine and evaluate sperm motility, acrosomes integrity and viability of the semen before and after freeze/thaw. For that, we collected eighteen bovine testicles of the Holstein Frisian, Charolais, Limousine and Aberdeen Angus, for cryopreservation of semen obtained from the epididymis. The laboratory tests have assessed the motility by optical phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry, the vitality and integrity of the plasma membrane (using the technique of double staining with fluorochromes PI and SYBR-14) and the vitality and acrosome integrity (using the PI fluorochromes and FITC-PSA). For statistical analysis was conducted a simple analysis of variance ANOVA, in which differences with P <0.05 were considered significant. [...]
38
Li, Su-Ghing, e 李甦清. "To disscuss fishing port efficiency using CGA security check data－a case study on typeⅠ fishing ports in the northern Taiwan". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84336187153330808284.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
環境生物與漁業科學學系
95
This study conducted a survey on four Type-I fishing ports in northern Taiwan by using in-port and out-port database (2005-2006) maintained in the Coast Guard Administration. We defined five indices, namely “Utility Rate”, “Activity Rate”, ”Weighted At-Sea Hour”, “Weighted Activity Rate”, “Catch Per Unit Boat”, with which the efficiency of the four ports were evaluated and compared. Nan-Fan-Ao with more than 40% of “Utility Rate” was the highest one among others. Pa-Tou-Tzu with 200% of “Activity Rate” and 1300% of ”Weighted At-Sea Hour” ranked in the first place, respectively. Nan-Fan-Ao performed best in terms of “Weighted Activity Rate” (over 400,000 standard hours). However, the highest “Catch Per Unit Boat” occurred in Hsin-Chu with more than 0.4 ton/standard hour. The reasons resulting in the variety of the indices among the ports were also analyzed and discussed. This study confirms that the five indices developed using CGA Security Check Database are helpful in fishing activity/port efficiency evaluation, although those vessels operating in foreign waters were not included. The five indices efined and computed can provide objective basis for making policy regarding fishery management, port construction, boat reduction, coast guard mission, fishery compensation and etc.
39
SBRANA, ALESSANDRO. "Faculty Development Centri di Professionalità Accademica (CPA)". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251175.
Abstract (sommario):
mondo universitario ha subito un’ondata di cambiamenti che si possono ricondurre alla ricerca dell’eccellenza, declinata secondo le due dimensioni della valutazione e della rendicontazione. Tre sono quelli più evidenti: il primo, il passaggio da una ricerca curiosity driven a una ricerca funzionale al raggiungimento di risultati valutabili in tempi brevi; dalla ricerca pura a quella applicata, da un approccio problem-making a uno problem-solving, da una conoscenza come processo a una conoscenza come prodotto, da un modello disinteressato a uno utilitaristico (Barnett, 1994); il secondo, riguardante l’offerta formativa: dal momento che si è modificato il modo di concepire l’apprendimento; i curricula tendono a essere definiti in termini di risultati di apprendimento predefiniti (Blackmore, 2016); il terzo, peculiare della struttura amministrativa: dal momento in cui sono divenute essenziali una serie di nuove sovrastrutture (programmazione, valutazione, controlli, comunicazione) rispetto al mandato originario della struttura universitaria si registra un aumento consistente del personale delle strutture amministrative. Questi cambiamenti devono fare i conti con la perdita di prestigio della vita accademica, il cambiamento del ruolo dello studente, che è diventato sempre più importante e l’aumento delle procedure burocratiche che rischiano di ingessare un sistema un tempo caratterizzato da un’elevata autonomia.
Per consentire alle strutture universitarie di affrontare le sfide culturali a partire dagli anni Settanta nelle università nord-americane si sono strutturate iniziative finalizzate allo sviluppo e alla promozione di una migliore offerta formativa. Tali iniziative vengono definite con l’espressione Faculty Development (FD), una policy accademica finalizzata a creare le condizioni per un miglioramento delle competenze di tutti coloro che sono coinvolti nelle attività svolte in un ateneo. Nella realtà italiana emerge la mancanza di una vera politica di formazione al teaching per i ricercatori e i docenti universitari, per non parlare dell’esigenza di superare il pregiudizio, di gentiliana memoria, secondo il quale non è necessario apprendere a insegnare, ma sia sufficiente avere successo nella ricerca, cui si aggiunge nell’ultimo decennio una continua e affannata richiesta al personale accademico di azioni organizzative, valutative e documentali, che assorbono tempo e energie senza il supporto di adeguati apparati gestionali e senza predisporre indagini valutative capaci di misurare l’effettivo esito di tutte queste azioni. L’effetto finale è un evidente declino (Capano et al., 2017) dell’istituzione universitaria. Si può ipotizzare che la cultura del organizzazione propria del Faculty Development possa contribuire nel contesto italiano a fornire azioni a supporto del cambiamento: è quanto mai essenziale dotare gli atenei di risorse funzionali a riqualificare la vita accademica, fornendo al personale accademico gli strumenti necessari per performare una buona scholarship, realizzare un’efficace offerta formativa e attuare adeguate forme di terza missione, capaci di incrementare la vita culturale della comunità. Il presente studio si propone come un’analisi sistematica della letteratura sul tema del Faculty Development, che persegue l’obiettivo di sviluppare una disamina estesa dell’oggetto, in modo che l’esplicitazione della datità raccolta fornisca un’analisi del fenomeno che possa essere di supporto a un’avveduta educational policy nel campo della formazione universitaria.
Nel contesto italiano ad oggi non esiste una cultura di attenzione ai contesti di apprendimento universitario. L’offerta formativa è concepita come offerta di pacchetti curriculari e la predisposizione delle condizioni di apprendimento per il conseguimento del titolo universitario si risolve nella organizzazione di una serie di lezioni, frontali o laboratoriali, senza che tutto questo sia innervato da una specifica intenzionalità didattica. Questa immagine poco confortante non intende affatto trascurare tutti i casi di buone prassi sviluppati nei vari corsi di studio, ma il buono che emerge è demandato all’impegno del singolo, senza che l’istituzione universitaria si interroghi sul come predisporre le condizioni per il potenziamento della qualità dei processi di apprendimento. A fronte di questa situazione la necessità di migliorare la qualità dell’insegnamento non è mai stata così stringente e sfidante come lo è oggi, in un clima di continuo cambiamento della formazione superiore. Nuove tendenze definiscono la formazione superiore, attraversando confini istituzionali e nazionali. Essi influiscono sul modo in cui un insegnamento efficace viene concettualizzato, condotto e supportato, valutato, valorizzato e riconosciuto. È necessario affrontare temi quali l’inadeguata preparazione per il lavoro accademico nei corsi di studio magistrali, l’incapacità dei docenti a trasferire competenze, la crescente complessità degli ambienti accademici, le attese e le responsabilità istituzionali, la necessità di preparare meglio gli studenti con bisogni diversi, e la necessità di stare al passo con i balzi della conoscenza e i cambiamenti nelle professioni. Migliorare la qualità della didattica è inoltre essenziale perché consente di ridurre il numero degli abbandoni. È venuto il momento di transitare da un’offerta formativa di tipo episodico a una prospettiva di esperienze di apprendimento in continuità nel tempo, per accompagnare la formazione dei docenti in un modo strutturalmente organizzato (Webster-Wright, 2009).
Sulla base della rilevazione fenomenica, sono emerse le seguenti domande di ricerca: che cosa è il FD? Cosa consente di fare? Come si mette in pratica? Quali sono le potenzialità? Quali sono i limiti? Il FD ha il compito di incentivare i docenti ad interessarsi ai processi di insegnamento e apprendimento e a procurare un ambiente sicuro e positivo nel quale fare ricerca, sperimentare, valutare e adottare nuovi metodi (Lancaster et al. 2014). È finalizzato a promuovere cambiamento sia a livello individuale sia a livello organizzativo. Occupa un posto centrale il miglioramento delle competenze di teaching (Steinert, 2014). Due importanti obiettivi sono rappresentati dalla promozione delle capacità di leadership e di gestione dei contesti (Steiner et al., 2012). Una volta definite le metodologie del teaching, che possono essere oggetto di apprendimento da parte del personale accademico, è risultato necessario identificare le principali modalità formative che un centro di Faculty Development (FDc) dovrebbe mettere in atto per favorire l’apprendimento delle competenze didattiche. Per comprenderne la funzione reale è stato utile prendere in esame le attività proposte dai più importanti centri del panorama accademico nordamericano, analizzandone la struttura organizzativa, le risorse disponibili ed identificandone le due figure principali: il responsabile dell’organizzazione dei processi formativi e il responsabile della struttura. L’analisi dei casi ha consentito di evidenziare i molteplici servizi che possono essere forniti da un FDc. Questa analisi di realtà è risultata molto utile poiché ha offerto indicazioni pragmatiche ai fini di una politica accademica innovativa anche in ambito italiano. Alla luce degli argomenti sviluppati è stato possibile ipotizzare anche per gli atenei italiani l’istituzione di “Centri per la professionalità accademica”, indicando possibili iniziative da essi realizzabili, che potrebbero trovare spazio nella realtà del nostro paese.
40
Gomes, Catarina Cardoso. "Síndrome Pós-trombótico e Impacto na Qualidade de Vida de Trombose Ílio-cava – Estudo a médio prazo em população hospitalizada em cinco anos consecutivos". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98354.
Abstract (sommario):
Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaIntrodução: A síndrome pós-trombótica (SPT) é uma complicação a longo prazo da trombose venosa profunda (TVP). Sendo uma doença crónica contribui, significativamente, para a deterioração da saúde do doente e, por isso, a uma diminuição da qualidade de vida (QdV), tornando cada vez mais pertinente avaliar este compromisso. Este estudo avalia a diminuição da QdV em doentes que sofreram um episódio de TVP ílio-cava, sobretudo quando desenvolvem a SPT e o impacto da terapêutica com fibrinólise na evolução da doença.Métodos: No total, 21 doentes foram selecionados após internamento por um primeiro episódio de TVP ílio-cava entre 1 de janeiro de 2014 e 31 de dezembro de 2018. Foram aplicadas as escalas de Villalta e os questionários Short Form Health Survey e Venous Insuffciency Epidemiological and Economic Study on Quality of Life/Symptoms. Valores médios da população portuguesa do SF-36 foram utilizados.Resultados: A QdV da população em estudo foi inferior à da população portuguesa, principalmente nos domínios da vitalidade e função física (p <.05). A presença da SPT teve um impacto significativo na diminuição da QdV, nomeadamente no desempenho físico e função física, no VEINES-Qol e na subescala VEINES-Sym. Doentes sem SPT apresentam scores de QdV sobreponíveis aos da população portuguesa. O tratamento com fibrinólise guiada por cateter obteve resultados semelhantes. Conclusão: A QdV diminui após um primeiro episódio de TVP ílio-cava. Nos doentes com SPT a QdV fica ainda mais comprometida, sobretudo pela componente física. A fibrinólise guiada por cateter em doentes com TVP ílio-cava não obteve os efeitos esperados, sendo necessário mais estudos para confirmar as vantagens deste tratamento.
Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Being a chronic disease, it contributes significantly to the deterioration of the patient's health and, therefore, to a decrease in the quality of life (QoL), making it more pertinent to evaluate this impairment. This study aimed to assess the decrease in QoL in patients who suffered an episode of iliocaval DVT, especially when they develop PTS and the impact of fibrinolysis therapy on the evolution of the disease.Methods: In total, 21 patients were selected after hospital admission for a first episode of iliocaval DVT between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018. Villalta scales and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Venous Insuffciency Epidemiological and Economic Study on Quality of Life/Symptons (VEINES-Qol/Sym) questionnaires were applied. General QoL scores were compared with general Portuguese population scores.Results: General QoL was lower than Portuguese population scores, mainly in the domains of vitality and physical function (p <0.05). The presence of PTS had a significant impact on the decrease in QoL, namely on physical performance and physical function, on VEINES-Qol and on the VEINES-Symptoms subscale. Patients without PTS present QoL scores similar to those of the Portuguese population. Treatment with catheter-guided fibrinolysis achieved similar results.Conclusion: QoL decreases after a first episode of iliocaval DVT. In patients with PTS, QoL is even more compromised, especially by the physical component. Catheter-guided fibrinolysis in patients with iliocaval DVT did not achieve the expected effects, and further studies are needed to confirm the benefits of this treatment.
41
Hashim, Che Gon. "Identifying predictors of postoperative persistent pain in women with breast cancer: assessments of investigative tools". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/162744.
Abstract (sommario):
Persistent pain after surgery in breast cancer has a significant
impact on the patient’s survival. The value of escalating
research on breast cancer in Malaysia cannot be underestimated.
However, it is not known how many of these women experience
persistent pain after surgery. This study surveyed previously
unknown figures on prevalence, and explored the predictive
factors of persistent pain women with breast cancer in Malaysia.
There were three objectives. First, to assess the reliability of
the already established investigative tools, namely, the Brief
Pain Inventory, Distress Thermometer, and Resilience scale RS-14;
second, to survey the prevalence of persistent pain; and thirdly
to identify predictors of persistent pain in women after breast
surgery, using the above measures. A test and retest design with
no intervention and a recall period of 3 to 7 days was employed
for assessment of the investigative tools. A cross-sectional
study, with a prospective, correlational design, a retrospective
review of medical records was used to identify predictors of
persistent pain. These investigations were conducted in two
phases –Section A and Section B – using separate data sets,
with different inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants
were recruited from the University of Malaya Medical Centre,
Malaysia. Descriptive statistics, a stepwise regression model for
reliability testing, Cronbach alpha, and factor analysis were
used. This study divided pain into categories 0 = no pain, 1–4
= mild pain, 5–6 = moderate pain, and 7–10 = severe pain.
Section A: The tools were found reliable. Section B: A total of
123 participants were recruited; 119 participants remained
because 4 of them did not meet the inclusion criteria. A total of
43% of the participants had persistent pain (n = 51). Pain
interfered with their work, mood, and sleep. Based on a “Yes”
answer for pain today (n = 51), data were analysed to determine
predictors. The results revealed three predictors: distress, B =
–.911, resilience, B = –.444, and pain interference, B =
.309. The model was statistically significant, F (3, 41, 44) =
13.827, R2 = 0.267, .381, .467), and adjusted R2 = .250, .351,
.467, p = 0.001. Significant P value ≤ .005. Pain prevalence
was 43% in this Malaysian population. This study provided
empirical evidence which is an important new knowledge to health
care systems, health care providers, policy makers, and future
research. The impact of persistent pain on work, mood, and sleep
are justifiable medical concerns. The results obtained and
identified predictors are catalysts for providing extra support
for breast cancer women after surgery. Ideally, all women with
breast cancer should have very good life satisfaction.